JP6742755B2 - Rock improvement rock bolt reinforcement method - Google Patents

Rock improvement rock bolt reinforcement method Download PDF

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JP6742755B2
JP6742755B2 JP2016035308A JP2016035308A JP6742755B2 JP 6742755 B2 JP6742755 B2 JP 6742755B2 JP 2016035308 A JP2016035308 A JP 2016035308A JP 2016035308 A JP2016035308 A JP 2016035308A JP 6742755 B2 JP6742755 B2 JP 6742755B2
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urethane
mortar
packer
bolt
injecting
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敬介 嶋本
敬介 嶋本
喬士 森瀬
喬士 森瀬
一栄 野城
一栄 野城
伊藤 直樹
直樹 伊藤
勉 松尾
勉 松尾
正 岡部
正 岡部
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Railway Technical Research Institute
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Description

本発明は、鉄道トンネルの維持管理における、地圧によるトンネル壁面の押出しを抑制する地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an improved rock bolt reinforcement construction method for suppressing push-out of a tunnel wall surface due to earth pressure in maintenance and management of a railway tunnel.

従来、一般的なロックボルト補強工法は、トンネル壁面から地山に削孔し、その孔内にモルタルを充填し、ロックボルトを挿入し、地山とボルトを定着させるものである(下記特許文献1参照)。 Conventionally, a general rock bolt reinforcement method is to drill a hole from a wall surface of a tunnel to a natural ground, fill the hole with mortar, insert a rock bolt, and fix the natural rock and the bolt (see Patent Documents below). 1).

1本のロックボルトで、例えば、先端をモルタル系の充填材料で定着させ、中間部(地山の緩み領域)をウレタン系の注入材料で地山改良させるという工法は見当たらない(下記特許文献2参照)。 With one lock bolt, for example, there is no method of fixing the tip with a mortar-based filling material and improving the middle portion (a loose area of the ground) with a urethane-based injection material (see Patent Document 2 below). reference).

なお、1本のロックボルトで、先端を速硬性のセメントカプセル、中間部を遅延性のセメントカプセルで定着させた事例がある。ただし、この事例は、プレストレス導入時の軸力分布の改善を図ったものであり、地山を改良することを目的としていない(下記非特許文献1参照)。 In some cases, one rock bolt fixes the tip with a fast-setting cement capsule and the middle part with a retarding cement capsule. However, this case is intended to improve the axial force distribution at the time of introducing prestress, and is not intended to improve the ground (see Non-Patent Document 1 below).

特開平7−208097号公報JP, 7-208097, A 特許第3675705号公報Japanese Patent No. 3675705

鉄道総研:変状トンネル対策工設計マニュアル、p93、平成10年2月Railway Research Institute: Deformation Tunnel Countermeasures Design Manual, p93, February 1998

一般的に、壁面の押出しといった変状が発生するトンネルでは、トンネルから離れた地山は比較的健全であるものの、トンネル近傍の地山は劣化して緩んでいる。 Generally, in a tunnel in which a deformation such as extrusion of a wall surface occurs, the ground away from the tunnel is relatively healthy, but the ground near the tunnel is deteriorated and loosened.

しかしながら、上記に記載のとおり、1本のロックボルトで、先端をモルタル系の充填材料で定着させるとともに、緩み領域をウレタン系の注入材料で改良させるといった複合的なロックボルト補強工法は見当たらない。 However, as described above, a composite rock bolt reinforcing method is not found in which the tip is fixed with a mortar-based filling material with one rock bolt and the loosened area is improved with a urethane-based injection material.

本発明は、上記状況に鑑みて、1本のロックボルトで、地山の先端部と緩み領域との定着を異ならせて適切に施工する複合的な地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a composite rock-improved rock bolt reinforcement method for appropriately constructing a rock bolt with a different fixing point between the tip portion and the loose area of the rock. The purpose is to

本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、地山にボアホールを削孔する工程と、先端と基端との間に第1のパッカーを取り付け、基端側に第2のパッカーを取り付けるとともに、モルタル注入パイプ及びウレタン注入パイプを取り付けたロックボルトを前記ボアホールに挿入する工程と、前記モルタル注入パイプを介してモルタルを注入し、前記第1のパッカーを膨張させる工程と、前記モルタル注入パイプを介してモルタルを注入し、膨張した第1のパッカーよりもロックボルトの先端側のボアホール内にモルタルを充填する工程と、前記モルタルの硬化後に前記ロックボルトに対してプレストレスを導入した後、前記ウレタン注入パイプを介してウレタンを注入し、前記第2のパッカーを膨張させる工程と、前記ウレタン注入パイプを介してウレタンを注入し、膨張した第2のパッカーと第1のパッカーとの間のボアホール内に所定量のウレタンを注入する工程と、を備えることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention attaches a first packer between the tip and the base end, and a second packer on the base end side, and A step of inserting a rock bolt having a mortar injection pipe and a urethane injection pipe into the borehole, a step of injecting mortar through the mortar injection pipe and inflating the first packer, and a step through the mortar injection pipe. Mortar is injected into the borehole on the tip side of the rock bolt with respect to the expanded first packer, and after the mortar is hardened, prestress is introduced into the rock bolt , and then the urethane Injecting urethane through an injection pipe to expand the second packer, and injecting urethane through the urethane injection pipe into the expanded bore hole between the second packer and the first packer. And a step of injecting a predetermined amount of urethane into the.

本発明によれば、次のような効果を奏することができる。 According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.

1本のロックボルトで、地山の先端部と緩み領域との定着を異ならせて適切に施工する複合的な地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法を提供することができる。 It is possible to provide a composite ground improvement type rock bolt reinforcement construction method in which a single rock bolt is used to appropriately perform the construction by making the fixation of the tip end portion of the ground material and the loosened area different.

本発明の第1の地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the 1st ground improvement type rock bolt reinforcement construction method of this invention. 本発明の第1の地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the 1st rock improvement type rock bolt reinforcement construction method of this invention. 図2のA−A線断面図である。It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 本発明の第2の地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the 2nd ground improvement type rock bolt reinforcement construction method of this invention. 本発明の第2の地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the 2nd ground improvement type rock bolt reinforcement construction method of this invention.

本発明の地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法は、中空ボルトの外側に膨張式布製のパッカー及び材料注入用のパイプを取り付け、1本のロックボルトで、地山の先端部と緩み領域との定着を異ならせて施工する。 According to the improved rock bolt reinforcing method of the present invention, an expandable cloth packer and a material injection pipe are attached to the outside of a hollow bolt, and one rock bolt is used to fix the tip end of the natural rock and the loose area. Different construction.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

図1は本発明の第1の地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法の模式図、図2は本発明の第1の地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法の説明図、図3は図2のA−A線断面図である。 FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first ground improvement type rock bolt reinforcing method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a first ground improvement type rock bolt reinforcing method of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is A- of FIG. It is an A line sectional view.

図1において、1はトンネル覆工、2は地山、Aは緩んだ地山、Bは安定した地山、Cはロックボルト、Dは膨張モルタルによる定着効果部位、Eはウレタンによる地山改良効果部位である。 In FIG. 1, 1 is a tunnel lining, 2 is a ground, A is a loose ground, B is a stable ground, C is a rock bolt, D is a fixing effect site by expansion mortar, and E is a ground improvement by urethane. This is the effect site.

図2及び図3において、2Aは予め削孔してできたボアホール、3は口元膨張式布製の袋(パッカー)、4は膨張モルタル注入パイプ、5及び13はウレタン注入パイプ、6は付着力の高いボルト又は付着力の低いボルトで、かつ中空のボルト、ここで、付着力の高いボルトの場合にはプレストレス導入後にウレタン注入し、付着力の低いボルトの場合にはプレストレス導入は、全ロックボルトの施工後に一括して実施可能である。7はボルト連結用スリーブ、8は膨張式布製の袋(パッカー)、9は付着力が高く、かつ中空のボルト、10はモルタルリーク確認用の孔(フラッシングホール)である。 2 and 3, 2A is a bore hole previously drilled, 3 is an inflatable cloth bag (packer), 4 is an expanded mortar injection pipe, 5 and 13 are urethane injection pipes, and 6 is an adhesive force. High-strength bolts or low-adhesion bolts and hollow bolts, where urethane is injected after pre-stress introduction for high-adhesion bolts, and pre-stress introduction for low-adhesion bolts. It can be performed collectively after the construction of the lock bolt. Reference numeral 7 is a sleeve for connecting bolts, 8 is a bag (packer) made of an inflatable cloth, 9 is a hollow bolt having high adhesive force, and 10 is a hole (flushing hole) for confirming mortar leak.

ここで、本発明の第1の地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法の施工方法について説明する。
(1)ボーリングマシン等により地山を削孔し、ボアホール2Aをつくる。
(2)ボアホール2AにロックボルトCを挿入する。
(3)パッカー(奥)8をモルタル注入パイプ4で圧送されるモルタルで膨張させる。
(4)そのままモルタルを注入し続けると、ボアホール2Aにモルタルが充填される。充填したかどうかは、ボルト先端部の孔(モルタルリーク確認用の孔) 10を通じて、モルタルが口元で吐露されることにより確認できる。
(5)モルタル硬化後(材齢1日)に、引抜試験を行うとともに、プレストレスを導入する。
(6)パッカー(手元)3をウレタン注入パイプ5で圧送されるウレタンで膨張させる。
(7)ウレタン注入パイプ13で所定量のウレタンを注入して地山を改良する。
Here, the construction method of the first improved rock bolt reinforcing method of the present invention will be described.
(1) Drill a borehole with a boring machine or the like to form a borehole 2A.
(2) Insert the lock bolt C into the bore hole 2A.
(3) The packer (back) 8 is expanded with mortar that is pressure-fed by the mortar injection pipe 4.
(4) If the mortar is continuously injected as it is, the borehole 2A is filled with the mortar. Whether or not it has been filled can be confirmed by discharging the mortar at the mouth through a hole (hole for confirming mortar leak) 10 at the tip of the bolt.
(5) After the mortar is hardened (1 day old), a pull-out test is performed and prestress is introduced.
(6) The packer (hand) 3 is inflated with urethane fed under pressure by the urethane injection pipe 5.
(7) A predetermined amount of urethane is injected by the urethane injection pipe 13 to improve the ground level.

図4は本発明の第2の地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法の模式図、図5(a)、図5(b)は本発明の第2の地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法の説明図である。 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the second improved rock bolt reinforcing method of the present invention, and FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) are explanatory views of the second improved rock bolt reinforcing method of the present invention. Is.

これらの図において、Aは緩んだ地山、Fは湧水が多いが安定した地山、21は付着力の高いボルト又は付着力の低いボルトで、かつ中空のボルト、Eはウレタンによる地山改良(物性値向上)効果部位、23は鋼管拡張型ボルト、24(G)は鋼管拡張型ボルトによる定着効果部位である。 In these figures, A is a loose ground, F is a stable ground with a lot of spring water, 21 is a bolt with a high adhesive force or a bolt with a low adhesive force and is a hollow bolt, and E is a ground with urethane. An improved (physical property value) effective portion, 23 is a steel pipe expansion type bolt, and 24 (G) is a fixing effect portion by the steel pipe expansion type bolt.

図5(a)において、31は注水管、32は口元膨張式布製の袋(パッカー)、33はボルト連結用スリーブ、34は注水により膨張する鋼管膨張型ボルト、35はウレタン注入パイプ(パッカー拡張用)、36はウレタン噴出口である。 In FIG. 5(a), 31 is a water injection pipe, 32 is a bag (packer) made of an inflatable mouth cloth, 33 is a sleeve for connecting bolts, 34 is a steel pipe expansion type bolt that expands by water injection, and 35 is a urethane injection pipe (packer expansion). And 36 are urethane jets.

図5(b)において、注水管31を抜いた後、中空のボルト内にウレタンを注入することで、ウレタン噴出口36からウレタンが噴出され、緩み領域39を改良することができる。 In FIG. 5B, after the water injection pipe 31 is pulled out, urethane is injected into the hollow bolt so that urethane is ejected from the urethane ejection port 36 and the slack region 39 can be improved.

ここで、本発明の第2の地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法の施工方法について説明する。
(1)ボーリングマシン等により地山を削孔し、ボアホールをつくる。
(2)ボアホールにロックボルトCを挿入する。
(3)鋼管膨張式ボルト34を水圧で膨張させるため、注水管31をボルト内部に挿入する。
(4)注水し鋼管膨張式ボルト34を膨張させ、地山に定着させる。その後注水管31を引抜く。
(5)引抜試験を行うとともに、プレストレスを導入する。なお、鋼管膨張式ボルト34の場合は膨張後直ちに定着力が出現するため、養生期間は不要である。
(6)口元膨張式布製の袋(パッカー)32をウレタン注入パイプ35で圧送されるウレタンで膨張させる。
(7)ウレタンを所定量注入する。ウレタンは、ボルトに配置したウレタン噴出口から噴出されて地山を改良する。
Here, the construction method of the second improved rock bolt reinforcing method of the present invention will be described.
(1) Boring holes are made by boring the ground with a boring machine or the like.
(2) Insert the lock bolt C into the bore hole.
(3) Since the steel pipe expansion type bolt 34 is expanded by water pressure, the water injection pipe 31 is inserted inside the bolt.
(4) Inject water to expand the steel pipe expansion type bolt 34 and fix it on the ground. After that, the water injection pipe 31 is pulled out.
(5) Perform a pull-out test and introduce prestress. In the case of the steel pipe inflatable bolt 34, the fixing force appears immediately after the expansion, so that the curing period is unnecessary.
(6) A bag (packer) 32 made of an inflatable mouth cloth is inflated by urethane fed by a urethane injection pipe 35.
(7) Inject a predetermined amount of urethane. Urethane is spouted from the urethane spout placed on the bolt to improve the ground level.

なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨に基づき種々の変形が可能であり、これらを本発明の範囲から排除するものではない。 The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications can be made based on the spirit of the present invention, and these modifications are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

本発明の地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法は、1本のロックボルトで、地山の先端部と緩み領域との定着を異ならせて適切に施工する複合的な地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法として利用することができる。 The ground improvement type rock bolt reinforcement method of the present invention is a composite ground improvement type rock bolt reinforcement method in which a single rock bolt is used to appropriately perform the fixing of the tip end portion and the loosened area of the ground. Can be used as

1 トンネル覆工
2 地山
A 緩んだ地山
B 安定した地山
C ロックボルト
D 膨張モルタルによる定着効果部位
E ウレタンによる地山改良効果部位
2A 予め削孔してできたボアホール
3 口元膨張式布製の袋(パッカー)
4 膨張モルタル注入パイプ
5、13 ウレタン注入パイプ
6 付着力の高いボルト又は付着力の低いボルト
7 ボルト連結用スリーブ
8 膨張式布製の袋(パッカー)
9 付着力が高く、かつ中空のボルト
10 モルタルリーク確認用の孔(フラッシングホール)
F 湧き水が多いが安定した地山
21 付着力の高いボルト又は付着力の低いボルト
23 鋼管拡張型ボルト
24(G) 鋼管拡張型ボルトによる定着効果部位
31 注水管
32 口元膨張式布製の袋(パッカー)
33 ボルト連結用スリーブ
34 注水により膨張する鋼管膨張型ボルト
35 ウレタン注入パイプ(パッカー拡張用)
36 ウレタン噴出口
39 緩み領域
1 Tunnel lining 2 Ground A Loose ground B Stable ground C Rock bolt D Fixing effect part by expansion mortar E Site improvement effect part by urethane 2A Bore hole made by pre-drilling 3 Made of inflatable mouth cloth Bag (packer)
4 Expansion mortar injection pipe 5, 13 Urethane injection pipe 6 Bolt with high adhesion or low adhesion 7 Sleeve for connecting bolts 8 Inflatable cloth bag (packer)
9 Highly adhesive and hollow bolt 10 Hole for confirming mortar leak (flushing hole)
F Stable ground with a lot of spring water 21 Bolts with high adhesiveness or bolts with low adhesiveness 23 Steel pipe expansion type bolts 24 (G) Anchorage effect area by steel pipe expansion type bolts 31 Water injection pipe
32 Inflatable cloth bag (packer)
33 Sleeve for connecting bolts 34 Steel tube expansion type bolt that expands by pouring water 35 Urethane injection pipe (for packer expansion)
36 Urethane outlet 39 Loose area

Claims (1)

地山にボアホールを削孔する工程と、
先端と基端との間に第1のパッカーを取り付け、基端側に第2のパッカーを取り付けるとともに、モルタル注入パイプ及びウレタン注入パイプを取り付けたロックボルトを前記ボアホールに挿入する工程と、
前記モルタル注入パイプを介してモルタルを注入し、前記第1のパッカーを膨張させる工程と、
前記モルタル注入パイプを介してモルタルを注入し、膨張した第1のパッカーよりもロックボルトの先端側のボアホール内にモルタルを充填する工程と、
前記モルタルの硬化後に前記ロックボルトに対してプレストレスを導入した後、前記ウレタン注入パイプを介してウレタンを注入し、前記第2のパッカーを膨張させる工程と、
前記ウレタン注入パイプを介してウレタンを注入し、膨張した第2のパッカーと第1のパッカーとの間のボアホール内に所定量のウレタンを注入する工程と、を備えることを特徴とする地山改良型ロックボルト補強工法。
The process of drilling a borehole in the ground,
Attaching a first packer between the distal end and the base end, attaching a second packer on the base end side, and inserting a lock bolt having a mortar injection pipe and a urethane injection pipe into the bore hole;
Injecting mortar through the mortar injecting pipe to inflate the first packer,
A step of injecting mortar through the mortar injecting pipe and filling the mortar in the bore hole on the tip side of the rock bolt with respect to the expanded first packer;
A step of introducing prestress to the lock bolt after hardening the mortar, injecting urethane through the urethane injecting pipe, and inflating the second packer;
Injecting urethane through the urethane injecting pipe, and injecting a predetermined amount of urethane into the bore hole between the expanded second packer and the first packer, the natural improvement. Type rock bolt reinforcement method.
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