JP6740856B2 - Fuel cell and method of manufacturing fuel cell - Google Patents

Fuel cell and method of manufacturing fuel cell Download PDF

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JP6740856B2
JP6740856B2 JP2016209279A JP2016209279A JP6740856B2 JP 6740856 B2 JP6740856 B2 JP 6740856B2 JP 2016209279 A JP2016209279 A JP 2016209279A JP 2016209279 A JP2016209279 A JP 2016209279A JP 6740856 B2 JP6740856 B2 JP 6740856B2
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JP2018073524A (en
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杉原　真一
真一 杉原
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Denso Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Description

本開示は、燃料電池及び燃料電池の製造方法に関する。 The present disclosure relates to a fuel cell and a fuel cell manufacturing method.

金属部品を使った積層型のＳＯＦＣ（Ｓｏｌｉｄ Ｏｘｉｄｅ Ｆｕｅｌ Ｃｅｌｌ：固体酸化物形燃料電池）では、積層方向に燃料を分配するマニホルド部において、外部にガスが漏れないようにするための「シール」と、上下層の電気的な「絶縁」が必要とされる。このようなシールや絶縁を実現する手法として、例えばマイカガスケットを挟持させる手法（特許文献１参照）や、ガラスを焼成してガスシール部を形成する手法が知られている。 Stacked SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) that uses metal parts is called a "seal" to prevent gas from leaking outside in the manifold part that distributes fuel in the stacking direction. , Electrical "insulation" of the upper and lower layers is required. As a method for realizing such sealing and insulation, for example, a method of sandwiching a mica gasket (see Patent Document 1) and a method of firing glass to form a gas seal portion are known.

国際公開第２０１１／１４８７６９号International Publication No. 2011/148769

しかしながら、特許文献１に記載されるマイカガスケットをガスシール部として用いる場合、一般にマイカ板は表面粗さが大きいため、ガスシール部の表面が平滑でなく空隙が生じやすい。このためシールを完全に行うことができずガスリークが撲滅できない場合がある。また、ガラスを焼成してガスシール部を形成する場合、一般にＳＵＳ板とガラス層とを積層した状態で焼成をおこなうので、電池を多層化した場合は焼成時のガラス軟化に伴いＳＵＳ板が動くので、電池のスタック本体のねじれや傾きなど加工精度に問題が生じる場合がある。 However, when the mica gasket described in Patent Document 1 is used as the gas seal portion, the surface of the gas seal portion is not smooth and voids are likely to occur because the mica plate generally has a large surface roughness. For this reason, it may not be possible to completely seal and the gas leak may not be eliminated. Further, when the glass is fired to form the gas seal portion, the firing is generally performed in a state where the SUS plate and the glass layer are laminated. Therefore, when the battery has a multi-layer structure, the SUS plate moves as the glass softens during firing. Therefore, there may be a problem in processing accuracy such as twisting or tilting of the battery stack body.

本開示は、シール機能を十分に発揮することができる共に、簡易かつ高精度に製造できる燃料電池及び燃料電池の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present disclosure is to provide a fuel cell capable of sufficiently exhibiting a sealing function and capable of being simply and highly accurately manufactured, and a method of manufacturing a fuel cell.

本開示は、複数の平板型の燃料電池セル（１１０）を積層してなる積層体と、前記積層体の積層方向に沿って形成され、複数の燃料電池セルのそれぞれに供給する燃料ガス及び酸化剤ガスのいずれか一方が流れるガス流路（Ａ１，Ａ３，Ａ４，Ａ６）と、前記ガス流路において、前記積層体のうちの隣接する第１板材（１２０）と第２板材（２２０）との間に形成され、前記第１板材と前記第２板材との間の空隙層へ前記ガス流路を流れるガスが流出することを防止するためのガスシール部（１４０，１４０Ａ）と、を備え、前記ガスシール部は、前記積層方向に沿って、前記第１板材と当接するガラス部材（１４１）と、前記ガラス部材と前記空隙層との隙間を塞ぎ、前記第２板材と当接する塞ぎ部材（１４２，１４２Ａ，１４２Ｂ）と、が積層されて形成される、燃料電池（１０）である。 The present disclosure relates to a laminated body formed by laminating a plurality of flat plate type fuel cell units (110), and a fuel gas and an oxidation gas which are formed along the laminating direction of the laminated body and are supplied to each of the plurality of fuel cell units. A gas flow path (A1, A3, A4, A6) through which either one of the agent gases flows, and a first plate material (120) and a second plate material (220) adjacent to each other in the laminate in the gas flow path. And a gas seal part (140, 140A) for preventing the gas flowing through the gas flow path from flowing out to the void layer between the first plate material and the second plate material. The gas seal portion closes a glass member (141) that comes into contact with the first plate member and a gap between the glass member and the void layer along the stacking direction and comes into contact with the second plate member. (142, 142A, 142B) is a fuel cell (10) formed by stacking.

同様に、本開示は、複数の平板型の燃料電池セル（１１０）を積層してなる積層体と、前記積層体の積層方向に沿って形成され、複数の燃料電池セルのそれぞれに供給する燃料ガス及び酸化剤ガスのいずれか一方が流れるガス流路（Ａ１，Ａ３，Ａ４，Ａ６）と、前記ガス流路において、前記積層体のうちの隣接する第１板材（１２０）と第２板材（２２０）との間に形成され、前記第１板材と前記第２板材との間の空隙層へ前記ガス流路を流れるガスが流出することを防止するためのガスシール部（１４０，１４０Ａ）と、を備える燃料電池（１０）の製造方法であって、前記積層方向に沿って、前記第１板材と当接するガラス部材（１４１）と、前記ガラス部材と前記空隙層との隙間を塞ぎ、前記第２板材と当接する塞ぎ部材（１４２，１４２Ａ，１４２Ｂ）と、を積層する積層ステップと、前記積層体を焼成する焼成ステップと、前記焼成ステップの結果、前記ガラス部材が軟化収縮すると共に、前記塞ぎ部材の前記積層方向の寸法が増大して、前記ガラス部材と前記塞ぎ部材の合計の積層方向寸法が焼成前後で同一となるよう変形して、前記ガスシール部を形成する形成ステップと、を含む、燃料電池の製造方法である。 Similarly, according to the present disclosure, a stacked body formed by stacking a plurality of flat plate type fuel cells (110) and a fuel formed along the stacking direction of the stacked body and supplied to each of the plurality of fuel cells. A gas flow path (A1, A3, A4, A6) through which one of a gas and an oxidant gas flows, and a first plate material (120) and a second plate material (120) which are adjacent to each other in the laminated body in the gas flow path. 220) and a gas seal portion (140, 140A) for preventing the gas flowing through the gas flow path from flowing out to the void layer between the first plate material and the second plate material. A method for manufacturing a fuel cell (10), comprising: a glass member (141) in contact with the first plate member along the stacking direction; and a gap between the glass member and the void layer, A laminating step of laminating a closing member (142, 142A, 142B) in contact with the second plate member, a firing step of firing the laminate, and as a result of the firing step, the glass member softens and shrinks, and A step of increasing the dimension of the closing member in the stacking direction and deforming the glass member and the closing member so that the total dimension in the stacking direction is the same before and after firing to form the gas seal portion; And a method of manufacturing a fuel cell.

これらの構成により、焼成によってガスシール部のガラス部材が軟化収縮しても、これにより発生する第１板材と第２板材との間の空隙層を塞ぎ部材によって塞ぐことができる。これにより、ガスシール部にシール機能を十分に発揮させることができる。また、塞ぎ部材によってガラス部材の収縮分を補完するので、焼成前後でガラス部材と塞ぎ部材の合計の高さ寸法が変わらないようにでき、第１板材と第２板材と間の空隙層の高さを一定に維持できる。これにより、焼成によって積層体の各層のねじれや傾きなどの不具合を生じにくくすることができ、製品の精度を容易に向上させることができる。この結果、本開示に係る燃料電池は、シール機能を十分に発揮することができる共に、簡易かつ高精度に製造できる。 With these configurations, even if the glass member of the gas seal portion is softened and shrunk by firing, it is possible to close the void layer between the first plate member and the second plate member that is generated by the closing member. As a result, the gas sealing portion can fully exhibit the sealing function. Further, since the shrinkage component of the glass member is complemented by the closing member, the total height dimension of the glass member and the closing member can be kept unchanged before and after firing, and the height of the void layer between the first plate member and the second plate member can be increased. Can be maintained constant. As a result, it is possible to prevent problems such as twist and inclination of each layer of the laminated body due to firing, and it is possible to easily improve the accuracy of the product. As a result, the fuel cell according to the present disclosure can sufficiently exhibit the sealing function and can be manufactured easily and with high accuracy.

本開示によれば、シール機能を十分に発揮することができる共に、簡易かつ高精度に製造できる燃料電池及び燃料電池の製造方法を提供することができる。 According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a fuel cell capable of sufficiently exhibiting a sealing function and capable of being easily and accurately manufactured, and a method of manufacturing a fuel cell.

図１は、実施形態に係る燃料電池の構成を示す分解組立図である。FIG. 1 is an exploded view showing the configuration of the fuel cell according to the embodiment. 図２は、図１中のＩＩ−ＩＩ断面図であり、燃料電池のガスシール部の構成を示す断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1 and is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the gas seal portion of the fuel cell. 図３は、図２に示すガスシール部の焼成処理前の状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of the gas seal portion shown in FIG. 2 before the firing process. 図４は、実施形態の変形例のガスシール部の構成を示す断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a gas seal portion of a modified example of the embodiment. 図５は、図４に示すガスシール部の焼成処理前の状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state before the firing process of the gas seal portion shown in FIG.

以下、添付図面を参照しながら本実施形態について説明する。説明の理解を容易にするため、各図面において同一の構成要素に対しては可能な限り同一の符号を付して、重複する説明は省略する。 The present embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to facilitate understanding of the description, the same reference numerals are given to the same constituent elements in each drawing as much as possible, and overlapping description will be omitted.

［実施形態］
図１及び図２を参照しながら、実施形態に係る燃料電池１０の構成について説明する。燃料電池１０は、燃料ガス及び酸化剤ガスの供給を受けて発電を行う装置であって、本実施形態では固体酸化物形の燃料電池（Ｓｏｌｉｄ Ｏｘｉｄｅ Ｆｕｅｌ Ｃｅｌｌ：ＳＯＦＣ）として構成されている。燃料電池１０は、所謂「平板型」の単セル１１０（燃料電池セル）を複数備えており、セパレータ２２０を介しそれぞれの単セル１１０を積層し直列接続した構成となっている。尚、図１においては、燃料電池１０が備える複数の単セル１１０のうちの１つと、その上下両側に設けられたセパレータ２２０のみが描かれている。以下の説明では、単セル１１０とセパレータ２２０とが積層される方向（図１では上下方向）を「積層方向」と表記し、図１の上側を「積層方向上側」、図１の下側を「積層方向下側」と表記する。 [Embodiment]
The configuration of the fuel cell 10 according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The fuel cell 10 is an apparatus that receives the supply of a fuel gas and an oxidant gas to generate electric power, and is configured as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) in the present embodiment. The fuel cell 10 includes a plurality of so-called “plate type” single cells 110 (fuel cell), and each single cell 110 is stacked via a separator 220 and connected in series. Note that in FIG. 1, only one of the plurality of unit cells 110 included in the fuel cell 10 and the separators 220 provided on the upper and lower sides thereof are illustrated. In the following description, the direction in which the unit cells 110 and the separator 220 are stacked (vertical direction in FIG. 1) is referred to as the “stacking direction”, the upper side of FIG. 1 is the “upper stacking direction”, and the lower side of FIG. It is described as "lower side in the stacking direction".

単セル１１０は、電解質と、燃料極と、酸素極と、を有している。電解質は平板状に形成されており、酸素イオン電導性を有する固体電解質である。電解質の材料としては、例えばジルコニアやペロブスカイト酸化物等、公知の材料を用いることができる。 The unit cell 110 has an electrolyte, a fuel electrode, and an oxygen electrode. The electrolyte is formed in a flat plate shape, and is a solid electrolyte having oxygen ion conductivity. As the material of the electrolyte, known materials such as zirconia and perovskite oxide can be used.

燃料極は、電解質の一方の面上に形成された層であって、燃料ガスの供給を受ける部分である。燃料極は、例えばＹＳＺ等の電解質セラミックスと、Ｎｉ等の触媒金属と、を含むサーメットにより構成された多孔質層である。燃料極に燃料ガスが供給されると、燃料ガスに含まれる水素と、電解質を通過した酸化物イオンとが反応し、電子が放出される。当該電子が、発電により得られる電流として取り出される。 The fuel electrode is a layer formed on one surface of the electrolyte and is a portion that receives supply of fuel gas. The fuel electrode is a porous layer composed of a cermet containing electrolyte ceramics such as YSZ and a catalytic metal such as Ni. When the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel electrode, hydrogen contained in the fuel gas reacts with oxide ions that have passed through the electrolyte, and electrons are emitted. The electrons are extracted as a current obtained by power generation.

燃料極では、燃料ガスに含まれる炭化水素と水との間における水蒸気改質反応、すなわち内部改質が生じる。内部改質によって生じた水素は、燃料ガスに当初から含まれていた水素と同様に発電に供される。また、水蒸気改質反応は、よく知られているように吸熱反応である。このため、発電で生じた熱が水蒸気改質反応のために用いられると共に、燃料極及びその周辺の温度上昇が抑制される。 At the fuel electrode, a steam reforming reaction, that is, internal reforming occurs between the hydrocarbon contained in the fuel gas and water. The hydrogen generated by the internal reforming is used for power generation in the same manner as the hydrogen originally contained in the fuel gas. The steam reforming reaction is an endothermic reaction, as is well known. Therefore, the heat generated by power generation is used for the steam reforming reaction, and the temperature rise of the fuel electrode and its surroundings is suppressed.

酸素極は、電解質のうち燃料極とは反対側の面上に形成された層であって、酸化剤ガス（本実施形態では空気である）の供給を受ける部分である。酸素極は、例えばペロブスカイト型酸化物のような導電性セラミックスにより構成された多孔質層である。酸素極に空気が供給されると、空気に含まれる酸素が外部から供給される電子を受け取ることにより、酸化物イオンが生じる。酸化物イオンは、電解質を通って燃料極に到達した後、上記のように水素と反応する。 The oxygen electrode is a layer formed on the surface of the electrolyte opposite to the fuel electrode, and is a portion that receives supply of an oxidant gas (air in this embodiment). The oxygen electrode is a porous layer made of a conductive ceramic such as a perovskite type oxide. When air is supplied to the oxygen electrode, oxygen contained in the air receives electrons supplied from the outside to generate oxide ions. After reaching the anode through the electrolyte, the oxide ion reacts with hydrogen as described above.

本実施形態では、単セル１１０は、積層方向上側（図１の上側）から酸素極、電解質、燃料極、の順で積層されて構成されている。 In the present embodiment, the unit cell 110 is configured by stacking an oxygen electrode, an electrolyte, and a fuel electrode in this order from the upper side (the upper side in FIG. 1) in the stacking direction.

単セル１１０はセルフレーム１２０に保持されている。セルフレーム１２０は、単セル１１０よりも一回り大きな矩形の板であり、ステンレスにより形成されている。セルフレーム１２０の中央には、単セル１１０の外形に沿って矩形の貫通穴が形成されている。単セル１１０は、当該貫通穴の縁に形成された段部により保持されている。 The unit cell 110 is held in the cell frame 120. The cell frame 120 is a rectangular plate that is slightly larger than the single cell 110 and is made of stainless steel. A rectangular through hole is formed in the center of the cell frame 120 along the outer shape of the unit cell 110. The unit cell 110 is held by a step formed on the edge of the through hole.

図１に示されるように、セルフレーム１２０のうち単セル１１０の外側となる位置には、燃料ガス穴１２１と、燃料ガス穴１２２と、空気穴１２３と、空気穴１２４と、が形成されている。図１には、外部から供給され燃料電池１０を通過する燃料ガスの流れが、矢印Ａ１、Ａ２、Ａ３により示されている。また、外部から供給され燃料電池１０を通過する空気の流れが、矢印Ａ４、Ａ５、Ａ６により示されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, a fuel gas hole 121, a fuel gas hole 122, an air hole 123, and an air hole 124 are formed at a position outside the unit cell 110 in the cell frame 120. There is. In FIG. 1, the flow of the fuel gas supplied from the outside and passing through the fuel cell 10 is shown by arrows A1, A2, and A3. The flow of air supplied from the outside and passing through the fuel cell 10 is indicated by arrows A4, A5, and A6.

燃料ガス穴１２１は、セルフレーム１２０のうち１つの辺に沿って４つ並ぶように形成された貫通穴である。燃料ガスは、燃料ガス穴１２１を下方から上方に向かって流れながら（矢印Ａ１）、その一部が単セル１１０の燃料極の下方側に流入し、燃料極に沿って流れる（矢印Ａ２）。これにより、燃料ガスが単セル１１０の燃料極に供給され、発電に供される。 The fuel gas holes 121 are through holes formed so that four fuel gas holes 121 are arranged along one side of the cell frame 120. The fuel gas flows through the fuel gas hole 121 from the lower side to the upper side (arrow A1), and a part thereof flows into the lower side of the fuel electrode of the single cell 110 and flows along the fuel electrode (arrow A2). As a result, the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel electrode of the single cell 110 for power generation.

燃料ガス穴１２２は、燃料ガス穴１２１と同様に、セルフレーム１２０のうち１つの辺に沿って４つ並ぶように形成された貫通穴である。燃料ガス穴１２２が形成されている辺と、燃料ガス穴１２１が形成されている辺とは、互いに平行となっている。燃料ガスは、燃料ガス穴１２２を上方から下方に向かって流れている（矢印Ａ３）。単セル１１０の燃料極に沿って流れた燃料ガス（矢印Ａ２）は、燃料ガス穴１２２に到達し、その後は矢印Ａ３で示される燃料ガスの流れに合流する。 Similar to the fuel gas holes 121, the fuel gas holes 122 are through holes formed so that four of them are arranged along one side of the cell frame 120. The side where the fuel gas hole 122 is formed and the side where the fuel gas hole 121 is formed are parallel to each other. The fuel gas flows through the fuel gas hole 122 from the upper side to the lower side (arrow A3). The fuel gas (arrow A2) flowing along the fuel electrode of the unit cell 110 reaches the fuel gas hole 122, and thereafter merges with the fuel gas flow indicated by the arrow A3.

空気穴１２３は、セルフレーム１２０のうち１つの辺に沿って４つ並ぶように形成された貫通穴である。空気穴１２３が形成されている辺と、燃料ガス穴１２１が形成されている方の辺とは、互いに垂直となっている。空気は、空気穴１２３を下方から上方に向かって流れながら（矢印Ａ４）、その一部が単セル１１０の酸素極の上方側に流入し、酸素極に沿って流れる（矢印Ａ５）。これにより、空気が単セル１１０の酸素極に供給され、発電に供される。 The air holes 123 are through holes formed so that four air holes 123 are arranged along one side of the cell frame 120. The side where the air hole 123 is formed and the side where the fuel gas hole 121 is formed are perpendicular to each other. The air flows in the air holes 123 from the lower side to the upper side (arrow A4), and a part thereof flows into the upper side of the oxygen electrode of the single cell 110 and flows along the oxygen electrode (arrow A5). As a result, air is supplied to the oxygen electrode of the single cell 110 and used for power generation.

空気穴１２４は、空気穴１２３と同様に、セルフレーム１２０のうち１つの辺に沿って４つ並ぶように形成された貫通穴である。空気穴１２４が形成されている辺と、空気穴１２３が形成されている辺とは、互いに平行となっている。空気は、空気穴１２４を上方から下方に向かって流れている（矢印Ａ６）。単セル１１０の酸素極に沿って流れた空気（矢印Ａ５）は、空気穴１２３に到達し、その後は矢印Ａ６で示される空気の流れに合流する。 Similar to the air holes 123, the air holes 124 are through holes formed so that four air holes are arranged along one side of the cell frame 120. The side where the air holes 124 are formed and the side where the air holes 123 are formed are parallel to each other. The air flows through the air holes 124 from above to below (arrow A6). The air (arrow A5) flowing along the oxygen electrode of the unit cell 110 reaches the air hole 123, and thereafter merges with the air flow indicated by the arrow A6.

セパレータ２２０は、ステンレスにより形成された板状の部材である。上面視におけるセパレータ２２０の外形は、セルフレーム１２０の外形と概ね同一である。導電性の部材であるセパレータ２２０により、積層された全ての単セル１１０が電気的に直列接続されている。 The separator 220 is a plate-shaped member made of stainless steel. The outer shape of the separator 220 in a top view is substantially the same as the outer shape of the cell frame 120. All the stacked single cells 110 are electrically connected in series by the separator 220, which is a conductive member.

セパレータ２２０のうち単セル１１０よりも外側となる位置には、燃料ガス穴２２１と、燃料ガス穴２２２と、空気穴２２３と、空気穴２２４と、が形成されている。 A fuel gas hole 221, a fuel gas hole 222, an air hole 223, and an air hole 224 are formed at a position outside the unit cell 110 of the separator 220.

燃料ガス穴２２１は、セルフレーム１２０の燃料ガス穴１２１と同様に、セパレータ２２０のうち１つの辺に沿って４つ並ぶように形成された貫通穴である。それぞれの燃料ガス穴２２１が形成されている位置は、上面視においてそれぞれの燃料ガス穴１２１と重なる位置である。このため、矢印Ａ１で示される燃料ガスの流れは、燃料ガス穴１２１と燃料ガス穴２２１とを交互に通過する流れとなっている。 Similar to the fuel gas holes 121 of the cell frame 120, the fuel gas holes 221 are through holes formed so that four fuel gas holes 221 are arranged along one side of the separator 220. The position where each fuel gas hole 221 is formed is a position where it overlaps with each fuel gas hole 121 in a top view. Therefore, the flow of the fuel gas indicated by the arrow A1 is a flow that alternately passes through the fuel gas holes 121 and the fuel gas holes 221.

燃料ガス穴２２２は、セルフレーム１２０の燃料ガス穴１２２と同様に、セパレータ２２０のうち１つの辺に沿って４つ並ぶように形成された貫通穴である。それぞれの燃料ガス穴２２２が形成されている位置は、上面視においてそれぞれの燃料ガス穴１２２と重なる位置である。このため、矢印Ａ３で示される燃料ガスの流れは、燃料ガス穴１２２と燃料ガス穴２２２とを交互に通過する流れとなっている。 Similar to the fuel gas holes 122 of the cell frame 120, the fuel gas holes 222 are through holes formed so that four fuel gas holes 222 are arranged along one side of the separator 220. The position where each fuel gas hole 222 is formed is a position that overlaps with each fuel gas hole 122 in a top view. Therefore, the flow of the fuel gas indicated by the arrow A3 is a flow that alternately passes through the fuel gas holes 122 and the fuel gas holes 222.

空気穴２２３は、セルフレーム１２０の空気穴１２３と同様に、セパレータ２２０のうち１つの辺に沿って４つ並ぶように形成された貫通穴である。それぞれの空気穴２２３が形成されている位置は、上面視においてそれぞれの空気穴１２３と重なる位置である。このため、矢印Ａ４で示される空気の流れは、空気穴１２３と空気穴２２３とを交互に通過する流れとなっている。 Like the air holes 123 of the cell frame 120, the air holes 223 are through holes formed so that four air holes 223 are arranged along one side of the separator 220. The position where each air hole 223 is formed is a position which overlaps with each air hole 123 in a top view. Therefore, the air flow indicated by the arrow A4 is a flow that alternately passes through the air holes 123 and the air holes 223.

空気穴２２４は、セルフレーム１２０の空気穴１２４と同様に、セパレータ２２０のうち１つの辺に沿って４つ並ぶように形成された貫通穴である。それぞれの空気穴２２４が形成されている位置は、上面視においてそれぞれの空気穴１２４と重なる位置である。このため、矢印Ａ６で示される空気の流れは、空気穴１２４と空気穴２２４とを交互に通過する流れとなっている。 Like the air holes 124 of the cell frame 120, the air holes 224 are through holes formed so that four air holes 224 are arranged along one side of the separator 220. The position where each air hole 224 is formed is a position which overlaps with each air hole 124 in a top view. Therefore, the air flow indicated by the arrow A6 is a flow that alternately passes through the air holes 124 and the air holes 224.

なお、燃料ガス穴１２１，２２１を燃料ガスが通過する流路Ａ１と、燃料ガス穴１２２，２２２を燃料ガスが通過する流路Ａ３は、「複数の平板型の単セル１１０を積層してなる積層体の積層方向に沿って形成され、複数の単セル１１０のそれぞれに供給する燃料ガスが流れるガス流路Ａ１、Ａ３」とも表現することができる。また、空気穴１２３，２２３を空気が通過する流路Ａ４と、空気穴１２４，２２４を空気が通過する流路Ａ６は、「複数の平板型の単セル１１０を積層してなる積層体の積層方向に沿って形成され、複数の単セル１１０のそれぞれに供給する空気（酸化剤ガス）が流れるガス流路Ａ４，Ａ６」とも表現することができる。 The flow path A1 through which the fuel gas passes through the fuel gas holes 121 and 221 and the flow path A3 through which the fuel gas passes through the fuel gas holes 122 and 222 are composed of "a plurality of flat plate type single cells 110 are stacked. It can also be expressed as “gas flow paths A1, A3” formed along the stacking direction of the stacked body and through which the fuel gas supplied to each of the plurality of unit cells 110 flows. The flow path A4 through which the air passes through the air holes 123 and 223 and the flow path A6 through which the air passes through the air holes 124 and 224 are defined as “a laminated body of a plurality of flat plate-type single cells 110 laminated together. It can also be expressed as “gas flow paths A4, A6” formed along the direction and through which air (oxidant gas) supplied to each of the plurality of unit cells 110 flows.

セパレータ２２０のうち単セル１１０の燃料極側（図１では上側）の面２１１には凹部が形成されており、当該凹部が燃料ガスの流れる流路２１０となっている。流路２１０は、単セル１１０の燃料極に燃料ガスを供給するための流路であるから、図１において矢印Ａ２で示される燃料ガスの流れは、流路２１０における燃料ガスの流れである。 A recess is formed in the surface 211 of the separator 220 on the fuel electrode side (upper side in FIG. 1) of the single cell 110, and the recess serves as a flow path 210 through which the fuel gas flows. Since the flow path 210 is a flow path for supplying the fuel gas to the fuel electrode of the single cell 110, the flow of the fuel gas indicated by the arrow A2 in FIG. 1 is the flow of the fuel gas in the flow path 210.

セパレータ２２０のうち単セル１１０の酸素極側（図１では下側）の面（不図示）と、酸素極との間には、空気の流れる流路２５０が形成されている。矢印Ａ５で示される空気の流れは、流路２５０における空気の流れである。 A flow channel 250 through which air flows is formed between a surface (not shown) of the separator 220 on the oxygen electrode side (lower side in FIG. 1) of the single cell 110 and the oxygen electrode. The air flow indicated by the arrow A5 is the air flow in the flow path 250.

このように、本実施形態では、単セル１１０の燃料極を燃料ガスが流れる方向（矢印Ａ２）と、単セル１１０の酸素極を空気が流れる方向（矢印Ａ５）とが、互いに直行するようなクロスフロー方式が採用されている。このような態様に替えて、それぞれの流れが互いに同じ方向となるコフロー方式や、それぞれの流れが互いに反対方向となるカウンタフロー方式を採用してもよい。 As described above, in the present embodiment, the direction in which the fuel gas flows through the fuel electrode of the single cell 110 (arrow A2) and the direction in which air flows through the oxygen electrode of the single cell 110 (arrow A5) are orthogonal to each other. The cross flow method is adopted. Instead of such an aspect, a coflow method in which the respective flows are in the same direction or a counterflow method in which the respective flows are in the opposite directions may be adopted.

その他の構成について説明する。セパレータ２２０のうち単セル１１０の燃料極側（図１では上面側）と、セルフレーム１２０との間には、スペーサ２３０が配置されている。スペーサ２３０は、セパレータ２２０とセルフレーム１２０との間の隙間を所定の大きさに保つよう、両者の間に挿入された板状の部材である。スペーサ２３０は、セパレータ２２０とセルフレーム１２０との間における燃料ガスの流れ、及び空気の流れを妨げることの無いように、上面視において燃料極や燃料ガス穴１２１等を避ける位置に設けられている。本実施形態では、スペーサ２３０はステンレスにより形成されている。 Other configurations will be described. A spacer 230 is arranged between the cell frame 120 and the fuel electrode side (upper surface side in FIG. 1) of the unit cell 110 of the separator 220. The spacer 230 is a plate-shaped member inserted between the separator 220 and the cell frame 120 so as to keep the gap between the separator 220 and the cell frame 120 at a predetermined size. The spacer 230 is provided at a position avoiding the fuel electrode, the fuel gas hole 121, and the like in a top view so as not to hinder the flow of fuel gas and the flow of air between the separator 220 and the cell frame 120. .. In this embodiment, the spacer 230 is made of stainless steel.

セパレータ２２０のうち単セル１１０の酸素極側（図１では下面側）と、セルフレーム１２０との間には、スペーサ１３０が配置されている。スペーサ１３０は、スペーサ２３０と同様に、セパレータ２２０とセルフレーム１２０との間の隙間を所定の大きさに保つよう、両者の間に挿入された板状の部材である。スペーサ１３０は、セパレータ２２０とセルフレーム１２０との間における燃料ガスの流れ、及び空気の流れを妨げることの無いように、上面視において酸素極や燃料ガス穴１２１等を避ける位置に設けられている。本実施形態では、スペーサ１３０はセラミックスにより形成されている。 A spacer 130 is arranged between the oxygen frame side (lower surface side in FIG. 1) of the single cell 110 of the separator 220 and the cell frame 120. Like the spacer 230, the spacer 130 is a plate-shaped member inserted between the separator 220 and the cell frame 120 so as to maintain a predetermined gap therebetween. The spacer 130 is provided at a position avoiding the oxygen electrode, the fuel gas hole 121, and the like in a top view so as not to hinder the flow of fuel gas and the flow of air between the separator 220 and the cell frame 120. .. In this embodiment, the spacer 130 is made of ceramics.

また、ガス流路Ａ１、Ａ３、Ａ４、Ａ６には、セルフレーム１２０（第１板材）とセパレータ２２０（第２板材）との間に形成され、セルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０との間の空隙層へガス流路を流れるガスが流出することを防止するためのガスシール部１４０が設けられている。なお、図１には、セルフレーム１２０の燃料ガス穴１２１と、セパレータ２２０の燃料ガス穴２２１との間のみにガスシール部１４０が図示されているが、実際には、セルフレーム１２０の燃料ガス穴１２１，１２２及び空気穴１２３，１２４と、セパレータ２２０の燃料ガス穴２２１，２２２及び空気穴２２３，２２４との間にそれぞれ設けられている。 In addition, in the gas flow paths A1, A3, A4, and A6, a gap layer is formed between the cell frame 120 (first plate member) and the separator 220 (second plate member), and is a void layer between the cell frame 120 and the separator 220. A gas seal portion 140 is provided to prevent the gas flowing through the gas flow path from flowing out. Although the gas seal portion 140 is shown only between the fuel gas hole 121 of the cell frame 120 and the fuel gas hole 221 of the separator 220 in FIG. 1, the fuel gas of the cell frame 120 is actually used. The holes 121 and 122 and the air holes 123 and 124 are provided between the fuel gas holes 221 and 222 and the air holes 223 and 224 of the separator 220, respectively.

ガスシール部１４０は、図２に示すように、積層方向に沿って、積層方向下側のセルフレーム１２０と当接するガラス部材１４１と、このガラス部材１４１と空隙層との隙間を塞ぎ、積層方向上側のセパレータ２２０と当接する塞ぎ部材１４２とが、積層されて形成される。ガラス部材１４１の上側に塞ぎ部材１４２が積層される構成をとる。 As shown in FIG. 2, the gas seal portion 140 closes the glass member 141 that comes into contact with the cell frame 120 on the lower side in the stacking direction along the stacking direction and the gap between the glass member 141 and the void layer, and stacks in the stacking direction. The closing member 142 that contacts the upper separator 220 is formed by stacking. The closing member 142 is laminated on the upper side of the glass member 141.

また、ガスシール部１４０は、ガラス部材１４１及び塞ぎ部材１４２の外周側に設けられ、セルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０との間の空隙層の高さを規定すると共に、セルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０との間を絶縁する高さ調整部材１４３，１４４を備える。高さ調整部材は、積層方向下側のセルフレーム１２０と当接する板状の第１部材１４３と、積層方向上側のセパレータ２２０と当接して第１部材１４３と積層される第２部材１４４と、を有する。本実施形態では、第１部材１４３が絶縁性材料（例えばマイカ）で形成されており、第２部材１４４は、絶縁性材料以外の材料（例えばステンレス）で形成されている。 Further, the gas seal portion 140 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the glass member 141 and the closing member 142, and regulates the height of the void layer between the cell frame 120 and the separator 220, and at the same time, defines the gap between the cell frame 120 and the separator 220. Height adjusting members 143 and 144 for insulating the spaces are provided. The height adjusting member is a plate-shaped first member 143 that contacts the cell frame 120 on the lower side in the stacking direction, and a second member 144 that contacts the separator 220 on the upper side in the stacking direction and is stacked on the first member 143. Have. In this embodiment, the first member 143 is made of an insulating material (for example, mica), and the second member 144 is made of a material other than the insulating material (for example, stainless steel).

また、第１部材１４３は、第２部材１４４に対して相対的に内周側（ガラス部材１４１側）に突出するよう配置されており、第１部材１４３のこの突出部分がストッパ１４５として機能する。したがって、ストッパ１４５は、第１部材１４３と同様に積層方向下側のセルフレーム１２０と当接し、積層方向に所定の厚さを有し、かつ、ガラス部材１４１側に突出して設けられる。 Further, the first member 143 is arranged so as to project relatively to the inner peripheral side (the glass member 141 side) with respect to the second member 144, and this projecting portion of the first member 143 functions as the stopper 145. .. Therefore, the stopper 145 contacts the cell frame 120 on the lower side in the stacking direction similarly to the first member 143, has a predetermined thickness in the stacking direction, and is provided so as to project toward the glass member 141 side.

本実施形態では、塞ぎ部材１４２は、ガラス部材１４１の軟化収縮に伴い積層方向に膨張し、かつ、シール性をもつ膨張材料で形成される。塞ぎ部材１４２は、焼成時に変形した後に、高さ調整部材のストッパ１４５に突き当たって、セルフレーム１２０側への増大が規制されるように形成される。 In the present embodiment, the closing member 142 is formed of an expansion material that expands in the stacking direction as the glass member 141 softens and shrinks and has a sealing property. The closing member 142 is formed so that after it is deformed during firing, it abuts against the stopper 145 of the height adjusting member, and its increase toward the cell frame 120 side is restricted.

なお、高さ調整部材１４３，１４４は、セルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０との間を絶縁できればよく、第２部材１４４が絶縁性材料で形成され、第１部材１４３は絶縁性材料以外で形成される構成でもよいし、第１部材１４３及び第２部材１４４の両方が絶縁性材料で形成されてもよい。また、第１部材１４３と第２部材１４４とを積層した形状を一体的な部材で形成して高さ調整部材として用いることもできる。 The height adjusting members 143 and 144 only need to be able to insulate between the cell frame 120 and the separator 220, the second member 144 is made of an insulating material, and the first member 143 is made of a material other than an insulating material. Alternatively, both the first member 143 and the second member 144 may be made of an insulating material. Further, the shape in which the first member 143 and the second member 144 are laminated may be formed as an integral member and used as a height adjusting member.

また、高さ調整部材１４３，１４４による絶縁機能は、ガスシール部１４０が空気層（空気が単セル１１０の酸素極の上方側を矢印Ａ５の向きに流れる階層）に形成されるときに必須である。しかし、ガスシール部１４０が、燃料層（燃料ガスが単セル１１０の燃料極の下方側を矢印Ａ２の向きに流れる階層）に形成される場合には、高さ調整部材１４３，１４４の絶縁機能は必須ではなく、第１部材１４３及び第２部材１４４が共に絶縁性材料以外で形成されてもよいし、または、高さ調整部材１４３，１４４自体を設けない構成としてもよい。 The insulating function of the height adjusting members 143 and 144 is essential when the gas seal portion 140 is formed in an air layer (a layer in which air flows in the direction of arrow A5 above the oxygen electrode of the single cell 110). is there. However, when the gas seal portion 140 is formed in the fuel layer (the layer in which the fuel gas flows in the direction below the fuel electrode of the unit cell 110 in the direction of arrow A2), the insulating function of the height adjusting members 143 and 144 is high. Is not essential, and both the first member 143 and the second member 144 may be formed of a material other than an insulating material, or the height adjusting members 143 and 144 themselves may not be provided.

図２及び図３を参照して、ガスシール部１４０の製造方法について説明する。ガスシール部１４０は、積層体を焼成処理することによって形成される。焼成処理では、積層方向に荷重をかけ続けられながら、ガラスが軟化する８００℃程度まで積層体が加熱される。焼成前の段階では、図３に示すように、積層体を組み立てた状態で、セルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０との間隙にガラス部材１４１と塞ぎ部材１４２とが積層方向に直列に挿入される（積層ステップ）。このとき、塞ぎ部材１４２は、セパレータ２２０と接着されており、セパレータ２２０と塞ぎ部材１４２との間のみシールされた状態となっている。また、この間隙に高さ調整部材の第１部材１４３及び第２部材１４４も積層方向に直列に配列されて挿入される。第１部材１４３は、ストッパ１４５が塞ぎ部材１４２の端面と対向するように、第２配置に対して相対的に内側（ガラス部材１４１側）突出して配置される。このとき、セルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０とは、高さ調整部材１４３，１４４によって支持されている。この状態で積層体が焼成される（焼成ステップ）。 A method for manufacturing the gas seal portion 140 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. The gas seal portion 140 is formed by baking the laminated body. In the firing process, the laminated body is heated to about 800° C. at which the glass is softened while a load is continuously applied in the laminating direction. At the stage before firing, as shown in FIG. 3, the glass member 141 and the closing member 142 are inserted in series in the stacking direction in the gap between the cell frame 120 and the separator 220 in the assembled state of the stack (stacking). Step). At this time, the closing member 142 is bonded to the separator 220, and only the separator 220 and the closing member 142 are sealed. Further, the first member 143 and the second member 144 of the height adjusting member are also arranged and inserted in series in the stacking direction in the gap. The first member 143 is arranged so as to project inward (toward the glass member 141) relative to the second arrangement so that the stopper 145 faces the end surface of the closing member 142. At this time, the cell frame 120 and the separator 220 are supported by the height adjusting members 143 and 144. The laminated body is fired in this state (firing step).

焼成処理の過程では、ガラス部材１４１が高温により軟化して、図３に矢印で示すように積層方向下側に向けて収縮しながら結晶化してゆく。その結果、図２に示すように縮小して緻密化され、シール機能を発揮できる状態に遷移する。また、塞ぎ部材１４２は、このようなガラス部材１４１の収縮に合わせて高温により膨張し、ガラス部材１４１を収縮方向に加圧する。塞ぎ部材１４２は、ガラス部材の収縮変形に追従するように、図３に矢印で示すように積層方向下側に向けてストッパ１４５と突き当たるまでセルフレーム１２０側に膨張する。この結果、図２に示すようなガスシール部１４０が形成される（形成ステップ）。 During the firing process, the glass member 141 is softened by the high temperature and crystallizes while shrinking downward in the stacking direction as shown by the arrow in FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the state is reduced and densified, and the state transitions to a state where the sealing function can be exhibited. Further, the closing member 142 expands at high temperature in accordance with the contraction of the glass member 141, and presses the glass member 141 in the contracting direction. The closing member 142 expands toward the cell frame 120 side toward the lower side in the stacking direction until it abuts the stopper 145, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 3, so as to follow the contracting deformation of the glass member. As a result, the gas seal portion 140 as shown in FIG. 2 is formed (forming step).

次に本実施形態に係る燃料電池１０の効果について説明する。本実施形態の燃料電池１０は、複数の平板型の単セル１１０を積層してなる積層体と、積層体の積層方向に沿って形成され、複数の単セル１１０のそれぞれに供給する燃料ガス及び酸化剤ガスのいずれか一方が流れるガス流路Ａ１，Ａ３，Ａ４，Ａ６と、ガス流路Ａ１，Ａ３，Ａ４，Ａ６において、積層体のうちの隣接するセルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０との間に形成され、セルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０との間の空隙層へガス流路Ａ１，Ａ３，Ａ４，Ａ６を流れるガスが流出することを防止するためのガスシール部１４０と、を備える。ガスシール部１４０は、積層方向に沿って、セルフレーム１２０と当接するガラス部材１４１と、このガラス部材１４１と空隙層との隙間を塞ぎ、セパレータ２２０と当接する塞ぎ部材１４２と、が積層されて形成される。 Next, effects of the fuel cell 10 according to this embodiment will be described. The fuel cell 10 of the present embodiment includes a stacked body formed by stacking a plurality of flat plate type single cells 110, a fuel gas formed along the stacking direction of the stacked body, and a fuel gas supplied to each of the plurality of single cells 110. In the gas flow paths A1, A3, A4, A6 through which any one of the oxidant gases flows, and between the adjacent cell frame 120 and the separator 220 of the stacked body in the gas flow paths A1, A3, A4, A6. And a gas seal portion 140 for preventing the gas flowing through the gas flow paths A1, A3, A4, A6 from flowing out to the void layer formed between the cell frame 120 and the separator 220. The gas seal portion 140 is formed by stacking a glass member 141 that contacts the cell frame 120 and a blocking member 142 that closes the gap between the glass member 141 and the void layer and contacts the separator 220 along the stacking direction. It is formed.

この構成により、焼成によってガスシール部１４０のガラス部材１４１が軟化収縮しても、これにより発生するセルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０との間の空隙層を塞ぎ部材１４２によって塞ぐことができる。これにより、ガスシール部１４０にシール機能を十分に発揮させることができる。また、塞ぎ部材１４２によってガラス部材１４１の収縮分を補完するので、焼成前後でガラス部材１４１と塞ぎ部材１４２の合計の高さ寸法が変わらないようにでき、セルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０と間の空隙層の高さを一定に維持できる。これにより、焼成によって積層体の各層のねじれや傾きなどの不具合を生じにくくすることができ、製品の精度を容易に向上させることができる。この結果、本実施形態の燃料電池１０は、シール機能を十分に発揮することができる共に、簡易かつ高精度に製造できる。 With this configuration, even if the glass member 141 of the gas seal portion 140 is softened and shrunk due to firing, the void layer between the cell frame 120 and the separator 220 generated thereby can be closed by the closing member 142. As a result, the gas seal portion 140 can sufficiently exhibit the sealing function. Further, since the shrinkage amount of the glass member 141 is complemented by the closing member 142, the total height dimension of the glass member 141 and the closing member 142 can be prevented from changing before and after firing, and the gap between the cell frame 120 and the separator 220 can be kept. The layer height can be kept constant. As a result, it is possible to prevent problems such as twist and inclination of each layer of the laminated body due to firing, and it is possible to easily improve the accuracy of the product. As a result, the fuel cell 10 of the present embodiment can sufficiently exhibit the sealing function and can be manufactured easily and with high accuracy.

また、本実施形態の燃料電池１０において、ガスシール部１４０は、ガラス部材１４１及び塞ぎ部材１４２の外周側に設けられ、セルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０との間の空隙層の高さを規定すると共に、セルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０との間を絶縁する高さ調整部材１４３，１４４を備える。 In addition, in the fuel cell 10 of the present embodiment, the gas seal portion 140 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the glass member 141 and the closing member 142, and defines the height of the void layer between the cell frame 120 and the separator 220. The height adjusting members 143 and 144 are provided to insulate the cell frame 120 and the separator 220 from each other.

この構成により、焼成により変形しない高さ調整部材１４３，１４４によってセルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０と間が支持されるので、焼成処理前の段階から焼成後のガスシール部１４０の最終的な積層方向高さを規定することができ、焼成前後で空隙層の高さの一定化をより一層安定して行うことができる。また、高さ調整部材１４３，１４４により、セルフレーム１２０とセパレータ２２０との間を絶縁できるので、ガスシール部１４０に絶縁機能も発揮させることができる。 With this configuration, since the height adjustment members 143 and 144 that are not deformed by firing support the space between the cell frame 120 and the separator 220, the final stacking direction height of the gas seal portion 140 from the stage before the firing process to the stage after the firing process. The height can be regulated, and the height of the void layer can be made more stable before and after firing. Moreover, since the height adjustment members 143 and 144 can insulate the cell frame 120 and the separator 220, the gas seal part 140 can also exhibit an insulating function.

また、本実施形態の燃料電池１０において、塞ぎ部材１４２は、積層体の焼成時に、ガラス部材１４１の軟化収縮に伴い積層方向の寸法が増大して、ガラス部材１４１との合計の積層方向寸法が焼成前後で同一となるよう変形する特性を有する。 Further, in the fuel cell 10 of the present embodiment, the size of the closing member 142 in the stacking direction increases due to the softening and shrinking of the glass member 141 during firing of the stacked body, so that the total size in the stacking direction with the glass member 141 is increased. It has the property of deforming to be the same before and after firing.

この構成により、より一層確実に焼成前後でガラス部材１４１と塞ぎ部材１４２との合計の高さを一定に保つことができ、加工精度を向上できる。 With this configuration, the total height of the glass member 141 and the closing member 142 can be kept constant before and after firing more reliably, and the processing accuracy can be improved.

また、本実施形態の燃料電池１０において、高さ調整部材は、セルフレーム１２０と当接し、積層方向に所定の厚さを有し、かつ、ガラス部材１４１側に突出して設けられるストッパ１４５を有する。塞ぎ部材１４２は、焼成時に変形した後にストッパ１４５に突き当たって、セルフレーム１２０側への増大が規制されるように形成される。 Further, in the fuel cell 10 of the present embodiment, the height adjusting member is in contact with the cell frame 120, has a predetermined thickness in the stacking direction, and has the stopper 145 provided so as to project toward the glass member 141 side. .. The closing member 142 is formed so as to abut against the stopper 145 after being deformed at the time of firing, and the increase toward the cell frame 120 side is restricted.

この構成により、塞ぎ部材１４２の過度の膨張を防止でき、また、ガラス部材１４１の最低限の領域を確実に確保できるので、シール機能をより確実にできる。 With this configuration, excessive expansion of the closing member 142 can be prevented, and the minimum area of the glass member 141 can be reliably ensured, so that the sealing function can be made more reliable.

また、本実施形態の燃料電池１０において、高さ調整部材が、セルフレーム１２０と当接してストッパ１４５を含む第１部材１４３と、セパレータ２２０と当接して第１部材１４３と積層される第２部材１４４と、を有し、第１部材１４３が絶縁性材料で形成される。 Further, in the fuel cell 10 of the present embodiment, the height adjusting member is laminated on the first member 143 which is in contact with the cell frame 120 and includes the stopper 145, and is in contact with the separator 220 and which is laminated with the first member 143. And a member 144, and the first member 143 is formed of an insulating material.

この構成により、高さ調整部材が第１部材１４３と第２部材１４４の２部材で構成されるので、高さ調整部材の配置や形状の自由度を向上できる。また、高さ調整部材のうち第１部材のみが絶縁性材料で形成されるので、絶縁性材料の割合を少なくでき、低コスト化を図ることができる。 With this configuration, since the height adjusting member is composed of the first member 143 and the second member 144, the degree of freedom in arrangement and shape of the height adjusting member can be improved. Further, since only the first member of the height adjusting member is made of the insulating material, the ratio of the insulating material can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.

また、本実施形態の燃料電池１０において、塞ぎ部材１４２は、ガラス部材１４１の軟化収縮に伴い積層方向に膨張し、かつ、シール性をもつ膨張材料で形成される。 In addition, in the fuel cell 10 of the present embodiment, the closing member 142 is formed of an expanding material that expands in the stacking direction as the glass member 141 softens and shrinks and has a sealing property.

この構成により、膨張材料を空隙層に挿入して焼成を行うことで、塞ぎ部材１４２を簡易に製造できる。 With this configuration, the closing member 142 can be easily manufactured by inserting the expansion material into the void layer and performing firing.

［変形例］
図４及び図５を参照して変形例を説明する。上記実施形態では、塞ぎ部材１４２として膨張材料を適用する構成を例示したが、ガラス部材１４１と空隙層との隙間を封止することができれば塞ぎ部材は他の形態としてもよい。例えば図４に示すように、ガスシール部１４０Ａにおいて、膨張材料１４２Ａと、この膨張材料１４２Ａを積層方向両側から挟持する接続部材１４２Ｂとを組み合わせて、塞ぎ部材として用いる構成としてもよい。 [Modification]
A modified example will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the expansive material is applied as the closing member 142 is illustrated, but the closing member may have another form as long as the gap between the glass member 141 and the void layer can be sealed. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, in the gas seal portion 140A, the expansive material 142A and the connecting members 142B that sandwich the expansive material 142A from both sides in the stacking direction may be combined and used as a closing member.

膨張材料１４２Ａは、ガラス部材１４１の軟化収縮に伴い積層方向に膨張する性質をもつ材料であればよく、この構成の場合には上記実施形態の塞ぎ部材１４２と異なり材料自体にシール性は要しない。このような膨張材料１４２Ａとしては、例えばインタラムマットが挙げられる。 The expansion material 142A may be any material that has the property of expanding in the stacking direction as the glass member 141 softens and shrinks. In this configuration, unlike the closing member 142 of the above-described embodiment, the material itself does not require sealing properties. .. An example of such an expandable material 142A is an interram mat.

接続部材１４２Ｂは、膨張材料１４２Ａとガラス部材１４１との間に介在する第１平面部１４２Ｅと、膨張材料１４２Ａとセパレータ２２０との間に介在する第２平面部１４２Ｃと、第１平面部１４２Ｅ及び第２平面部１４２Ｃを外周側から連結し、膨張材料１４２Ａの膨張に伴いセルフレーム１２０側に伸長する箔バネ部１４２Ｄとから成る。接続部材１４２Ｂは、例えばステンレスで形成される。接続部材１４２Ｂは、積層方向下側にて第１平面部１４２Ｅがガラス部材１４１と接着され、また、積層方向上側にて第２平面部１４２Ｃがセパレータ２２０と溶接などによって接着されており、これにより塞ぎ部材のシール性が担保されている。 The connecting member 142B includes a first flat surface portion 142E interposed between the expansion material 142A and the glass member 141, a second flat surface portion 142C interposed between the expansion material 142A and the separator 220, a first flat surface portion 142E, and The second flat surface portion 142C is connected from the outer peripheral side and includes a foil spring portion 142D that extends toward the cell frame 120 side as the expansion material 142A expands. The connection member 142B is made of, for example, stainless steel. In the connection member 142B, the first flat surface portion 142E is bonded to the glass member 141 on the lower side in the stacking direction, and the second flat surface portion 142C is bonded to the separator 220 on the upper side in the stacking direction by welding or the like. The sealing property of the closing member is secured.

また、この構成では、高さ調整部材のうち上記実施形態の第１部材１４３に相当する要素として、上記実施形態の第１部材１４３と同様に第２部材１４４が積層される外周側部材１４３Ａと、ガラス部材１４１より内周側に配置され箔バネ部１４２Ｄが積層される内周側部材１４３Ｂとを備える。外周側部材１４３Ａの内周側端部は、図４に示すように接続部材１４２Ｂの第１平面部１４２Ｅと当接するストッパとして機能している。外周側部材１４３Ａ及び内周側部材１４３Ｂは、上記実施形態の第１部材１４３と同様に絶縁性材料（例えばマイカ）で形成されている。 Further, in this configuration, as an element corresponding to the first member 143 of the above-described embodiment in the height adjusting member, an outer peripheral member 143A in which the second member 144 is laminated similarly to the first member 143 of the above-described embodiment. And an inner peripheral member 143B arranged on the inner peripheral side of the glass member 141 and on which the foil spring portion 142D is laminated. The inner peripheral side end portion of the outer peripheral side member 143A functions as a stopper that comes into contact with the first flat surface portion 142E of the connection member 142B as shown in FIG. The outer peripheral side member 143A and the inner peripheral side member 143B are formed of an insulating material (for example, mica) like the first member 143 of the above embodiment.

この構成では、図５に示すように、焼成前には、ガラス部材１４１がセルフレーム１２０の上に載置され、ガラス部材１４１とセパレータ２２０との間の空隙層に接続部材１４２Ｂが箔バネ部１４２Ｄを圧縮した状態で収容され、さらに膨張材料１４２Ａが接続部材１４２Ｂの第１平面部と第２平面部との間に挟持される。このとき、接続部材１４２Ｂの第２平面部１４２Ｃは、セパレータ２２０と溶接などによって接着されており、セパレータ２２０と接続部材１４２Ｂとの間のみシールされた状態となっている。そして、焼成処理によって、ガラス部材１４１が収縮変形に合わせて膨張材料１４２Ａが熱膨張し、接続部材１４２Ｂの第１平面部１４２Ｅを介してガラス部材１４１を収縮方向に加圧する。また、膨張材料１４２Ａの膨張に応じて、接続部材１４２Ｂの箔バネ部１４２Ｄがセルフレーム１２０側に伸長して、第１平面部１４２Ｅが高さ調整部材の外周側部材１４３Ａと突き当たるまで押し下げる。この結果、図４に示すようなガスシール部１４０Ａが形成される。 In this configuration, as shown in FIG. 5, before firing, the glass member 141 is placed on the cell frame 120, and the connection member 142B is provided in the void layer between the glass member 141 and the separator 220. 142D is accommodated in a compressed state, and the expansion material 142A is further sandwiched between the first flat surface portion and the second flat surface portion of the connecting member 142B. At this time, the second plane portion 142C of the connecting member 142B is adhered to the separator 220 by welding or the like, and only the separator 220 and the connecting member 142B are sealed. Then, the expansion material 142A thermally expands in accordance with the contraction deformation of the glass member 141 by the firing process, and presses the glass member 141 in the contraction direction via the first flat surface portion 142E of the connection member 142B. Further, in response to the expansion of the expansion material 142A, the foil spring portion 142D of the connection member 142B extends toward the cell frame 120 side and pushes down until the first flat surface portion 142E abuts the outer peripheral side member 143A of the height adjusting member. As a result, the gas seal portion 140A as shown in FIG. 4 is formed.

上記実施形態の塞ぎ部材１４２は、この他にも、上記変形例の接続部材１４２Ｂのみを用いる構成や、焼成前に収縮した状態でガラス部材１４１とセパレータ２２０との間に収容され、ガラス部材１４１の軟化収縮に伴いセルフレーム１２０側に伸長する皿バネなどのバネ部材を適用する構成に置き換えることもできる。 In addition to this, the closing member 142 of the above-described embodiment is configured to use only the connecting member 142B of the above-described modification, or is housed between the glass member 141 and the separator 220 in a contracted state before firing, and the glass member 141 is included. It is also possible to replace with a configuration in which a spring member such as a disc spring that expands toward the cell frame 120 side due to the softening and contraction of is applied.

以上、具体例を参照しつつ本実施形態について説明した。しかし、本開示はこれらの具体例に限定されるものではない。これら具体例に、当業者が適宜設計変更を加えたものも、本開示の特徴を備えている限り、本開示の範囲に包含される。前述した各具体例が備える各要素およびその配置、条件、形状などは、例示したものに限定されるわけではなく適宜変更することができる。前述した各具体例が備える各要素は、技術的な矛盾が生じない限り、適宜組み合わせを変えることができる。 The present embodiment has been described above with reference to specific examples. However, the present disclosure is not limited to these specific examples. Those obtained by those skilled in the art who make appropriate design changes to these specific examples are also included in the scope of the present disclosure as long as they have the features of the present disclosure. The elements provided in each of the specific examples described above and the arrangement, conditions, shapes, and the like of the elements are not limited to those illustrated, but can be changed as appropriate. The respective elements included in the above-described specific examples can be appropriately combined as long as there is no technical contradiction.

上記実施形態では、図２などに、下方の第１板材としてセルフレーム１２０が配置され、上方の第２板材としてセパレータ２２０が配置され、これらの板材の間にガスシール部１４０が形成される構成を例示したが、これとは逆に、下方の第１板材としてセパレータ２２０が配置され、上方の第２板材としてセルフレーム１２０が配置される構成としてもよい。また、第１板材と第２板材は、セルフレーム１２０やセパレータ２２０以外の部材を適用してもよい。 In the above embodiment, the cell frame 120 is arranged as the lower first plate member, the separator 220 is arranged as the upper second plate member, and the gas seal portion 140 is formed between these plate members in FIG. 2 and the like. However, conversely, the separator 220 may be arranged as the lower first plate member and the cell frame 120 may be arranged as the upper second plate member. Further, as the first plate material and the second plate material, members other than the cell frame 120 and the separator 220 may be applied.

１０：燃料電池
１１０：単セル（燃料電池セル）
１２０：セルフレーム（第１板材）
１４０，１４０Ａ：ガスシール部
１４１：ガラス部材
１４２：塞ぎ部材
１４２Ａ：膨張材料（塞ぎ部材）
１４２Ｂ：接続部材（塞ぎ部材）
１４３，１４３Ａ，１４３Ｂ，１４４：高さ調整部材
１４５：ストッパ
２２０：セパレータ（第２板材）
Ａ１，Ａ３，Ａ４，Ａ６：ガス流路 10: Fuel cell 110: Single cell (fuel cell)
120: Cell frame (first plate material)
140, 140A: Gas seal part 141: Glass member 142: Closing member 142A: Expansion material (closing member)
142B: Connection member (blocking member)
143, 143A, 143B, 144: Height adjusting member 145: Stopper 220: Separator (second plate material)
A1, A3, A4, A6: Gas flow path

Claims (8)

複数の平板型の燃料電池セル（１１０）を積層してなる積層体と、
前記積層体の積層方向に沿って形成され、複数の燃料電池セルのそれぞれに供給する燃料ガス及び酸化剤ガスのいずれか一方が流れるガス流路（Ａ１，Ａ３，Ａ４，Ａ６）と、
前記ガス流路において、前記積層体のうちの隣接する第１板材（１２０）と第２板材（２２０）との間に形成され、前記第１板材と前記第２板材との間の空隙層へ前記ガス流路を流れるガスが流出することを防止するためのガスシール部（１４０，１４０Ａ）と、
を備え、
前記ガスシール部は、
前記積層方向に沿って、前記第１板材と当接するガラス部材（１４１）と、前記ガラス部材と前記空隙層との隙間を塞ぎ、前記第２板材と当接する塞ぎ部材（１４２，１４２Ａ，１４２Ｂ）と、が積層されて形成されると共に、
前記ガラス部材及び前記塞ぎ部材の外周側に設けられ、前記第１板材と前記第２板材との間の空隙層の高さを規定すると共に、前記第１板材と前記第２板材との間を絶縁する高さ調整部材（１４３，１４３Ａ，１４３Ｂ，１４４）を備える、
燃料電池（１０）。 A laminated body formed by laminating a plurality of flat plate type fuel battery cells (110);
A gas flow path (A1, A3, A4, A6) which is formed along the stacking direction of the stack and through which one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas supplied to each of the plurality of fuel cells flows.
In the gas flow path, between the first plate member (120) and the second plate member (220) adjacent to each other in the laminated body, the gap layer between the first plate member and the second plate member is formed. A gas seal portion (140, 140A) for preventing the gas flowing through the gas passage from flowing out;
Equipped with
The gas seal part,
A glass member (141) that comes into contact with the first plate member and a closing member (142, 142A, 142B) that comes into contact with the second plate member and closes the gap between the glass member and the void layer along the stacking direction. When, with is formed by stacking,
It is provided on the outer peripheral side of the glass member and the closing member and defines the height of the void layer between the first plate member and the second plate member, and between the first plate member and the second plate member. A height adjusting member (143, 143A, 143B, 144) for insulation is provided,
Fuel cell (10). 前記塞ぎ部材は、前記積層体の焼成時に、前記ガラス部材の軟化収縮に伴い前記積層方向の寸法が増大して、前記ガラス部材との合計の積層方向寸法が焼成前後で同一となるよう変形する特性を有する、
請求項１に記載の燃料電池。 When the laminated body is fired, the closing member is deformed so that the dimension in the laminating direction increases as the glass member softens and shrinks, and the total dimension in the laminating direction with the glass member becomes the same before and after firing. Have characteristics,
The fuel cell according to claim 1 . 前記高さ調整部材は、前記第１板材と当接し、積層方向に所定の厚さを有し、かつ、前記ガラス部材側に突出して設けられるストッパ（１４５）を有し、
前記塞ぎ部材は、焼成時に変形した後に前記ストッパに突き当たって、前記第１板材側への増大が規制されるように形成される、
請求項２に記載の燃料電池。 The height adjusting member is in contact with the first plate member, has a predetermined thickness in the stacking direction, and has a stopper (145) provided so as to project toward the glass member,
The closing member is formed so as to abut against the stopper after being deformed at the time of firing, and its increase toward the first plate material side is restricted.
The fuel cell according to claim 2 . 前記高さ調整部材が、前記第１板材と当接して前記ストッパを含む第１部材（１４３）と、前記第２板材と当接して前記第１部材と積層される第２部材（１４４）と、を有し、前記第１部材及び前記第２部材の少なくとも一方が絶縁性材料で形成される、
請求項３に記載の燃料電池。 A first member (143) in which the height adjusting member comes into contact with the first plate member and includes the stopper; and a second member (144) in contact with the second plate member and stacked with the first member. , And at least one of the first member and the second member is formed of an insulating material.
The fuel cell according to claim 3 . 前記塞ぎ部材（１４２）は、前記ガラス部材の軟化収縮に伴い前記積層方向に膨張し、かつ、シール性をもつ膨張材料で形成される、
請求項２〜４のいずれか１項に記載の燃料電池。 The closing member (142) is formed of an expansion material that expands in the stacking direction as the glass member softens and shrinks and has a sealing property.
The fuel cell according to any one of claims 2 to 4 . 前記塞ぎ部材は、
前記ガラス部材の軟化収縮に伴い前記積層方向に膨張する膨張材料（１４２Ａ）と、
前記膨張材料と前記ガラス部材との間に介在する第１平面部と、前記膨張材料と前記第２板材との間に介在する第２平面部と、前記第１平面部及び前記第２平面部を外周側から連結し、前記膨張材料の膨張に伴い前記第１板材側に伸長する箔バネ部とからなる接続部材（１４２Ｂ）と、
を有する、
請求項２〜４のいずれか１項に記載の燃料電池。 The closing member is
An expansive material (142A) that expands in the laminating direction as the glass member softens and shrinks;
A first flat surface portion interposed between the expansion material and the glass member, a second flat surface portion interposed between the expansion material and the second plate member, the first flat surface portion and the second flat surface portion. A connecting member (142B), which is composed of a foil spring portion that is connected to the outer peripheral side and extends toward the first plate material side as the expansion material expands,
Have
The fuel cell according to any one of claims 2 to 4 . 前記塞ぎ部材は、
焼成前に収縮した状態で前記ガラス部材と前記第２板材との間に収容され、前記ガラス部材の軟化収縮に伴い前記第１板材側に伸長するバネ部材からなる、
請求項２〜４のいずれか１項に記載の燃料電池。 The closing member is
A spring member, which is housed between the glass member and the second plate member in a contracted state before firing, and extends toward the first plate member side with softening and contraction of the glass member,
The fuel cell according to any one of claims 2 to 4 . 複数の平板型の燃料電池セル（１１０）を積層してなる積層体と、
前記積層体の積層方向に沿って形成され、複数の燃料電池セルのそれぞれに供給する燃料ガス及び酸化剤ガスのいずれか一方が流れるガス流路（Ａ１，Ａ３，Ａ４，Ａ６）と、
前記ガス流路において、前記積層体のうちの隣接する第１板材（１２０）と第２板材（２２０）との間に形成され、前記第１板材と前記第２板材との間の空隙層へ前記ガス流路を流れるガスが流出することを防止するためのガスシール部（１４０，１４０Ａ）と、を備える燃料電池（１０）の製造方法であって、
前記積層方向に沿って、前記第１板材と当接するガラス部材（１４１）と、前記ガラス部材と前記空隙層との隙間を塞ぎ、前記第２板材と当接する塞ぎ部材（１４２，１４２Ａ，１４２Ｂ）と、を積層する積層ステップと、
前記積層体を焼成する焼成ステップと、
前記焼成ステップの結果、前記ガラス部材が軟化収縮すると共に、前記塞ぎ部材の前記積層方向の寸法が増大して、前記ガラス部材と前記塞ぎ部材の合計の積層方向寸法が焼成前後で同一となるよう変形して、前記ガスシール部を形成する形成ステップと、
を含む、燃料電池の製造方法。 A laminated body formed by laminating a plurality of flat plate type fuel battery cells (110);
A gas flow path (A1, A3, A4, A6) which is formed along the stacking direction of the stack and through which one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas supplied to each of the plurality of fuel cells flows.
In the gas flow path, between the first plate member (120) and the second plate member (220) adjacent to each other in the laminated body, the gap layer between the first plate member and the second plate member is formed. A method of manufacturing a fuel cell (10), comprising: a gas seal part (140, 140A) for preventing the gas flowing through the gas channel from flowing out,
A glass member (141) that comes into contact with the first plate member and a closing member (142, 142A, 142B) that comes into contact with the second plate member and closes the gap between the glass member and the void layer along the stacking direction. And a laminating step of laminating,
A firing step of firing the laminate,
As a result of the firing step, the glass member softens and shrinks, and the dimension of the closing member in the stacking direction increases, so that the total dimension of the glass member and the closing member in the stacking direction becomes the same before and after firing. A forming step of deforming to form the gas seal portion;
A method of manufacturing a fuel cell, comprising:
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