JP6721885B2 - Grafting equipment - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、挿し接ぎ方による苗の接ぎ木装置に関するものである。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a grafting device for seedlings by a cutting and grafting method.
従来より、苗の接ぎ木装置・ロボットの開発・商品化は進められてきていたが、いずれも切り接ぎ方であって台木苗及び穂木苗共に斜めにカットし、両カット面をクリップやチューブ等で接合する方式であった。接ぎ木とは、一般に、植物の成長性の高い一部を切り離して、別の植物とつなぎ合わせ新しい植物にする技術を言う。接ぎ木は、台木と穂木苗、双方の性質の長所を持ち合わせた植物を作成することができる。 Conventionally, seedling grafting devices and robots have been developed and commercialized, but both are cutting and joining methods, both rootstock seedlings and scion seedlings are cut diagonally, and both cut surfaces are clipped or tubed. It was the method of joining by etc. Grafting generally refers to a technique in which a part of a plant with high growth potential is separated and joined to another plant to form a new plant. Grafts can be used as rootstocks and scion seedlings, which have the advantages of both properties.
また、この技術を使用して、老化した根を切り、若く強い根を再生させて断根接ぎ木苗とすることで、連作障害や病害虫に強く生産性に優れた育てやすい苗を作ることができる。例えば接ぎ木により生成されたキュウリ、茄子、その他の野菜類は、病気に強く、良好な果実を得ることができると言うことが広く知られている。 Further, by using this technique, aged roots are cut and young and strong roots are regenerated to form root-root grafted seedlings, whereby seedlings that are resistant to continuous cropping damage and pests and have excellent productivity can be produced. For example, it is widely known that cucumber, eggplant, and other vegetables produced by grafting are resistant to disease and can produce good fruits.
従来の接ぎ木方法は、まず、台木の一対の子葉の間に必要最小限の小さな穴をあける。次いで、穂木苗の茎の先端を斜めに尖らせた形状に切断し、台木苗の穴に挿し込んで、固定させ、異なる植物を活着させる方法である。この方法は、ウリ科の苗に頻繁に利用される。このような接ぎ木方法については従来から提案されている。例えば、特許文献１は活着率の高い断根接ぎ苗の挿し接ぎ方法を記載する。しかしながらこの方法は、作業者の手作業で行うことが前提であり機械化、自動化という生産性は考慮されていないという問題点があった。 In the conventional grafting method, first, a minimum required small hole is made between a pair of cotyledons of the rootstock. Then, a method is used in which the tip of the stem of the scion seedling is cut into a shape that is obliquely sharpened, inserted into the hole of the rootstock seedling, fixed, and a different plant is attached. This method is frequently used for Cucurbitaceae seedlings. Conventionally, such a grafting method has been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a method for inserting and rooting root-root grafted seedlings having a high survival rate. However, this method has a problem that it is premised on manual work by an operator, and productivity such as mechanization and automation is not taken into consideration.
さらに近年、農業就労者の高齢化が進み、ますます接ぎ木を行うための熟練者が減少するため、できるだけ人手に頼ることなく、接ぎ木を効率的に行うことが必要とされていた。 Further, in recent years, the number of skilled workers for performing grafting has decreased with the aging of agricultural workers, and it has been necessary to carry out grafting efficiently without resorting to human labor as much as possible.
本発明は、活着率の高い接ぎ苗を自動で生産できる接ぎ木装置を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a grafting device capable of automatically producing grafted seedlings having a high survival rate.
本発明によれば、
台木苗に穂木苗を挿し接ぎするための接ぎ木装置であって、
台木苗が上を向くように縦方向に保持し、前記台木苗に接ぎ木のための穴を開ける位置および台木苗に穂木苗を差し込む位置に位置決めする、ターンテーブル手段と、
前記台木苗の所定の位置に前記穂木苗を差し込むための穴を開けるための接ぎ木棒を可動に保持する台木苗穴開け手段と、
前記穂木苗の茎を所定の角度に切断し、前記台木苗の穴に前記穂木苗を差し込んで接ぎ木する、穂木苗差し込み手段と
を備える接ぎ木装置が提供できる。
According to the invention,
A grafting device for inserting and grafting scion seedlings on rootstock seedlings,
Rootstock seedlings are held in the vertical direction so as to face upwards , and the turntable means is positioned at a position where a hole for grafting is formed in the rootstock seedling and a position where the spikelet seedling is inserted into the rootstock seedling, and a turntable means,
Rootstock seedling drilling means for movably holding a grafting bar for drilling a hole for inserting the scion seedling in a predetermined position of the rootstock seedling,
It is possible to provide a grafting device comprising a scion seedling inserting means for cutting the stem of the scion seedling at a predetermined angle and inserting the scion seedling into the hole of the rootstock seedling for grafting.
本発明によれば、人手に頼ることなく、接ぎ木を効率的に行うことで、活着率の高い接ぎ苗を自動で生産できる接ぎ木装置を提供することが可能となる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a grafting device capable of automatically producing grafted seedlings having a high survival rate by performing grafting efficiently without relying on manpower.
以下に本実施形態の接ぎ木装置１を詳細に説明する。図１は、接ぎ木装置１の平面図である。図１に示す接ぎ木装置１は、ターンテーブル・ユニット２０、台木穴あけユニット３０、および穂木苗差し込みユニット４０の３つのユニットとして構成される。ターンテーブル・ユニット２０は、本実施形態においてはターンテーブル手段を構成し、接ぎ木用ダイ２と、回転部材３とから構成され、接ぎ木用ダイ２が、回転部材３により、回転可能に保持されている。回転部材３は、パルスモータ駆動により数値入力で９０°づつ回転される。またターンテーブル・ユニット２０の接ぎ木用ダイ２の上には４か所、台木苗Ｄを保持するための台木苗ガイド部材４、台木苗把持部材５、ロータリジョイント６が備えられている。 The grafting device 1 of this embodiment will be described below in detail. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the grafting device 1. The grafting device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is configured as three units of a turntable unit 20, a rootstock drilling unit 30, and a scion seedling insertion unit 40. The turntable unit 20 constitutes a turntable means in the present embodiment, and comprises a grafting die 2 and a rotating member 3, and the grafting die 2 is rotatably held by the rotating member 3. There is. The rotary member 3 is rotated by 90° by numerical input by driving the pulse motor. Further, on the grafting die 2 of the turntable unit 20, there are provided four places, a rootstock seedling guide member 4 for holding the rootstock seedling D, a rootstock seedling holding member 5, and a rotary joint 6. ..
台木穴あけユニット３０と、穂木苗差し込みユニット４０とは、それぞれ本実施形態における台木苗穴開け手段および穂木苗差し込み手段を構成する。これらのユニット３０、４０は、ターンテーブル・ユニット２０の周りに、約９０°の角度で配置されている。各ユニットが配置されていない残りの２か所は、作業者が台木を台木苗把持部材５に装着を可能とし、接ぎ木を台木苗把持部材５の位置で取り出すことが可能な空間を提供する。 The rootstock drilling unit 30 and the scion seedling insertion unit 40 respectively constitute the rootstock seedling drilling means and the scion seedling inserting means in the present embodiment. These units 30, 40 are arranged around the turntable unit 20 at an angle of about 90°. In the remaining two places where each unit is not arranged, an operator can attach the rootstock to the rootstock seedling holding member 5 and a space where the graft can be taken out at the position of the rootstock seedling holding member 5. provide.
ターンテーブル・ユニット２０の外側に台木穴開け手段と穂木苗挿入手段を９０度に設置したことで、台木苗ガイド部材は４等配に設置した。回転テーブルはパルスモータにより数値入力で９０°づつ回転する。しかしこれは限定したことでは無く台木穴開け手段と穂木苗挿し接ぎ手段の設置角度と台木ガイドの設置数はこの限りでは無い。 By installing the rootstock drilling means and the scion seedling insertion means at 90 degrees on the outside of the turntable unit 20, the rootstock seedling guide members were installed in four equal intervals. The rotary table is rotated by 90° in numerical values by a pulse motor. However, this is not a limitation, and the installation angles of the root hole drilling means and the scion seedling inserting and joining means and the number of root guides are not limited to this.
図２は、本実施形態の接ぎ木装置１の概略的構成を、説明の目的のため、紙面上に、ターンテーブル・ユニット２０、台木苗穴開けユニット３０、穂木苗差し込みユニット４０を配置して示した図である。台木苗穴あけユニット３０は、エアシリンダで駆動されるスライド部材８と、接ぎ木棒１６とを含んで構成される。台木穴開けユニット３０は、台木苗把持部材５に把持された台木苗Ｄがその前方に位置決めされると、スライド部材８が動作され、接ぎ木棒１６を、台木苗Ｄの二葉の間の適切な箇所に斜めに差し込んで、穂木苗Ｐを差し込むための穴を生成させる。 FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of the grafting device 1 of the present embodiment. For the purpose of explanation, a turntable unit 20, a rootstock seedling drilling unit 30, and a scion seedling insertion unit 40 are arranged on a paper surface. FIG. The rootstock seedling drilling unit 30 is configured to include a slide member 8 driven by an air cylinder and a graft rod 16. In the rootstock punching unit 30, when the rootstock seedling D gripped by the rootstock seedling gripping member 5 is positioned in front of the rootstock seedling holding member 5, the slide member 8 is actuated to move the grafting stick 16 into two leaves of the rootstock seedling D. It inserts diagonally in the suitable place between, and produces the hole for inserting the scion seedling P.
台木穴開けユニット３０は、活着有効角度に傾斜させたスライド部材８に穴開け用の接ぎ木棒１６を取り付けた構成とされる。接ぎ木棒１６は、スライド部材８に動作に応じて下降することで台木に穴を開ける。穴の深さの調整は、スライド部材８のショック・アブソーバで微細に調整することができる。 The rootstock drilling unit 30 has a construction in which a grafting bar 16 for drilling is attached to a slide member 8 which is inclined at an effective living angle. The graft bar 16 lowers the slide member 8 in accordance with the operation to make a hole in the rootstock. The depth of the hole can be finely adjusted by the shock absorber of the slide member 8.
台木苗ガイド部材４は、エア駆動手段を使用して構成され、台木苗Ｄが、取り出し位置に来ると、エアノズルを含んで構成される駆動部材７（図示せず）を動作させて、台木苗ガイド部材４を開く。台木苗把持部材５は、エア部材として構成され、ロータリジョイント６を介し開閉を行う。 The rootstock seedling guide member 4 is configured by using an air driving means, and when the rootstock seedling D reaches the take-out position, it drives a driving member 7 (not shown) including an air nozzle, Open the rootstock seedling guide member 4. The rootstock seedling holding member 5 is configured as an air member and opens and closes via a rotary joint 6.
また穂木苗差し込みユニット４０は、穂木苗把持部材１０と、駆動部材１１と、穂木苗ガイド部材１２と、穂木苗茎受け部材１３と、穂木苗切断部材１４と、穂木苗挿入部材１５とを備えている。穂木苗ガイド部材１２は、穂木苗Ｐが接ぎ木のために正しい位置に配置されるように固定する。穂木苗茎受け部材１３は、穂木苗Ｐの茎を、１５〜４５°の所定の角度で切断する際に、茎を搖動させず、正確な角度で、きれいな切断面を形成させるように、穂木苗Ｐの茎を保持する。 Further, the scion seedling insertion unit 40 includes a scion seedling holding member 10, a driving member 11, a scion seedling guide member 12, a scion seedling stem receiving member 13, a scion seedling cutting member 14, and a scion seedling. And an insertion member 15. The scion seedling guide member 12 is fixed so that the scion seedling P is arranged in a correct position for grafting. When cutting the stem of the scion seedling P at a predetermined angle of 15 to 45°, the scion seedling receiving member 13 does not swing the stem and forms a clean cut surface at an accurate angle. , Hold the stem of the scion seedling P.
穂木苗切断部材１４は、コンパクトスライド部材に保持されており、穂木苗Ｐの茎を切断するためのカッターを備え、エアシリンダ駆動により、穂木苗Ｐが穂木苗茎受け部材１３に固定された後に、穂木苗Ｐの茎を所定の角度で切断する。穂木苗挿入部材１５は、駆動部材９，１１と協働して、接ぎ木用ダイ２が回転され、台木苗Ｄが、穂木苗差し込みユニット４０の前面の所定の位置に停止した場合に、穂木苗Ｐを、台木苗Ｄの開口部に差し込む。この差し込み動作により、穂木苗Ｐと、台木苗Ｄとの間が生理的接合面を与える配置に位置決めされる。 The scion seedling cutting member 14 is held by a compact slide member, includes a cutter for cutting the stem of the scion seedling P, and the scion seedling P is transferred to the scion seedling stem receiving member 13 by air cylinder drive. After being fixed, the stem of the scion seedling P is cut at a predetermined angle. In the case where the scion seedling insertion member 15 cooperates with the driving members 9 and 11 to rotate the grafting die 2 and the rootstock seedling D stops at a predetermined position on the front surface of the scion seedling insertion unit 40. , The scion seedling P is inserted into the opening of the rootstock seedling D. By this inserting operation, the scion seedling P and the rootstock seedling D are positioned so as to provide a physiological joint surface.
穂木苗差し込みユニット４０は、活着有効角度に傾斜させたエアシリンダなどの駆動部材９に、穂木苗把持部材１０と、穂木苗ガイド部材１２とにより、穂木苗Ｐの茎の形状を矯正しながら把持し、台木苗Ｄに挿し、接ぎ木する。駆動部材１１は、台木苗Ｄの穴直近までの移動速度、停止位置または穂木苗ガイド部材１２を退避させてからの挿し込み速度、挿し込み位置は数値入力で管理されている。 In the scion seedling insertion unit 40, the shape of the stem of the scion seedling P is formed by the scion seedling gripping member 10 and the scion seedling guide member 12 on the driving member 9 such as an air cylinder inclined at the effective rooting angle. Grasp while correcting, insert into rootstock seedling D, and graft. The drive member 11 has a moving speed up to a position closest to the rootstock seedling D, a stop position, or an inserting speed after retracting the scion seedling guide member 12, and an inserting position, which are managed by numerical input.
本実施形態で使用する台木苗は、かぼちゃの幼苗である。また、穂木苗とは、キュウリの幼苗である。その他、台木苗には夕顔の幼苗を使用し、穂木苗にスイカの幼苗を接ぎ木することもできるし、台木苗にはかぼちゃの幼苗を使用し、穂木苗には、メロンの幼苗を接ぎ木することも可能である。また本実施形態は、他の台木と穂木苗との組み合わせでも適用することができる。 The rootstock seedlings used in this embodiment are pumpkin seedlings. The scion seedling is a cucumber seedling. In addition, you can also use evening glory seedlings as rootstock seedlings, graft watermelon seedlings onto scion seedlings, use pumpkin seedlings as rootstock seedlings, and use melon seedlings as scion seedlings. It is also possible to graft. The present embodiment can also be applied to a combination of other rootstocks and scion seedlings.
図３は、本実施形態の台木苗ガイド部材４および台木苗把持部材５に台木苗Ｄが把持されるところを示した拡大図である。台木苗Ｄの茎の一部は、台木苗把持部材５に把持されているため破線で示す。台木苗Ｄの設置は、断根した台木苗から新芽を取り除き、接ぎ木用ダイ２の台木苗ガイド部材４に茎を子葉発生部まで差し込むことで、台木苗把持部材５に固定することで行う。台木苗ガイド部材４の直下に台木苗把持部材５を設置しているため、台木苗Ｄは、茎が垂直に把持されることになり、回転部材３で回転されても位置ズレしない。台木苗ガイド部材４は、台木苗の茎の太さにより交換することができる。台木苗把持部材５は、茎の直径φ２〜φ４まで兼用できる。 FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing that the rootstock seedling D is gripped by the rootstock seedling guide member 4 and the rootstock seedling gripping member 5 of the present embodiment. Since a part of the stem of the rootstock seedling D is gripped by the rootstock seedling gripping member 5, it is shown by a broken line. The rootstock seedling D is installed by fixing the rootstock seedling holding member 5 by removing shoots from the rooted rootstock seedling and inserting the stem into the rootstock seedling guide member 4 of the grafting die 2 to the cotyledon generation part. Done in. Since the rootstock seedling holding member 5 is installed directly below the rootstock seedling guide member 4, the rootstock seedling D has its stems vertically held and does not shift in position even when rotated by the rotating member 3. .. The rootstock seedling guide member 4 can be replaced depending on the thickness of the stem of the rootstock seedling. The rootstock seedling holding member 5 can also be used for stem diameters of φ2 to φ4.
図４は、本実施形態における台木苗Ｄに穴をあける場合の台木苗Ｄと、台木穴開けユニット３０との間の配置を示した図である。本実施形態では、台木苗Ｄとしたかぼちゃの茎は、中心が空洞になっており、穂木苗を垂直方向に接ぎ木しても活着せず空洞を通して穂木苗の根が生えてしまう。このため、本実施形態では、台木苗穴開けユニット３０を、台木苗Ｄに対して活着有効角度に傾斜させているのはそのためである。 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the arrangement between the rootstock seedling D and the rootstock drilling unit 30 when a hole is drilled in the rootstock seedling D in the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the stem of the pumpkin, which is the rootstock seedling D, has a hollow center, and even if the scion seedling is grafted in the vertical direction, it does not live and roots of the scion seedling grow through the hollow. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the rootstock seedling drilling unit 30 is inclined with respect to the rootstock seedling D at the effective rooting angle.
かぼちゃの茎の断面は、リング状であり、そのリング状の細胞の一部に穂木苗Ｐの茎を斜めに切断した細胞面をつなぎ合わせることで活着し育成していく。活着有効角度を今回は４０°に設定した。本実施形態では、装置条件、接ぎ木の種類に応じて他の活着有効角度を使用することもでき、挿し込みやすく、活着率が高く、活着後の育成が健全であれば傾斜角度は何度でも構わない。 The pumpkin stem has a ring-shaped cross section, and a part of the ring-shaped cells is connected to a cell surface obtained by obliquely cutting the stem of the scion seedling P to grow and grow. The effective survival angle was set to 40° this time. In the present embodiment, it is also possible to use other survival effective angle depending on the device conditions, the type of graft, easy to insert, the survival rate is high, if the growth after the survival is healthy, the inclination angle can be any number of times. I do not care.
図５は、本実施形態における穂木苗差し込みユニット４０の拡大平面図である。穂木苗差し込みユニット４０は、台木穴開けユニット３０により台木苗Ｄに形成した穴の組に対する角度に傾斜されている。断根した穂木苗Ｐは、穂木苗差し込みユニット４０の穂木苗把持部材１０と、穂木苗ガイド部材１２とを使用し、茎受けを通して穂木苗Ｐの茎を、穂木苗把持部材１０の上面に子葉発生部が接するまで差し込む。穂木苗把持部材１０の下部に穂木苗ガイド部材１２を設けたことで、茎の曲がりを矯正でき。良好な切断が可能となる。 FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of the scion seedling insertion unit 40 in the present embodiment. The scion seedling insertion unit 40 is inclined at an angle with respect to the set of holes formed in the rootstock seedling D by the rootstock drilling unit 30. The rooted scion seedling P uses the scion seedling holding member 10 of the scion seedling insertion unit 40 and the scion seedling guide member 12, and the stem of the scion seedling P is passed through the stem receiver to remove the scion seedling holding member. Insert until the cotyledon generating part contacts the upper surface of 10. By providing the scion seedling guide member 12 below the scion seedling holding member 10, the bending of the stem can be corrected. Good cutting is possible.
穂木苗Ｐの茎の切断は、茎を穂木苗把持部材１０で把持し、茎受けの直上側で紙面下方向から穂木苗切断部材１４が備えるカッター刃を侵入させることで行われる。カッター刃は、茎を、台木苗Ｄに穿孔した穴の角度に応じて活着有効角度に鋭利に切断する。穂木苗Ｐの活着有効切断角度は、本実施形態では２５°としたが、本実施形態では、穂木苗Ｐが挿し込みやすく、活着率が高く、活着後の育成が健全であれば切断角度は何度でも構わない。 The cutting of the stem of the scion seedling P is carried out by gripping the stem with the scion seedling gripping member 10 and allowing the cutter blade provided in the scion seedling cutting member 14 to invade from the lower side of the paper immediately above the stem receiver. The cutter blade sharply cuts the stem to an effective rooting angle according to the angle of the hole drilled in the rootstock seedling D. Although the effective cutting angle for rooting of the scion seedlings P is set to 25° in the present embodiment, in this embodiment, the scion seedlings P are easily inserted, the survival rate is high, and the cutting is performed if the growth after the rooting is healthy. The angle can be any number of times.
図６には、本実施形態における接ぎ木の活着面の構造を、活着部を拡大して示した図である。穂木苗Ｐは、その先端が約２５°に切断されている。また、台木苗Ｄは、台木苗穴開けユニット３０によって、およそ４０°の角度で穴が形成されている。穂木苗差し込みユニット４０は、把持した穂木苗Ｐを、台木苗Ｄの開口に挿入し、図６に示すように活着面を形成する。この活着面は、手作業で行うよりも鋭利で、平坦な面を有しているので、有効密着面積を大きくでき、活着確立を改善できる。さらに本実施形態では、活着面を広くし、穂木苗Ｐからの発根を抑制する目的で、穂木苗Ｐの先端を台木苗Ｄの茎の外部にまで突出させるように、穂木苗Ｐを差し込むことが好ましい。 FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the living part, showing the structure of the living surface of the graft according to the present embodiment. The tip of the scion seedling P is cut at about 25°. Further, the rootstock seedling D has holes formed at an angle of about 40° by the rootstock seedling drilling unit 30. The scion seedling insertion unit 40 inserts the gripped scion seedling P into the opening of the rootstock seedling D to form a living surface as shown in FIG. 6. Since this living surface is sharper and has a flat surface than that performed manually, the effective adhesion area can be increased and the establishment of living can be improved. Further, in the present embodiment, in order to widen the rooting surface and suppress rooting from the scion seedling P, the end of the scion seedling P is projected to the outside of the stem of the rootstock seedling D so that the scion It is preferable to insert the seedlings P.
図７は、本実施形態の穂木苗Ｐを台木苗Ｄに差し込む場合の概略的配置を示す。図６に従い、切断後の接ぎ木操作は、次のように行われる。まず、穂木苗茎受け部材１３、穂木苗切断部材１４を穂木苗Ｐの前面から退避させる。その後、駆動部材９を作動させて穂木苗Ｐを台木苗Ｄの方向に移動させ、台木苗Ｄの穴直近で一時停止させ、穂木苗ガイド部材１２を開き退避させてから穂木苗Ｐを台木苗Ｄに挿し込む。その後、穂木苗把持部材１０を開き、穂木苗差し込みユニット４０全体を穂木苗Ｐから退避させて接ぎ木苗を完成させる。 FIG. 7 shows a schematic arrangement when the scion seedling P of the present embodiment is inserted into the rootstock seedling D. According to FIG. 6, the grafting operation after cutting is performed as follows. First, the scion seedling receiving member 13 and the scion seedling cutting member 14 are retracted from the front surface of the scion seedling P. After that, the drive member 9 is operated to move the scion seedling P in the direction of the rootstock seedling D, temporarily stop in the immediate vicinity of the hole of the rootstock seedling D, open the shrub seedling guide member 12, and then retreat the scion. Insert the seedling P into the rootstock seedling D. Then, the scion seedling gripping member 10 is opened, and the scion seedling insertion unit 40 is entirely retracted from the scion seedling P to complete the grafted seedling.
図８は、図７で説明した差し込み操作が完了し、ターンテーブル・ユニット２０を９０°回転させ、接ぎ木を取出し位置としたときの図面代替写真である。図８に示すように、穂木苗Ｐは、台木苗Ｄの二葉の間に確実に配置および固定されているのが示される。この後、作業者は、手で接ぎ木を台木苗把持部材５から取り外し、接ぎ木を養生するための土壌を入れたバットに接ぎ木を差し、一連の接ぎ木プロセスが終了する。接ぎ木は、バット上で、適切な期間育成された後、小分け用カップに移し替えられ苗製品として出荷される。 FIG. 8 is a drawing-substitute photograph when the inserting operation described in FIG. 7 is completed and the turntable unit 20 is rotated by 90° and the graft is at the extraction position. As shown in FIG. 8, the scion seedling P is shown to be reliably arranged and fixed between the two leaves of the rootstock seedling D. After this, the operator manually removes the graft from the rootstock seedling holding member 5, inserts the graft into a bat containing soil for curing the graft, and the grafting process is completed. The grafts are grown on a vat for an appropriate period, then transferred to subdivision cups and shipped as seedling products.
図９は、本実施形態の接ぎ木装置１の全体を示す図面代替写真である。本実施形態の接ぎ木装置１は、概ね１ｍ２の金属プレート上にコンパクトに形成され、省スペース化が図られている。また、制御のためのコンピュータにより、ターンテーブル・ユニット２０、台木苗穴開けユニット３０、穂木苗差し込みユニット４０が同期して駆動されている。 FIG. 9 is a drawing-substitute photograph showing the whole grafting device 1 of the present embodiment. The grafting device 1 of the present embodiment is compactly formed on a metal plate of approximately 1 m 2 to save space. Further, the turntable unit 20, the rootstock seedling drilling unit 30, and the scion seedling insertion unit 40 are driven in synchronization by a computer for control.
図１０は、本実施形態の接ぎ木装置１が、台木苗Ｄに穴をあけているところを示す図面代替写真である。台木苗Ｄの芽を除去した個所に、接ぎ木棒１６が約４０°の角度で挿入され、カボチャの台木苗Ｄに穴があけられている。 FIG. 10 is a drawing-substituting photograph showing that the grafting device 1 of the present embodiment is making holes in the rootstock seedling D. The graft stick 16 is inserted at an angle of about 40° at the location where the shoots of the rootstock seedling D have been removed, and a hole is drilled in the rootstock seedling D of the pumpkin.
図１１は、本実施形態の接ぎ木装置１が、穂木苗Ｐを把持し、穂木苗Ｐの茎をまさに切断した状態を示す。穂木苗切断部材１４が備えるカッター刃が、約２５°の角度で穂木苗Ｐの茎を切断している。この時、穂木苗Ｐは、穂木苗把持部材１０と、穂木苗ガイド部材１２と、穂木苗茎受け部材１３とによりしっかり固定され、カッター刃による切断面を鋭利・平滑になるようにするとともに、茎の曲りによる差し込み失敗を防止している。 FIG. 11 shows a state in which the grafting device 1 of the present embodiment holds the scion seedling P and just cuts the stem of the scion seedling P. The cutter blade provided in the scion seedling cutting member 14 cuts the stem of the scion seedling P at an angle of about 25°. At this time, the scion seedling P is firmly fixed by the scion seedling gripping member 10, the scion seedling guide member 12, and the scion seedling receiving member 13 so that the cutting surface by the cutter blade becomes sharp and smooth. In addition, it prevents insertion failure due to bending of the stem.
図１１は、本実施形態の接ぎ木装置１が穂木苗Ｐを、台木苗Ｄに差し込んでいる実施形態を示す。穂木苗Ｐは、穂木苗把持部材１０と、穂木苗ガイド部材１２と、穂木苗茎受け部材１３とによりしっかり固定され、二葉が穂木苗把持部材１０によってしっかりと固定され、台木苗Ｄの穴に正確な角度で挿入され、活着面が形成される。 FIG. 11 shows an embodiment in which the grafting device 1 of the present embodiment inserts the scion seedling P into the rootstock seedling D. The scion seedling P is firmly fixed by the scion seedling gripping member 10, the scion seedling guide member 12, and the scion seedling receiving member 13, and the two leaves are firmly fixed by the scion seedling gripping member 10. It is inserted into the hole of the tree seedling D at an accurate angle to form a living surface.
本発明者は、本実施形態の接ぎ木装置１で検討したところ、接ぎ木成功率は、９０〜９５％、活着率は、９５％以上（熟練者による完全手作業では、９０％未満）であった。また、生産性に関しては、熟練者による手作業では、８０苗／ｈｒのところ、本実施形態の接ぎ木装置１では、１８０苗／ｈｒと概ね生産性を２．５倍程度に改善することができた。また、接ぎ木装置１が挿し接ぎ出来ない場合でも、台木苗と穂木苗を取り手で再度接ぎ木できるため、接ぎ木成功率はさらに改善でき、台木苗、穂木苗の無駄を削減することができる。 When the present inventor examined the grafting device 1 of the present embodiment, the grafting success rate was 90 to 95%, and the survival rate was 95% or more (less than 90% in a complete manual operation by an expert). .. As for productivity, manual operation by a skilled person can improve productivity to 80 seedlings/ hr , and the grafting device 1 of the present embodiment can improve productivity to about 180 times seedling/ hr, which is about 2.5 times. It was Further, even if the grafting device 1 cannot be inserted and grafted, the rooting seedlings and the spikelet seedlings can be grafted again by the handle, so that the grafting success rate can be further improved, and the waste of the rootstock seedlings and the spikelet seedlings can be reduced. You can
これまで本発明を、実施形態をもって説明してきたが、本発明は、実施形態に限定されるものではなく、他の実施形態、追加、変更、削除など、当業者が想到することができる範囲内で変更することができ、いずれの態様においても本発明の作用・効果を奏する限り、本発明の範囲に含まれるものである。 Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and other embodiments, additions, changes, deletions, etc. are within the scope of those skilled in the art. The present invention can be modified within the scope of the present invention as long as the effects and advantages of the present invention are exhibited in any of the modes.
以上説明したように、本発明は、農業、それに関連する装置、機械産業に対して多大な貢献を与えることができる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention can make a great contribution to agriculture and the apparatus and machinery industries related thereto.
１ ：接ぎ木装置
２ ：接ぎ木用ダイ
３ ：回転部材
４ ：台木苗ガイド部材
５ ：台木苗把持部材
６ ：ロータリジョイント
７ ：駆動部材
８ ：スライド部材
９ ：駆動部材
１０ ：穂木苗把持部材
１１ ：駆動部材
１２ ：穂木苗ガイド部材
１３ ：穂木苗茎受け部材
１４ ：穂木苗切断部材
１５ ：穂木苗挿入部材
１６ ：接ぎ木棒
1: Grafting device 2: Grafting die 3: Rotating member 4: Rootstock seedling guide member 5: Rootstock seedling holding member 6: Rotary joint 7: Driving member 8: Slide member 9: Driving member 10: Scion seedling holding member 11: Drive member 12: Scion seedling guide member 13: Scion seedling receiving member 14: Scion seedling cutting member 15: Scion seedling insertion member 16: Graft stick
Claims (5)
台木苗が上を向くように縦方向に保持し、前記台木苗に接ぎ木のための穴を開ける位置および台木苗に穂木苗を差し込む位置に位置決めする、ターンテーブル手段と、
前記台木苗の所定の位置に前記穂木苗を差し込むための穴を開けるための接ぎ木棒を可動に保持する台木苗穴開け手段と、
前記穂木苗の茎を所定の角度に切断し、前記台木苗の穴に前記穂木苗を差し込んで接ぎ木する、穂木苗差し込み手段と
を備える、接ぎ木装置。 A grafting device for inserting and grafting scion seedlings on rootstock seedlings,
The rootstock seedlings are held in the vertical direction so as to face upward, and the turntable means is positioned at a position where a hole for grafting is formed in the rootstock seedling and a position where the spikelet seedlings are inserted into the rootstock seedling, and a turntable means,
Rootstock seedling drilling means for movably holding a grafting bar for drilling a hole for inserting the scion seedling in a predetermined position of the rootstock seedling,
A grafting device comprising: a cuttings seedling inserting means that cuts the stems of the cuttings seedlings at a predetermined angle and inserts the cuttings seedlings into the holes of the rootstock seedlings for grafting.
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| CN108651042B (en) * | 2018-08-04 | 2023-10-24 | 山西农业大学 | Grafting scissors |
| CN109804795B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2023-12-08 | 山东安信种苗股份有限公司 | Automatic grafting machine with double stations |
| CN110447405B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-04-27 | 浙江山茶之都农业开发股份有限公司 | Camellia culture method |
| CN110915451A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-27 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Closed loop grafting method for eggplants |
| CN114271116B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2023-06-02 | 河北农业大学 | Hard branch abdomen cutting grafting device |
| CN114847019B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-04-28 | 重庆武陵山油茶研究院有限公司 | Harmless accurate flexible butt joint oil tea seedling grafting equipment |
| CN114847020B (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-08-04 | 高秀云 | Grafting seedling cultivation device for landscaping |
| CN115380719B (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2024-03-22 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Apple grafting and optimizing changing rapid forming method |
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