JP6713430B2 - Operation method of vertical crusher - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method of operating a vertical crushing device.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, as a type of vertical crushing device for finely crushing an object to be crushed into powder, a vertical crushing device including a crushing table and a crushing roller in a housing is known (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Etc.)

JP-A-4-317749 JP, 2009-297657, A

In the vertical crushing device as described above, the crushing table and the crushing roller wear as the operating time increases. If the load on the motor that drives the crushing table increases due to abrasion of the crushing table or crushing roller, or if the vibration of the motor reducer exceeds a specified value, replace the crushing table and crushing roller. As it becomes necessary, the operation cannot be continued.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a vertical crushing device capable of suppressing wear of a crushing table and a crushing roller when crushing an object to be crushed. And

A method of operating a vertical crushing device of the present invention is provided in a housing, a crushing table that is driven to rotate at a predetermined speed by a drive device, and a crushing roller that crushes an object to be crushed put on the crushing table, A method for operating a vertical crushing apparatus comprising: a crushing table and the crushing roller, by adjusting a wind speed of gas sent from a gap between an outer peripheral surface of the crushing table and an inner wall of the casing. The step of setting the thickness of the object to be crushed between the crushing target and the crushing target to a predetermined value or more, and when the magnitude of the current supplied to the drive device is smaller than a first value, the outer circumference of the crushing table. By narrowing the gap between the surface and the inner wall of the housing, the wind speed of the gas sent from the gap is adjusted, and the thickness of the crushing object between the crushing table and the crushing roller is predetermined. When the thickness is equal to or more than the value and the magnitude of the current supplied to the drive device is equal to or more than the second value, the width of the gap is increased to adjust the wind speed of the gas sent from the gap, The thickness of the crushing object between the crushing table and the crushing roller is a predetermined value or more, the first value and the second value, the vertical crushing device starts driving, It is a method for operating a vertical crushing device, characterized in that it is determined on the basis of a current value when the crushing target is started to be crushed.

The operating method of the vertical crushing apparatus of the present invention exhibits an effect that it is possible to suppress abrasion of the crushing table and the crushing roller when crushing an object to be crushed.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the vertical crushing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state which looked at the grinding table vicinity from the upper part (the 1). It is a figure which shows the state which looked at the grinding table vicinity from the upper part (the 2). It is a figure which shows the state which looked at the grinding table vicinity from the upper part (the 3). It is a block diagram which shows the control system of a vertical grinding device. It is a flow chart which shows processing of a control device.

Hereinafter, a vertical crushing apparatus according to one embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. In this embodiment, the vertical crushing device is used to crush the electric/electronic component waste. At least a part or all of the electric/electronic component waste may be incinerated to remove at least a part of organic matter such as resin.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a vertical crushing apparatus (vertical roller mill) 100 according to this embodiment. The vertical crushing apparatus 100 of FIG. 1 includes a housing 10, a ore feeding chute 104, a crushing table 20, a crushing roller 30, and a separator 40.

The mining chute 104 throws (supplies) electric/electronic component waste, which is an object to be crushed, into the center of the horizontally rotating crushing table 20.

The crushing table 20 has a central portion having a convex shape and an outer edge portion having a concave shape. The crushing table 20 is rotatably driven at a predetermined speed by a table driving device 110 as a driving device about a rotating shaft extending in the vertical direction. By this rotation, the scraps of electric/electronic parts thrown into the center of the crushing table 20 move in the outer peripheral direction of the crushing table 20. Here, it is assumed that the value of the current supplied to the table drive device 110 is measured by the ammeter 102 shown in FIG. 5 and is input to the control device 120. Further, the crushing roller 30 applies a constant force toward the crushing table 20 by the hydraulic cylinder 106.

As shown in FIG. 2, which shows a state in which the vicinity of the crushing table 20 is viewed from above, three crushing rollers 30 are provided at positions facing the upper surface of the crushing table 20. The crushing roller 30 applies a constant force toward the crushing table 20 by the hydraulic cylinder 106 shown in FIG. 1, and crushes the electric/electronic component waste that has moved to the outer edge of the crushing table 20 between the crushing table 20 and the crushing table 20. ..

In the present embodiment, a gap S exists between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing table 20 and the inner wall of the housing 10. As shown in FIG. 2, three fixed nozzle rings 60 and six movable nozzle rings 70 as a changing mechanism are provided in a state of covering at least a part of the gap S.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fixed nozzle ring 60 is located immediately below the crushing roller 30, and is provided so as to close the gap S. The fixed nozzle ring 60 may be provided so that a gap is formed between the crushing tables 20.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the movable nozzle ring 70 is driven by the nozzle ring driving device 112, and the positional relationship with the crushing table 20 is variable. 2 shows a state in which the width of the gap S is the minimum value of the width of the gap S in the specifications of the vertical crushing device 100, and FIG. 3 shows the width of the gap S of the width of the gap S in the specifications of the vertical crushing device 100. The maximum value is shown. Further, FIG. 4 shows a state in which the width of the gap S is larger than the minimum value in the specifications of the vertical crushing apparatus 100 and is equal to or less than half the maximum value in the specifications of the vertical crushing apparatus 100. The position of the movable nozzle ring 70 is controlled by the controller 120.

In the vertical crushing apparatus 100 configured as described above, the air taken into the housing 10 by the air intake device 130 is ejected from the gap S, and an updraft is formed in the housing 10. Therefore, the electric/electronic component scraps pulverized by the pulverizing table 20 and the pulverizing roller 30 into fine powder are further moved in the outer peripheral direction of the pulverizing table 20, and then blown up by the rising airflow in the housing 10. Then, the electric/electronic component waste is classified (airstream classification) and conveyed to the separator 40 provided above and further classified, and separated into fine powder and coarse powder, and the fine powder is recovered, and the coarse powder is crushed on the crushing table 20. Returned to.

It should be noted that the fine powder (electrical and electronic component scraps) carried and collected in the separator 40 is processed in a copper smelting furnace. The separator 40 is driven by the separator driving device 108 shown in FIG.

On the other hand, uncrushed material that has not been crushed to fine powder by the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 falls from the outer edge of the crushing table 20 into the gap S, and is conveyed to the outside of the vertical crushing device 100 by a belt conveyor (not shown). It will be taken to a storage yard (not shown). The uncrushed material discharged to the outside of the housing 10 is processed in a copper converter.

In the present embodiment, the gas passing through the gap S is controlled by controlling the gap S by the movable nozzle ring 70 so that the height of the crushing object between the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 becomes a predetermined value or more. Adjust the wind speed of. By setting the height of the crushing object between the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 to a predetermined value or more, the crushing object serves as a cushioning material, and wear of the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 is suppressed. It

Specifically, by narrowing the gap S by the movable nozzle ring 70, the wind velocity of the gas passing through the gap S is increased, and the amount of the object to be ground between the grinding table 20 and the grinding roller 30 falls from the space S. To reduce. As a result, the height of the object to be ground between the grinding table 20 and the grinding roller 30 is increased. The thickness of the crushed object is preferably 17 mm to 20 mm.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a control system of the vertical crushing apparatus 100 of this embodiment. In the present embodiment, the control device 120 centrally controls each part of the vertical crushing device 100 based on input signals from the ammeter 102 and other various sensors 103.

Next, the control by the control device 120 will be described in detail along with the flowchart of FIG. 6 while appropriately referring to the other drawings.

In FIG. 6, when the control device 120 receives an operation start instruction from the operator, in step S10, the control device 120 starts driving the entire vertical crushing device 100. Specifically, the control device 120 instructs the hydraulic cylinder 106, the separator drive device 108, and the table drive device 110 to start driving. In addition, the control device 120 controls the nozzle ring driving device 112 so that the width of the gap S is determined by the movable nozzle ring 70 based on the type of the object to be crushed to the vertical crushing device 100 and the like. The value (state of FIG. 4).

After that, electric/electronic component scraps as a crushing target, which are thrown in from the outside at a constant rate, are thrown into the center of the crushing table 20 via the feed chute 104.

Next, in step S12, the control device 120 refers to the measurement result (current value) of the ammeter 102, the current value is larger than the first value (first threshold value), and the second value (second threshold value). Is less than or equal to. In this step, the thickness of the object to be crushed between the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value based on the current value, and the load on the motor that rotationally drives the crushing table 20 is reduced. It is determined whether it has become too large.

Here, the current value detected by the ammeter 102 is different in the initial stage of operation (the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 are new) and the final stage of operation (the abrasion of the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 is progressing). Specifically, the current value increases as the end of operation is approached. Therefore, the first threshold value and the second threshold value are determined based on the current value when the vertical crushing apparatus 100 starts driving and starts crushing the object to be crushed. For example, when the current value when the object to be crushed is crushed is 50A to 52A, the first threshold value is 51A and the second threshold value is 53A. Further, for example, when the current value when the object to be crushed is crushed is 56 to 58A, the first threshold value is 58A and the second threshold value is 60A. When the current value is larger than the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value, the determination in step S12 is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S15, and the control device 120 maintains the width of the gap S.

On the other hand, if the determination in step S12 is negative, the process proceeds to step S13. When the process proceeds to step S13, the control device 120 determines whether the current value is equal to or less than the first threshold value. In this step, it is determined based on the current value whether the thickness of the crushed object is less than a predetermined value. If the current value is less than or equal to the first threshold value, the determination in step S13 is positive, and the process proceeds to step S14.

After shifting to step S14, the control device 120 controls the nozzle ring driving device 112 to move the movable nozzle ring 70 in the direction in which the gap S is narrowed, as shown in FIG. As a result, the wind speed increases, so that the electric/electronic component waste is prevented from falling into the gap S, and the height of the electric/electronic component waste between the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 is set to a predetermined value or more. You can As a result, the electric/electronic component waste serves as a cushioning material, and wear of the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 is suppressed.

On the other hand, if the determination in step S13 is negative, the process proceeds to step S16. When the process proceeds to step S16, the control device 120 controls the nozzle ring driving device 112 to move the movable nozzle ring 70 in the direction in which the gap S widens, as shown in FIG. As a result, the wind speed decreases, and the electric/electronic component scraps that cannot be crushed and remain on the crushing table 20 and load the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 can be easily dropped into the gap S. In addition, it is preferable that the maximum value of the width of the gap S at this time is one half of the maximum value of the width of the gap S in the specifications of the vertical crushing apparatus 100.

After the processing of step S14, step S16, or step S15 is performed, the process proceeds to step S18.

When the process proceeds to step S18, it is determined whether an operation end instruction has been received from the worker. If the determination in step S18 is negative, the process returns to step S12, and the processes and determinations in steps S12 to S16 are repeated. On the other hand, if the determination in step S18 is affirmative, the entire process of FIG. 6 is ended.

As described above in detail, according to the present embodiment, the crushing table 20 provided in the housing 10 and rotatably driven by the table driving device 110 at a predetermined speed, and the crushing target placed on the crushing table 20. In the vertical crushing apparatus 100 including the crushing roller 30 for crushing an object, the crushing table is adjusted by adjusting the wind speed of the gas sent from the gap S between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing table 20 and the inner wall of the housing 10. The thickness of the object to be crushed between the crushing roller 20 and the crushing roller 30 is set to be a predetermined value or more. As a result, in the present embodiment, the object to be crushed plays a role as a cushioning material, so that abrasion of the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 is suppressed, and the life can be extended. The thickness of the object to be ground between the grinding table 20 and the grinding roller 30 is preferably 17 mm to 20 mm.

Further, in the present embodiment, the vertical crushing apparatus 100 includes the movable nozzle ring 70 that changes the width of the gap S. By narrowing the width of the gap S by the movable nozzle ring 70, the outer peripheral surface of the crushing table 20 and the casing. The wind speed of the gas sent from the gap S between the inner wall of the body 10 is adjusted so that the thickness of the object to be crushed between the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 is a predetermined value or more. Thereby, the wind speed of the gas sent from the gap S can be adjusted without changing the operating state of the atmosphere intake device 130 that takes in the atmosphere into the housing 10. The width of the gap S is preferably between a minimum value of the width of the gap S in the specifications of the vertical crushing device 100 and a half of the maximum value of the width of the gap S in the specifications of the vertical crushing device 100.

Further, in the present embodiment, the vertical crushing apparatus 100 includes the ammeter 102 that measures the magnitude of the current supplied to the table driving device 110, and when the magnitude of the current is smaller than the first value, The width of the gap S is reduced. As a result, the thickness of the object to be crushed is indirectly measured by the magnitude of the current. Therefore, the wind speed of the gas sent from the gap S is adjusted based on the magnitude of the current to determine the thickness of the object to be crushed. Can have a thickness equal to or greater than a predetermined value.

Further, in the present embodiment, when the magnitude of the current is equal to or larger than the second value, the width of the gap S is increased so that the width of the gap S according to the specifications of the vertical crushing apparatus 100 is increased. As a result, the wind speed decreases, and the electric/electronic component scraps that cannot be crushed and remain on the crushing table 20 and load the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 can be easily dropped into the gap S.

In step S12 of FIG. 6 of the above-described embodiment, the width of the gap S is made as narrow as possible within the range in which the current value of the table drive device 110 does not exceed the rated current value (for example, the minimum value of the gap S is set. Thus, the first threshold value and the second threshold value may be adjusted. For example, it is assumed that the current value when the object to be crushed starts to be 50A to 52A, the first threshold value is set to 51A, and the second threshold value is set to 53A. In this case, since the current value of the ammeter 102 is equal to or less than the first threshold value (step S13/YES), it is assumed that the width of the gap S is narrowed from 100 mm to 70 mm. At this time, when the width of the gap S is larger than the minimum value (for example, 43 mm) of the gap S and the current value measured by the ammeter 102 is less than the rated current value, for example, the first threshold value is set to 53A. However, the second threshold may be set to 55A. As a result, the width of the gap S can be further narrowed, and the thickness of the object to be crushed between the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 can be increased.

The examples of the arrangement of the movable nozzle ring 70 and the fixed nozzle ring 60 and the arrangement of the crushing roller 30 described with reference to FIG. 2 and the like in the above embodiment are examples. That is, the arrangement of each unit may be appropriately changed according to various conditions. For example, all the nozzle rings may be the movable nozzle rings 70 if they can be arranged. Further, when a pillar or the like exists, the pillar or the like may be avoided and the respective parts may be arranged.

Examples of the present invention will be shown below, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.

(Examples 1 and 2)
As shown in Table 1, the thickness of the object to be crushed is controlled to operate the vertical crushing device 100, and the wear amount [mm] per crushing amount [wet·t] of the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 (wear original) The unit [mm/wet·t]) was examined.

In Example 1, the thickness of the object to be crushed between the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 was less than 17 mm, and in Example 2, the thickness of the object to be crushed between the crushing table 20 and the crushing roller 30 was changed. It was set between 17 mm and 20 mm. In Table 1, the thickness (14.1 mm) of the crushing target of Example 1 is an average of 12.3 mm and 15.9 mm, and the thickness of the crushing target of Example 2 (18.7 mm) is , An average of 19.9 mm and 17.4 mm. As shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that wear was suppressed by increasing the thickness of the object to be crushed.

The embodiment described above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

10 Housing 20 Grinding Table 30 Grinding Roller 40 Separator 60 Fixed Nozzle Ring 70 Movable Nozzle Ring (Change Mechanism)
100 Vertical Grinding Device 102 Ammeter 104 Mining Chute 106 Hydraulic Cylinder 108 Separator Drive Unit 110 Table Drive Unit (Drive Unit)
112 Nozzle ring drive device 120 Control device 130 Atmosphere intake device

Claims (5)

A method for operating a vertical crushing device, comprising: a crushing table provided in a housing and rotationally driven at a predetermined speed by a driving device; and a crushing roller for crushing an object to be crushed put on the crushing table. ,
By adjusting the wind speed of the gas sent from the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing table and the inner wall of the housing, the thickness of the crushing object between the crushing table and the crushing roller is set to a predetermined value. The above thickness,
Including steps,
When the magnitude of the current supplied to the drive unit is smaller than a first value, the gas sent from the gap is narrowed by narrowing the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing table and the inner wall of the casing. Of the crushing table and the crushing roller to a thickness of a predetermined value or more by adjusting the wind speed of
When the magnitude of the current supplied to the drive device is equal to or larger than the second value, the width of the gap is increased to adjust the wind speed of the gas sent from the gap, thereby adjusting the crushing table and the crushing table. The thickness of the object to be ground between the roller and a predetermined value or more,
The first value and the second value are determined on the basis of a current value when the vertical crushing device starts driving and starts crushing the object to be crushed,
A method for operating a vertical crushing device, which is characterized in that The method for operating a vertical crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the crushing object between the crushing table and the crushing roller is 17 mm to 20 mm. The vertical crushing device includes a changing mechanism that changes the width of the gap,
By narrowing the width of the gap by the changing mechanism, the wind speed of the gas sent from the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing table and the inner wall of the housing is adjusted, and the gap between the crushing table and the crushing roller is adjusted. The method for operating a vertical crushing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crushing target has a thickness equal to or larger than a predetermined value. The first value is set to a value within a range of a current value when the vertical crushing device starts driving and starts crushing the object to be crushed, and the second value is set from the range. Is also set to a large value,
A method for operating the vertical crushing apparatus according to claim 1. The method for operating a vertical crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the object to be crushed is scrap of electric/electronic parts.

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