JP6704029B2 - Processing nozzle and processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a processing nozzle that is arranged toward a processing site to form a gas region when processing a workpiece in water, and a processing apparatus to which the processing nozzle is applied.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a laser cutting device. This laser cutting device is provided with a cutting nozzle that passes a laser beam. The cutting nozzle has an assist gas nozzle for injecting an assist gas for blowing off a melted material melted by a laser beam, and a shield gas nozzle for injecting a shield gas for protecting the assist gas, and the assist gas nozzle is an inner nozzle. It has been shown to have a double nozzle structure consisting of an outer nozzle and an outer nozzle, the inner nozzle passing a laser beam and injecting an oxygen-containing gas, the outer nozzle being arranged coaxially with the inner nozzle. Further, Patent Document 1 discloses that an assist gas, a shield gas, and a pressurized water curtain are jetted because a laser cutting device is used for underwater cutting. The pressurized water curtain is annularly arranged so as to surround the assist gas nozzle and the shield gas nozzle, and is jetted by the pressurized water curtain nozzle coaxially arranged with respect to the assist gas nozzle and the shield gas nozzle.

JP, 2011-177788, A

The pressurized water curtain nozzle as shown in Patent Document 1 prevents the inflow of water to the dry spot, which is a gas region composed of the assist gas and the shield gas. Then, in order to stably prevent the inflow of water to the dry spot, it is necessary that the pressurized water jetted from the pressurized water curtain nozzle stably forms an annular pressurized water curtain. However, in order to stably form the pressurized water curtain, it is sufficient to widen the radial direction width of the injected pressurized water from the center of the ring, but it is necessary to inject a large amount of pressurized water. Due to the increase in size and strength of the pumps and pipes for injecting fuel, the equipment cost for peripheral equipment increases. On the other hand, although it is possible to use an air curtain instead of the pressurized water curtain, like the pressurized water curtain, in order to stably form an annular air curtain, the pressurized air to be jetted from the center of the annular direction in a radial direction. However, it is necessary to inject a large amount of pressurized air, and equipment related to peripheral equipment is increased by increasing the size and strength of blowers and pipes to inject such a large amount of pressurized air. The cost is high.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a processing nozzle and a processing apparatus capable of preventing the inflow of water into the inside of a gas region when performing underwater processing.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a processing nozzle according to an aspect of the present invention includes a first gas injection nozzle, a direction surrounding the periphery of the first gas injection nozzle, and a direction along the direction of the first gas injection nozzle. And a second gas injection nozzle that is formed in a cylindrical shape that surrounds the entire circumference of the second gas injection nozzle and is closed at the end on the second gas injection nozzle side. And a covering member that is formed of an elastic member and that is formed so as to be expandable to the outside.

According to this processing nozzle, the gas injected from the first gas injection nozzle forms a dry spot on the processing site of the workpiece, and the gas injected from the second gas injection nozzle creates air around the dry spot. A curtain is formed, and the periphery of the air curtain formed by the second gas injection nozzle is further covered with a covering member. Since the extending end of the covering member comes into contact with the workpiece and the covering member expands outward while being elastically deformed, the covering portion covers the periphery of the dry spot together with the air curtain. The prevention effect can be improved.

In the processing nozzle according to the aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the covering member has a folded-back overlapping portion at an extending end portion.

In order to achieve the above object, a processing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention is a processing nozzle according to the eleventh invention, a first gas supply unit that supplies gas to the first gas injection nozzle, A second gas supply unit for supplying gas to the second gas injection nozzle, and a processing head provided as a processing region in a gas injection region of the first gas injection nozzle are provided.

According to this processing apparatus, the processing accuracy can be improved by improving the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot by the covering member in addition to the air curtain.

According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent water from flowing into the inside of the gas region when performing underwater processing.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the BB cross section of FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 6 showing another example. FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of a protrusion in the processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a protrusion in the processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of the covering member in the processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to this embodiment. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include elements that can be easily replaced by those skilled in the art, or substantially the same elements.

[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus according to this embodiment. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is for processing a workpiece 100 in water. The processing includes, for example, welding and cutting, and the processing method includes, for example, laser processing. In the present embodiment, overlay welding by laser processing will be mainly described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the processing apparatus 1 of this embodiment includes a processing head 2, a processing nozzle 3, a gas supply unit 4, and a water supply unit 5.

The processing head 2 irradiates the laser beam 2A and is attached to the processing nozzle 3.

The machining nozzle 3 is submerged by a holding means (for example, a manipulator) not shown so as to irradiate the laser beam 2A emitted from the machining head 2 at a distance suitable for machining the machining site 100A of the workpiece 100 underwater. Held in. The processing nozzle 3 includes a laser irradiation nozzle 3A, a gas injection nozzle 3B, a water injection nozzle 3C, and an auxiliary nozzle 3D.

The laser irradiation nozzle 3A is a hole that is provided in the center of the processing nozzle 3 and allows the laser beam 2A emitted from the processing head 2 to pass therethrough, and is used to irradiate the processed portion 100A of the workpiece 100 with the laser beam 12A. It has an irradiation port 3Aa.

The gas injection nozzle 3B is for injecting an assist gas, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the laser irradiation nozzle 3A, and has a hole directed in a direction along the direction of the laser irradiation nozzle 3A. Is formed as. In the present embodiment, the gas injection nozzle 3B is formed as an annular hole so as to surround the laser irradiation nozzle 3A, as shown in FIG. In addition, although not clearly shown in the drawing, the gas injection nozzle 3B may be formed as a plurality of holes so as to surround the laser irradiation nozzle 3A. In this embodiment, the gas injection nozzle 3B has the injection port 3Ba formed on the same plane as the irradiation port 3Aa of the laser irradiation nozzle 3A, as shown in FIG. In addition, although not clearly shown in the drawing, the gas injection nozzle 3B is recessed in the rear side of the irradiation port 3Aa of the laser irradiation nozzle 3A in the direction of the laser irradiation nozzle 3A (the side opposite to the direction in which the laser beam 2A is irradiated). The injection port 3Ba may be provided at a different position, and the injection port 3Ba of the laser irradiation nozzle 3A protrudes toward the front side (the side to which the laser beam 2A is irradiated) of the direction of the laser irradiation nozzle 3A. 3Ba may be provided.

The water injection nozzle 3C injects water, and is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the gas injection nozzle 3B as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and serves as a hole directed in a direction along the direction of the gas injection nozzle 3B. Has been formed. In the present embodiment, the water injection nozzle 3C is formed as an annular hole so as to surround the gas injection nozzle 3B, as shown in FIG. In addition, although not shown in the drawing, the water injection nozzle 3C may be formed as a plurality of holes so as to surround the gas injection nozzle 3B. In this embodiment, the water injection nozzle 3C has the injection port 3Ca formed on the same plane as the injection port 3Ba of the gas injection nozzle 3B, as shown in FIG. In addition, although not shown in the drawing, the water injection nozzle 3C is recessed on the rear side (opposite to the direction in which the assist gas is injected) of the gas injection nozzle 3B with respect to the injection port 3Ba of the gas injection nozzle 3B. The injection port 3Ca may be provided at a position, and the injection port 3Ca is provided at a position projecting to the front side (the side where the assist gas is injected) of the direction of the gas injection nozzle 3B with respect to the injection port 3Ba of the gas injection nozzle 3B. It may be provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the auxiliary nozzle 3D surrounds the periphery of the water injection nozzle 3C so as to have a gap between the water injection nozzle 3C and the outer wall of the water injection nozzle 3C, and after the injection port 3Ca of the water injection nozzle 3C. It is arranged so as to extend from the side (the side opposite to the direction in which water is jetted) to the front side (the side in which water is jetted). As a result, the auxiliary nozzle 3D forms a passage 3Da that communicates along the direction of the water injection nozzle 3C by the gap between the water injection nozzle 3C and the outer wall on the outer periphery of the water injection nozzle 3C. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary nozzle 3D is formed as a tubular member that surrounds the periphery of the water jet nozzle 3C, and the opening 3Db on the one end side of the tubular member has the water jet nozzle 3C with respect to the jet port 3Ca of the water jet nozzle 3C. Of the water jet nozzle 3C at the rear side (opposite to the water jetting direction), and the opening 3Dc at the other end of the tubular member is the front side of the water jet nozzle 3C with respect to the jet port 3Ca of the water jet nozzle 3C. By being located on the (water injection side) position, a passage 3Da communicating with the direction of the water injection nozzle 3C is formed on the outer circumference of the water injection nozzle 3C by the gap between the water injection nozzle 3C and the outer wall. .. Further, the auxiliary nozzle 3D formed as a cylindrical member is provided with a plurality of support pieces 3Dd (four in the circumferential direction in the present embodiment) protruding from the inside thereof so that the passage 3Da, which is a gap, can be maintained by water injection. It is attached around the nozzle 3C. The auxiliary nozzle 3D may be formed by the passage 3Da having the opening 3Db and the opening 3Dc, and although not clearly shown in the figure, a plurality of cylinders other than the cylinder-shaped member are formed as the water injection nozzle. It may be configured to surround the periphery of 3C. Further, the auxiliary nozzle 3D may be any one as long as it is formed by the passage 3Da having the opening 3Db and the opening 3Dc, and although not clearly shown in the figure, a plurality of plate members other than the cylindrical member are formed as the water injection nozzle 3C. The structure may be arranged so as to surround the periphery of. There may be a gap between the plate materials.

The gas supply unit 4 supplies the assist gas to the gas injection nozzle 3B. The gas supply unit 4 is connected to the gas injection nozzle 3B via a gas supply pipe 4A, and includes a gas storage tank (not shown) arranged at a position out of the water. By supplying the gas to 4A with a compressor or the like, the assist gas is supplied to the gas injection nozzle 3B, and the assist gas is injected from the gas injection nozzle 3B.

The water supply unit 5 supplies water to the water jet nozzle 3C. The water supply unit 5 is connected to the water injection nozzle 3C via a water supply pipe 5A, and includes a water storage tank (not shown) arranged at a position out of the water. Water is supplied to the water injection nozzle 3C by pumping water to 5A by a pump or the like, and the water is injected from the water injection nozzle 3C. The water supply unit 5 may be configured to supply water to the water injection nozzle 3C by pumping the water in which the processing nozzle 3 is arranged with a pump or the like, and to inject the water from the water injection nozzle 3C. ..

In such a processing apparatus 1, as shown in FIG. 1, the processing nozzle 3 directs the irradiation port 3Aa of the laser irradiation nozzle 3A at a predetermined interval with respect to the processing site 100A of the underwater workpiece 100. Retained in form. Then, in the processing apparatus 1, the assist gas supplied by the gas supply unit 4 is injected from the gas injection nozzle 3B. The assist gas jetted from the gas jet nozzle 3B reaches a part of the processed portion 100A of the workpiece 100 around the area where the laser beam 2A is irradiated, and the gas jet region of the portion is a dry spot D which is a gas region. It is formed. The processing head 2 is provided within the gas injection area of the gas injection nozzle 3B as a processing area. Further, in the processing device 1, the water supplied by the water supply unit 5 is jetted from the water jet nozzle 3C. The water jetted from the water jet nozzle 3C reaches the workpiece 100 around the dry spot D, and forms a water curtain WS around the dry spot D by the water flow. The water curtain WS prevents water from flowing into the dry spot D.

Further, in the processing device 1 of the present embodiment, the pressure of the water jetted from the water jet nozzle 3C immediately after leaving the jet port 3Ca of the water jet nozzle 3C lowers the water on the outside thereof. .. By this water drawing action, the water near the opening 3Dc in the auxiliary nozzle 3D flows along the water jetted from the water jet nozzle 3C, and along with this, the water flows into the passage 3Da from the opening 3Db. A water flow is generated in the passage 3Da of the auxiliary nozzle 3D. This water flow forms a water curtain WS around the dry spot D together with the water jetted from the water jet nozzle 3C. As a result, the amount of water in the water curtain WS increases, so that the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D can be improved.

Therefore, as described above, the processing nozzle 3 of the present embodiment includes the gas injection nozzle 3B and the water injection nozzle that surrounds the periphery of the gas injection nozzle 3B and is arranged in the direction along the direction of the gas injection nozzle 3B. 3C and the surroundings of the water injection nozzle 3C and the water injection nozzle 3C. The water injection nozzle 3C is arranged to extend from the rear side to the front side of the water injection nozzle 3C and to communicate with the water injection nozzle 3C along the direction of the water injection nozzle 3C. And an auxiliary nozzle 3D forming a passage 3Da.

According to this processing nozzle 3, a dry spot D is formed at the processing portion 100A of the workpiece 100 by the assist gas injected from the gas injection nozzle 3B, and a dry spot D is formed by the water injected from the water injection nozzle 3C. A water curtain WS is formed around the water injection nozzle 3C, and a water flow is generated in the passage 3Da of the auxiliary nozzle 3D due to the drawing action of the water injected from the water injection nozzle 3C. The amount of water is increased. As a result, the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D by the water curtain WS can be improved.

In the processing nozzle 3 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the water jet nozzle 3C is arranged with the jet port 3Ca facing outward, and the auxiliary nozzle 3D is the jet port 3Ca of the water jet nozzle 3C. The front end is formed to spread outward along the direction.

According to this processing nozzle 3, the water curtain WS can be formed in a divergent manner toward the workpiece 100, and the water of the water curtain WS that has collided with the workpiece 100 can be pushed out to the outside, whereby the dry spot D The effect of preventing the inflow of water into the can be further improved.

Further, in the processing nozzle 3 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the auxiliary nozzle 3D is narrowed on the way to the front end on the front side of the gas jet nozzle 3B and the water jet nozzle 3C at the jet ports 3Ba, 3Ca. The narrowed portion 3De is formed. That is, the auxiliary nozzle 3D is formed in such a manner that the front end of the auxiliary nozzle 3D is narrowed inward by the narrowed portion 3De on the front side of the ejection ports 3Ba, 3Ca of the gas ejection nozzle 3B and the water ejection nozzle 3C, and then the front end is expanded outward.

When the auxiliary nozzle 3D is not provided, there is a pressure drop peak point P1 at which the pressure of the assist gas drops most at a position immediately after exiting the injection port 3Ba of the gas injection nozzle 3B, and the work piece is processed from the pressure drop peak point P1. The pressure gradually increases toward the object 100. In such a case, since the pressure drop peak point P1 is in the vicinity of the injection port 3Ba of the gas injection nozzle 3B, the surrounding water is drawn in due to the pressure drop, and there is a risk that water will flow into the dry spot D. On the other hand, according to this processing nozzle 3, as shown in FIG. 4, by forming the narrowed portion 3De in the auxiliary nozzle 3D, the pressure drop peak point of the gas injection nozzle 3B is caused by the nozzle action of the narrowed portion 3De. The pressure drop peak increases as the position P2 moves away from the vicinity of the injection port 3Ba to the front side. As a result, in the water curtain WS, the flow velocity thereof increases and the amount of water increases, so that the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D can be further improved.

In addition, in the configuration of the auxiliary nozzle 3D shown in FIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 3, the injection port 3Ca of the water injection nozzle 3C is arranged toward the outside, and the auxiliary nozzle 3D has the injection port 3Ca of the water injection nozzle 3C. The present invention may be applied to a configuration in which the front end is formed so as to spread outward along the direction, and the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D can be significantly improved by both actions.

Further, in the processing nozzle 3 of the present embodiment, in the auxiliary nozzle 3D, the gap between the openings 3Db and 3Dc (opening diameter) and the gap inside the passage 3Da (inner diameter) are within the range of the dry spot D and the laser irradiation nozzle 3A. Depending on the distance of the irradiation port 3Aa to the workpiece 100, the distance of the jet port 3Ba of the gas jet nozzle 3B to the workpiece 100, the distance of the jet port 3Ca of the water jet nozzle 3C to the workpiece 100, and the like. It is decided as appropriate.

Further, in the processing apparatus 1 to which the processing nozzle 3 of the present embodiment is applied, the above-described processing nozzle 3, the gas supply unit 4 that supplies the assist gas to the gas injection nozzle 3B, and the water injection nozzle 3C. A water supply unit 5 for supplying water to the water, and a processing head 2 provided with a gas injection area of the gas injection nozzle 3B as a processing area.

According to this processing apparatus 1, the processing accuracy can be improved by improving the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D by the water curtain WS.

By the way, FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. The processing apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 5 performs TIG welding. Therefore, the processing head 6 includes the welding torch 6A. The welding torch 6A is provided so as to penetrate the torch insertion nozzle 3E of the processing nozzle 3. The processing apparatus 1 also includes the welding wire 6B at a position corresponding to the tip of the welding torch 6A. The welding wire 6B penetrates through the processing nozzle 3 and is supported thereby. With such a configuration, the processing apparatus 1 of this embodiment can also perform TIG welding.

[Embodiment 2]
FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the BB cross section of FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 6 showing another example. FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of the protrusion of the processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to this embodiment. FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the protruding portion of the processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to this embodiment. FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 6, the processing apparatus 11 of the present embodiment is for processing the workpiece 100 in water. The processing includes, for example, welding and cutting, and the processing method includes, for example, laser processing. In the present embodiment, overlay welding by laser processing will be mainly described.

As shown in FIG. 6, the processing apparatus 11 of this embodiment includes a processing head 12, a processing nozzle 13, a first gas supply unit 14, and a second gas supply unit 15.

The processing head 12 irradiates the laser beam 12A and is attached to the processing nozzle 13.

The machining nozzle 13 is underwater by a holding means (not shown) (for example, a manipulator) so as to irradiate the laser beam 12A emitted from the machining head 12 at a distance suitable for machining the machining site 100A of the workpiece 100 underwater. Held in. The processing nozzle 13 includes a laser irradiation nozzle 13A, a first gas injection nozzle 13B, a second gas injection nozzle 13C, and a protrusion 13D.

The laser irradiation nozzle 13A is a hole that is provided in the center of the processing nozzle 13 and allows the laser beam 12A emitted from the processing head 12 to pass therethrough, and is used to irradiate the processing portion 100A of the workpiece 100 with the laser beam 12A. It has an irradiation port 3Aa.

The first gas injection nozzle 13B is for injecting an assist gas, and is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the laser irradiation nozzle 13A as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and is directed in a direction along the direction of the laser irradiation nozzle 13A. Formed as an open hole. In the present embodiment, the first gas injection nozzle 13B is formed as an annular hole so as to surround the laser irradiation nozzle 13A, as shown in FIG. In addition, although not explicitly shown in the drawing, the first gas injection nozzle 13B may be formed as a plurality of holes so as to surround the laser irradiation nozzle 13A. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the first gas injection nozzle 13B has the injection port 13Ba formed on the same plane as the irradiation port 13Aa of the laser irradiation nozzle 13A. In addition, although not explicitly shown in the drawing, the first gas injection nozzle 13B is behind the irradiation port 13Aa of the laser irradiation nozzle 13A in the direction of the laser irradiation nozzle 13A (opposite to the direction in which the laser beam 12A is irradiated). The injection port 13Ba may be provided in a recessed position at a position projecting to the front side (the side to which the laser beam 12A is irradiated) of the laser irradiation nozzle 13A with respect to the irradiation port 13Aa of the laser irradiation nozzle 13A. The injection port 13Ba may be provided.

The second gas injection nozzle 13C is for injecting a shield gas, and is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the first gas injection nozzle 13B as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and faces the first gas injection nozzle 13B. It is formed as a hole directed in the direction along the direction. In the present embodiment, the second gas injection nozzle 13C is formed as an annular hole so as to surround the first gas injection nozzle 13B, as shown in FIG. 7. Alternatively, the second gas injection nozzle 13C may be formed as a plurality of holes so as to surround the first gas injection nozzle 13B, as shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the second gas injection nozzle 13C has the injection port 13Ca formed on the same plane as the injection port 13Ba of the first gas injection nozzle 13B, as shown in FIG. In addition, although not shown in the drawing, the second gas injection nozzle 13C is located behind the injection port 13Ba of the first gas injection nozzle 13B in the direction of the first gas injection nozzle 13B (in the direction in which the assist gas is injected). The injection port 13Ca may be provided in a recessed position on the opposite side), and the front side (the side on which the assist gas is injected) of the direction of the first gas injection nozzle 13B with respect to the injection port 13Ba of the first gas injection nozzle 13B. ) May be provided with the injection port 13Ca.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the protrusion 13D is provided so as to protrude from the inner surface of the flow path of the second gas injection nozzle 13C. The protrusion 13D shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is provided so as to project on the inner surface of the flow passage of the second gas injection nozzle 13C formed in an annular shape, and a plurality of protrusions 13D are provided at predetermined intervals in the annular circumferential direction. There is. Further, the protrusion 13D shown in FIG. 8 has a flow path formed by a plurality of holes in which the second gas injection nozzle 13C surrounds the periphery of the first gas injection nozzle 13B, and each flow path of the second gas injection nozzle 13C. It is provided so as to project on the inner surface of the inside of. The protrusion 13D is provided in the flow path of the second gas injection nozzle 13C, but is preferably provided in the vicinity (inner edge) of the ejection port 13Ca of the second gas injection nozzle 13C. Although it has been described that the protruding portion 13D is provided so as to project on the inner surface of the flow path of the second gas injection nozzle 13C, it is formed by a plurality of grooves formed on the inner surface of the flow path of the second gas injection nozzle 13C. It may project between the grooves. Although not clearly shown in the drawing, the protruding portion 13D is provided so as to project on the outer inner surface of the flow path of the second gas injection nozzle 13C formed in an annular shape, and is spaced at a predetermined interval in the annular circumferential direction. A plurality of second gas injection nozzles 13C may be provided, and the second gas injection nozzle 13C has a flow path formed of a plurality of holes surrounding the first gas injection nozzle 13B. It may be provided so as to project.

The first gas supply unit 14 supplies the assist gas to the first gas injection nozzle 13B. The first gas supply unit 14 is connected to the first gas injection nozzle 13B via the first gas supply pipe 14A, and includes a gas storage tank (not shown) arranged at a position out of the water. The gas is sent from the storage tank to the first gas supply pipe 14A by a compressor or the like to supply the assist gas to the first gas injection nozzle 13B, and the assist gas is injected from the first gas injection nozzle 13B.

The second gas supply unit 15 supplies the shield gas to the second gas injection nozzle 13C. The second gas supply unit 15 is connected to the second gas injection nozzle 13C via the second gas supply pipe 15A, and includes a gas storage tank (not shown) arranged at a position out of the water. The shield gas is supplied to the second gas injection nozzle 13C by pumping the gas from the storage tank to the second gas supply pipe 15A with a compressor or the like, and the shield gas is injected from the second gas injection nozzle 13C.

In such a processing apparatus 11, as shown in FIG. 6, the processing nozzle 13 directs the irradiation port 13Aa of the laser irradiation nozzle 13A at a predetermined interval with respect to the processing region 100A of the underwater workpiece 100. Retained in form. Then, in the processing device 11, the assist gas supplied by the first gas supply unit 14 is injected from the first gas injection nozzle 13B. The assist gas injected from the first gas injection nozzle 13B reaches a part of the processed portion 100A of the workpiece 100 around the irradiation of the laser beam 12A, and the gas injection area of the portion is a dry spot. Formed as D. The processing head 12 is provided as a processing area in the gas injection area of the first gas injection nozzle 13B. Further, in the processing device 11, the shield gas supplied by the second gas supply unit 15 is injected from the second gas injection nozzle 13C. The shield gas injected from the second gas injection nozzle 13C reaches the workpiece 100 around the dry spot D, and forms an air curtain AS around the dry spot D by the air flow. The air curtain AS prevents water from flowing into the dry spot D.

Further, in the processing device 11 of the present embodiment, the shield gas injected from the second gas injection nozzle 13C flows along the outer surface of the protrusion 13D and then flows away when the shield gas is separated from the protrusion 13D. A vertical vortex that swirls at is generated. The vertical vortex causes the shield gas injected from the injection port 13Ca of the second gas injection nozzle 13C to be a jet stream that stably travels straight, so that the formed air curtain AS can be stabilized and the dry spot D The effect of preventing the inflow of water into the can be improved.

Therefore, as described above, the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment surrounds the first gas injection nozzle 13B and the periphery of the first gas injection nozzle 13B and extends in the direction along the direction of the first gas injection nozzle 13B. The second gas injection nozzle 13C is arranged, and the projection 13D provided on the inner surface of the flow path of the second gas injection nozzle 13C.

According to the processing nozzle 13, the dry spot D is formed on the processing portion 100A of the workpiece 100 by the assist gas injected from the first gas injection nozzle 13B, and the shield injected from the second gas injection nozzle 13C. An air curtain AS is formed around the dry spot D by the gas, and the shield gas injected from the second gas injection nozzle 13C becomes a vertical vortex by the protruding portion 13D to form a jet stream that stably advances straight. As a result, the air curtain AS can be stabilized even with a relatively small amount of shield gas, and the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D can be improved.

Further, in the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the projecting portion 13D is formed by gradually increasing the cross-sectional area toward the injection port 13Ca of the flow path of the second gas injection nozzle 13C. Has been done. In FIG. 9, the projecting portion 13D has a triangular cross section, and the width and height of this triangular shape are in the direction in which the shield gas flows, and are formed in the injection port 13Ca of the flow path of the second gas injection nozzle 13C. It is formed so as to gradually increase toward the end.

According to this processing nozzle 13, the shield gas flows along the inner surface where the cross-sectional area of the protrusion 13D gradually increases, and is separated at the portion where the cross-sectional area is maximum, so that vertical vortices are easily generated. Therefore, the air curtain AS can be more stabilized, and the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D can be further improved.

Further, in the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the second gas injection nozzle 13C has a plurality of flow paths surrounding the periphery of the first gas injection nozzle 13B, and the protrusion 13D is The inner surface of each flow path of the second gas injection nozzle 13C is spirally provided.

According to this processing nozzle 13, since the protrusion 13D is provided spirally on the inner surface of the inner side of the flow path of the second gas injection nozzle 13C, vertical vortices are likely to occur, and the air curtain AS is more stable. The effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D can be further improved.

Further, in the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the second gas injection nozzle 13C is arranged with the injection port 13Ca facing outward.

According to the processing nozzle 13, the air curtain AS can be formed in a divergent manner toward the workpiece 100, and the shield gas of the air curtain AS that has collided with the workpiece 100 is pushed out to the dry spot. The effect of preventing the inflow of water into D can be further improved.

Further, in the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, the width, height and length of the protruding portion 13D are the range of the dry spot D and the distance of the irradiation opening 13Aa of the laser irradiation nozzle 13A to the workpiece 100. Alternatively, it is appropriately determined according to the distance of the injection port 13Ba of the first gas injection nozzle 13B to the workpiece 100, the distance of the injection port 13Ca of the second gas injection nozzle 13C to the workpiece 100, and the like. ..

Further, in the processing apparatus 11 to which the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment is applied, the above-described processing nozzle 13, the first gas supply unit 14 that supplies the assist gas to the first gas injection nozzle 13B, A second gas supply unit 15 that supplies a shield gas to the second gas injection nozzle 13C, and a processing head 12 provided as a processing area in the gas injection area of the first gas injection nozzle 13B are provided.

According to the processing apparatus 11, the processing accuracy can be improved by improving the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D by the air curtain AS.

By the way, FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. The processing apparatus 11 shown in FIG. 12 performs TIG welding. Therefore, the processing head 16 includes the welding torch 16A. The welding torch 16A is provided so as to penetrate the torch insertion nozzle 13E of the processing nozzle 13. The processing device 11 also includes a welding wire 16B at a position corresponding to the tip of the welding torch 16A. The welding wire 16B penetrates through the processing nozzle 13 and is supported thereby. With such a configuration, the processing apparatus 11 of the present embodiment can also perform TIG welding.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of the covering member in the processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing nozzle of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 13, the processing apparatus 21 of this embodiment processes the workpiece 100 in water. The processing includes, for example, welding and cutting, and the processing method includes, for example, laser processing. In the present embodiment, overlay welding by laser processing will be mainly described.

As shown in FIG. 13, the processing device 21 of this embodiment includes a processing head 22, a processing nozzle 23, a first gas supply unit 24, and a second gas supply unit 25.

The processing head 22 irradiates the laser beam 22A and is attached to the processing nozzle 23.

The processing nozzle 23 is underwater by a holding means (for example, a manipulator) not shown so as to irradiate the laser beam 22A emitted from the processing head 22 at a distance suitable for processing the processing portion 100A of the workpiece 100 underwater. Held in. The processing nozzle 23 includes a laser irradiation nozzle 23A, a first gas injection nozzle 23B, a second gas injection nozzle 23C, and a covering member 23D.

The laser irradiation nozzle 23A is a hole that is provided in the center of the processing nozzle 23 and allows the laser beam 22A emitted from the processing head 22 to pass therethrough, and is used to irradiate the processing portion 100A of the workpiece 100 with the laser beam 12A. It has an irradiation port 3Aa.

The first gas injection nozzle 23B is for injecting an assist gas, and is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the laser irradiation nozzle 23A as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, and is directed in a direction along the direction of the laser irradiation nozzle 23A. Formed as an open hole. In the present embodiment, the first gas injection nozzle 23B is formed as an annular hole so as to surround the laser irradiation nozzle 23A, as shown in FIG. In addition, although not explicitly shown in the drawing, the first gas injection nozzle 23B may be formed as a plurality of holes so as to surround the laser irradiation nozzle 23A. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the first gas injection nozzle 23B has the injection port 23Ba formed on the same plane as the irradiation port 23Aa of the laser irradiation nozzle 23A. In addition, although not explicitly shown in the drawing, the first gas injection nozzle 23B is behind the irradiation port 23Aa of the laser irradiation nozzle 23A in the direction of the laser irradiation nozzle 23A (opposite to the direction in which the laser beam 22A is irradiated). The injection port 23Ba may be provided in a recessed position, and the injection port 23Ba may be provided at a position protruding toward the front side (the side to which the laser beam 22A is irradiated) of the laser irradiation nozzle 23A with respect to the irradiation port 23Aa of the laser irradiation nozzle 23A. The injection port 23Ba may be provided.

The second gas injection nozzle 23C is for injecting a shield gas, and is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the first gas injection nozzle 23B as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, and is oriented in the direction of the first gas injection nozzle 23B. It is formed as a hole directed in the direction along the direction. In the present embodiment, the second gas injection nozzle 23C is formed as an annular hole so as to surround the first gas injection nozzle 23B, as shown in FIG. In addition, the second gas injection nozzle 23C may be formed as a plurality of holes so as to surround the periphery of the first gas injection nozzle 23B, although not shown in the drawing. In the present embodiment, the second gas injection nozzle 23C has the injection port 23Ca formed on the same plane as the injection port 23Ba of the first gas injection nozzle 23B, as shown in FIG. In addition, although not explicitly shown in the drawing, the second gas injection nozzle 23C is located behind the injection port 23Ba of the first gas injection nozzle 23B in the direction of the first gas injection nozzle 23B (in the direction in which the assist gas is injected). The injection port 23Ca may be provided at a position recessed on the opposite side, and the front side (the side on which the assist gas is injected) of the direction of the first gas injection nozzle 23B with respect to the injection port 23Ba of the first gas injection nozzle 23B. ) May be provided with the injection port 23Ca.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 15, the covering member 23D is arranged outside the second gas injection nozzle 23C. The covering member 23D is formed in a tubular shape surrounding the entire circumference of the second gas injection nozzle 23C, and the end portion on the second gas injection nozzle 23C side is closed. The covering member 23D is provided so as to extend along the direction of the second gas injection nozzle 23C. The extension length of the covering member 23D is longer than the processing position (focal position) by the laser beam 22A emitted from the processing head 22. The covering member 23D is formed of an elastic member and is formed so as to be expandable to the outside. As for the configuration in which the covering member 23D can be expanded to the outside, as shown in FIG. 15, a folded-back overlapping portion 23Da is provided at the extending end portion.

The first gas supply unit 24 supplies the assist gas to the first gas injection nozzle 23B. The first gas supply unit 24 is connected to the first gas injection nozzle 23B via the first gas supply pipe 24A, and includes a gas storage tank (not shown) arranged at a position out of the water. Gas is sent from the storage tank to the first gas supply pipe 24A by a compressor or the like to supply the assist gas to the first gas injection nozzle 23B, and the assist gas is injected from the first gas injection nozzle 23B.

The second gas supply unit 25 supplies the shield gas to the second gas injection nozzle 23C. The second gas supply unit 25 is connected to the second gas injection nozzle 23C via the second gas supply pipe 25A, and includes a gas storage tank (not shown) arranged at a position out of the water. The shield gas is supplied from the storage tank to the second gas supply pipe 25A by a compressor or the like to supply the shield gas to the second gas injection nozzle 23C, and the shield gas is injected from the second gas injection nozzle 23C.

In such a processing apparatus 21, as shown in FIG. 13, the processing nozzle 23 directs the irradiation port 23Aa of the laser irradiation nozzle 23A at a predetermined interval with respect to the processing region 100A of the underwater workpiece 100. Retained in form. Then, in the processing device 21, the assist gas supplied by the first gas supply unit 24 is injected from the first gas injection nozzle 23B. The assist gas injected from the first gas injection nozzle 23B reaches a part of the processing region 100A of the workpiece 100 around the laser beam 22A, and the gas injection region of the region is a dry spot. Formed as D. The processing head 22 is provided within the gas injection area of the first gas injection nozzle 23B as a processing area. Further, in the processing device 21, the shield gas supplied by the second gas supply unit 25 is injected from the second gas injection nozzle 23C. The shield gas injected from the second gas injection nozzle 23C reaches the workpiece 100 around the dry spot D, and forms an air curtain AS around the dry spot D by the air flow. The air curtain AS prevents water from flowing into the dry spot D.

Further, in the processing device 21 of the present embodiment, the extending end of the covering member 23D abuts on the workpiece 100, and the covering member 23D is elastically deformed and expanded outward, so that the dry spot is formed together with the air curtain AS. It will cover the periphery of D. As a result, in addition to the function of the air curtain AS, the shielding function of the covering member 23D is added, so that the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D can be improved.

Therefore, as described above, the processing nozzle 23 of the present embodiment surrounds the first gas injection nozzle 23B and the periphery of the first gas injection nozzle 23B and extends in the direction along the direction of the first gas injection nozzle 23B. The second gas injection nozzle 23C and the orientation of the second gas injection nozzle 23C, which is formed in a tubular shape surrounding the entire circumference of the second gas injection nozzle 23C and closes the end portion on the second gas injection nozzle 23C side. And a covering member 23D that is formed of an elastic member and that is expandable outward.

According to the processing nozzle 23, the dry spot D is formed on the processing portion 100A of the workpiece 100 by the assist gas injected from the first gas injection nozzle 23B, and the shield injected from the second gas injection nozzle 23C is also included. The gas forms an air curtain AS around the dry spot D, and the periphery of the air curtain AS by the second gas injection nozzle 23C is covered with the covering member 23D. Since the extending end of the covering member 23D contacts the workpiece 100 and the covering member 23D expands outward while being elastically deformed, the covering portion 23D covers the dry spot D together with the air curtain AS. The effect of preventing the inflow of water into the can be improved.

Further, in the processing nozzle 23 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, the second gas injection nozzle 23C is arranged with the injection port 23Ca facing outward, and the covering member 23D is the second gas injection nozzle 23C. It is arranged so as to extend outward along the direction.

According to this processing nozzle 23, the air curtain AS can be formed so as to spread toward the workpiece 100, and the covering member 23D spreads toward the workpiece 100 and comes into contact with the workpiece 100. The effect of resisting the external force is increased, and the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D can be further improved.

Further, in the processing device 21 to which the processing nozzle 23 of this embodiment is applied, the above-described processing nozzle 23, the first gas supply unit 24 that supplies the assist gas to the first gas injection nozzle 23B, A second gas supply unit 25 that supplies a shield gas to the second gas injection nozzle 23C and a processing head 22 provided as a processing area in the gas injection area of the first gas injection nozzle 23B are provided.

According to the processing apparatus 21, the processing accuracy can be improved by improving the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D by the covering member 23D in addition to the air curtain AS.

The covering member 23D of the present embodiment can be applied to the above-described second embodiment, whereby the effect of preventing water from flowing into the dry spot D in the second embodiment can be further improved. ..

By the way, FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. The processing apparatus 21 shown in FIG. 17 performs TIG welding. Therefore, the processing head 26 includes the welding torch 26A. The welding torch 26A is provided so as to penetrate the torch insertion nozzle 23E of the processing nozzle 23. The processing device 21 also includes a welding wire 26B at a position corresponding to the tip of the welding torch 26A. The welding wire 26B is supported by penetrating the processing nozzle 23. With such a configuration, the processing apparatus 21 of this embodiment can also perform TIG welding.

In addition, in each of the above-described embodiments, the outer shape of the processing nozzles 3, 13, and 23 is illustrated as a cylindrical shape, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, although not explicitly shown in the drawing, the outer shape of the processing nozzles 3, 13, 23 may be a polygonal prism shape, and depending on this shape, the laser irradiation nozzle 3A, the gas injection nozzle 3B, and the water injection nozzle 3C. Alternatively, the shape and arrangement of the auxiliary nozzle 3D are appropriately determined.

1 Processing Device 2 Processing Head 2A Laser Beam 3 Processing Nozzle 3A Laser Irradiation Nozzle 3Aa Irradiation Nozzle 3B Gas Injection Nozzle 3Ba Injection Nozzle 3C Water Injection Nozzle 3Ca Nozzle 3D Auxiliary Nozzle 3Da Passage 3Db, 3Dc Opening 3Dd Supporting Piece 3De Constriction Torch insertion nozzle 4 Gas supply part 4A Gas supply pipe 5 Water supply part 5A Water supply pipe 6 Processing head 6A Welding torch 6B Welding wire 11 Processing device 12 Processing head 12A Laser beam 13 Processing nozzle 13A Laser irradiation nozzle 13Aa Irradiation port 13B No. 1 gas injection nozzle 13Ba injection port 13C 2nd gas injection nozzle 13Ca injection port 13D protrusion 13E torch insertion nozzle 14 1st gas supply part 14A 1st gas supply pipe 15 2nd gas supply part 15A 2nd gas supply pipe 16 processing Head 16A Welding torch 16B Welding wire 21 Processing device 22 Processing head 22A Laser beam 23 Processing nozzle 23A Laser irradiation nozzle 23Aa Irradiation port 23B First gas injection nozzle 23Ba Injection port 23C Second gas injection nozzle 23Ca Injection port 23D Cover member 23Da Overlap Part 23E Torch insertion nozzle 24 First gas supply part 24A First gas supply pipe 25 Second gas supply part 25A Second gas supply pipe 26 Processing head 26A Welding torch 26B Welding wire 100 Workpiece 100A Processing part D Dry spot WS Water Curtain AS Air curtain P1 Pressure drop peak point

Claims (2)

A first gas injection nozzle,
A second gas injection nozzle arranged in a direction along the direction of the first gas injection nozzle while surrounding the periphery of the first gas injection nozzle,
It is formed in a tubular shape surrounding the entire circumference of the second gas injection nozzle and is provided so as to extend along the direction of the second gas injection nozzle while closing the end portion on the second gas injection nozzle side. A covering member formed of an elastic member and formed to be expandable to the outside,
Equipped with
The covering member, machining nozzle, characterized in Rukoto to have a folding return shaped overlapping portion extending end portion. A processing nozzle according to claim 1 ;
A first gas supply unit for supplying gas to the first gas injection nozzle,
A second gas supply unit for supplying gas to the second gas injection nozzle,
A processing head provided as a processing area in the gas injection area of the first gas injection nozzle,
A processing device comprising:

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