JP6688733B2 - コンフォーマルカバーを含む外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステム - Google Patents
コンフォーマルカバーを含む外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステム Download PDFInfo
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Images
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Description
本願は、2014年1月24日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/931,186号に基づく優先権を主張する。当該出願は、全文を引用することを以って本明細書の一部となす。
上記したように、本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムはコンフォーマルカバーを含む。コンフォーマルカバーは、吸水性を有することができ、かつ圧力を加えることによって創傷部位を固定しかつ少量の出血を最小限に抑えることによる圧迫を強化する利益をもたらすような弾性特性を有することができる。一実施形態では、コンフォーマルカバーに金属ナノ粒子(例えば銀ナノ粒子)を含浸させることができる。金属ナノ粒子は、流体バッグまたは他の格納容器から導入される酸素前駆体液体がコンフォーマルカバーと接触したときに酸素を発生させるための酸素触媒として機能することができるが、これについての詳細は後述する。別の実施形態では、酸素触媒は、例えば、炭酸塩(例えば重炭酸ナトリウム)、銅化合物、カタラーゼ、ペルオキシダーゼ、二酸化マンガン、ヨウ化物、またはヨウ化カリウムなどの、任意の他の適切な酸素触媒であってよい。
本発明の創傷ドレッシングシステムの生物活性粉体は、創部または創傷部位に直接適用することができ、抗菌薬、止血薬、生物毒素抑制薬、鎮痛薬、デブリードマン用薬、及び酸素触媒、例えば、金属ナノ粒子(例えば銀ナノ粒子)、炭酸塩(例えば重炭酸ナトリウム)、銅化合物、カタラーゼ、ペルオキシダーゼ、二酸化マンガン、ヨウ化物、ヨウ化カリウムなどうちの1つ以上を含むことができる。生物活性原料を生体適合性担体に取り入れるか、生体適合性担体と一体化させるか、生体適合性担体に加えることができる。さらに、生体適合性担体自体に生物活性特性を持たせることができる。
本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムで用いるために、任意の適切な抗菌薬が考えられる。抗菌薬の使用については、以下の文献にさらに実証されかつ説明されており、これらの文献は全て、本明細書と矛盾しない範囲で、引用を以って本明細書の一部となす:米国特許出願公開第2007/0048344号公報(特許文献28)、米国特許出願公開第2007/0048345号公報(特許文献29)、米国特許出願公開第2007/0048356号公報(特許文献30)、米国特許出願公開第2006/0140994号公報(特許文献31)、米国特許第8,203,029号明細書(特許文献32)、及び米国特許第8,551,517号明細書(特許文献33)。本発明で考慮される特定の抗菌薬については、以下に詳細に説明する。
本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムで使用することが考えられる1つの抗菌薬は、ポリヘキサメチレンビグアナイド(PHMB)である。PHMB(すなわち、ポリヘキサニド)は、化粧品、例えば、コンタクトレンズ洗浄液、おしぼりなどに使用されてきた長い歴史があるが、創傷ケア用途に使用可能な消毒薬である。PHMBは、洗浄液(ビー・ブラウン社製PRONTOSAN(登録商標))としても、SUPRASORB(登録商標)X+PHMB(ローマン&ラウシャー社製)などのバイオセルロースドレッシングにおいても利用可能である。濃度0.3%(例えば、SUPRASORB(登録商標)X+PHMBにおいて)及び濃度0.1%(例えば、PRONTOSAN(登録商標)において)で、PHMBは、非細胞毒性及び非刺激性であって、感作のリスクが非常に低いことが示された。PHMBは、広範囲の好気性及び嫌気性の細菌に対して、さらには、菌類、カビ、及び酵母に対しても効果的であることが分かっており、メチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌(MRSA)及びバンコマイシン耐性腸球菌(VRE)に対する効果が証明されている。
本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムでの使用が考えられる別の抗菌薬または消毒薬は、ビグアニド消毒薬であるクロルヘキシジンである。クロルヘキシジンは、消毒剤及び消毒薬溶液によく用いられてきた。クロルヘキシジン消毒薬溶液は、主として泌尿器科、婦人科、歯科において、及び創傷の治療において用いられる。これは殺菌性が高い。創傷洗浄用に約0.02%の濃度を用いることができる。他の研究では、クロルヘキシジンは創傷治癒時間を減少させることを示していた。クロルヘキシジン含有リンスもまた、術中に施行した場合には微生物の合併症を減少させるのに効果的であることを示していた。クロルヘキシジンは、2つの形態で、すなわち、創清浄用の0.05%希釈液と、術前皮膚消毒液及びハンドスクラブとして用いるための4%溶液とが作製される。最近になって、術前皮膚消毒用に2%溶液が利用可能になった。
本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムでの使用が考えられる別の抗菌薬は、銀である。治療における銀の潜在力は長い間認識されていた。銀の広範な殺菌作用と、細菌レベルが特定の閾値を超えると創傷治癒が妨げられるという理解とにより、創傷治癒を助けるために銀をベースにした製品が多数開発されてきた。そのような製品には、銀を含む塗り薬(テネシー州ブリストルに本社を置くキング・ファーマシューティカル社製スルファジアジン銀Silvadene)や、様々な種類の銀含有ドレッシング、例えば、フォームドレッシング(ジョージア州マリエッタに本社を置くコロプラスト社製Contreet Ag)、ハイドロコロイドドレッシング(コロプラスト社製Contreet H)、ハイドロファイバドレッシング(ニュージャージー州スキルマンに本社を置くコンバテック社製アクアセル(登録商標)Ag)、アルギン酸塩ドレッシング(マサチューセッツ州クインシーに本社を置くシスタジェニックス社製SILVERCEL(登録商標))、フィルムポリマードレッシング(イリノイ州マンデレインに本社を置くメドライン社製ARGLAES(登録商標))、またはナノ結晶銀を含むポリエチレンメッシュタイプのドレッシング(英国ハル市に本社を置くスミス・アンド・ネフュー社製ACTICOAT(登録商標)フレックス7)が含まれる。これらの製品は、反応性銀陽イオン[Ag+]の放出によって機能し、それによって、細胞の細胞壁の成分を崩壊させ、電子伝達系の微生物の呼吸酵素及び要素を阻害し、DNA及びRNAの合成及び機能を低下させ得る。
止血薬もまた、本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムでの使用が考えられ、血流損失防止及び/または凝固の恩恵を得るために止血薬を用いることができる。有用な止血薬は、ポリアクリル酸ポリマー、改質粘土及び、ポリアクリル酸ポリマーマトリックス中のCaCl2を含む。これら及び他の止血薬の使用については、以下の文献にさらに実証されかつ説明されており、これらの文献は全て、本明細書と矛盾しない範囲で、引用を以って本明細書の一部となす:米国特許第7,335,713号明細書(特許文献59)、及び米国特許第6,822,135号明細書(特許文献60)。
毒素隔離剤もまた、本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムでの使用が考えられる。毒素隔離剤は、改質粘土技術と、創部及び周辺組織との生物毒素相互作用を低下させるかまたはなくす任意の他の薬剤とを含む。これら及び他の毒素隔離剤の使用については、以下の文献にさらに実証されかつ説明されており、これらの文献は全て、本明細書と矛盾しない範囲で、引用を以って本明細書の一部となす:米国特許第6,551,607号明細書(特許文献61)、米国特許第6,521,241号明細書(特許文献62)、米国特許第6,485,733号明細書(特許文献63)、米国特許第6,517,848号明細書(特許文献64)、及び米国特許第8,110,215号明細書(特許文献65)。
鎮痛薬は公知であり、当分野で既知の任意の適切な局所性または全身性の鎮痛薬を本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムにおいて用いることができる。適切な例には、リドカイン、ベンゾカイン、またはプリロカインが含まれるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムは、1若しくは複数のデブリードマン用薬の使用も考慮する。デブリードマン用薬を使用することによって、救護所に到着次第すぐにデブリードマンを促進することができる。そのようなデブリードマン用薬群は、構造化界面活性剤技術と、創部及び周辺組織の洗浄及びデブリードマンを可能にする薬剤とを含む。これら及び他のデブリードマン用薬の使用については、以下の文献にさらに実証されかつ説明されており、これらの文献は全て、本明細書と矛盾しない範囲で、引用を以って本明細書の一部となす:米国特許第7,268,104号明細書(特許文献66)、米国特許第7,666,824号明細書(特許文献67)、米国特許第8,545,951号明細書(特許文献68)、及び米国特許第6,764,988号明細書(特許文献69)。
本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムは、改質粘土の使用も考慮する。改質粘土の使用については、以下の文献にさらに実証されかつ説明されており、これらの文献は全て、本明細書と矛盾しない範囲で、引用を以って本明細書の一部となす:米国特許第6,551,607号明細書(特許文献61)、米国特許第6,521,241号明細書(特許文献62)、米国特許第6,517,848号明細書(特許文献64)、及び米国特許第6,485,733号明細書(特許文献63)。いくつかの実施形態では、本発明の粘土は、有機親和改質粘土または非有機親和改質粘土であってよい。有機親和改質粘土とは、天然材料の表面に比較的疎水性の材料を加えることによって、天然に存在する電荷を著しく減少させたものを意味する。例えば、粘土の変性は、フェノール、第4級アンモニウム、メタクリル酸メチル化合物による誘導体化を含む様々な技術を用いて実現されている。例えば、本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングの有機親和改質粘土成分を作製する際に用いることができる第4級アンモニウム化合物は、1つか2つの長鎖置換基、例えば14〜20炭素原子と、2つか3つの短鎖置換基、例えばメチル基とを有し得る。1つの特に適切な第4級アンモニウム化合物は、ジメチル二水素化牛脂アンモニウムクロリドである。牛脂は、18炭素原子を含むステアリン酸の大部分を含んでいるので、結果として得られる粘土は、クオタニウム18粘土、例えば、クオタニウム18ベントナイトやクオタニウム18ヘクトライトと呼ばれることが多い。そのような有機親和性粘土の組成及び作製は公知である。一実施形態では、本発明に用いられる有機親和改質粘土は、クオタニウム18ベントナイトである。その一方で、1価及び2価の陽イオン、例えば、リチウム、ナトリウムまたはカリウムなどの無機対イオンを付加するなどの他の若干の処理変更によって、非有機親和改質粘土が形成される。
コンフォーマルカバー及び生物活性粉体成分を含むことに加えて、本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムは、液体成分を含むこともできる。外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムを用いて創傷部位を被覆する前に、インフュージョンポンプに接続可能な点滴静注バッグと同様のバッグまたは任意の他の適切な格納容器内に生物活性液体を収容しておくことができる。バッグまたは任意の他の適切な格納容器からの液体は、コンフォーマルカバーを創傷部位に適用する前、適用中、または適用後にコンフォーマルカバーの内部に染み込ませることができるように、ポンプによってコンフォーマルカバーに注入することができる。液体は、止血薬、抗菌薬、生物毒素抑制薬、鎮痛薬、デブリードマン用薬、及び酸素発生のための前駆体(例えば、過酸化物などの反応物質)のうちの1つ以上を含むことができる。止血薬、抗菌薬、生物毒素抑制薬、鎮痛薬、及びデブリードマン用薬については、生物活性粉体に関して既に説明した。いくつかの実施形態では、液体成分は特定の原料のための生体適合性担体を含み得ると考えられる。例えば、1若しくは複数の原料を、液体に溶け込ませたり含めたりすることができる生体適合性担体に取り入れるか、生体適合性担体と一体化させるか、生体適合性担体に加えることができ、かつ生体適合性担体自体に生物活性特性を持たせることができる。
本発明の外傷性創傷ドレッシングシステムの別の特徴は、コンフォーマルカバー内で酸素を発生させるとともにその後引き続きこの酸素を創部及び周辺組織に運搬する能力である。
Claims (12)
- 創傷ドレッシングシステムであって、
流体ポート及び酸素触媒を含み、かつ多層材料を有するコンフォーマルカバーであって、前記多層材料は、外側保護層と、弾性層と、通気性層と、内側吸収層とを含み、前記酸素触媒は少なくとも前記内側吸収層に含まれる、該コンフォーマルカバーと、
前記コンフォーマルカバーに対して前記流体ポートを介して酸素前駆体を含む生物活性液体を送達するように構成されたインフュージョンポンプと、
生物活性粉体を収容し、粉体ディスペンサを備える容器とを含み、
前記生物活性粉体は、創傷部位の上にハイドロゲルシールを形成するように構成されることを特徴とするシステム。 - 前記コンフォーマルカバーが、前記創傷部位の周りにスリーブを形成するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記酸素触媒が、金属ナノ粒子、炭酸塩、銅化合物、カタラーゼ、ペルオキシダーゼ、二酸化マンガン、ヨウ化物、ヨウ化カリウム、またはそれらの組合せを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記金属ナノ粒子が銀であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 前記生物活性液体が、止血薬、抗菌薬、生物毒素抑制薬、鎮痛薬、デブリードマン用薬、またはそれらの組合せをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記酸素前駆体が過酸化物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記過酸化物が、過酸化水素、過酸化マンニトール、過酸化尿素、有機過酸化物、またはそれらの組合せを含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載のシステム。
- 前記酸素触媒及び前記酸素前駆体が、互いに組み合わせられたときに酸素を発生するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記生物活性粉体が、止血薬、抗菌薬、生物毒素抑制薬、鎮痛薬、デブリードマン用薬、またはそれらの組合せを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記コンフォーマルカバーが、不織布複合材料であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記内側吸収層が、前記コンフォーマルカバーが前記創傷部位の周りに配置されたときに前記創傷部位に隣接して配置されるように構成され、かつ前記内側吸収層は、界面活性剤でコーティングされていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記インフュージョンポンプがエラストマー製であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
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US10568771B2 (en) | 2020-02-25 |
US20170007461A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
JP2017505165A (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
EP3096727A1 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
CA2937346A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
AU2015209243A1 (en) | 2016-07-07 |
EP3096727B1 (en) | 2018-03-14 |
AU2015209243B2 (en) | 2019-01-17 |
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