JP6683882B1 - Optical laminate, flexible display device, and method for producing optical laminate - Google Patents

Abstract

An optical laminate having excellent optical homogeneity, a flexible display device including the optical laminate, and a method for manufacturing the optical laminate are provided. An optical laminate having an optical film containing a polyimide resin and / or a polyamide resin, and a functional layer laminated on at least one side of the optical film, the optical film or the optical laminate being used. In the film reciprocal space image obtained by Fourier transforming the projection image obtained by the projection method, the line profiles in the directions h and v orthogonal to each other are set as the line profile h and the line profile v, respectively. Line profiles in a direction h ′ and a direction v ′ which are orthogonal to each other in a background inverse space image obtained by Fourier transforming a background image obtained without using a laminate are set as a line profile h ′ and a line profile v ′, respectively. Obtained by subtracting the line profile h'from h The maximum intensity of the line profile (h-h ') is Ymh, the frequency indicating the maximum intensity Ymh is Xmh, and the maximum intensity of the line profile (v-v') obtained by subtracting the line profile v'from the line profile v is Ymv and Ymv are the frequencies showing the maximum intensity Ymv, Ymh and Ymv are both 40 or less, and Ymh, Ymv, Xmh, and Xmv satisfy the following relationship: [Selection diagram] Fig. 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an optical layered body, a flexible display device including the optical layered body, and a method for manufacturing the optical layered body.

  An optical film used in an image display device such as a liquid crystal display device or an organic EL display device has a very high optical homogeneity because a user directly visually recognizes an image displayed through the optical film. Required.

  As a method for producing such an optical film, a method is used in which a solution containing a volatile solvent and a resin forming the optical film is applied onto a substrate, dried and then peeled off (for example, Patent Document 1). 1). In such a manufacturing method involving coating and drying, uneven thickness and uneven orientation may occur depending on the coating conditions and drying conditions. Even when the film has a level of unevenness that cannot be visually confirmed, when it is finally incorporated as an optical film in an image display device, the optical homogeneity is impaired due to such unevenness, and the image Distortion and the like may be visually recognized. Therefore, a film used as an optical film in an image display device is required to have optical homogeneity with a very high accuracy, which is difficult to visually confirm. Therefore, there is still a demand for further improvement of the optical homogeneity of the film.

  As an optical film in which unevenness of the film is suppressed, for example, in Patent Document 1, in a rectangular area cut out from a projected image of a polyimide optical film, a standard deviation σ of gray scale and a black portion in a binarized image of the rectangular area A polyimide optical film having an area adjusted within a predetermined range is described. Patent Document 2 describes an optical transparent film in which the variation in the brightness of the transmitted light within the film surface is within 15% of the average brightness with a standard deviation. In Patent Document 3, light from a light source unit is applied to a lattice plate, light transmitted through the lattice plate is projected as a lattice image, the lattice image is photographed, and the distortion of the lattice image causes three-dimensional measurement of an object to be measured. A shape measuring method by a fringe projection method for digitizing a system shape is described.

International Publication No. 2016/152459 JP 9-48866 A JP, 2011-226871, A

However, any of the methods described in the above patent documents, with a very high accuracy required for an optical film as used in an image display device, a method sufficient to evaluate the optical homogeneity of the film. I can't say. Since the method described in Patent Document 1 is an evaluation in an analysis area of 1 cm × 5 cm, it is not a method that can sufficiently evaluate a decrease in optical homogeneity due to unevenness occurring in the vertical direction. The method described in Patent Document 2 is not a method that can accurately evaluate deterioration in optical homogeneity due to light and thin unevenness in which the difference in brightness of transmitted light is small.
Since the method described in Patent Document 3 is a method for detecting a shape, it is not possible to evaluate a decrease in optical homogeneity due to unevenness in the refractive index. Therefore, it cannot be said that the films obtained by these methods have sufficient optical homogeneity.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and is preferably used as an optical film in an image display device or the like, an optical layered body having excellent optical homogeneity, and a flexible layer including the optical layered body. An object of the present invention is to provide a display device and a method for manufacturing the optical laminate.

を満たす、光学積層体。
〔２〕ポリイミド系樹脂及び／又はポリアミド系樹脂を含む光学フィルムと、該光学フィルムの少なくとも片面に積層された機能層とを有する光学積層体であって、
前記光学積層体を用いて投影法により得た投影画像をフーリエ変換して得たフィルム逆空間像において互いに直交する方向ｈ及び方向ｖにおけるラインプロファイルをそれぞれラインプロファイルｈ及びラインプロファイルｖとし、前記投影法において前記光学積層体を用いずに得た背景画像をフーリエ変換して得た背景逆空間像において互いに直交する方向ｈ’及び方向ｖ’におけるラインプロファイルをそれぞれラインプロファイルｈ’及びラインプロファイルｖ’とし、ラインプロファイルｈからラインプロファイルｈ’を引いて得たラインプロファイル（ｈ−ｈ’）の最大強度をＹ_ｍｈとし、最大強度Ｙ_ｍｈを示す周波数をＸ_ｍｈとし、ラインプロファイルｖからラインプロファイルｖ’を引いて得たラインプロファイル（ｖ−ｖ’）の最大強度をＹ_ｍｖとし、最大強度Ｙ_ｍｖを示す周波数をＸ_ｍｖとすると、Ｙ_ｍｈ及びＹ_ｍｖはいずれも４０以下であり、Ｙ_ｍｈ、Ｙ_ｍｖ、Ｘ_ｍｈ及びＸ_ｍｖは、次の関係：

を満たす、光学積層体。
〔３〕機能層の少なくとも１つは、ハードコート機能、帯電防止機能、防眩機能、低反射機能、反射防止機能及び防汚機能からなる群から選択される少なくとも１つの機能を備える層である、前記〔１〕又は〔２〕に記載の光学積層体。
〔４〕光学積層体の少なくとも一方の面の鉛筆硬度はＨ以上である、前記〔１〕〜〔３〕のいずれかに記載の光学積層体。
〔５〕光学積層体の少なくとも一方の面の表面抵抗率は１．０×１０^１３Ω／ｓｑ以下である、前記〔１〕〜〔４〕のいずれかに記載の光学積層体。
〔６〕光学積層体の黄色度は３．０以下である、前記〔１〕〜〔５〕のいずれかに記載の光学積層体。
〔７〕幅方向の長さが２０ｃｍ以上、長さ方向の長さが１ｍ以上である、前記〔１〕〜〔６〕のいずれかに記載の光学積層体。
〔８〕フレキシブル表示装置の前面板用のフィルムである、前記〔１〕〜〔７〕のいずれかに記載の光学積層体。
〔９〕前記〔１〕〜〔８〕のいずれかに記載の光学積層体を備えるフレキシブル表示装置。
〔１０〕タッチセンサをさらに備える、前記〔９〕に記載のフレキシブル表示装置。
〔１１〕偏光板をさらに備える、前記〔９〕又は〔１０〕に記載のフレキシブル表示装置。
〔１２〕前記〔１〕〜〔８〕のいずれかに記載の光学積層体の製造方法であって、
（ａ）ポリイミド系樹脂及び／又はポリアミド系樹脂、ならびに溶媒を少なくとも含有するワニスを支持体上に塗布し、乾燥させ、塗膜を形成させる工程、
（ｂ）支持体から塗膜を剥離する工程、
（ｃ）剥離した塗膜を加熱し、フィルムを得る工程、及び、
（ｄ）フィルムの少なくとも片面に機能層を積層し、光学積層体を得る工程
を少なくとも含む、製造方法。 MEANS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM The present inventors solve the above-mentioned problems by evaluating the optical homogeneity of the optical film or the optical laminate with high accuracy, and the optical homogeneity and the optical homogeneity of the optical film or the optical laminate. We have conducted intensive studies on a method for improving the characteristics. As a result, they have found that an optical laminate satisfying the following requirements has excellent optical homogeneity, and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention includes the following aspects.
[1] An optical laminate having an optical film containing a polyimide resin and / or a polyamide resin, and a functional layer laminated on at least one surface of the optical film,
In the film reciprocal space image obtained by Fourier transforming a projection image obtained by a projection method using the optical film, line profiles in directions h and v orthogonal to each other are set as a line profile h and a line profile v, respectively. In the background inverse space image obtained by Fourier transforming the background image obtained without using the film, line profiles in a direction h ′ and a direction v ′ orthogonal to each other are defined as a line profile h ′ and a line profile v ′, respectively. The maximum intensity of the line profile (h−h ′) obtained by subtracting the line profile h ′ from the profile h is Y _mh , the frequency indicating the maximum intensity Y _mh is X _mh, and the line profile v ′ is subtracted from the line profile v. Maximum of line profile (vv ') obtained by The degrees and _{Y mv,} and the frequency showing the maximum intensity _{Y mv} and _{X mv, Y mh} and _{Y mv} is any even 40 or _{less, Y mh, Y mv, X} mh and _{X mv} is the following relationship:

An optical laminate satisfying the above conditions.
[2] An optical laminate having an optical film containing a polyimide resin and / or a polyamide resin, and a functional layer laminated on at least one surface of the optical film,
In the film reciprocal space image obtained by Fourier transforming the projection image obtained by the projection method using the optical laminate, the line profiles in the directions h and v orthogonal to each other are set as the line profile h and the line profile v, respectively. In the background inverse space image obtained by Fourier transforming the background image obtained without using the optical laminate in the method, the line profiles in the direction h ′ and the direction v ′ orthogonal to each other are the line profile h ′ and the line profile v ′, respectively. Let Y _{mh be} the maximum intensity of the line profile (h−h ′) obtained by subtracting the line profile h ′ from the line profile h, and let X _mh be the frequency indicating the maximum intensity Y _mh. Maximum of line profile (vv ') obtained by subtracting' The degrees and _{Y mv,} and the frequency showing the maximum intensity _{Y mv} and _{X mv, Y mh} and _{Y mv} is any even 40 or _{less, Y mh, Y mv, X} mh and _{X mv} is the following relationship:

An optical laminate satisfying the above conditions.
[3] At least one of the functional layers is a layer having at least one function selected from the group consisting of a hard coat function, an antistatic function, an antiglare function, a low reflection function, an antireflection function and an antifouling function. The optical laminate according to the above [1] or [2].
[4] The optical laminate according to any one of the above [1] to [3], wherein the pencil hardness of at least one surface of the optical laminate is H or more.
[5] The optical laminate according to any one of the above [1] to [4], wherein the surface resistivity of at least one surface of the optical laminate is 1.0 × 10 ¹³ Ω / sq or less.
[6] The optical layered body according to any one of the above [1] to [5], wherein the optical layered body has a yellowness of 3.0 or less.
[7] The optical laminate according to any one of the above [1] to [6], having a widthwise length of 20 cm or more and a lengthwise length of 1 m or more.
[8] The optical laminate according to any one of [1] to [7], which is a film for a front plate of a flexible display device.
[9] A flexible display device including the optical laminate according to any one of [1] to [8].
[10] The flexible display device according to [9], further including a touch sensor.
[11] The flexible display device according to [9] or [10], further including a polarizing plate.
[12] The method for producing an optical layered body according to any one of [1] to [8],
(A) a step of applying a varnish containing at least a polyimide-based resin and / or a polyamide-based resin, and a solvent on a support and drying the varnish to form a coating film,
(B) a step of peeling the coating film from the support,
(C) heating the peeled coating film to obtain a film, and
(D) A manufacturing method including at least a step of laminating a functional layer on at least one surface of a film to obtain an optical laminate.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the optical laminated body excellent in optical homogeneity, the flexible display device provided with this optical laminated body, and the manufacturing method of this optical laminated body can be provided.

It is a schematic diagram showing an example of arrangement in a process of obtaining a projection image. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining the arrangement in the process of obtaining the projected image in the example and the comparative example. _Y max in the line profile _is a diagram for explaining the _{X max} and _{X cen.} 5 is a diagram showing a line profile before normalization obtained from the projected image of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a standardized line profile obtained from a projected image of Example 1; FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a standardized line profile obtained from the background image of the first embodiment. 6 is a diagram showing a line profile obtained by subtracting a normalized line profile obtained from a background image of Example 1 from a normalized line profile obtained from a projected image of Example 1. FIG. The figure which shows the line profile obtained by smoothing the line profile obtained by subtracting the standardized line profile obtained from the background image of Example 1 from the standardized line profile obtained from the projected image of Example 1. Is.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described here, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

を満たす、光学積層体である。 The optical laminate of the present invention is, in one embodiment of the present invention, an optical laminate having an optical film containing a polyimide resin and / or a polyamide resin, and a functional layer laminated on at least one surface of the optical film. hand,
In the film reciprocal space image obtained by Fourier transforming the projection image obtained by the projection method using the optical film, line profiles in directions h and v orthogonal to each other are line profiles h and v, respectively. In the background inverse space image obtained by Fourier transforming the background image obtained without using the optical film, line profiles in directions h ′ and v ′ which are orthogonal to each other are defined as line profiles h ′ and v ′, respectively. The maximum intensity of the line profile (h-h ') obtained by subtracting the line profile _h'is Y _mh , the frequency indicating the maximum intensity Y _mh is X _mh , and the line profile _v'is subtracted from the line profile v. _Let Y _{mv be} the maximum intensity of the line profile (vv ′), and maximum intensity Y _mv Is X _mv , Y _mh and Y _mv are both 40 or less, and Y _mh , Y _mv , X _mh and X _mv have the following relationship:

It is an optical laminated body which satisfies the above.

を満たす、光学積層体である。ここで、方向ｈ及び方向ｈ’は互いに対応する方向であり、方向ｖ及び方向ｖ’は互いに対応する方向である。これら方向が対応するとは、方位角が同じであることを意味する。 In another aspect of the present invention, the optical laminate of the present invention is an optical laminate having an optical film containing a polyimide resin and / or a polyamide resin, and a functional layer laminated on at least one surface of the optical film. And
Line profiles h and v in the film reciprocal space image obtained by Fourier transforming the projection image obtained by the projection method using the optical laminate are line profiles h and v, respectively. Line profiles in a direction h ′ and a direction v ′ which are orthogonal to each other in a background inverse space image obtained by Fourier transforming a background image obtained without using the optical layered product are line profiles h ′ and v ′, respectively. The maximum intensity of the line profile (h−h ′) obtained by subtracting the line profile h ′ from h is Y _mh , the frequency indicating the maximum intensity Y _mh is X _mh, and the line profile v ′ is subtracted from the line profile v. _Let Y _{mv be} the maximum intensity of the obtained line profile (vv ′), and show the maximum intensity Y _mv . When the to the frequency and _{X mv, Y mh} and _{Y mv} is any even 40 or _{less, Y mh, Y mv, X} mh and _{X mv} is the following relationship:

It is an optical laminated body which satisfies the above. Here, the direction h and the direction h ′ are mutually corresponding directions, and the direction v and the direction v ′ are mutually corresponding directions. The correspondence of these directions means that the azimuth angles are the same.

The optical layered body of the present invention is an optical layered body satisfying the above-mentioned characteristics as a result of evaluating Y _{mh and the} like using the optical film contained in the optical layered body of the present invention or the optical layered body of the present invention as a measurement film. It is the body. The optical layered body of the present invention satisfying such characteristics has high optical homogeneity. The optical layered body of the present invention has excellent optical homogeneity and is particularly preferably used as an optical layered body in an image display device. Here, the optical homogeneity of the film is closely related to the surface unevenness, the thickness unevenness, the orientation unevenness, and the like of the film, and if these unevennesses occur, the optical homogeneity deteriorates. Therefore, it can be said that the optical layered body of the present invention having excellent optical homogeneity is a film in which unevenness such as surface unevenness, thickness unevenness, and alignment unevenness is reduced.

An optical film included in the optical laminate of the present invention, or a film inverse space image obtained by Fourier transforming a projection image obtained by a projection method using the optical laminate of the present invention as a measurement film, and the projection The background inverse space image obtained by Fourier transforming the background image obtained without using the measurement film in the method is not particularly limited as long as it is obtained by Fourier transform from the projection image and the background image, for example, ,
(1) A step of irradiating light from a light source onto a measurement film (optical film or optical laminate) and obtaining a projection image by a projection method of projecting light transmitted through the measurement film onto a projection surface,
(2) a step of obtaining a background image by projecting light from a light source onto a projection surface without using a measurement film in the projection method of step (1),
as well as,
(3) The projected image obtained in the step (1) and the background image obtained in the step (2) are each digitized by gray scale conversion, and the digitized image data is Fourier transformed to obtain an inverse space image (film inverse space image). And a background inverse space image). By evaluating the surface quality of the measurement film using the reciprocal space image, it is possible to analyze the shading and period of the unevenness.

  The method of obtaining the inverse space image by Fourier transform from the projection image of the measurement film by the projection method is not particularly limited, but, for example, the method described later for the evaluation step may be used.

Next, (4) a blank-corrected line profile is obtained by subtracting each line profile in the two directions orthogonal in the inverse space image of the background image from each line profile in the two directions orthogonal to the inverse space image of the projection image. And (5) maximum intensities Y _max (Y _mh and Y _mv , respectively) of the blank-corrected line profile obtained in step (4), and maximum intensities Y _max (Y _mh and Y _mh and Y _mh in each line profile). Y _mv) measuring the frequency _X max _{(X mh} and _{X mv)} showing the. For example, a case where a line profile is created in each of the horizontal direction (h1 direction) and the vertical direction (v1 direction) passing through the center of the reciprocal space image will be described below. The line profile is shown as a graph showing frequency on the X axis and intensity on the Y axis, as shown in FIG. 3, for example. Then, the maximum intensity Y _max in the horizontal (h1 direction) line profile is set to Y _mh1, and the value X _max obtained by subtracting the median X _cen of all frequencies in the blank-corrected line profile from the frequency indicating the maximum intensity Y _mh1. X _mh1 . Also, the maximum intensity Y _max in the vertical (v1 direction) line profile is Y _mv1, and the value X _max obtained by subtracting the median X _cen of all frequencies in the blank-corrected line profile from the frequency indicating the maximum intensity Y _mv1. X _mv1 . In the above example, the horizontal direction (h1 direction) passing through the center of the aerial image and the vertical direction (v1 direction) are selected as two orthogonal directions, but the two directions (h direction and v direction) are orthogonal to each other. It is not particularly limited as long as it is provided, and it may be two directions that do not pass through the center, or may not be the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. In the present specification, "blank-corrected line profile" means line profiles in two directions orthogonal to each other in an inverse space image of a projection image to each line in two directions orthogonal to each other in an inverse space image of a background image. It means a line profile obtained by subtracting each profile. By the above operation, the baseline of the line profile in the inverse space image of the projection image can be corrected.

The above Y _mh and Y _mv obtained by using the optical film contained in the optical laminate of the present invention as a measuring film are both 40 or less. When Y _mh or Y _mv exceeds 40, the optical homogeneity of the optical film cannot be said to be sufficient, and the optical homogeneity of the optical laminate may not be sufficient. In particular, the optical homogeneity of the optical laminate including such an optical film cannot be said to be sufficient for use in an image display device, and image distortion and the like cannot be sufficiently reduced. From the viewpoint of easily increasing the optical homogeneity of the optical layered body and easily improving the image visibility in the image display device, Y _mh and Y _mv are preferably 35 or less, more preferably 32 or less, and further preferably 30 or less. , More preferably 28 or less, particularly preferably 26 or less. The smaller Y _mh and Y _mv are, the better. The lower limit is not particularly limited and may be 0 or more, and is usually 1 or more. The above-described preferable descriptions also apply to the above Y _mh and Y _mv obtained by using the optical laminate of the present invention as a measurement film.

を満たす。（Ｙ_ｍｈ＋Ｙ_ｍｖ）／（Ｘ_ｍｈ＋Ｘ_ｍｖ）^１／２の値が３０を超えると、光学的均質性が十分でないために画面の歪み等が生じやすい。（Ｙ_ｍｈ＋Ｙ_ｍｖ）／（Ｘ_ｍｈ＋Ｘ_ｍｖ）^１／２の値の上限は、光学的均質性をより高めやすい観点から、好ましくは２５以下、より好ましくは２２以下、さらに好ましくは２０以下、さらに好ましくは１９．５以下、さらに好ましくは１９以下、さらに好ましくは１８以下、さらに好ましくは１７以下、さらに好ましくは１６以下、さらに好ましくは１４以下、さらに好ましくは１３以下、特に好ましくは９以下である。（Ｙ_ｍｈ＋Ｙ_ｍｖ）／（Ｘ_ｍｈ＋Ｘ_ｍｖ）^１／２の値は小さければ小さいほどよく、その下限は特に限定されず０以上であればよく、通常は０．５以上である。本発明の光学積層体を測定フィルムとして用いて得られる上記Ｙ_ｍｈ、Ｙ_ｍｖ、Ｘ_ｍｈ及びＸ_ｍｖについても、上記好ましい記載が同様にあてはまる。 Using the optical film contained in the optical laminate of the present invention as a measurement film, Y _mh , Y _mv , X _mh and X _mv obtained as described above have the following relationship:

Meet When the value of (Y _mh + Y _mv ) / (X _mh + X _mv ) ^1/2 is more than 30, optical homogeneity is insufficient, and thus distortion of the screen is likely to occur. The upper limit of the value of (Y _mh + Y _mv ) / (X _mh + X _mv ) ^1/2 is preferably 25 or less, more preferably 22 or less, still more preferably 20 or less, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the optical homogeneity. More preferably 19.5 or less, further preferably 19 or less, more preferably 18 or less, further preferably 17 or less, further preferably 16 or less, further preferably 14 or less, further preferably 13 or less, particularly preferably 9 or less. is there. The smaller the value of (Y _mh + Y _mv ) / (X _mh + X _mv ) ^1/2 , the better. The lower limit is not particularly limited and may be 0 or more, and is usually 0.5 or more. The above-mentioned preferable description is similarly applied to the above Y _mh , Y _mv , X _mh and X _mv obtained by using the optical laminate of the present invention as a measuring film.

を満たすことが好ましい。なお、上記の式中、Ｘ_ｍはＸ_ｍｈ又はＸ_ｍｖを表し、Ｘ_ｍｈ及びＸ_ｍｖのいずれもが上記式を満たすことが好ましい。｜Ｘ_ｍ−Ｘ_ｃｅｎ｜の下限は、より好ましくは０．５ｃｍ^−１以上、さらに好ましくは１．０ｃｍ^−１以上である。また、｜Ｘ_ｍ−Ｘ_ｃｅｎ｜の上限は、より好ましくは８．０ｃｍ^−１以下、さらに好ましくは６．０ｃｍ^−１以下である。ムラとして視認されない光学的均質性を備えることと、生産性とを考慮すると、光学フィルム又は光学積層体におけるＸ_ｍｈ及びＸ_ｍｖが上記関係を満たすことが好ましい。 Using the optical film included in the optical laminate of the present invention or the optical laminate of the present invention as the measurement film, the median of all frequencies in the blank-corrected line profile obtained as described above is defined as X _cen . . For example, in the line profile shown in FIG. 3, the total frequency is 90 cm ⁻¹ , and the median value of 45 cm ⁻¹ is X _cen . Here, X _cen and X _mh and X _mv obtained as described above have the following relationship:

It is preferable to satisfy. In the above formula, X _m represents X _mh or X _mv , and both X _mh and X _mv preferably satisfy the above formula. The lower limit of | X _m −X _cen | is more preferably 0.5 cm ⁻¹ or more, still more preferably 1.0 cm ⁻¹ or more. Further, the upper limit of | X _m −X _cen | is more preferably 8.0 cm ⁻¹ or less, still more preferably 6.0 cm ⁻¹ or less. In consideration of having optical homogeneity that is not visually recognized as unevenness and productivity, it is preferable that X _mh and X _mv in the optical film or the optical laminate satisfy the above relationship.

  The pencil hardness of at least one surface of the optical layered body of the present invention is preferably H or higher, more preferably 2H or higher, even more preferably 3H or higher, and particularly preferably 4H or higher. When the pencil hardness of at least one surface of the optical layered body is equal to or higher than the above hardness, it is easy to prevent scratches and the like on the surface of the optical layered body. The above pencil hardness is preferably the pencil hardness of the surface having the functional layer (preferably hard coat layer) of the optical layered body of the present invention. The pencil hardness can be measured according to JIS K 5600-5-4: 1999, and can be measured, for example, by the method described in Examples.

The surface resistivity of at least one surface of the optical layered body of the present invention is preferably 1.0 × 10 ¹³ Ω / sq or less, more preferably 5.0 × 10 ¹² Ω / sq or less, and further preferably 1.0. × 10 ¹² Ω / sq or less. When the surface resistivity is at most the above upper limit, it is easy to obtain a sufficient antistatic function. The surface resistivity of at least one surface of the optical layered body of the present invention is preferably 1.0 from the viewpoint of easily ensuring the operability of the touch panel when the optical layered body of the present invention is used in combination with the touch panel. It is not less than × 10 ⁷ Ω / sq, more preferably not less than 5.0 × 10 ⁷ Ω / sq, still more preferably not less than 1.0 × 10 ⁸ Ω / sq. The surface resistivity is preferably the surface resistivity of the surface having the functional layer (preferably the antistatic functional layer) of the optical layered body of the present invention. The surface resistivity can be measured according to JIS K 6911, and can be measured, for example, by the method described in Examples.

  In the optical layered body of the present invention, the reflectance of the optical layered body when light is incident from the surface having the functional layer is preferably 3.0% or less, more preferably 2.0% or less, and further preferably 1. It is 0% or less. The reflectance in this specification means the luminosity correction reflectance, and specifically, the spectral reflectance in the wavelength range of 350 to 900 nm at a reflection angle of 12 degrees when light is incident at an incidence angle of 12 degrees. It means the reflectance obtained by correcting the luminosity (that is, the regular reflectance at an incident angle of 12 degrees) by the 2 degree visual field (C light source) of JIS Z 8701. The reflectance can be measured using a spectrophotometer or the like. In the measurement of reflectance, for the purpose of eliminating the possibility that the reflection from the surface on the side opposite to the functional layer surface on which light is incident affects the measurement value, and for the purpose of preventing warpage of the optical laminate, A sample in which the surface of the optical layered body opposite to the surface on which the light is incident is bonded to a black plate (black acrylic plate or the like) using an optically transparent adhesive is used as a measurement sample.

  The yellowness (YI value) of the optical layered body of the present invention is preferably 3.0 or less, more preferably 2.7 or less, still more preferably 2.5 or less, and particularly preferably 2.0 or less. When the yellowness of the optical layered product is less than or equal to the above upper limit, it is easy to improve the transparency, and it is easy to increase the visibility when used for the front plate of a display device, for example. The yellowness is usually -5 or more, preferably -2 or more, more preferably 0 or more, further preferably 0.3 or more, further preferably 0.5 or more, particularly preferably 0.7 or more. The yellowness index (YI) was measured according to JIS K 7373: 2006 using a UV-visible near-infrared spectrophotometer to measure the transmittance for light of 300 to 800 nm, and tristimulus values (X, Y, Z). And YI = 100 × (1.2769X−1.0592Z) / Y.

  The total light transmittance of the optical layered body of the present invention is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more, still more preferably 90% or more. When the total light transmittance is at least the above lower limit, it is easy to improve the visibility when the optical laminate is incorporated into an image display device. The optical layered body of the present invention has high optical homogeneity and exhibits high transmittance, and therefore, for example, as compared with the case of using a film having low transmittance, a display element or the like necessary for obtaining a constant brightness. It is possible to suppress the emission intensity. Therefore, power consumption can be reduced. For example, when the optical layered body of the present invention is incorporated into a display device, bright display tends to be obtained even if the light amount of the backlight is reduced, which can contribute to energy saving. The upper limit of the total light transmittance is usually 100% or less. The total light transmittance can be measured using a haze computer according to JIS K 7361-1: 1997, for example. The total light transmittance may be the total light transmittance in the range of the thickness of the optical layered body described later.

  The haze of the optical layered body of the present invention is preferably 3.0% or less, more preferably 2.0% or less, still more preferably 1.0% or less, still more preferably 0.5% or less, and particularly preferably 0. It is less than or equal to 3%. When the haze of the optical layered body is less than or equal to the above upper limit, the transparency becomes good, and when it is used for a front plate of an image display device, the visibility of the image is likely to be enhanced. The lower limit of haze is usually 0.01% or more. The haze can be measured using a haze computer according to JIS K 7136: 2000.

  The thickness of the optical layered body of the present invention may be appropriately adjusted depending on the application, but is preferably 25 μm or more, more preferably 27 μm or more, further preferably 30 μm or more, preferably 100 μm or less, more preferably 90 μm. Hereafter, it is more preferably 85 μm or less. The thickness of the optical layered body can be measured with a film thickness meter or the like, and can be measured, for example, by the method described in Examples.

The optical layered body of the present invention has an optical film containing a polyimide resin and / or a polyamide resin, and a functional layer laminated on at least one surface of the optical film. From the viewpoint of easily producing an optical film having high homogeneity having the above-mentioned characteristics related to Y _mh and / or easily producing an optical laminate having high homogeneity having the above-mentioned characteristics, in the optical laminate of the present invention The optical film is preferably a cast film. In the present specification, the cast film refers to, for example, a solution, a dispersion, or a melt containing the above resin, cast on a suitable support, coated, and the like to form a coating film by heating, cooling, drying, or the like. And the film obtained by peeling the coating film from the support, if necessary. The film thus obtained contains at least a polyimide resin and / or a polyamide resin, and optionally contains a trace amount of a solvent.

  The optical film in the optical layered body of the present invention contains a polyimide resin and / or a polyamide resin. In the optical layered body of the present invention, the optical film may contain one kind of polyimide resin or polyamide resin, or may contain two or more kinds of polyimide resin and / or polyamide resin.

<Polyimide resin and polyamide resin>
In the optical layered body of the present invention, the optical film contains a polyimide resin and / or a polyamide resin. A polyimide-based resin is a resin containing a repeating structural unit containing an imide group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a polyimide resin), and a resin containing a repeating structural unit containing both an imide group and an amide group (hereinafter referred to as polyamide-imide). At least one resin selected from the group consisting of (sometimes referred to as resin). The polyamide-based resin refers to a resin containing a repeating structural unit containing an amide group.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polyimide resin is a polyimide resin having a constitutional unit represented by the formula (1), or a constitutional unit represented by the formula (1) and a formula (2). It is preferably a polyamide-imide resin having the structural unit shown. Further, the polyamide resin is preferably a polyamide resin having a constitutional unit represented by the formula (2). Formulas (1) and (2) will be described below, but the description of formula (1) relates to both polyimide resin and polyamide-imide resin, and the description of formula (2) refers to polyamide resin and polyamide-imide resin. For both.

  The constitutional unit represented by the formula (1) is a constitutional unit formed by reacting a tetracarboxylic acid compound and a diamine compound, and the constitutional unit represented by the formula (2) is a dicarboxylic acid compound and a diamine compound. And are structural units formed by reaction.

  In the formula (2), Z is a divalent organic group, which may be preferably substituted with a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, A cyclic structure which is a divalent organic group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or optionally substituted by a fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Is a divalent organic group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms. Examples of the cyclic structure include alicyclic, aromatic ring and heterocyclic structures. As the organic group of Z, formula (20), formula (21), formula (22), formula (23), formula (24), formula (25), formula (26), formula (27), formula ( 28) and the group represented by the formula (29), a group in which two nonadjacent bonds are replaced by hydrogen atoms and a divalent chain hydrocarbon group having 6 or less carbon atoms are exemplified, and a heterocycle of Z is exemplified. Examples of the structure include a group having a thiophene ring skeleton. From the viewpoint of easily suppressing the yellowness of the optical film (reducing the YI value), groups represented by formulas (20) to (27) and groups having a thiophene ring skeleton are preferable.

［式（３）中、Ｒ^１〜Ｒ^８は、互いに独立に、水素原子、炭素数１〜６のアルキル基、炭素数１〜６のアルコキシ基、又は炭素数６〜１２のアリール基を表し、Ｒ^１〜Ｒ^８に含まれる水素原子は、互いに独立に、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよく、
Ａは、互いに独立に、単結合、−Ｏ−、−ＣＨ_２−、−ＣＨ_２−ＣＨ_２−、−ＣＨ（ＣＨ_３）−、−Ｃ（ＣＨ_３）_２−、−Ｃ（ＣＦ_３）_２−、−ＳＯ_２−、−Ｓ−、−ＣＯ−又は−Ｎ（Ｒ^９）−を表し、Ｒ^９は水素原子、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数１〜１２の１価の炭化水素基を表し、
ｍは０〜４の整数であり、
＊は結合手を表す］
で表されることが好ましい。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyamide resin and the polyamide-imide resin may include a plurality of types of Z, and the plurality of types of Z may be the same or different from each other. In particular, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the surface hardness of the optical film and easily improving the optical characteristics, at least a part of Z is represented by the formula (3).

[In Formula (3), R < ¹ > -R < ⁸ > represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, or a C6-C12 aryl group mutually independently. , The hydrogen atoms contained in R ^{1 to} R ⁸ may be independently substituted with a halogen atom,
A is, independently of one another, a single _{bond, -O -, - CH 2 -} , - CH 2 -CH 2 -, - CH (CH 3) -, - C (CH 3) 2 -, - C (CF 3) _{2 -, - SO 2 -,} - S -, - CO- or -N ^{(R 9)} - represents, ^{R 9} is a hydrogen atom, monovalent 1-12 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom Represents a hydrocarbon group,
m is an integer from 0 to 4,
* Represents a bond]
It is preferable that

In the formula (3), A is a single _{bond, -O -, - CH 2 -} , - CH 2 -CH 2 -, - CH (CH 3) -, - C (CH 3) 2 -, - C (CF _{3) 2 -, - SO 2} -, - S -, - CO- or -N ^{(R 9)} - represents, in terms of flex resistance of the optical film, preferably represents -O- or -S-, More preferably, it represents -O-.
R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ⁶ , R ⁷ , and R ⁸ are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Alternatively, it represents an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, 2-methyl- group. A butyl group, a 3-methylbutyl group, a 2-ethyl-propyl group, an n-hexyl group and the like can be mentioned. Examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propyloxy group, an isopropyloxy group, a butoxy group, an isobutoxy group, a tert-butoxy group, a pentyloxy group, a hexyloxy group and a cyclohexyloxy group. Can be mentioned. Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include phenyl group, tolyl group, xylyl group, naphthyl group and biphenyl group. From the viewpoint of the surface hardness and flexibility of the optical film, R ^{1 to} R ⁸ each independently represent preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably a hydrogen atom or 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Represents an alkyl group, and more preferably represents a hydrogen atom. Here, the hydrogen atoms contained in R ^{1 to} R ⁸ may be independently substituted with a halogen atom.
R ⁹ represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom. Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, 2-methyl-butyl group, 3-methylbutyl group, 2-ethyl-propyl group, n-hexyl, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, tert-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group and the like. And these may be substituted with a halogen atom. Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom. The polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin may include a plurality of types of A, and the plurality of types of A may be the same as or different from each other.

  In the formula (3), m is an integer in the range of 0 to 4, and when m is in this range, the bending resistance and elastic modulus of the optical film tend to be good. Further, in the formula (3), m is preferably an integer in the range of 0 to 3, more preferably 0 to 2, even more preferably 0 or 1, and particularly preferably 0. When m is within this range, the bending resistance and elastic modulus of the optical film can be easily improved. Further, Z may contain one kind or two or more kinds of the structural unit represented by the formula (3), and from the viewpoint of improving the elastic modulus and bending resistance of the optical film and reducing the yellowness (YI value). In particular, it may include two or more types of structural units having different values of m, and preferably two types of structural units having different values of m. In that case, the resin contains a structural unit represented by the formula (3) in which m is 0 in Z from the viewpoint of easily exhibiting high elastic modulus, bending resistance and low yellowness (YI value) of the optical film. In addition to the structural unit, it is more preferable to further contain a structural unit represented by the formula (3) in which m is 1.

で表される構成単位を有する。この場合、光学フィルムの表面硬度及び耐屈曲性を向上させやすく、黄色度を低減しやすい。 In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the resin has a structural unit represented by the formula (3), in which m = 0 and R ^{5 to} R ⁸ are hydrogen atoms. In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the resin has a constitutional unit represented by the formula (3), in which m = 0 and R ^{5 to} R ⁸ are hydrogen atoms, and a formula (3 ′) ):

It has a structural unit represented by. In this case, the surface hardness and flex resistance of the optical film are easily improved, and the yellowness is easily reduced.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which the optical layered body has an optical film containing a polyamide-imide resin, the structural unit represented by the formula (1) and the structural unit represented by the formula (2) of the polyamide-imide resin are included. When the total is 100 mol%, the ratio of the structural unit represented by the formula (3) is preferably 20 mol% or more, more preferably 30 mol% or more, further preferably 40 mol% or more, particularly preferably It is 50 mol% or more, most preferably 60 mol% or more, preferably 90 mol% or less, more preferably 85 mol% or less, and further preferably 80 mol% or less. When the ratio of the structural unit represented by the formula (3) is at least the above lower limit, the surface hardness of the optical film is easily increased, and the flex resistance and elastic modulus are easily increased. When the proportion of the constitutional unit represented by the formula (3) is at most the above upper limit, the increase in the viscosity of the resin-containing varnish due to the hydrogen bond between amide bonds derived from the formula (3) is suppressed and the processability of the film is improved. Cheap.

When the polyamide-imide resin has a constituent unit of the formula (3) in which m = 1 to 4, a constituent unit of the polyamide-imide resin represented by the formula (1) and a constituent unit of the formula (2) When the total is 100 mol%, the ratio of the constituent unit of the formula (3) in which m is 1 to 4 is preferably 3 mol% or more, more preferably 5 mol% or more, further preferably 7 mol% or more. It is particularly preferably 9 mol% or more, preferably 90 mol% or less, more preferably 70 mol% or less, further preferably 50 mol% or less, particularly preferably 30 mol% or less. When the ratio of the constituent unit of the formula (3) in which m is 1 to 4 is at least the above lower limit, the surface hardness and bending resistance of the optical film can be easily increased. When the ratio of the constituent unit of the formula (3) in which m is 1 to 4 is equal to or less than the above upper limit, the viscosity increase of the resin-containing varnish due to the hydrogen bond between amide bonds derived from the formula (3) is suppressed, and the film is processed. It is easy to improve the sex. The content of the constitutional unit represented by the formula (1), the formula (2) or the formula (3) can be measured by using, for example, ¹ H-NMR, or can be calculated from the charging ratio of the raw materials. You can also

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Z in the above polyamide resin or polyamideimide resin is preferably 30 mol% or more, more preferably 40 mol% or more, still more preferably 45 mol% or more, further preferably 50 mol%. As described above, particularly preferably 70 mol% or more is the structural unit represented by the formula (3) in which m is 0 to 4. When the above-mentioned lower limit of Z is a constituent unit represented by the formula (3) in which m is 0 to 4, the surface hardness of the optical film can be easily increased, and the flex resistance and elastic modulus can be easily increased. Further, 100 mol% or less of Z in the polyamide resin or the polyamide-imide resin may be a structural unit represented by the formula (3) in which m is 0 to 4. The proportion of the structural unit represented by the formula (3) in which m is 0 to 4 in the resin can be measured by using, for example, ¹ H-NMR, or can be calculated from the charging ratio of raw materials. You can also

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Z in the polyamide resin or polyamide-imide resin is preferably 5 mol% or more, more preferably 8 mol% or more, further preferably 10 mol% or more, particularly preferably 12 mol%. The above is represented by the formula (3) in which m is 1 to 4. When the above-mentioned lower limit of Z of the polyamide-imide resin is represented by the formula (3) in which m is 1 to 4, the surface hardness of the optical film is easily increased, and the flex resistance and elastic modulus are easily increased. Further, Z is preferably 90 mol% or less, more preferably 70 mol% or less, further preferably 50 mol% or less, particularly preferably 30 mol% or less, represented by the formula (3) in which m is 1 to 4. Preferably. When the above upper limit of Z is represented by Formula (3) in which m is 1 to 4, increase in viscosity of the resin-containing varnish due to hydrogen bond between amide bonds derived from Formula (3) in which m is 1 to 4 It is easy to suppress the above and improve the processability of the film. The ratio of the structural unit represented by the formula (3) in which m is 1 to 4 in the resin can be measured using, for example, ¹ H-NMR, or can be calculated from the charging ratio of the raw materials. .

  In formulas (1) and (2), X's each independently represent a divalent organic group, preferably a divalent organic group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms, and more preferably 4 carbon atoms having a cyclic structure. Represents a divalent organic group of ˜40. Examples of the cyclic structure include alicyclic, aromatic ring and heterocyclic structures. The organic group, the hydrogen atom in the organic group may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group or a fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group, in which case, the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group and the fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group is preferably Is 1-8. In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyimide resin or the polyamide-imide resin may include a plurality of types of X, and the plurality of types of X may be the same as or different from each other. X is represented by formula (10), formula (11), formula (12), formula (13), formula (14), formula (15), formula (16), formula (17) and formula (18). A group represented by the formulas (10) to (18) in which a hydrogen atom is substituted with a methyl group, a fluoro group, a chloro group or a trifluoromethyl group; and a group having 6 or less carbon atoms. A chain hydrocarbon group is exemplified.

In formulas (10) to (18), * represents a bond,
V ^{1, V 2} and ^{V 3} independently of one another, a single _{bond, -O -, - S -,} - CH 2 -, - CH 2 -CH 2 -, - CH (CH 3) -, - C (CH _{3) 2 -, - C (} CF 3) 2 -, - SO 2 -, - CO- or -N (Q) - represents a. Here, Q represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom. Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms include the groups described above for R ⁹ .
One example is a single bond ^{V 1} and ^{V 3,} -O- or -S-, and, ^{V 2} is _{-CH 2 -, - C (CH} 3) 2 -, - C (CF 3) 2 - or -SO ₂ - is. The bonding position of each of V ¹ and V ² with respect to each ring and the bonding position of each of V ² and V ³ with respect to each ring are, independently of each other, preferably a meta position or a para position with respect to each ring, and more preferably Is para.

Among the groups represented by the formulas (10) to (18), the formulas (13), (14), (15), and (16) are used from the viewpoint of easily increasing the surface hardness and the bending resistance of the optical film. ) And the group represented by Formula (17) are preferable, and the groups represented by Formula (14), Formula (15) and Formula (16) are more preferable. Further, V ¹ , V ² and V ³ are preferably a single bond, —O— or —S— independently of each other, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the surface hardness and flexibility of the optical film, and are preferably a single bond or −. It is more preferably O-.

［式（４）中、Ｒ^１０〜Ｒ^１７は、互いに独立に、水素原子、炭素数１〜６のアルキル基、炭素数１〜６のアルコキシ基又は炭素数６〜１２のアリール基を表し、Ｒ^１０〜Ｒ^１７に含まれる水素原子は、互いに独立に、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよく、＊は結合手を表す］
で表される構成単位である。式（１）及び式（２）中の複数のＸの少なくとも一部が式（４）で表される基であると、光学フィルムの表面硬度及び透明性を高めやすい。 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least some of the plurality of Xs in formula (1) and formula (2) are represented by formula (4):

[In Formula (4), R < ¹⁰ > -R < ¹⁷ > represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, or a C6-C12 aryl group, mutually independently, The hydrogen atoms contained in R ^{10 to} R ¹⁷ may be independently substituted with a halogen atom, and * represents a bond.]
Is a structural unit represented by. When at least a part of the plurality of Xs in the formulas (1) and (2) is a group represented by the formula (4), the surface hardness and the transparency of the optical film can be easily increased.

In the formula (4), R ¹⁰ , R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ , R ¹⁴ , R ¹⁵ , R ¹⁶ and R ¹⁷ are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a carbon number 1 Represents an alkoxy group having 6 to 6 or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, the alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the formula (3). Examples of the group or the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms are given. R ¹⁰ to R ¹⁷ independently of one another, preferably hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, ^{wherein, R 10} ~ The hydrogen atoms contained in R ¹⁷ may be independently substituted with a halogen atom. Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom. R ^{10 to} R ¹⁷ are, independently of each other, more preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a fluoro group, a chloro group or a trifluoromethyl group, from the viewpoint of surface hardness, transparency and bending resistance of the optical film, and R ¹⁰ , R ¹² , R ¹³ , R ¹⁴ , R ¹⁵ and R ¹⁶ are preferably hydrogen atoms, and R ¹¹ and R ¹⁷ are hydrogen atoms, methyl groups, fluoro groups, chloro groups or trifluoromethyl groups, and particularly preferred. R ¹¹ and R ¹⁷ are a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group.

で表される構成単位であり、すなわち、複数のＸの少なくとも一部は、式（４’）で表される構成単位である。この場合、フッ素元素を含有する骨格によりポリイミド系樹脂又はポリアミド系樹脂の溶媒への溶解性を高め、該樹脂を含有するワニスの保管安定性を向上しやすいと共に、該ワニスの粘度を低減しやすく、光学フィルムの加工性を向上しやすい。また、フッ素元素を含有する骨格により、光学フィルムの光学特性を向上しやすい。 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structural unit represented by formula (4) is represented by formula (4 ′):

That is, at least a part of the plurality of Xs is a structural unit represented by the formula (4 ′). In this case, the solubility of the polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin in the solvent by the skeleton containing the elemental fluorine is increased, the storage stability of the varnish containing the resin is easily improved, and the viscosity of the varnish is easily reduced. , Easy to improve the processability of the optical film. Further, the skeleton containing the elemental fluorine easily improves the optical characteristics of the optical film.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, X in the polyimide resin or polyamide resin is preferably 30 mol% or more, more preferably 50 mol% or more, still more preferably 70 mol% or more of the formula (4), Particularly, it is represented by the formula (4 ′). When X in the above range in the polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin is represented by the formula (4), particularly the formula (4 ′), the skeleton containing the elemental fluorine easily improves the solubility of the resin in the solvent, The storage stability of the varnish containing the resin is easily improved, the viscosity of the varnish is easily reduced, and the processability of the optical film is easily improved. Further, due to the skeleton containing elemental fluorine, the optical characteristics of the optical film are likely to be improved. It is preferable that 100 mol% or less of X in the polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin is represented by the formula (4), particularly the formula (4 ′). X in the polyamide-imide resin may be formula (4), especially formula (4 ′). The ratio of the structural unit represented by the formula (4) of X in the resin can be measured by using, for example, ¹ H-NMR, or can be calculated from the charging ratio of the raw materials.

  In the formula (1), Y represents a tetravalent organic group, preferably a C4-40 tetravalent organic group, and more preferably a C4-40 tetravalent organic group having a cyclic structure. Represents Examples of the cyclic structure include alicyclic, aromatic ring and heterocyclic structures. The organic group is an organic group in which a hydrogen atom in the organic group may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group or a fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group, in which case, a hydrocarbon group and a fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group The carbon number is preferably 1-8. In an embodiment of the present invention, the polyimide-based resin may include a plurality of types of Y, and the plurality of types of Y may be the same as or different from each other. As Y, the following formula (20), formula (21), formula (22), formula (23), formula (24), formula (25), formula (26), formula (27), formula (28) And a group represented by the formula (29); a group in which a hydrogen atom in the group represented by the formulas (20) to (29) is substituted with a methyl group, a fluoro group, a chloro group or a trifluoromethyl group. And tetravalent chain hydrocarbon groups having 6 or less carbon atoms.

In formula (20) to formula (29),
* Represents a bond,
W ¹ represents a single _{bond, -O -, - CH 2 -} , - CH 2 -CH 2 -, - CH (CH 3) -, - C (CH 3) 2 -, - C (CF 3) 2 -, _{-Ar -, - SO 2 -,} - CO -, - O-Ar-O -, - Ar-O-Ar -, - Ar-CH 2 -Ar -, - Ar-C (CH 3) 2 -Ar- or an _-Ar-SO 2 -Ar-. Ar represents an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in which a hydrogen atom may be substituted with a fluorine atom, and a specific example thereof is a phenylene group.

Among the groups represented by the formulas (20) to (29), the group represented by the formula (26), the formula (28) or the formula (29) is preferable from the viewpoint of the surface hardness and the bending resistance of the optical film. The group represented by the formula (26) is more preferable. Further, ^{W 1} it is easy to increase the surface hardness and flexibility of the optical film, from the viewpoint of easily decreased yellowness, independently of one another, a single _{bond, -O -, - CH 2 -} , - CH 2 -CH 2 _{-, - CH (CH 3)} -, - C (CH 3) 2 - or -C _{(CF 3) 2} - is preferably a single _{bond, -O -, - CH 2 -} , - CH (CH 3 _{) -, - C (CH 3} ) 2 - or -C _{(CF 3) 2} -, more preferably a single bond, -C _{(CH 3) 2} - or -C _{(CF 3) 2} - and that Is more preferable.

［式（５）中、Ｒ^１８〜Ｒ^２５は、互いに独立に、水素原子、炭素数１〜６のアルキル基、炭素数１〜６のアルコキシ基又は炭素数６〜１２のアリール基を表し、Ｒ^１８〜Ｒ^２５に含まれる水素原子は、互いに独立に、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよく、
＊は結合手を表す］
で表される構成単位である。式（１）中の複数のＹの少なくとも一部が式（５）で表される基であると、ポリイミド系樹脂の溶媒への溶解性を高め、ポリイミド系樹脂を含有するワニスの粘度を低減しやすく、光学フィルムの加工性を向上しやすい。また、光学フィルムの光学特性を向上しやすい。 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least some of the plurality of Ys in formula (1) are represented by formula (5):

[In the formula (5), R ^{18 to} R ²⁵ each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, The hydrogen atoms contained in R ^{18 to} R ²⁵ may be independently substituted with a halogen atom,
* Represents a bond]
Is a structural unit represented by. When at least a part of the plurality of Y's in the formula (1) is a group represented by the formula (5), the solubility of the polyimide resin in the solvent is increased and the viscosity of the varnish containing the polyimide resin is reduced. It is easy to improve the processability of the optical film. In addition, it is easy to improve the optical characteristics of the optical film.

In the formula (5), R ¹⁸ , R ¹⁹ , R ²⁰ , R ²¹ , R ²² , R ²³ , R ²⁴ and R ²⁵ are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a carbon number 1 Represents an alkoxy group having 6 to 6 or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, the alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the formula (3). Examples of the group or the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include those exemplified above. R ¹⁸ to R ²⁵ are, independently of one another, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon hydrogen atom or atoms, more preferably represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, ^{wherein, R 18} ~ The hydrogen atoms contained in R ²⁵ may be independently substituted with a halogen atom. Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom. R ^{18 to} R ²⁵ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a fluoro group, a chloro group or a trifluoromethyl group, from the viewpoint of easily improving the surface hardness, bending resistance and transparency of the optical film. And more preferably R ¹⁸ , R ¹⁹ , R ²⁰ , R ²³ , R ²⁴ and R ²⁵ are hydrogen atoms, R ²¹ and R ²² are hydrogen atoms, methyl groups, fluoro groups, chloro groups or trifluoromethyl groups. And particularly preferably R ²¹ and R ²² are methyl groups or trifluoromethyl groups.

で表される基であり、すなわち、複数のＹの少なくとも一部は、式（５’）で表される構成単位である。この場合、フッ素元素を含有する骨格によりポリイミド系樹脂の溶媒への溶解性を高め、該樹脂を含有するワニスの保管安定性を向上しやすいと共に、該ワニスの粘度を低減しやすく、光学フィルムの加工性を向上しやすい。また、フッ素元素を含有する骨格により、光学フィルムの光学特性を向上しやすい。 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structural unit represented by formula (5) has the formula (5 ′):

That is, at least a part of the plurality of Y is a structural unit represented by the formula (5 ′). In this case, the solubility of the polyimide resin in the solvent by the skeleton containing the elemental fluorine is increased, storage stability of the varnish containing the resin is easily improved, and the viscosity of the varnish is easily reduced. Easy to improve workability. Further, the skeleton containing the elemental fluorine easily improves the optical characteristics of the optical film.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Y in the polyimide resin is preferably 50 mol% or more, more preferably 60 mol% or more, still more preferably 70 mol% or more, represented by the formula (5), particularly the formula (5). '). When Y within the above range in the polyimide-based resin is represented by the formula (5), particularly the formula (5 ′), the skeleton containing the elemental fluorine enhances the solubility of the polyimide-based resin in the solvent and contains the resin. The viscosity of the varnish is easily reduced, and the workability of the optical film is easily improved. Further, the skeleton containing elemental fluorine easily improves the optical characteristics of the optical film. It is preferable that 100 mol% or less of Y in the polyimide resin is represented by the formula (5), particularly the formula (5 ′). Y in the polyimide-based resin may be represented by the formula (5), especially the formula (5 ′). The proportion of the structural unit represented by the formula (5) of Y in the polyimide resin can be measured, for example, by using ¹ H-NMR, or can be calculated from the charging ratio of the raw materials.

The polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin is, in addition to the structural units represented by the formulas (1) and (2), a structural unit represented by the formula (30) and / or a configuration represented by the formula (31). Units can be included.

In formula (30), Y ¹ is a tetravalent organic group, preferably an organic group in which a hydrogen atom in the organic group may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group or a fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group. As Y ¹ , equation (20), equation (21), equation (22), equation (23), equation (24), equation (25), equation (26), equation (27), equation (28) and A group represented by the formula (29), a group in which a hydrogen atom in the group represented by the formula (20) to the formula (29) is substituted with a methyl group, a fluoro group, a chloro group or a trifluoromethyl group, Further, a chain hydrocarbon group having 4 or less carbon atoms and 6 or less is exemplified. In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin may include a plurality of types of Y ¹ , and the plurality of types of Y ¹ may be the same as or different from each other.

In formula (31), Y ² is a trivalent organic group, preferably an organic group in which a hydrogen atom in the organic group may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group or a fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group. Y ² is the above formula (20), formula (21), formula (22), formula (23), formula (24), formula (25), formula (26), formula (27), formula (28) ) And a group represented by the formula (29) in which any one of the bonds is replaced by a hydrogen atom, and a trivalent chain hydrocarbon group having 6 or less carbon atoms. In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin may include a plurality of types of Y ² , and the plurality of types of Y ² may be the same as or different from each other.

In formulas (30) and (31), X ¹ and X ² are each independently a divalent organic group, and preferably a hydrogen atom in the organic group is a hydrocarbon group or a hydrocarbon group in which fluorine is substituted. It is an organic group which may be substituted with. As X ¹ and X ² , the above formula (10), formula (11), formula (12), formula (13), formula (14), formula (15), formula (16), formula (17) and A group represented by the formula (18); a group in which a hydrogen atom in the group represented by the formulas (10) to (18) is substituted with a methyl group, a fluoro group, a chloro group or a trifluoromethyl group; and A chain hydrocarbon group having 6 or less carbon atoms is exemplified.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin is the structural unit represented by the formula (1) and / or the formula (2), and optionally the formula (30) and / or the formula (31). It consists of the structural units represented. Further, from the viewpoints of optical properties, surface hardness and flex resistance of the optical film, in the polyimide-based resin or polyamide-based resin, the constitutional units represented by the formulas (1) and (2) are represented by the formula (1) and It is preferably 80 mol% or more, more preferably 90 mol% or more, still more preferably 95 mol% or more, based on the formula (2) and, if necessary, all the structural units represented by formula (30) and formula (31). Is. In the polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin, the constitutional units represented by the formula (1) and the formula (2) are represented by the formula (1) and the formula (2), and optionally the formula (30) and / or the formula ( It is usually 100% or less based on all the structural units represented by 31). The above ratio is, for example, can also be calculated from ^{1 H-NMR} can be measured using, or the material feed ratio.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the polyimide resin and / or polyamide resin in the optical film is preferably 10 parts by mass or more, more preferably 30 parts by mass or more, relative to 100 parts by mass of the optical film. It is more preferably 50 parts by mass or more, preferably 99.5 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 95 parts by mass or less. When the content of the polyimide-based resin and / or the polyamide-based resin is within the above range, it is easy to improve the optical characteristics and elastic modulus of the optical film.

  The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin is, in terms of standard polystyrene, preferably 230,000 or more, more preferably 250,000 or more, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the surface hardness and bending resistance of the optical film. , More preferably 270,000 or more, particularly preferably 300,000 or more. In addition, the weight average molecular weight of the resin is preferably 1,000,000 from the viewpoint of easily improving the solubility of the polyamide resin or the polyimide resin in a solvent and easily improving the stretchability and processability of the optical film. Or less, more preferably 800,000 or less, further preferably 700,000 or less, particularly preferably 500,000 or less. The weight average molecular weight can be determined, for example, by performing GPC measurement and converting into standard polystyrene, and may be calculated by the method described in Examples, for example.

  In the polyamide-imide resin, the content of the structural unit represented by the formula (2) is preferably 0.1 mol or more, more preferably 0.5 mol, based on 1 mol of the structural unit represented by the formula (1). Molar or more, more preferably 1.0 mol or more, particularly preferably 1.5 mol or more, preferably 6.0 mol or less, more preferably 5.0 mol or less, further preferably 4.5 mol or less. . When the content of the structural unit represented by the formula (2) is at least the above lower limit, the surface hardness of the optical film can be easily increased. Further, when the content of the structural unit represented by the formula (2) is at most the above upper limit, thickening due to hydrogen bonds between amide bonds in the formula (2) is suppressed, and the processability of the optical film is improved. Easy to make.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin contained in the optical film in the optical layered body of the present invention can be introduced by, for example, the above-mentioned fluorine-containing substituent, halogen such as a fluorine atom. It may include atoms. When the polyimide resin or the polyamide resin contains a halogen atom, it is easy to improve the elastic modulus of the optical film and reduce the yellowness (YI value). When the elastic modulus of the optical film is high, when the optical film is used in, for example, a flexible display device, it is easy to suppress generation of scratches and wrinkles on the film. Moreover, when the yellowness of the optical film is low, the transparency and the visibility of the optical film are easily improved. The halogen atom is preferably a fluorine atom. Preferred fluorine-containing substituents for containing a fluorine atom in the polyimide resin or polyamide resin include, for example, a fluoro group and a trifluoromethyl group.

  The content of halogen atoms in the polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin is preferably 1 to 40% by mass, more preferably 5 to 40% by mass, further preferably 5 to 5% by mass based on the mass of the polyimide-based resin or the polyamide-based resin. It is 30% by mass. When the content of halogen atoms is at least the above lower limit, the elastic modulus of the optical film is further improved, the water absorption is lowered, the yellowness is further reduced, and the transparency and the visibility are easily improved. When the content of halogen atoms is at most the above upper limit, the resin will be easily synthesized.

  The imidization ratio of the polyimide resin and the polyamide-imide resin is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 93% or more, and further preferably 96% or more. From the viewpoint of easily increasing the optical homogeneity of the optical film and / or the optical laminate, the imidization ratio is preferably the above lower limit or more. Moreover, the upper limit of the imidization ratio is 100% or less. The imidization ratio indicates the ratio of the molar amount of imide bonds in the polyimide resin and the polyamideimide resin to the double value of the molar amount of the structural unit derived from the tetracarboxylic acid compound in the polyimide resin or the polyamideimide resin. When the polyimide resin and the polyamide-imide resin contain a tricarboxylic acid compound, the value is twice the molar amount of the constitutional unit derived from the tetracarboxylic acid compound in the polyimide resin and the polyamide-imide resin and the tricarboxylic acid compound. The ratio of the molar amount of the imide bond in the polyimide resin and the polyamide-imide resin to the total of the molar amount of the constituent units is shown. The imidization ratio can be determined by IR method, NMR method, etc. For example, in NMR method, it can be measured by the method described in Examples.

  Commercially available products may be used as the polyimide resin and the polyamide resin. Examples of commercially available polyimide resins include Neoprim (registered trademark) manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc. and KPI-MX300F manufactured by Kawamura Sangyo Co., Ltd.

  Regarding various characteristics of the optical layered body of the present invention, characteristics such as yellowness, surface hardness, optical characteristics, bending resistance, flexibility, elastic modulus, transparency, visibility and water absorption of the optical layered body are When yellowness, surface hardness, optical properties, flex resistance, flexibility, elasticity, transparency, visibility, water absorption, etc. are improved, it tends to be similarly improved. Properties such as surface hardness and pencil hardness of the surface having the functional layer of the optical layered body are easily affected by the type of the functional layer and the like.

［式（３”）中、Ｒ^１〜Ｒ^８は、互いに独立に、水素原子、炭素数１〜６のアルキル基、炭素数１〜６のアルコキシ基、又は炭素数６〜１２のアリール基を表し、Ｒ^１〜Ｒ^８に含まれる水素原子は、互いに独立に、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよく、
Ａは、単結合、−Ｏ−、−ＣＨ_２−、−ＣＨ_２−ＣＨ_２−、−ＣＨ（ＣＨ_３）−、−Ｃ（ＣＨ_３）_２−、−Ｃ（ＣＦ_３）_２−、−ＳＯ_２−、−Ｓ−、−ＣＯ−又は−Ｎ（Ｒ^９）−を表し、
Ｒ^９は水素原子、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数１〜１２の１価の炭化水素基を表し、
ｍは０〜４の整数であり、
Ｒ^３１及びＲ^３２は、互いに独立に、ヒドロキシル基、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、ｎ−プロポキシ基、イソプロポキシ基、ｎ−ブトキシ基、ｓｅｃ−ブトキシ基、ｔｅｒｔ−ブトキシ基又は塩素原子を表す。］ <Resin manufacturing method>
Polyimide resin, for example, tetracarboxylic acid compound and a diamine compound can be produced as a main raw material, polyamideimide resin, for example, tetracarboxylic acid compound, dicarboxylic acid compound and a diamine compound can be produced as a main raw material, polyamide resin is For example, a dicarboxylic acid compound and a diamine compound can be used as main raw materials. Here, the dicarboxylic acid compound preferably contains at least a compound represented by the formula (3 ″).

[In the formula (3 ″), R ^{1 to} R ⁸ each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. The hydrogen atoms represented by R ^{1 to} R ⁸ may be independently substituted with a halogen atom,
A represents a single _{bond, -O -, - CH 2 -} , - CH 2 -CH 2 -, - CH (CH 3) -, - C (CH 3) 2 -, - C (CF 3) 2 -, - _{SO 2 -, - S -,} - CO- or -N ^{(R 9)} - represents,
R ⁹ represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom,
m is an integer from 0 to 4,
R ³¹ and R ³² each independently represent a hydroxyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an n-propoxy group, an isopropoxy group, an n-butoxy group, a sec-butoxy group, a tert-butoxy group or a chlorine atom. ]

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dicarboxylic acid compound is a compound represented by the formula (3 ″) in which m is 0. The dicarboxylic acid compound is represented by the formula (3 ″) in which m is 0. In addition to the compound represented by the above, it is more preferable to use the compound represented by the formula (3 ″) in which A is an oxygen atom. In another preferred embodiment, the dicarboxylic acid compound is R ³¹ , A compound represented by the formula (3 ″), wherein R ³² is a chlorine atom. Moreover, you may use a diisocyanate compound instead of a diamine compound.

  Examples of the diamine compound used for producing the resin include aliphatic diamines, aromatic diamines, and mixtures thereof. In addition, in this embodiment, the "aromatic diamine" represents a diamine in which an amino group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring, and may have an aliphatic group or another substituent in a part of its structure. The aromatic ring may be a single ring or a condensed ring, and examples thereof include a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring and a fluorene ring, but are not limited thereto. Of these, a benzene ring is preferable. The "aliphatic diamine" represents a diamine in which an amino group is directly bonded to the aliphatic group, and an aromatic ring or other substituent may be included in a part of its structure.

  Examples of the aliphatic diamine include acyclic aliphatic diamines such as hexamethylenediamine, 1,3-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,4-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, norbornanediamine and 4,4 ′. Examples thereof include cycloaliphatic diamines such as diaminodicyclohexylmethane. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the aromatic diamine include p-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, 2,4-toluenediamine, m-xylylenediamine, p-xylylenediamine, 1,5-diaminonaphthalene, 2,6-diaminonaphthalene, and the like. , An aromatic diamine having one aromatic ring, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylpropane, 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,3′- Diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,3'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 1,4-bis (4-aminophenoxy) benzene, 1,3-bis (4 -Aminophenoxy) benzene, bis [4- (4-aminophen Xy) phenyl] sulfone, bis [4- (3-aminophenoxy) phenyl] sulfone, 2,2-bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane, 2,2-bis [4- (3-amino) Phenoxy) phenyl] propane, 2,2'-dimethylbenzidine, 2,2'-bis (trifluoromethyl) -4,4'-diaminodiphenyl (sometimes referred to as TFMB), 4,4'-bis ( 4-aminophenoxy) biphenyl, 9,9-bis (4-aminophenyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4-amino-3-methylphenyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4-amino-3-chlorophenyl) ) Aromatic diamines having two or more aromatic rings, such as fluorene and 9,9-bis (4-amino-3-fluorophenyl) fluorene. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The aromatic diamine is preferably 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylpropane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,3'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone. , 3′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 1,4-bis (4-aminophenoxy) benzene, bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] sulfone, bis [4- (3-aminophenoxy) phenyl] sulfone, 2 , 2-bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane, 2,2-bis [4- (3-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane, 2,2′-dimethylbenzidine, 2,2′-bis ( Trifluoromethyl) -4,4'-diaminodiphenyl (TFMB), 4,4'-bis (4-ami Phenoxy) biphenyl, more preferably 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylpropane, 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone, 1,4-bis (4 -Aminophenoxy) benzene, bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] sulfone, 2,2-bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane, 2,2'-dimethylbenzidine, 2,2 '. -Bis (trifluoromethyl) -4,4'-diaminodiphenyl (TFMB) and 4,4'-bis (4-aminophenoxy) biphenyl. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Among the above diamine compounds, from the viewpoint of high surface hardness, high transparency, high flexibility, high bending resistance and low colorability of the optical film, at least one selected from the group consisting of aromatic diamines having a biphenyl structure is selected. It is preferable to use. One selected from the group consisting of 2,2′-dimethylbenzidine, 2,2′-bis (trifluoromethyl) benzidine, 4,4′-bis (4-aminophenoxy) biphenyl and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether It is more preferable to use the above, and it is further preferable to use 2,2′-bis (trifluoromethyl) -4,4′-diaminodiphenyl (TFMB).

  Examples of the tetracarboxylic acid compound used for producing the resin include aromatic tetracarboxylic acid compounds such as aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride; and aliphatic tetracarboxylic acid compounds such as aliphatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride. To be The tetracarboxylic acid compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The tetracarboxylic acid compound may be a dianhydride or a tetracarboxylic acid compound analog such as an acid chloride compound.

  Specific examples of the aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride include non-condensed polycyclic aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride, monocyclic aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride and condensed polycyclic aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride. Examples thereof include carboxylic acid dianhydride. Examples of the non-condensed polycyclic aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride include 4,4′-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, and 2,2 ′. ', 3,3'-Benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3', 4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2 ', 3,3'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride , 3,3 ', 4,4'-Diphenylsulfone tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, 2,2-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) propane dianhydride, 2,2-bis (2,3-di) Carboxyphenyl) propane dianhydride, 2,2-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenoxyphenyl) propane dianhydride, 4,4 ′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic acid dianhydride (described as 6FDA , 1,2-bis (2,3-dicarboxyphenyl) ethane dianhydride, 1,1-bis (2,3-dicarboxyphenyl) ethane dianhydride, 1,2-bis ( 3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) ethane dianhydride, 1,1-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) ethane dianhydride, bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) methane dianhydride, bis (2 , 3-dicarboxyphenyl) methane dianhydride, 4,4 '-(p-phenylenedioxy) diphthalic acid dianhydride and 4,4'-(m-phenylenedioxy) diphthalic acid dianhydride. . Examples of monocyclic aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides include 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, and condensed polycyclic aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides. Examples thereof include 2,3,6,7-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride.

  Among these, 4,4'-oxydiphthalic acid dianhydride, 3,3 ', 4,4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and 2,2', 3,3'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride are preferable. Anhydride, 3,3 ', 4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2', 3,3'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3 ', 4,4'-diphenyl Sulfone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) propane dianhydride, 2,2-bis (2,3-dicarboxyphenyl) propane dianhydride, 2,2- Bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenoxyphenyl) propane dianhydride, 4,4 ′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic acid dianhydride (6FDA), 1,2-bis (2,3-dicarboxyphene) Nyl) ethane dianhydride, 1,1-bis (2,3-dicarboxyphenyl) ethane dianhydride, 1,2-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) ethane dianhydride, 1,1-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) ethane dianhydride, bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) methane dianhydride, bis (2,3-dicarboxyphenyl) methane dianhydride, 4,4 ′-( and p-phenylenedioxy) diphthalic acid dianhydride and 4,4 ′-(m-phenylenedioxy) diphthalic acid dianhydride, and more preferably 4,4′-oxydiphthalic acid dianhydride and 3,3. ', 4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2', 3,3'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 4,4 '-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic dianhydride ( 6FDA , Bis (3,4-carboxyphenyl) methane dianhydride, and 4, 4 '- (p-phenylene-oxy) diphthalic acid dianhydride. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the aliphatic tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride include cyclic or acyclic aliphatic tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride. The cycloaliphatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride is a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having an alicyclic hydrocarbon structure, and specific examples thereof include 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride. Compounds, cycloalkanetetracarboxylic dianhydrides such as 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,3,4-cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, bicyclo [2.2 .2] Oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, dicyclohexyl 3,3′-4,4′-tetracarboxylic dianhydride and positional isomers thereof. . These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Specific examples of the acyclic aliphatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride include 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 1,2,3,4-pentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, you may use combining cycloaliphatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride and acyclic aliphatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride.

  Among the above tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, from the viewpoint of high surface hardness, high transparency, high flexibility, high bending resistance, and low colorability of the optical film, 4,4′-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, 3,4 3 ', 4,4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3', 4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2 ', 3,3'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride , 3,3 ', 4,4'-diphenylsulfone tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, 2,2-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) propane dianhydride, 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene ) Diphthalic dianhydride, and mixtures thereof are preferred, and 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and 4,4 ′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic acid dianhydride Objects, and more preferably mixtures thereof, 4,4 '- (hexafluoro isopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) is more preferred.

As the dicarboxylic acid compound used for producing the resin, terephthalic acid, 4,4′-oxybisbenzoic acid or their acid chloride compounds are preferably used. In addition to terephthalic acid, 4,4'-oxybisbenzoic acid or their acid chloride compounds, other dicarboxylic acid compounds may be used. Examples of other dicarboxylic acid compounds include aromatic dicarboxylic acids, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and their related acid chloride compounds, acid anhydrides, and the like, and two or more kinds may be used in combination. Specific examples include isophthalic acid; naphthalenedicarboxylic acid; 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid; 3,3'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid; chain hydrocarbons having 8 or less carbon atoms; but a single _{bond, -CH 2 -, - C (} CH 3) 2 -, - C (CF 3) 2 -, - SO 2 - or a compound linked phenylene groups and their acid chlorides compounds. As a specific example, 4,4′-oxybis (benzoyl chloride) and terephthaloyl chloride are preferable, and 4,4′-oxybis (benzoyl chloride) and terephthaloyl chloride are more preferably used in combination.

  The polyimide-based resin is obtained by further reacting tetracarboxylic acid and tricarboxylic acid and their anhydrides and derivatives, in addition to the tetracarboxylic acid compound, within a range that does not impair various physical properties of the optical laminate. May be.

  Examples of the tetracarboxylic acid include water adducts of the above-mentioned tetracarboxylic acid compound anhydrides.

Examples of the tricarboxylic acid compound include aromatic tricarboxylic acids, aliphatic tricarboxylic acids and their related acid chloride compounds, acid anhydrides, and the like, and two or more kinds may be used in combination. Specific examples thereof include 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid anhydride; 2,3,6-naphthalenetricarboxylic acid-2,3-anhydride; phthalic anhydride and benzoic acid are single bonds, -O- _{, -CH 2 -, - C (} CH 3) 2 -, - C (CF 3) 2 -, - SO 2 - or a compound linked phenylene group.

  In the production of the resin, the amount of the diamine compound, the tetracarboxylic acid compound and / or the dicarboxylic acid compound used can be appropriately selected according to the desired ratio of each constituent unit of the polyimide resin and the polyamide resin.

  In the production of the resin, the reaction temperature of the diamine compound, the tetracarboxylic acid compound and the dicarboxylic acid compound is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5 to 350 ° C, preferably 20 to 200 ° C, more preferably 25 to 100 ° C. The reaction time is not particularly limited, but is, for example, about 30 minutes to 10 hours. The reaction may be carried out under the conditions of an inert atmosphere or reduced pressure, if necessary. In a preferred embodiment, the reaction is carried out under normal pressure and / or an inert gas atmosphere with stirring. The reaction is preferably carried out in a solvent inert to the reaction. The solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the reaction, for example, water, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, Alcohol solvents such as 2-butoxyethanol and propylene glycol monomethyl ether; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, γ-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and ethyl lactate; Ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, 2-heptanone, methyl isobutyl ketone; pentane, hexane , Aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as heptane; alicyclic hydrocarbon solvents such as ethylcyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene; nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile; ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane; chloroform And chlorine-containing solvents such as chlorobenzene; amide solvents such as N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide; sulfur-containing solvents such as dimethyl sulfone, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane; carbonates such as ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate. Solvents; and combinations thereof (mixed solvents) and the like. Among these, amide solvents can be preferably used from the viewpoint of solubility.

  In the imidization step in the production of a polyimide resin, imidization can be performed in the presence of an imidization catalyst. Examples of the imidization catalyst include aliphatic amines such as tripropylamine, dibutylpropylamine, and ethyldibutylamine; N-ethylpiperidine, N-propylpiperidine, N-butylpyrrolidine, N-butylpiperidine, and N-propylhexahydro. Alicyclic amine (monocyclic) such as azepine; azabicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, azabicyclo [2.2.2] octane, and azabicyclo [3.2. 2] Alicyclic amine (polycyclic) such as nonane; and pyridine, 2-methylpyridine (2-picoline), 3-methylpyridine (3-picoline), 4-methylpyridine (4-picoline), 2- Ethyl pyridine, 3-ethyl pyridine, 4-ethyl pyridine, 2,4-dimethyl pyridine, 2,4,6-trimethyl Pyridine, 3,4-cyclopentenopyridine pyridine, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline, and aromatic amines isoquinoline. From the viewpoint of facilitating the imidization reaction, it is preferable to use an acid anhydride together with the imidization catalyst. Examples of the acid anhydride include conventional acid anhydrides used for imidization reaction, and specific examples thereof include aliphatic acid anhydrides such as acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride, butyric anhydride, and aromatics such as phthalic acid. Examples thereof include acid anhydrides.

  Polyimide-based resin and polyamide-based resin are isolated (separated and purified) by a conventional method, for example, separation means such as filtration, concentration, extraction, crystallization, recrystallization, column chromatography, or a combination of these separation means. Alternatively, in a preferred embodiment, a large amount of alcohol such as methanol may be added to a reaction solution containing a transparent polyamideimide resin to precipitate the resin, and the resin may be concentrated, filtered, dried, etc. for isolation.

<Filler>
In the optical layered body of the present invention, the optical film may contain at least one filler. Examples of the filler include organic particles and inorganic particles, and preferably inorganic particles. Examples of the inorganic particles include silica, zirconia, alumina, titania, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony oxide, metal oxide particles such as cerium oxide, magnesium fluoride, fluorine. Metal fluoride particles such as sodium fluoride and the like, and among these, from the viewpoint of increasing the elastic modulus and / or tear strength of the optical film to be obtained, and easily improving the impact resistance, preferably silica particles, zirconia particles, Alumina particles are mentioned, and more preferably silica particles are mentioned. These fillers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  In the optical layered body of the present invention, the optical film may include, for example, at least one filler having an average primary particle diameter of 5 to 35 nm. In addition to having high optical characteristics, such an optical film also has high tensile elastic modulus. The tensile elastic modulus of the optical film is preferably 4,000 MPa or more, more preferably 5,000 MPa or more, further preferably 5,500 MPa or more, and particularly preferably 6,000 MPa or more. When the tensile elastic modulus is at least the above lower limit, defects such as dents are less likely to occur in the optical film, and the strength of the optical film is easily increased and the durability is easily improved. The tensile elastic modulus is preferably 10,000 MPa or less, more preferably 9,000 MPa or less. When the tensile elastic modulus is at most the above upper limit, it is easy to improve the flex resistance of the optical film. The tensile modulus of the optical film can be measured at room temperature using a tensile tester in accordance with JIS K 7127. From the viewpoint of easily increasing the homogeneity, transparency, elastic modulus and strength of the optical film, the average primary particle diameter of the filler is preferably 10 nm or more, more preferably 15 nm or more, still more preferably 20 nm or more. From the viewpoint of easily increasing the transparency of the optical film, the average primary particle size of the filler is preferably 30 nm or less.

The average primary particle diameter of the filler can be measured by the BET method. Specifically, the specific surface area (BET specific surface area) measured by the BET method (nitrogen adsorption BET method) can be calculated by converting it to an average primary particle diameter. Here, when the average primary particle diameter is d (nm), the density of the filler is ρ (g / cm ³ ), and the BET specific surface area is S (m ² / g), d = 6000 between them. The relationship of / (S × ρ) is established. For example, when the filler is silica, the average primary particle size can be calculated from the BET specific surface area by the formula of d = 2070 / S. The primary particle diameter (average primary particle diameter) may be measured by image analysis with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) or a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The average primary particle size of the filler contained in the optical film may be the average primary particle size of the filler used as a raw material, or the average primary particle size measured from the optical film. When measuring the average primary particle size of the filler from the optical film, by the image analysis of a transmission electron microscope or a scanning electron microscope using the film as a measurement sample, the average primary particle size of the filler in the optical film may be measured. The film is crushed as necessary, and the crushed film is dissolved in a solvent capable of dissolving the resin in the film (for example, γ-butyrolactone), and the dispersed particles are analyzed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM) or It may be measured by observing with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), or the filler may be taken out from the film, dried and the average primary particle diameter may be calculated from the BET specific surface area in the same manner as above. When the average primary particles are measured, for example, by image analysis with an electron microscope, the average value of the results of measuring the primary particle diameter of each of 100 particles existing within a certain area may be the average primary particle diameter.

  The content of the filler is preferably 0.5% by mass or more, more preferably 1% by mass or more, further preferably 5% by mass or more, further preferably 10% by mass or more, and further preferably, the mass of the optical film. It is 15% by mass or more, more preferably 20% by mass or more, further preferably 25% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 30% by mass or more. When the content of the filler is at least the above lower limit, the impact resistance and durability of the optical film can be easily improved. The content of the filler is preferably 60% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or less, and further preferably 45% by mass or less with respect to the mass of the optical film. When the content of the filler is less than or equal to the above upper limit, haze and yellowness of the optical film are easily reduced, transparency and optical characteristics are easily improved, and bending resistance is easily improved.

<Ultraviolet absorber>
The optical layered body of the present invention may contain at least one kind of ultraviolet absorber. The ultraviolet absorber can be appropriately selected from those usually used as an ultraviolet absorber in the field of resin materials. The ultraviolet absorber may include a compound that absorbs light having a wavelength of 400 nm or less. Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of benzophenone compounds, salicylate compounds, benzotriazole compounds, and triazine compounds. The ultraviolet absorbers can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. Since the optical film contains the ultraviolet absorber, the deterioration of the resin is suppressed, so that the visibility can be enhanced when the optical film of the present invention is applied to an image display device or the like. In the present specification, the “system compound” refers to a derivative of the compound to which the “system compound” is attached. For example, “benzophenone-based compound” refers to a compound having benzophenone as a base skeleton and a substituent bonded to benzophenone.

  In the optical layered body of the present invention, when the optical film contains an ultraviolet absorber, the content of the ultraviolet absorber is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, based on the mass of the resin contained in the optical film. It is preferably 1 to 8 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 7 parts by mass. When the content of the ultraviolet absorber is at least the above lower limit, it is easy to improve the ultraviolet absorptivity. When the content of the ultraviolet absorber is not more than the above upper limit, decomposition of the ultraviolet absorber due to heat during the production of the base material can be suppressed, optical characteristics can be easily improved, and haze, for example, can be easily reduced.

<Other additives>
The optical layered body of the present invention may further contain an additive other than the filler and the ultraviolet absorber. Examples of other additives include antioxidants, release agents, stabilizers, coloring agents such as bluing agents, flame retardants, pH adjusters, silica dispersants, lubricants, thickeners, and leveling agents. Can be mentioned. When containing other additives, the content thereof is preferably 0.005 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 15 parts by mass, and still more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to the mass of the optical film. It may be 10 parts by mass.

<Functional layer>
The optical layered body of the present invention has an optical film and a functional layer laminated on at least one surface of the optical film. The function of the functional layer is not particularly limited, and includes a hard coat function, an antistatic function, an antiglare function, a low reflection function, an antireflection function, an antifouling function, a gas barrier function, a primer function, an electromagnetic wave shielding function, an undercoating function, and an ultraviolet ray. It may be a general function adopted for an optical film, such as an absorption function, an adhesion function, a hue adjustment function. The functional layer may be a layer having one type of function or a layer having two or more types of functions. At least one of the functional layers is selected from the group consisting of a hard coat function, an antistatic function, an antiglare function, a low reflection function, an antireflection function and an antifouling function from the viewpoint of being easily used as a front plate of a flexible display device. It is preferable that the layer has at least one function. The functional layer may have a plurality of functions in one layer, or two or more layers having respective functions may be laminated. When two or more layers are stacked, the stacking order is appropriately set according to the function. These layers are laminated on one side or both sides of the optical film. When laminated on both sides, the thickness, function, and order of lamination of the layers laminated on each side may be the same or different.

  The thickness of the functional layer may be appropriately set according to the intended function, but from the viewpoint of easily reducing the weight and optical homogeneity of the optical layered body, preferably 20 μm or less, more preferably 15 μm or less, More preferably, it is 10 μm or less.

(Hard coat function)
The hard coat function is a function of imparting scratch resistance, chemical resistance and the like to the surface of the optical film to protect the optical film. In the optical layered body of the present invention, the functional layer may be a layer having a hard coat function (hard coat layer). As the hard coat layer, known ones may be appropriately used, and examples thereof include known hard coat layers such as acrylic, epoxy, urethane, benzyl chloride and vinyl. Of these, acrylic-based, urethane-based, and combinations thereof are preferable hard coat layers from the viewpoints of suppressing the deterioration of the visibility of the optical laminate in the wide-angle direction and improving the bending resistance. For example, the hard coat layer may be a cured product of a composition containing an active energy ray-curable compound. The active energy ray-curable compound is a compound having a property of being cured by being irradiated with an active energy ray such as an electron beam or an ultraviolet ray. Examples of such an active energy ray-curable compound include an electron beam-curable compound that is cured by irradiation with an electron beam and an ultraviolet-curable compound that is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. These compounds are the same compounds as the main component of the hard coat agent used for forming a normal hard coat layer, and examples thereof include (meth) acrylic resins. Among the (meth) acrylic resins, those containing a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate compound as a main component are particularly preferable. In addition, in this specification, (meth) acryl means acryl and / or methacryl, and (meth) acrylate means acrylate and / or methacrylate.

  The polyfunctional (meth) acrylate compound is a compound having at least two acryloyloxy groups and / or methacryloyloxy groups in the molecule, and specifically, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate and diethylene glycol di (meth ) Acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolethane tri (meth) acrylate, tetramethylolmethane tri (meth) acrylate , Tetramethylolmethane tetra (meth) acrylate, pentaglycerol tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, glyce Tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, tris ((meth) acryloyloxyethyl) ) Isocyanurate, a phosphazene acrylate compound or a phosphazene methacrylate compound in which a (meth) acryloyloxy group is introduced into the phosphazene ring of a phosphazene compound, a polyisocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups in a molecule and at least one (meth ) A urethane (meth) acrylate compound obtained by reaction with a polyol compound having an acryloyloxy group and a hydroxyl group, at least two caplets in a molecule. Polyester (meth) acrylate compounds obtained by the reaction of a boric acid halide with a polyol compound having at least one (meth) acryloyloxy group and a hydroxyl group, and dimers, trimers, etc. of each of the above compounds Examples thereof include oligomers.

  These compounds may be used alone or in admixture of two or more. In addition to the above polyfunctional (meth) acrylate compounds, at least one monofunctional (meth) acrylate may be used. Examples of monofunctional (meth) acrylates include hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, and 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl. Examples thereof include (meth) acrylate and glycidyl (meth) acrylate. These compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The content of the monofunctional (meth) acrylate compound is preferably 10% by mass or less based on the solid content of the compound contained in the functional layer-forming composition (coating for hard coat layer). In addition, in this specification, a solid content means all the components except the solvent contained in a curable composition.

  A polymerizable oligomer may be added to the functional layer for the purpose of adjusting hardness, for example. Such oligomers include terminal (meth) acrylate polymethylmethacrylate, terminal styryl poly (meth) acrylate, terminal (meth) acrylate polystyrene, terminal (meth) acrylate polyethylene glycol, terminal (meth) acrylate acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, Macromonomers such as terminal (meth) acrylate styrene-methyl (meth) acrylate copolymers may be mentioned. When the polymerizable oligomer is added, its content is preferably 5 to 50 mass% with respect to the solid content of the composition for forming a functional layer.

  The active energy ray-curable compound may be used in the form of a solution mixed with a solvent. The active energy ray-curable compound and the solution thereof may be commercially available as a hard coating agent. As a commercially available hard coating agent, specifically, "NK Hard M101" (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., urethane acrylate compound), "NK Ester A-TMM-3L" (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., Tetramethylolmethane triacrylate), "NK Ester A-9530" (Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate), "KAYARAD (registered trademark) DPCA series" (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., dipenta) Erythritol hexaacrylate compound derivative), "Aronix (registered trademark) M-8560" (Toagosei Co., Ltd., polyester acrylate compound), "New Frontier (registered trademark) TEICA" (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), Tris (acryloyloxyethyl) isocyanurate), "PPZ" (Kyoei) Chemical Co., Ltd., phosphazene methacrylate compound), and the like.

The thickness of the hard coat layer can be appropriately set, but from the viewpoint of bending resistance, surface hardness and optical homogeneity of the optical layered body, it is preferably 20 μm or less, more preferably 15 μm or less, further preferably 10 μm. It is the following.

  Examples of the method for laminating the hard coat layer on at least one surface of the optical film include, for example, a composition for forming a hard coat layer containing an active energy ray-curable compound (active energy ray-curable resin) on the surface of a substrate (optical film). It may be applied and irradiated with an active energy ray. Such a composition can be obtained by mixing an active energy ray-curable compound with an additive or the like as necessary. A hardened material of the composition for forming a hard coat layer constitutes a hard coat layer.

  The composition for forming a hard coat layer preferably contains a solvent, and in the composition for forming a hard coat layer, the active energy ray-curable compound is preferably diluted with the solvent. In this case, the composition is produced by mixing the active energy ray-curable compound and various additives (for example, silicone oil) for imparting surface smoothness and the like, and then diluting the obtained mixture with a solvent. The active energy ray-curable compound may be diluted with a solvent and then mixed with an additive to produce it. Alternatively, the active energy ray-curable compound and an additive diluted with a solvent in advance may be mixed. It may be produced, or may be produced by mixing an active energy ray-curable compound previously diluted with a solvent and an additive previously diluted with a solvent. The composition after mixing may be further stirred.

From the viewpoint of easy coating, it is preferable that the composition for forming a hard coat layer contains an appropriate solvent. The solvent, hexane, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as octane, toluene, aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, ethanol, 1-propanol, isopropanol, alcohols such as 1-butanol, methyl ethyl ketone, ketones such as methyl isobutyl ketone, It can be appropriately selected and used from esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, cellosolves and the like. You may use these organic solvents in mixture of several types as needed. The boiling point of the solvent is preferably 70 ° C. to 200 ° C. from the viewpoint of easily evaporating the organic solvent by heating the composition for forming the hard coat layer after coating. The type and amount of the solvent used can be appropriately selected according to the type and amount of the active energy ray-curable compound used, the material (shape) of the substrate (optical film), the coating method, the thickness of the desired hard coat layer, etc. To be done.
The temperature (T1) for heating and drying after coating the composition for forming a hard coat layer is preferably ± 30 ° C., more preferably ± 30 ° C., with respect to the boiling point (T2) of the solvent contained in the composition. It is 20 ° C. When T1 is within the above range, the solvent is less likely to remain in the hard coat layer obtained, and the adhesiveness tends to be less likely to decrease.
The solid content of the composition for forming a hard coat is preferably 5 to 60% by mass, more preferably 10 to 55% by mass, further preferably 20 to 50% by mass, and still more preferably 25 to 50% by mass. When the solid content is within the above range, the coating film thickness is not too thick and the value of the mathematical formula 1 is not too large, so that the visibility is good, and the surface smoothness of the obtained hard coat layer is good. Tends to be.

  The composition for forming a hard coat layer may contain a polymerization initiator. When ultraviolet rays or visible rays are used as the active energy rays, a photopolymerization initiator is usually used as the polymerization initiator.

  Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include acetophenone, acetophenone benzyl ketal, anthraquinone, 1- (4-isopropylphenyl-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one, carbazole, xanthone, 4-chlorobenzophenone, 4, 4'-diaminobenzophenone, 1,1-dimethoxydeoxybenzoin, 3,3'-dimethyl-4-methoxybenzophenone, thioxanthone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 1- (4-dodecylphenyl) -2- Hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one, 2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropan-1-one, triphenylamine, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenyl Phosphine oxide, 1-hydroxyoxy Rohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, fluorenone, fluorene, benzaldehyde, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoisopropyl ether, benzophenone, Michler's ketone, 3-methylacetophenone, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-Tetra-tert-butylperoxycarbonylbenzophenone (BTTB), 2- (dimethylamino) -1- [4- (morpholinyl) phenyl] -2-phenylmethyl) -1-butanone, 4-benzoyl -4'-methyldiphenyl sulfide, benzyl and the like. Further, the photopolymerization initiator may be used in combination with the dye sensitizer. Examples of the dye sensitizer include xanthene, thioxanthene, coumarin, ketocoumarin and the like. Examples of the combination of the photopolymerization initiator and the dye sensitizer include a combination of BTTB and xanthene, a combination of BTTB and thioxanthene, a combination of BTTB and coumarin, a combination of BTTB and ketocoumarin.

  When a photopolymerization initiator is used, its amount is preferably 0.1 part by mass or more based on 100 parts by mass of the active energy ray-curable compound. When the amount used is in the above range, a sufficient curing rate tends to be easily obtained. The amount of the photopolymerization initiator used is preferably 10 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the active energy ray-curable compound.

  The composition for forming a hard coat layer may contain an antistatic agent in addition to the active energy ray-curable compound. When the composition contains an antistatic agent, the hard coat layer can be provided with an antistatic function. Examples of the antistatic agent include surfactants, conductive polymers, conductive particles, alkali metal salts and / or organic cation-anion salts. These antistatic agents are used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the surfactant include hydrocarbon-based surfactants, fluorine-based surfactants and silicone-based surfactants.

  Examples of the conductive polymer include polyaniline, polypyrrole, polyacetylene, polythiophene and the like.

  Examples of the conductive particles include particles of indium-tin-composite oxide (ITO), tin oxide doped with antimony, and the like.

  Examples of the alkali metal salt include organic salts and inorganic salts of alkali metals. Examples of the alkali metal ion forming the cation portion of the alkali metal salt include lithium, sodium and potassium ions. Among these alkali metal ions, lithium ion is preferable.

The anion part of the alkali metal salt may be composed of an organic material or an inorganic material. Examples of the anion moiety forming the organic salt include CH ₃ COO ⁻ , CF ₃ COO ⁻ , CH ₃ SO ₃ ⁻ , CF ₃ SO ₃ ⁻ , (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₃ C ⁻ , C ₄ F ₉ SO _{3 ^{-, C 3 F 7 COO -}} , (CF 3 SO 2) (CF 3 CO) N -, (FSO 2) 2 N -, - O 3 S (CF 2) 3 SO 3 -, CO 3 2-, wherein (A1) to formula (A4),
_{(A1) :( C n F 2n} + 1 SO 2) 2 N - (n represents an integer of 1 to 10),
_{(A2): CF 2 (C} m F 2m SO 2) 2 N - (m represents an integer of 1 to 10),
^{_{(A3): - O 3 S}} (CF 2) l SO 3 - (l represents an integer of 1 to 10),
^{_{(A4) :( C p F 2p}} + 1 SO 2) N - (C q F 2q + 1 SO 2), ( where, p and q are, independently of each other, represent an integer of 1 to 10),
The anion part represented by is used. In particular, the anion moiety containing a fluorine atom is preferably used because an ionic compound having a good ion dissociation property can be obtained. Examples of the anion moiety constituting the inorganic salt include Cl ⁻ , Br ⁻ , I ⁻ , AlCl ₄ ⁻ , Al ₂ Cl ₇ ⁻ , BF ₄ ⁻ , PF ₆ ⁻ , ClO ₄ ⁻ , NO ₃ ⁻ , AsF ₆ ⁻ , SbF. ₆ ⁻ , NbF ₆ ⁻ , TaF ₆ ⁻ , (CN) ₂ N ^{− and the} like are used. Examples of the anionic ^{_{portion, (FSO 2) 2 N -}} , (CF 3 O 2) 2 N -, (C 2 F 5 SO 2) 2 N - are ^{_{preferred, (FSO 2) 2 N -}} , (CF 3 SO 2 ) ₂ N ^- is more preferable.

The organic cation-anion salt is an organic salt composed of a cation part and an anion part, and the cation part is an organic substance. The anion part may be an organic substance or an inorganic substance. The “organic cation-anion salt” may be a substance called an ionic liquid or an ionic solid.
As the cation component, specifically, a pyridinium cation, a piperidinium cation, a pyrrolidinium cation, a cation having a pyrroline skeleton, a cation having a pyrrole skeleton, an imidazolium cation, a tetrahydropyrimidinium cation, a dihydropyrimidinium cation, Examples thereof include a pyrazolium cation, a pyrazolinium cation, a tetraalkylammonium cation, a trialkylsulfonium cation and a tetraalkylphosphonium cation. Examples of the anion component include the same as the anion part of the alkali metal salt. Among them, the anion component containing a fluorine atom is preferably used because an ionic compound having a good ionic dissociation property can be obtained.

  The composition for forming a hard coat layer is, for example, an organic compound containing a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, a sulfur atom, a benzene ring or the like, for example, an inorganic oxide such as tin oxide, antimony oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide or silicon oxide. It may contain fine particles and the like. In this case, the refractive index of the obtained hard coat layer can be adjusted, and the hard coat layer can be provided with optical functions such as a low reflection function and an antireflection function.

  A composition containing an active energy ray-curable compound is applied onto an optical film and then dried to form a layer containing the active energy ray-curable compound. The application can be carried out by a usual method such as a microgravure coating method, a roll coating method, a dipping coating method, a spin coating method, a die coating method, a cast transfer method, a flow coating method or a spray coating method. From the viewpoint of easily increasing the optical homogeneity of the optical laminate, it is preferable to laminate the composition for forming a hard coat layer by the microgravure coating method or the die coating method.

Then, by irradiating with an active energy ray, the active energy ray-curable compound coated on the surface of the optical film is cured to obtain a desired hard coat layer. Examples of active energy rays include electron rays, ultraviolet rays, and visible rays, and are appropriately selected depending on the type of active energy ray-curable compound used. The active energy ray may be irradiated in the same manner as in forming a normal hard coat layer. The intensity of the active energy ray to be irradiated, the irradiation time, etc. are appropriately selected according to the kind of the curable compound used, the thickness of the layer containing the curable compound, and the like. The active energy ray may be irradiated in an inert gas atmosphere. To irradiate the active energy ray in a nitrogen atmosphere, for example, the active energy ray may be irradiated in a container sealed with an inert gas, and the inert gas may be nitrogen gas, argon gas, or the like.
It is also useful to further laminate an antireflection layer or a low reflection layer described later on the surface of the hard coat layer. In this case, the antireflection layer or the low reflection layer can be laminated on the surface of the hard coat layer in a single layer or a plurality of layers.

(Antistatic function)
The antistatic function is a function of preventing the surface of the optical film from being charged. In the optical layered body of the present invention, the functional layer may be a layer having an antistatic function (antistatic layer). As a method of forming an antistatic layer, other than a method of adding an antistatic agent to the composition for forming a hard coat layer to impart an antistatic function to the hard coat layer, an antistatic agent may be diluted with a solvent or the like. Examples of the method include applying the obtained composition for forming an antistatic layer onto an optical film or a functional layer laminated on the optical film and, if necessary, drying the composition to form a single film. The antistatic agent may be contained as a structural unit having an antistatic function in a part of the resin constituting the functional layer (for example, the cured product of the active energy ray-curable compound described above), or may form the functional layer. It may be added as an additive to the resin. When the antistatic agent is added as an additive, the addition amount thereof is preferably 0.01 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 10% by mass based on the solid content of the functional layer forming composition. %, And more preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass.

(Anti-glare function)
The antiglare function is a function of preventing reflection of external light by scattering and reflecting light. In the optical layered body of the present invention, the functional layer may be a layer having an antiglare function (antiglare layer). As the antiglare layer, a known material can be appropriately adopted. For example, the antiglare function may be imparted by using a resin composition containing one or more kinds of transparent fine particles in a transparent resin to form a layer having fine irregularities on the surface. More specifically, such an antiglare layer is, for example, a translucent resin solution in which translucent fine particles as a filler are dispersed is applied onto an optical film, and the translucent fine particles form an antiglare layer. It can be formed by adjusting the coating thickness so as to form a convex portion on the surface. In the present specification, “translucent” means that light can be almost transmitted regardless of the presence or absence of scattering inside the substance.

Light-Transmitting Fine Particles Examples of the light-transmitting fine particles include organic fine particles such as (meth) acrylic resin, melamine resin, polyethylene resin, polystyrene resin, polycarbonate resin, vinyl chloride resin, organic silicone resin, and acrylic-styrene copolymer. And inorganic fine particles such as calcium carbonate, silica, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate, barium sulfate, titanium oxide and glass. As the transparent fine particles, one kind or two or more kinds of fine particles can be used. In order to obtain the desired antiglare property, the type, particle diameter, refractive index, content, etc. of the translucent fine particles are appropriately adjusted.

  The particle size of the translucent fine particles is preferably 0.5 to 5 μm, more preferably 1 to 4 μm. When the particle size of the translucent fine particles is within the above range, it is easy to obtain the necessary light diffusion effect, and it is easy to form irregularities on the surface of the antiglare layer, and thus it is easy to obtain a sufficient antiglare effect. Furthermore, the surface shape of the antiglare layer is not rough, and the haze value tends not to increase significantly.

  The difference in refractive index between the translucent fine particles and the translucent resin is preferably 0.02 to 0.2, and more preferably 0.04 to 0.1. When the refractive index difference is within the above range, it is easy to obtain a sufficient light diffusion effect, and it is difficult for the entire optical laminate to be whitened.

  The amount of the translucent particles added is preferably 3 to 30 parts by mass, and more preferably 5 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the translucent resin. When the added amount is within the above range, it is easy to obtain a sufficient light diffusion effect, and it is difficult for the entire optical layered body to be whitened.

  When adjusting the particle size of the transparent fine particles, the addition amount, and / or the refractive index difference between the transparent fine particles and the transparent resin in the above range, even in a region where the haze of the antiglare layer is high, It is easy to prevent glare on the surface without lowering the transparency, and it is easy to prevent glare even in a low haze region while maintaining high transparency.

Translucent Resin The translucent resin that constitutes the antiglare layer is not particularly limited as long as it has translucency. For example, in addition to a cured product of the active energy ray-curable compound as described above, A cured product of a curable resin; a thermoplastic resin; a metal alkoxide polymer, and the like. Among them, a cured product of an active energy ray-curable compound is suitable. When an ultraviolet curable resin or the like is used as the active energy ray-curable compound, the coating solution may contain a photopolymerization initiator (radical polymerization initiator) as described above, and the active energy ray should be irradiated. To cure the coating layer.

  Examples of the thermosetting resin include thermosetting urethane resin composed of acrylic polyol and isocyanate prepolymer, phenol resin, urea melamine resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, silicone resin and the like.

  Examples of the thermoplastic resin include cellulose derivatives such as acetyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, acetyl butyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose; vinyl acetate and copolymers thereof, vinyl chloride and copolymers thereof, vinylidene chloride and vinyl such as copolymers thereof. -Based resins; acetal-based resins such as polyvinyl formal and polyvinyl butyral; (meth) acrylic-based resins such as acrylic resins and their copolymers, methacrylic resins and their copolymers; polystyrene-based resins; polyamide-based resins; polyester-based resins; Examples include polycarbonate resins.

  As the metal alkoxide polymer, a silicon oxide matrix made of a silicon alkoxide material as a raw material can be used. Specifically, the metal alkoxide-based polymer can be an inorganic or organic-inorganic hybrid matrix obtained by dehydration condensation of a hydrolyzate of alkoxysilane such as tetramethoxysilane or tetraethoxysilane.

  When a cured product of a thermosetting resin or a metal alkoxide-based polymer is used as the translucent resin, heating may be required after applying the coating liquid.

Generally, the refractive index of the ultraviolet curable resin is about 1.5, which is about the same as that of glass, but the refractive index of the ultraviolet curable resin used may be low in comparison with the refractive index of the transparent fine particles. is there. In this case, TiO ₂ (refractive index: 2.3 to 2.7), Y ₂ O ₃ (refractive index; 1.87), La ₂ O ₃ (refractive index), which are fine particles having a high refractive index, are added to the transparent resin. Index; 1.95), ZrO ₂ (refractive index: 2.05), Al ₂ O ₃ (refractive index: 1.63), etc., to the extent that the diffusivity of light in the antiglare layer can be retained, It is possible to increase the refractive index of the organic resin and adjust the refractive index within a preferable range.

  The composition for forming an antiglare layer can be produced by dispersing transparent particles in a composition containing a transparent resin and a solvent (for example, the above composition for forming a hard coat layer). The timing of dispersing the transparent fine particles and the dispersing method are not particularly limited.

  The antiglare layer can be formed by applying the composition (coating liquid) for forming the antiglare layer onto the surface of the optical film or the surface of the functional layer laminated on the optical film and drying the composition. The coating can be carried out by an ordinary method, for example, a microgravure coating method, a roll coating method, a dipping coating method, a spin coating method, a die coating method, a cast transfer method, a flow coating method, a spray coating method or the like. After that, the ultraviolet curable resin may be cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays. The intensity of the ultraviolet rays to be irradiated, the irradiation time, and the like are appropriately selected according to the type of curable compound used, the thickness of the layer containing the curable compound, and the like. Ultraviolet rays may be applied in an inert gas atmosphere. To irradiate with ultraviolet rays in an inert gas atmosphere, for example, active energy ray irradiation may be carried out in a container sealed with an inert gas, and nitrogen gas, argon gas or the like can be used as the inert gas.

  As another method of forming the antiglare layer, embossing treatment can be used. In this method, after coating the composition for forming an antiglare layer on the optical film or the functional layer laminated on the optical film, a mold having a predetermined surface uneven shape on the coating layer (embossing roll) is pressed. The coating layer can be cured as necessary while being applied to give unevenness to the surface of the coating layer. After peeling the antiglare layer from the embossing roll, it is also effective to perform a second curing step of irradiating the antiglare layer again with ultraviolet rays for the purpose of further promoting the curing reaction of the antiglare layer.

  The haze of the antiglare layer is preferably 0.1 to 50%. The haze of the antiglare layer is measured by a method according to JIS K7361. The thickness of the antiglare layer may be appropriately adjusted, for example, so that the haze of the antiglare layer is within the above range, but is preferably 2 to 20 μm. When the thickness of the antiglare layer is within the above range, a sufficient antiglare effect is easily obtained, cracking of the antiglare layer is easily prevented, and the antiglare layer curls due to curing shrinkage of the antiglare layer. It is easy to prevent a decrease in productivity due to. In addition, the thickness of the antiglare layer is generally preferably 85% or more, more preferably 100% or more, with respect to the weight average particle diameter of the translucent fine particles to be dispersed. When the thickness of the antiglare layer is within the above range, haze does not become too large and visibility tends to be less likely to decrease.

  The antiglare layer may contain an antistatic agent. By containing the antistatic agent, an antiglare layer having an antistatic function can be obtained. Examples of the antistatic agent include the same antistatic agents as those added to the hard coat layer.

  The antiglare layer may have a low reflection layer on the outermost surface thereof, that is, on the uneven surface side. Although a sufficient antiglare function is exhibited even in the absence of the low reflection layer, the antiglare property can be further improved by providing the low reflection layer on the outermost surface. As the low reflection layer, those described below can be applied.

(Antireflection function and low reflection function)
The antireflection function and the low reflection function are functions that prevent or reduce reflection of external light. In the optical layered body of the present invention, the functional layer may be a layer having a function of preventing reflection of external light (antireflection layer), or may be a layer having a function of reducing reflection of external light (low reflection layer). It may be. The antireflection layer and the low reflection layer may be a single layer or multiple layers.

Antireflection Layer The antireflection layer may include a low refractive index layer. Further, the antireflection layer is a layer having a multilayer structure further comprising a low refractive index layer and a high refractive index layer and / or a medium refractive index layer laminated between the low refractive index layer and the optical film. Good. The above-mentioned hard coat layer may be provided between the antireflection layer and the optical film.

  The thickness of the antireflection layer is preferably 0.01 to 1 μm, more preferably 0.02 to 0.5 μm. As the antireflection layer, a low refractive index layer having a refractive index smaller than that of the optical film or the functional layer on which the antireflection layer is laminated (for example, a refractive index of 1.3 to 1.45); made of an inorganic compound Examples thereof include a layer in which a plurality of thin film low refractive index layers and thin film high refractive index layers made of an inorganic compound are alternately laminated. Here, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer may be larger than that of the low refractive index layer, but is preferably 1.60 or more.

  The material forming the low refractive index layer is not particularly limited as long as it has a low refractive index. For example, a resin material such as an active energy ray curable resin (for example, an ultraviolet curable acrylic resin), a hybrid material in which inorganic fine particles such as colloidal silica are dispersed in the resin, a sol-gel using a metal alkoxide such as tetraethoxysilane. The material etc. are mentioned. The material forming these low refractive index layers may be a polymer that has been polymerized, or may be a monomer or oligomer that serves as a precursor. Further, it is preferable that the material constituting the antireflection layer contains a compound containing fluorine because it can impart an antifouling function to the antireflection layer.

  The high refractive index layer is coated with a coating liquid containing a translucent resin such as a cured product of the above-mentioned active energy ray-curable resin or a metal alkoxide polymer and inorganic fine particles and / or organic fine particles, and then coating. It can be formed by a method of curing the work layer as needed. Examples of the inorganic fine particles include zinc oxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, silane oxide, tantalum oxide, yttrium oxide, ytterbium oxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide and indium tin oxide (ITO). The high refractive index layer containing these inorganic fine particles may also have an antistatic function.

  As a method for producing a multilayer film in which transparent thin films of inorganic compounds (metal oxides, etc.) having different refractive indexes are laminated, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, physical vapor deposition (PVD) method, sol of metal compound such as metal alkoxide / After forming a colloidal metal oxide particle film by a gel method, a post-treatment (ultraviolet irradiation: JP-A-9-157855, plasma treatment: JP-A-2002-327310) to form a thin film can be mentioned.

  On the other hand, from the viewpoint of easily improving productivity, it is also preferable to laminate and coat a thin film in which inorganic particles are dispersed in a matrix to laminate the antireflection layer. Furthermore, by coating a composition for forming an antireflection layer in which inorganic particles are dispersed in a matrix, when the antireflection layer is laminated, a fine uneven shape is formed on the coated surface to prevent reflection. It is also possible to impart an antiglare function to the layer.

Low-Reflection Layer The low-reflection layer is a layer formed of a low-refractive index material having a lower refractive index than the optical film serving as the base material. The low-refractive-index layer is formed by applying a coating solution containing a light-transmissive resin such as a cured product of the above-mentioned active energy ray-curable resin or a metal alkoxide-based polymer and inorganic fine particles, and then, if necessary, a coating layer. It can be formed by a method of curing by curing. As such a low refractive index material, specifically, lithium fluoride (LiF), magnesium fluoride (MgF ₂ ), aluminum fluoride (AlF ₃ ), cryolite (3NaF · AlF ₃ or Na ₃ AlF _6). Inorganic low-reflection material containing fine particles of an inorganic material such as) in an acrylic resin or an epoxy resin; a fluorine-based or silicone-based organic compound, a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, an ultraviolet curable resin, etc. An organic low reflection material can be used.

(Anti-fouling function)
The antifouling function is a function of preventing stains, and is a function obtained by imparting water repellency, oil repellency, sweat resistance, antifouling property, fingerprint resistance, etc. to a layer. In the optical layered body of the present invention, the functional layer may be a layer having an antifouling function (antifouling layer). The material for forming the antifouling layer may be an organic compound or an inorganic compound. Examples of materials that provide high water repellency and oil repellency include organic compounds containing fluorine and organic silicon compounds. Examples of the fluorine-containing organic compound include fluorocarbon, perfluorosilane, and polymer compounds thereof. From the viewpoint of easily enhancing the effect of preventing dirt from adhering, a material is preferable in which the contact angle of pure water on the surface of the antifouling layer is 90 ° or more, more preferably 100 ° or more. As a method for forming the antifouling layer, a physical vapor deposition method, a chemical vapor deposition method, a wet coating method or the like, which is represented by vapor deposition or sputtering, can be used depending on a material to be formed. The average thickness of the antifouling layer is usually about 1 to 50 nm, preferably 3 to 35 nm.

(UV absorption function)
In the optical layered body of the present invention, the functional layer may be an ultraviolet absorbing layer having an ultraviolet absorbing function. The ultraviolet absorbing layer is, for example, a main material selected from a UV-curable translucent resin, an electron beam curable translucent resin, and a thermosetting translucent resin, and an ultraviolet absorbing agent dispersed in this main material. It is composed of agents.

(Adhesive function)
In the optical layered body of the present invention, the functional layer may be an adhesive layer having an adhesive function of adhering the optical film to another member. A commonly known material can be used as the material for forming the adhesive layer. For example, a thermosetting resin composition or a photocurable resin composition can be used. In this case, the thermosetting resin composition or the photocurable resin composition can be polymerized and cured by subsequently supplying energy.

  The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may be a layer called pressure sensitive adhesive (Pressure Sensitive Adhesive, PSA) that is attached to an object by pressing. The pressure-sensitive adhesive may be an adhesive that is "a substance that has tackiness at room temperature and that adheres to an adherend with a light pressure" (JIS K 6800), and may be a "protective coating for specific components (microcapsules). ), Which is capable of maintaining stability until the coating is broken by an appropriate means (pressure, heat, etc.) (JIS K 6800).

(Hue adjustment function)
In the optical layered body of the present invention, the functional layer may be a hue adjusting layer having a function of adjusting the optical layered body to a desired hue. The hue adjustment layer is, for example, a layer containing a resin and a colorant. Examples of the colorant include inorganic oxides such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, red iron oxide, fired pigments of titanium oxide, ultramarine blue, cobalt aluminate, and carbon black; azo compounds, quinacridone compounds, anthraquinone compounds, perylene. -Based compounds, isoindolinone-based compounds, phthalocyanine-based compounds, quinophthalone-based compounds, slene-based compounds, organic pigments such as diketopyrrolopyrrole-based compounds; extender pigments such as barium sulfate and calcium carbonate; and basic dyes, acidic Examples of the dye include dyes and mordant dyes.

<Method for producing optical laminate>
The method for producing the optical layered body of the present invention having the above characteristics is not particularly limited, and for example, the following steps:
(A) a step of applying a varnish containing at least a polyimide-based resin and / or a polyamide-based resin, and a solvent on a support and drying the varnish to form a coating film,
(B) a step of peeling the coating film from the support,
It can be manufactured by a manufacturing method including at least a step of heating the peeled coating film to obtain a film, and a step of (d) laminating a functional layer on at least one surface of the film to obtain an optical laminate. The present invention also provides a method for producing an optical laminate, which includes at least the above steps.

The method for producing an optical layered body of the present invention is, after the step (c) or after the step (d),
(E) In the film reciprocal space image obtained by Fourier transforming the projection image obtained by the projection method using the obtained film or optical laminate, the line profiles in the direction h and the direction v orthogonal to each other are the line profile h and the line profile h, respectively. Let line profile v be a line profile in a direction h ′ and a direction v ′ that are orthogonal to each other in a background inverse space image obtained by Fourier transforming a background image obtained without using the film or the optical laminate in the projection method. The line profile h ′ and the line profile v ′ are respectively set, and the maximum intensity of the line profile (h−h ′) obtained by subtracting the line profile h ′ from the line profile h is Y _mh, and the frequency indicating the maximum intensity Y _mh is X. _mh and obtained by subtracting the line profile v ′ from the line profile v When the maximum intensity of the line profile (v-v ') is Y _mv and the frequency indicating the maximum intensity Y _mv is X _mv , the values of Y _mh and Y _mv , and Y _mh , Y _mv , and X _mh. And a step of evaluating the film based on the value of (Y _mh + Y _mv ) / (X _mh + X _mv ) ^1/2 calculated from X _mv .

を満たすことが好ましい。 The varnish used in the above step (a) contains at least a polyimide resin and / or a polyamide resin and a solvent. Here, the viscosity (cps) of the varnish and the solid content concentration (mass%) of the varnish have the following relationship:

It is preferable to satisfy.

  First, the step (a) of applying a varnish on a support and drying it to form a coating film will be described. Examples of the resin contained in the varnish include the resins described above as the resin contained in the optical film. Further, the varnish may contain the ultraviolet absorber, the filler, and other additives described above.

  The solvent contained in the varnish is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the resin. Examples of such solvents include amide solvents such as N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and N, N-dimethylformamide; lactone solvents such as γ-butyrolactone (GBL) and γ-valerolactone; dimethyl sulfone and dimethyl sulfoxide. , Sulfur-containing solvents such as sulfolane; carbonate-based solvents such as ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate; and combinations thereof (mixed solvent). Among these, amide solvents or lactone solvents are preferable from the viewpoint of easily increasing the optical homogeneity of the optical layered body. These solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. Further, the varnish may contain water, an alcohol solvent, a ketone solvent, an acyclic ester solvent, an ether solvent, or the like. The solid content concentration of the varnish is preferably 1 to 25% by mass, more preferably 5 to 20% by mass.

  The varnish can be prepared by mixing the resin, the solvent, and an ultraviolet absorber, a filler, and other additives which are used as necessary and stirring the mixture. For example, a dicarboxylic acid compound, a tetracarboxylic acid compound, and / or a diamine compound, and a reaction solution of a polyimide resin or a polyamide resin obtained by reacting the above-mentioned other raw materials with a solvent and optionally other The varnish may be prepared by mixing with additives and stirring. The varnish may be prepared by isolating the polyimide resin or the polyamide resin from the reaction solution and mixing it with a solvent or the like, or purchasing a solution or solid of the polyimide resin or the polyamide resin, and if necessary. The varnish may be prepared by mixing with a solvent or the like. When silica is used as the filler, the varnish may be prepared by using a silica sol in which the dispersion liquid of silica sol containing silica is replaced with a solvent in which the resin is soluble, for example, a solvent used for preparing the varnish described below. .

を満たすことが好ましい。ここで、ワニスの粘度（ｃｐｓ）は、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ８８０３：２０１１に従い、Ｅ型粘度計を用いて、２５℃で測定される。また、ワニスの固形分濃度は、ワニスに含有される樹脂、フィラー及び添加剤等の濃度（質量％）を表し、ワニスの全質量に基づくワニスに含有される固形分の質量から算出される。上記式で表されるワニスの粘度とワニスの固形分濃度との積は、光学積層体の光学的均質性を高めやすい観点から、好ましくは３，０００以上、より好ましくは３，５００以上である。上記式で表されるワニスの粘度とワニスの固形分濃度との積の上限は特に限定されないが、ワニスのハンドリングの観点からは、好ましくは１０，０００以下、より好ましくは７，０００以下である。 The viscosity (cps) of the varnish prepared as described above and the solid content concentration (mass%) of the varnish are not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of easily obtaining an optical layered body having excellent optical homogeneity, these are The following relationships:

It is preferable to satisfy. Here, the viscosity (cps) of the varnish is measured at 25 ° C. using an E-type viscometer according to JIS K 8803: 2011. The solid content concentration of the varnish represents the concentration (mass%) of the resin, the filler, the additive, etc. contained in the varnish, and is calculated from the mass of the solid content of the varnish based on the total mass of the varnish. The product of the viscosity of the varnish represented by the above formula and the solid content concentration of the varnish is preferably 3,000 or more, more preferably 3,500 or more from the viewpoint of easily increasing the optical homogeneity of the optical laminate. . The upper limit of the product of the viscosity of the varnish represented by the above formula and the solid content concentration of the varnish is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of handling the varnish, it is preferably 10,000 or less, more preferably 7,000 or less. .

  The viscosity of the varnish is preferably 5,000 to 60,000 cps, more preferably 10,000 to 50,000 cps, and further preferably 15,000 to 45,000 cps. When the viscosity of the varnish is at least the above lower limit, the effect of the present invention is easily obtained, and when it is at most the above upper limit, the handling of the varnish is easily improved.

  The solid content concentration of the varnish is preferably 5 to 25% by mass, more preferably 10 to 23% by mass, and further preferably 14 to 20% by mass. The solid content concentration of the varnish is preferably at least the above lower limit from the viewpoint of obtaining a thick film, and is preferably at most the above upper limit from the viewpoint of easy handling of the varnish.

  Examples of the support include a resin base material, a stainless steel belt, and a glass base material. It is preferable to use a resin film base material as the support. Examples of the resin film substrate include a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film, a cycloolefin (COP) film, an acrylic film, a polyimide film, and a polyamideimide film. Among them, a PET film, a COP film and the like are preferable from the viewpoint of excellent smoothness and heat resistance, and a PET film is more preferable from the viewpoint of adhesion to an optical film and cost.

  The thickness of the support is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 to 250 μm, more preferably 100 to 200 μm, and further preferably 125 to 200 μm. When the thickness of the support is less than or equal to the above upper limit, it is easy to suppress the production cost of the film, which is preferable. Further, it is preferable that the thickness of the support is not less than the above lower limit because curling of the film that may occur in the step of removing at least a part of the solvent is easily suppressed. Here, the thickness of the support is measured by a contact type film thickness meter or the like. From the viewpoint of easily improving the surface quality of the optical layered body and easily manufacturing the optical layered body of the present invention, the thickness distribution of the support is preferably ± 3 μm or less, more preferably ± 2.5 μm or less, and further preferably ± 2 μm or less. The thickness distribution of the support is calculated from the difference between the thickness at each location and the average thickness at 20 locations by measuring the thickness at at least 20 locations on the film according to the above-described thickness measurement method. To do.

  When the varnish is applied to the support, it may be applied to the support by a known application method. As a known coating method, for example, wire bar coating method, reverse coating, roll coating method such as gravure coating, die coating method, comma coating method, lip coating method, spin coating method, screen coating method, fountain coating method, dipping method, A spray method, a spout molding method and the like can be mentioned.

Next, the coating film can be formed by drying the coating film of the varnish applied on the support. Drying is performed by removing at least a part of the solvent from the coating film of the varnish, and the drying method is not particularly limited. For example, the coating film of the varnish applied on the support may be dried by heating. Hereinafter, the drying in the step (a) is also referred to as “first drying”, and the coating film formed on the support after drying is also referred to as “dry coating film”. The dried coating film may be a coating film in which all the solvents contained in the varnish have been dried, or a semi-dried coating film in which a part of the solvent has been dried. The first drying may be performed under an inert atmosphere or a reduced pressure condition, if necessary. It is preferable that the first drying is performed at a relatively low temperature for a long time. When the first drying is performed at a relatively low temperature for a long time, the values of Y _mh and Y _mv in the above formula are easily lowered, and the value of (Y _mh + Y _mv ) / (X _mh + X _mv ) ^1/2 is reduced. It is easy to decrease and it is easy to improve the optical homogeneity of the optical laminate.

  Especially when industrially producing the optical layered body of the present invention, the actual production environment is often disadvantageous in enhancing the optical homogeneity as compared with the laboratory-level production environment, and as a result, the optical layered body is produced. It may be difficult to increase the optical homogeneity of As described above, it is preferable to perform the first drying at a relatively low temperature for a long time, but at the laboratory level, when performing the first drying, the drying should be performed in a closed dryer. Therefore, the surface of the optical layered body is relatively unlikely to be roughened by an external factor. On the other hand, in the case of industrially producing the optical layered body, for example, since it is necessary to heat a large area in the first drying, an air blower may be used during heating. As a result, the surface condition of the optical film is likely to be rough, and it is difficult to improve the optical homogeneity of the film.

When performing drying by heating, the heating temperature during the first drying is preferably 60 to 150 ° C., more preferably in consideration of the external factors as described above when industrially producing the optical layered body. It is 60 to 130 ° C, and more preferably 70 to 120 ° C. The time of the first drying is preferably 5 to 60 minutes, more preferably 10 to 40 minutes. The first drying may be carried out under one-step or multi-step conditions, but especially considering the external factors as described above when industrially manufacturing the optical layered body, the heating temperature of three or more steps is used. It is preferably carried out under conditions. When the drying is performed under multi-stage conditions, it is possible to perform the drying under the same or different temperature conditions and / or drying time in each stage, for example, 3 to 10 stages, preferably 3 to 8 stages. You may dry under the conditions of. When the first drying is carried out under multistage conditions, it is easy to enhance the optical homogeneity of the optical laminate. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which the first drying is performed under a multi-step condition of three or more steps, it is preferable that the temperature profile of the first drying includes a temperature increase and a temperature decrease. That is, it is more preferable that the drying condition in the step (a) is a heating temperature condition of three or more stages in which the temperature profile includes temperature rising and temperature lowering. As an example of such a temperature profile, in the case of four stages, the temperatures of the first drying are 70 to 90 ° C. (first temperature), 90 to 120 ° C. (second temperature), and 80 to 120, respectively. C. (third temperature) and 80 to 100.degree. C. (fourth temperature). In this example, the first drying temperature is increased from the first temperature to the second temperature, then decreased from the second temperature to the third temperature, and further changed from the third temperature to the fourth temperature. Cool down. Here, the time of the first drying is, for example, 5 to 15 minutes in each stage. The first drying is preferably performed so that the residual amount of the solvent in the dried coating film is preferably 5 to 15% by mass, more preferably 6 to 12% by mass, based on the mass of the dried coating film. When the residual amount of the solvent is in the above range, the values of Y _mh and Y _mv in the above formula of the optical film or the optical laminate are likely to be lowered, and (Y _mh + Y _mv ) / (X _mh + X _mv ) ^1/2 It is easy to reduce the value of. Further, in the subsequent step (b), it is easy to enhance the releasability when peeling the coating film from the support. As a result, it is easy to improve the optical homogeneity of the optical laminate. The residual amount of the solvent is decreased by increasing the drying temperature in each step and increasing the drying time. Therefore, the drying temperature and the drying time can be adjusted so that the residual amount of the solvent is in a desired range, and the optical homogeneity of the optical layered body can be enhanced.

  Next, in step (b), the dried coating film is peeled off from the support. The peeling method is not particularly limited, and the coating may be moved and peeled while the support is fixed, or the support may be moved and peeled while the coating is fixed. However, peeling may be performed by moving both the coating film and the support.

Next, in the step (c), the coating film peeled in the step (b) is heated to obtain an optical film. Hereinafter, the heating step in the step (c) is also referred to as “second drying” or “post-baking”, and the coating film peeled in the step (b) is also referred to as “peel coating film” below. In step (c), post-baking is preferably carried out with the release coating film stretched in the in-plane direction. The heating temperature during the second drying is preferably 150 to 300 ° C, more preferably 180 to 250 ° C, and further preferably 180 to 230 ° C. The heating time in the second drying is preferably 10 to 60 minutes, more preferably 30 to 50 minutes. When the post-baking treatment is performed in a state where the dried coating film is uniformly stretched in the in-plane direction, the values of Y _mh and Y _mv in the above formula of the optical film or the optical laminate are likely to be lowered, and (Y _mh + Y _mv ) / (X _mh + X _mv ) ^1/2 value is easily lowered.

When heating the coating film in the step (3), it is preferable to apply tension to the coating film and heat the coating film in a state where the coating film is stretched in the in-plane direction. By heating while applying tension, it is easy to suppress a reduction in the optical homogeneity of the film caused by shrinkage of the coating film due to drying, and as a result, it is possible to reduce Y _mh and Y _mv in the above formula of the optical film or the optical laminate. The value is easily lowered, the value of (Y _mh + Y _mv ) / (X _mh + X _mv ) ^1/2 is easily lowered, and optical homogeneity is easily enhanced.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, when the optical film is manufactured by the roll-to-roll method, the release coating film may be dried while being stretched in the transport direction. Further, when the optical film is produced in a single-wafer manner, it may be dried in a state of being uniformly stretched in the in-plane direction. The transport speed in the roll-to-roll method is preferably 0.1 to 10 m / min, more preferably 0.5 to 8 m / min, and further preferably 0 from the viewpoint of easily increasing the optical homogeneity of the optical laminate. 0.5-5 m / min.

  For example, when an optical film is manufactured by a roll-to-roll method, an optical film can be obtained by heating while transporting a long strip-shaped coating film having a predetermined width. Here, when heating while applying tension to the coating film, the method is not limited at all, for example, while gripping both ends of the long strip film to be conveyed, while gripping the gripped film, The heat treatment is performed while the width of the film thus formed is set to a predetermined distance, for example, while being conveyed in a dryer. At this time, the ratio of the width of the film after heat treatment (however, the width does not include the grip) to the width of the film before heat treatment (however, the width does not include the grip) is 1.1 or less, and It is preferable to perform the step (3) by releasing the holding of the resin film that has come out of the dryer.

  The ratio of the width of the film after heat treatment (however, the width does not include the grip portion) to the width of the film before heat treatment (however, the grip portion is not included in the width) (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as draw ratio) is preferably Is 0.70 to 1.10, more preferably 0.80 to 1.05, and further preferably 0.85 to 1.03.

The grip of the film is performed by using a plurality of clips, for example.
The plurality of clips can be fixed to an endless chain of a predetermined length depending on the size of the transport device, the chain moving at the same speed as the film, and the clips in proper position on the chain. It is installed and grips the transparent resin film before entering the dryer, and the grip is released when it exits the dryer.

  The plurality of clips placed on one end of the film are placed so that the space between the adjacent clips is, for example, 1 to 50 mm, preferably 3 to 25 mm, more preferably 5 to 10 mm.

  When a straight line orthogonal to the film transport axis is aligned with the center of the grip of any clip at one end of the film, the intersection of the straight line and the other end of the film and the center of the grip of the clip closest to the intersection It is possible to set the distance between and to preferably 3 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or less, and further preferably 1 mm or less. When the distance is within the above range, it is easy to increase the homogeneity of the film especially on the left and right.

  When the ratio of the width of the film after heat treatment to the width of the film before heat treatment is within the above range, the film appearance tends to be good.

The amount of solvent in the film after heat treatment is preferably 0.001 to 3% by mass, more preferably 0.001 to 2% by mass, further preferably 0.001 to 1.5% by mass, based on the mass of the film. And particularly preferably 0.001 to 1.3% by mass. When the amount of solvent in the film after heat treatment is within the above range, the appearance of the optical film tends to be good.
Once the heat treatment is complete and the film exits the dryer, the film is unclamped, and preferably immediately, the film edge is slit. By performing the slit, by removing from the film the cracks that are likely to occur between the grip portion and the portion that was not gripped at the end of the film, the film is subsequently conveyed and its temperature is lowered. The spread of cracks can be prevented in advance.

As the film exits the dryer, it may cool rapidly, shrink, and crack. Therefore, it is preferable that there is a step of relaxing the film at a constant rate from the dryer outlet to the position where the grip of the film is released. The ratio is preferably the width of the film (excluding the gripped width) (W) coming out of the dryer and the distance (F) at which the grip portion is relaxed before the film is released from the dryer outlet. Is 1.7 ≦ F / W × 100 ≦ 6.9, more preferably 1.8 ≦ F / W × 100 ≦ 6.8, still more preferably 1.9 ≦ F / W × 100 ≦ 6.7, and More preferably, 2.0 ≦ F / W × 100 ≦ 6.7.
The relaxed distance on one end side with respect to the transport direction of the film is Fa, and the relaxed distance on the other end side is Fb.
The distance from the dryer outlet until the grip of the film is released is preferably 200 to 2,000 mm, more preferably 300 to 1,500 mm, further preferably 300 to 1,300 mm, even more preferably 300 to 1, It is 000 mm. When the distance is within the above range, the film is less likely to be cracked, and the appearance tends to be less likely to occur such as running water.

In the production method of the present invention, from the viewpoint of easy production of the optical laminate having the above characteristics, after peeling the coating film from the support in step (b), the coating film peeled in step (c) is heated. By doing so, a film is manufactured. However, the optical layered body of the present invention may be a film produced by any production method as long as the optical film or the optical layered body has the characteristics relating to Y _{mh and the} like. For example, it may be produced by post-baking the coating film before peeling the coating film from the support and peeling the post-baked film from the support.

  Next, in step (d), a functional layer is laminated on at least one surface of the film to obtain the optical laminate of the present invention. As a method for laminating the functional layer on at least one surface of the film, a method for coating the functional layer-forming composition on at least one surface of the film, and then drying and / or curing the same to laminate, at least the film A method in which a film-shaped functional layer is attached to one surface and laminated is mentioned. From the viewpoint of easily increasing the optical homogeneity of the optical laminate, it is preferable to coat the functional layer-forming composition to laminate the functional layers.

The production method of the present invention may further include a step (e) of evaluating a film or an optical laminate described later, after the step (c) or (d). In the step (e), the line profiles in the direction h and the direction v orthogonal to each other in the film reciprocal space image obtained by Fourier transforming the projection image obtained by the projection method using the obtained film or optical laminate are respectively lined. Profile h and line profile v, in directions h ′ and v ′ orthogonal to each other in a background inverse space image obtained by Fourier transforming a background image obtained without using the film or the optical laminate in the projection method. The line profiles are a line profile h ′ and a line profile v ′, and the maximum intensity of the line profile ( _hh ′) obtained by subtracting the line profile h ′ from the line profile h is Y _mh , and the maximum intensity Y _mh is shown. Let the frequency be X _mh , and change the line profile v from the line profile v ′. Subtracting the maximum intensity of obtained line profile (v-v ') and _{Y mv,} the frequency showing the maximum intensity _{Y mv} when the _{X mv,} the value of _{Y mh} and _{Y mv, and, Y mh,} Y _mv , X _mh and X _mv, the step of evaluating the film or the optical laminate based on the value of (Y _mh + Y _mv ) / (X _mh + X _mv ) ^1/2 .

In step (e), the optical homogeneity of the film or the optical laminate is evaluated based on the values of Y _mh and Y _{mv and} the value of (Y _mh + Y _mv ) / (X _mh + X _mv ) ^1/2. be able to. For example, by setting a predetermined value according to the required optical homogeneity, by comparing the value with the result obtained for the film or the optical laminate, to determine the quality of the film, by separating the film , Y _mh and Y _{mv, and} the value of (Y _mh + Y _mv ) / (X _mh + X _mv ) ^1/2 is not more than a predetermined value, and an optical film or optical laminate having excellent optical homogeneity The body can be manufactured. In addition, the optical layered body of the present invention having the above characteristics can be manufactured by adjusting the drying conditions and the like while evaluating the above values.

In the step (e) of evaluating the film, the optical homogeneity is evaluated based on the maximum strengths Y _mh and Y _mv measured by the evaluation method of the present invention, and the quality of the optical film or the optical laminate is evaluated. Judgment is preferable from the viewpoint that an optical laminate having excellent optical homogeneity can be efficiently produced. The criteria for determining the quality of the optical film or the optical laminate may be appropriately set depending on the intended use of the optical laminate and the optical homogeneity required for the optical laminate, and is not particularly limited. Suitable for use as an optical film or the like, for the purpose of obtaining an optical laminate having excellent homogeneity, in the case of judging quality of the optical film or the optical laminate, in the optical laminate of the present invention It is preferable to judge whether the contained optical film or the optical layered body of the present invention has the characteristics described above as a reference.

According to the above-mentioned evaluation step, it becomes possible to evaluate the optical homogeneity with higher accuracy as compared with the conventional evaluation method. Specifically, according to the evaluation step, the optical property is caused by unevenness in both the TD direction and the MD direction, unevenness of different widths, and the like, which cannot be evaluated with sufficient accuracy by the conventional evaluation method. It is possible to evaluate variations in the optical properties, and it is possible to accurately evaluate the optical homogeneity regardless of the type of unevenness. In addition, it is possible to quantify the homogeneity of the film or the optical laminate by the evaluation step. The optical film or optical laminate to be measured in the evaluation step in this specification is also referred to as "measurement film". The evaluation step in step (e) is specifically the following steps (1) to (5):
(1) A step of irradiating the measurement film with light from a light source and obtaining a projection image by a projection method of projecting light transmitted through the measurement film onto a projection surface,
(2) a step of obtaining a background image by projecting light from a light source onto a projection surface without using a measurement film in the projection method of step (1),
(3) The projected image obtained in the step (1) and the background image obtained in the step (2) are each digitized by gray scale conversion, and the digitized image data is Fourier transformed to obtain an inverse space image (film inverse space image). And a background inverse space image),
(4) Obtaining a blank-corrected line profile by subtracting each line profile in the two directions orthogonal in the inverse space image of the background image from each line profile in the two directions orthogonal to the inverse space image of the projection image ,
as well as,
(5) At least including the step of measuring the maximum intensities (Y _mh and Y _mv ) of the blank-corrected line profile obtained in step (4).

  In step (1), the measurement film is irradiated with light from a light source, and the light transmitted through the measurement film is projected onto a projection surface to obtain a projected image. In the step (1), a measurement film, a projection surface, etc. may be arranged as shown in FIG. 1, for example. Specifically, the light source 1, the measurement film 2, and the projection surface 3 are arranged, and the projection image 4 projected on the projection surface 3 is photographed by the camera 6 to obtain the projection image. The light 5 output from the light source 1 is transmitted through the measurement film 2, and the transmitted light is projected as a projection image 4 on the projection surface 3. When the light 5 passes through the measurement film 2 and the measurement film 2 is homogeneous, the light 5 passes through the measurement film 2 uniformly and reaches the projection surface 3, but the measurement film 2 is not homogeneous and the surface unevenness is caused. When there is unevenness in thickness, unevenness in orientation, etc., when the light 5 passes through the measurement film 2, reflection and / or refraction occurs, and light in a distorted state is projected as compared with the state output from the light source. Reach surface 3. By evaluating the projection image 4 thus obtained by the method described below, the optical homogeneity of the measurement film can be evaluated or quantified with high accuracy. From the viewpoint of easily obtaining a clear projected image, it is preferable to shoot only the light from the light source through the measurement film in a dark room. The type of light source is not particularly limited, and for example, an LED light source or a halogen lamp may be used. A light source close to a point light source is preferable, and the light emitting portion preferably has a diameter of 1 cm or less. Light that does not pass through the filter or lens is preferable because the projected image tends to become unclear when passing through the filter or lens. The projection surface is not particularly limited as long as the projected image of the measurement film is visible, but for example, an acrylic plate, a vinyl chloride plate, a polyethylene plate, a movie screen, or the like may be used. The method of capturing the image projected on the projection surface is not particularly limited, but, for example, as shown in FIG. The camera 6 may be fixed at a position where the projected image 4 is obliquely photographed. The shooting mode may be set appropriately, and for example, the setting as described in the embodiment may be used. In this way, a projected image is obtained.

  In step (2), the projection image is obtained by projecting the light from the light source onto the projection surface without using the measurement film in the projection method of step (1). Specifically, for example, in FIG. 1, the image is taken with only the measurement film 2 removed to obtain a background image.

  In step (3), the projected image obtained in step (1) and the background image obtained in step (2) are each digitized by gray scale, and the digitized image data is Fourier transformed to obtain an inverse space image. . The gray scale conversion can be performed by using an image analysis software (for example, "Image-J" manufactured by National Institute of Health, USA), for example, 8-bit gray scale conversion. The grayscale conversion allows the projection image and the background image to be digitized. Next, the digitized image data is subjected to Fourier transform to obtain an inverse space image (film inverse space image and background inverse space image). By performing a Fourier transform on the digitized image data, the grayscale period and amplitude of the image can be obtained. Examples of the Fourier transform method include using the Fourier transform function of image analysis software (Image-J).

  In step (4), the blank-corrected line profile is subtracted by subtracting the line profiles in the two directions orthogonal in the inverse space image of the background image from the line profiles in the two directions orthogonal to the inverse space image of the projection image. To get

In step (5), to measure the process maximum intensity of the blank corrected line profile obtained in (4) _{Y max (respectively, Y mh} and _{Y mv).} The measuring method of Y _mh and Y _mv is as described above for the measuring film, and for example, the line profile in each of the horizontal direction (h1 direction) and the vertical direction (v1 direction) passing through the center of the reciprocal space image. Is created, it is shown as a graph showing the frequency on the X axis and the intensity on the Y axis as shown in FIG. 3, for example. Then, the maximum intensity Y _max in the horizontal (h1 direction) line profile is set to Y _mh1, and X is a value obtained by subtracting the median value X _cen of all frequencies in the blank-corrected line profile from the frequency indicating the maximum intensity Y _mh1. Let _max be X _mh1 . Further, the maximum intensity Y _max in the vertical direction (v1 direction) line profile is Y _mv1, and X is a value obtained by subtracting the median X _cen of all frequencies in the blank-corrected line profile from the frequency indicating the maximum intensity Y _mv1. Let _max be X _mv1 . The two directions are not particularly limited as long as they are orthogonal to each other, and may be two directions that do not pass through the center, and may not be the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

By measuring the above Y _mh and Y _mv , the homogeneity can be evaluated in the two-dimensional direction of the measurement film. The planar unevenness that contributes to lowering the optical homogeneity of the measurement film includes unevenness of a type that cannot be sufficiently detected by one-dimensional evaluation, such as striped unevenness. According to the evaluation method of the present invention, the optical homogeneity can be evaluated in the two-dimensional direction, so that the evaluation can be performed with high accuracy regardless of the type of unevenness of the measurement film. It is also possible to quantify the homogeneity of the measurement film by measuring the above Y _mh and Y _mv and obtaining the values.

Further, in addition to the maximum intensities Y _mh and Y _mv , X _mh and X _mv which are values obtained by subtracting the median X _cen of all frequencies in the blank-corrected line profile from the frequencies showing these maximum intensities are used. By performing the evaluation, it is also possible to detect the period in which the planar unevenness that causes the optical homogeneity of the measurement film is generated.

  The optical layered body of the present invention may be a film roll wound around a winding core. The material forming the winding core is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyester resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, silicon resin, polyurethane resin, polycarbonate resin, ABS resin and the like. It may be a synthetic resin; a metal such as aluminum; a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP: a composite material in which fibers such as glass fibers are contained in plastic to improve the strength). Although the shape of the winding core is not particularly limited, it is preferably a cylindrical shape or a cylindrical shape. When the winding core is cylindrical or cylindrical, its outer diameter is preferably 1 to 12 inches, more preferably 3 to 10 inches, and further preferably 3 to 6 inches from the viewpoint of strength and operability. . Further, the vertical length of the winding core is preferably 1.0 to 2.0 times, more preferably 1.0 to 1. times the length in the width direction of the transparent resin film to be wound, from the viewpoint of operability. It is 8 times, more preferably 1.0 to 1.5 times.

  When the optical layered body of the present invention is in the form of a film roll, in the manufacturing process of the optical layered body, the optical layered body having an optical film and a functional layer, and optionally a protective film, is wound into a roll on a roll. It may have a different form. The optical film may not be peeled from the support, and the support may be wound together. The optical laminate of the present invention may be an optical laminate in the form of a film roll, or a film obtained by cutting the optical laminate in the form of a film roll.

  The optical layered body of the present invention has a length in the width direction of preferably 20 cm or more, more preferably 30 cm or more, still more preferably 40 cm or more, still more preferably 50 cm or more, particularly preferably from the viewpoint of easily increasing optical homogeneity. Is 60 cm or more. The upper limit of the length in the width direction is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, about 200 cm or less. Further, the optical layered body of the present invention has a length in the length direction of preferably 1 m or more, more preferably 10 m or more, further preferably 100 m or more, and still more preferably 200 m or more, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the optical homogeneity. , More preferably 300 m or more, particularly preferably 400 m or more. The upper limit of the length in the length direction is not particularly limited and may be, for example, about 5000 m or less. By laminating at least one functional layer on the optical film having the above size, an optical laminate having the above size can be manufactured. The optical laminate having the above size is preferably manufactured by a roll-to-roll method from the viewpoint of easily increasing the optical homogeneity, that is, it is preferably in the form of a film roll. From the obtained film roll, an optical laminate can be cut out and used according to the size of the required flexible device.

When the size of the optical laminate or the optical film is large as described above, for example, a film having a predetermined size (for example, 200 mm × 300 mm) is cut out to obtain a measurement film, and Y _{mh and the} like obtained for the measurement film are measured. You may evaluate the value. Measurement may be performed on a plurality of sheets, and evaluation may be performed using an average value of the obtained values. The preferable range of the average value is the same as the above range regarding Y _mh and the like.

<Protective film>
A protective film may be laminated on the optical laminate of the present invention. The protective film may be laminated on one side or both sides of the optical laminate. When the optical laminate has a functional layer on one surface and does not have a functional layer on the other surface, the protective film may be laminated on the surface on the functional layer side of the optical laminate, or It may be laminated on the surface on the film side, or may be laminated on both surfaces. When the optical laminate has functional layers on both sides, the protective film may be laminated on the surface on one functional layer side, or may be laminated on the surface on both functional layer sides. The protective film is a film for temporarily protecting the surface of the optical film or the functional layer, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a peelable film capable of protecting the surface of the optical film or the functional layer. Examples of the protective film include polyester resin films such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate; polyolefin resin films such as polyethylene and polypropylene films; acrylic resin films; and polyolefin resin films, polyethylene. It is preferably selected from the group consisting of a terephthalate resin film and an acrylic resin film. When two protective films are laminated on the optical laminate of the present invention, each protective film may be the same or different.

  The thickness of the protective film is not particularly limited, but is usually 10 to 120 μm, preferably 15 to 110 μm, and more preferably 20 to 100 μm. When two protective films are laminated on the optical laminate of the present invention, the thickness of each protective film may be the same or different.

<Flexible display device>
The present invention also provides a flexible display device including the optical layered body of the present invention. The optical layered body of the present invention is preferably used as a front plate in a flexible display device, and the front plate may be referred to as a window film. The flexible display device includes a flexible display device laminate and an organic EL display panel. The flexible display device laminate is arranged on the viewing side of the organic EL display panel and is configured to be bendable. The laminate for a flexible display device may further contain a polarizing plate (preferably a circularly polarizing plate), a touch sensor and the like, and the order of laminating them is arbitrary, but from the viewing side, the window film, the polarizing plate, the touch panel, etc. It is preferable that the sensors are laminated in this order, or the window film, the touch sensor, and the polarizing plate are laminated in this order. The presence of the polarizing plate on the viewing side of the touch sensor is preferable because the pattern of the touch sensor is less likely to be viewed and the visibility of the display image is improved. Each member can be laminated using an adhesive, a pressure-sensitive adhesive or the like. Further, the flexible display device may include a light-shielding pattern formed on at least one surface of any one of the window film, the polarizing plate, and the touch sensor.

<Circular polarizing plate>
As described above, the flexible display device of the present invention preferably includes a polarizing plate, and in particular, a circular polarizing plate. The circularly polarizing plate is a functional layer having a function of transmitting only the right or left circularly polarized light component by laminating a λ / 4 retardation plate on a linearly polarizing plate. For example, by converting the external light into right circularly polarized light, blocking the external light reflected by the organic EL panel to become left circularly polarized light, and transmitting only the luminescence component of the organic EL, the effect of reflected light is suppressed and the image is displayed. It is used to make it easier to see. In order to achieve the circular polarization function, the absorption axis of the linear polarizing plate and the slow axis of the λ / 4 retardation plate are theoretically required to be 45 degrees, but practically they are 45 ± 10 degrees. The linearly polarizing plate and the λ / 4 retardation plate do not necessarily have to be laminated adjacent to each other, and the relationship between the absorption axis and the slow axis may satisfy the above range. It is preferable to achieve perfect circularly polarized light at all wavelengths, but this is not necessary in practice, so the circularly polarizing plate in the present invention also includes an elliptically polarizing plate. It is also preferable to further laminate a λ / 4 retardation film on the visible side of the linearly polarizing plate so that the emitted light is circularly polarized light to improve the visibility in the state of wearing polarized sunglasses.

  The linear polarizing plate is a functional layer having a function of transmitting light oscillating in the transmission axis direction, but blocking polarized light of an oscillating component perpendicular to the light. The linear polarizing plate may have a configuration including a linear polarizer alone or a linear polarizer and a protective film attached to at least one surface thereof. The thickness of the linear polarizing plate may be 200 μm or less, preferably 0.5 to 100 μm. When the thickness of the linearly polarizing plate is within the above range, the flexibility of the linearly polarizing plate tends to be less likely to decrease.

The linear polarizer may be a film-type polarizer produced by dyeing and stretching a polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as PVA) film. A dichroic dye such as iodine is adsorbed on a PVA-based film oriented by stretching, or stretched in a state of being adsorbed on PVA, whereby the dichroic dye is oriented and exhibits polarization performance. The production of the film-type polarizer may further include steps such as swelling, crosslinking with boric acid, washing with an aqueous solution, and drying. The stretching and dyeing steps may be performed on the PVA-based film alone, or may be performed in a state of being laminated with another film such as polyethylene terephthalate. The thickness of the PVA-based film used is preferably 10 to 100 μm, and the draw ratio is preferably 2 to 10 times.
Further, as another example of the above-mentioned polarizer, there is a liquid crystal coating type polarizer formed by coating a liquid crystal polarizing composition. The liquid crystal polarizing composition may include a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye compound. The liquid crystalline compound has only to have a property of exhibiting a liquid crystal state, and particularly preferably has a higher order alignment state such as a smectic phase because high polarization performance can be exhibited. The liquid crystal compound preferably has a polymerizable functional group.
The dichroic dye compound is a dye that is aligned with the liquid crystal compound and exhibits dichroism, and may have a polymerizable functional group, and the dichroic dye itself has liquid crystallinity. May be.
Any of the compounds contained in the liquid crystal polarizing composition has a polymerizable functional group. The liquid crystal polarizing composition may further include an initiator, a solvent, a dispersant, a leveling agent, a stabilizer, a surfactant, a cross-linking agent, a silane coupling agent and the like.
The liquid crystal polarizing layer is manufactured by applying a liquid crystal polarizing composition on the alignment film to form a liquid crystal polarizing layer. The liquid crystal polarizing layer can be formed thinner than the film-type polarizer, and the thickness thereof is preferably 0.5 to 10 μm, more preferably 1 to 5 μm.

The alignment film is produced, for example, by applying the composition for forming an alignment film on a substrate and imparting the alignment property by rubbing, irradiation with polarized light, or the like. The composition for forming an alignment film contains an aligning agent, and may further contain a solvent, a crosslinking agent, an initiator, a dispersant, a leveling agent, a silane coupling agent, and the like. Examples of the aligning agent include polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylates, polyamic acids, and polyimides. When using an aligning agent that imparts an alignment property by polarized light irradiation, it is preferable to use an aligning agent containing a cinnamate group. The weight average molecular weight of the polymer used as the aligning agent is, for example, about 10,000 to 1,000,000. The thickness of the alignment film is preferably 5 to 10,000 nm, and more preferably 10 to 500 nm in that the alignment regulating force is sufficiently exhibited.
The liquid crystal polarizing layer may be peeled from the base material and transferred to be laminated, or the base material may be laminated as it is. It is also preferable that the base material plays a role as a transparent base material of a protective film, a retardation plate or a window film.

  As the protective film, a transparent polymer film may be used, and the same materials and additives as those used for the transparent base material of the window film can be used. Further, it may be a coating type protective film obtained by applying and curing a cationically curable composition such as an epoxy resin or a radical curable composition such as an acrylate. The protective film is, if necessary, a plasticizer, an ultraviolet absorber, an infrared absorber, a coloring agent such as a pigment or a dye, a fluorescent brightening agent, a dispersant, a heat stabilizer, a light stabilizer, an antistatic agent, an antioxidant. , A lubricant, a solvent and the like may be contained. The thickness of the protective film is preferably 200 μm or less, more preferably 1 to 100 μm. When the thickness of the protective film is within the above range, the flexibility of the film tends to be less likely to decrease.

The λ / 4 retardation plate is a film that gives a λ / 4 retardation in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of incident light (in-plane direction of the film). The λ / 4 retardation plate may be a stretchable retardation plate produced by stretching a polymer film such as a cellulose film, an olefin film, or a polycarbonate film. The λ / 4 retardation plate is, if necessary, a retardation adjuster, a plasticizer, an ultraviolet absorber, an infrared absorber, a coloring agent such as a pigment or a dye, an optical brightener, a dispersant, a heat stabilizer, and a light stabilizer. It may contain agents, antistatic agents, antioxidants, lubricants, solvents and the like.
The thickness of the stretchable retardation plate is preferably 200 μm or less, more preferably 1 to 100 μm. When the thickness of the stretchable retardation plate is within the above range, the flexibility of the stretchable retardation plate tends to be less likely to decrease.
Further, as another example of the λ / 4 retardation plate, there is a liquid crystal coating type retardation plate formed by applying a liquid crystal composition.
The liquid crystal composition contains a liquid crystal compound exhibiting a liquid crystal state such as nematic, cholesteric, or smectic. The liquid crystal compound has a polymerizable functional group.
The liquid crystal composition may further include an initiator, a solvent, a dispersant, a leveling agent, a stabilizer, a surfactant, a crosslinking agent, a silane coupling agent and the like.
The liquid crystal coating type retardation plate can be manufactured by coating a liquid crystal composition on a base and curing it to form a liquid crystal retardation layer, similar to the liquid crystal polarizing layer. The liquid crystal coating type retardation plate can be formed thinner than the stretched retardation plate. The thickness of the liquid crystal polarizing layer is preferably 0.5 to 10 μm, more preferably 1 to 5 μm.
The liquid crystal coating type retardation plate can be peeled from the base material and transferred to be laminated, or the base material can be laminated as it is. It is also preferable that the base material plays a role as a transparent base material of a protective film, a retardation plate or a window film.

In general, many materials exhibit large birefringence at shorter wavelengths and smaller birefringence at longer wavelengths. In this case, since it is not possible to achieve a phase difference of λ / 4 in the entire visible light region, the in-plane phase difference is preferably 100 to 100 so that it becomes λ / 4 near 560 nm where the visibility is high. It is designed to be 180 nm, more preferably 130 to 150 nm. An inverse dispersion λ / 4 retardation plate using a material having a birefringence wavelength dispersion characteristic opposite to the usual one is preferable in terms of good visibility. As such a material, for example, the stretchable retardation plate described in JP-A-2007-232873 and the liquid crystal coating-type retardation plate described in JP-A-2010-30979 can be used. .
As another method, there is also known a technique of obtaining a broadband λ / 4 phase difference plate by combining with a λ / 2 phase difference plate (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-90521). The λ / 2 retardation plate is also manufactured by the same material method as that of the λ / 4 retardation plate. Although the combination of the stretched retardation plate and the liquid crystal coated retardation plate is arbitrary, the thickness can be reduced by using the liquid crystal coated retardation plate in both cases.
A method is known in which a positive C plate is laminated on the circularly polarizing plate in order to enhance the visibility in an oblique direction (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2014-224837). The positive C plate may be a liquid crystal coating type retardation plate or a stretched retardation plate. The retardation in the thickness direction of the retardation plate is preferably −200 to −20 nm, more preferably −140 to −40 nm.

<Touch sensor>
As described above, the flexible display device of the present invention preferably includes the touch sensor. The touch sensor is used as an input means. Examples of the touch sensor include various methods such as a resistance film method, a surface acoustic wave method, an infrared method, an electromagnetic induction method, and an electrostatic capacity method, and an electrostatic capacity method is preferable.
The capacitive touch sensor is divided into an active region and a non-active region located outside the active region. The active region is a region corresponding to a region where the screen is displayed on the display panel (display unit), and is a region where the user's touch is sensed, and the inactive region is a region where the screen is not displayed on the display device (non-display region). This is an area corresponding to the display part). The touch sensor is formed on a substrate having flexible characteristics, a sensing pattern formed on an active region of the substrate, and an inactive region of the substrate, and is connected to an external driving circuit via the sensing pattern and a pad unit. Each sensing line can be included. As the substrate having flexible characteristics, the same material as the transparent substrate of the window film can be used.

The sensing pattern may include a first pattern formed in the first direction and a second pattern formed in the second direction. The first pattern and the second pattern are arranged in different directions. The first pattern and the second pattern are formed on the same layer, and the respective patterns must be electrically connected in order to detect a touched point. The first pattern has a structure in which a plurality of unit patterns are connected to each other through a joint, but the second pattern has a structure in which a plurality of unit patterns are separated from each other in an island shape. A separate bridge electrode is required for effective connection. A known transparent electrode can be applied to the electrode for connecting the second pattern. Examples of the material of the transparent electrode include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc oxide (ZnO), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO). , Cadmium tin oxide (CTO), PEDOT (poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)), carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene, metal wire and the like, and ITO is preferable. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The metal used for the metal wire is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include silver, gold, aluminum, copper, iron, nickel, titanium, ternium, chromium, and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. You can
The bridge electrode may be formed on the insulating layer on the sensing pattern via an insulating layer, and the bridge electrode may be formed on the substrate, and the insulating layer and the sensing pattern may be formed on the bridge electrode. The bridge electrode may be formed of the same material as the sensing pattern, or may be formed of molybdenum, silver, aluminum, copper, palladium, gold, platinum, zinc, tin, titanium, or an alloy of two or more of these. it can.
Since the first pattern and the second pattern must be electrically insulated, an insulating layer is formed between the sensing pattern and the bridge electrode. The insulating layer may be formed only between the joint of the first pattern and the bridge electrode, or may be formed as a layer covering the entire sensing pattern. When the layer covers the entire sensing pattern, the bridge electrode may connect the second pattern through a contact hole formed in the insulating layer.

The touch sensor is triggered by a difference in transmittance between a patterned area having a sensing pattern and a non-patterned area having no sensing pattern, specifically, a difference in refractive index in these areas. An optical adjustment layer may be further included between the substrate and the electrode as a means for appropriately compensating for the difference in light transmittance. The optical adjustment layer may include an inorganic insulating material or an organic insulating material. The optical adjustment layer may be formed by coating a photocurable composition containing a photocurable organic binder and a solvent on a substrate. The photocurable composition may further include inorganic particles. The inorganic particles can increase the refractive index of the optical adjustment layer.
The photocurable organic binder includes, for example, a copolymer of each monomer such as an acrylate-based monomer, a styrene-based monomer, a carboxylic acid-based monomer, etc. within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. be able to. The photocurable organic binder may be, for example, a copolymer containing different repeating units such as an epoxy group-containing repeating unit, an acrylate repeating unit, and a carboxylic acid repeating unit.
Examples of the inorganic particles include zirconia particles, titania particles, and alumina particles.
The photocurable composition may further include various additives such as a photopolymerization initiator, a polymerizable monomer, and a curing aid.

<Adhesive layer>
Each layer (window film, circularly polarizing plate, touch sensor) forming the laminate for the flexible image display device and a film member (linear polarizing plate, λ / 4 retardation plate, etc.) forming each layer are bonded with an adhesive. You can As the adhesive, a water-based adhesive, an organic solvent-based adhesive, a solvent-free adhesive, a solid adhesive, a solvent volatilizing adhesive, a moisture-curable adhesive, a heat-curable adhesive, an anaerobic-curable adhesive, an active energy ray-curable adhesive Type adhesives, hardener mixed type adhesives, hot-melt type adhesives, pressure-sensitive type adhesives (adhesives), rewet type adhesives, and other commonly used adhesives can be used, preferably water-based solvent volatilization A mold adhesive, an active energy ray curable adhesive, or a pressure sensitive adhesive can be used. The thickness of the adhesive layer can be appropriately adjusted according to the required adhesive strength and the like, and is preferably 0.01 to 500 μm, more preferably 0.1 to 300 μm. A plurality of adhesive layers are present in the laminate for a flexible image display device, but the thickness and type of each may be the same or different.

  As the water-based solvent volatilizing adhesive, a water-soluble polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer, starch or the like, ethylene-vinyl acetate-based emulsion, styrene-butadiene-based emulsion or the like can be used as a main polymer. In addition to the base polymer and water, a cross-linking agent, a silane compound, an ionic compound, a cross-linking catalyst, an antioxidant, a dye, a pigment, an inorganic filler, an organic solvent and the like may be added. In the case of bonding with the water-based solvent volatilization type adhesive, the water-based solvent volatilization type adhesive may be injected between the adhered layers to bond the adhered layers and then dried to impart adhesiveness. When the water-based solvent volatile adhesive is used, the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 0.01 to 10 μm, more preferably 0.1 to 1 μm. When the water-based solvent volatile adhesive is used in a plurality of layers, the thickness and type of each layer may be the same or different.

The active energy ray-curable adhesive can be formed by curing an active energy ray-curable composition containing a reactive material that irradiates an active energy ray to form an adhesive layer. The active energy ray-curable composition can contain at least one polymer of a radically polymerizable compound and a cationically polymerizable compound similar to those contained in the hard coat composition. As the radically polymerizable compound, the same compound as the radically polymerizable compound in the hard coat composition can be used.
As the cationically polymerizable compound, the same compound as the cationically polymerizable compound in the hard coat composition can be used.
An epoxy compound is particularly preferable as the cationically polymerizable compound used in the active energy ray-curable composition. It is also preferable to include a monofunctional compound as a reactive diluent in order to reduce the viscosity of the adhesive composition.

The active energy ray composition may contain a monofunctional compound in order to reduce the viscosity. Examples of the monofunctional compound include an acrylate-based monomer having one (meth) acryloyl group in one molecule and a compound having one epoxy group or oxetanyl group in one molecule, such as glycidyl (meth ) Examples include acrylate.
The active energy ray composition may further contain a polymerization initiator. Examples of the polymerization initiator include radical polymerization initiators, cationic polymerization initiators, radicals and cationic polymerization initiators, and these are appropriately selected and used. These polymerization initiators are decomposed by at least one of irradiation with active energy rays and heating to generate radicals or cations to promote radical polymerization and cation polymerization. In the description of the hard coat composition, an initiator capable of initiating radical polymerization and / or cationic polymerization by irradiation with active energy rays can be used.
The active energy ray-curable composition is further an ion scavenger, an antioxidant, a chain transfer agent, an adhesion promoter, a thermoplastic resin, a filler, a flow viscosity modifier, a plasticizer, a defoaming agent solvent, an additive, a solvent. Can be included. When adhering two adherend layers with the active energy ray-curable adhesive, the active energy ray-curable composition is applied to either or both of the adherend layers and then laminated, and either adherend layer is adhered. Alternatively, both layers to be adhered can be adhered by irradiating them with active energy rays to cure them. When the active energy ray-curable adhesive is used, the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 0.01 to 20 μm, more preferably 0.1 to 10 μm. When the active energy ray-curable adhesive is used to form a plurality of adhesive layers, the thickness and type of each layer may be the same or different.

  The pressure-sensitive adhesive may be classified into an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, a urethane pressure-sensitive adhesive, a rubber pressure-sensitive adhesive, a silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive, etc. depending on the base polymer, and any of these may be used. In addition to the base polymer, the pressure-sensitive adhesive may contain a crosslinking agent, a silane compound, an ionic compound, a crosslinking catalyst, an antioxidant, a tackifier, a plasticizer, a dye, a pigment, an inorganic filler, and the like. Each component constituting the pressure-sensitive adhesive is dissolved and dispersed in a solvent to obtain a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition is applied onto a substrate and then dried to form a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer adhesive layer. It The adhesive layer may be directly formed, or may be separately formed on a substrate and transferred. It is also preferable to use a release film to cover the adhesive surface before adhesion. When the active energy ray-curable adhesive is used, the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 0.1 to 500 μm, more preferably 1 to 300 μm. When a plurality of layers of the pressure-sensitive adhesive are used, the thickness and type of each layer may be the same or different.

<Shading pattern>
The light shielding pattern can be applied as at least a part of a bezel or a housing of the flexible image display device. The visibility is improved by hiding the wiring arranged at the peripheral portion of the flexible image display device by the light-shielding pattern and making it hard to see. The light-shielding pattern may be in the form of a single layer or multiple layers. The color of the light-shielding pattern is not particularly limited, and may be various colors such as black, white and metallic colors. The light-shielding pattern can be formed of a pigment for realizing a color and a polymer such as acrylic resin, ester resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane, or silicone. These can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more kinds. The light shielding pattern can be formed by various methods such as printing, lithography and inkjet. The thickness of the light shielding pattern is preferably 1 to 100 μm, more preferably 2 to 50 μm. Further, it is also preferable to provide a shape such as an inclination in the thickness direction of the light shielding pattern.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples. Unless otherwise specified, "%" and "parts" in the examples mean mass% and parts by mass. First, a method of measuring physical property values will be described.

<Weight average molecular weight>
Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) Measurement (1) Pretreatment Method A sample was dissolved in γ-butyrolactone (GBL) to make a 20 mass% solution, which was then diluted 100 times with a DMF eluent to obtain a 0.45 μm membrane filter. The filtered solution was used as a measurement solution.
(2) Measurement condition column: TSKgel SuperAWM-H × 2 + SuperAW 2500 × 1 (6.0 mm ID × 150 mm × 3)
Eluent: DMF (10 mM lithium bromide added)
Flow rate: 0.6 mL / min Detector: RI detector Column temperature: 40 ° C
Injection volume: 20 μL
Molecular weight standard: Standard polystyrene

<Imidization rate>
The imidization ratio was determined by ¹ H-NMR measurement as follows.
(1) Pretreatment Method A sample was dissolved in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-d ₆ ) to obtain a 2 mass% solution, which was used as a measurement solution.
(2) Measuring conditions Measuring device: JEOL 400 MHz NMR device JNM-ECZ400S / L1
Standard substance: DMSO-d ₆ (2.5 ppm)
Sample temperature: Total number of room temperature: 256 times Relaxation time: 5 seconds (3) Imidization ratio analysis method (3-1) Imidization ratio of polyimide resin A ¹ H-NMR spectrum obtained for a measurement solution containing polyimide resin A Among the benzene protons observed in 1., the integral value of benzene proton A derived from the structure that does not change before and after imidization was defined as Int _A.
Further, the integral value of amide protons derived from the amic acid structure remaining in the polyimide resin was defined as Int _B. The imidization ratio of the polyimide resin A was calculated from these integrated values based on the following formula. In the following formula, α is the number ratio of benzene protons A to one amide proton in the case of polyamic acid (imidization ratio 0%).
Imidization ratio (%) = 100 × (1-α × Int _B / Int _A ).
(3-2) Imidization Ratio of Polyamideimide Resin A Of the benzene protons observed in the ¹ H-NMR spectrum obtained for the measurement solution containing the polyamideimide resin A, the imide proton is derived from the structure that does not change before and after imidization, The integral value of benzene proton C that was not affected by the structure derived from the amic acid structure remaining in the polyamide-imide resin was Int _C.
Further, Int _D is an integral value of benzene protons D, which is derived from the structure of the observed benzene protons that does not change before and after imidization and is affected by the structure derived from the amic acid structure remaining in the polyamideimide resin A. . The β value was calculated from these integrated values based on the following formula.
β = Int _D / Int _C
Next, in order to obtain a correlation formula for converting β into an imidization ratio, β values are obtained in the same manner as above for a plurality of polyamideimide resins having different imidization ratios, and the imidization ratio is determined using an HSQC spectrum. The following correlation equation was obtained from these results.
Imidization rate (%) = k × β + 100
In the above correlation equation, k is a constant.
Next, β obtained for the polyamide-imide resin A was substituted into the above correlation equation to obtain the imidization ratio (%) of the polyamide-imide resin A.

<Average primary particle size>
The specific surface area of the powder obtained by drying the silica sol at 300 ° C. was measured using a specific surface area measuring device Monosorb MS-16 manufactured by Yuasa Iokunis Co., Ltd., and the measured specific surface area S (m ² / g) was used. , D (nm) = 2720 / S was used to calculate the average primary particle diameter.

<Viscosity of varnish>
It was measured using an E-type viscometer DV-II + Pro manufactured by Brookfield, in accordance with JIS K8803: 2011. The measurement temperature was 25 ° C.

<Film thickness>
Using ID-C112XBS manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation, the thickness of the film was measured at 10 points or more, and the average value thereof was calculated.

<Thickness of functional layer>
The thickness of the functional layer was measured using a F20 desktop film thickness system manufactured by Filmetrics.

<Total light transmittance of film, Haze>
The optical characteristic values were measured using a spectrocolorimeter CM-3700A manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd.

<Yellowness of film>
The yellow index (YI value) of the optical film was measured using a spectrocolorimeter CM-3700A manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd. Specifically, after performing the background measurement in the absence of the sample, the optical film is set in the sample holder, the transmittance for light of 300 to 800 nm is measured, and the tristimulus values (X, Y, Z) are measured. Was calculated and the YI value was calculated based on the following formula.
YI = 100 × (1.2769X-1.0592Z) / Y

  According to JIS K 5600-5-4: 1999, the pencil hardness of the functional layer surface of the optical laminate was measured. The load during measurement was 750 g, and the measurement speed was 4.5 mm / sec.

<Measurement of surface resistivity>
The surface resistivity (Ω / sq) of the optical laminate was measured according to JIS K 6911 using a resistivity meter (HIRESTA UP MCP-HT450 type manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Analytech Co., Ltd.). The sample was cut into a size of 50 mm × 50 mm, and the obtained sample was left at 23 ° C. and 50% RH for 24 hours. Then, the surface resistivity of the optical layered body on the functional layer side was measured. The upper limit of measurement of the device is 1.0E + 14 Ω / sq. When the device has a surface resistivity higher than that, it is described as OVER on the device.

<Method for evaluating optical homogeneity of optical film or optical laminate>
1. Shooting of projected image and background image As shown in FIG. 2, the light source 1, the measurement film 2, the projection surface 3 and the camera 6 were arranged in a dark room, and the projected image 4 was shot. The distance between the light source 1 and the measurement film 2 is 250 cm, the distance between the measurement film 2 and the projection surface 3 is 30 cm, the measurement film 2 and the projection surface 3 are arranged in parallel, and the camera 6 is a screen from the light source 1. It is installed just below the normal line to, the distance between the camera 6 and the projection surface 3 (screen) is 30 cm, and the camera angle is 7 (from the state where the camera is oriented perpendicular to the screen to the upper side). The angle) was 25 degrees. The background image was taken in the same manner as the projection image except that the measurement film 2 was removed in FIG. The details of the measurement conditions and the photographing conditions are shown below.
Light source: LED light source ("LA-HDF15T" manufactured by Hayashi Clock Industry Co., Ltd.)
Measurement film: The optical film or the optical laminate manufactured in the following Examples and Comparative Examples was cut into a size of 200 mm × 300 mm to obtain a measurement sample.
Projection surface: White commercial screen for watching movies (“BTP600FHD-SH1000” manufactured by Theater House Co., Ltd.)
Camera: "COOLPIX (registered trademark) P600" manufactured by Nikon Corporation
Advanced camera settings: Shooting mode Manual shooting
Image size 2M
Focus Manual focus (distance 0.3m)
Shutter speed 1/2 second
Aperture value (F value) 4.2
Flash off

図４に示される実施例１で得たラインプロファイル（データＹ）について、上記補正を行うことにより、図５に示されるようなラインプロファイルＡ（データＹ’）が得られる。
次に、１で得た背景画像についても同様の操作を行い、背景画像のラインプロファイルを得た。具体的には、図６に示されるようなラインプロファイルＢが得られた。
次いで、上記のプロファイルＡから、バックグラウンドのプロファイルＢをＥｘｃｅｌにより引いて、ブランク補正を行った。実施例１では、図５に示されるラインプロファイルＡのデータＹ’から、図６に示されるようなラインプロファイルＢのデータを引いて、図７に示されるようなブランク補正されたラインプロファイルＡ−Ｂを得た。
このようにして得たラインプロファイルをスムージングして、Ｙ”のプロファイルを得、これをラインプロファイルの最大強度（Ｙ_ｍｈ１及びＹ_ｍｖ１）の測定に使用した。グラフのスムージングは、次の式に従い、２１個のデータの平均値であるｙ_ｉを算出して行った。

2. Fourier Transform In this embodiment, since the camera is installed at the camera angle position, the projected image is tilted. Therefore, first, the tilt correction condition is determined in order to correct the tilt of the projected image. If there is no distortion of the projected image, no correction is necessary.
(Determination of tilt correction conditions)
A square of 10 cm × 10 cm was written on a transparent film, and a reference projection image was taken under the above condition 1. The obtained reference projection image is read by Photoshop (registered trademark) CS4 manufactured by Adobe Systems, and the distortion correction function of lens correction is used to correct it so that the camera and the screen correspond to 90 degrees, and the TIFF format is used. Saved in. The condition at this time was defined as a tilt correction condition. From the reference projection image after the tilt correction, the length per pixel in each of the vertical and horizontal directions was calculated (vertical: 816 pixel = 10 cm, horizontal: 906 pixel = 10 cm).
(Fourier transform)
The projection image obtained on the measurement film as described above was corrected under the tilt correction condition determined as described above, and the corrected image was stored in the TIFF format. The obtained projection image after the tilt correction was converted into a 8-bit gray scale by using image analysis software "Image-J, ver. 1.48" to be digitized. In addition, the length per pixel in each of the vertical and horizontal directions obtained from the reference projection image after the tilt correction was used as Set Scale. A rectangular range having a size of 10.2 cm × 11.2 cm (length × width) in the grayscale image is selected, and the image in the selected range is Fourier-transformed using the Image stirring e-J to obtain an inverse space image. Got Correct values (horizontal direction: ¹ pixel = 11.3 cm ⁻¹ , vertical direction: ¹ pixel = 12.55 cm ⁻¹ ) were input to Set Scale for the inverse space image after the Fourier transform.
3. Measurement of maximum intensity (Y _mh1 and Y _mv1 ) of the blank-corrected line profile In the reciprocal space image obtained as described above, the horizontal direction (h1 direction) and the vertical direction (v1 direction) passing through the center of the reciprocal space image are measured. A line profile was created for each direction. The line width was 10 pixels. The obtained line profile was saved in the text format. Next, the text format data is read by Microsoft Excel (ver. 14.0), the line profile is standardized as follows, and the horizontal direction (h1 direction) and the vertical direction (v1 direction) respectively. in the direction, with the line profile of Y ", a maximum intensity _{Y max} and _{Y mh1} and _{Y mv1} in each line profile, all frequencies in the blank-corrected line profile from the frequency showing the maximum intensity _{Y mh1} and _{Y mv1} X _max , which is a value obtained by subtracting the median value X _cen , is defined as X _mh1 and X _mv1 , respectively.The normalization method will be described using the horizontal (h1 direction) line profile obtained in Example 1 as an example.
(Standardization method)
The frequency at which the value of Y becomes maximum is the center of X (X _cen ), and the value of Y at that time is Y _cen . Next, an average value of Y is obtained for an area of 100 pixels in total of 50 pixels at both ends centering on X _cen , and the average value is set as a baseline (Y _base ). Then, the data Y is corrected according to the following equation so that Y _cen = 100 and Y _base = 0, and Y ′ is obtained.

By performing the above correction on the line profile (data Y) obtained in Example 1 shown in FIG. 4, a line profile A (data Y ′) as shown in FIG. 5 is obtained.
Next, the same operation was performed for the background image obtained in 1 to obtain the line profile of the background image. Specifically, the line profile B as shown in FIG. 6 was obtained.
Next, the background profile B was subtracted from the above profile A by Excel to perform blank correction. In Example 1, the data Y ′ of the line profile A shown in FIG. 5 is subtracted from the data of the line profile B shown in FIG. 6 to obtain the blank-corrected line profile A− shown in FIG. B was obtained.
The line profile thus obtained was smoothed to obtain a profile of Y ″, which was used to measure the maximum intensity of the line profile (Y _mh1 and Y _mv1 ). The smoothing of the graph was according to The calculation was performed by calculating y _i , which is the average value of 21 pieces of data.

(Sensory evaluation of visibility)
The produced film was visually inspected from an angle of elevation of 80 degrees in an indoor environment where the light was adjusted to 50 to 100 lux, and the visibility was evaluated from the distortion of the background reflected. The results are shown in Table 2. The evaluation criteria of visibility are as follows.
⊚: No distortion is observed in the background.
◯: Almost no distortion is confirmed in the background.
B: Very slight distortion is confirmed in the background, but there is no problem.
X: Clear distortion is confirmed in the background.

<Remaining solvent amount>
Using TG-DTA (EXSTAR6000 TG / DTA6300 manufactured by SII Co., Ltd.), the transparent resin films obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 2 were heated from 30 ° C. to 120 ° C., and 120 ° C. for 5 minutes. The temperature was maintained, and then the temperature was raised to 400 ° C. at a temperature rising rate of 5 ° C./min. The ratio of the mass reduction of the film from 120 ° C. to 250 ° C. with respect to the mass of the film at 120 ° C. was calculated as the solvent content (referred to as the residual solvent amount).

Abbreviations used in the following production examples and examples are as follows.
TFMB: 2,2'-bis (trifluoromethyl) -4,4'-diaminodiphenyl 6FDA: 4,4 '-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic acid dianhydride TPC: terephthaloyl chloride OBBC: 4,4 '-Oxybis (benzoyl chloride)
DMAc: N, N-dimethylacetamide GBL: γ-butyrolactone PET: polyethylene terephthalate

<Production example>
Production Example 1: Production of Polyamideimide Resin 1 Under a nitrogen gas atmosphere, a reaction container equipped with a stirring blade in a separable flask and an oil bath were prepared. 45 parts of TFMB and 768.55 parts of DMAc were put into a reaction container installed in an oil bath. TFMB was dissolved in DMAc while stirring the contents in the reaction vessel at room temperature. Next, 19.01 parts of 6FDA was further charged into the reaction container, and the content in the reaction container was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. Then, 4.21 parts of OBBC and then 17.30 parts of TPC were charged into the reaction vessel, and the content in the reaction vessel was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Then, 4.63 parts of 4-methylpyridine and 13.04 parts of acetic anhydride were further charged into the reaction container, and the content in the reaction container was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. After stirring, the temperature inside the container was raised to 70 ° C. using an oil bath, the temperature was maintained at 70 ° C., and stirring was continued for 3 hours to obtain a reaction liquid.
The obtained reaction liquid was cooled to room temperature, and put into a large amount of methanol in a filament form to deposit a precipitate. The deposited precipitate was taken out, immersed in methanol for 6 hours, and then washed with methanol. Next, the precipitate was dried under reduced pressure at 100 ° C. to obtain polyamideimide resin 1. The polyamide-imide resin 1 thus obtained had a weight average molecular weight of 400,000 and an imidization ratio of 99.0%.

Production Example 2: Production of Polyimide Resin 1 A separable flask was equipped with a silica gel tube, a stirrer and a thermometer, and an oil bath. Into this flask, 75.52 parts of 6FDA and 54.44 parts of TFMB were charged. While stirring this at 400 rpm, 519.84 parts of DMAc was added, and the stirring was continued until the content in the flask became a uniform solution. Then, stirring was continued for another 20 hours while adjusting the temperature inside the container to a range of 20 to 30 ° C. using an oil bath to cause a reaction to generate a polyamic acid. After 30 minutes, the stirring speed was changed to 100 rpm. After stirring for 20 hours, the reaction system temperature was returned to room temperature, and DMAc (649.8 parts) was added to adjust the polymer concentration to 10% by mass. Further, 32.27 parts of pyridine and 41.65 parts of acetic anhydride were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 hours for imidization. The polyimide varnish was taken out of the reaction container. The obtained polyimide varnish was dropped into methanol for reprecipitation, the obtained powder was dried by heating to remove the solvent, and polyimide resin 1 was obtained as a solid content. When the GPC measurement was performed on the obtained polyimide resin 1, the weight average molecular weight was 320,000. The imidation ratio of polyimide was 98.6%.

Production Example 3: Preparation of silica sol 1 An amorphous silica sol having an average primary particle diameter of 12 nm (average primary particle diameter measured by BET method) produced by a sol-gel method was used as a raw material, and a GBL-substituted silica sol was prepared by solvent substitution. . The obtained sol was filtered with a membrane filter having an opening of 10 μm to obtain GBL-substituted silica sol 1. The content of silica particles in the obtained GBL-substituted silica sol 1 was 30 to 32% by mass.

Production Example 4: Preparation of varnish (1) Polyamideimide resin 1 obtained in Production Example 1 and silica sol 1 obtained in Production Example 3 were mixed in a GBL solvent at a composition ratio of polyamideimide resin: silica particles of 70: Mix to 30. The obtained mixed liquid contains a UV-A ultraviolet absorber “Sumisorb (registered trademark) 250” (molecular weight 389, manufactured by Sumika Chemtex Co., Ltd.) of 2.0 phr with respect to the total mass of the polyamideimide resin and the silica particles. 35 ppm of a bluing agent “Sumiplast (registered trademark) Violet B” (manufactured by Sumika Chemtex Co., Ltd.) was added to the total mass of the polyamide-imide resin and the silica particles, and the mixture was stirred until it became uniform, and the varnish (1) was added. Got Varnish (1) had a solid content of 9.7% and a viscosity at 25 ° C. of 39,600 cps.

Production Example 5: Preparation of varnish (2) Polyimide resin 1 obtained in Production Example 2 and an ultraviolet absorber "Sumisorb 250" (molecular weight 389, manufactured by Sumika Chemtex Co., Ltd.) of 2.0 phr with respect to the polyimide resin. Was dissolved in a mixed solvent of GBL: DMAc = 1: 9 at a concentration of 16.5 mass% to obtain a varnish (2). Varnish (2) had a solid content of 16.5% and a viscosity at 25 ° C. of 36,800 cps.

Production Example 6: Photocurable resin composition 1
Trimethylolpropane triacrylate (Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., A-TMPT) 28.4 parts by mass, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., A-TMMT) 28.4 parts by mass, initiation of photopolymerization As an agent, 1.8 parts by mass of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (manufactured by BASF Ltd., Irgacure (registered trademark) 184), lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., LiFSI) 2.4 By mass mixing, 0.1 part by mass of a leveling agent (manufactured by BYK Japan KK, BYK (registered trademark) -307) and 39 parts by mass of propylene glycol 1-monomethyl ether (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). Then, a photocurable resin composition 1 was obtained.

Production Example 7: Photocurable resin composition 2
A photocurable resin composition 2 was obtained by stirring and mixing the same compounds as in Production Example 6 except that lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide was not mixed.

Example 1
Varnish (1) was applied onto a PET film (Toyobo Co., Ltd. “Cosmoshine (registered trademark) A4100”, thickness 188 μm, thickness distribution ± 2 μm), and was drowned to form a varnish coating film. At this time, the linear velocity was 0.8 m / min. The coating film of the varnish is dried at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes, then at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes, then at 90 ° C. for 10 minutes, and finally at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes. A film was formed. After that, the coating film was peeled off from the PET film to obtain a raw material film 1 in the form of a film roll having a thickness of 58 μm, a width of 700 mm and a length of 500 m. The amount of residual solvent in the raw material film 1 was 9.7 mass%. Then, the raw material film 1 was heated at 200 ° C. for 25 minutes in a transverse film stretching device (tenter) under conditions of a draw ratio of 0.98 times to obtain a polyamideimide film 1 having a thickness of 50 μm. The amount of residual solvent in the polyamide-imide film 1 was 0.7% by mass.
On one surface of the obtained polyamide-imide film 1, the photocurable resin composition 1 was applied by a roll coater with a bar coater so that the thickness after drying was 10 μm. Then, it was dried in an oven at 80 ° C. for 3 minutes, and was irradiated with ultraviolet rays at an energy of a high pressure mercury lamp of 500 mJ / cm ² to be cured to obtain an optical layered body 1 in the form of a film roll having a length of 400 m. The thickness of the functional layer in the optical layered body 1 was 10 μm.

Example 2
An optical layered body 2 in the form of a film roll having a length of 400 m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the photocurable resin composition 2 was used instead of the photocurable resin composition 1. The thickness of the functional layer in the optical layered body 2 was 11 μm.

Example 3
The varnish (2) was used instead of the varnish (1), and the drying conditions were heated at 75 ° C. for 7.5 minutes, then at 120 ° C. for 7.5 minutes, then at 70 ° C. for 7.5 minutes, and finally A raw material film 2 in the form of a film roll having a thickness of 89 μm, a width of 700 mm and a length of 600 m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conditions of heating at 80 ° C. for 7.5 minutes were changed. The amount of residual solvent in the raw material film 2 was 9.6 mass%. Then, a polyimide film 1 having a thickness of 77 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the raw material film 2 was used instead of the raw material film 1. The residual solvent amount in the polyimide film 1 was 1.1 mass%.
An optical layered body 3 in the form of a film roll having a length of 500 m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the polyimide film 1 was used instead of the polyamide-imide film 1. The thickness of the functional layer in the optical layered body 3 was 9 μm.

Comparative example 2
Using the varnish (2), the drying conditions were heated at 100 ° C. for 7.5 minutes, then at 120 ° C. for 7.5 minutes, then at 60 ° C. for 7.5 minutes, and finally at 60 ° C. for 7. A raw material film 4 in the form of a film roll having a thickness of 89 μm, a width of 700 mm and a length of 300 m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heating condition was changed to 5 minutes. The amount of residual solvent in the raw material film 4 was 9.9 mass%. Then, a polyimide film 2 having a thickness of 77 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the raw material film 4 was used instead of the raw material film 1. The residual solvent amount in the polyimide film 2 was 1.0% by mass.
An optical laminate 5 in the form of a film roll having a length of 190 m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the polyimide film 2 was used instead of the polyamide-imide film 1. The thickness of the functional layer in the optical layered body 5 was 11 μm.

Tables 1 and 2 show the results of measuring various physical properties of the optical laminates obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples according to the above-described measuring methods. The Haze of the films of Examples and Comparative Examples was 0.2. Moreover, regarding each value for evaluating optical homogeneity in Table 2, the value in which the measurement sample is described as a film is a value measured for the polyamide-imide film or the polyimide film before laminating the functional layer. The value in which the measurement sample is described as a laminated body is a value measured for the optical laminated body after laminating the functional layer. The evaluation of visibility is the result of evaluation of the optical laminate.

The optical laminates of Examples 1 to 3 or the optical films contained in the optical laminates have Y _mh and Y _mv of 40 or less, A / B of less than 30, and the visibility evaluations are all ◎. Or ◯ was good. On the other hand, in the optical film included in the optical layered body of Comparative Example 2, Y _mh exceeded 40, A / B was 30 or more, and the evaluation result of visibility was x. Regarding the optical layered body of Comparative Example 2, the results such as Y _mh when the optical layered body is used as a measurement film are not described, but Y _mh is similar to the result obtained when the optical film is used as a measurement film. Etc. and A / B are not considered to be within the range specified for the optical layered body of the present invention. In addition to the hard coat function, the functional layer of the optical layered body of Example 1 could be provided with an antistatic function. Similarly, the functional layers of Examples 1 to 3 may have additional functions such as an antistatic function, an antiglare function, a low reflection function, an antireflection function and an antifouling function, in addition to the hard coat function. It was a layer.

1 Light source 2 Measuring film 3 Projection surface 4 Projection image 5 Light 6 Camera 7 Camera angle

Claims (8)

An optical laminate having an optical film containing a polyimide resin containing a fluorine atom and / or a polyamide-imide resin containing a fluorine atom, and a functional layer having a hard coat function, which is laminated on at least one surface of the optical film. hand,
In the film reciprocal space image obtained by Fourier transforming a projection image obtained by a projection method using the optical film, line profiles in directions h and v orthogonal to each other are set as a line profile h and a line profile v, respectively. In the background reciprocal space image obtained by Fourier transforming the background image obtained without using the optical layered body, line profiles in directions h ′ and v ′ orthogonal to each other are defined as line profile h ′ and line profile v ′, respectively. , The maximum intensity of the line profile (h−h ′) obtained by subtracting the line profile h ′ from the line profile h is Y _mh , the frequency indicating the maximum intensity Y _mh is X _mh , and the line profile v to the line profile v ′. Of the line profile (vv ') obtained by subtracting The strength and _{Y mv,} and the frequency showing the maximum intensity _{Y mv} and _{X mv, Y mh} and _{Y mv} is any even 40 or _{less, Y mh, Y mv, X} mh and _{X mv} is the following relationship:

The filling,
The functional layer has a thickness of 20 μm or less, and the functional layer is an acrylic or urethane-based layer,
An optical layered body in which the pencil hardness of the surface having the functional layer of the optical layered body is 2H or more. The optical laminate according to claim 1, wherein the yellowness of the optical laminate is 3.0 or less. The optical layered body according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the length in the width direction is 20 cm or more and the length in the length direction is 1 m or more. A film for the front plate of the flexible display device, the optical laminate according to any one of claims 1-3. The flexible display device comprising an optical laminate according to any one of claims 1-4. The flexible display device according to claim 5 , further comprising a touch sensor. Further comprising a polarizing plate, a flexible display device according to claim 5 or 6. The method for producing an optical laminate according to any one of claims 1-4,
(A) a step of applying a fluorine-containing polyimide resin and / or a fluorine-containing polyamideimide resin, and a varnish containing at least a solvent onto a support, and drying to form a coating film,
(B) a step of peeling the coating film from the support,
(C) heating the peeled coating film to obtain a film, and
(D) A manufacturing method including at least a step of laminating a functional layer on at least one surface of a film to obtain an optical laminate.

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