JP6681169B2 - Solar cell module for windows and window - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar cell module for windows used as a part of windows. The present invention also relates to a window using the solar cell module for windows.

Conventionally, a solar cell module that transmits light may be used as a window of a structure (for example, Patent Document 1).
In the solar cell module described in Patent Document 1, a photoelectric conversion element is laminated on a glass substrate and sealed with a glass plate. By forming a plurality of grooves in the photoelectric conversion element, this solar cell module allows light to pass through in the thickness direction, and enables sufficient lighting even when used as a window.

JP, 2014-120733, A

  By the way, in a cold region, there is a large temperature difference between the inside and outside of a building, and the outside air becomes extremely cold. Therefore, in such a cold region, a heat insulating window having a heat insulating function is required to maintain the temperature inside the room.

  However, when the solar cell module of Patent Document 1 is used as a window, the portion where the groove is formed has a structure in which two glass plates are simply overlapped with each other, so that the heat insulation effect is substantially different from that of a normal glass window. Absent. Therefore, the solar cell module of Patent Document 1 is not suitable in cold regions, and there is room for further improvement from the viewpoint of heat insulation.

  Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a solar cell module for windows having a higher heat insulating effect than conventional ones and a window using the solar cell module for windows.

The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problems is a solar cell module for windows that constitutes a part of a window that divides the inside and the outside of a structure, the solar cell panel being capable of transmitting light, Having a light-transmissive plate material, the solar cell panel is independent of the light-transmissive plate material and faces the light-transmissive plate material at a predetermined interval, and the following (1) or The condition of (2) is satisfied, the translucent plate member is located inside the structure with respect to the solar cell panel, and the solar cell panel converts light energy into electric energy. Having a photoelectric conversion unit, the solar cell panel is a see-through solar cell in which the region where the photoelectric conversion unit is present and the region where the photoelectric conversion unit is not present are mixed, and the region where the photoelectric conversion unit is present is , 40% to 80% of the total area In the region where the photoelectric conversion unit does not exist, a part of sunlight can pass therethrough, and the solar cell panel has the first electrode layer on the first transparent substrate in the region where the photoelectric conversion unit exists. And a plurality of solar cells in which the photoelectric conversion unit and the second electrode layer are laminated in this order, the solar cell panel has a sealant for sealing the solar cells, the first transparent substrate is A supporting substrate supporting the plurality of solar cells, wherein the first electrode layer is directly laminated without interposing the encapsulant, and the first electrode layer has translucency and conductivity. A transparent conductive layer, the second electrode layer includes a metal layer and is provided closer to the transparent plate material side than the photoelectric conversion section, and the first electrode is provided in a region where the photoelectric conversion section does not exist. The first electrode layer in the region where the layer is present and the photoelectric conversion unit is not present. A solar cell module window, wherein the first electrode layer of adjacent solar cells are connected electrically connected directly.
(1) Most of the space between the solar cell panel and the translucent plate is filled with gas.
(2) The space between the solar cell panel and the translucent plate material is a substantially vacuum space.
The present invention is a solar cell module for windows, which constitutes a part of a window, comprising a solar cell panel capable of transmitting light, and a translucent plate member, wherein the solar cell panel is the translucent plate member. The solar cell module is independent of each other, faces the translucent plate member with a predetermined space, and is related to the window solar cell module satisfying the following condition (1) or (2).
(1) Most of the space between the solar cell panel and the translucent plate is filled with gas.
(2) The space between the solar cell panel and the translucent plate material is a substantially vacuum space.

The term "translucency" as used herein means a function of transmitting at least a part of light, and specifically, a light transmittance of 30% or more and 100% or less. That is, even a substrate that has been subjected to an antiglare treatment is equivalent to the light-transmitting property in this specification if it transmits 30% or more of light.
The “most part” here means a part of 80% or more of the whole.
The "substantial vacuum space" here is a space that can be approximated to a vacuum, and specifically, a space having a degree of vacuum of 100 Pa or less.

According to the configuration of the present invention, there is a space between the solar cell panel and the translucent plate material, and heat is transferred from the solar cell panel to the translucent plate material or from the translucent plate material to the solar cell panel. In this case, it always passes through the space between the solar cell panel and the translucent plate material.
Then, according to the configuration of the present invention, the space between the solar cell panel and the light-transmissive plate member is mostly filled with gas or is a vacuum space. It is difficult for heat to transfer in the thickness direction, and the heat insulation effect is higher than in the past. Therefore, when it is used as a window, dew condensation hardly occurs due to the temperature difference between the outside air and the inside air, and the heat retaining effect is high.
Further, according to the configuration of the present invention, since the translucent plate material that is independent of the solar cell panel is provided, the transmissive plate material can suppress the transmittance of sunlight to such an extent that it can collect light. Therefore, in summer or the like, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise in the room due to sunlight.
The invention according to claim 1 has a first electrode layer in a region where the photoelectric conversion unit does not exist, and a first electrode layer in a region where the photoelectric conversion unit does not exist, the first electrode layer of an adjacent solar cell each other that have been electrically connected.

The invention according to claim 2 is the solar cell module for a window according to claim 1, wherein the interval between the solar cell panel and the light-transmissive plate material is 1 mm or more and 12 mm or less.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, convective heat transfer can be suppressed while suppressing radiant heat transfer.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the space between the solar panel and the light-transparent plate is in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that gas which is substantially free of water vapor is filled It is the solar cell module for windows described.

  The "gas that does not substantially contain water vapor" here means that when heat transfer occurs between the solar cell panel and the translucent plate material, the water vapor is removed to the extent that the effect of water vapor on heat transfer can be ignored. Refers to the generated gas.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, the space between the solar cell panel and the translucent plate is filled with a gas that does not substantially contain water vapor, so that radiative heat transfer is unlikely to occur and the heat insulating effect is high. Further, according to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to prevent dew condensation in the space.

  In the above-mentioned invention, the gas preferably contains at least one selected from dry air, nitrogen, argon, and krypton.

The term "dry air" as used herein refers to air obtained by removing water vapor from a desiccant or the like, and has a dew point of -35 ° C or lower.
The "dew point" here means the dew point obtained by the dew point test according to JIS R3209.

In the invention according to claim 4 , the translucent plate material is one in which a thin film layer is laminated on a glass plate, and the thin film layer has an emissivity of 0.4 or less at a wavelength of 0.65 μm. It is the solar cell module for windows according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .

  According to the configuration of the present invention, the translucent plate material is a glass plate on which a thin film layer having an emissivity of 0.4 or less when the wavelength is 0.65 μm is laminated. Heat is easily reflected and radiative heat transfer is less likely to occur.

  In the above-mentioned invention, it is preferable that the translucent plate material is a glass plate on which a thin film is laminated, and the thin film layer is a metal film or a metal oxide film.

  According to this configuration, the heat ray (infrared light) is easily reflected by the metal film or the metal oxide film, and the heat ray passing in the thickness direction of the window solar cell module is less likely to pass through. Therefore, even when the temperature inside the room is higher than the temperature outside the room, the heat ray does not easily escape from the room to the outside, and the heat retaining effect is high.

The invention according to claim 5, the surface of the translucent plate side of the solar cell panel, according to claim 1-4, characterized in that it is formed by a sealing plate for sealing the photoelectric conversion portion It is the solar cell module for windows according to any one of claims.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, since the space is formed between the sealing plate and the translucent plate material, the gas or atmospheric pressure in the space does not affect the photoelectric conversion unit in the solar cell panel.

  In the invention according to claim 1, the solar cell panel includes a photoelectric conversion unit that converts light energy into electric energy, and the solar cell panel includes a region in which the photoelectric conversion unit is present and the photoelectric conversion unit. The region where the photoelectric conversion portion exists is 40% or more and 80% or less of the entire region.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to secure a sufficient power generation area and a lighting area.

The invention according to claim 6 has a second translucent plate member, wherein the translucent plate member is located between the solar cell panel and the second translucent plate member, and the second translucent plate member is provided. gender plate, it said are facing at a translucent plate and the predetermined distance, the following (3) or according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the condition is satisfied (4) It is a solar cell module for windows.
(3) Most of the space between the transparent plate member and the second transparent plate member is filled with gas.
(4) The space between the translucent plate material and the second translucent plate material is a substantially vacuum space.

According to the configuration of the present invention, there is a space between the translucent plate member and the second translucent plate member, and when heat is transferred from the translucent plate member to the second translucent plate member or the second translucent plate member. When the heat is transferred from the transparent plate material to the transparent plate material, the heat always passes through the space between the transparent plate material and the second transparent plate material.
Further, according to the configuration of the present invention, the space between the light-transmissive plate member and the second light-transmissive plate member is mostly filled with gas or is a vacuum space. Heat does not easily transfer in the thickness direction of the battery module, and the heat insulation effect is high. Therefore, when it is used as a window, dew condensation hardly occurs due to the temperature difference between the outside air and the inside air, and the heat retaining effect is high.
From another point of view, according to the configuration of the present invention, the first translucent plate member is interposed in the space between the solar cell panel and the second translucent plate member, and the solar cell panel and the second translucent plate member are interposed. The space between the plate members is divided into a space between the solar cell panel and the first translucent plate member and a space between the first translucent plate member and the second translucent plate member. Therefore, the thickness of each space can be reduced, and gas convection can be less likely to occur in each space. Therefore, convective heat transfer can be suppressed as compared with the case where the first translucent plate member is not provided.

In the invention according to claim 7 , the second light-transmissive plate material is one in which a thin film layer is laminated on a glass plate, and the thin film layer has an emissivity of 0.4 at a wavelength of 0.65 μm. It is the following, It is a solar cell module for windows of Claim 6 characterized by the following.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, since the second light-transmissive plate member is a glass plate on which a thin film layer having an emissivity of 0.4 or less when the wavelength is 0.65 μm is laminated, the presence of the thin film layer The radiant heat is easily reflected by and the radiant heat does not easily occur. Therefore, the heat insulating effect is higher.

  In the above-mentioned invention, it is preferable that the second light-transmissive plate material is a glass plate on which a thin film layer is laminated, and the thin film layer is a metal film or a metal oxide film.

  According to this configuration, the heat retaining effect is further enhanced.

The invention according to claim 8 has the window solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and a frame member, wherein the frame member is a solar cell fixing portion for fixing the solar cell panel. a first plate member fixing portion for fixing the front KiToru light-transparent plate, a window, characterized in that it comprises a gap maintaining unit for maintaining a gap between the solar battery fixing unit the first plate fixing unit.
That is, the present invention is a window for partitioning the inside and outside of a structure, having the above-mentioned solar cell module for windows, wherein the translucent plate material is located on the inner side of the structure with respect to the solar cell panel ing.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, the solar cell panel is located on the outer side of the structure, and the translucent plate material is located on the inner side of the structure. Therefore, power generation inside the structure while maintaining high power generation efficiency is achieved. It is possible to suppress the influence of heat generation due to. Therefore, it is easy to adjust the temperature inside the structure to an arbitrary temperature.

  According to the solar cell module for windows and the window of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a higher heat insulation effect than in the past.

It is a perspective view which represented typically the installation condition of the window of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional perspective view of the window of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the solar cell module for windows of FIG. It is a cross-sectional perspective view of the solar cell panel of FIG. It is sectional drawing which represents the laminated structure of the solar cell of FIG. 3 typically. It is a cross-sectional perspective view of the principal part of the solar cell module for windows of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional perspective view of the principal part of the solar cell module for windows of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the principal part of the solar cell module for windows of other embodiment. It is a cross-sectional perspective view of the principal part of the solar cell module for windows of other embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, in the following description, unless otherwise specified, the positional relationship between the top, bottom, left, and right will be described with reference to a normal installation position.

As shown in FIG. 1, the window 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention has a window solar cell module 3 installed in an opening 101 formed in a wall surface of a structure 100 such as an apartment.
As shown in FIG. 2, the window 1 is attached to the structure 100 such that the window solar cell module 3 is in a vertical posture, and a part of the wall surface is divided by the window solar cell module 3 to separate the inside and outside of the structure 100. Is formed. That is, the window solar cell module 3 is fixed to the opening 101 in an upright posture with respect to a horizontal plane, and is partitioned into an indoor space 102 that is an internal space of the structure 100 and an outdoor space 103 that is an external space.

  The window solar cell module 3 of the present embodiment has a daylighting function and a heat insulating function, and includes a solar cell panel 10, a first translucent plate material 11, and a frame member 12 as shown in FIG. There is.

The solar cell panel 10 is a see-through solar cell panel having a light-transmitting property, and is a plate-shaped panel having a planar spread.
The solar cell panel 10 can transmit light in a direction (thickness direction) orthogonal to the spreading direction of the surface. The solar cell panel 10 preferably has a total light transmittance of 20% or more and 60% or less at a wavelength of 550 nm, and more preferably 30% or more and 50% or less.

As can be read from FIGS. 3 and 4, the solar cell panel 10 is one in which two transparent substrates 15 and 16 face each other and a solar cell 17 is sandwiched therebetween, and the transparent substrates 15 and 16 are sealants. The solar cell 17 is sealed by being adhered by 18.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the solar cell panel 10 is a solar cell in which a first electrode layer 20, a photoelectric conversion layer 21 (photoelectric conversion part), and a second electrode layer 22 are laminated on a first transparent substrate 15. The battery 17 is laminated, and the solar cell 17 is sealed with the sealant 18 and the second transparent substrate 16 (sealing plate).

The first transparent substrate 15 is a transparent insulating substrate having a light-transmitting property and an insulating property, and is a supporting substrate that supports the solar cell 17.
The first transparent substrate 15 is not particularly limited as long as it has transparency and insulating properties, and for example, a glass substrate or a transparent resin substrate can be used.
In this embodiment, a glass substrate is used as the first transparent substrate 15.

The thickness of the first transparent substrate 15 (thickness in the stacking direction) is appropriately designed depending on the total thickness of the solar cell panel 10, but is preferably 2 mm or more. Within this range, the function as a supporting substrate can be ensured.
The thickness of the first transparent substrate 15 (thickness in the stacking direction) is preferably 10 mm or less. Within this range, the solar cell panel 10 does not become too heavy and the window 1 can be easily installed on the structure 100.

The first electrode layer 20 is a transparent conductive layer having translucency and conductivity, and is a transparent electrode layer forming one pole of the solar cell 17.
The first electrode layer 20 is not particularly limited as long as it has translucency and conductivity, and for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO), etc. The transparent conductive oxide can be used.
The first electrode layer 20 may have a multi-layer structure. The first electrode layer 20 may have, for example, a multilayer structure including the above-mentioned transparent conductive oxide layer and a metal layer.

The photoelectric conversion layer 21 is a layer that converts light energy into electric energy, and has a pn junction or a pin junction.
The photoelectric conversion layer 21 of this embodiment includes one or a plurality of photoelectric conversion units each including a p-type semiconductor layer, an i-type semiconductor layer, and an n-type semiconductor layer.

The second electrode layer 22 is a conductive layer having conductivity, and is an electrode layer that forms a counter electrode with the first electrode layer 20 in the solar cell 17.
The second electrode layer 22 is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity, and for example, a metal such as aluminum, silver, gold, copper, platinum, or chromium, a metal alloy, a metal composite, or the like can be used. .
The second electrode layer 22 may have a multi-layer structure. The second electrode layer 22 may have a multi-layer structure including a layer of a transparent conductive oxide and a layer of the above metal.
The second electrode layer 22 of the present embodiment is formed by stacking a transparent conductive oxide layer and a silver layer on the photoelectric conversion layer 21 in this order. That is, the outermost surface of the second electrode layer 22 is a metal layer.

  The encapsulant 18 is a translucent and insulating encapsulant, and is a filler that fills the gap between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate.

The second transparent substrate 16 is a transparent sealing substrate that has a light-transmitting property and seals the solar cell 17.
The second transparent substrate 16 is not particularly limited as long as it has transparency and insulating properties, and for example, a glass substrate or a transparent resin substrate can be used.
In this embodiment, a glass substrate is used as the second transparent substrate 16.

  The thickness (thickness in the stacking direction) of the second transparent substrate 16 is appropriately designed according to the total thickness of the solar cell panel 10, but is preferably 50% or more and 150% or less of the thickness of the first transparent substrate 15.

As can be read from FIGS. 4 and 5, in the solar cell panel 10, when the first transparent substrate 15 is viewed from the front, the photoelectric conversion layer 21 and the second electrode layer 22 are partially removed, and the photoelectric conversion layer is removed. A power generation region 25 in which 21 exists and a non-power generation region 26 in which the photoelectric conversion layer 21 does not exist are mixed.
The non-power generation region 26 is preferably 40% or more and 80% or less of the entire region. Within this range, the daylighting function of the window 1 can be maintained while securing a sufficient power generation area.

  The thickness of the solar cell panel 10 is appropriately selected depending on the installation environment of the window 1 in the structure 100, but is preferably 5 mm or more and 15 mm or less.

The 1st translucent board material 11 is a member which forms the principal surface of one side of the solar cell module 3 for windows, and is a plate-shaped member provided with translucency.
The first translucent plate member 11 has an area approximately the same as that of the solar cell panel 10, and has a size that covers all the power generation regions 25 of the solar cell panel 10 when the first transparent substrate 15 is viewed from the back. .

The first translucent plate member 11 is not particularly limited as long as it has translucency, and a glass plate, a transparent resin plate, or the like can be used.
In this embodiment, a glass plate is used as the first translucent plate member 11.

  The thickness of the first translucent plate material 11 is appropriately selected depending on the installation environment of the window 1 in the structure 100, but is preferably 80% or more and 120% or less of the thickness of the solar cell panel 10.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the frame member 12 is attached to the outer circumferences of the solar cell panel 10 and the first translucent plate member 11, and the positional relationship of the first translucent plate member 11 with respect to the solar cell panel 10. It is a member to be fixed.
The frame member 12 includes a solar cell fixing portion 35 for fixing the solar cell panel 10, a first plate material fixing portion 36 for fixing the first translucent plate material 11, a solar cell fixing portion 35, and a first plate material fixing portion 36. An interval maintaining unit 37 for maintaining a predetermined interval is provided.

  Next, the positional relationship of each part of the window solar cell module 3 of the present embodiment will be described.

The window solar cell module 3 is attached so as to close the opening 101 of the structure 100. Specifically, the frame member 12 of the window solar cell module 3 is attached to the inner wall of the opening 101.
As shown in FIG. 2, the solar cell panel 10 has its outer periphery attached to the solar cell fixing portion 35 of the frame member 12, and the first translucent plate member 11 has its outer periphery fixed to the first plate member of the frame member 12. It is attached to the portion 36.
The first light-transmissive plate member 11 faces the solar cell panel 10 with a predetermined space by the space maintaining portion 37 of the frame member 12.
In the solar cell module 3 for windows, the solar cell panel 10 and the first translucent plate member 11 are arranged in this order from the outdoor space 103 side toward the indoor space 102 side in such a manner as to be spaced apart from each other in this order. A space 30 is formed between the light board members 11.

Most of the space 30 between the solar cell panel 10 and the first translucent plate member 11 is filled with gas.
The gas to be filled is preferably a gas containing substantially no water vapor, and more preferably at least one selected from dry air, nitrogen, argon, and krypton. From the viewpoint of not containing carbon dioxide, the gas to be filled is more preferably an inert gas such as nitrogen, argon or krypton.
Air and a desiccant (not shown) are arranged inside the space 30 of the present embodiment, and the desiccant fills dry air from which water has been removed.
The desiccant is not particularly limited as long as it has a moisture absorption function, and for example, silica gel, quick lime or the like can be adopted.

The distance D1 (width of the space 30) between the solar cell panel 10 and the first translucent plate material 11 shown in FIG. 5 is preferably 1 mm or more from the viewpoint of suppressing radiative heat transfer by gas, and is 3 mm or more. More preferably.
The distance D1 is preferably 12 mm or less, and more preferably 7 mm or less from the viewpoint of suppressing convective heat transfer by gas.

  According to the window 1 of the present embodiment, the space 30 filled with the gas is formed between the solar cell panel 10 and the first translucent plate member 11, and the solar cell panel 10 and the first translucent panel 11 are formed. Heat transfer such as radiative heat transfer between the plate members 11 is hindered by the gas. Therefore, the heat insulating effect and the heat retaining effect are higher than in the case where the window is configured by one solar cell panel 10.

According to the window solar cell module 3 of the present embodiment, there is the space 30 between the solar cell panel 10 and the light-transmissive plate material 11, and the gas that substantially does not contain water vapor is filled. Heat exchange between 103 and the indoor space 102 is less likely to occur, and the heat insulating effect is high. Therefore, the influence of the outside temperature on the indoor space 102 can be suppressed, and even in a cold region, the heat of the indoor space 102 is hard to be taken to the outside air, and the indoor space 102 can be adjusted to a desired temperature.
Even when the temperature of the indoor space 102 (inside air temperature) is higher than the temperature of the outdoor space 103 (outside air temperature), the space 30 is filled with a gas that does not substantially contain water vapor. The heat rays escaping from 102 can be prevented, and the effect of keeping the indoor space 102 warm is high.
Further, according to the window solar cell module 3 of the present embodiment, since the heat insulating effect is high, it is possible to prevent the air in the indoor space 102 from being exposed to low temperature outside air, and to prevent the dew condensation on the surface of the translucent plate material 11. Occurrence can be prevented.

  According to the solar cell module 3 for a window of this embodiment, a part of sunlight passes through the non-power generation region 26 of the solar cell panel 10, passes through the space 30 and the translucent plate material 11, and enters the indoor space 102. . That is, since the sunlight is partially reflected by the interface between the solar cell panel 10 and the space 30 and the interface between the space 30 and the translucent plate material 11 and attenuates and enters the indoor space 102, an appropriate light shielding effect is obtained. Can be demonstrated.

  According to the solar cell module 3 for a window of the present embodiment, a part of the second electrode layer 22 on the space 30 side of the solar cell panel 10 is formed of a metal, so that part of the heat ray from the indoor space 102 side. Can be reflected and has a high heat retention effect.

  Then, the window solar cell module 50 of 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated. The same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

The window solar cell module 50 of the second embodiment further includes a translucent plate member 51 on the indoor space 102 side as compared with the window solar cell module 3 of the first embodiment.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the window solar cell module 50 includes a solar cell panel 10, a first translucent plate member 11, and a second translucent plate member 51.

The 2nd translucent board material 51 is a member which forms the one side main surface of the solar cell module 50 for windows, and is a plate-shaped member provided with translucency.
The second translucent plate member 51 has an area approximately the same as that of the first translucent plate member 11, and has a size that covers all the power generation regions 25 of the solar cell panel 10 when the first transparent substrate 15 is viewed from the back. Has become.
The second translucent plate member 51 is not particularly limited as long as it has translucency, and a glass plate, a transparent resin plate, or the like can be used.
In this embodiment, a glass plate is used as the second translucent plate member 51.

  The thickness of the second light-transmissive plate member 51 is appropriately selected depending on the installation environment of the window 1 in the structure 100, but is preferably 80% or more and 120% or less of the thickness of the solar cell panel 10.

  Next, the positional relationship of each part of the window solar cell module 50 of the second embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the second translucent plate member 51 faces the first translucent plate member 11 with a predetermined gap. That is, the window solar cell module 50 is separated from the outdoor space 103 side toward the indoor space 102 side in the order of the solar cell panel 10, the first translucent plate member 11, and the second translucent plate member 51. They are arranged side by side, and a space 52 is formed between the first translucent plate member 11 and the second translucent plate member 51.

Most of the space 52 between the first translucent plate member 11 and the second translucent plate member 51 is filled with gas.
This gas is preferably a gas substantially free of water vapor, and more preferably at least one selected from dry air, nitrogen, argon, and krypton. From the viewpoint of not containing carbon dioxide, this gas is more preferably an inert gas such as nitrogen, argon or krypton.
The space 52 of the present embodiment has air and a desiccant (not shown) arranged therein, and is filled with dry air in which moisture is removed from the air.
The desiccant is not particularly limited as long as it has a moisture absorption function, and for example, silica gel, quick lime or the like can be adopted.

The distance D2 (width of the space 52) between the first light-transmissive plate member 11 and the second light-transmissive plate member 51 is preferably 1 mm or more, and preferably 3 mm or more, from the viewpoint of suppressing radiative heat transfer by gas. Is more preferable.
The distance D2 is preferably 12 mm or less, and more preferably 7 mm or less from the viewpoint of suppressing convective heat transfer by gas.

According to the window solar cell module 50 of the present embodiment, the heat transfer from the outdoor space 103 to the indoor space 102 is hindered by the plurality of spaces 30, 52, so that the heat insulating effect is further enhanced.
Further, according to the solar cell module for a window 50 of the present embodiment, the space between the solar cell panel 10 and the second translucent plate member 51 is divided by the first translucent plate member 11, so that the solar cell Convective heat transfer between the panel 10 and the second translucent plate member 51 can be suppressed.

In the above-described first and second embodiments, the first translucent plate member 11 has a single-layer structure, but the present invention is not limited to this and may have a multi-layer structure.
In addition, in the above-described second embodiment, the second translucent plate member 51 has a single-layer structure, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may have a multi-layer structure.

  An example of this case will be described as a third embodiment.

The 1st translucent board material 71 and the 2nd translucent board material 72 of the solar cell module 70 for windows of 3rd Embodiment are the 1st translucent board material 11 and 1st of the solar cell module 50 for windows of 2nd Embodiment. 2 Different from the translucent plate material 51.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the first translucent plate member 71 is formed by laminating a first thin film layer 76 formed of a metal or a metal oxide on a first glass plate 75.
The emissivity of the first thin film layer 76 at a wavelength of 0.65 μm is more than 0 and 0.4 or less, preferably 0.3 or less, and more preferably 0.2 or less.
The thickness of the first thin film layer 76 is a thickness that transmits light, and is preferably larger than 0 μm and 4 μm or less.
When the thickness of the first thin film layer 76 exceeds 4 μm, when the first thin film layer 76 is colored, light may not be transmitted through the first translucent plate material 71.
The metal film is preferably at least one selected from aluminum, gold, silver, tin and copper.
The metal oxide film is preferably at least one selected from zirconium oxide, beryllium oxide and magnesium oxide.
As the first translucent plate member 71, for example, Low-E glass in which a silver film is laminated on a glass plate can be adopted.

The second translucent plate member 72 is formed by laminating a second thin film layer 78 formed of a metal or a metal oxide on a second glass plate 77.
The emissivity of the second thin film layer 78 at a wavelength of 0.65 μm is more than 0 and 0.4 or less, preferably 0.3 or less, and more preferably 0.2 or less.
The thickness of the second thin film layer 78 is a thickness that transmits light, and is preferably larger than 0 μm and 4 μm or less.
When the thickness of the second thin film layer 78 exceeds 4 μm, when the first thin film layer 76 is colored, light may not be transmitted through the second light transmissive plate member 72.
The metal film is preferably at least one selected from aluminum, gold, silver, tin and copper.
The metal oxide film is preferably at least one selected from zirconium oxide, beryllium oxide, magnesium oxide, and tin oxide.
The second translucent plate material 72 of the present embodiment employs Low-E glass in which a silver film is laminated on a glass plate.

  According to the window solar cell module 70 of the present embodiment, since the first translucent plate material 71 and the second translucent plate material 72 are provided with the thin film layers 76 and 78 having an emissivity of 0.4 or less, Radiation insulation is less likely to occur and the heat insulation effect is high.

  In the above-described third embodiment, the first translucent plate material 71 and the second translucent plate material 72 are provided with the thin film layers 76 and 78 on only one surface of the glass plates 75 and 77, but the present invention is not limited to this. The thin film layers 76 and 78 may be provided on both surfaces of the glass plates 75 and 77, respectively, without being limited thereto.

In the above-described third embodiment, the translucent plate members 71 and 72 are the glass plates 75 and 77 on which the thin film layers 76 and 78 of the metal film or the metal oxide film are laminated. It is not limited to this.
For example, the translucent plate materials 71 and 72 may be those in which a film is formed on the glass plates 75 and 77.
This film may be an optical film or a colored film.

In the embodiment described above, the space 30 is filled with gas, but the present invention is not limited to this. The space 30 may be a substantially vacuum space. By doing so, heat transfer between the solar cell panel 10 and the first translucent plate material 11 is vacuum-insulated, and the heat insulating effect can be improved.
Similarly, in the second and third embodiments described above, the space 52 is filled with gas, but the present invention is not limited to this. The space 52 may be substantially a vacuum space. By doing so, heat transfer between the first light-transmissive plate members 11 and 71 and the second light-transmissive plate members 51 and 72 is vacuum-insulated, and the heat insulating effect can be improved.

  In the above-described embodiment, the number of translucent plate materials is one or two, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of translucent plate materials may be three or more. . In this case, it is preferable to form a space between the translucent plate materials.

In the above-described embodiment, the solar cell panel is a thin film solar cell mounted, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of solar cells may be mounted.
For example, the solar cell panel may be one in which a plurality of crystalline silicon solar cells 90 are connected in series or in parallel by a wiring member 91 as shown in FIG.

  In the above-described embodiment, the first electrode layer 20 is left in the non-power generation region 26, and the adjacent solar cells 17, 17 are electrically connected by the first electrode layer 20 serving as a common electrode. It is not limited to. As shown in FIG. 9, the adjacent solar cells 17, 17 may be electrically insulated without forming the first electrode layer 20 in the non-power generation region 26.

  In the above-described embodiment, the desiccant is arranged in the space in order to remove water from the gas in the spaces 30 and 52, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the desiccant is arranged in the space. You don't have to.

  As an application example of the above-described embodiment, surface irregularities may be formed on the light incident surface of the transparent substrate 15 of the solar cell panel 10 to perform antiglare processing. By doing so, the heat shield effect can be improved.

  As an application example of the above-described embodiment, the transparent substrate 15 of the solar cell panel 10 may be colored.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

  A procedure for manufacturing the solar cell module 3 for a window of specific examples and comparative examples of the present invention and evaluation results thereof will be described.

(Example 1)
The window solar cell module of Example 1 was fixed by facing a see-through solar cell panel (thickness 7 mm) having a light transmittance of 40% and a glass plate (thickness 3.2 mm). The distance between the see-through solar cell panel and the glass plate was set to 6 mm, and the space between the see-through solar cell panel and the glass plate was filled with dry air whose water content was removed with a desiccant. This is Example 1.

(Example 2)
The window solar cell module of Example 2 was the same as that of Example 1, except that the see-through solar cell panel and the glass plate were separated by 12 mm.

(Example 3)
A glass plate (thickness: 3.2 mm) was further faced and fixed to the glass plate of the solar cell module for a window of Example 1. The distance between the see-through solar cell panel and the glass plate is 6 mm, the distance between the glass plates is 6 mm, and the space between the see-through solar cell panel and the glass plate and between the glass plate and the glass plate are filled with dry air that has been dehydrated with a desiccant. It was This was designated as Example 3.

(Comparative Example 1)
In Example 1, no glass plate was provided. That is, the see-through solar cell panel alone was used as Comparative Example 1.

(Adiabatic evaluation)
Regarding the solar cell modules for windows of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1, the heat transmission coefficient was measured according to JIS A 1420: 1999.

(Heat barrier evaluation)
Regarding the window solar cell modules of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 1, the spectral transmittance and spectral reflectance of each wavelength were measured using a spectrophotometer in accordance with JIS R 3106: 1998, and the solar radiation transmittance, The solar reflectance and solar heat gain were calculated.

  The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

  As shown in Table 1, the window solar cell module of Examples 1, 2, and 3 in which a space is formed between the solar cell panel and the glass plate is the window solar cell module of Comparative Example 1 which is a single solar cell panel. The heat transmission rate and solar heat gain rate were lower than those of the above, and high heat insulation performance and heat shield performance were confirmed. In addition, in the solar cell modules for windows of Example 1 and Example 2, almost no difference was observed in the heat transmission coefficient, and it was found that the heat insulating function by the dry air can be sufficiently exerted by spacing 3 mm or more. In addition, the window solar cell module of Example 3 using two glass plates has higher heat insulation and heat shielding properties than the window solar cell module of Example 2 using one glass plate. It was

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Window 3,50,70 Solar cell module for windows 10 Solar cell panel 11,71 1st translucent board material 16 2nd transparent substrate (sealing board)
21 Photoelectric conversion layer (photoelectric conversion part)
25 power generation region 26 non-power generation region 30,52 space 51,72 second translucent plate material 75 first glass plate 76 first thin film 77 second glass plate 78 second thin film

Claims (8)

A solar cell module for windows, which constitutes part of a window that separates the inside and outside of a structure,
Having a solar cell panel that can transmit light and a transparent plate material,
The solar cell panel is independent of the translucent plate material, and faces the translucent plate material at a predetermined interval,
Meets the following conditions (1) or (2),
The translucent plate material is located on the inner side of the structure with respect to the solar cell panel,
The solar cell panel has a photoelectric conversion unit for converting light energy into electric energy,
The solar cell panel is a see-through solar cell in which a region where the photoelectric conversion unit exists and a region where the photoelectric conversion unit does not exist are mixed,
The region in which the photoelectric conversion unit is present is 40% or more and 80% or less of the entire region,
The region where the photoelectric conversion unit does not exist, a part of sunlight can pass through,
The solar cell panel includes a plurality of solar cells in which a first electrode layer, the photoelectric conversion unit, and a second electrode layer are laminated in this order on a first transparent substrate in a region where the photoelectric conversion unit is present,
The solar cell panel has a sealant for sealing the solar cell,
The first transparent substrate is a support substrate that supports the plurality of solar cells, the first electrode layer is directly laminated without interposing the sealant,
The first electrode layer is a transparent conductive layer having translucency and conductivity,
The second electrode layer includes a metal layer, and is provided on the light-transmissive plate material side with respect to the photoelectric conversion unit,
The first electrode layer is present in the region where the photoelectric conversion unit is not present, and the first electrode layers in the region where the photoelectric conversion unit is not present electrically connect the first electrode layers of the adjacent solar cells directly to each other. A solar cell module for windows, which is connected.
(1) Most of the space between the solar cell panel and the translucent plate is filled with gas.
(2) The space between the solar cell panel and the translucent plate material is a substantially vacuum space.   The solar cell module for windows according to claim 1, wherein an interval between the solar cell panel and the translucent plate member is 1 mm or more and 12 mm or less.   The window solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the space between the solar cell panel and the translucent plate is filled with a gas that does not substantially contain water vapor. The translucent plate material is a thin film layer laminated on a glass plate,
The solar cell module for a window according to claim 1, wherein the thin film layer has an emissivity of 0.4 or less when the wavelength is 0.65 μm.   The solar cell panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a surface of the solar cell panel on the light-transmissive plate side is formed of a sealing plate that seals the photoelectric conversion unit. module. Having a second translucent plate material,
The translucent plate member is located between the solar cell panel and the second translucent plate member,
The second translucent plate member faces the translucent plate member at a predetermined interval,
The solar cell module for windows according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which satisfies the following condition (3) or (4).
(3) Most of the space between the transparent plate member and the second transparent plate member is filled with gas.
(4) The space between the translucent plate material and the second translucent plate material is a substantially vacuum space. The second translucent plate material is a glass plate on which a thin film layer is laminated,
The solar cell module for windows according to claim 6, wherein the thin film layer has an emissivity of 0.4 or less when the wavelength is 0.65 μm. A solar cell module for windows according to claim 1, and a frame member,
The frame member is maintained and the solar battery fixing unit for fixing the solar cell panel, before a first plate fixing unit for fixing the KiToru light-transparent plate, the distance between the solar cell fixing unit the first plate member fixing portion A window characterized by including a space maintaining unit.

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