JP6663154B2 - Airtight terminal with enamel coating - Google Patents

Airtight terminal with enamel coating Download PDF

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JP6663154B2
JP6663154B2 JP2015225287A JP2015225287A JP6663154B2 JP 6663154 B2 JP6663154 B2 JP 6663154B2 JP 2015225287 A JP2015225287 A JP 2015225287A JP 2015225287 A JP2015225287 A JP 2015225287A JP 6663154 B2 JP6663154 B2 JP 6663154B2
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outer ring
metal outer
lead
sealing
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JP2016119295A (en
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山本 英文
英文 山本
浩喜 本田
浩喜 本田
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Schott Japan Corp
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本発明は電気・電子装置に用いられる絶縁被覆付き気密端子に関し、特に金属外環の絶縁被覆としてガラス焼成膜を施した気密端子およびその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a hermetic terminal provided with an insulating coating used for an electric / electronic device, and more particularly to an hermetic terminal provided with a glass fired film as an insulating coating of a metal outer ring, and a method of manufacturing the same.

気密端子は、金属外環とこれに挿通したリードとを絶縁材で気密封着したもので、気密容器内に収容された電気機器や素子に電流を供給したり、電気機器や素子から信号を外部に導出したりする配線用の端子であり、ハーメチックシールともいう。特に金属外環とリードを絶縁ガラスで封着するGTMS(Glass−to−Metal−Seal)タイプの気密端子は、例えば、エアコンや冷蔵庫のコンプレッサー等に使用され、金属外環と複数のリードピンおよびガラスで構成されている。ガラスは主にソーダバリウムガラスなどが用いられ、高気密、高耐圧、また高電気絶縁特性を有する。以下に背景技術の説明のため、冷凍機などのコンプレッサーに適用される気密端子を例示するが、本発明はコンプレッサー用の気密端子に限定されない。   A hermetic terminal is a metal outer ring and a lead inserted therethrough hermetically sealed with an insulating material.The hermetic terminal supplies current to electric devices and elements housed in an airtight container, and receives signals from electric devices and elements. It is a terminal for wiring that is led out to the outside, and is also called a hermetic seal. In particular, a GTMS (Glass-to-Metal-Seal) type airtight terminal that seals a metal outer ring and a lead with insulating glass is used for, for example, a compressor of an air conditioner or a refrigerator, and has a metal outer ring and a plurality of lead pins and glass. It is composed of As the glass, soda barium glass or the like is mainly used, and has high airtightness, high withstand voltage, and high electric insulation characteristics. Hereinafter, for the description of the background art, a hermetic terminal applied to a compressor such as a refrigerator is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to the hermetic terminal for a compressor.

気密端子の耐電圧は、金属外環とリードとの間に敷設された絶縁材表面の沿面距離によって左右される。特に高い耐電圧が要求される製品は、金属外環とリードとの間の沿面距離を大きくして耐電圧が高くなるように設計することがある。例えば、特許文献1に記載されるように、金属外環のリード貫通孔から円錐状にガラスを突設したり、該リードにセラミック・スリーブを挿通させ、封止ガラスから碍管端をさらに突出させたり、あるいは特許文献2に記載されるように、封止パッケージの内方リードにセラミック・スリーブを装着させ、さらに金属外環の天板面と外方リードの一部をエポキシ樹脂やシリコーンゴムなどで被覆して出来るだけ沿面距離を大きくする構成が採られている。この他にも特許文献3に記載されるように、漏斗形の絶縁スリーブを金属外環とリードとの間に装着した気密端子がある。   The withstand voltage of the hermetic terminal depends on the creepage distance of the surface of the insulating material laid between the metal outer ring and the lead. In particular, a product that requires a high withstand voltage may be designed so that the creepage distance between the metal outer ring and the lead is increased to increase the withstand voltage. For example, as described in Patent Literature 1, glass is protruded in a conical shape from a lead through hole of a metal outer ring, or a ceramic sleeve is inserted through the lead to further protrude an insulator tube end from sealing glass. Or as described in Patent Document 2, a ceramic sleeve is attached to the inner lead of the sealing package, and the top plate surface of the metal outer ring and a part of the outer lead are made of epoxy resin or silicone rubber. A configuration is adopted in which the creepage distance is made as large as possible by covering the surface. In addition, as described in Patent Document 3, there is an airtight terminal in which a funnel-shaped insulating sleeve is mounted between a metal outer ring and a lead.

実開昭63−008574号公報JP-A-63-008574 特開昭57−027582号公報JP-A-57-027582 特開平07−326409号公報JP 07-326409 A

従来の気密端子は、リードにセラミック・スリーブを被せる、あるいは気密端子を組み立てた後に、金属外環とリードの上部にシリコーンゴムなどを成形被覆することで、金属外環とリードとの間の沿面距離を大きくして耐高電圧特性を確保していた。これら従来型の気密端子では、リード毎にセラミック製スリーブを挿着したり、リード封着後シリコーンゴムなどの型成形が必要であったり、必ずしも経済的に効率がよい構成ではなかった。特にシリコーンゴムやエポキシ樹脂などの有機系高分子材料で表面被覆した気密端子は、耐熱性の低さが問題となることがあった。   Conventional hermetic terminals are made by covering the lead with a ceramic sleeve or assembling the hermetic terminal, and then forming and coating silicone rubber or the like on the outer metal ring and the top of the lead. The distance was increased to ensure high withstand voltage characteristics. These conventional hermetic terminals require insertion of a ceramic sleeve for each lead, molding of silicone rubber or the like after lead sealing, and are not necessarily economically efficient. In particular, airtight terminals whose surfaces are coated with an organic polymer material such as silicone rubber or epoxy resin sometimes have a problem of low heat resistance.

また、従来の気密端子は、金属外環とリードを封止ガラス材によって絶縁封着する封着工程で、溶融した封止ガラス材が所定封着面の一部でも濡れない箇所が発生すると、製品外観上の理由のほか、特に著しい場合は所定の沿面距離が確保できなくなるため、不濡れや流れ不良として廃棄せざるを得なかった。   Further, in the conventional hermetic terminal, in a sealing step of insulatingly sealing the outer metal ring and the lead with a sealing glass material, when a portion where the molten sealing glass material does not wet even a part of the predetermined sealing surface occurs, In addition to the reason for the appearance of the product, particularly in a remarkable case, it becomes impossible to secure a predetermined creepage distance.

本発明の目的は、上記課題を解消するため提案するものであり、より経済的に耐高電圧特性を有する気密端子を実現し、併せて従来構成に起因する耐熱性や封着ガラス濡れ性などの諸問題を解決することにある。   An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and to more economically realize a hermetic terminal having a high voltage resistance property, and also to achieve heat resistance and sealing glass wettability caused by the conventional configuration. To solve the various problems.

本発明によれば、金属外環と、この金属外環に設けた貫通孔に挿通した貫通リードと、このリードと金属外環とを気密に封着した封止ガラスとを備え、金属外環は、少なくとも貫通孔の開口全周を囲む露出面と、封止ガラスの封着面とにガラス焼成膜(琺瑯)を設けたことを特徴とする琺瑯被覆付き気密端子が提供される。金属外環の露出面に設けるガラス焼成膜は、この気密端子を筐体容器等に取り付ける際の溶接代を除く所望の表面を被覆する。封止ガラスの封着面に設けるガラス焼成膜は、封止ガラスが充填される貫通孔内周壁の径円周を途切れなく周回被覆してあれば、貫通孔内周壁の全面を被覆するか、あるいは開口端に接する片端周壁面または両端周壁面のみを部分被覆するか、何れかの被覆方式を選択できる。また、本発明の琺瑯被覆付き気密端子のリードは、必要に応じて琺瑯が金属外環の端面からリードの軸方向に突出するように、リードの周壁面にガラス焼成膜を設けてもよい。ガラス焼成膜は、封止ガラスと化学組成、分相、結晶化度などの性状が異なるガラス材またはセラミック粉末などの封止ガラスと異なる耐熱絶縁材をフィラーとして含有したガラス材を用いてもよい。これら封止ガラスと性状が異なるガラス焼成膜(例えば、結晶化ガラスやセラミックフィラーを含むことで強靭化したガラス材からなる琺瑯被膜)を金属外環の表面と封着孔の内面とに設けることで、封止ガラスに発生したクラックの進行を琺瑯被膜で拒止できる。封止ガラスのクラックは、熱応力が集中し易い封着孔の開口部に発生する。このため、封止ガラスの封着面に設けるガラス焼成膜は、少なくとも封着孔開口端に接する片端周壁面または両端周壁面を部分被覆し、開口端の内径円周を途切れなく周回被覆してあればよい。
According to the present invention, a metal outer ring includes a metal outer ring, a through lead inserted into a through hole provided in the metal outer ring, and a sealing glass in which the lead and the metal outer ring are hermetically sealed. The present invention provides an airtight terminal with an enamel coating, wherein a glass fired film (enamel) is provided on at least an exposed surface surrounding the entire periphery of the opening of the through hole and a sealing surface of the sealing glass. The glass fired film provided on the exposed surface of the metal outer ring covers a desired surface excluding a welding margin when attaching the hermetic terminal to a housing or the like. The glass fired film provided on the sealing surface of the sealing glass, if continuously covering the diameter circumference of the inner peripheral wall of the through hole filled with the sealing glass, if covering the entire inner peripheral wall of the through hole, Alternatively, one of the coating methods can be selected, or only one peripheral wall surface or both peripheral wall surfaces that are in contact with the opening end is partially coated. Further, the lead of the enamel-coated hermetic terminal of the present invention may be provided with a glass fired film on the peripheral wall surface of the lead so that the enamel projects from the end face of the metal outer ring in the axial direction of the lead as necessary. For the fired glass film, a glass material having properties different from the sealing glass such as a chemical composition, phase separation, and crystallinity, or a glass material containing a heat-resistant insulating material different from the sealing glass such as a ceramic powder as a filler may be used. . A glass fired film having a property different from that of the sealing glass (for example, an enamel coating made of glass material toughened by including crystallized glass or ceramic filler) is provided on the surface of the outer metal ring and the inner surface of the sealing hole. Thus, the progress of cracks generated in the sealing glass can be rejected by the enamel coating. Cracks in the sealing glass occur at the opening of the sealing hole where thermal stress tends to concentrate. For this reason, the glass fired film provided on the sealing surface of the sealing glass partially covers at least one peripheral wall or both peripheral walls in contact with the opening end of the sealing hole, and continuously covers the inner circumference of the opening end. I just need.

本発明の第2の観点によれば、前記ガラス焼成膜は、少なくともこのガラス焼成膜を施す金属基材よりも熱膨張係数(α)が小さいガラス材を用いてガラス焼成膜を強化ガラスとしたことを特徴とする琺瑯被覆付き気密端子が提供される。本発明のガラス焼成膜は、それを施す金属基材よりもαが小さいガラス材を用いる。該ガラス材を金属基材に融着するときに熱せられた金属基材は、冷却される際に収縮するので、ガラス焼成膜に強い圧縮応力を与えてガラス被膜を強化する。ガラス焼成膜を施す金属基材には、溶接代を除く金属外環の表面およびリードの周壁面の2つがある。金属外環に施すガラス焼成膜は金属外環よりもαが小さいガラス材を用い、リードに施すガラス焼成膜はリードよりもαが小さいガラス材を用いる。そして、各部のαの関係を、大きい順にα金属外環>α金属外環琺瑯>>α封止ガラス≒αリード>αリード琺瑯となるように構成すれば、金属基材の冷却に伴う収縮を利用して、皮膜状のガラス焼成膜に強い圧縮応力を与えて、このガラス焼成膜を強化することができる。このようにして強化されたガラス焼成膜は、非常に強靭な強化ガラスとなるのでヒビ割れたり、剥離したりし難くなる。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, the glass fired film is made of a glass material having a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion (α) than at least the metal substrate on which the glass fired film is formed, and the glass fired film is made of tempered glass. An airtight terminal with an enamel coating is provided. The fired glass film of the present invention uses a glass material having a smaller α than the metal base material on which the fired glass film is applied. Since the metal substrate heated when the glass material is fused to the metal substrate contracts when cooled, a strong compressive stress is applied to the fired glass film to strengthen the glass film. The metal substrate on which the glass fired film is applied has two surfaces, the surface of the metal outer ring excluding the welding allowance and the peripheral wall surface of the lead. The glass fired film applied to the outer metal ring uses a glass material having a smaller α than the metal outer ring, and the glass fired film applied to the lead uses a glass material having a smaller α than the lead. If the relationship of α of each part is configured such that α metal outer ring > α metal outer ring enamel >> α sealing glass ≒ α lead > α lead enamel in the descending order, shrinkage due to cooling of the metal base material Utilizing the above, a strong compressive stress is applied to the film-like fired glass film to strengthen the fired glass film. The glass fired film reinforced in this manner becomes a very toughened tempered glass, so that it is difficult to crack or peel off.

第3の観点によれば、本発明の琺瑯被覆付き気密端子は、金属外環の溶接代を除いた所望面にガラスを塗布するガラスコーティング工程、ガラスコーティングを施した金属外環を加熱炉に通してガラス焼成膜を金属外環に形成させる焼成工程、ガラス焼成膜を有する金属外環と、この金属外環に設けた貫通孔に挿通したリードと、このリードと金属外環とを封着する絶縁ガラスのタブレットとを組み合わせて封着治具にセットする部品振込工程、封着治具にセットした各部品を加熱炉に通してリードと金属外環とを絶縁ガラスによって封着するガラス封着工程により組み立てたことを特徴とする。   According to a third aspect, the hermetically sealed terminal with enamel coating of the present invention is a glass coating step of applying glass to a desired surface excluding a welding margin of a metal outer ring, and the metal outer ring having the glass coating applied to a heating furnace. A sintering step of forming a glass sintering film on the metal outer ring by passing through, a metal outer ring having a glass sintering film, a lead inserted into a through hole provided in the metal outer ring, and sealing the lead and the metal outer ring. A component transfer process in which an insulating glass tablet is combined with an insulating glass tablet to be set, and each component set in the sealing jig is passed through a heating furnace to seal a lead and a metal outer ring with insulating glass. It is characterized by being assembled by a wearing process.

さらに第4の観点によれば、本発明の琺瑯被覆付き気密端子は、金属外環の溶接代を除いた所望面およびリード周壁の所望面にガラスを塗布するガラスコーティング工程、ガラスコーティングを施した金属外環およびリードを加熱炉に通してガラス焼成膜を金属外環およびリードに形成させる焼成工程、ガラス焼成膜を有する金属外環と、この金属外環に設けた貫通孔に挿通したガラス焼成膜を有するリードと、このリードと金属外環とを封着する絶縁ガラスのタブレットとを組み合わせて封着治具にセットする部品振込工程、封着治具にセットした各部品を加熱炉に通してリードと金属外環とを絶縁ガラスによって封着するガラス封着工程により組み立てたことを特徴とする。   Furthermore, according to a fourth aspect, the hermetic terminal with an enamel coating of the present invention has been subjected to a glass coating step of applying glass to a desired surface except for a welding margin of a metal outer ring and to a desired surface of a lead peripheral wall, and to perform glass coating. A firing step of passing the metal outer ring and the lead through a heating furnace to form a glass fired film on the metal outer ring and the lead; a metal outer ring having the glass fired film; and a glass firing inserted through a through hole provided in the metal outer ring. A component transfer step in which a lead having a film and an insulating glass tablet for sealing the lead and the metal outer ring are combined and set in a sealing jig, and each component set in the sealing jig is passed through a heating furnace. The lead and the metal outer ring are assembled by a glass sealing step of sealing with an insulating glass.

前述したガラスコーティング工程におけるガラスのスリップ(湿式スラリー)またはフリット粉末(乾式粉体)の塗布方法は、金属外環およびリードにガラス粒子をコーティングできればよく、特に塗布方法は限定されない。例えば、ディツピング、掛け流し、スプレー、静電スプレー、電着法、粉末ふるい掛けなどの方法が利用できる。焼成工程におけるガラス焼成温度は、絶縁ガラスを封着するガラス封着工程より低温で行うことができる。   The method of applying the glass slip (wet slurry) or frit powder (dry powder) in the above-described glass coating step is not particularly limited as long as the outer metal ring and the lead can be coated with glass particles. For example, methods such as dipping, pouring, spraying, electrostatic spraying, electrodeposition, and powder sieving can be used. The glass firing temperature in the firing step can be lower than that in the glass sealing step of sealing the insulating glass.

本発明の琺瑯被覆付き気密端子の金属外環は、封止ガラスが融着される封着面を予めガラス焼成膜で下地処理してあるので、封着工程で溶融した封止ガラス材の封着面への濡れ性、親和性を著しく向上させ不濡れや流れ不良を改善する。金属外環およびリードの所望表面をガラス焼成膜で絶縁被覆するので、金属外環とリードを樹脂またはゴム材などで追加施工する必要が無くなる。耐熱性が劣る樹脂またはゴム材などを使用しないので気密端子の耐熱性が向上する。   Since the metal outer ring of the enamel-covered hermetic terminal of the present invention has a base surface previously treated with a glass fired film on which the sealing glass is to be fused, the sealing glass material melted in the sealing step is sealed. It significantly improves the wettability and affinity for the contact surface and improves non-wetting and poor flow. Since the desired surface of the metal outer ring and the lead is insulated and coated with the glass fired film, it is not necessary to additionally perform the metal outer ring and the lead with a resin or a rubber material. Since a resin or a rubber material having poor heat resistance is not used, the heat resistance of the hermetic terminal is improved.

封止ガラスと化学組成、分相、結晶化度などの性状が異なるガラス焼成膜またはセラミック粉末などの封止ガラスと異なる耐熱絶縁材をフィラーとして含有したガラス焼成膜を、金属外環の表面と封着孔の内面とに設けることで、封止ガラスに発生したクラックの進行を、封止ガラスと性状が異なる琺瑯被膜で拒止する。また、従来は沿面距離を大きく取るため金属外環の端面からリードの軸方向に封着ガラスを突出させて厚く盛り付けていたが、これを薄膜の琺瑯とするのでガラス被覆の耐熱衝撃性が向上し、よりいっそう開口部周辺のガラスクラックの発生を抑制できる。しかも、金属外環の露出面はガラス焼成膜で被覆してあるので、極めて滑らかなガラス表面を有し異物の付着を防いで耐トラッキング性、耐高電圧特性が向上する。   A glass fired film with different properties such as chemical composition, phase separation, and crystallinity from the sealing glass or a fired glass film containing a heat-resistant insulating material different from the sealing glass such as ceramic powder as a filler is used as the surface of the metal outer ring. By providing the sealing glass with the inner surface of the sealing hole, the progress of cracks generated in the sealing glass is rejected by an enamel coating having a property different from that of the sealing glass. Conventionally, the sealing glass protruded from the end face of the metal outer ring in the axial direction of the lead to increase the creepage distance, but was thickly mounted.However, since this is made into a thin enamel, the thermal shock resistance of the glass coating is improved. Further, the occurrence of glass cracks around the opening can be further suppressed. In addition, since the exposed surface of the metal outer ring is covered with a glass fired film, the surface has an extremely smooth glass surface, prevents foreign matter from adhering, and improves tracking resistance and high voltage resistance.

本発明の琺瑯被覆付き気密端子は、金属材とガラス材のαを、α金属外環>α金属外環琺瑯>>α封止ガラス≒αリード>αリード琺瑯に傾斜配置することで、ガラス焼成膜を強化して被覆のヒビ割れや剥離を防止する。 The airtight terminal with enamel coating of the present invention is characterized in that α of a metal material and a glass material is inclinedly arranged in α metal outer ring > α metal outer ring enamel >> α sealing glass ≒ α lead > α lead enamel , Strengthens the fired film to prevent cracking and peeling of the coating.

本発明に係る琺瑯被覆付き気密端子10を示し、(a)は平面図を、(b)は正面図および(a)のA−A線に沿って切断した部分断面図を示す。1A shows a plan view, FIG. 2B shows a front view, and a partial cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1A. 本発明に係る琺瑯被覆付き気密端子20を示し、(a)は平面図を、(b)は正面図および(a)のA−A線に沿って切断した部分断面図を、(c)は下面図を示す。1A shows a plan view, FIG. 2B shows a front view and a partial cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1A, and FIG. FIG. 本発明に係る琺瑯被覆付き気密端子30を示し、(a)は平面図を、(b)は正面図および(a)のA−A線に沿って切断した部分断面図を、(c)は下面図を示す。2A shows a plan view, FIG. 2B shows a front view, and FIG. 3C shows a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 本発明に係る琺瑯被覆付き気密端子の工程フロー図40を示す。FIG. 40 shows a process flow diagram 40 of the hermetically sealed terminal according to the present invention.

以下、本発明の気密端子について、図面を参照しながら説明する。   Hereinafter, the hermetic terminal of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

本発明に係る琺瑯引き気密端子10は、図1に示すように鉄または鉄合金の金属外環11と、金属外環11に設けた貫通孔に挿通したリード12と、貫通孔を封止して金属外環11とリード12とを気密封着した封止ガラス13とを備え、金属外環11は、少なくとも貫通孔の開口全周を囲む露出面14−1と、封止ガラスの封着面14−2とにガラス焼成膜14を設けたことを特徴とする。金属外環11は、貫通孔内の封着面14−2から貫通孔外の露出面14−1にかけてガラス焼成膜14で一様に被覆し、リード12は、琺瑯が金属外環11の貫通孔内から上下軸方向にかけて突出するようにガラス焼成膜14を設け、金属外環11とリード12とを封止ガラス13で封着する。
The enamelled hermetic terminal 10 according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, seals a metal outer ring 11 of iron or an iron alloy, a lead 12 inserted through a through hole provided in the metal outer ring 11, and a through hole. And a sealing glass 13 in which the metal outer ring 11 and the lead 12 are hermetically sealed. The metal outer ring 11 has at least an exposed surface 14-1 surrounding the entire periphery of the opening of the through hole, and sealing of the sealing glass. A fired glass film 14 is provided on the surface 14-2. The metal outer ring 11 is uniformly covered with the glass fired film 14 from the sealing surface 14-2 in the through hole to the exposed surface 14-1 outside the through hole. The glass fired film 14 is provided so as to protrude from the inside of the hole in the vertical axis direction, and the metal outer ring 11 and the lead 12 are sealed with the sealing glass 13.

図1の例では、ガラス焼成膜14は金属外環11とリード12の上下の露出面に設けているが、金属外環11またはリード12の表面に露出させるガラス焼成膜14−1は、金属外環11の上下何れか片面だけに施してもよい。封止ガラスのクラックは、熱応力が集中し易い封着孔の開口部に発生する。従って、封止ガラスの封着面14−2に設けるガラス焼成膜14は、少なくとも封着孔開口端に接する片端周壁面または両端周壁面を部分被覆し、開口端の内径円周を途切れなく周回被覆してあればよい。   In the example of FIG. 1, the glass fired film 14 is provided on the upper and lower exposed surfaces of the metal outer ring 11 and the lead 12, but the glass fired film 14-1 exposed on the surface of the metal outer ring 11 or the lead 12 is made of metal. It may be applied to only one of the upper and lower surfaces of the outer ring 11. Cracks in the sealing glass occur at the opening of the sealing hole where thermal stress tends to concentrate. Therefore, the glass fired film 14 provided on the sealing surface 14-2 of the sealing glass partially covers at least one peripheral wall surface or both peripheral wall surfaces that are in contact with the opening end of the sealing hole, and orbits the inner circumference of the opening end without interruption. What is necessary is just to coat.

本発明に係る琺瑯引き気密端子20は、図2に示すように複数の貫通孔を有し周壁にフランジを設けた鉄または鉄合金の金属外環21と、金属外環21の貫通孔に挿通した複数のリード22と、貫通孔を封止して金属外環21とリード22とを気密封着した封止ガラス23とを備え、金属外環21は、貫通孔の開口全周を囲む露出面24−1と、封止ガラス23の封着面24−2とにガラス焼成膜24を設けたことを特徴とする。封止ガラス23の封着面24−2に設けたガラス焼成膜24は、貫通孔内周壁の上端部を途切れなく周回被覆してある。貫通孔の封着面24−2は、貫通孔に設けた座繰り部または面取り部の径内周壁を含む。   The enamelled hermetic terminal 20 according to the present invention has a plurality of through-holes as shown in FIG. And a sealing glass 23 in which the through hole is sealed and the metal outer ring 21 and the lead 22 are hermetically sealed. The metal outer ring 21 has an exposed portion surrounding the entire periphery of the opening of the through hole. A glass fired film 24 is provided on the surface 24-1 and the sealing surface 24-2 of the sealing glass 23. The glass fired film 24 provided on the sealing surface 24-2 of the sealing glass 23 continuously covers the upper end portion of the inner peripheral wall of the through hole. The sealing surface 24-2 of the through-hole includes a radially inner peripheral wall of a counterbore or a chamfer provided in the through-hole.

図示しないが、必要なら琺瑯引き気密端子20を更に変形して、リード22の周壁面に、図1の如く琺瑯が金属外環21の貫通孔内から上下軸方向にかけて突出するようにガラス焼成膜24を設けてもよい。また、ガラス焼成膜24を施す金属外環21やリード22の下地表面を予めひだ状に加工して沿面距離を拡張してもよい。図2の例では、金属外環21の上板面のみを露出面としてガラス焼成膜24を設けているが、この気密端子を密閉容器等に取り付ける際の溶接代とリード22の電極接続部を除く表面全体を露出面としてガラス焼成膜24を施してもよい。上述の封止ガラスとガラス焼成膜(琺瑯)は、ガラス材の組成または種類が互いに異なった構成とするのが望ましい。   Although not shown, if necessary, the enamel-pulled airtight terminal 20 is further deformed, and the glass fired film is formed on the peripheral wall surface of the lead 22 so that the enamel projects from the through hole of the metal outer ring 21 in the vertical axis direction as shown in FIG. 24 may be provided. Alternatively, the surface of the metal outer ring 21 or the lead 22 on which the glass fired film 24 is to be formed may be previously processed into a pleated shape to extend the creepage distance. In the example of FIG. 2, the glass fired film 24 is provided with only the upper plate surface of the metal outer ring 21 as an exposed surface. However, a welding margin when attaching the hermetic terminal to an airtight container or the like and an electrode connection portion of the lead 22 are reduced. The fired glass film 24 may be applied with the entire surface except the exposed surface. It is preferable that the above-mentioned sealing glass and the glass fired film (enamel) have different compositions or types of glass materials.

本発明に係る琺瑯引き気密端子30は、図3に示すように複数の貫通孔を有し周壁にフランジを設けた鉄または鉄合金の金属外環31と、金属外環31の貫通孔に挿通した複数のリード32と、貫通孔を封止して金属外環31とリード32とを気密封着した封止ガラス33とを備え、金属外環31は、貫通孔の開口全周を囲む露出面34−1と、封止ガラス33の封着面34−2とにガラス焼成膜34を設け、さらに金属外環31のフランジ裏面にガラス焼成膜34を設けたことを特徴とする。封止ガラス33の封着面34−2に設けたガラス焼成膜34は、貫通孔内周壁の上端部を途切れなく周回被覆してある。貫通孔の封着面34−2は、貫通孔に設けた座繰り部または面取り部の径内周壁を含む。フランジ裏面に設けたガラス焼成膜34は、封止容器内側のリード32と金属外環31との間に付着する導電性屑等に起因したトラッキングを防止する。ガラス焼成膜34を金属外環31の表面に設けたことにより沿面距離が大きく取れるのでリード軸方向にガラスを這い上がらせたりする必要が無い。従って琺瑯引き気密端子30の封止ガラス33は、リード軸方向の高さが金属外環31の板面を越えないように貫通孔に充填して封着すれば良い。リード軸方向にガラス上りを設けない分、リード長を短くできる。さらに該リードの両端部は必要に応じて配線コードを接続するタブ(端子板)を設ける。琺瑯引き気密端子30は、短リード化によりリード部の電気抵抗を低減して、大電流への対応を容易とし、通電発熱を抑制してガラス溶融抜けを防ぐ効果がある。   As shown in FIG. 3, the enamelled hermetic terminal 30 according to the present invention has a metal outer ring 31 of iron or iron alloy having a plurality of through holes and a flange provided on a peripheral wall, and is inserted through the through hole of the metal outer ring 31. A plurality of leads 32 and a sealing glass 33 in which the through hole is sealed and the outer metal ring 31 and the lead 32 are hermetically sealed. The outer metal ring 31 is an exposed portion surrounding the entire periphery of the opening of the through hole. A glass fired film 34 is provided on the surface 34-1 and the sealing surface 34-2 of the sealing glass 33, and a glass fired film 34 is provided on the back surface of the flange of the metal outer ring 31. The glass fired film 34 provided on the sealing surface 34-2 of the sealing glass 33 continuously covers the upper end portion of the inner peripheral wall of the through hole. The sealing surface 34-2 of the through hole includes a radially inner peripheral wall of a counterbore or chamfer provided in the through hole. The glass fired film 34 provided on the back surface of the flange prevents tracking caused by conductive debris or the like adhering between the lead 32 inside the sealed container and the metal outer ring 31. By providing the glass fired film 34 on the surface of the metal outer ring 31, the creepage distance can be increased, so that it is not necessary to crawl the glass in the lead axis direction. Therefore, the sealing glass 33 of the enameled airtight terminal 30 may be filled and sealed in the through hole so that the height in the lead axis direction does not exceed the plate surface of the metal outer ring 31. The length of the lead can be shortened because no glass up is provided in the lead axis direction. Further, tabs (terminal plates) for connecting wiring cords are provided at both ends of the leads as necessary. The enamelled hermetic terminal 30 has the effect of reducing the electrical resistance of the lead portion by shortening the lead, facilitating the response to a large current, suppressing the heat generation due to conduction, and preventing the glass from melting out.

本発明に係る琺瑯引き気密端子のガラス焼成膜は、少なくともこのガラス焼成膜を施す金属基材よりも熱膨張係数(α)が小さいガラス材を用いてガラス焼成膜を強化ガラスにできる。すなわちガラス焼成膜は、それを施す金属基材よりもαが小さいガラス材を用い、該ガラス材の融着時における金属基材の収縮を利用して、ガラス焼成膜に強い圧縮応力を与えてガラス被膜を強化する。このガラス焼成膜は、特に溶接代を除く金属外環の表面およびリードの周壁面に施すとよい。金属外環に施すガラス焼成膜は、金属外環よりもαが小さいガラス材を用い、リードに施すガラス焼成膜はリードよりもαが小さいガラス材を用いる。そして、各部のαの関係を、大きい順にα金属外環>α金属外環琺瑯>>α封止ガラス≒αリード>αリード琺瑯となるように構成すれば、金属基材の冷却に伴う収縮を利用して、皮膜状のガラス材に強い圧縮応力を与えガラスを強化できる。該ガラス焼成膜は、非常に強靭な強化ガラスに変化しヒビ割れや剥離を防止する。 The glass fired film of the enameled airtight terminal according to the present invention can be made into a tempered glass by using a glass material having a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion (α) than at least the metal substrate on which the glass fired film is applied. That is, the glass fired film uses a glass material having a smaller α than the metal base material on which the glass fired film is applied. Strengthens the glass coating. This glass fired film is preferably applied to the surface of the metal outer ring and the peripheral wall surface of the lead except for the welding allowance. The glass fired film applied to the outer metal ring uses a glass material having a smaller α than the metal outer ring, and the glass fired film applied to the lead uses a glass material having a smaller α than the lead. If the relationship of α of each part is configured such that α metal outer ring > α metal outer ring enamel >> α sealing glass ≒ α lead > α lead enamel in the descending order, shrinkage due to cooling of the metal base material Utilizing, a strong compressive stress can be applied to the film-like glass material to strengthen the glass. The fired glass film changes into a very toughened tempered glass and prevents cracking and peeling.

本発明の琺瑯被覆付き気密端子10は、図4の工程フロー図40に示すように、金属外環の溶接代を除く表面およびタブ等電気接属部を除くリード周壁面にガラス・フリットを塗布する湿式または乾式のガラスコーティング工程41、ガラスフリット・コーティングを施した金属外環およびリードを絶縁ガラスの軟化点未満の温度に調整した加熱炉に通してガラス焼成膜を金属外環およびリードに形成させる焼成工程42、ガラス焼成膜を有する金属外環と、この金属外環に設けた貫通孔に挿通したガラス焼成膜を有するリードと、このリードと金属外環とを封着する絶縁ガラスのタブレットとを組み合わせて封着治具にセットする部品振込工程43、封着治具にセットした各部品を絶縁ガラスの軟化点以上の温度に調整した加熱炉に通してリードと金属外環とを絶縁ガラスによって封着するガラス封着工程44により組み立てる。   As shown in the process flow diagram 40 of FIG. 4, the airtight terminal 10 with an enamel coating of the present invention has a glass frit applied to the surface of the metal outer ring excluding the welding allowance and the peripheral wall surface of the lead excluding the tabs and other electrical connection parts. Wet or dry glass coating step 41, forming a glass fired film on the metal outer ring and the lead by passing the metal outer ring and the lead with the glass frit coating through a heating furnace adjusted to a temperature lower than the softening point of the insulating glass. Firing step 42, a metal outer ring having a glass fired film, a lead having a glass fired film inserted into a through hole provided in the metal outer ring, and an insulating glass tablet for sealing the lead and the metal outer ring A component transfer step 43 in which the components are set in a sealing jig in combination with each other, and each component set in the sealing jig is passed through a heating furnace adjusted to a temperature equal to or higher than the softening point of the insulating glass. Assembling the glass sealing step 44 of wear sealed by chromatography de metal outer ring and an insulating glass.

さらに、本発明の琺瑯被覆付き気密端子20または琺瑯被覆付き気密端子30は、図4の工程フロー図40に示すように、金属外環の溶接代を除く表面にガラス・フリットを塗布する湿式または乾式のガラスコーティング工程41、ガラスフリット・コーティングを施した金属外環を絶縁ガラスの軟化点未満の温度に調整した加熱炉に通してガラス焼成膜を金属外環に形成させる焼成工程42、ガラス焼成膜を有する金属外環と、この金属外環に設けた貫通孔に挿通したリードと、このリードと金属外環とを封着する絶縁ガラスのタブレットとを組み合わせて封着治具にセットする部品振込工程43、封着治具にセットした各部品を絶縁ガラスの軟化点以上の温度に調整した加熱炉に通して前記リードと前記金属外環とを前記絶縁ガラスによって封着するガラス封着工程44により組み立てる。   Furthermore, the enamel-coated airtight terminal 20 or the enamel-coated airtight terminal 30 of the present invention, as shown in the process flow diagram 40 of FIG. A dry glass coating step 41, a baking step of passing a glass frit coated metal outer ring through a heating furnace adjusted to a temperature lower than the softening point of insulating glass to form a glass fired film on the metal outer ring, glass firing A component set in a sealing jig by combining a metal outer ring having a membrane, a lead inserted through a through hole provided in the metal outer ring, and an insulating glass tablet for sealing the lead and the metal outer ring. In a transfer step 43, each of the components set in the sealing jig is passed through a heating furnace adjusted to a temperature equal to or higher than the softening point of the insulating glass, and the leads and the metal outer ring are separated by the insulating glass. Assembling the glass sealing step 44 and sealing Te.

ガラスコーティング工程41におけるガラス・フリットの塗布方法には、ガラス・スリップ(スラリー状フリット)をスプレーする方法またはフリットをふるい掛けする方法が好適に利用できる。   As a method of applying the glass frit in the glass coating step 41, a method of spraying a glass slip (slurry frit) or a method of sieving the frit can be suitably used.

本発明は密閉容器内の配線に用いる気密端子、各種電力用設備、二次電池などを含む電源装置に用いる気密端子に適用でき、特に高電圧・高電流に対して耐久性が要求される高出力用の気密端子に利用できる。   INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to a hermetic terminal used for wiring in a sealed container, an hermetic terminal used for a power supply device including various power equipment, a secondary battery, etc. Can be used for hermetic terminals for output.

10,20,30・・・琺瑯引き気密端子、
11,21,31・・・金属外環、
12,22,32・・・リード、
13,23,33・・・封止ガラス、
14−1,24−1,34−1・・・露出面、
14−2,24−2,34−2・・・封着面、
14,24,34・・・ガラス焼成膜、
40・・・琺瑯被覆付き気密端子の工程フロー図、
41・・・ガラスコーティング工程、
42・・・焼成工程、
43・・・部品振込工程、
44・・・ガラス封着工程。
10, 20, 30 ... enameled airtight terminal,
11, 21, 31, ... metal outer ring,
12, 22, 32 ... lead,
13, 23, 33 ... sealing glass,
14-1, 24-1, 34-1 ... exposed surface,
14-2, 24-2, 34-2: sealing surface,
14, 24, 34: fired glass film,
40 ・ ・ ・ Process flow diagram of airtight terminal with enamel coating,
41 ... glass coating process,
42 ... firing step,
43 ・ ・ ・ Parts transfer process,
44 ... Glass sealing step.

Claims (2)

金属外環と、この金属外環に設けた貫通孔に挿通したリードと、このリードと金属外環とを気密封着した封止ガラスとを備え、金属外環は、少なくとも封止ガラスの封着面の一部から貫通孔の開口全周を囲む露出面にかけてガラス焼成膜を設け、前記ガラス焼成膜を施す前記金属外環や前記リードの下地表面を予めひだ状に加工して沿面距離をさらに拡張したことを特徴とする琺瑯被覆付き気密端子。 A metal outer ring; a lead inserted into a through hole provided in the metal outer ring; and a sealing glass in which the lead and the metal outer ring are hermetically sealed. A glass fired film is provided from a part of the mounting surface to an exposed surface surrounding the entire periphery of the opening of the through-hole, and the metal outer ring or the base surface of the lead on which the glass fired film is applied is preliminarily processed into a pleated shape to reduce creepage distance. An airtight terminal with an enamel coating, which is further expanded . 金属外環と、この金属外環の外周端部を延伸させて設けたフランジ部と、金属外環の貫通孔に挿通したリードと、貫通孔を封止して前記金属外環と前記リードとを気密封着した封止ガラスとを備え、前記金属外環は、前記貫通孔の開口全周を囲む露出面と、前記封止ガラスの封着面とにガラス焼成膜を設け、さらに前記金属外環のフランジ裏面の露出表面に前記ガラス焼成膜を設けてあり、前記ガラス焼成膜を施した前記金属外環や前記リードの下地表面を予めひだ状に加工して沿面距離をさらに拡張したことを特徴とする琺瑯被覆付き気密端子。
A metal outer ring, a flange portion provided by extending an outer peripheral end of the metal outer ring, a lead inserted into a through hole of the metal outer ring, and a metal outer ring and the lead sealed with a through hole. and a sealing glass which is hermetically sealed to the metal outer ring, and the exposed surface surrounding the opening entire circumference of the through hole, the glass baked film is provided on the sealing surface of the sealing glass, further the metal The fired glass film is provided on the exposed surface of the back surface of the flange of the outer ring, and the metal outer ring and the base surface of the lead on which the fired glass film has been formed are preliminarily processed into folds to further increase the creepage distance. enamel coated airtight pin, wherein.
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