JP6653105B1 - Hydroponic cultivation apparatus and hydroponic cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] A hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a hydroponic system, in which detachment of a plant to be planted is suppressed by sufficient retention of roots, and when a plant is extracted, broken roots are unlikely to remain inside. Provide cultivation method. A hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 includes a liquid supply unit 21 having a liquid retention property and capable of exuding absorbed liquid to the outside, and a set of elastic filaments 221 disposed adjacent to the liquid supply unit 21. The first member 22 is a three-dimensional net having a porosity of 50% to 90% and can sandwich the roots of the plant with the liquid supply unit 21 and the liquid supply unit 21. The medium 2 having the second member 23, which is disposed so as to face the first member 22, and at least the portion facing the first member 22 has higher rigidity than the first member 22, The casing 3 is provided with a window portion 32 for exposing a surface of a portion to be a holding planned region for holding the root in the stored culture medium 2 while containing the same. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a hydroponic cultivation method. More specifically, a hydroponic cultivation apparatus, in which detachment of a plant to be planted is suppressed by sufficient retention of roots, and when a plant is extracted, a broken root is unlikely to remain inside, Regarding the cultivation method.

  Conventionally, hydroponic cultivation has been carried out in the field of agriculture or horticulture, and as a method of hydroponic cultivation, a mode using a medium contained in a container and a mode using a nutrient solution contained in a container Are roughly divided into

  By the way, in recent years, cultivation vessels have been set up in the height direction in the horticultural field for wall greening, which has been proposed as part of measures against global warming, and in the agricultural field, for improving cultivation efficiency or saving space. And a hydroponic cultivation method performed by the method has been attracting attention. As an example of a tool used for the method, a plant cultivation apparatus as described in Patent Document 1 below has been proposed. It is illustrated as a cultivation device 9.

  The plant cultivation apparatus 9 includes a nutrient solution pipe 91 extending in the height direction for supplying a nutrient solution, a plant pipe 92 extending in a vertical direction for planting the cultivation plant, and an artificial light for the cultivation plant. Is provided with a growth light source 93 extending in the longitudinal direction for irradiating light.

  In the plant pipe 92, one or more branch pipes 94 each having a plant mounting portion for mounting a cultivated plant installed inside the tip are provided at predetermined heights and widths obliquely upward. A nutrient solution supply unit for supplying nutrient solution from inside the nutrient solution pipe 91 to the inside of the branch pipe 94 is provided. The nutrient solution is provided adjacent to the plant pipe 92 and in the direction of the branch pipe 94 provided in the plant pipe 92. First, the growing light source 93 is provided.

  According to the plant cultivation apparatus 9 described in Patent Document 1, a single artificial light source can irradiate more cultivated plants with artificial light, reduce power consumption, and constantly supply fresh cultivation liquid to the cultivated plants. It has been.

JP 2014-217349 A

  On the other hand, in greenhouse cultivation performed in a normal vinyl house or the like, only natural light is sufficient, and an artificial light source is not required. In addition, when a structure for storing the nutrient solution in the device such as the plant cultivation device 9 is employed, the total weight including the stored solution increases, and the planting direction is required due to the necessity of a structure in which the nutrient solution does not leak outside. Is naturally limited.

  Therefore, the present inventor has selected an embodiment using a culture medium, and has adopted a urethane sponge having a liquid retention property and hardly hindering the growth of roots of a plant as a culture medium. Was prototyped.

  However, when a plant was planted in a prototype hydroponic cultivation apparatus and vertical hydroponic cultivation was performed, urethane sponge was found to grow when the weight of the stem and leaves increased as the plant grew. The root could come off from the urethane sponge and die.

  Furthermore, after the experiment, when performing the work of pulling out the plant from the hydroponic cultivation apparatus, the root of the plant is cut off and remains in the urethane sponge, and it is difficult to remove the remaining root. found. The remaining roots rot and cause odor and malignant bacteria to propagate, so it is difficult to reuse the medium, and replacing the medium every cultivation cycle leads to an increase in running costs.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the detachment of a plant to be planted is suppressed by sufficient retention of roots, and when the plant is pulled out, the roots that have been torn are removed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a hydroponic cultivation method that hardly remain inside.

  In order to achieve the above object, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention has a liquid retaining property, a liquid supply part in which the absorbed liquid can seep out, and is provided next to the liquid supply part and has elasticity. A first member capable of sandwiching the root of a plant between the first member and the liquid supply portion, which is a three-dimensional net having a porosity of 50% to 90% and formed from a collection of filaments, and a liquid supply portion between the first member and the liquid supply portion. A medium body having a second member that is disposed to face the first member and that is at least opposed to the first member, the medium body having a second member configured to be more rigid than the first member; And a casing in which a window is formed to expose a surface of a portion to be a region to be clamped for clamping the root in the culture medium.

  Here, the medium body has a liquid retaining property and has a liquid supply part capable of exuding the absorbed liquid to the outside, so that a liquid containing water or nutrients supplied from outside in hydroponic cultivation (hereinafter collectively referred to as a liquid). The nutrient solution and the like are absorbed by the liquid supply unit and retained, and the absorbed nutrient solution and the like exude to the outside. Thereby, by planting the root portion of the plant body to be planted (hereinafter, simply referred to as "root") along the liquid supply part, it is possible to absorb nutrient solution and the like from which the root exudes. .

  The culture medium body can form a region where the plant is planted between the first member and the liquid supply part by providing the first member adjacent to the liquid supply part.

  At this time, since the first member is constituted by a set of elastic filaments, the roots of the plant are sandwiched between the first member and the liquid supply part by the elasticity generated from the filaments, and The plant can be prevented from easily detaching from the body. In addition, when the first member is pinched by a force that presses the first member in the direction of the liquid supply portion when the root is pinched, the line in contact with the root is deformed by elasticity, and the root can be pinched. Since a large space is generated, the pinched root is hardly damaged. Furthermore, after the root is clamped, the shape of the first member is restored by its elasticity to hold down the root, so that the root can be firmly clamped.

  The first member has a structure in which a plurality of holes are opened in the surface portion by being a three-dimensional net-like shape, and a void communicating with the holes is formed. From the entrance to the void. The first member can lock the root by the entangled or entangled root (hereinafter referred to as “entanglement or the like”). Furthermore, since the first member has a three-dimensional net shape, it has good air permeability and liquid permeability, and it is possible to prevent root rot and the like from occurring.

  Furthermore, since the first member has a porosity of 50% to 90%, the root can easily enter from the hole, and the size of the void can sufficiently accept the entered root. It has a structure that promotes growth. On the other hand, since the first member has the above-mentioned porosity, even when the plant is pulled out, the root can be smoothly pulled out with a small resistance, and a structure in which the broken root is unlikely to remain remains. I have. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the odor and the propagation of malignant bacteria due to the decay of the remaining roots and the like, which is hygienic.

  In addition, when the porosity is less than 50%, it is difficult for roots to enter due to the small voids, and the roots tend to break and remain in the voids when the plant is removed, which is preferable. Absent. On the other hand, if the porosity exceeds 90%, the roots are apt to enter due to the wide porosity, and even when the plant body is pulled out, although the broken roots are unlikely to remain in the cavities, the striated roots are entangled. Is low, and the ability to hold the root is reduced, which is also not preferable.

  As described above, the first member has a structure capable of sandwiching the root of the plant body with the liquid supply unit.

  The medium body is disposed to face the first member with the liquid supply portion interposed therebetween, and at least a portion facing the first member has a second member configured to have higher rigidity than the first member. The second member has a structure in which a portion facing the first member does not bend and deform (does not bend and deform) by a force pressing the second member received from the first member.

  If the portion of the second member facing the first member has a rigidity equal to or less than that of the first member, the second member received from the first member over the liquid supply portion pushes the second member, and the second member is pressed. The opposing portions of the two members bend and deform in the direction opposite to the direction in which the first member is located. When deformed in this way, the pressing force on the root sandwiched between the first member and the liquid supply unit escapes in the direction of the second member, and the force holding the root is loosened.

  However, as described above, the second member in the present invention is configured such that the force generated from the first member does not escape due to bending, and can be supported through the liquid supply portion, and the force for holding the root is loosened. Can be suppressed.

  The casing accommodates the culture medium, and has a window that exposes the surface of a portion that is to be a region to be sandwiched between roots in the accommodated culture medium, so that the culture medium can be accommodated therein. In the housed state, the surface of the culture medium serving as the root holding area can be exposed to the outside through the window. Thereby, the shoot part of the plant planted in the culture medium can be exposed to the outside from the window part, the elongation of the exposed shoot part is not inhibited, and the fruits, leaves or shoots attached to the shoot part are obtained. It has a structure that allows the whole section to be harvested and flowers to be appreciated.

  The term "plant shoot portion" is a portion other than the root, and is mainly used to mean a stem portion (including flowers and fruits attached to the stem) and leaves. Further, the window may be in the form of a slit or a through-hole provided at a required interval.

  By the way, generally, in a hydroponic cultivation apparatus having a structure in which a root is sandwiched between two flexible media, the same medium is often used in many cases, but in this case, due to the flexibility and deterioration of the medium. There is a possibility that the region for holding the root is deformed or moved, and the region for holding the root is not exposed from the window of the casing.

  In contrast, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention has a structure in which the second member configured to have higher rigidity than the first member supports the first member. It does not come off.

  Furthermore, for example, in a general hydroponic cultivation apparatus, when the casing is formed of a flexible material and each medium is flexible, the entire hydroponic cultivation apparatus may be twisted or distorted by external force. However, in the case of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention, the rigidity is complemented from the inside of the casing by enclosing the second member having rigidity, and the strength of the entire hydroponic cultivation apparatus is secured. .

  Further, when the first member has a plurality of irregular loops in which the shape of the filaments is bent irregularly and has a structure in which a part of the portions where the filaments contact each other is joined, The loop-shaped filaments and the gaps between them have an irregular shape and irregular arrangement, so that the roots that have entered can be more easily entangled, and a structure that does not easily come off after being entangled can be obtained.

  By joining a part of the places where the filaments are in contact with each other, even in the case of irregular loop-shaped filaments, the filaments can be combined into a three-dimensional net without excessive separation. Can be.

  In the case where the second member is substantially cylindrical and has a structure in which a root entry path including a plurality of small holes penetrating inward and outward is formed at least in a portion of the peripheral wall facing the liquid supply portion, Plants can also be planted between the and the liquid supply section.

  At this time, the root sandwiched between the second member and the liquid supply unit is clamped by a force applied from the direction of the first member via the liquid supply unit. The root extending between the second member and the liquid supply unit enters the hollow second member through the root entry path and is entangled with the rim of the root entry path, which is a small hole. Even when the root is sandwiched between the two members and the liquid supply unit, detachment of the plant can be suppressed.

  In the case where the liquid supply portion has a structure in which a root passage portion communicating with the first member and the second member and allowing roots to enter is formed, the plant body is provided between the first member and the liquid supply portion. Even when the plant is planted, the plant body can easily extend the root in the direction of the second member through the root passage portion, and the structure in which the direction of extension of the root is hardly restricted by the presence of the liquid supply portion can be achieved. it can. Similarly, even when a plant is planted between the second member and the liquid supply unit, the plant can easily extend the root in the direction of the first member through the root passage.

  That is, regardless of whether the plant is planted between the first member and the liquid supply part or between the second member and the liquid supply part, the root of the plant is formed between the first member and the second liquid supply part. It can be widely extended to both members, and the effect of suppressing detachment of the plant can be further enhanced.

  Further, when the liquid supply section has a structure having a mark portion that can determine the position of the root passage section, the liquid supply section is sandwiched between the first member and the second member, and the position of the root passage section is temporarily set. The position of the root passage portion can be determined even in a state where it cannot be visually recognized (in a state of being directly invisible).

  Thereby, for example, at the time of the operation of planting the plant body in the culture medium, without removing the first member or the second member adjacent to the liquid supply unit, the root is moved to the position where the root passage portion is formed. And work efficiency is improved. Further, for example, even in a state where the culture medium is stored in the casing, it is possible to plant the plant at the formation position of the root passage portion through the window, and in this case, it is troublesome to put the culture medium in and out of the casing. , And the working efficiency is further improved.

  In order to achieve the above object, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention has a liquid retaining property, a liquid supply part in which the absorbed liquid can seep out, and is provided next to the liquid supply part and has elasticity. A three-dimensional net-like first member having a porosity of 50% to 90%, which is constituted by a set of filaments, and a first member which is disposed to face the first member with the liquid supply portion interposed therebetween; A medium body having a second member having a second member configured to have higher rigidity than the first member, the medium body is accommodated, and a boundary between the liquid supply unit and the first member on the surface of the medium body. A casing in which a window portion exposing a region is formed.

  Here, the medium body has a liquid retaining property, and has a liquid supply part capable of exuding the absorbed liquid to the outside, so that the liquid supply part absorbs a nutrient solution or the like supplied from outside in hydroponics. The nutrient solution and the like after absorption are oozed out. Thereby, for example, by planting a plant body in such a manner that the roots are along the liquid supply part, it is possible to absorb nutrient solution and the like from which the roots exude.

  Since the first member is provided adjacent to the liquid supply unit, the medium body can form a region for holding the object to be sandwiched between the first member and the liquid supply unit. In this region, since the first member is constituted by a set of elastic filaments, elasticity is generated from the filaments, and with this elasticity, the object to be sandwiched between the first member and the liquid supply unit is formed. Can be pinched.

  For example, when the object to be sandwiched is a root, the root is sandwiched between the first member and the liquid supply unit, so that the plant body is not easily detached from the culture medium. In addition, since the first member deforms at the portion where the root comes into contact with the root when the root is sandwiched, it is difficult to damage the sandwiched root, and the root can be firmly held by the continuous elasticity.

  Since the first member has a three-dimensional net shape, the first member has a structure in which a plurality of holes are opened in a surface portion, and a gap communicating with the plurality of holes is formed. With this structure, for example, roots that have grown with the growth of the planted plant can enter the pores from the holes, and the entered roots are entangled with the striatum, thereby locking the roots. Can be. Furthermore, since the first member has a three-dimensional net shape, the first member has good air permeability and liquid permeability, and can be less likely to cause root rot.

  Furthermore, since the first member has a porosity of 50% to 90%, the root is easy to enter from the hole, and the space is large enough to accept the entered root. It has a structure that promotes. On the other hand, since the first member has the above-mentioned porosity, even when the plant is pulled out, the root can be smoothly pulled out with a small resistance, and a structure in which the broken root is unlikely to remain remains. I have. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the odor and the propagation of malignant bacteria due to the decay of the remaining roots and the like, which is hygienic.

  The medium body is disposed to face the first member with the liquid supply portion interposed therebetween, and at least a portion facing the first member has a second member configured to have higher rigidity than the first member. The second member has a structure in which a portion facing the first member does not bend and deform (does not bend and deform) due to elasticity received from the first member. Thereby, the second member can support the liquid crystal part through the liquid supply part so that the above-described elasticity generated from the first member does not escape due to bending. For example, when a plant is planted, the force for holding the roots is reduced. Loosening can be suppressed.

  The casing accommodates the culture medium, and has a window that exposes the boundary region between the liquid supply unit and the first member to the outside of the surface of the culture medium, thereby accommodating the culture medium inside. In the housed state, the surface of the culture medium, which is the boundary region between the liquid supply unit and the first member, can be exposed through the window.

  As described above, the boundary region between the liquid supply unit and the first member is a boundary region between the objects to be sandwiched (for example, a plant), and the window portion is a required portion (for example, a root) of the object to be sandwiched (for example, a root). Shoots) can be exposed to the outside. The “boundary region” has a meaning including at least the boundary between the liquid supply unit and the first member, and may include the boundary and the vicinity thereof.

  In order to achieve the above object, the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention has a liquid retention property, a liquid supply part capable of exuding absorbed liquid to the outside, and is provided next to the liquid supply part and has elasticity. A three-dimensional net-like first member having a porosity of 50% to 90%, which is constituted by a set of filaments, and a first member which is disposed to face the first member with the liquid supply portion interposed therebetween; A first step of using a medium having a second member configured to have higher rigidity than the first member, and sandwiching a root of the plant between the first member and the liquid supply unit; And a second step of housing the culture medium in the casing and exposing the shoots of the plant planted in the first step to the outside through a window formed in the casing.

  Here, by including the above-described first step, a plant can be planted with the root sandwiched between the first member and the liquid supply unit. At this time, the liquid supply unit absorbs and retains nutrient solution and the like supplied from the outside in the hydroponic cultivation, and absorbs the liquid exuded from the roots by exuding the absorbed liquid to the outside. it can.

  In the first step, the first member deforms the streak of the portion in contact with the root when the root is sandwiched, so that the root is hardly damaged, and the root is firmly held by the continuous elasticity. Can be prevented from easily detaching.

  In the first step, the first member having a three-dimensional net shape has a structure in which a plurality of holes are opened in a surface portion and a void communicating with the plurality of holes is formed, and the roots elongate as the plant grows. In the method, the root that has entered the gap through the hole, and the root that has entered the striated portion is entangled with the striated portion, and locks the root. At this time, since the first member has a three-dimensional net shape, the first member has good air permeability and liquid permeability, and hardly causes root rot and the like.

  In the first step, in the first member having a porosity of 50% to 90%, roots can easily enter from the holes, and the size of the voids can sufficiently accept the entered roots, thereby promoting root growth. Is done. On the other hand, since the first member has the above-mentioned porosity, even when removing the plant body, the root can be smoothly removed with a small resistance, and the broken root is unlikely to remain. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the growth of offensive odors and malignant bacteria caused by the decay of the remaining roots, and it is possible to perform hygienic hydroponic cultivation.

  In the first step, at least a portion of the second member facing the first member does not bend and deform due to elasticity received from the first member. Accordingly, the second member supports the liquid crystal unit through the liquid supply unit so that the above-described elastic force generated from the first member does not escape due to bending, and suppresses the loosening of the force holding the root.

  In the second step, a hydroponic cultivation apparatus is configured by housing the culture medium in the casing. And, by exposing the shoot portion of the plant body planted in the first step to the outside through the window of the casing, to implement a hydroponic cultivation method in which the shoot portion which is an edible portion or an ornamental portion is exposed. Can be.

  According to the present invention, the detachment of a plant planted by sufficient retention of roots is suppressed, and a hydroponic cultivation apparatus in which when the plant is pulled out, the broken root is unlikely to remain inside, and , A hydroponic cultivation method can be provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a perspective view which shows the hydroponic cultivation apparatus (1st Embodiment) of this invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross section taken along the line AA of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 by a solid line, and an arrangement of a plant to be planted by an imaginary line. It is a disassembled perspective view of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. 3A and 3B are each an enlarged view of a first member, FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of a part of a liquid supply part, and FIG. 3C is an enlarged view of a part of a second member. It is a figure and (d) is the elements on larger scale of another embodiment (2nd embodiment) of the 1st member shown in (a). FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view of another embodiment (second embodiment) of the first member. FIG. 13A is a perspective view of another embodiment (third embodiment) of the liquid supply unit according to another embodiment or a modified example of the liquid supply unit, and FIG. It is a perspective explanatory view of a modification (modification 3-1), and (c) is a perspective explanatory view of another modification (modification 3-2) of the liquid supply part shown in (a). FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view showing another embodiment (fourth embodiment) of the second member. It is a partially expanded view of other embodiment (5th embodiment) of a casing. It is a perspective explanatory view showing the use state of the hydroponic cultivation device of the present invention. This is a hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in Patent Document 1.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. The following description is based on [first embodiment], [second embodiment], [third embodiment], [modification 3-1], [modification 3-2], [fourth embodiment]. , [Fifth Embodiment]. In addition, reference numerals in each drawing of the drawings are attached within a range that reduces complexity and facilitates understanding, and a plurality of equivalents given the same reference numeral may be given a reference numeral only to a part thereof. .

[First Embodiment]
A hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 includes a medium body 2 and a casing 3 that houses the medium body 2, and each part will be described in detail below.

(Medium body 2)
The culture medium body 2 includes a liquid supply part 21, a first member 22 provided adjacent to the liquid supply part 21, and a second member 23 disposed to face the first member 22 with the liquid supply part 21 interposed therebetween. Have.

  The liquid supply unit 21 has a liquid retaining property, and has a structure in which the absorbed liquid can seep out to the outside. In the present embodiment, the liquid supply unit 21 is formed of a nonwoven sheet (see FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 (b)), and the contact surfaces between the first member 22 and the second member 23 are substantially the same. It is formed in dimensions (see FIG. 3).

  In the present embodiment, the liquid supply unit 21 is formed of a nonwoven sheet, but is not limited thereto. For example, the liquid supply unit 21 may be a sheet or a plate having an open-cell structure. The structure, shape and dimensions are not particularly limited as long as they have properties and can absorb the absorbed liquid to the outside.

  The first member 22 is provided next to the liquid supply unit 21, is formed of a set of elastic filaments 221, has a three-dimensional net shape having a porosity of 50% to 90%, and is provided between the first member 22 and the liquid supply unit 21. It has a structure that can hold the root 41 of the plant 4 (particularly, see FIG. 2). In the present embodiment, in the first member 22, the filament 221 is formed of a flexible synthetic resin material.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although the porosity of the first member 22 is in the range of 50% to 90%, the elongated roots are easy to enter, and the roots in the voids when the plant body is pulled out. It is more preferable that the porosity is in the range of 60% to 75% as a structure that is difficult to remain after being torn.

  The second member 23 is disposed to face the first member 22 with the liquid supply unit 21 interposed therebetween, and at least a portion facing the first member 22 is configured to have higher rigidity than the first member 22. (See especially FIG. 2). In the present embodiment, the second member 23 is a rectangular cylindrical shape having a rigid plate thickness that cannot be deformed and deformed by the elastic force received from the first member 22, and is provided on all peripheral walls including a portion facing the liquid supply unit 21. This is a structure in which a root entry path 231 composed of a plurality of small holes penetrating is formed (see FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 (c), particularly, FIG. 4 (c)).

(Casing 3)
The casing 3 accommodates the culture medium 2 and is formed with a window 32 that exposes the surface of the culture medium 2, which is a region where the root 41 is to be clamped.

  In the present embodiment, the casing 3 is open at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and the same portion becomes an opening 33 at both ends. The casing 3 has a window portion 32 formed on one surface of a peripheral wall 31 provided with a watertight material, and the window portion 32 is formed at the center in the short direction of the same surface and in the longitudinal direction of the same surface. Further, the slit has a required width.

  In the present embodiment, the casing 3 is formed in a rectangular tube shape, but is not limited to this, and may be in a cylindrical shape or the like. In addition, not only a cylindrical shape but also a box shape in which both ends are not open may be used. In the case of a box shape, a submerged cultivation method in which water is always stored in the box becomes possible.

(Hydroculture method)
The hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention will be described. In addition, the following hydroponic cultivation method is performed using the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 of the above-described first embodiment, and description of each component of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 is omitted.

Hydroponics method
By taking out the culture medium 2 from the casing 3, placing the second member 23, placing the liquid supply part 21 thereon, placing the root 41 of the plant 4, and placing the first member 22 on the liquid supply part 21, Sandwich the root 41 of the plant 4 (first step),
The medium 2 sandwiching the root 41 of the plant 4 is inserted into the casing 3 from one of the both ends 33 of the casing 3 and accommodated in the casing 3, and the shoot 42 of the plant 4 is passed through the window 32 of the casing 3. Is exposed to the outside of the casing 3 (second step),
-Water, liquid fertilizer, or other liquid is supplied to the liquid supply unit 21 and absorbed.

  According to the above-described hydroponic cultivation method, the plant 4 can be planted by sandwiching the root 41 between the first member 22 and the liquid supply unit 21. From the roots 41 arranged in the vertical direction, the liquids such as water and liquid fertilizer exuded from the liquid supply unit 21 are absorbed and grown.

  In the above-mentioned hydroponic cultivation method, when the first member 22 sandwiches the root 41, the portion that comes into contact with the root 41 is deformed, so that the first member 22 is hardly damaged. Then, the root 41 firmly holds the elasticity in the direction of the liquid supply portion 21 generated when the first member 22 is restored after the deformation. As a result, the plant body 4 does not easily come off from the medium body 2 (and eventually from the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1).

  Further, the first member 22 has a three-dimensional net-like structure, a plurality of holes are opened in the surface portion, and the voids 222 communicating with the holes are formed, so that the roots 41 elongated with the growth of the plant 4 are The root 41 enters the gap 222 through the hole, and the root 41 that has entered the portion of the filament 221 is entangled, so that the root 41 is locked. At this time, since the first member 22 has a three-dimensional net-like structure and good air permeability and liquid permeability, the plant body 4 hardly causes root rot and the like.

  Since the porosity of the first member 22 is 50% to 90%, the root 41 can easily enter from the hole, and the width of the cavity 222 can sufficiently receive the entered root 41. Growth is promoted. On the other hand, since the first member 22 has the above-described porosity, the root 41 can be pulled out smoothly with a small resistance even when the plant 4 is pulled out. Hard to remain in Thereby, it is possible to suppress the growth of offensive odors and malignant bacteria caused by the decay of the remaining roots 41, and it is possible to implement hygienic hydroponic cultivation.

  The second member 23 supports the above-described elastic force generated from the first member 22 through the liquid supply portion 21 without bending and deforming due to the elastic force received from the first member 22 and suppresses the loosening of the force holding the root 41. .

  By housing the culture medium 2 in the casing 3, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 in which the plant 4 is planted is configured. According to this hydroponic cultivation method, the hydroponic cultivation of the plant body 4 can be performed in a mode in which the shoot portions 42 that are edible portions or ornamental portions are exposed.

[Second embodiment]
Please refer to FIG. The first member 22a shown in the figure is another mode (second embodiment) of the first member 22 in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1, and the differences will be described with reference to the drawings. Except for the differences described later, the structure, operation, and effect of each part are substantially the same as those of the first member 22, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  The first member 22a has a plurality of irregular loops in which the shape of the filament 221a is irregularly bent, and has a structure in which a part of the portion where the filaments 221a contact each other is joined. Due to the structure in which the filaments are joined to each other, even the irregular loop-shaped filaments are gathered in a three-dimensional net shape in which the filaments are not excessively separated.

  In the present embodiment, the first member 22a is composed of, for example, a plurality of filaments 221a mainly made of polyethylene terephthalate, and the filaments 221a generated by extrusion are irregularly formed as substantially spiral loops. Part of the entangled portions where the filaments 221a are in contact with each other is heat-bonded to form a three-dimensional net-like structure of alternating densities.

  The first member 22a has good resilience (elasticity) and water resistance because the filament 221a is mainly made of polyethylene terephthalate, and has a chemical resistance to a chemical used to grow a plant. Since it has, it can be reused even after removing the plant after the harvesting season or the like.

  In the first member 22a according to the present embodiment, the plurality of loop-shaped filaments 221a and the voids 222a formed between the filaments 221a have an irregular shape and irregular arrangement, and the entered roots are further entangled. It has a structure that is easy to come off even after it is entangled.

  On the other hand, the first member 22a has a structure in which when removing the plant body, the root can be smoothly removed with less resistance, and the broken root is less likely to remain. In addition, even if fine roots such as root hairs remain, the remaining roots can be removed by blowing air from the blower or discharging water from the nozzle, making it easy to clean before reuse and workability. Is improving.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although the polyethylene terephthalate is mentioned as a main raw material as the filament which comprises the 1st member 22a, it is not limited to this, For example, other polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. It may be formed of resin.

[Third embodiment]
Referring to FIG. The liquid supply unit 21a shown in the figure is another mode (third embodiment) of the liquid supply unit 21 in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1, and the differences will be described with reference to the drawings. Except for the differences described below, the structure, operation, and effect of each part are substantially the same as those of the liquid supply part 21, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  The liquid supply portion 21a is formed with a root passage portion 211a that penetrates in the front and back directions and into which the root can enter. Here, the “front-back direction” is an example of the “direction connecting the first member and the second member” described above. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the liquid supply portion 21a is disposed between the first member and the second member to form a culture medium, and can determine the position where the root passage portion 211a is formed. A mark portion 212a is formed.

  In the present embodiment, the root passage portion 211a is formed so as to open at an intermediate portion in the short side direction of the liquid supply portion 21a, and is disposed at a required interval along the longitudinal direction of the liquid supply portion 21a. The mark portion 212a is a tongue piece (a convex piece) formed on the longitudinal edge of the liquid supply portion 21a, and extends from the mark portion 212a toward the other longitudinal edge of the liquid supply portion 21a. The root passage portion 211a is provided on the line.

  The liquid supply part 21a is in a state (invisible state) in which the liquid supply part 21a is not directly visible because the mark part 212a is formed and the liquid supply part 21a is sandwiched between the first member and the second member. Also, the position of the root passage portion 211a can be determined without removing the first member or the second member. According to the liquid supply part 21a, the root can be accurately and quickly inserted into the position where the root passage part 211a is located by using the mark part 212a as a clue, so that the working efficiency is further improved.

  Then, the plant planted in the medium using the liquid supply part 21a has its root sandwiched between the first member and the liquid supply part 21a or between the second member and the liquid supply part 21a. Even if it is an aspect, a root can be extended widely to both a 1st member and a 2nd member through the root passage part 211a, and the effect of suppressing detachment of a plant can be further enhanced. In addition, when the roots are extended to both the first member and the second member through the root passage portion 211a, the liquid supply portion 21a is locked (trapped) by the edge portion of the root passage portion 211a. And the effect of suppressing detachment of the plant body is further enhanced.

[Modification 3-1]
Referring to FIG. The liquid supply unit 21b shown in the figure is a modified example (modified example 3-1) of the liquid supply unit 21a, and the differences will be described with reference to the drawings. Except for the differences described below, the structure, operation, and effect of each part are substantially the same as those of the liquid supply part 21a, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  In this modification, the root passage portion 211b is a short slit formed in the middle in the short direction of the liquid supply portion 21b, and is disposed at a required interval over the longitudinal direction of the liquid supply portion 21b. I have. The mark portion 212b is a V-shaped notch formed at the longitudinal edge of the liquid supply portion 21b, and extends along the extension from the mark portion 212b to the other longitudinal edge of the liquid supply portion 21b. Is provided with a root passage portion 211b.

  According to the liquid supply part 21b, since the root passage part 211b is a slit, processing is easy, and no dust is generated when the root passage part 211b is formed.

[Modification 3-2]
Referring to FIG. The liquid supply unit 21c shown in the figure is a modification (Modification 3-2) of the liquid supply unit 21a, and the differences will be described with reference to the drawings. Except for the differences described below, the structure, operation, and effect of each part are substantially the same as those of the liquid supply part 21a, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  In this modification, the root passage portion 211c is a cross-shaped slit formed in the middle in the short side direction of the liquid supply portion 21c, and is disposed at a required interval over the longitudinal direction of the liquid supply portion 21c. ing. The mark portion 212c is a colored portion formed on an edge in the longitudinal direction of the liquid supply portion 21c, and passes through the root on an extension from the mark portion 212c to the other edge in the longitudinal direction of the liquid supply portion 21c. A part 211c is provided.

  According to the liquid supply part 21c, the root passage part 211c is a cross-shaped slit, so that the processing is easy and no dust is generated when the root passage part 211c is formed. In addition, when the root is entangled with a portion of the root passage portion 211c that is substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the liquid supply portion 21c, the root is locked (trapped) at the same portion and the detachment of the plant body is suppressed. More effective.

[Fourth embodiment]
Please refer to FIG. The second member 23a shown in the figure is another aspect (fourth embodiment) of the second member 23 in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1, and the differences will be described with reference to the drawings. Except for the differences described later, the structure, operation, and effect of each part are substantially the same as those of the second member 23, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  The second member 23a has an opening 232 formed in a part of the peripheral wall. An attachment 233 is detachably attached to the opening 232. The attachment 233 has a structure having a locking claw 234 that can be locked to the peripheral wall, and a housing portion 235 that enters the internal space of the second member 23a in the attached state. The storage section 235 stores various pests (small flies, bow fins, cockroaches, ants, etc.) entering the second member 23a by storing the pest repellent and the like.

  The opening 232 may be formed at any part of the peripheral wall. However, the opening 232 is formed at a portion other than the portion forming the root entry path 231 (the portion that contacts the liquid supply unit 21) so as not to hinder the entry of the root. Preferably, there is. The pest repellent to be used is not particularly limited.For example, it is derived from natural raw materials such as extracts from tansy, pyrethrum, santrina, mint, and lemongrass, and feeds on the growth of plants and the harvested plants. Those that do not adversely affect the human body are preferred.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Referring to FIG. The casing 3a shown in the figure is another aspect (fifth embodiment) of the casing 3 in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1, and differences will be described with reference to the drawings. Except for the differences described later, the structure, operation, and effect of each part are substantially the same as those of the casing 3, and therefore description thereof is omitted.

  The casing 3a is formed of a plastic cardboard structure plate including a front liner (symbol omitted), a back liner (symbol omitted), and a corrugated core (symbol omitted) disposed between the liners. A shape similar to that of the casing 3 (having a rectangular tubular shape and having a window portion) can be formed.

  In the unfolded state of the casing 3a, four fold lines 314a and 314b are formed in a longitudinal direction (a direction intersecting with the core wave), and the fold lines 314a and 314b are parallel to each other. The fold lines 314a and 314b are formed by cutting the front liner and the core, and are provided so that portions of the remaining back liner located on both sides of the fold lines 314a and 314b do not separate.

  The region between the two fold lines 314a located on the inside constitutes the substrate portion 311. Each region between each fold line 314a and the two fold lines 314b formed outside the respective fold lines 314a is formed. The region constitutes a side plate portion 312 connected to the substrate portion 311 at right angles. Each area between each fold line 314b and the outer edge in the longitudinal direction of the casing 3a constitutes a short flap plate portion 313.

  The casing 3a is folded and assembled so that the back liner is on the inside, and a gap is formed between the leading edges of the flap plates 313 in the assembled state, and this gap becomes the window 32a.

  Then, the casing 3a passes the string-like body 34 passed through the center hole of each flap plate portion 313 so that the window portion 32a has a width larger than a required width so that the rectangular tube shape does not collapse due to elasticity caused by the forming material. Knot not open and keep shape. In addition, the hole of the center core was opened by assembling such that the folding lines 314a and 314b face the outside of the casing 3a. In the present embodiment, as the cord-like body 34, a cable tie (a binding band made of nylon) or a tying cord containing a wire is preferably used from the viewpoint of good workability, but is not limited thereto. For example, it may be a simple string or the like.

  According to the casing 3a, since it has a hollow structure, the weight can be reduced as compared with the casing 3 which is a solid plate. Since the casing 3a has a structure that can be deployed, the casing 3a can be flattened during storage or transportation so as not to be bulky. Further, the casing 3a is relatively inexpensive in material and easy to process, thereby contributing to a reduction in manufacturing cost.

  Although the casing 3a is inferior in rigidity to the casing 3 due to its structure, the rigidity is complemented from the inside of the casing 3a by including the second member 23 having rigidity. Is secured.

  Please refer to FIG. FIG. 1 shows an example of a usage state of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1, and shows a hydroponic cultivation unit 5 using a plurality of hydroponic cultivation apparatuses 1.

  The hydroponic cultivation unit 5 has the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 arranged in a vertical arrangement, and a fixed portion 51 provided also below the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 and serving as a water receiver, and disposed above the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1. A liquid supply unit 52 for supplying a liquid to the liquid supply unit of the culture medium; and a pump P used for sending the liquid supplied to the liquid supply unit 52.

  Since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 is arranged vertically, by supplying the liquid from the liquid supply unit 52 to the liquid supply unit of the culture medium, the liquid spreads from above to below the liquid supply unit, and the planted plant The liquid can be applied to the body 4 evenly.

  The surplus of the liquid supplied to the liquid supply unit can be received by the fixing unit 51, so that the periphery of the hydroponic cultivation unit 5 is not stained. The liquid received by the fixing portion 51 may be drained to the outside, or may be reused by filling and circulating (liquid circulation type) or the like.

  In addition, when the hydroponic cultivation unit is a liquid circulation type, in addition to the above configuration, a liquid flow passage provided between the fixed portion and the liquid supply portion is provided, and the above-described pump is used for liquid circulation. Good.

  The hydroponic cultivation unit 5 has the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 arranged vertically, which contributes to space saving of the installation area. In the hydroponic cultivation unit 5, the plant 4 is planted in the vertically arranged hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1. However, since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 firmly holds the roots, the planted plant is planted. 4 does not come off easily. In other words, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 has a structure suitable for use in a vertical arrangement.

  In FIG. 9, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 is used in a vertical arrangement. However, the invention is not limited to this. For example, the apparatus can be used in a horizontal arrangement. As a usage mode in the horizontal arrangement, for example, a mode in which the window portion is directed upward and a plurality of hydroponic cultivation devices 1 are arranged in a horizontal direction, or the window portion is directed sideways, and the hydroponic cultivation device 1 is A mode in which a plurality of layers are arranged in the height direction and arranged may be mentioned.

  The terms and expressions used in the specification and claims are merely illustrative, not restrictive, and are not intended to limit the features and features described in the specification and claims. There is no intention to exclude equivalent terms or expressions. It goes without saying that various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Also, the terms first, second, etc. do not imply grade or importance, but are used to distinguish one element from another.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydroponic cultivation apparatus 2 Medium body 21, 21a, 21b, 21c Liquid supply part 211a, 211b, 211c Root passage part 212a, 212b, 212c Mark part 22, 22a, 1st member 221, 221a Striation 222, 222a Gap 23 , 23a Second member 231 Root entry path 232 Opening 233 Attachment 234 Locking claw 235 Housing 3,3a Casing 31 Peripheral wall 311 Board 312 Side plate 313 Flap plate 314a, 314b Folding line 32, 32a Window 33 Both ends open Part 34 string body 4 plant 41 root 42 shoot part 5 hydroponic cultivation unit 51 fixing part 52 liquid supply part P pump 9 plant cultivation device 91 nutrient solution pipe 92 plant pipe 93 growing light source 94 branch pipe

Claims (7)

A liquid supply part having a liquid retaining property and capable of oozing out the absorbed liquid to the outside, and a porosity of 50% to 90%, which is constituted by a set of elastic filaments adjacent to the liquid supply part. A first member capable of sandwiching the roots of the plant with the liquid supply portion, and a first member disposed to face the first member with the liquid supply portion interposed therebetween; A medium body having a second member configured so that the portion facing the first member has higher rigidity than the first member;
A hydroponic cultivation apparatus comprising: a casing that accommodates the medium body and has a window that exposes a surface of a portion to be a region to be sandwiched between the roots in the accommodated medium body. The first member has a plurality of irregular loops in which the shape of the filaments is irregularly bent, and has a structure in which a part of a portion where the filaments contact each other is joined. 3. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1. The said 2nd member is a substantially cylindrical shape, The structure which the root approach path which consists of several small holes penetrated inside and outside was formed in the part facing the said liquid supply part at least of the peripheral wall. 3. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to 2. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the liquid supply unit has a structure that communicates between the first member and the second member and has a root passage portion through which the root can enter. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the liquid supply unit has a structure that includes a mark unit that can determine a position of the root passage unit. A liquid supply part having a liquid retaining property and capable of oozing out the absorbed liquid to the outside, and a porosity of 50% to 90%, which is constituted by a set of elastic filaments adjacent to the liquid supply part. And a first member having a three-dimensional net-like shape, and the first member is disposed to face the first member with the liquid supply portion interposed therebetween, and at least a portion facing the first member has higher rigidity than the first member. A medium body having a second member configured in
A hydroponic cultivation apparatus comprising: a casing that accommodates the culture medium body and that has a window formed on a surface of the culture medium body and that exposes a boundary region between the liquid supply unit and the first member. A liquid supply part having a liquid retaining property and capable of oozing out the absorbed liquid to the outside, and a porosity of 50% to 90%, which is constituted by a set of elastic filaments adjacent to the liquid supply part. And a first member having a three-dimensional net-like shape, and the first member is disposed to face the first member with the liquid supply portion interposed therebetween, and at least a portion facing the first member has higher rigidity than the first member. A first step of using a medium having a second member configured as described above, and causing a root of a plant body to be sandwiched between the first member and the liquid supply unit;
A second step of housing the medium in a casing and exposing the shoots of the plant planted in the first step to the outside through a window formed in the casing.

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