JP6622958B2 - Circulating water treatment method - Google Patents
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- JP6622958B2 JP6622958B2 JP2014248773A JP2014248773A JP6622958B2 JP 6622958 B2 JP6622958 B2 JP 6622958B2 JP 2014248773 A JP2014248773 A JP 2014248773A JP 2014248773 A JP2014248773 A JP 2014248773A JP 6622958 B2 JP6622958 B2 JP 6622958B2
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- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Description
本発明は、冷却塔（クーリングタワー）等の開放系で水を循環する設備用の循環水に含まれる有機物を分解処理することで循環水の透明性、冷却効率を維持することを目的とした循環水の好気性処理方法に関する。 The present invention aims to maintain the transparency and cooling efficiency of circulating water by decomposing organic substances contained in circulating water for facilities that circulate water in an open system such as a cooling tower (cooling tower). The present invention relates to an aerobic treatment method for water.
冷却塔（クーリングタワー）等の工業用冷却水等の開放系で水を循環する設備は、外気から循環水へ微生物が混入するため、微生物の分泌する成分が管壁に付着してスライムを形成したり、循環水に藻が発生したり、臭いが発生したり、濁ったりしてくる。そのため、配管の閉鎖現象を起こしたり、循環水の熱効率が低下したり、不衛生な循環水が飛散したりするなど問題になっている。それを防止するために、例えば次亜塩素酸ナトリウム等の薬剤を定期的に投入して、藻の発生を抑えたりしている。しかし、大規模な設備になると大量の薬剤が必要になり、また処理した後の循環水中に薬剤により死滅した微生物が汚泥となってしまい、循環水の透明性が悪くなったり、沈殿物になったりするなどの問題を起こしている。
そこで、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム以外の処理方法として、特許文献１にはヒドラジンを用いた微生物の増殖抑制方法、特許文献２には水溶性陽イオン性ポリマー等のポリマーによる開放型冷却塔等の水処理方法等の処理方法が知られている。また、活性汚泥処理機能を備えた工業用冷却塔（特許文献３）も知られている。
しかし、最近は安全性への関心が高まり、強い薬効の薬剤を用い難い状況になっているため、より安全な処理方法が必要になってきている。
Equipment that circulates water in an open system such as industrial cooling water such as a cooling tower (cooling tower) mixes microorganisms from the outside air into the circulating water, so the components secreted by the microorganisms adhere to the tube wall and form slime. Or algae are generated in the circulating water, smells are generated, or it becomes cloudy. For this reason, problems such as a piping closing phenomenon, a decrease in thermal efficiency of the circulating water, and unsanitary circulating water scattering. In order to prevent this, for example, a chemical such as sodium hypochlorite is periodically added to suppress the generation of algae. However, a large-scale facility requires a large amount of chemicals, and microorganisms killed by the chemicals in the circulating water after treatment become sludge, resulting in poor transparency of the circulating water and precipitation. Or other problems.
Therefore, as a treatment method other than sodium hypochlorite, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of inhibiting microbial growth using hydrazine, and Patent Document 2 discloses water such as an open cooling tower using a polymer such as a water-soluble cationic polymer. Processing methods such as processing methods are known. An industrial cooling tower (Patent Document 3) having an activated sludge treatment function is also known.
However, recently, interest in safety has increased, and it has become difficult to use drugs with strong medicinal properties, so a safer treatment method has become necessary.
本発明は、冷却塔（クーリングタワー）等の工業用冷却水等の開放系循環水のような大量の媒体中の有機物、微生物を経済的にかつ効率的に分解、除去、生育の抑制、発生防止をする方法を提供することを課題とする。また、それにより循環水の透明性、冷却効率を維持し、装置の配管閉塞、汚泥沈殿を防止する方法を提供することを課題とする。 The present invention economically and efficiently decomposes, removes, suppresses growth and prevents generation of organic substances and microorganisms in a large amount of medium such as open circulating water such as industrial cooling water such as cooling towers (cooling towers). It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for performing the above. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for maintaining the transparency and cooling efficiency of circulating water, thereby preventing the clogging of equipment piping and sludge sedimentation.
本発明者らは、冷却塔等の水を循環する装置において、循環水に定期的に好気性微生物及び酵素を投入することで、循環水の透明性が改善することを見出し、本発明を完成した。
すなわち、
（１）開放系で水を循環する設備において、好気性微生物及び酵素を用いることを特徴とする循環水の好気性処理方法であり、また、（２）好気性微生物及び酵素を同時に添加することを特徴とする上記（１）記載の循環水の好気性処理方法である。また、（３）好気性微生物を培養して得られる培養物を用いることを特徴とする上記（２）記載の好気性処理方法であり、（４）好気性微生物と酵素を含む製剤を用いることを特徴とする上記（２）記載の好気性処理方法である。さらに（５）好気性微生物が枯草菌であることを特徴とする上記（１）〜（４）のいずれかに記載の好気性処理方法である。さらに、（６）上記（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載の方法を含む、循環水中における微生物の除去、生育の抑制、または発生の防止をする方法であり、（７）上記（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載の方法を含む、循環水中の透明性を維持する方法であり、（８）上記（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載の方法を含む、循環水が流通する装置の配管閉塞を防止する方法であり、（９）上記（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載の方法を含む、汚泥の蓄積量を減少させる方法であり、（１０）上記（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載の方法を含む、循環水水面の発泡及び／またはスカムの発生を抑制する方法である。
The present inventors have found that in a device for circulating water such as a cooling tower, the transparency of the circulating water is improved by periodically introducing aerobic microorganisms and enzymes into the circulating water, and the present invention has been completed. did.
That is,
(1) An aerobic treatment method for circulating water characterized by using aerobic microorganisms and enzymes in an open system for circulating water, and (2) adding aerobic microorganisms and enzymes simultaneously. The method for aerobic treatment of circulating water as described in (1) above. (3) The aerobic treatment method according to (2) above, wherein a culture obtained by culturing aerobic microorganisms is used, and (4) a preparation containing an aerobic microorganism and an enzyme is used. (2) The aerobic treatment method according to (2) above. (5) The aerobic treatment method according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the aerobic microorganism is Bacillus subtilis. (6) A method for removing microorganisms in circulating water, suppressing growth, or preventing generation, comprising the method according to any one of (1) to (5), and (7) (1) ) To maintain the transparency in the circulating water, including the method according to any one of (5) to (5), and (8) the circulating water including the method according to any one of (1) to (5) above (9) A method for reducing the amount of accumulated sludge, including the method according to any one of (1) to (5), and (10) the above (1) It is a method of suppressing foaming of a circulating water surface and / or generation | occurrence | production of a scum including the method in any one of (5).
本発明は、冷却塔（クーリングタワー）等の工業用冷却水等の開放系循環水に定期的に好気性微生物及び酵素を投入することで、塩素系薬剤等の薬剤を使用した場合に起こった装置の腐食が起こらず、また、塩素系薬剤等の薬剤が飛散されないこと、循環水の腐敗等が抑えられ、循環水の透明性が維持され、又は塩素系薬剤等の薬剤を使用した場合よりも透明性が改善され、さらにクーリングタワー等の冷却塔の底部に蓄積する汚泥の量が軽減され、循環水水面における発泡やスカムの発生が抑制される方法を提供する。 The present invention is an apparatus that occurs when chemicals such as chlorinated chemicals are used by periodically injecting aerobic microorganisms and enzymes into open circulating water such as industrial cooling water such as cooling towers. Corrosion does not occur, chemicals such as chlorinated chemicals are not scattered, the decay of circulating water is suppressed, the transparency of circulating water is maintained, or compared with the case where chemicals such as chlorinated chemicals are used Provided is a method in which the transparency is improved, the amount of sludge accumulated at the bottom of a cooling tower such as a cooling tower is reduced, and foaming and scum generation on the circulating water surface are suppressed.
冷却塔（クーリングタワー）等の工業用冷却水等の開放系循環水は、外気と接触しているため、様々な有機物や無機物が混入する。さらに微生物等の生物も混入するため、徐々に微生物により循環水が腐敗したり、藻が発生したりして水質が悪化する等の問題がある。これらの改善方法としては、循環水に次亜塩素酸ナトリウム等の薬剤を投入して、原因である微生物等の生物を死滅させる方法がとられている。しかし、そうすると薬剤によって死滅した生物が腐敗して、循環水に溶解し、これが微生物等の養分になり、また循環水は常に外気と接触しているため、新たな有機物等の混入と、死滅した生物からの有機物によって、循環水の養分は徐々に高くなり、気温上昇等の要因によって一気に藻が発生することで、薬剤では抑えきれなくなる程度に水質が悪化してしまうような問題があった。 Since open system circulating water such as industrial cooling water such as a cooling tower (cooling tower) is in contact with outside air, various organic and inorganic substances are mixed therein. Furthermore, since organisms such as microorganisms are also mixed, there is a problem that the water quality deteriorates due to the gradual decay of circulating water by the microorganisms or the generation of algae. As these improvement methods, a method is adopted in which a chemical such as sodium hypochlorite is added to circulating water to kill organisms such as microorganisms. However, the organisms killed by the drugs decay and dissolve in the circulating water, which becomes nutrients for microorganisms, and the circulating water is always in contact with the outside air. The organic matter from the living organisms gradually increases the nutrient content of the circulating water, and algae are generated at a stretch due to factors such as a rise in temperature, resulting in a problem that the water quality deteriorates to such an extent that it cannot be suppressed by drugs.
本発明はこのようなサイクルによる循環水の水質維持方法ではなく、好気性微生物及び酵素による処理が冷却塔等の循環水の水質保全に良好であることを見出して本発明に達した。 The present invention is not a method for maintaining the quality of circulating water by such a cycle, but has found that the treatment with aerobic microorganisms and enzymes is good for preserving the quality of circulating water such as cooling towers.
本発明の好気性微生物及び酵素による処理により、循環水中の有機物を好気性微生物による酵素又は酵素剤によって分解し、分解した有機物は好気性微生物によって代謝され、結果として二酸化炭素として系外に排出されていくことになる。そのため、循環水から炭素源を減少させることができる。また、同時に循環水の有機物が減少するため外気から混入した微生物の繁殖を抑えることもできる。
同様の処理方法は、例えば、活性汚泥の処理方法でも利用されている。しかし、活性汚泥は十分な養分を含有する状態であるため、微生物の増殖が活発であるが、冷却塔等の循環水には増殖に十分な養分を含有していないため、微生物のみの処理では微生物が増殖せずに、結果として循環水の品質を維持することも改善することも困難である。そのため、好気性微生物及び酵素による処理は、好気性微生物と酵素をほぼ同時期に用いる必要がある。そうすることで、投入直後であっても酵素によって有機物を速やかに分解することになり、好気性微生物の増殖を促進することができる。
By the treatment with the aerobic microorganism and the enzyme of the present invention, the organic matter in the circulating water is decomposed by the enzyme or the enzyme agent by the aerobic microorganism. It will follow. Therefore, a carbon source can be reduced from circulating water. At the same time, since organic substances in the circulating water are reduced, it is possible to suppress the growth of microorganisms mixed from outside air.
A similar treatment method is used, for example, in the activated sludge treatment method. However, activated sludge is in a state containing sufficient nutrients, so that the growth of microorganisms is active. However, circulating water such as cooling towers does not contain sufficient nutrients for growth, so treatment with microorganisms alone is not possible. It is difficult to maintain and improve the quality of the circulating water as a result of the microorganisms not growing. Therefore, the treatment with aerobic microorganisms and enzymes needs to use aerobic microorganisms and enzymes almost simultaneously. By doing so, even immediately after charging, the organic matter is rapidly decomposed by the enzyme, and the growth of aerobic microorganisms can be promoted.
投入方法は、好気性微生物と酵素を同時に投入してもよく、また、別々に投入しても良いが、同時に投入した方が良い。また、好気性微生物の培養物を用いることで、好気性微生物と酵素を同時に用いることができる。 As the charging method, the aerobic microorganism and the enzyme may be charged simultaneously, or may be charged separately, but it is better to add them simultaneously. Moreover, an aerobic microorganism and an enzyme can be used simultaneously by using the culture of an aerobic microorganism.
（好気性処理）
好気性処理とは、溶存酸素の存在のもとに、さまざまな好気性微生物が関与して、有機性物質、アンモニア性窒素、臭気などを酸化分解し、除去する方法のことである。
(Aerobic treatment)
Aerobic treatment is a method in which various aerobic microorganisms are involved in the presence of dissolved oxygen to oxidatively decompose and remove organic substances, ammoniacal nitrogen, odors and the like.
（開放系で水を循環する設備）
本発明に使用される開放系で水を循環する設備とは具体的に冷却塔（クーリングタワー）が挙げられ、水の蒸発熱等を利用して冷却する設備のことであり、例えば、工場のプラントで使用する循環水を冷却する設備、ビルやデパート等のクーラー等に用いる循環水を冷却する設備等である。また、循環水自体にファンを使って外気を直接接触させて蒸発させて冷却するタイプ（開放式）や、ファンで冷却される水と循環水とが分離していて、熱交換器等で熱交換して冷却するタイプ（密閉式）等がある。本発明で単に循環水として記載するものは、ファン等で冷却された循環水であり、外気と接触している循環水を指し示す。
また、冷却塔と同様に開放系で水を循環する設備としては、公園、広場等にある噴水等の設備、遊技場、エンターテイメント施設等にある池、水路、アトラクション用プール状設備等の設備を例示することができる。
(Equipment for circulating water in an open system)
The facility for circulating water in the open system used in the present invention specifically includes a cooling tower (cooling tower), which is a facility for cooling using the evaporation heat of water or the like. Equipment for cooling the circulating water used in the building, equipment for cooling the circulating water used for coolers of buildings and department stores, and the like. In addition, the circulating water itself is brought into direct contact with the outside air by evaporation and cooled by evaporating (open type), or the water cooled by the fan and the circulating water are separated and heated by a heat exchanger or the like. There is a type to be replaced and cooled (sealed). What is simply described as circulating water in the present invention is circulating water cooled by a fan or the like, and indicates circulating water in contact with outside air.
In addition, as with cooling towers, equipment that circulates water in an open system includes facilities such as fountains in parks and open spaces, ponds in playgrounds and entertainment facilities, waterways, and pool facilities for attractions. It can be illustrated.
（好気性微生物、好気性菌）
本発明における好気性微生物としては、通気培養で増殖しうるものであればバクテリア、カビ、酵母等どのような微生物でも使用することができる。また、これら微生物は混合菌として用いてもよい。これら微生物の内でも、増殖速度が速く、菌体外酵素、特に有機物の分解酵素を多量に生産する微生物が好ましく、かかる微生物として、例えば枯草菌（Bacillus subtilis）、ズーグレア等の活性汚泥菌、原水に油分が多い場合は油分解菌、原水に難分解性物質が多い場合は種々の難分解性物質分解菌等を例示することができる。また、以下のように分類して例示することもできる。
好気性微生物として、
大腸菌等の大腸菌属、アクロモバクター属、アルカリゲネス属、シュードモナス属等のグラム陰性菌、
枯草菌等のバチルス属、乳酸菌等の乳酸桿菌属、連鎖球菌属、ブドウ球菌属、ロイコノストック属、ベディオコッカス属等のグラム陽性菌、
サッカロミセス属等の酵母菌、
麹菌等
を例示することができる。
さらに商品名として、ミタゲンシリーズ（ミタゲンＢ、ミタゲンアンサー等）（東和酵素株式会社製）、サナシリーズ（株式会社サナ社製）、オーレス（株式会社松本微生物研究所製）、ハイポルカ（四国化成工業株式会社製）、ビーナス（日産化学工業株式会社製）、ＭＣシリーズ（星光ＰＭＣ株式会社製）、活性クリーンチーム（旭化成クリーン化学株式会社製）、エルビック（日の出産業株式会社製）等を例示することができる。
なお、好気性菌は好気性微生物と同義として用いることができる。
(Aerobic microorganisms, aerobic bacteria)
As the aerobic microorganism in the present invention, any microorganisms such as bacteria, molds and yeasts can be used as long as they can grow by aeration culture. These microorganisms may be used as mixed bacteria. Among these microorganisms, microorganisms that have a high growth rate and produce a large amount of extracellular enzymes, particularly organic enzyme-degrading enzymes, are preferable. In the case where the oil content is large, oil-degrading bacteria can be exemplified, and in the case where the raw water contains many persistent substances, various persistent substance-degrading bacteria can be exemplified. Moreover, it can also classify | categorize and illustrate as follows.
As aerobic microorganisms,
Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli such as Escherichia coli, Achromobacter, Alkagenes, Pseudomonas,
Gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus genus such as Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus genus such as lactic acid bacteria, Streptococcus genus, Staphylococcus genus, Leuconostoc genus, Bediococcus genus,
Yeasts such as Saccharomyces,
Examples include koji molds.
In addition, as product names, Mitagen series (Mitagen B, Mitagen answer, etc.) (Towa Enzyme Co., Ltd.), Sana series (Sana Co., Ltd.), Aureth (Matsumoto Microbiology Laboratory Co., Ltd.), Hypolka (Shikoku Chemicals) Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Venus (Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd.), MC Series (Seiko PMC Co., Ltd.), Active Clean Team (Asahi Kasei Clean Chemical Co., Ltd.), Erbic (Hinode Sangyo Co., Ltd.), etc. be able to.
Aerobic bacteria can be used synonymously with aerobic microorganisms.
（酵素）
本発明において酵素とは、循環水中の有機物を分解できる有機物分解性酵素をいい、好ましくはアミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ、セルラーゼ、リパーゼ等を挙げることができる。それらの酵素の１種又は２種以上を使用することができる。
これらの酵素は天然植物を本発明で使用する好気性微生物で醗酵させて得られるものでもあるため、好気性微生物の培養物をそのまま用いてもよい。また、他の微生物の培養物由来のものであってもよく、あるいは植物等から抽出したものでもよいが、単離・精製したものである必要はなく混合物でよい。
(enzyme)
In the present invention, the enzyme refers to an organic substance-degrading enzyme capable of decomposing organic substances in circulating water, and preferably includes amylase, protease, cellulase, lipase and the like. One or more of these enzymes can be used.
Since these enzymes are also obtained by fermenting natural plants with aerobic microorganisms used in the present invention, cultures of aerobic microorganisms may be used as they are. Further, it may be derived from a culture of other microorganisms or may be extracted from a plant or the like, but it need not be isolated and purified, and may be a mixture.
（好気性微生物の培養物）
好気性微生物の培養物は、天然植物を好気性微生物で醗酵させて得られるものである。天然植物としては、例えば、もろこし粉、小麦粉、ふすま、大豆かす、米ぬか等の穀類又は穀類から得られるものを用いることができる。また、醗酵させる場合においては、リン酸二水素アンモニウム等のリン酸塩や炭酸カルシウム等の無機塩を添加することができる。
培養方法は特に限定されるものではないが、培養タンクで培養する方がよい。
好気性微生物の培養物に含まれる菌体数は、本発明の優れた効果を得る上では多いほど好ましいが、通常１×１０３〜２×１０１１個／ｇ、好ましくは１×１０８〜２×１０１１個／ｇ、より好ましくは１×１０９〜２×１０１１個／ｇである。好気性微生物として枯草菌を使用する場合には培養することによって菌体数１０９個／ｇ以上の培養物を得ることができる。また培養物にはアミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ、セルラーゼ、リパーゼ等の有機物分解性酵素を培養物中に例えばα−アミラーゼであれば１０００μｇ／ｇ〜８０００μｇ／ｇ、プロテアーゼであれば５００μｇ／ｇ〜４０００μｇ／ｇを含んでいる。
(Aerobic microorganism culture)
An aerobic microorganism culture is obtained by fermenting a natural plant with an aerobic microorganism. As the natural plant, for example, corn flour such as corn flour, wheat flour, bran, soybean meal, rice bran or the like can be used. Moreover, when making it ferment, inorganic salts, such as phosphates and calcium carbonate, such as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, can be added.
The culture method is not particularly limited, but it is better to culture in a culture tank.
The number of cells contained in the aerobic microorganism culture is preferably as many as possible in order to obtain the excellent effects of the present invention, but is usually 1 × 10 3 to 2 × 10 11 cells / g, preferably 1 × 10 8 to 2 × 10 11 pieces / g, more preferably 1 × 10 9 to 2 × 10 11 pieces / g. When Bacillus subtilis is used as the aerobic microorganism, a culture having 10 9 cells / g or more can be obtained by culturing. In the culture, an organic substance-degrading enzyme such as amylase, protease, cellulase or lipase is added in the culture, for example, 1000 μg / g to 8000 μg / g for α-amylase, and 500 μg / g to 4000 μg / g for protease. Contains.
（培養タンク）
本発明において用いられる培養タンクは、好気性微生物を培養しうるものであれば通気回分式、通気連続式、通気半連続式等どのようなものでもよいが、好気性微生物を連続的に培養することができる通気連続培養方式の培養タンクが望ましい。該通気連続培養方式の培養タンクは、処理施設の送気配管より分岐した通気管及び曝気ブロアーや水中曝気レーターを備えており、この他曝気量が調節可能な通気装置や、細かい気泡で全面曝気ができ、通気量に見合ったディフィーザー、散気管等の散気装置が設けられている。また、必要に応じて、通気撹拌装置を備えた培養タンクとすることもできる。
(Culture tank)
The culture tank used in the present invention may be any type such as aeration batch type, continuous aeration type, and semi-aerated type as long as it can cultivate aerobic microorganisms. An aerated continuous culture tank that can be used is desirable. The aeration continuous culture tank is equipped with an aeration pipe, an aeration blower and an underwater aerator that are branched from the air supply pipe of the treatment facility. A diffuser, such as a diffuser or a diffuser tube, that is suitable for the air flow rate is provided. Moreover, it can also be set as the culture tank provided with the aeration stirring apparatus as needed.
（酵素・微生物製剤）
本発明では、好気性微生物と酵素を含む製剤を用いることができる。
前記の好気性微生物と前記の酵素を含んでいればよく、天然植物を好気性微生物で醗酵させて得られる培養物をそのまま用いる場合、該培養物は微生物と各種酵素を共に含むことから、酵素・微生物製剤ということができ、好ましく用いることができる。または、市販品の酵素・微生物製剤を用いることもできる。
例えば「ミタゲン」（登録商標：東和酵素株式会社製）を好ましくあげることができる。ミタゲンは穀類等の天然植物を枯草菌で発酵させた乾燥粉粒を主体とした１ｇ中に１０億個以上の好気性菌と培養過程で生産された諸酵素（アミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ、リパーゼ、セルラーゼ等）が配合されている製剤である。
(Enzyme / microbe preparation)
In the present invention, a preparation containing an aerobic microorganism and an enzyme can be used.
When the culture obtained by fermenting a natural plant with an aerobic microorganism is used as it is as long as it contains the aerobic microorganism and the enzyme, the culture contains both the microorganism and various enzymes. -It can be called a microbial preparation and can be preferably used. Alternatively, commercially available enzyme / microbial preparations can also be used.
For example, “Mitagen” (registered trademark: manufactured by Towa Enzyme Co., Ltd.) can be preferably mentioned. Mitagen is more than 1 billion aerobic bacteria per gram mainly composed of dried powder obtained by fermenting natural plants such as cereals with Bacillus subtilis and various enzymes produced in the culture process (amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, etc.) ).
（実施形態）
好気性微生物又は好気性微生物の培養物の投入量は、本発明の効果が得られる量であれば特に制限されない。好気性微生物の個数としては循環水１ｍ３当たり、１×１０１０〜１×１０１３個、好ましくは、１×１０１１〜５×１０１２個である。
(Embodiment)
The input amount of the aerobic microorganism or the aerobic microorganism culture is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is obtained. The number of aerobic microorganisms is 1 × 10 10 to 1 × 10 13 , preferably 1 × 10 11 to 5 × 10 12 per 1 m 3 of circulating water.
酵素の投入量は、本発明の効果が得られる量であれば特に制限されない。酵素の投入量は、循環水１ｍ３当たり、０．１〜１００ｇが好ましく、０．５〜１０ｇがより好ましい。また酵素と好気性微生物又は好気性微生物の培養物との合計量で、冷却塔１基当たり１ｋｇ以上が好ましく、３ｋｇから１０ｋｇがより好ましい。 The input amount of the enzyme is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is obtained. The input amount of the enzyme is preferably 0.1 to 100 g, more preferably 0.5 to 10 g per 1 m 3 of circulating water. The total amount of the enzyme and the aerobic microorganism or the aerobic microorganism culture is preferably 1 kg or more per cooling tower, more preferably 3 kg to 10 kg.
循環水に好気性微生物や酵素等を添加する方法は特に制限されない。例えば、循環水中、または処理槽内に一定量の好気性微生物等を定期的に直接添加する方法や、循環水が循環する経路（循環水系）に薬剤添加部を設け、そこから好気性微生物等の一定量を添加する方法等が挙げられる。添加の頻度は、好ましくは３ヶ月に１回以上、より好ましくは１ヶ月に１回以上である。 The method for adding aerobic microorganisms, enzymes and the like to the circulating water is not particularly limited. For example, a method of periodically adding a certain amount of aerobic microorganisms or the like directly into circulating water or a treatment tank, or a chemical addition unit is provided in a path (circulating water system) through which the circulating water circulates, from which aerobic microorganisms, etc. The method etc. which add a fixed quantity of are mentioned. The frequency of addition is preferably at least once every three months, more preferably at least once a month.
投入方法は、好気性微生物と酵素を同時に投入してもよく、また、別々に投入しても良いが、同時に投入した方が良い。また、好気性微生物の培養物や酵素・微生物製剤を用いる場合は、好気性微生物と酵素を同時に用いることができる。 As the charging method, the aerobic microorganism and the enzyme may be charged simultaneously, or may be charged separately, but it is better to add them simultaneously. In the case of using an aerobic microorganism culture or an enzyme / microorganism preparation, the aerobic microorganism and the enzyme can be used simultaneously.
例えば、クーリングタワー等の冷却塔の循環水を溜めている設備に、循環水４０００ｍ３に対して、例えばミタゲン等の酵素・微生物製剤を５〜２０ｋｇを約１ヶ月に１回投入する。冷却塔が稼動していれば、循環水が循環し、それにより該製剤を攪拌および拡散することができる。 For example, 5 to 20 kg of an enzyme / microbe preparation such as mitagen is introduced about once a month to 4000 m 3 of circulating water in a facility that collects circulating water of a cooling tower such as a cooling tower. If the cooling tower is in operation, the circulating water circulates, whereby the formulation can be stirred and diffused.
本発明は、必要に応じて他の薬剤を投入することができる。他の製剤としては次亜塩素酸ナトリウム等の防藻剤を投入することができる。他の製剤が次亜塩素酸ナトリウムのように殺菌性を有している場合は、その濃度を０．０００１〜０．３ｐｐｍに制御した方が好ましい。 In the present invention, other drugs can be introduced as necessary. As other preparations, an algae such as sodium hypochlorite can be introduced. When other preparations have bactericidal properties such as sodium hypochlorite, it is preferable to control the concentration to 0.0001 to 0.3 ppm.
本発明の処理方法により、冷却塔等の設備の循環水のＢＯＤ、透明性等を良好に維持することができ、一般的な処理方法である次亜塩素酸ナトリウムのみによる処理方法よりも透明性が向上する。 By the treatment method of the present invention, the BOD of the circulating water of the equipment such as the cooling tower, transparency, etc. can be maintained well, and it is more transparent than the treatment method using only sodium hypochlorite, which is a general treatment method. Will improve.
また本発明の処理方法により、循環水中における微生物の除去、生育の抑制、または発生の防止をすることができる。この対象微生物は特に限定されないが、顕著な効果としては、藻の除去、生育の抑制または発生の防止に、本発明の処理方法を使用することができる。前記の藻としては、毒性を有する藍藻類であるアオコ類、より具体的にはミクロキスティス属の藻を対象とすることが好ましい。
また、レジオネラ属細菌の除去、生育の抑制または発生の防止に、本発明の処理方法を使用することも好ましい。レジオネラ属細菌は、冷却塔で繁殖し空気中に飛散することで人間に感染し重篤な肺炎を引き起こすことがあるため問題となっている。レジオネラ属細菌はその他の微生物が繁殖しスライム等が多く発生する条件で特に繁殖しやすいが、本発明の処理方法によりこのような条件になることを予防することができる。
In addition, the treatment method of the present invention can remove microorganisms in the circulating water, inhibit growth, or prevent generation. Although the target microorganism is not particularly limited, as a remarkable effect, the treatment method of the present invention can be used for removing algae, suppressing growth, or preventing generation. As the algae, it is preferable to target algae that are toxic cyanobacteria, more specifically, a microcystis algae.
It is also preferable to use the treatment method of the present invention for removing Legionella bacteria, suppressing growth or preventing generation. Legionella bacteria are problematic because they can infect humans and cause severe pneumonia by propagating in the cooling tower and scattered in the air. Legionella bacteria are particularly likely to reproduce under conditions where other microorganisms propagate and a large amount of slime or the like is generated. However, such a condition can be prevented by the treatment method of the present invention.
さらに、本発明の処理方法により、循環水が流通する装置の配管における閉塞を防止すること、汚泥の蓄積量を減少させること、また循環水水面における発泡やスカムの発生を抑制することができる。
特に、冷却塔の循環水においては激しい攪拌が行われるため発泡しやすく、微生物成分等の影響で気泡が容易に消滅せず残留することが多い。また気泡の影響により、循環水表面にスカムが発生することも多い。気泡が多量に残留すると、循環ポンプでエア噛みが生じ、正常に作動しなくなるおそれもある。本発明の処理方法によれば、これらの気泡による悪影響を防止することができる。
Furthermore, according to the treatment method of the present invention, it is possible to prevent clogging in the piping of the apparatus through which the circulating water circulates, reduce the amount of accumulated sludge, and suppress the generation of foaming and scum on the circulating water surface.
In particular, in the circulating water of the cooling tower, since vigorous stirring is performed, foaming tends to occur, and bubbles often remain without disappearing easily due to the influence of microbial components and the like. In addition, scum is often generated on the surface of the circulating water due to the influence of bubbles. If a large amount of bubbles remain, air circulation may occur in the circulation pump, which may cause malfunction. According to the treatment method of the present invention, adverse effects due to these bubbles can be prevented.
以下に本発明の実施例を示すが、本発明の技術的範囲はこれらに限定されるものではない。
また、以下の測定値は以下の通りの方法で測定した。
ＳＳ値（浮遊物質量）：昭和４０年環境庁告示第５９号付表８に記載の方法に従って測定した。
ＢＯＤ（生物化学的酸素要求量）：ＪＩＳ Ｋ ０１０２に準拠して測定した。
ＣＯＤ（化学的酸素要求量）：ＪＩＳ Ｋ ０１０２に準拠して測定した。
透視度：ＪＩＳ Ｋ ０１０２に準拠して測定した。
Examples of the present invention are shown below, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The following measured values were measured by the following method.
SS value (amount of suspended solids): Measured according to the method described in Appendix 8 of the Environmental Agency Notification No. 59 of 1965.
BOD (biochemical oxygen demand): Measured according to JIS K 0102.
COD (chemical oxygen demand): Measured according to JIS K 0102.
Permeability: Measured according to JIS K 0102.
［実施例１］
次亜塩素酸ナトリウム溶液（５Ｌ／ｈ）及び固形塩素剤（トリクロロイソシアヌル酸含有）を用いて大型の冷却塔（約２０００ｍ３の循環水）を維持管理した。その間１ヶ月毎に冷却塔の循環水をサンプリングし、ＣＯＤ、ＢＯＤおよび透視度を測定した。その結果を第１表に示す（分析月：２０１３年４月および５月 比較例に相当）。またサンプリング時には循環水の表面等の状態についても観察した。
続いて、第１表の５月分のサンプリング後、ミタゲンアンサー（東和酵素株式会社製）１０ｋｇを、冷却塔下部の処理槽に投入した。約半月経過した後の分析結果を第１表の「６月前半」に示す（実施例に相当）。ミタゲンアンサーは上述した穀類等の天然植物を枯草菌で発酵させた乾燥粉粒を主体とした１ｇ中に１０億個以上の好気性菌と培養過程で生産された諸酵素（アミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ、リパーゼ、セルラーゼ等）が配合されている酵素・微生物製剤である。
さらに第１表の６月前半分のサンプリング後、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム溶液 ５Ｌ／ｈ及び固形塩素剤（トリクロロイソシアヌル酸含有）を投入した。その約半月経過した後の分析結果を第１表の「６月後半」に示す。
[Example 1]
A large cooling tower (circulated water of about 2000 m 3 ) was maintained using a sodium hypochlorite solution (5 L / h) and a solid chlorine agent (containing trichloroisocyanuric acid). Meanwhile, the circulating water of the cooling tower was sampled every month, and COD, BOD and transparency were measured. The results are shown in Table 1 (analysis month: equivalent to April and May 2013 comparative examples). The state of the circulating water was also observed during sampling.
Subsequently, after sampling for May in Table 1, 10 kg of Mitagen Answer (manufactured by Towa Enzyme Co., Ltd.) was put into the treatment tank at the bottom of the cooling tower. The analysis results after about half a month have passed are shown in “First half of June” in Table 1 (corresponding to Example). Mitagen Answer is composed of more than 1 billion aerobic bacteria and 1 g of various enzymes (amylase, protease, Lipase, cellulase, etc.) is an enzyme / microbial preparation.
Furthermore, after sampling in the first half of June in Table 1, sodium hypochlorite solution 5 L / h and solid chlorine agent (containing trichloroisocyanuric acid) were added. The analysis results after about half a month have passed are shown in “Last June” in Table 1.
第１表の結果から、ミタゲンアンサーを入れることでＣＯＤおよびＢＯＤが低下し、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム溶液を再度投入すると、透視度が悪化することが判明した。これは、ミタゲンアンサーによって水質が改善するが、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムによって微生物等を死滅させ、それによって水質が悪くなったものと考えられる。
また、ミタゲンアンサーを投入する前は、循環水が発泡し、表面がほぼ泡で覆われる状態であったのに対し、ミタゲンアンサー投入開始後には、わずかな泡が見られる程度に変化した。
From the results in Table 1, it was found that COD and BOD were lowered by adding a mitagene answer, and the transparency was deteriorated when the sodium hypochlorite solution was added again. This is thought to be due to the water quality being improved by the mitagens answer, but the microorganisms were killed by sodium hypochlorite and the water quality was thereby deteriorated.
In addition, the circulating water foamed and the surface was almost covered with bubbles before the Mitagen Answer was added, but after the start of the Mitagen Answer change, it changed to such a degree that a slight bubble was seen. .
［実施例２］
実施例１の後、冷却塔の水を入れ替え、また、冷却塔の底部にある汚泥を廃棄した。続いて、循環水を冷却塔に入れ、ミタゲンアンサー（東和酵素株式会社製）１５ｋｇを投入した。その１ヶ月後に１０ｋｇ、２ヶ月後に６ｋｇ投入した。最初に投入した時点、１、２および３ヵ月後の循環水の分析を行ない、ＳＳ、ＣＯＤ、ＢＯＤおよび透視度を測定した。その結果を第２表に示す。またサンプリング時に循環水の表面等の状態を観察した。
[Example 2]
After Example 1, the water in the cooling tower was replaced, and the sludge at the bottom of the cooling tower was discarded. Subsequently, circulating water was put into a cooling tower, and 15 kg of Mitagen Answer (manufactured by Towa Enzyme Co., Ltd.) was added. One month later, 10 kg was added, and 2 months later, 6 kg. Analysis of circulating water at the time of the first injection, 1, 2, and 3 months later was conducted, and SS, COD, BOD and transparency were measured. The results are shown in Table 2. In addition, the state of the circulating water surface and the like was observed during sampling.
第２表の結果から、水質の悪化が見られなかったことが判明した。この結果から、気温の上昇する夏場においてもミタゲンアンサーによって水質が維持されたことが判明した。また表面に関しても、わずかな泡が見られる程度の状態が維持された。 From the results in Table 2, it was found that the water quality was not deteriorated. From this result, it was found that the water quality was maintained by Mitagen Answer even in the summer when the temperature increased. In addition, the surface was maintained in a state where slight bubbles could be seen.
［実施例３］
実施例２の後、ミタゲンアンサーを１ヶ月に１度、６ｋｇ投入した。各投入前に循環水の分析を行ない、ＳＳ、ＣＯＤ、ＢＯＤおよび透視度を測定した。その結果を第３表に示す。またサンプリング時に循環水の表面等の状態について観察した。
[Example 3]
After Example 2, 6 kg of Mitagen Answer was introduced once a month. Circulating water was analyzed before each addition to measure SS, COD, BOD and transparency. The results are shown in Table 3. In addition, the state of the surface of the circulating water was observed during sampling.
第３表の結果から、ミタゲンアンサーを投入している間は水質の悪化が見られなかったことが判明した。また表面に関しても、わずかな泡が見られる程度の状態が維持された。 From the results in Table 3, it was found that water quality was not deteriorated while the Mitagen Answer was introduced. In addition, the surface was maintained in a state where slight bubbles could be seen.
［汚泥の状況］
２０１２年（ミタゲンアンサー未使用時）、２０１３年（ミタゲンアンサーを中間の一ヶ月のみ使用、実施例１の後）および２０１４年（ミタゲンアンサー使用時、実施例３の後）の各７月初旬に、上記冷却塔の水を抜き、冷却塔の底部にある汚泥を廃棄、清掃して新たに循環水を入れた。これらの際に、一定体積を残して水を上部から抜いた時点で冷却塔底部の状況を写真撮影した。これらにつき同じ冷却塔の底部の状況を図１〜３に比較して示す。図１（２０１２年）および図２（２０１３年）は上澄水を抜き汚泥のみ残した状況を示す。図３（実施例３の後）は図１および図２と同じ体積を残して上澄水を抜いた状況を示す。図３では、図１および図２と異なり汚泥の上に上澄水が残っていること、すなわち汚泥の目視量がミタゲンアンサー未使用時よりも少ないことがわかった。
また図３に示した汚泥は、ミタゲンアンサー未使用時よりも流動性が高く、回収・清掃が楽であった。以上から、ミタゲンアンサー使用時には、未使用時に比較して、汚泥が量的のみならず質的にも異なると思われる。
[Sludge condition]
7 each for 2012 (when the Mitagen Answer is not used), 2013 (when the Mitagen Answer is used only for the middle month, after Example 1) and 2014 (when the Mitagen Answer is used, after Example 3) At the beginning of the month, the cooling tower was drained, the sludge at the bottom of the cooling tower was discarded, cleaned, and recirculated water was added. In these cases, the state of the bottom of the cooling tower was photographed when water was drawn from the top leaving a certain volume. The situation at the bottom of the same cooling tower is shown in comparison with FIGS. FIG. 1 (2012) and FIG. 2 (2013) show the situation where the supernatant water is removed and only the sludge is left. FIG. 3 (after Example 3) shows a situation in which the supernatant water is removed leaving the same volume as in FIGS. 1 and 2. In FIG. 3, it was found that, unlike FIGS. 1 and 2, the supernatant water remains on the sludge, that is, the visual amount of sludge is smaller than when the Mitagen Answer is not used.
In addition, the sludge shown in FIG. 3 had higher fluidity than when the Mitagen Answer was not used, and was easy to collect and clean. From the above, when using the Mitagen answer, it seems that the sludge is different not only quantitatively but also qualitatively compared to when it is not used.
［配管内の状況］
２０１３年および２０１４年における上記の冷却塔清掃と同時に、同じ冷却塔の配管内部を検査した。その結果、２０１３年においては管壁のほぼ全面にスライムが付着していたのに対し、２０１４年においてはスライムの付着はほとんどなかった。
[Situation in the piping]
Simultaneously with the above cooling tower cleaning in 2013 and 2014, the inside of the piping of the same cooling tower was inspected. As a result, in 2013, slime adhered to almost the entire surface of the pipe wall, whereas in 2014, there was almost no slime adhesion.
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