JP6617624B2 - Excavator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an excavator that scrapes out slag existing on a molten metal from a container in which the molten metal is stored.

Generally, in a metal casting facility such as steel, a ladle or the like is used as a molten metal storage facility.
On the molten metal stored in a container such as a ladle, slag generated by various processing operations may float. When the molten metal is transferred to the next process, if a large amount of the slag is mixed, the work in the next process may be greatly hindered. For this reason, it is necessary to perform a draining operation for scraping out the slag present on the molten metal stored in the container.

  When performing the evacuation work, for example, an evacuator having a structure as shown in Patent Document 1 is used. This excavator is pivotally supported by a cart that moves forward and backward toward a container such as a ladle, and a rotary shaft provided on the cart, and can swing in the vertical direction with the rotary shaft as a fulcrum. The arm portion is arranged, a scraper provided at the tip of the arm portion, and a lifting cylinder connected to the base end of the arm portion and swinging the arm portion up and down. Yes.

When scraping slag out of the container using the above-mentioned excavator, first, the carriage is advanced toward the container, the arm part and the scraper are arranged on the upper part of the container, and the arm part is moved downward by the lifting means. Move and insert the scraper into the slag. Next, the slag is scraped out to the outside of the container by the scraper by causing the carriage to be rearward.
Here, when the scraper is inserted into the slag and when the scraper gets over the edge of the container, an impact acts on the arm part and the lifting cylinder, and the arm part and the lifting cylinder deteriorate early, There was a problem that the service life was shortened.

  Therefore, for example, FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1 discloses an excavator in which a spring is arranged at a connecting portion between a lifting cylinder and an arm portion. In this excavator, the spring arranged at the connecting part between the lifting cylinder and the arm part alleviates the impact when the scraper is inserted into the slag and when the scraper gets over the edge of the container, The service life of the arm and lifting cylinder is extended.

  Further, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an excavator having a structure in which a relief circuit is provided in a hydraulic circuit that operates a lifting cylinder. In this excavator, the relief circuit reduces the impact when the scraper is inserted into the slag and when the scraper gets over the edge of the container, thereby extending the service life of the arm and the lifting cylinder. .

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-028385

However, in a waste excavator in which a spring is arranged at the connecting portion between the lifting cylinder and the arm portion, the lifting cylinder and the arm portion are connected by a spring. There was a possibility that the pressing force could not be applied and the scraper could not be sufficiently inserted into the slag. In addition, when a spring is selected so that sufficient pressing force can be applied to the scraper, the impact when the scraper is inserted into the slag and when the scraper gets over the edge of the container must be sufficiently mitigated. There was a risk of being unable to.
Also, since the movement direction and movement amount of the arm part are not regulated, the movement of the arm part becomes large when inserting the scraper into the slag and when the scraper gets over the edge of the container. There was a risk that it could not be performed accurately.

  In addition, in the excavator having a relief circuit in the hydraulic circuit for operating the lifting cylinder, it is necessary to use a plurality of parts in order to construct the relief circuit, and there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated. In addition, there is a problem that the installation space becomes large and the handling becomes difficult.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and can sufficiently reduce an impact applied to the arm portion and the lifting means with a relatively simple structure, thereby extending the service life of the arm portion and the lifting means. An object of the present invention is to provide an excavator that can handle such a situation.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the excavator according to the present invention is an excavator that scrapes slag present on the molten metal from a container in which the molten metal is stored, and a cart that can move forward and backward. An arm portion that is pivotally supported by a rotary shaft portion provided in the carriage and is swingable in the vertical direction with the rotary shaft portion as a fulcrum, and a scraper provided at a tip of the arm portion; Elevating means connected to the base end of the arm part and swinging the arm part up and down, the arm part comprising a base end support part connected to the elevating means, and the base end support part An arm body supported by the shaft support portion so as to be swingable in the vertical direction, and an elastic member that elastically deforms and expands and contracts in the vertical direction between the base end support portion and the arm body, and And a buffer section with a control section that controls the operation of the arm body. Is, the buffer unit, is characterized in that located on the proximal side of the arm portion than the rotation shaft.

According to the rejecter having this configuration, the arm portion includes a base end support portion connected to the elevating means, and an arm main body supported by a shaft support portion of the base end support portion, Between the end support part and the arm body, a buffer part including an elastic member that elastically deforms and expands and contracts in the vertical direction and a restriction part that restricts the operation of the arm body is disposed. The impact when inserting the scraper into the slag and when the scraper gets over the edge of the container can be mitigated by elastic deformation of the elastic members, suppressing the early deterioration of the arm and lifting means, and the service life Can be extended.
In addition, since the buffer portion includes a restricting portion that restricts the operation of the arm body, the arm portion operates greatly when the scraper is inserted into the slag and when the scraper gets over the edge of the container. Can be suppressed. Therefore, the slag scraping operation can be performed accurately.

Here, in the evacuator of the present invention, the buffer portion is inserted into the bolt as the restricting portion and the bolt inserted into the base end support portion and the arm body, and as the expansion and contraction member. It is good also as a structure which has the spring arrange | positioned between the base end support part and the said arm main body.

  In this case, the buffer portion includes a bolt inserted through the base end support portion and the arm main body, and a spring inserted between the bolt and disposed between the base end support portion and the arm main body. The impact of the spring acting on the arm portion as an elastic member can be mitigated. Further, the deformation of the spring is restricted by the bolt, and the bolt acts as a restricting portion that restricts the operation of the arm portion. Therefore, when the scraper is inserted into the slag and when the scraper gets over the edge of the container, it is possible to prevent the arm portion from operating greatly, and the slag scraping work can be performed accurately.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the impact that acts on the arm portion and the lifting / lowering means can be sufficiently reduced with a relatively simple structure, and the service life of the arm portion and the lifting / lowering means can be extended. Machine can be provided.

It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the excavator which is embodiment of this invention. It is a top surface explanatory view of the buffer part provided in the excavator shown in FIG. It is side surface explanatory drawing of the buffer part provided in the rejector shown in FIG. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the scraping work of the slag using the excavator which is embodiment of this invention.

Below, the excavator 10 which is embodiment of this invention is demonstrated with reference to attached drawing. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 4, the excavator 10 according to the present embodiment is used when scraping out the slag 5 floating on the hot metal 3 (molten steel) stored in the ladle 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the excavator 10 includes a carriage 11 that can move forward and backward, a support base 12 disposed on the carriage 11, a rotating shaft portion 13 provided on the support base 12, The arm portion 20 supported by the rotary shaft portion 13, the scraper 15 provided at the tip of the arm portion 20, and connected to the base end of the arm portion 20, the arm portion 20 is swung up and down. Elevating cylinder 18 to be moved.
As shown in FIG. 1, the arm portion 20 includes a base end support portion 25 connected to the elevating cylinder 18 and an arm main body 21 supported by a shaft support portion 26 provided on the base end support portion 25. In addition, the arm body 21 has a structure divided in the length direction.

And in the excavator 10 which is this embodiment, between the base end support part 25 and the arm main body 21, the elastic member which elastically deforms in an up-down direction, and the regulation which regulates the operation | movement of the arm main body 21 The buffer part 30 provided with the part is arrange | positioned.
Buffer section 30, FIGS. 2 and 3, a bolt 32 that is inserted into the arm body 21 proximal support 25, a proximal support 25 together are inserted through the bolt 32 arm body 21 And a plurality of disc springs 33 disposed between them.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the buffer portion 30 has a plurality of through holes formed in the connection plate 27 provided in the base end support portion 25 and the connection plate 22 provided in the arm body 21. The bolts 32 are inserted into the through holes formed in the connection plates 22 and 27, and the nuts 31 are respectively attached to one ends of the bolts 32 (on the connection plate 27 side provided on the base end support portion 25). Yes.
Then, the bolt 32 includes a plurality of disc springs 33 are inserted, as shown in FIG. 3, between the connecting plate 22 provided in the head portion and the arm body 21 of the bolt 32, and the arm body 21 A plurality of disc springs 33 are stacked and arranged between the connection plate 22 provided on the connection plate 27 and the connection plate 27 provided on the proximal end support portion 25.

In this embodiment, the disc spring 33 inserted through the bolt 32 acts as an elastic member that elastically deforms in the vertical direction and expands and contracts. In addition, since the deformation (the deformation direction and the deformation amount) of the disc spring 33 is restricted by the bolt 32 and the operation of the arm body 21 is also restricted, the bolt 32 acts as a restricting portion in the present embodiment.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a vertical wall 28 is formed on the proximal end support portion 25. A hanging wall 23 is provided at the lower part of the connection plate 22 of the arm body 21. When the arm body 21 swings, the hanging wall 23 and the vertical wall 28 interfere with each other so that the operation of the arm body 21 is restricted. That is, the hanging wall 23 and the vertical wall 28 also act as a restricting portion that restricts the operation of the arm body 21.

Here, since the allowable swing angle in the vertical direction of the arm body 21 varies depending on the length of the arm body 21, the length of the bolt 32 acting as a restricting portion according to the length of the arm body 21, The size of the space between the connection plate 27 provided on the base end support portion 25 and the connection plate 22 provided on the arm body 21 and the size of the space between the hanging wall 23 and the vertical wall 28 are respectively defined. It is preferable to design.
For example, when scraping out the slag 5 on the hot metal 3 (molten steel) accommodated in the ladle 1, it is preferable that the tip of the arm body 21 is swung in the vertical direction within a range of 100 mm or less by the buffer portion 30. Therefore, it is preferable to calculate the swing angle in the vertical direction of the arm body 21 in consideration of the swing amount and the distance from the shaft support portion 26 to the tip of the arm body 21, and to design the above-described restricting portion.

Below, the scraping-out operation | work of the slag 5 using the excavator 10 of this structure is demonstrated with reference to FIG.
First, as shown to Fig.4 (a), the ladle 1 in which the hot metal 3 (molten steel) was stored is tilted and fixed toward the excavator 10 side. And in the excavator 10, the raising / lowering cylinder 18 is made into the contracted state, and it tilts so that the front-end | tip of the arm part 20 may face a horizontal direction or upper direction than a horizontal direction. In this state, the cart 11 of the excavator 10 is advanced so as to be close to the ladle 1, and the arm portion 20 is disposed above the ladle 1.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4B, the elevating cylinder 18 is extended, the tip of the arm portion 20 is lowered, and the scraper 15 is inserted into the slag 5. At this time, when the scraper 15 is inserted into the slag 5, an impact acts on the arm portion 20, but the disc spring of the buffer portion 30 provided between the arm main body 21 and the base end support portion 25. The above-described impact is alleviated by deforming 33 to expand and contract. Further, since the operation direction and the operation amount of the arm unit 20 are regulated by the regulation unit, a sufficient pressing force is applied to the scraper plate 15, and the scraper plate 15 can be sufficiently inserted into the slag 5.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4C, the carriage 11 is moved backward so as to be separated from the pan 1 in a state where the scraper 15 is inserted into the slag 5. As a result, the slag 5 is taken out of the pan 1 by the scraper 15. When the carriage 11 is further retracted, an impact acts when the scraper 15 gets over the edge of the ladle 1. Even in this case, the impact is mitigated by deforming the disc spring 22 of the buffer portion 30 provided between the arm main body 21 and the base end support portion 25 so as to expand and contract.

  By repeatedly performing the above operation, the slag 5 on the molten iron 3 (molten steel) stored in the ladle 1 can be removed from the ladle 1.

According to the excavator 10 according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the base end support portion 25 connected to the elevating cylinder 18 and the arm body 21 are elastically deformed in the vertical direction to expand and contract. Since the buffering part 30 provided with the expansion-contraction member (disc spring 33) to perform and the control part ( bolt 32 ) which controls operation | movement of the arm main body 21 is arrange | positioned, the scraper 15 is inserted in the slag 5. The shock when the scraper 15 gets over the edge of the ladle 1 can be mitigated by the elastic deformation of the elastic member (the disc spring 33). Therefore, deterioration of the arm part 20 and the raising / lowering cylinder 18 can be suppressed, and the service life of the arm part 20 and the raising / lowering cylinder 18 can be extended.

  Moreover, since the buffer part 30 is provided with the control part which controls operation | movement (operation method and operation amount) of the arm main body 21, even when an impact is added, the operation direction and operation amount of the arm part 20 are within a predetermined range. Regulated by Therefore, when inserting the scraper 15 into the slag 5, the impact can be sufficiently reduced, and a sufficient pressing force can be applied to the scraper 15 provided at the tip of the arm portion 20. Can be accurately inserted into the slag 5. Moreover, when the scraper 15 gets over the edge of the ladle 1, the impact can be sufficiently mitigated, and an increase in the operation of the arm portion 20 can be suppressed.

Further, in the present embodiment, the buffer portion 30 is formed with a plurality of through holes in the connection plate 27 provided in the base end support portion 25 and the connection plate 22 provided in the arm main body 21, respectively. A nut 31 is attached to the tip of the bolt 32 inserted into the bolt 32 , and between the head portion of the bolt 32 and the connection plate 22 provided on the arm main body 21, and on the connection plate 22 provided on the arm main body 21. Since a plurality of disc springs 33 are laminated and arranged between the connection plates 27 provided on the end support portion 25, the disc springs 33 act as expansion members and the bolts 32 act as restricting portions. As a result, the impact acting on the arm portion 20 can be sufficiently mitigated and the operation of the arm body 21 can be sufficiently restricted.

In the present embodiment, the hanging wall 23 provided on the arm body 21 and the vertical wall 28 provided on the proximal end support portion 25 also act as a restricting portion that restricts the operation of the arm body 21. The operation of the unit 20 can be more accurately regulated.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the length of the bolt 32 serving as the restricting portion, the connection plate 27 provided on the proximal end support portion 25, and the connection plate 22 provided on the arm main body 21 according to the length of the arm main body 21. Since the size of the space between and the hanging wall 23 and the vertical wall 28 is designed, the swing angle of the arm body 21 by the buffer 30 can be set accurately. The operation of the arm main body 21 can be accurately controlled.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the arm main body 21 is divided in the length direction. Therefore, when a part of the arm main body 21 is damaged, it is only necessary to replace the portion. Repair work of the main body 21 can be performed relatively easily.

As mentioned above, although the excavator which is this embodiment which is embodiment of this invention was demonstrated, this invention is not limited to this, In the range which does not deviate from the technical idea of the invention, it can change suitably. .
For example, in the present embodiment, the description has been made assuming that a disc spring is laminated as the elastic member, but the invention is not limited thereto, and other spring materials such as a coil spring may be used, or other elastic members such as a rubber material may be used. May be applied.

Moreover, in this embodiment, although demonstrated as what scrapes out the slag on the hot metal (molten steel) stored by the ladle, it is not limited to this, A container other than a ladle may be used, and hot metal (molten steel) It is good also considering the molten metal other than.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, although demonstrated as what applies a volt | bolt as a control part, it is not limited to this, The hanging wall and base end support part which were provided in the arm main body, without arrange | positioning a volt | bolt. Only the vertical wall provided on the wall may act as a restricting portion.

Further, in the present embodiment, the arm main body is described as having a structure that is divided in the length direction, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the arm main body may be integrally configured.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the lifting cylinder has been described as an example of the lifting means, but the present invention is not limited to this, and lifting means having other structures may be used.

1 Ladle (container)
3 Hot metal (molten metal)
5 Slag 10 Exhaust Machine 11 Cart 13 Rotating Shaft 15 Scraper 18 Elevating Cylinder (Elevating Means)
20 Arm part 21 Arm body 23 Hanging wall (regulation part)
25 Base end support part 26 Axle support part 28 Vertical wall (regulation part)
30 buffer
32 volts (regulatory part)
33 Disc spring (expandable member)

Claims (2)

An excavator that scrapes slag present on the molten metal from a container in which the molten metal is stored,
A cart that can move forward and backward, an arm portion that is pivotally supported by a rotary shaft portion provided on the cart and that can swing in the vertical direction with the rotary shaft portion as a fulcrum, and provided at the tip of the arm portion And a lifting means connected to the base end of the arm portion and swinging the arm portion up and down,
The arm portion includes a base end support portion connected to the elevating means, and an arm main body supported by the shaft support portion of the base end support portion so as to be swingable in the vertical direction.
Between the base end support part and the arm main body, a buffer part including an elastic member that elastically deforms and expands and contracts in the vertical direction and a restricting part that restricts the operation of the arm main body is disposed .
The evacuator according to claim 1, wherein the buffer portion is located closer to the base end side of the arm portion than the rotating shaft portion . The buffer portion is a bolt inserted through the base end support portion and the arm main body as the restricting portion, and is inserted through the bolt as the telescopic member and between the base end support portion and the arm main body. The evacuator according to claim 1, further comprising a spring disposed.

Images