JP6549492B2 - Tilt angle adjustment device and loading device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an inclination angle adjustment device and a loading device.

The load bearing capacity of the bridge and the stress generated on the bridge vary depending on the support conditions in which the support supports the bridge girder. In the loading device focusing on the support condition, in order to reproduce the support condition of the support that supports the bridge girder that is inclined to the horizontal surface, a jig etc. is manufactured to reproduce the support condition close to the actual bridge. It is
An inclination angle adjustment device described in Patent Document 1 is known as an apparatus for adjusting the inclination of a heavy equipment such as this bridge girder with respect to a horizontal plane.

The tilt angle adjustment device of Patent Document 1 includes a hydraulic jack (lifting and lowering device) that raises and lowers a sole plate serving as a base for supporting the legs of heavy equipment (supports), and a pump mechanism that supplies oil to the hydraulic jack. Is equipped. The hydraulic jack has a cylinder block whose inside is hollowed out and whose upper surface is open. A jack ram is vertically movably inserted into the hollow portion of the cylinder block.
The upper surface center side of the jack ram has a hemispherically curved hollow portion. A spherical seat having a substantially hemispherical shape is rotatably incorporated in the hollow portion. The spherical seat comprises a substantially circular support surface and a hemispherical spherical seat surface. The bearing surface of the spherical seat supports the sole plate, and the spherical seat rotatably contacts the hollow portion of the jack ram.

In the tilt angle adjusting device configured as described above, when a predetermined amount of oil is supplied to the hydraulic jack, the jack ram of the hydraulic jack is raised by a predetermined stroke amount.
At this time, the sole plate makes surface contact on the support surface of the spherical seat. The spherical seat can be pivoted about the center point of the support surface, so that the sole plate can be lifted and lowered by preventing the one-sided contact.

JP 2002-20084 A

In the inclination angle adjusting device of Patent Document 1, when the sole plate is large, the sole plate is supported not only by the jack ram but also by a support member or the like.
However, when the jack ram is raised or lowered, the inclination of the sole plate changes, and the sole plate tries to move in the direction along the horizontal plane with respect to the support member. When the frictional force acting between the support member and the sole plate is relatively large, the sole plate does not move with respect to the support member, but unnecessary stress is applied in the sole plate.
When the loading device is configured by this tilt angle adjustment device and a load application unit that applies a load to the sole plate, if unnecessary stress acts in the sole plate, the effect of the load on the sole plate is accurately evaluated become unable.

  This invention is made in view of such a problem, Comprising: The inclination-angle adjustment apparatus which suppressed that an unnecessary stress acts on a to-be-supported body when extending and lowering a raising-lowering device, and this inclination-angle An object of the present invention is to provide a loading device provided with an adjusting device.

In order to solve the above-mentioned subject, this invention proposes the following means.
The tilt angle adjusting device according to the present invention includes a base, a rotary member rotatably supported on the base and supporting the support from below, and is extendable in the vertical direction, and the base is supported on the base A lifting device disposed at a position shifted along the upper surface of the base with respect to the rotating member, and a first upper surface curved to be convex upward or concave downward A lower support having a curved surface, the lower support disposed on the lifting device, and a second curved surface contacting the first curved surface, the support being disposed on the lower support; And an upper support that supports a portion different from the portion supported by the rotating member in the second part from below.

In the above-mentioned inclination angle adjustment device, the first curved surface may be part of a spherical surface, and the second curved surface may be part of a spherical surface.
Further, in the above-mentioned inclination angle adjusting device, the rotating member may be a roller rotatably supported around a predetermined axis.
Moreover, the loading device of the present invention is characterized by including the tilt angle adjusting device according to any one of the above, and a load applying portion that applies a load to the support.

  According to the inclination angle adjustment device and the loading device of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the application of unnecessary stress to the support when the elevating device is expanded and contracted.

It is a front view of a loading device of a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is the enlarged view which fractured a part of A1 part in FIG. It is a perspective view of the roller of the loading apparatus. It is an enlarged view of the portion in which the upper support supports the superstructure explaining the operation of the loading device. The roller which demonstrates the effect | action of the loading apparatus is an enlarged view of the part which supports the superstructure. It is a figure which shows the result of having measured the change of the stress which acts on a pillar by the clearance gap between a roller and a flange.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a loading device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
As shown in FIG. 1, the loading device 1 of the present embodiment is generated by the support condition in which the superstructure (supported body) W1 of the bridge is supported by the tilt angle adjustment unit (tilt angle adjustment device) 11 of the loading device 1. It tests load and stress.
In actual bridges, sleepers and tracks are used as superstructures, but in the present embodiment, superstructure W1 is used as a test, and as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, steel frame columns W2 and beams W3 are used. It has a ramen structure reinforced with brace W4. A flange W5 is joined to the lower end portion of the column W2 by welding or the like. A belly plate W7 is joined by welding to the center of the column W2 in the horizontal direction X.
The configuration of the superstructure W1 used in the test is not particularly limited as long as the structure has a strength that can withstand the load applied by the load application unit 26 described later.

The loading device 1 includes the tilt angle adjusting unit 11 of the present embodiment, a load applying unit 26 that applies a load to the upper processing W 1 supported by the tilt angle adjusting unit 11, and a control unit 36 that controls the load applying unit 26. And have.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the inclination angle adjustment unit 11 includes a base 13, a roller (rotating member) 14 rotatably supported on the base 13, and elevations disposed on the base 13. An apparatus 15, a lower support 16 disposed on the lifting device 15, and an upper support 17 disposed on the lower support 16. The lower support 16 and the upper support 17 constitute a spherical seat (spherical seat) 18.

The base 13 is formed of a steel plate or the like. The upper surface 13a of the base 13 is disposed substantially parallel to the horizontal plane.
As shown in FIG. 3, the roller 14 is formed of a steel pipe, a round steel or the like in a solid cylindrical shape. The roller 14 is rotatably supported by the support 20 about an axis C1 parallel to the upper surface 13 a of the base 13. Although not shown, for example, the both ends of the rotary shaft attached to the roller 14 are supported by bearings or the like provided on the support table 20. The axis C1 is substantially parallel to the horizontal direction X in which the direction connecting the roller 14 and the lifting device 15 is projected on the horizontal plane.
The roller 14 supports the flange W5 of the upper work W1 from the lower side Z1. Since the rotating member is the roller 14, the structure for rotatably supporting the roller 14 is relatively simple.

As the lifting device 15, it is preferable to use TORQUP (registered trademark, manufactured by IHI Infrastructure Co., Ltd.). TORQUP is a reduction gear jack system and can be used by connecting a known rechargeable driver. The elevator device 15 can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction Z by rotating the rotation shaft of the rechargeable driver forwardly and reversely. For example, when the rotary shaft of the rechargeable driver is rotated 150 times, the lifting device 15 expands and contracts by 1 mm.
As shown in FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, a known height adjusting steel plate 21 is disposed between the lifting device 15 and the lower support 16. However, the height adjustment steel plate 21 is not an essential component of the inclination angle adjustment unit 11.

As shown in FIG. 2, the lower support 16 is formed in a rectangular block shape and has a first curved surface 16a which is an upper surface curved to be convex toward the upper side Z2. In the present embodiment, the first curved surface 16a is a part of a spherical surface.
The upper support 17 is formed in a rectangular block shape, and has a second curved surface 17 a which is a lower surface curved so as to be concave toward the upper side Z 2. In the present embodiment, the second curved surface 17a is a part of a spherical surface having a radius substantially the same as that of the first curved surface 16a. The second curved surface 17 a contacts the first curved surface 16 a of the lower support 16 and engages with the first curved surface 16 a. The upper support 17 supports the flange W5 of the upper structure W1 from the lower side Z1.

The configuration of the load application unit 26 is not particularly limited as long as the load can be applied to the upper work W1. As shown in FIG. 1, the load application unit 26 is provided to the gate-shaped support 27, a hydraulic pump (not shown), a cylinder 28 fixed to the upper portion of the support 27, and the cylinder 28. It has a ram 29 movable in the vertical direction Z, and a load cell (not shown) for detecting a load acting on the upper work W1.
The hydraulic pump is connected to the control unit 36 and controlled by the control unit 36.
The cylinder 28 accommodates the hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic pump. The ram 29 moves in the vertical direction Z in accordance with the amount of hydraulic fluid in the cylinder 28. In the present embodiment, a load beam W11 for uniformly applying a load is attached between the ram 29 and the upper work W1. However, the loading beam W11 is not an essential component of the loading device 1.
The load cell is of known construction. The load cell is attached to the desired part of the superstructure W1. The load cell transmits the detected load to the control unit 36.

Although not illustrated, the control unit 36 includes an arithmetic circuit, a memory, and the like. The memory stores a control program or the like for controlling the arithmetic circuit. Although not shown, an input unit such as a keyboard and a display unit such as a liquid crystal display are connected to the control unit 36.
The arithmetic circuit controls the amount of hydraulic oil supplied by the hydraulic pump based on the detection result of the load transmitted from the load cell. The user can give an instruction to the control unit 36 by operating the input unit while confirming the display on the display unit.

Next, the operation of the loading device 1 configured as described above will be described.
In advance, the height of the top surface of the roller 14 and the height of the top surface of the upper support 17 are substantially equal. For example, it is assumed that the pitch of the pair of columns W2 is 1700 mm. A plurality of strain gauges (not shown) are attached to the end of the lower portion Z1 of the column W2 placed on the roller 14 in the upper support 17. Each strain gauge is mounted with its position shifted in the horizontal direction X. Each strain gauge is connected to the control unit 36.
The user places the superstructure W1 on the roller 14 and the upper support 17 by a crane or the like (not shown). In this example, the roller 14 and the upper support 17 correspond to the bearing that constitutes the lower part of the bridge.
Since the roller 14 and the flange W5 of the superstructure W1 are in line contact or point contact and the roller 14 rotates around the axis C1, the flange W5 can be relatively easily moved along the horizontal surface with respect to the roller 14 it can.
The loading beam W11 is placed on the superstructure W1. The roller 14 and the upper support 17 and the like sink into the lower part Z1 due to the dead weight of the superstructure W1 and the loading beam W11.

A rechargeable driver is connected to the lifting device 15, and for example, the lifting device 15 is extended upward Z2. Since the lower support 16 and the upper support 17 are connected by the curved surfaces 16a and 17a, as the lower support 16 moves upward Z2, as shown in FIGS. And superstructure W1 leans. At this time, since the curved surfaces 16a and 17a are parts of spherical surfaces, the movement of the upper support 17 relative to the lower support 16 is smooth. On the other hand, the roller 14 does not tilt.
Therefore, no gap is formed between the upper support 17 and the upper processing W1 as shown in FIG. 4, and the state in which the upper surface of the upper support 17 and the lower surface of the flange W5 are in surface contact is maintained. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, a gap S is formed in the vertical direction Z between the roller 14 and the upper processing W1, and the upper surface of the roller 14 and the lower surface of the flange W5 make point contact. That is, the flange W5 of the upper work W1 is supported by the roller 14 on one side.

The length of the lifting device 15 can be adjusted in units of 0.01 mm per rotation of the rotating shaft of the rechargeable driver, so the gap S in the roller 14 can be adjusted in units of 0.1 mm. That is, it is possible to accurately reproduce the support condition in which the roller 14 and the upper support 17 corresponding to the support of the bridge support the superstructure W1.
When the flange W5 of the upper work W1 is supported on one side by the roller 14, the flange W5 can be relatively easily moved along the horizontal plane with respect to the roller 14. It is suppressed that the unnecessary stress of. The unnecessary stress mentioned here is a frictional force or the like along the horizontal surface by the roller 14.

The user operates the input unit to cause the control unit 36 to drive the hydraulic pump of the load application unit 26, and the load 29 is applied to the load beam W11 by the ram 29 (see FIG. 1). The load F acts on the upper work W1 via the loading beam W11. The load cell transmits the detected load to the control unit 36.
The control unit 36 performs, for example, feedback control for driving the hydraulic pump so that the load detected by the load cell becomes a predetermined target load. The strain detected by each strain gauge when the load detected by the load cell is the target load is transmitted to the control unit 36. For example, the stress acting on the column W2 is determined by multiplying the strain by the longitudinal elastic coefficient of the column W2, and the stress is stored in the memory of the control unit 36.

After measuring the stress when the target load is applied to a certain gap S, the user changes the size of the gap S by the lifting device 15, and causes the control unit 36 to apply the aforementioned target load again. Measure the stress.
Thus, the relationship between the stress at each position of the column W2 and the gap S when the target load is applied is determined. Since the inclination angle adjustment unit 11 suppresses the application of unnecessary stress to the upper work W1, the influence of the load F on the upper work W1 is accurately evaluated.
The same applies to the case where the lifting device 15 is contracted downward Z1.

(Test results)
The result of measuring a change in stress acting on the column W2 by the gap S between the roller 14 and the flange W5 using the loading device 1 of the present embodiment will be described using FIG. In the column W2, a plurality of strain gauges 41 were attached at a distance of 10 mm in the horizontal direction X at a position 10 mm above the weld toe Z2 welding the column W2 and the flange W5.
When there is a gap S between the roller 14 and the flange W5, the flange W5 is supported by the roller 14 at only the fulcrum W5a.
The maximum value of the gap S between the roller 14 and the flange W5 (the distance between the roller 14 and the flange W5 at the end in the horizontal direction X of the flange W5 in the vertical direction Z) is taken as a gap g.

Tests were conducted in the case where the gap g was 0 mm (in the case where there was no gap S between the roller 14 and the flange W5) and in the case where the gap g was 0.9 mm (support per one piece). The horizontal axis in FIG. 6 represents the position in the horizontal direction X from the center of the belly plate W7 with one of the horizontal directions X being positive. The vertical axis represents the stress acting on the end of the lower portion Z1 of the column W2 obtained from the detection result of each strain gauge 41. In the vertical axis, compressive stress is expressed as negative stress.
When the gap g is 0 mm, compressive stress acts regardless of the position in the horizontal direction X, and the magnitudes of the acting stresses become approximately equal. On the other hand, when the gap g is 0.9 mm, the magnitude of the compressive stress increases toward the fulcrum W5a, and the tensile stress is applied to the column W2 at the end of the flange W5 opposite to the fulcrum W5a I understand.

  As described above, according to the inclination angle adjustment unit 11 of the present embodiment, when the lifting device 15 expands and contracts in the vertical direction Z, the portion of the superstructure W1 supported by the upper support 17 moves in the vertical direction Z The inclination of the superstructure W1 changes. For this reason, the superstructure W1 tries to move in the horizontal direction X with respect to the roller 14 which is the object supporting the superstructure W1 other than the upper support 17. Since the superstructure W1 is supported by the roller 14, the superstructure W1 easily moves along the horizontal surface with respect to the roller 14, and unnecessary stress is exerted between the roller 14 and the superstructure W1. It is possible to suppress and support the superstructure W1.

Since the curved surfaces 16a, 17a are part of a spherical surface, the movement of the upper support 17 relative to the lower support 16 is smooth.
Since the rotating member is the roller 14, the structure for rotatably supporting the roller 14 can be configured relatively simply.
Moreover, according to the loading device 1 of the present embodiment, the influence of the load F on the superstructure W1 can be accurately evaluated by supporting the superstructure W1 while suppressing the application of unnecessary stress.

As mentioned above, although one embodiment of the present invention was explained in full detail with reference to drawings, a concrete composition is not restricted to this embodiment, and change, combination, deletion of composition of a range which does not deviate from the gist of the present invention Etc. are also included.
For example, although the curved surfaces 16a and 17a are part of spherical surfaces in the above embodiment, for example, the first curved surface 16a is a surface curved so as to be convex toward the upper side Z2, and the second The shape of the curved surfaces 16a and 17a is not particularly limited as long as the curved surface 17a is a surface curved so as to be concave toward the upper side Z2. The first curved surface 16a may be a surface curved so as to be concave toward the lower Z1, and the second curved surface 17a may be a surface curved to be convex toward the lower Z1.

Although the rotating member is the roller 14 rotating around the axis C, the rotating member may be a ball seat.
Although the lifting device is described as TORQUP, the lifting device may be a general hydraulic jack or the like.
What the inclination angle adjustment unit 11 supports is not limited to the superstructure W1 of the bridge, but may be a generator of a power plant, rolling equipment of a rolling plant, or the like.

1 loading device 11 tilt angle adjusting device 13 base 14 roller (rotary member)
15 Lifting Device 16 Lower Support 16a First Curved Surface 17 Upper Support 17a Second Curved Surface 26 Load Part C1 Axis W1 Upper Work (Supported Material)
Z vertical direction Z1 downward Z2 upward

Claims (4)

With the base,
A rotary member rotatably supported on the base and supporting the support from below;
A stretchable in a vertical direction, a lifting device arranged by shifting the position along the upper surface of the base with respect to Oite the rotating member on the base,
A lower support disposed on the lifting device and having a first curved surface which is an upper surface curved to be convex upward or concave downward;
An upper portion disposed on the lower support and having a second curved surface in contact with the first curved surface and supporting from below the portion of the support different from the portion supported by the rotating member. A support,
An inclination angle adjusting device comprising: The first curved surface is part of a sphere,
The tilt angle adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the second curved surface is a part of a spherical surface.   The tilt angle adjusting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotating member is a roller rotatably supported about a predetermined axis. The tilt angle adjustment device according to any one of claims 1 to 3;
A load applying unit that applies a load to the support;
A loading device characterized by comprising:

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