JP6602171B2 - Cargo securing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for securing cargo loaded on a transportation means such as a truck or a freight car.

Conventionally, containers are used for transporting cargo (packages).
However, some cargos are large, for example, and may not be accommodated in a container (dry container) having a ceiling or a side wall.
As a container for carrying such cargo, a flat rack container (uncovered container) 80 shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B is used. In use, for example, a skid 82 on which cargo is placed is placed on a flat rack container 80 placed on a chassis 81 of a truck (transportation means), and a wooden box (box) 83 covered with the cargo is used. A lashing belt 84 is hung around and fixed to the flat rack container 80 (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, the code | symbol 85 in FIG. 4 (A), (B) is a buckle which fixes the lashing belt 84. FIG.

JP 2007-1396 A

However, in the conventional cargo securing method, it is necessary to wrap a lashing belt 84 around the wooden box 83 as shown in FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B). 4A shows a method in which three lashing belts 84 and two buckles 85 are used and the lashing belt 84 is fixed on both sides of the wooden box 83. FIG. This lashing belt 84 and one buckle 85 are used to fix the lashing belt 84 above the wooden box 83.
For this reason, it is necessary for an operator to perform the guiding operation of the lashing belt 84 and the tightening operation of the lashing belt 84 on the wooden box 83. Therefore, an operator must perform various operations at a high place (for example, a place having a height of about 4 m), which causes a problem in safety and workability.
Furthermore, since the normally used lashing belt 84 is made of, for example, polyester, there is a possibility that slack may occur during cargo transportation.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a cargo securing method that does not require work at a high place and can securely secure cargo with better workability than before. With the goal.

A cargo securing method according to the present invention that meets the above-described object includes: an uncovered container placed and fixed on a transport means; and a skid disposed on the uncovered container and mounted and fixed to a box that contains the cargo. In the method of securing cargo , which is connected using fastening means made of hardware, and the skid is fixed on the open container ,
The fastening means has a turnbuckle, and adjusts the tension of the fastening means by tightening the turnbuckle;
The skid is configured by combining a plurality of wooden square members, a metal bar is inserted into the skid, and one side of the turnbuckle is connected to the skid via the bar .

Here, the fastening means may further include one or a plurality of first shackles, and the bar and the turnbuckle can be connected via the first shackles.
Further, the fastening means may further include one or a plurality of second shackles, and the lidless container and the turnbuckle can be connected via the second shackles.

  In the cargo securing method according to the present invention, the open container may be a flat rack container.

In the cargo securing method according to the present invention, the skid on which the cargo is placed is fixed on the open container using the fastening means made of hardware, so that the lashing belt is attached to the box housing the cargo as in the prior art. There is no need to wrap around and there is no need to use a lashing belt.
Therefore, work at a high place is not required, and cargo can be secured securely with better workability than before.

Moreover, since the fastening means comprises a turnbuckle you can easily adjust the tension of the fastening means.
Further, when connecting the bar inserted through the skid and the turnbuckle via the first shackle, or when connecting the open container and the turnbuckle via the second shackle, the fastening means Can be easily adjusted.

It is explanatory drawing of the securing method of the cargo which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. (A), (B) is the top view and side view of a skid which are respectively used for the securing method of the cargo. (A) and (B) are a front view and a side view of a first fastener used for the method of securing the same cargo, and (C) and (D) are second fasteners used for the method of securing the same cargo. The front view of a metal fitting, a side view, (E), and (F) are the front view and the side view of a support metal fitting used for the securing method of the same cargo, respectively. (A), (B) is explanatory drawing of the securing method of the cargo which concerns on a prior art example, respectively.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a cargo securing method according to an embodiment of the present invention is highly effective when placing cargo (not shown) on a chassis 10 of a truck (an example of a transportation means). This is a method that does not require work at a place and secures cargo more reliably and with better workability than before. In the following, detailed description will be given assuming that the forward / backward direction of the track is the front / rear direction and the direction orthogonal to the forward / backward direction is the left / right direction (left / right direction in FIG. 1).

A flat rack container (an example of an uncovered container) 11 is placed and fixed on the chassis 10 of the truck.
The flat rack container (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a container) 11 has a floor portion 12 disposed on the chassis 10 and pillar portions (not shown) erected on the four corners of the floor portion 12. However, there is a case in which side walls (face plates and end walls) are erected on both sides in a direction corresponding to the front-rear direction of the track (hereinafter simply referred to as the front-rear direction). Further, instead of the flat rack container, a flat bed container (platform container) composed only of the floor portion can be used.

The chassis 10 and the floor portion 12 of the flat rack container 11 are connected by twist lock mechanisms (tightening means) positioned at the four corners of the floor portion 12 in plan view, whereby the container 11 is positioned with respect to the chassis 10. .
The floor portion 12 of the container 11 is provided with fork pockets (not shown) along a direction corresponding to the left-right direction of the truck (hereinafter simply referred to as the left-right direction). A plurality of fork pockets are provided on the floor 12 of the container 11 with an interval in the front-rear direction.

In addition, a plurality of receiving metal fittings (also referred to as hooks or lashing points) 13 are provided on both sides in the left-right direction of the floor portion 12 of the container 11 with an interval in the front-rear direction of the floor portion 12.
Specifically, fixing portions 12a having a U-shaped cross section are provided on both sides in the left-right direction of the floor portion 12 along the front-rear direction of the floor portion 12. 13 is attached and fixed. The lower protruding portion 12b has a longer protruding length than the upper protruding portion 12c (projects in plan view), but is not limited to this (the same may be used).

A skid 14 is disposed on the container 11.
The skid 14 is used for loading and fixing cargo. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 (A) and 2 (B), a plurality of wooden square members 15 a to 15 d and 16 are combined to form a lower stage (slip material). : Part that contacts the container 11), middle stage (lubricant), and upper stage (load floor material: part that contacts the cargo). Specifically, each of the lower stage and the upper stage is composed of four (a plurality of) square members 15a to 15d arranged in parallel with an interval, and the middle stage has five arranged in parallel with an interval. It is composed of a plurality of square members 16, and the square member 16 and the square members 15a to 15d are arranged orthogonally in plan view.

The cargo placed and fixed on the skid 14 is accommodated in a wooden box (an example of a box) 17.
The wooden box 17 is a bottomless box that covers the cargo from above and is mounted and fixed to the skid 14 using a fastening member such as a nail or a bolt, and is integrated with the skid 14. (The wooden box 17 is positioned with respect to the skid 14).
The wooden box 17 is made of a right-angled quadrangular wood in plan view, but is not limited to this. For example, a metal box 17 can be used as long as it can accommodate cargo and can be fixed to the skid 14. (A side wall portion and a ceiling portion may be constituted by a plurality of iron plates).

As described above, in a state where the skid 14 on which the cargo covered with the wooden box 17 is placed and fixed is placed on the container 11, the skid 14 and the container 11 are joined using the fastening means 18 made of hardware. Connect and fix skid 14 (cargo) on container 11 (clamping operation).
Details will be described below.

First, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2A and 2B, one steel pipe (two in total) on both sides in the left-right direction of the skid 14 (a total of two steel pipes in the skid 14 along the longitudinal direction of the skid 14). An example of a metal bar) 19 is inserted and arranged.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (A), (B), FIG. 3 (A)-(F), the steel pipe 19 is shown by the support metal fitting 20 and the 1st, 2nd metal fittings 21 and 22. It is arranged between the lower stage and the upper stage (middle position). Further, the length of the steel pipe 19 is equal to or longer than the length of the skid 14 in the front-rear direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the above-described support metal fitting 20 is attached and fixed to the side surfaces of all the square members 15 a to 15 d constituting the lower stage.
In addition, the support metal fitting 20 can also be attached and fixed to any one or two or more of the square members 15a to 15d as necessary. Moreover, although the support metal fitting 20 is attached only to one side surface of the square members 15a to 15d, it may be attached to both side surfaces. And attachment of the support metal fitting 20 to the square members 15a to 15d is performed at a position outside the upper protruding portion 12c of the fixing portion 12a provided on the floor portion 12 in plan view.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 </ b> E and 3 </ b> F, the support fitting 20 is provided with a receiving portion 23 having an arc shape in accordance with the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe 19. A through-hole 24 for attaching and fixing the support fitting 20 to the side surfaces of the square members 15a to 15d is formed on the lower side of the support fitting 20, for example, using a fastening member such as a nail or a bolt.

The first fastener 21 is attached to one end portion in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction) of the steel pipe 19 (disposed near the square member 15a (may be 15d) located at one end portion in the front-rear direction of the skid 14. Done: see FIGS. 2A and 2B).
As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the first fastener 21 is configured with an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the steel pipe 19 on the upper side, and a tubular portion 25 that can be inserted into the steel pipe 19. Is provided. In addition, two support plates 26 and 27 are attached and fixed to the lower portion of the tubular portion 25 with an interval in the axial direction thereof, and the metal fitting 13 of the container 11 is interposed between the support plate 26 and the support plate 27. A through hole 28 is formed for connection with the.

The second fastener 22 is attached to the other end portion in the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe 19 (disposed near the square member 15d (may be 15a) located at the other end portion in the front-rear direction of the skid 14: 2 (A) and (B)).
As shown in FIGS. 3 (C) and 3 (D), the second fastener 22 is configured with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the steel pipe 19, and a tubular portion through which the steel pipe 19 can be inserted. 29 is provided. Further, two support plates 30 and 31 are attached and fixed to the lower portion of the tubular portion 29 with an interval in the axial direction thereof, and the metal fitting 13 of the container 11 is interposed between the support plate 30 and the support plate 31. A through hole 32 is formed for connection with the.

In use, as shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of support fittings 20 are attached and fixed to one side surface of all the square members 15 a to 15 d constituting the lower stage. This attachment is performed so that the receiving portion 23 of each support metal fitting 20 is positioned above the upper surfaces of the square members 15a to 15d and at the same position when viewed from the front.
Then, the steel pipe 19 is inserted between the lower stage and the upper stage of the skid 14 so that the steel pipe 19 passes over the receiving part 23 of each support fitting 20 (the steel pipe 19 is moved in the axial direction thereof) Place on the unit 23.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B), first and second fasteners 21 and 22 are respectively attached to portions of the steel pipe 19 protruding from the skid 14 in plan view. The holes 28 and 32 and the receiving metal 13 of the container 11 are connected by a fixing member (for example, a metal, a belt, a rope, etc.).
In addition, although the tubular part 25 of the 1st fastener 21 penetrates the inside of the steel pipe 19, since the end surface of the steel pipe 19 contacts the support plate 27, the movement to the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe 19 is prevented.

Thereby, the steel pipe 19 can be fixed to the skid 14 (positioning of the steel pipe 19 with respect to the skid 14 can be performed).
In fixing the steel pipe 19 to the skid 14, only one of the first fastener 21 and the second fastener 22 can be used. For example, when two first fasteners 21 are used, the two first fasteners 21 are respectively attached to portions of the steel pipe 19 that protrude from the skid 14 in plan view. Further, when two second fasteners 22 are used, the second fastener 22 is attached to a portion of the steel pipe 19 that protrudes from the skid 14 in plan view or a portion in the skid 14 in plan view. Install each one.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 1, one side of the turnbuckle 33 constituting the fastening means 18 is connected to the skid 14 via the steel pipe 19.
A mounting bracket 34 is used to connect the turnbuckle 33 to the steel pipe 19. The mounting bracket 34 is formed with a through-hole 35 through which the steel pipe 19 can be inserted, and is capable of mounting one rotating shaft portion 36 of the turnbuckle 33. For this reason, the attachment fitting 34 is attached to the steel pipe 19 when the steel pipe 19 is inserted into the skid 14 (see FIGS. 2A and 2B).
As described above, the rotating shaft portion 36 of the turnbuckle 33 is directly attached to the mounting bracket 34. For example, the mounting bracket 34 and the turnbuckle 33 (rotating shaft portion 36) are connected to one or a plurality of first pieces. It can also be connected via a shackle to adjust the length of the fastening means. When a plurality of first shackles are used, they are connected in series.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the other one side of the turnbuckle 33 is connected to the metal fitting 13 of the container 11.
Here, the connection of the other rotating shaft portion 37 of the turnbuckle 33 to the metal fitting 13 is performed using one second shackle 38, but for example, without using the second shackle 38. It is also possible to use a plurality of second shackles. In addition, when using two or more 2nd shackles, it connects in series.
Thereby, the length of a fastening means can be adjusted easily.

By the method described above, the container 11 and the skid 14 can be connected using the fastening means 18. The connection by the fastening means 18 needs to be performed at least one place on both sides of the truck in the left-right direction. For example, according to the weight and size of the cargo, a plurality of places with intervals in the front-rear direction of the truck. You may go. Further, one or a plurality of (for example, two) couplings by the fastening means 18 can be performed on one receiving bracket 13.
After the container 11 and the skid 14 are connected using the fastening means 18 by the above-described method, for example, a metal bar (with a sino) is inserted into the opening 40 formed in the body 39 of the turnbuckle 33. A ratchet or the like is inserted and the body 39 is rotated. Thereby, the tension of the fastening means 18 can be adjusted by tightening the turnbuckle 33.

The adjustment of the tension of the fastening means 18 is performed on the chassis 10, that is, at a height position where the operation is easy (for example, a height position of about 1 to 1.7 m), so that the operation is easy.
Further, since the fastening means 18 made of hardware is used in place of the conventionally used lashing belt, it is not necessary to consider relaxation during the transportation of cargo.
Therefore, by using the cargo securing method of the present invention, work at a high place becomes unnecessary, and it is possible to securely secure cargo with better workability than before.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above embodiment, and the matters described in the scope of claims. Other embodiments and modifications conceivable within the scope are also included. For example, a case where the cargo securing method of the present invention is configured by combining a part or all of the above-described embodiments and modifications is also included in the scope of the right of the present invention.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where a truck is used as the cargo transportation means has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a transportation means such as a cargo vehicle or a ship can be used. In this case, the connection timing of the skid and the lidless container by the fastening means can be changed according to the situation (for example, after the skid on which the cargo is placed is placed on the lidless container and fixed by the fastening means, It can also be loaded onto the transportation means).

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the case where a skid and a fastening means were connected via the steel pipe was demonstrated, if a skid and a fastening means can be connected, it will not be limited to this. For this reason, according to various connection methods, metal fittings other than the above-described support metal fittings and the first and second metal fittings can be used.
Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the case where the skid and the container were connected using the some metal fitting provided in the floor part of the container was demonstrated, for example, the lower part position (position of a metal fitting) of a container In addition, a metal bar (steel pipe) or the like can be attached along the front-rear direction, and the skid and the container can be connected via the bar. In this case, for example, it is possible to perform lashing independent of the position of a receiving bracket installed at an interval in the front-rear direction of the track, so that the degree of freedom in lashing can be expanded.

10: Chassis, 11: Flat rack container (uncovered container) 12: Floor portion, 12a: Fixed portion, 12b: Lower protruding portion, 12c: Upper protruding portion, 13: Bracket, 14: Skid, 15a to 15d, 16 : Square bar, 17: Wooden box (box), 18: Fastening means, 19: Steel pipe (metal bar), 20: Support bracket, 21: First clamp, 22: Second clamp, 23 : Receiving part, 24: through hole, 25: tubular part, 26, 27: support plate, 28: through hole, 29: tubular part, 30, 31: support plate, 32: through hole, 33: turnbuckle, 34: Mounting bracket, 35: through hole, 36, 37: rotating shaft, 38: shackle, 39: trunk, 40: opening

Claims (4)

An uncovered container placed and fixed on a transport means and a skid disposed on the uncovered container and fixed to a box housing a cargo are fixed using fastening means made of hardware, and the skid In the method of securing cargo to be fixed on the open container ,
The fastening means has a turnbuckle, and adjusts the tension of the fastening means by tightening the turnbuckle;
The skid is configured by combining a plurality of wooden square members, a metal bar is inserted into the skid, and one side of the turnbuckle is connected to the skid via the bar. Cargo lashing method characterized by. 2. The cargo securing method according to claim 1 , wherein the fastening means further includes one or a plurality of first shackles, and couples the bar and the turnbuckle through the first shackles. A cargo securing method characterized by that. 3. The cargo securing method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the fastening means further includes one or a plurality of second shackles, and the lidless container and the turnbuckle are connected via the second shackles. A cargo securing method characterized by linking. The cargo securing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the open container is a flat rack container.

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