JP6593647B2 - Vehicle collision detection device - Google Patents

Vehicle collision detection device Download PDF

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JP6593647B2
JP6593647B2 JP2016052416A JP2016052416A JP6593647B2 JP 6593647 B2 JP6593647 B2 JP 6593647B2 JP 2016052416 A JP2016052416 A JP 2016052416A JP 2016052416 A JP2016052416 A JP 2016052416A JP 6593647 B2 JP6593647 B2 JP 6593647B2
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vehicle
collision detection
bumper cover
intermediate member
piezoelectric film
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JP2017165264A (en
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皓太 天野
貴敏 田辺
往広 斉藤
亜星 若林
和久 橋本
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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Priority to PCT/JP2017/005062 priority patent/WO2017159157A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/013Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over
    • B60R21/0136Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over responsive to actual contact with an obstacle, e.g. to vehicle deformation, bumper displacement or bumper velocity relative to the vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/48Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects combined with, or convertible into, other devices or objects, e.g. bumpers combined with road brushes, bumpers convertible into beds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/48Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects combined with, or convertible into, other devices or objects, e.g. bumpers combined with road brushes, bumpers convertible into beds
    • B60R19/483Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects combined with, or convertible into, other devices or objects, e.g. bumpers combined with road brushes, bumpers convertible into beds with obstacle sensors of electric or electronic type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/34Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Description

本発明は、車両への歩行者等の衝突を検出する車両用衝突検知装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle collision detection device that detects a collision of a pedestrian or the like with a vehicle.

従来、車両に衝突が発生したことを検出するための車両用衝突検知装置として、圧電フィルム等の変形センサを有して構成された車両用衝突検知装置を備えた車両がある。この車両用衝突検知装置では、バンパカバーの内面に車幅方向に沿って面状の圧電フィルムが設けられ、車両の前面における衝突を検出するものである。圧電フィルムは、圧電性高分子材料等からなり、歪みを与えると電荷を発生させ、逆に電荷を与えると歪みを生じるものである。この構成の車両用衝突検知装置では、バンパカバーへ歩行者等が衝突すると、バンパカバーの変形に伴って圧電フィルムが変形し、圧電フィルムの電圧が変化する。この電圧変化を検出することに基づいて、車両に衝突が発生したことを検知している。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a vehicle including a vehicle collision detection device configured to include a deformation sensor such as a piezoelectric film as a vehicle collision detection device for detecting that a collision has occurred in a vehicle. In this vehicle collision detection device, a planar piezoelectric film is provided on the inner surface of the bumper cover along the vehicle width direction to detect a collision on the front surface of the vehicle. The piezoelectric film is made of a piezoelectric polymer material or the like, and generates a charge when applied with a strain, and conversely generates a strain when applied with a charge. In the vehicle collision detection device having this configuration, when a pedestrian or the like collides with the bumper cover, the piezoelectric film is deformed along with the deformation of the bumper cover, and the voltage of the piezoelectric film changes. Based on detecting this voltage change, it is detected that a collision has occurred in the vehicle.

特開2005−147983号公報Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-147983

上記した車両用衝突検知装置では、例えば被覆部材で被覆された圧電フィルム等の変形センサをバンパカバーの裏面に車幅方向に沿って取り付ける構造となっている。ここで、バンパカバーは、ポリプロピレン等の樹脂製の部材からなるもので、温度が高くなると所定の負荷荷重に対する変形量が大きくなるという温度特性を有している。このため、温度が高くなると衝突時におけるバンパカバーの変形量が増加し、これに伴って圧電フィルムの電圧変化も大きくなる。従って、上記変形センサを有する車両用衝突検知装置では、バンパに加わる衝撃力が同一であっても温度によって変形センサの出力が異なることが想定されるため、衝突時の変形センサの出力が温度変化に伴ってばらつくことに起因する衝突検知精度の低下を防止する必要があるという課題がある。   In the above-described vehicle collision detection device, for example, a deformation sensor such as a piezoelectric film covered with a covering member is attached to the back surface of the bumper cover along the vehicle width direction. Here, the bumper cover is made of a resin member such as polypropylene, and has a temperature characteristic that the amount of deformation with respect to a predetermined load increases as the temperature increases. For this reason, when the temperature rises, the amount of deformation of the bumper cover at the time of collision increases, and accordingly, the voltage change of the piezoelectric film also increases. Therefore, in the vehicle collision detection apparatus having the deformation sensor, it is assumed that the output of the deformation sensor differs depending on the temperature even if the impact force applied to the bumper is the same. Therefore, there is a problem that it is necessary to prevent a decrease in collision detection accuracy due to variation.

本発明は、上述した課題を解決するためになされたものであり、温度変化に伴う衝突検知精度の低下を防止可能とした車両用衝突検知装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle collision detection device that can prevent a decrease in collision detection accuracy associated with a temperature change.

上記目的を解決するためになされた請求項1に記載の車両用衝突検知装置(1)は、車両のバンパカバー(7)の車両後方側に車幅方向に沿って設けられ、衝突時におけるバンパカバーの変形に伴って負荷される荷重により電気変位を出力する変形センサ(2)と、所定の負荷荷重に対する変形量が温度上昇に伴って増加する温度特性を有し、バンパカバーと変形センサとの間に挟装され且つ車幅方向に間隔をあけて複数配置された中間部材(3,31)と、バンパカバーの変形に伴って出力される変形センサの電気変位に基づいて、バンパカバーへ物体(H)が衝突したことを検出する衝突検知部(5)と、を備え、中間部材は、所定の負荷荷重に対する変形量の温度上昇に伴う増加率がバンパカバーにおける増加率と同じ又はそれ以上である温度特性を有し、更に、物体の衝突時にバンパカバーが変形する車幅方向長さ以上の間隔(L,L1)を車幅方向にあけて配設されている。

The vehicle collision detection device (1) according to claim 1, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned object, is provided along the vehicle width direction on the vehicle rear side of the bumper cover (7) of the vehicle. A deformation sensor (2) for outputting an electric displacement by a load applied in accordance with the deformation of the cover; and a temperature characteristic in which a deformation amount with respect to a predetermined load increases with an increase in temperature, a bumper cover, a deformation sensor, A plurality of intermediate members (3, 31) that are sandwiched between them and arranged at intervals in the vehicle width direction and to the bumper cover based on the electrical displacement of the deformation sensor that is output as the bumper cover is deformed. collision detecting unit for detecting that the object (H) collides with (5), Bei give a intermediate member is the same or increased rate with increasing temperature of the deformation amount for a given applied load is the increase rate of the bumper cover More than that That has a temperature characteristic, further, are arranged apart in the vehicle width direction length or intervals bumper cover is deformed when the object of collision (L, L1) in the vehicle width direction.

この構成によれば、バンパカバーと変形センサとの間に、所定の負荷荷重に対する変形量が温度上昇に伴って増加する温度特性を有する中間部材を複数配置することにより、低温時には中間部材が固く変形し難いため、衝突に伴う外力が中間部材において殆ど吸収されることなく変形センサへ伝達されて変形センサが変形する。一方、高温時には中間部材が柔らかくなって変形センサよりも優先的に変形して負荷荷重の一部が吸収されるので、変形センサに加わる負荷荷重が抑制され、変形センサの変形が抑制される。これにより、温度上昇に伴って変形センサの電圧変化が大きくなることを防ぐことができ、衝突時の変形センサの出力が温度変化に伴ってばらつくことに起因する車両用衝突検知装置の衝突検知精度の低下を防止できる。尚、この欄及び特許請求の範囲で記載した各手段の括弧内の符号は、後述する実施形態に記載の具体的手段との対応関係を示すものである。   According to this configuration, by arranging a plurality of intermediate members having a temperature characteristic in which the deformation amount with respect to a predetermined load load increases as the temperature rises between the bumper cover and the deformation sensor, the intermediate member becomes hard at low temperatures. Since it is difficult to deform, the external force accompanying the collision is transmitted to the deformation sensor with almost no absorption by the intermediate member, and the deformation sensor is deformed. On the other hand, when the temperature is high, the intermediate member softens and deforms preferentially over the deformation sensor, and a part of the load is absorbed. Therefore, the load applied to the deformation sensor is suppressed, and the deformation of the deformation sensor is suppressed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the voltage change of the deformation sensor from increasing as the temperature rises, and the collision detection accuracy of the vehicle collision detection device resulting from the variation in the output of the deformation sensor accompanying the temperature change. Can be prevented. In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each means described in this column and the claim shows the correspondence with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.

本発明の第1の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置の全体構成を示す図である。1 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a vehicle collision detection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 図1のバンパ部の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of the bumper part of FIG. 図2のバンパ部のIII−III断面図である。FIG. 3 is a III-III cross-sectional view of the bumper portion of FIG. 2. 第1の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置の電気的構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the electric constitution of the collision detection apparatus for vehicles of 1st Embodiment. 低温時におけるバンパカバーへの物体の衝突の様子を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the mode of the collision of the object to a bumper cover at the time of low temperature. 高温時におけるバンパカバーへの物体の衝突の様子を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the mode of the collision of the object to a bumper cover at the time of high temperature. バンパカバーの荷重−変位特性の温度特性を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the temperature characteristic of the load-displacement characteristic of a bumper cover. 中間部材の荷重−変位特性の温度特性を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the temperature characteristic of the load-displacement characteristic of an intermediate member. 圧電フィルムに加わる負荷荷重と温度変化との関係を中間部材の有無により比較して示すグラフである。It is a graph which compares and shows the relationship between the load applied to a piezoelectric film, and a temperature change by the presence or absence of an intermediate member. 第1の実施形態における衝突判定処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the collision determination process in 1st Embodiment. 第2の実施形態におけるバンパ部の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of the bumper part in a 2nd embodiment. 第3の実施形態におけるバンパ部の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the bumper part in 3rd Embodiment. 第4の実施形態におけるバンパ部の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the bumper part in 4th Embodiment. 第5の実施形態におけるバンパ部の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the bumper part in 5th Embodiment.

[第1の実施形態]
以下、本発明の第1の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置について、図1〜図10を参照して説明する。図1及び図2に示すように、本実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置1は、圧電フィルム2(変形センサに相当)、中間部材3、速度センサ4、衝突検知ECU5等を備えて構成される。この車両用衝突検知装置1は、車両前方に設けられたバンパ6への物体(即ち、歩行者H)の衝突を検知するものである。このバンパ6は、図3にも示すように、バンパカバー7、バンパアブソーバ8、バンパレインフォースメント9を主体として構成されている。
[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a vehicle collision detection apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle collision detection device 1 of this embodiment includes a piezoelectric film 2 (corresponding to a deformation sensor), an intermediate member 3, a speed sensor 4, a collision detection ECU 5, and the like. . This vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 detects a collision of an object (that is, a pedestrian H) with a bumper 6 provided in front of the vehicle. As shown in FIG. 3, the bumper 6 is mainly composed of a bumper cover 7, a bumper absorber 8, and a bumper reinforcement 9.

圧電フィルム2は、図示しないが、一対の電極に挟まれたピエゾ素子を有して構成された薄膜状の部材である。圧電フィルム2は、車幅方向(即ち、車両左右方向)に長い矩形状をなし、図1及び図2に示すように、バンパカバー7の車両後方側に車幅方向に沿って設けられる。また、圧電フィルム2は、図3に示すように、バンパカバー7の車両後方側において、歩行者Hが衝突すると想定される車両上下方向の位置に配置される。   Although not shown, the piezoelectric film 2 is a thin film-like member configured to have a piezoelectric element sandwiched between a pair of electrodes. The piezoelectric film 2 has a long rectangular shape in the vehicle width direction (that is, the vehicle left-right direction), and is provided along the vehicle width direction on the vehicle rear side of the bumper cover 7 as shown in FIGS. Moreover, the piezoelectric film 2 is arrange | positioned in the vehicle up-down direction position where the pedestrian H is assumed to collide on the vehicle rear side of the bumper cover 7, as shown in FIG.

圧電フィルム2は、例えばポリフッ化ビニリデン等の圧電性高分子材料からなる。この圧電フィルム2は、外部から荷重を負荷して応力を加えると応力に比例した電気変位を出力し、逆に電気変位を与えると電気変位に比例した歪みを生じるものである。本実施形態の圧電フィルム2は、歩行者H等との衝突によりバンパカバー7が変形すると、後述する中間部材3を介して荷重が負荷され、この負荷荷重に比例した電圧を出力する。   The piezoelectric film 2 is made of a piezoelectric polymer material such as polyvinylidene fluoride. The piezoelectric film 2 outputs an electric displacement proportional to the stress when a load is applied from the outside and a stress is applied, and conversely, when an electric displacement is applied, a distortion proportional to the electric displacement is generated. When the bumper cover 7 is deformed due to a collision with a pedestrian H or the like, the piezoelectric film 2 of the present embodiment is loaded with an intermediate member 3 described later, and outputs a voltage proportional to the load.

また、圧電フィルム2は、図1に示すように、その一端部(即ち、車幅方向左側端部)が伝送線を介して衝突検知ECU5に接続されている。圧電フィルム2は、衝突時におけるバンパカバー7の変形に伴って負荷される荷重に比例した電気変位(即ち、電圧)を、信号線を介して衝突検知ECU5へ出力する。   Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the piezoelectric film 2 has one end portion (that is, the left end portion in the vehicle width direction) connected to the collision detection ECU 5 via a transmission line. The piezoelectric film 2 outputs an electric displacement (that is, a voltage) proportional to the load applied with the deformation of the bumper cover 7 at the time of collision to the collision detection ECU 5 via a signal line.

本実施形態では、バンパカバー7と圧電フィルム2との間に、複数の中間部材3が車幅方向に所定の間隔をあけて配置されている。具体的には、中間部材3は、車幅方向に等間隔Lをあけて、9つ配設されている。各中間部材3どうしの間隔Lの長さは、歩行者Hの衝突時にバンパカバー7が変形する車幅方向長さ(例えば、100mm程度)以上に設定されている。具体的には、間隔Lの長さは、例えば200mm程度に設定されている。   In the present embodiment, a plurality of intermediate members 3 are arranged between the bumper cover 7 and the piezoelectric film 2 at a predetermined interval in the vehicle width direction. Specifically, nine intermediate members 3 are arranged at equal intervals L in the vehicle width direction. The length of the interval L between the intermediate members 3 is set to a length in the vehicle width direction (for example, about 100 mm) at which the bumper cover 7 is deformed when the pedestrian H collides. Specifically, the length of the interval L is set to about 200 mm, for example.

複数の中間部材3は、それぞれバンパカバー7と圧電フィルム2との間に挟装されている。具体的には、各中間部材3は、バンパカバー7の後面及び圧電フィルム2の前面に、例えば接着固定されている。各中間部材3は、矩形の断面形状を有し、車両上下方向に延設されている。   The plurality of intermediate members 3 are respectively sandwiched between the bumper cover 7 and the piezoelectric film 2. Specifically, each intermediate member 3 is, for example, bonded and fixed to the rear surface of the bumper cover 7 and the front surface of the piezoelectric film 2. Each intermediate member 3 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape and extends in the vehicle vertical direction.

また、各中間部材3は、合成ゴム(例えば、エチレンプロピレンゴム等)からなり、図8に示すように、低温時における所定の負荷荷重Fに対する変形量S1よりも、高温時における所定の負荷荷重Fに対する変形量S2の方が大きくなる温度特性を有している。中間部材3の材質としては、図7に示すバンパカバー7の温度特性と同等以上の温度特性を有するものであればよく、他にもエラストマー、合成樹脂などでもよい。   Each intermediate member 3 is made of synthetic rubber (for example, ethylene propylene rubber), and as shown in FIG. 8, a predetermined load load at a high temperature is higher than a deformation amount S1 with respect to a predetermined load load F at a low temperature. It has a temperature characteristic that the deformation amount S2 with respect to F becomes larger. The material of the intermediate member 3 may be any material as long as it has a temperature characteristic equal to or higher than that of the bumper cover 7 shown in FIG. 7, and may be an elastomer, a synthetic resin, or the like.

速度センサ4は、車両の速度を検出するセンサ装置であり、衝突検知ECU5に信号線を介して電気的に接続されている。この速度センサ4は、車両速度に比例した信号を衝突検知ECU5へ送信する。   The speed sensor 4 is a sensor device that detects the speed of the vehicle, and is electrically connected to the collision detection ECU 5 via a signal line. The speed sensor 4 transmits a signal proportional to the vehicle speed to the collision detection ECU 5.

衝突検知ECU5は、CPUを主体として構成され、車両用衝突検知装置1の動作全般を制御するものである。衝突検知ECU5は、図1及び図4に示すように、車両内に設けられ、圧電フィルム2、速度センサ4、及び歩行者保護装置10のそれぞれに電気的に接続されている。衝突検知ECU5には、圧電フィルム2からの電圧信号、速度センサ4からの速度信号等が入力される。衝突検知ECU5は、バンパカバー7の変形に伴って出力される圧電フィルム2からの電圧信号、及び速度センサ4からの速度信号に基づいて、所定の衝突判定処理を実行し、バンパカバー7への歩行者H等の物体の衝突を検出する。衝突検知ECU5は、歩行者との衝突が発生したものと判定した場合、制御信号を出力して歩行者保護装置10を作動させる。   The collision detection ECU 5 is composed mainly of a CPU, and controls the overall operation of the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the collision detection ECU 5 is provided in the vehicle and is electrically connected to the piezoelectric film 2, the speed sensor 4, and the pedestrian protection device 10. A voltage signal from the piezoelectric film 2, a speed signal from the speed sensor 4, and the like are input to the collision detection ECU 5. The collision detection ECU 5 executes a predetermined collision determination process on the basis of the voltage signal from the piezoelectric film 2 output along with the deformation of the bumper cover 7 and the speed signal from the speed sensor 4, and outputs to the bumper cover 7. A collision of an object such as a pedestrian H is detected. When the collision detection ECU 5 determines that a collision with a pedestrian has occurred, the collision detection ECU 5 outputs a control signal to operate the pedestrian protection device 10.

バンパ6は、車両の衝突時における衝撃を和らげるためのものであり、バンパカバー7、バンパアブソーバ8、バンパレインフォースメント9等から構成される。バンパカバー7は、バンパ6の構成部品を覆うように設けられ、ポリプロピレン等の樹脂製の部材である。このバンパカバー7は、バンパ6の外観を構成すると同時に、車両全体の外観の一部を構成するものとなっている。   The bumper 6 is for reducing an impact at the time of a vehicle collision, and includes a bumper cover 7, a bumper absorber 8, a bumper reinforcement 9, and the like. The bumper cover 7 is provided so as to cover the components of the bumper 6 and is a resin member such as polypropylene. The bumper cover 7 constitutes the appearance of the bumper 6 and at the same time constitutes a part of the appearance of the entire vehicle.

バンパアブソーバ8は、バンパレインフォースメント9の前面9aに対向する位置に配設される。このバンパアブソーバ8は、車両の歩行者H等との衝突時にバンパ6において衝撃吸収の作用を受け持つ部材であり、例えば発泡ポリプロピレン等からなる。   The bumper absorber 8 is disposed at a position facing the front surface 9 a of the bumper reinforcement 9. The bumper absorber 8 is a member that has an impact absorbing function in the bumper 6 when it collides with a pedestrian H of the vehicle, and is made of, for example, foamed polypropylene.

バンパレインフォースメント9は、バンパカバー7内に配設されて車幅方向に延びるアルミニウム等の金属製の剛性部材であって、図3に示すように、内部中央に梁が設けられた中空部材である。また、バンパレインフォースメント9は、車両前方側の面である前面9aと、車両後方側の面である後面9bとを有している。このバンパレインフォースメント9は、図1及び図2に示すように、車両前後方向に延びる一対の金属製部材であるサイドメンバ11の前端に取り付けられる。   The bumper reinforcement 9 is a rigid member made of metal such as aluminum which is disposed in the bumper cover 7 and extends in the vehicle width direction. As shown in FIG. It is. The bumper reinforcement 9 has a front surface 9a that is a surface on the front side of the vehicle and a rear surface 9b that is a surface on the rear side of the vehicle. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bumper reinforcement 9 is attached to the front end of a side member 11 that is a pair of metal members extending in the vehicle front-rear direction.

通常、車両の衝突事故においては、車両の進行方向(即ち、車両前方)に存在する歩行者H等と衝突する場合が多い。このため、本実施形態では、圧電フィルム2を車両前方に設けられたバンパカバー7の車両後方側に中間部材3を介して配設し、車両前方の歩行者Hとの衝突に伴う衝撃が、バンパカバー7から中間部材3を介して圧電フィルム2に伝わるようにしている。   Usually, in a vehicle collision accident, the vehicle often collides with a pedestrian H or the like existing in the traveling direction of the vehicle (that is, in front of the vehicle). For this reason, in this embodiment, the piezoelectric film 2 is disposed on the vehicle rear side of the bumper cover 7 provided in the front of the vehicle via the intermediate member 3, and the impact caused by the collision with the pedestrian H in the front of the vehicle is It is transmitted from the bumper cover 7 to the piezoelectric film 2 via the intermediate member 3.

なお、図示しないが、バンパアブソーバ8の後面に設けられた嵌合凸部が、バンパレインフォースメント9の前面9aに設けられた嵌合凹部に嵌め合わされることにより、バンパアブソーバ8のバンパレインフォースメント9への組付けが行われるものとする。   Although not shown, the fitting convex portion provided on the rear surface of the bumper absorber 8 is fitted into the fitting concave portion provided on the front surface 9a of the bumper reinforcement 9, so that the bumper reinforcement of the bumper absorber 8 is provided. Assume that the attachment to the ment 9 is performed.

歩行者保護装置10としては、例えばポップアップフードを用いる。このポップアップフードは、車両の衝突検知後瞬時に、エンジンフードの後端を上昇させ、歩行者Hとエンジン等の硬い部品とのクリアランスを増加させ、そのスペースを用いて歩行者Hの頭部への衝突エネルギーを吸収し、歩行者Hの頭部への衝撃を低減させるものである。なお、ポップアップフードの代わりに、車体外部のエンジンフード上からフロントウィンド下部にかけてエアバッグを展開させて歩行者Hの衝撃を緩衝するカウルエアバッグ等を用いてもよい。   For example, a pop-up hood is used as the pedestrian protection device 10. This pop-up hood raises the rear end of the engine hood instantly after detecting a vehicle collision, increases the clearance between the pedestrian H and a hard part such as the engine, and uses that space to the pedestrian H's head. The impact energy on the head of the pedestrian H is reduced. Instead of the pop-up hood, a cowl airbag or the like that buffers the impact of the pedestrian H by deploying the airbag from the engine hood outside the vehicle body to the lower portion of the front window may be used.

次に、本実施形態における車両用衝突検知装置1の衝突時の動作について説明する。車両前方に歩行者H等の物体が衝突した際には、バンパカバー7が歩行者Hとの衝突による衝撃により変形する。続いて、バンパカバー7の後面に設けられた中間部材3に衝突に伴う外力が加わると共に、中間部材3を介して圧電フィル2へ荷重が加わる。このとき、圧電フィルム2は、負荷された荷重に比例した電圧信号を衝突検知ECU5へ出力する。   Next, operation | movement at the time of the collision of the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 in this embodiment is demonstrated. When an object such as a pedestrian H collides with the front of the vehicle, the bumper cover 7 is deformed by an impact caused by the collision with the pedestrian H. Subsequently, an external force accompanying the collision is applied to the intermediate member 3 provided on the rear surface of the bumper cover 7, and a load is applied to the piezoelectric film 2 via the intermediate member 3. At this time, the piezoelectric film 2 outputs a voltage signal proportional to the applied load to the collision detection ECU 5.

ここで、上記中間部材3は、図8に示すように、所定の負荷荷重Sに対する変形量の温度上昇に伴う増加率が、図7に示すバンパカバー7における増加率と同等以上である温度特性を有するものである。即ち、中間部材3は、低温時における所定の負荷荷重Sに対する変形量S1に比べ、高温時における負荷荷重Sに対する変形量S2の方が大きくなる。これにより、低温時には、図5に示すように、中間部材3が固く変形し難いため、衝突に伴う外力が中間部材3において殆ど吸収されることなく圧電フィルム2へ伝達されて圧電フィルム2が変形する。これに対して、高温時には、図6に示すように、中間部材3が柔らかくなって圧電フィルム2よりも優先的に変形して負荷荷重の一部が吸収されるので、圧電フィルム2に加わる負荷荷重が抑制され、圧電フィルム2の変形が抑制される。   Here, as shown in FIG. 8, the intermediate member 3 has a temperature characteristic in which the rate of increase accompanying the temperature rise of the deformation amount with respect to the predetermined load S is equal to or higher than the rate of increase in the bumper cover 7 shown in FIG. It is what has. That is, in the intermediate member 3, the deformation amount S2 with respect to the load load S at the high temperature is larger than the deformation amount S1 with respect to the predetermined load load S at the low temperature. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 5, since the intermediate member 3 is hard and difficult to deform at low temperatures, the external force accompanying the collision is transmitted to the piezoelectric film 2 with almost no absorption by the intermediate member 3, and the piezoelectric film 2 is deformed. To do. On the other hand, when the temperature is high, as shown in FIG. 6, the intermediate member 3 becomes soft and deforms preferentially over the piezoelectric film 2 so that a part of the load is absorbed. The load is suppressed and the deformation of the piezoelectric film 2 is suppressed.

従って、図9に示すように、バンパカバー7に加わる衝撃力を同一として温度を変化させた場合、中間部材3がない比較例では、圧電フィルム2に加わる負荷荷重が温度上昇に伴って大きくなるのに対し、中間部材3を有する本実施形態では、圧電フィルム2に加わる負荷荷重は温度上昇に拘わらず略一定である。つまり、バンパカバー7と圧電フィルム2との間に中間部材3を設けることによって、圧電フィルム2の電圧変化が温度上昇の影響を受けることを防ぐことを可能としている。   Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, when the temperature is changed with the same impact force applied to the bumper cover 7, the load applied to the piezoelectric film 2 increases as the temperature rises in the comparative example without the intermediate member 3. On the other hand, in the present embodiment having the intermediate member 3, the load applied to the piezoelectric film 2 is substantially constant regardless of the temperature rise. That is, by providing the intermediate member 3 between the bumper cover 7 and the piezoelectric film 2, it is possible to prevent the voltage change of the piezoelectric film 2 from being affected by the temperature rise.

即ち、バンパカバー7と圧電フィルム2との間に中間部材3がない比較例では、図7に示すように、低温時における所定の負荷荷重Fに対するバンパカバー7の変形量Sb1よりも、高温時における負荷荷重Fに対するバンパカバー7の変形量Sb2の方が大きくなる。このため、バンパカバー7の温度上昇に伴う変形量の増加率が圧電フィルム2の変形量に直接影響を与え、温度上昇に伴って衝突時における圧電フィルム2の出力が大きくなる。一方、バンパカバー7と圧電フィルム2との間に中間部材3がある本実施形態では、低温時には、図5に示すように中間部材3が変形し難いため圧電フィルム2の歪みが大きくなる。これに対して、高温時には、図6に示すように中間部材3が圧電フィルム2よりも優先的に変形するため、圧電フィルム2の歪みが小さくなる。これにより、温度上昇に伴って衝突時の圧電フィルム2の出力がばらつくことを抑止している。   That is, in the comparative example in which the intermediate member 3 is not provided between the bumper cover 7 and the piezoelectric film 2, as shown in FIG. 7, when the temperature is higher than the deformation amount Sb1 of the bumper cover 7 with respect to a predetermined load F at a low temperature. The amount of deformation Sb2 of the bumper cover 7 with respect to the load F is increased. For this reason, the increasing rate of the deformation amount accompanying the temperature rise of the bumper cover 7 directly affects the deformation amount of the piezoelectric film 2, and the output of the piezoelectric film 2 at the time of collision increases with the temperature rise. On the other hand, in the present embodiment in which the intermediate member 3 is provided between the bumper cover 7 and the piezoelectric film 2, the distortion of the piezoelectric film 2 increases because the intermediate member 3 is not easily deformed at low temperatures as shown in FIG. 5. On the other hand, since the intermediate member 3 deforms preferentially over the piezoelectric film 2 as shown in FIG. 6 at a high temperature, the distortion of the piezoelectric film 2 is reduced. Thereby, it is suppressed that the output of the piezoelectric film 2 at the time of a collision varies with a temperature rise.

更に、本実施形態では、複数の中間部材3は、歩行者Hの衝突時にバンパカバー7が変形する車幅方向長さ以上の間隔Lを車幅方向にあけて配設されている。これにより、図5及び図6に示すように、隣接した中間部材3の間の車幅方向位置において、歩行者Hが衝突する確率を高めることができ、上記した中間部材3を設けることによる圧電フィルム2の出力調節効果を良好に得ることが可能となっている。   Further, in the present embodiment, the plurality of intermediate members 3 are arranged with an interval L in the vehicle width direction that is equal to or longer than the vehicle width direction length at which the bumper cover 7 is deformed when the pedestrian H collides. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, it is possible to increase the probability that the pedestrian H will collide at the position in the vehicle width direction between the adjacent intermediate members 3, and the piezoelectric by providing the intermediate member 3 described above. The output adjustment effect of the film 2 can be obtained satisfactorily.

次に、上記構成を有する車両用衝突検知装置1による衝突判定処理の流れについて、図10のフローチャートも参照して説明する。ただし、このフローチャートは一例であり、これに限定されるものではない。本実施形態の衝突判定処理においては、圧電フィルム2及び速度センサ4の検出結果に基づいて、歩行者保護装置10の作動を要する歩行者Hとの衝突が発生したか否かの判定を行う。   Next, the flow of the collision determination process by the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. However, this flowchart is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this. In the collision determination process of this embodiment, it is determined whether or not a collision with the pedestrian H that requires the operation of the pedestrian protection device 10 has occurred based on the detection results of the piezoelectric film 2 and the speed sensor 4.

まず、図10のフローチャートにおいて、ステップS1(以下、ステップを省略)において、車両用衝突検知装置1の衝突検知ECU5は、速度センサ4からの出力により車両速度を取得し、S2において車両速度が所定の作動範囲内か否かの判定を行う。この車両速度の作動範囲としては、例えば時速25km〜55kmの範囲であるとする。この作動範囲は、歩行者保護装置10の歩行者保護機能が有効に作用する速度が車両形状等の条件によって決まっていることによる。   First, in the flowchart of FIG. 10, in step S1 (hereinafter, step is omitted), the collision detection ECU 5 of the vehicle collision detection device 1 acquires the vehicle speed from the output from the speed sensor 4, and the vehicle speed is predetermined in S2. It is determined whether or not it is within the operating range. The operating range of the vehicle speed is, for example, a range of 25 km to 55 km / h. This operating range is due to the fact that the speed at which the pedestrian protection function of the pedestrian protection device 10 acts effectively is determined by conditions such as the vehicle shape.

S2でNoの場合、衝突検知ECU5は、車両速度が作動範囲内でないものと判定し、S1に戻る。一方、S2でYesの場合、衝突検知ECU5は、車両速度が作動範囲内であるものと判定し、S3において圧電フィルム2の電圧値を取得し、S4へ進む。   In the case of No in S2, the collision detection ECU 5 determines that the vehicle speed is not within the operating range, and returns to S1. On the other hand, in the case of Yes in S2, the collision detection ECU 5 determines that the vehicle speed is within the operating range, acquires the voltage value of the piezoelectric film 2 in S3, and proceeds to S4.

S4では、衝突検知ECU5は、圧電フィルム2の電圧値が閾値以上か否かの判定を行う。S4でNoの場合、即ち、圧電フィルム2の電圧値が閾値未満の場合にはS1に戻る。一方、S4でYesの場合、即ち、圧電フィルム2の電圧値が閾値以上の場合、S5へ進み、衝突検知ECU5は、車両の歩行者Hとの衝突が発生したものと判定する。   In S4, the collision detection ECU 5 determines whether or not the voltage value of the piezoelectric film 2 is greater than or equal to a threshold value. If No in S4, that is, if the voltage value of the piezoelectric film 2 is less than the threshold value, the process returns to S1. On the other hand, if Yes in S4, that is, if the voltage value of the piezoelectric film 2 is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the process proceeds to S5, and the collision detection ECU 5 determines that a collision with the pedestrian H of the vehicle has occurred.

なお、衝突判定の閾値は、ロードサイドマーカ等のOFF要件対象物との衝突(即ち、OFF衝突)時に圧電フィル2から出力される電圧値よりも大きな値に設定されている。これにより、ON要件対象物である歩行者H等との衝突(即ち、ON衝突)とOFF衝突とを区別できるようにしている。   Note that the threshold value for collision determination is set to a value larger than the voltage value output from the piezoelectric film 2 at the time of collision with an OFF requirement target object such as a roadside marker (that is, OFF collision). This makes it possible to distinguish a collision with a pedestrian H or the like that is an ON requirement target (ie, an ON collision) and an OFF collision.

そして、S6において、衝突検知ECU5は、歩行者保護装置10を作動させる制御信号を出力して、歩行者保護装置10を作動させる。これにより、車両の歩行者Hとの衝突による歩行者Hへの衝撃を低減させる。   And in S6, collision detection ECU5 outputs the control signal which operates the pedestrian protection apparatus 10, and operates the pedestrian protection apparatus 10. FIG. Thereby, the impact to the pedestrian H by the collision with the pedestrian H of a vehicle is reduced.

以上説明したように、第1の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置1は、車両のバンパカバー7の車両後方側に車幅方向に沿って設けられ、衝突時におけるバンパカバー7の変形に伴って負荷される荷重により電気変位(即ち、電圧)を出力する変形センサとしての圧電フィルム2と、所定の負荷荷重Fに対する変形量が温度上昇に伴って増加する温度特性を有し、バンパカバー7と圧電フィルム2との間に挟装され且つ車幅方向に間隔Lをあけて複数配置された中間部材3と、バンパカバー7の変形に伴って出力される圧電フィルム2の電気変位に基づいて、バンパカバー7へ物体(即ち、歩行者H)が衝突したことを検出する衝突検知部である衝突検知ECU5と、を備えている。   As described above, the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment is provided along the vehicle width direction on the vehicle rear side of the bumper cover 7 of the vehicle, and accompanying the deformation of the bumper cover 7 at the time of the collision. A piezoelectric film 2 as a deformation sensor that outputs an electrical displacement (that is, voltage) by a load applied thereto, a temperature characteristic in which a deformation amount with respect to a predetermined load load F increases as the temperature rises; Based on the electrical displacement of the piezoelectric film 2 that is output along with the deformation of the bumper cover 7 and the intermediate member 3 that is sandwiched between the piezoelectric film 2 and arranged at intervals L in the vehicle width direction. A collision detection ECU 5 that is a collision detection unit that detects that an object (that is, a pedestrian H) has collided with the bumper cover 7.

この構成によれば、バンパカバー7と圧電フィルム2との間に、所定の負荷荷重に対する変形量が温度上昇に伴って増加する温度特性を有する中間部材3を複数配置することにより、低温時には中間部材3が固く変形し難いため、衝突に伴う外力が中間部材3において殆ど吸収されることなく圧電フィルム2へ伝達されて圧電フィルム2が変形する。一方、高温時には中間部材3が柔らかくなって圧電フィルム2よりも優先的に変形して負荷荷重の一部が吸収されるので、圧電フィルム2に加わる負荷荷重が抑制され、圧電フィルム2の変形が抑制される。これにより、圧電フィルム2の電圧変化が温度上昇の影響を受けることを防ぐことができ、衝突時の圧電フィルム2の出力が温度変化に伴ってばらつくことに起因する車両用衝突検知装置1の衝突検知精度の低下を防止できる。   According to this configuration, a plurality of intermediate members 3 having a temperature characteristic in which the deformation amount with respect to a predetermined load is increased as the temperature rises are disposed between the bumper cover 7 and the piezoelectric film 2. Since the member 3 is hard and difficult to deform, the external force accompanying the collision is transmitted to the piezoelectric film 2 without being absorbed by the intermediate member 3 and the piezoelectric film 2 is deformed. On the other hand, since the intermediate member 3 becomes soft and deforms preferentially over the piezoelectric film 2 at a high temperature and a part of the load is absorbed, the load applied to the piezoelectric film 2 is suppressed, and the deformation of the piezoelectric film 2 is prevented. It is suppressed. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the voltage change of the piezoelectric film 2 from being affected by the temperature rise, and the collision of the vehicle collision detection device 1 caused by the variation of the output of the piezoelectric film 2 at the time of the collision with the temperature change. A decrease in detection accuracy can be prevented.

また、中間部材3は、合成ゴムからなり、所定の負荷荷重Fに対する変形量の温度上昇に伴う増加率がバンパカバー7における増加率と同等以上である温度特性を有する。   Further, the intermediate member 3 is made of synthetic rubber, and has a temperature characteristic that an increase rate of the deformation amount with respect to a predetermined load F with a temperature increase is equal to or higher than an increase rate in the bumper cover 7.

この構成によれば、中間部材3は、所定の負荷荷重Fに対する変形量の温度上昇に伴う増加率がバンパカバー7における増加率と同等以上である温度特性を有する合成ゴムからなるので、低温時には中間部材3を固く変形し難くでき、高温時には中間部材3を柔らかくして変形し易くできる。これにより、低温時には衝突に伴う外力が中間部材3において殆ど吸収されることなく圧電フィルム2へ伝達されるのに対し、高温時には中間部材3が圧電フィルム2よりも優先的に変形して負荷荷重の一部を吸収することで、圧電フィルム2に加わる負荷荷重を確実に抑制できる。   According to this configuration, the intermediate member 3 is made of synthetic rubber having a temperature characteristic in which an increase rate of the deformation amount with respect to a predetermined load F with a temperature increase is equal to or higher than an increase rate in the bumper cover 7. The intermediate member 3 can be hard and difficult to deform, and the intermediate member 3 can be softened and easily deformed at high temperatures. As a result, the external force associated with the collision is transmitted to the piezoelectric film 2 almost without being absorbed by the intermediate member 3 at a low temperature, whereas the intermediate member 3 is preferentially deformed over the piezoelectric film 2 at a high temperature to cause a load load. By absorbing a part of the load, the load applied to the piezoelectric film 2 can be reliably suppressed.

また、中間部材3は、歩行者Hの衝突時にバンパカバー7が変形する車幅方向長さ以上の間隔Lを車幅方向にあけて配設されている。この構成によれば、複数の中間部材3が、歩行者Hの衝突時にバンパカバー7が変形する車幅方向長さ以上の間隔Lを車幅方向にあけて配設されているので、図5及び図6に示すように、隣接した中間部材3の間の車幅方向位置において歩行者Hが衝突するようにして、上記した中間部材3を設けることによる温度上昇時における圧電フィルム2の出力調節効果を良好に得ることが可能である。   Further, the intermediate member 3 is disposed with an interval L in the vehicle width direction that is equal to or longer than the vehicle width direction length at which the bumper cover 7 is deformed when the pedestrian H collides. According to this configuration, the plurality of intermediate members 3 are disposed with an interval L in the vehicle width direction that is greater than or equal to the vehicle width direction length at which the bumper cover 7 is deformed when the pedestrian H collides. And as shown in FIG. 6, the output adjustment of the piezoelectric film 2 at the time of the temperature rise by providing the above-mentioned intermediate member 3 so that the pedestrian H collides at the vehicle width direction position between the adjacent intermediate members 3. The effect can be obtained satisfactorily.

また、中間部材3は、車幅方向に等間隔Lをあけて配設されている。この構成によれば、バンパカバー7と圧電フィルム2との間に、複数の中間部材3を車幅方向に沿って等間隔Lをあけて配設することにより、薄膜状の圧電フィルム2が車両前後方向に撓むことを確実に防止することができ、バンパカバー7の車両後方側の所定の位置に圧電フィルム2を安定して配置することができる。   Moreover, the intermediate member 3 is arrange | positioned at equal intervals L in the vehicle width direction. According to this configuration, the plurality of intermediate members 3 are arranged at equal intervals L along the vehicle width direction between the bumper cover 7 and the piezoelectric film 2, so that the thin film-like piezoelectric film 2 is mounted on the vehicle. It is possible to reliably prevent bending in the front-rear direction, and the piezoelectric film 2 can be stably disposed at a predetermined position on the vehicle rear side of the bumper cover 7.

また、中間部材3は、車両上下方向に延設されている。この構成によれば、中間部材3が車両上下方向に延設されているので、圧電フィルム2と中間部材3との接合面積を確保でき、圧電フィルム2を中間部材3に対して安定して接着固定できる。   Moreover, the intermediate member 3 is extended in the vehicle up-down direction. According to this configuration, since the intermediate member 3 extends in the vehicle vertical direction, a bonding area between the piezoelectric film 2 and the intermediate member 3 can be secured, and the piezoelectric film 2 can be stably bonded to the intermediate member 3. Can be fixed.

[第2の実施形態]
次に、本発明の第2の実施形態について、図11を参照して説明する。尚、図11において上記実施形態と同一部分には同一の符号を付して説明を省略し、異なる部分についてだけ説明する。この第2の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置1では、図11に示すように、複数の中間部材3が、バンパカバー7の車幅方向位置に応じて車幅方向に異なる間隔をあけて配設されている。
[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 11, the same parts as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and only different parts are described. In the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the plurality of intermediate members 3 are arranged at different intervals in the vehicle width direction according to the vehicle width direction position of the bumper cover 7. It is installed.

具体的には、中間部材3は、バンパカバー7の後面に8つ配設されている。このうち、4つの中間部材3が、バンパカバー7が車両前後方向に湾曲した部分、即ち、図11の囲い線で示される左右のコーナ部Cに、それぞれ2つずつ設けられている。そして、このコーナ部Cにおける各中間部材3どうしの間隔L2が、他の部分、例えば車両前方のバンパカバー7が直線状をなしている部分の間隔L1よりも狭くなっている。   Specifically, eight intermediate members 3 are arranged on the rear surface of the bumper cover 7. Of these, two intermediate members 3 are provided in each of the portions where the bumper cover 7 is curved in the vehicle front-rear direction, that is, the left and right corner portions C indicated by the enclosure lines in FIG. And the space | interval L2 of each intermediate member 3 in this corner part C is narrower than the space | interval L1 of the part which the other part, for example, the bumper cover 7 ahead of a vehicle has comprised linear form.

即ち、間隔L1は、例えば、300mm〜400mm程度に設定されている。一方、間隔L2は、例えば50mm程度に設定されている。なお、各中間部材3は、第1の実施形態と同様に、それぞれバンパカバー7と圧電フィルム2との間に挟装され、車両上下方向に延設されている。また、各中間部材3は、図8に示すように、所定の負荷荷重Fに対する変形量の温度上昇に伴う増加率が、図7に示すバンパカバー7における増加率と同等以上である温度特性を有している。従って、第1の実施形態と同様に、複数の中間部材3を車幅方向に間隔をあけて設けることによって、圧電フィルム2の電圧変化が温度上昇の影響を受けることを防止可能となっている。   That is, the interval L1 is set to about 300 mm to 400 mm, for example. On the other hand, the interval L2 is set to about 50 mm, for example. Each intermediate member 3 is sandwiched between the bumper cover 7 and the piezoelectric film 2 and extends in the vehicle vertical direction, as in the first embodiment. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, each intermediate member 3 has a temperature characteristic in which the rate of increase accompanying the temperature rise of the deformation amount with respect to a predetermined load F is equal to or higher than the rate of increase in the bumper cover 7 shown in FIG. 7. Have. Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment, by providing the plurality of intermediate members 3 at intervals in the vehicle width direction, it is possible to prevent the voltage change of the piezoelectric film 2 from being affected by the temperature rise. .

以上説明した第2の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置1では、中間部材3は、バンパカバー7の車幅方向位置に応じて車幅方向に異なる間隔L1,L2をあけて配設され、少なくともバンパカバー7が車両前後方向に湾曲した部分(即ち、コーナ部C)に配設されている。   In the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment described above, the intermediate member 3 is disposed with different intervals L1 and L2 in the vehicle width direction according to the vehicle width direction position of the bumper cover 7, and at least The bumper cover 7 is disposed at a portion curved in the vehicle front-rear direction (that is, the corner portion C).

この第2の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置1においても、第1の実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。特に、少なくともバンパカバー7が車両前後方向に湾曲したコーナ部Cに中間部材3が複数配設されているので、圧電フィルム2が湾曲した状態で配置されて脱落し易くなった部分を、中間部材3により確実に支持することで、バンパカバー7の車両後方側の所定の位置に圧電フィルム2をより安定して配置できる。   In the vehicle collision detection device 1 of the second embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. In particular, since the plurality of intermediate members 3 are disposed at the corner portion C where at least the bumper cover 7 is curved in the vehicle front-rear direction, the portion where the piezoelectric film 2 is arranged in a curved state and easily falls off is provided as an intermediate member. 3 is securely supported, the piezoelectric film 2 can be more stably disposed at a predetermined position on the vehicle rear side of the bumper cover 7.

[第3の実施形態]
次に、本発明の第3の実施形態について、図12を参照して説明する。尚、図12において上記実施形態と同一部分には同一の符号を付して説明を省略し、異なる部分についてだけ説明する。
[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 12, the same parts as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and only different parts will be described.

第3の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置1では、複数の中間部材31が、車幅方向に間隔Lをあけ、且つ車両上下方向にも所定の間隔をあけて配設されている。具体的には、バンパカバー7の後面において、図2に示す車幅方向に等間隔Lをあけた9箇所の車幅方向位置に、車両上下方向に間隔をあけてそれぞれ3つずつ、計27個の中間部材31が設けられている。   In the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment, the plurality of intermediate members 31 are disposed with a space L in the vehicle width direction and with a predetermined space in the vehicle vertical direction. Specifically, on the rear surface of the bumper cover 7, nine vehicle width direction positions spaced at equal intervals L in the vehicle width direction shown in FIG. Individual intermediate members 31 are provided.

各中間部材31どうしの車幅方向の間隔Lは、第1の実施形態と同様に、歩行者Hの衝突時にバンパカバー7が変形する車幅方向長さ(例えば、100mm程度)以上、具体的には、例えば200mm程度に設定されている。また、車両上下方向に並べられた各中間部材31どうしの間隔は、例えば20mm〜30mm程度に設定されている。   The distance L between the intermediate members 31 in the vehicle width direction is equal to or greater than the vehicle width direction length (for example, about 100 mm) at which the bumper cover 7 is deformed when the pedestrian H collides, as in the first embodiment. Is set to about 200 mm, for example. The interval between the intermediate members 31 arranged in the vehicle vertical direction is set to about 20 mm to 30 mm, for example.

なお、各中間部材31は、第1の実施形態と同様に、それぞれバンパカバー7と圧電フィルム2との間に挟装される。また、各中間部材31は、合成ゴム(例えば、エチレンプロピレンゴム等)からなり、図8に示すように、所定の負荷荷重Fに対する変形量の温度上昇に伴う増加率が、図7に示すバンパカバー7における増加率と同等以上である温度特性を有している。従って、複数の中間部材31を車幅方向に間隔をあけて設けることによって、第1の実施形態と同様に、圧電フィルム2の電圧変化が温度上昇の影響を受けることを防止可能となっている。   Each intermediate member 31 is sandwiched between the bumper cover 7 and the piezoelectric film 2 as in the first embodiment. Each intermediate member 31 is made of synthetic rubber (for example, ethylene propylene rubber). As shown in FIG. 8, the rate of increase of the deformation amount with respect to a predetermined load F as the temperature rises is shown in FIG. It has a temperature characteristic equal to or higher than the increase rate in the cover 7. Therefore, by providing the plurality of intermediate members 31 at intervals in the vehicle width direction, it is possible to prevent the voltage change of the piezoelectric film 2 from being affected by the temperature rise as in the first embodiment. .

以上説明した第3の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置1では、中間部材31は、車幅方向且つ車両上下方向に所定の間隔をあけて配設されている。この第3の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置1においても、第1の実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。   In the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment described above, the intermediate member 31 is disposed at a predetermined interval in the vehicle width direction and the vehicle vertical direction. In the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 of the third embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

[第4の実施形態]
次に、本発明の第4の実施形態について、図13を参照して説明する。尚、図13において上記実施形態と同一部分には同一の符号を付して説明を省略し、異なる部分についてだけ説明する。この第4の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置1においては、圧電フィルム2の外周部全体を覆う支持部材21が設けられている。
[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 13, the same parts as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and only different parts are described. In the vehicle collision detection device 1 of the fourth embodiment, a support member 21 that covers the entire outer peripheral portion of the piezoelectric film 2 is provided.

支持部材21は、圧電フィルム2よりも剛性が高い材質(例えば、合成樹脂等)からなり、圧電フィルム2を支持するためのものである。この支持部材21は、圧電フィルム2の外周部全体を覆う矩形板状の部材であって、バンパカバー7の車両後方側に車幅方向に沿って設けられる。   The support member 21 is made of a material (for example, synthetic resin) having higher rigidity than the piezoelectric film 2 and is for supporting the piezoelectric film 2. The support member 21 is a rectangular plate-like member that covers the entire outer peripheral portion of the piezoelectric film 2, and is provided on the vehicle rear side of the bumper cover 7 along the vehicle width direction.

この第4の実施形態では、上記第3の実施形態と同様に、複数の中間部材31が、図2に示す車幅方向に間隔Lをあけ、且つ車両上下方向にも所定の間隔をあけて配設される。具体的には、バンパカバー7の後面において、車幅方向に等間隔Lをあけた9箇所の車幅方向位置に、車両上下方向に間隔をあけてそれぞれ3個ずつ、計27個の中間部材31が設けられている。各中間部材31どうしの車幅方向の間隔Lは、例えば200mm程度に設定されている。また、車両上下方向に並べられた各中間部材31どうしの間隔は、例えば20mm〜30mm程度に設定されている。   In the fourth embodiment, as in the third embodiment, the plurality of intermediate members 31 are spaced apart in the vehicle width direction shown in FIG. 2 and spaced apart in the vehicle vertical direction. Arranged. Specifically, on the rear surface of the bumper cover 7, there are 27 intermediate members, three in each of the nine positions in the vehicle width direction spaced at equal intervals L in the vehicle width direction and spaced in the vehicle vertical direction. 31 is provided. The distance L between the intermediate members 31 in the vehicle width direction is set to about 200 mm, for example. The interval between the intermediate members 31 arranged in the vehicle vertical direction is set to about 20 mm to 30 mm, for example.

各中間部材31は、バンパカバー7と、支持部材21に外周部全体を覆われた圧電フィルム2との間にそれぞれ挟装される。支持部材21と中間部材31とは、例えば接着固定される。なお、各中間部材31は、第1の実施形態と同様に、例えば合成ゴムからなり、図8に示すように、所定の負荷荷重Fに対する変形量の温度上昇に伴う増加率が、図7に示すバンパカバー7における増加率と同等以上である温度特性を有している。また、支持部材21は、衝突時における圧電フィルム2の変形を阻害しない程度の剛性であるとする。   Each intermediate member 31 is sandwiched between the bumper cover 7 and the piezoelectric film 2 whose entire outer periphery is covered with the support member 21. The support member 21 and the intermediate member 31 are bonded and fixed, for example. As in the first embodiment, each intermediate member 31 is made of, for example, synthetic rubber. As shown in FIG. 8, the rate of increase of the deformation amount with respect to a predetermined load F as the temperature rises is as shown in FIG. 7. It has a temperature characteristic that is equal to or higher than the increase rate in the bumper cover 7 shown. Further, it is assumed that the support member 21 has a rigidity that does not hinder the deformation of the piezoelectric film 2 at the time of collision.

次に、第4の実施形態における車両用衝突検知装置1の衝突時の動作について説明する。車両前方に歩行者H等が衝突した際には、バンパカバー7が歩行者Hとの衝突による衝撃により変形する。続いて、バンパカバー7の後面に設けられた中間部材31に衝突に伴う外力が加わると共に、中間部材31を介して、支持部材21により外周部全体を覆われた圧電フィル2へ荷重が加わる。このとき、圧電フィルム2は、負荷された荷重に比例した電圧信号を衝突検知ECU5へ出力する。なお、第1の実施形態と同様に、複数の中間部材31が車幅方向に間隔をあけて配設されているので、圧電フィルム2の電圧変化が温度上昇の影響を受けることを防止可能となっている。   Next, the operation | movement at the time of the collision of the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 in 4th Embodiment is demonstrated. When a pedestrian H or the like collides in front of the vehicle, the bumper cover 7 is deformed by an impact caused by the collision with the pedestrian H. Subsequently, an external force due to the collision is applied to the intermediate member 31 provided on the rear surface of the bumper cover 7, and a load is applied to the piezoelectric film 2 whose entire outer peripheral portion is covered by the support member 21 via the intermediate member 31. At this time, the piezoelectric film 2 outputs a voltage signal proportional to the applied load to the collision detection ECU 5. As in the first embodiment, since the plurality of intermediate members 31 are arranged at intervals in the vehicle width direction, it is possible to prevent the voltage change of the piezoelectric film 2 from being affected by the temperature rise. It has become.

以上説明した第4の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置1においても、第1の実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。特に、圧電フィルム2の外周部全体が支持部材21により覆われているので、薄膜状の圧電フィルム2を中間部材3に対して安定して固定することができる。   In the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 of the fourth embodiment described above, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. In particular, since the entire outer peripheral portion of the piezoelectric film 2 is covered with the support member 21, the thin film-like piezoelectric film 2 can be stably fixed to the intermediate member 3.

[第5の実施形態]
次に、本発明の第5の実施形態について、図14を参照して説明する。尚、図14において上記実施形態と同一部分には同一の符号を付して説明を省略し、異なる部分についてだけ説明する。
[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 14, the same parts as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and only different parts will be described.

第5の実施形態では、圧電フィルム2の車両前方側の面に、支持部材22が設けられている。この支持部材22は、中間部材3と圧電フィルム2との間に接着固定される。支持部材22は、圧電フィルム2よりも剛性が高い材質(例えば、合成樹脂等)からなる。この支持部材22は、矩形板状の部材であって、バンパカバー7の車両後方側に、車幅方向に沿って設けられる。なお、支持部材22は、衝突時における圧電フィルム2の変形を阻害しない程度の剛性であるとする。   In the fifth embodiment, the support member 22 is provided on the surface of the piezoelectric film 2 on the vehicle front side. The support member 22 is bonded and fixed between the intermediate member 3 and the piezoelectric film 2. The support member 22 is made of a material (for example, synthetic resin) having higher rigidity than the piezoelectric film 2. The support member 22 is a rectangular plate-like member, and is provided on the vehicle rear side of the bumper cover 7 along the vehicle width direction. The support member 22 is assumed to have a rigidity that does not hinder the deformation of the piezoelectric film 2 at the time of collision.

また、第5の実施形態では、複数の中間部材3が、上記第1の実施形態と同様に、車幅方向に間隔Lをあけて配設されている。具体的には、中間部材3は、図2に示すように、車幅方向に等間隔Lをあけて、9つ配設されている。また、第5の実施形態の中間部材3は、支持部材22を介して、圧電フィルム2とバンパカバー7との間に配設される。また、各中間部材3は、第1の実施形態と同様に、例えば合成ゴムからなり、図8に示すように、所定の負荷荷重Fに対する変形量の温度上昇に伴う増加率が、図7に示すバンパカバー7における増加率と同等以上である温度特性を有している。   In the fifth embodiment, the plurality of intermediate members 3 are arranged at intervals L in the vehicle width direction, as in the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, nine intermediate members 3 are arranged at equal intervals L in the vehicle width direction. In addition, the intermediate member 3 of the fifth embodiment is disposed between the piezoelectric film 2 and the bumper cover 7 via the support member 22. Each intermediate member 3 is made of, for example, synthetic rubber, as in the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, the rate of increase accompanying the temperature rise of the deformation amount with respect to a predetermined load F is shown in FIG. 7. It has a temperature characteristic that is equal to or higher than the increase rate in the bumper cover 7 shown.

次に、第5の実施形態における車両用衝突検知装置1の衝突時の動作について説明する。車両前方に歩行者H等が衝突した際には、バンパカバー7が歩行者Hとの衝突による衝撃により変形する。続いて、バンパカバー7の後面に設けられた中間部材3に衝突に伴う外力が加わると共に、中間部材3を介して、支持部材22により外周部の車両前方側を覆われた圧電フィル2へ荷重が加わる。このとき、圧電フィルム2は、負荷された荷重に比例した電圧信号を衝突検知ECU5へ出力する。なお、複数の中間部材3を車幅方向に間隔をあけて設けることによって、第1の実施形態と同様に、圧電フィルム2の電圧変化が温度上昇の影響を受けることを防止可能となっている。   Next, the operation | movement at the time of the collision of the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 in 5th Embodiment is demonstrated. When a pedestrian H or the like collides in front of the vehicle, the bumper cover 7 is deformed by an impact caused by the collision with the pedestrian H. Subsequently, an external force due to the collision is applied to the intermediate member 3 provided on the rear surface of the bumper cover 7, and a load is applied to the piezoelectric film 2 whose outer peripheral portion is covered with the support member 22 through the intermediate member 3. Will be added. At this time, the piezoelectric film 2 outputs a voltage signal proportional to the applied load to the collision detection ECU 5. In addition, by providing the some intermediate member 3 at intervals in the vehicle width direction, it is possible to prevent the voltage change of the piezoelectric film 2 from being affected by the temperature rise as in the first embodiment. .

以上説明した第5の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置1では、圧電フィルム2は、外周部の後方側が支持部材22により覆われている。この第5の実施形態の車両用衝突検知装置1においても、第1の実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。特に、圧電フィルム2の外周部の後方側が支持部材22により覆われているので、薄膜状の圧電フィルム2を安定して支持した状態で、バンパカバー7の車両後方側に配置することができる。   In the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 according to the fifth embodiment described above, the piezoelectric film 2 is covered with the support member 22 on the rear side of the outer peripheral portion. Also in the vehicle collision detection apparatus 1 of the fifth embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. In particular, since the rear side of the outer peripheral portion of the piezoelectric film 2 is covered by the support member 22, it can be disposed on the rear side of the bumper cover 7 with the thin film-like piezoelectric film 2 stably supported.

[その他の実施形態]
本発明は、上記した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の主旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変形又は拡張を施すことができる。例えば、上記実施形態では、変形センサとして、圧電フィルム2を用いるものとしたが、これに限られない。変形センサとしては、衝突時におけるバンパカバー7の変形に伴って負荷される荷重により電気変位を出力するものであればよく、他にも焦電体からなるパイロフィルムを用いてもよく、この場合も上記実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。また、電気変位とは、電気エネルギーの変化を意味し、電気変位には光信号の変化も含むものとし、変形センサとして光ファイバーを用いてもよいものとする。
[Other Embodiments]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications or expansions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the said embodiment, although the piezoelectric film 2 shall be used as a deformation | transformation sensor, it is not restricted to this. Any deformation sensor may be used as long as it outputs an electric displacement due to a load applied in accordance with the deformation of the bumper cover 7 at the time of a collision. In addition, a pyrofilm made of pyroelectric material may be used. Also, the same effects as those of the above embodiment can be obtained. The electric displacement means a change in electric energy. The electric displacement includes a change in an optical signal, and an optical fiber may be used as a deformation sensor.

また、上記第5の実施形態では、支持部材22の車両後方側の面に圧電フィルム2を配置するものとしたが、支持部材22の車両前方側の面に圧電フィルム2を配置してもよい。また、中間部材3,31の配設個数及び配設箇所は適宜変更可能であるとする。   In the fifth embodiment, the piezoelectric film 2 is disposed on the surface of the support member 22 on the vehicle rear side. However, the piezoelectric film 2 may be disposed on the surface of the support member 22 on the vehicle front side. . Further, it is assumed that the number and location of the intermediate members 3 and 31 can be changed as appropriate.

1 車両用衝突検知装置
2 圧電フィルム(変形センサ)
21,22 支持部材
3,31 中間部材
5 衝突検知ECU(衝突検知部)
6 バンパ
7 バンパカバー
8 バンパアブソーバ
9 バンパレインフォースメント
L,L1,L2 間隔
H 歩行者
1 Vehicle collision detection device 2 Piezoelectric film (deformation sensor)
21, 22 Support member 3, 31 Intermediate member 5 Collision detection ECU (collision detection unit)
6 Bumper 7 Bumper cover 8 Bumper absorber 9 Bumper reinforcement L, L1, L2 Distance H Pedestrian

Claims (9)

車両のバンパカバー(7)の車両後方側に車幅方向に沿って設けられ、衝突時における前記バンパカバーの変形に伴って負荷される荷重により電気変位を出力する変形センサ(2)と、
所定の負荷荷重に対する変形量が温度上昇に伴って増加する温度特性を有し、前記バンパカバーと前記変形センサとの間に挟装され且つ車幅方向に間隔をあけて複数配置された中間部材(3,31)と、
前記バンパカバーの変形に伴って出力される前記変形センサの電気変位に基づいて、前記バンパカバーへ物体(H)が衝突したことを検出する衝突検知部(5)と、
を備え、
前記中間部材は、所定の負荷荷重に対する変形量の温度上昇に伴う増加率が前記バンパカバーにおける増加率と同じ又はそれ以上である温度特性を有し、更に、前記物体の衝突時に前記バンパカバーが変形する車幅方向長さ以上の間隔(L,L1)を車幅方向にあけて配設されている車両用衝突検知装置(1)。
A deformation sensor (2) that is provided along the vehicle width direction on the vehicle rear side of the bumper cover (7) of the vehicle, and that outputs an electric displacement due to a load applied in association with the deformation of the bumper cover at the time of a collision;
An intermediate member having a temperature characteristic in which the amount of deformation with respect to a predetermined load increases as the temperature rises, and is interposed between the bumper cover and the deformation sensor and arranged in a plurality in a vehicle width direction. (3, 31),
A collision detection unit (5) for detecting that an object (H) has collided with the bumper cover, based on an electrical displacement of the deformation sensor output in association with the deformation of the bumper cover;
Bei to give a,
The intermediate member has a temperature characteristic in which an increase rate of the deformation amount with respect to a predetermined load is increased by a temperature increase that is equal to or higher than an increase rate in the bumper cover. A vehicle collision detection device (1) that is disposed with a gap (L, L1) that is not less than a length in the vehicle width direction to be deformed, spaced in the vehicle width direction .
前記中間部材は、車幅方向に等間隔(L)をあけて配設されている請求項1に記載の車両用衝突検知装置。 The collision detection device for a vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the intermediate members are arranged at equal intervals (L) in the vehicle width direction. 前記中間部材は、前記バンパカバーの車幅方向位置に応じて車幅方向に異なる間隔(L1,L2)をあけて配設されている請求項1に記載の車両用衝突検知装置。 2. The vehicle collision detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the intermediate member is disposed at a different interval (L1, L2) in the vehicle width direction according to a vehicle width direction position of the bumper cover. 前記中間部材は、少なくとも前記バンパカバーが車両前後方向に湾曲した部分(C)に配設されている請求項3に記載の車両用衝突検知装置。 4. The vehicle collision detection device according to claim 3 , wherein the intermediate member is disposed at least in a portion (C) where the bumper cover is curved in the vehicle longitudinal direction. 前記中間部材(3)は、車両上下方向に延設されている請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の車両用衝突検知装置。 The said intermediate member (3) is a vehicle collision detection apparatus as described in any one of Claim 1 to 4 extended in the vehicle up-down direction. 前記中間部材(31)は、車両上下方向に間隔をあけて配設されている請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の車両用衝突検知装置。 The said intermediate member (31) is a vehicle collision detection apparatus as described in any one of Claim 1 to 4 arrange | positioned at intervals in the vehicle up-down direction. 前記変形センサは、外周部の少なくとも一部を支持部材(21,22)により覆われている請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の車両用衝突検知装置。 The said collision sensor is a vehicle collision detection apparatus as described in any one of Claim 1 to 6 with which at least one part of the outer peripheral part is covered with the supporting member (21, 22). 前記変形センサは、圧電フィルムである請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の車両用衝突検知装置。 The collision detection device for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the deformation sensor is a piezoelectric film. 前記中間部材は、合成ゴム、エラストマー、合成樹脂のいずれかの材質からなるものである請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の車両用衝突検知装置。 The vehicle collision detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the intermediate member is made of any one of a synthetic rubber, an elastomer, and a synthetic resin.
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