JP6591685B2 - Coated spectacle lens, method of manufacturing spectacle lens, computer-implemented method for designing spectacle lens, and experimental method for designing spectacle lens - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a spectacle lens having a lens substrate and a coating on the lens substrate. The invention further relates to a computer-implemented or experimental method for designing such spectacle lenses and a corresponding method for manufacturing spectacle lenses.

  It is known that certain spectral ranges can be damaging to the human eye when it is irradiated at high intensity or with relatively long exposure times. The cornea, lens, and retina are particularly susceptible. The protective effect in the UV spectral range is prior art in high quality spectacle lenses.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a spectacle lens of the type described at the beginning. In order to protect the eye, an antireflection coating is provided that has an antireflection effect over the entire spectral range from the UV-B range to the IR-A range. The eye protection is realized by the antireflection effect or the antireflection coating, so that light incident from the rear can pass through the spectacles without being reflected back into the eye of the spectacle wearer. All embodiments shown herein have a lower reflectivity when the angle of incidence is 0 ° than when the angle of incidence is greater than 30 ° or 45 °.

  However, there is still the problem that radiation incident from the front can enter the eye. In so entering, the amount of radiation may even increase as a result of the antireflection effect.

  U.S. Patent No. 6,057,033 discloses a spectacle lens of the type described at the outset, which functions as an infrared mirror in the infrared spectral range and includes a coating that effectively reduces the infrared radiation incident from the front. As a result, the eye can be protected from radiation incident from the front.

US Pat. No. 9,291,746 B2 US Patent Application Publication No. 2015/0146161 A1 US Patent Application No. 2015/0241602

  In view of the above background, an object of the present invention is to provide a spectacle lens that facilitates achieving an improved protective effect.

Thus, according to a first aspect of the invention, it is proposed to provide a spectacle lens, said spectacle lens comprising a lens substrate, comprising a coating applied to the lens substrate, the coating (22) having an incident angle of 0 °. The first wavelength λ _NIR of near infrared light impinging on the coating at a reflectance of at least 20%, and the coating is incident on the first wavelength λ _NIR near infrared light impinging on the coating at an incident angle of 35 ° The second reflectance is reduced by at least 10% with respect to the first reflectance.

  The widespread use of IR cameras with IR emitters for subtle lighting leads to increased human exposure, especially with relatively strong IR emitters during road traffic. Infrared-based lighting systems assist in alignment, especially at night when the field of view within the visible spectral range of 380 nm to 780 nm is increasingly limited. Such a system is also called a night vision assistant or night vision device. The advantage of night vision assistant is that it can illuminate a wide field of view with infrared headlamps, while other road users do not recognize glare.

  However, the IR radiation of a vehicle equipped with night vision technology can be directly incident on the retina because the pupils are widened in the dark or weak light of twilight. Here, the infrared radiation does not cause a protective reflex of the eye to close the pupil or close the eyelids. It is inevitable to expose the eye to risks within these environmental conditions. Since the conventional spectacle lens material has a low absorption rate particularly in the range of 800 nm to 1500 nm, there is no protective effect of the conventional spectacle lens.

  During road traffic, two scenarios may occur where infrared exposure increases. (A) For example, an infrared radiation incident obliquely from the rear, which may be generated when a vehicle equipped with an infrared night vision assistant is traveling in the same direction with a slight rearward shift on a parallel lane. And (b) protection from infrared radiation incident from the front, which may occur in the case of an oncoming vehicle with an infrared night vision assistant.

  Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described at the beginning each solve a partial problem (a) or (b) by itself. However, the combination of the teachings of the two references and the IR anti-reflective coating on the back side of the spectacle lens and the IR mirror on the front side does not give the desired result of sufficient protection in both scenarios. Due to the mirroring effect in the infrared spectral range that occurs not only in the case of incident radiation from the front but also in the case of incident radiation from the rear, the back reflection at the back of the spectacle lens is reduced, This effect is counteracted by the dielectric mirror on the front, and radiation will still reach the user's eyes.

Accordingly, it is proposed to provide a coating, said coating having a reflectivity of at least 20% for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR impinging on the coating at an incident angle of 0 °, and an incident angle of 35 ° And having a second reflectivity for near-infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR impinging on the coating, wherein the second reflectivity is reduced by at least 10% with respect to the first reflectivity. Preferably, an improved protection effect for infrared emitters in the automotive field or in road traffic is thereby possible.

As a result of the proposed angular dependence at wavelengths λ _NIR in the near-infrared range, the light component incident from the front is thereby greatly reduced, while the light component incident obliquely from the rear is reflected. Since the rate is reduced, it can pass. When the incident angle is 0 °, the reflectance is at least 20%, which makes it clear that, unlike Patent Document 1, this is not particularly related to the antireflection coating or the antireflection effect. Preferably, the reflectivity is 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, or otherwise 70% or more. Preferably, a much larger difference can be provided between the reflectance at an incident angle of 35 ° and an incident angle of 0 °.

  Considering the wearing position of the glasses, infrared radiation is incident on the spectacle lens at an angle of about 0 ° (usually ± 15 °) with visible light when looking at the radiation source (the most dangerous moment) The mirroring effect of the spectacle lens is maximum at 0 °. On the other hand, the angular range around 0 ° is not so important for the radiation from the back, because in this case only the natural human thermal radiation is reflected. . However, the risk of natural heat radiation can be assessed as low. On the other hand, for the rear surface, the angle range of incident light between 35 ° and 60 ° with respect to the normal of the lens surface, where the radiation can be reflected as total internal reflection into the human eye, is decisive.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the interaction between the reflectance at an incident angle of 0 ° and the reflectance at an incident angle of 35 ° can be further taken into account. Increasing the reflectivity at an incident angle of 0 ° may increase the reflectivity at an incident angle of 35 °. In order not to make the reflectivity at an incident angle of 0 ° too high, for example, at least 20% but 70% or less, preferably 60%, 50%, or 40% or less. In some cases, it is possible to obtain a sufficiently reduced or sufficiently low reflectivity for wavelengths λ _NIR in the near-infrared range for radiation incident obliquely from the rear.

When used in a night assistance system in the automotive field, when the traffic flow is moderate, the user is exposed to the oncoming vehicle's infrared radiation for only a relatively short time interval, which This is because the car passes the user's vehicle in the opposite direction. In contrast, exposure may exist for a continuous period in the case of infrared radiation that is incident obliquely from the rear, for example when the vehicle is traveling slightly parallel on parallel lanes and at a similar speed. unknown. In this regard, a reflectance of at least 20% may be sufficient for an incident angle of 0 °. As a result, it is possible to obtain a sufficiently reduced or sufficiently low reflectivity for wavelengths λ _{NIR in} the near-infrared range of radiation that is incident obliquely from behind, with a layer structure of limited complexity. is there.

  Furthermore, the proposed spectacle lens can also provide an improved protective effect in the case of solar radiation incident both obliquely from the front and back. As a result of the mirroring effect at an incident angle of 0 °, for example, as a result of reflection at the surface, it is possible to reduce the reflection of light rays entering from the front, eg the water surface, and at the same time the reflectivity at an incident angle of 35 ° Due to the reduction, a larger part of the radiation incident obliquely from behind is transmitted through the spectacle lens, so that it does not reflect again to the eye. A possible application here is reading outdoors, especially on sandy beaches.

  Preferably, the spectacle lens has a non-zero optical power. The lens substrate preferably has a UV absorber.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a computer-implemented or experimental method for designing a spectacle lens comprising a lens substrate and comprising a coating applied to the lens substrate is proposed, the method comprising:
Determining a stacking arrangement, the stacking arrangement being incident with a first reflectance of at least 20% for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR impinging on the coating at an incident angle of 0 °; Having a second reflectivity for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR impinging on the coating at an angle of 35 °, said second reflectivity being reduced by at least 10% with respect to the first reflectivity Conditions apply.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a method of manufacturing a spectacle lens comprising a lens substrate and comprising a coating applied to the lens substrate is proposed, which method comprises:
Providing a lens substrate;
Forming a stacked arrangement on the lens substrate to form a coating, the coating comprising a first wavelength of at least 20% for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR that impinges on the coating at an incident angle of 0 °. And a second reflectance for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR that impinges on the coating at an incident angle of 35 °, said second reflectance being at least with respect to the first reflectance The condition that it is reduced by 10% applies.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, glasses including a first spectacle lens and a second spectacle lens according to the first aspect in addition to the frame are proposed.

  Unless otherwise noted, the terms used herein are as defined by Deutsches Institute for Normung e. V. It should be understood in the sense of the standard DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 from the German Standards Association.

  The incident angle relates to an angle with respect to a surface perpendicular or perpendicular to the surface of the spectacle lens. In particular, the incident angle can be specified at the apex of the spectacle lens according to DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 standard 4.9.

  According to DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 standard section 4.2, the terms visible light, visible radiation, or visible wavelength range relate to optical radiation that can directly affect human vision. Visible radiation may relate to a wavelength range of 400 nm to 780 nm. However, within the scope of this disclosure, visible radiation may preferably relate to a wavelength range of 400 nm or 460 nm to 700 nm. In particular, this covers the maximum sensitivity of the eye and at the same time increases the design flexibility with respect to the design of filter characteristics and edge steepness.

  According to DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 standard section 4.3, ultraviolet radiation is understood to be optical radiation whose wavelength is shorter than that for visible radiation. The ultraviolet radiation range of 100 nm to 400 nm is usually subdivided into UV-A (315 nm to 400 nm), UV-B (280 nm to 315 nm), and UV-C (100 nm to 280 nm). Alternatively, 380 nm can be used as the upper limit of UV-A. The spectral range of UV-C is practically 200 nm to 280 nm because the atmosphere absorbs radiation of wavelengths shorter than 200 nm.

  According to DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 standard section 4.3, infrared radiation should be understood as optical radiation whose wavelength is longer than that for visible radiation. The range from 780 nm to 3 μm is also called the near infrared range. Here, IR-A (780 nm to 1400 nm) and IR-B (1.4 μm to 3 μm) are distinguished. At zero meters above sea level, the infrared spectrum to be considered extends to about 2 μm. Furthermore, conventional spectacle lens materials already provide sufficient absorption of infrared radiation at wavelengths greater than about 1.7 μm to 2 μm, taking into account their material properties.

  According to DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 standard paragraph 5.8, the term front or object side refers to the surface of the spectacle lens that is intended to be fitted away from the eye. According to DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 standard 5.19, the term back or ocular surface refers to the surface of the spectacle lens that is intended to be fitted closer to the eye. The terms front and back are used accordingly herein for the lens substrate.

  Within the scope of the present disclosure, the term spectacle lens is in particular a coated spectacle lens according to DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 standard 8.1.13, i.e. in particular to change one or more of its properties. Refers to a spectacle lens having one or more surface coatings applied thereto. The eyeglass lenses disclosed herein advantageously have the following advantages, particularly in the following areas: glasses (with and without corrective power), sunglasses, ski goggles, professional glasses, and head mounted display devices ( It can be used with eyeglasses combined with a head-mounted display.

  Within the scope of the present disclosure, the term spectacle lens further refers to spectacle lens semifinished products, in particular spectacle lens blanks or semifinished spectacle lenses according to DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 standard 8.4.2, ie lens blanks or A lens blank may be further included in which only one surface is optically finished. In contrast, the term lens substrate relates to spectacle lenses (including semi-finished products) without a coating according to the invention.

  According to DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 standard 15.1, the term spectral reflectivity or reflectivity depends on the respective material or surface or coating for the incident radiation intensity at a specific wavelength (λ). Refers to the ratio of reflected spectral radiant intensity. In the case of the present application, the reflectivity relates to the reflectivity of the entire coating having the plurality of high and low refractive index layers, not the reflectivity of the individual layers.

  According to DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 standard 15.2, the term spectral transmission or transmission is the ratio of the spectral radiant intensity transmitted by each material to the incident radiant intensity at a particular wavelength (λ). Point to.

  According to the DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 standard 15.4, the term luminous transmittance refers to the ratio of the luminous flux transmitted by a spectral lens or filter or in this case by a coating to the incident luminous flux. Here, it is weighted with the human eye sensitivity function for daytime vision and the spectral radiation distribution of the CIE standard illumination D65. Deviating from the above-mentioned standards, a wavelength range of 400 nm or 460 nm to 700 nm or 780 nm can be considered here.

  It should be understood that even more manufacturing steps can be performed, such as forming additional layers of the coating, such as forming a protective layer against scratches or a conductive antistatic layer to obtain an antistatic effect. In particular, additional layers may also be inserted into the stacked arrangement of the embodiments specified in the following description to obtain additional functions. For example, an antistatic effect can be obtained without substantially affecting the spectral reflectance by inserting an ITO layer having a thickness of about 3 nm into the laminated arrangement specified in the following description. I may be able to do it. Here, it may be advantageous to insert the ITO layer into the stack arrangement rather than as a termination layer. It should be understood that there is an interaction between the layers of the coating and therefore cannot be delimited, and instead the overall effect of the coating should be taken into account with respect to the optical properties, in particular the angle-dependent reflectivity.

  Here, in particular, the term coating may refer to a dielectric coating having a stacked arrangement of high and low refractive index layers. Such a dielectric mirror or filter can also be referred to as a Bragg reflector. Optionally, such a coating may also have an intermediate refractive index layer with a refractive index that is between the refractive index of the high refractive index layer and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer. Such coatings may be applied by vacuum coating methods such as vaporization or vapor deposition, sputtering or cathode sputtering, or chemical vapor deposition.

  In the present case, conditions should be understood to mean boundary conditions that must be satisfied within the meaning of the definition of functional features. In particular, this may be a characteristic or boundary condition for a successive approximation or optimization method, which represents the basis for such a method.

  In one configuration, the average transmittance or luminous transmittance of the spectacle lens when the incident wavelength is 0 ° in the visible wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm may be at least 95%, preferably at least 98%. Here, this is the weighted transmittance in the visible range considering the sensitivity function of the eye. Here, the transmittance should be understood to mean the visible transmittance according to DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012 standard 15.4, ie the ratio of the luminous flux transmitted by the spectacle lens to the incident luminous flux in a specific spectral range. is there. It is also possible to consider wavelength ranges of 400 nm to 780 nm, 460 nm to 700 nm, and 460 nm to 780 nm. In other words, this is a spectacle lens that transmits visible light to the user. Alternatively, for example when used as sunglasses, further coloring may be provided.

In some configurations, the near-infrared wavelength λ _NIR may be in a wavelength range within the group of wavelength ranges of 780 nm to 1500 nm, 800 nm to 1200 nm, and 850 nm to 1100 nm. For example, the wavelength may be λ _NIR = 1000 nm. Preferably, the infrared wavelength matches the predetermined emission source, for example the maximum emission of an infrared headlamp of a night vision assistant in the automotive field.

In another configuration, the coating may have a reflectivity that is reduced by at least 10% for an incident angle of 0 ° over a wavelength range that includes the wavelength λ _NIR . The advantage of this configuration is that it can also take into account a broadband radiation source. Infrared radiation sources are usually not monochromatic light sources, but are for example infrared LED headlamps with a relatively broad emission spectrum. The protective effect in this range can be ensured by the coating considering the wavelength range.

In another configuration, at an incident angle of 0 °, the coating has a reflectivity in the group of reflectivity of at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 40%, and at least 50% for wavelengths λ _{NIR in the} near infrared range. . In particular, the coating may have a reflectivity of at least 60%, 70%, or 80% at an incident angle of 0 °. Therefore, it should be understood that the proposed coating functions exactly as a reflective coating rather than as an anti-reflective coating at the wavelength λ _NIR .

In one configuration, at an incident angle of 35 °, the coating was reduced by a factor in the group of at least 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% for an incident angle of 0 ° for a wavelength λ _{NIR in the} near infrared range. Has reflectivity. In particular, the coating may have a reflectance that is reduced by at least 40%, 50%, 60%, or 70% for an incident angle of 35 ° and an incident angle of 0 °. As a result, a greater difference is realized between the mirroring effect of radiation incident from the front (eg at an incident angle of 0 ° ± 15 °) and obliquely incident from the rear. It should be understood that the reflectance does not take a negative value. For example, the coating may have a reflectivity of 50% at an incident angle of 0 °, an reflectivity of 25% at an incident angle of 35 °, ie 25% absolute for an incident angle of 35 ° with respect to an incident angle of 0 °, and relatively May have a reflectivity reduced by 50%. Within the scope of the present disclosure, percentage figures for reduced reflectivity may relate to absolute reduction of reflectivity as well as relative reduction of reflectivity.

In some configurations, over a 30-45 ° angle of incidence, the coating has a reflectivity that is reduced by at least 10% for a wavelength λ _{NIR in the} near-infrared range for a 0 ° angle of incidence. The advantage of this configuration is that a protective effect is ensured over a wide angular range. Preferably, the incident angle range and the wavelength range including the wavelength λ _NIR can be combined.

  In another configuration, the lens substrate has a front surface and a back surface, and the coating is applied to the front surface of the lens substrate. The advantage of this configuration is that it can already provide a coating on the front surface during the manufacturing process. In particular, the front side can be coated before the processing of the back side is completed, for example using a freeform generator. Preferably, it is therefore possible to provide a spectacle lens semi-finished product and / or a spectacle lens blank whose front surface has already been processed.

  In one configuration, the lens substrate may further include an IR absorber. The advantage of this configuration is that the infrared radiation can be further reduced. The effect of IR absorbers (infrared absorbers) can be particularly advantageous when the coating is applied to the front side. Of course, the dielectric coating has the same effect in both directions. The residual radiation component that remains when light enters from behind and reaches the front surface where it is reflected back by the coating on the front surface, in this case, follows two paths through the substrate with the IR absorber, thereby causing infrared The radiation is attenuated twice.

  Furthermore, a synergistic effect may result from the combination of IR absorber and coating on the front surface of the lens substrate. The usable life of a substrate containing an IR absorber may be extended by at least partial reflection effects of the front coating, since less infrared radiation acts on the IR absorber. As a result, transmissivity within the visible range over the usable lifetime may improve because aging of the IR absorber may cause effects in the visible spectral range.

  For example, IR absorbers in the form of infrared light absorbing dyes may be introduced in various ways. For example, they can be mixed into a monomer mixture of absorbers, so that they can be added with, for example, a UV absorber and cured therewith, or in particular processed by injection molding with a thermoplastic polymer. Here, this is a polymer product in which the dye is uniformly dispersed, or a polymer product in which one or more dyes are arranged in a layer on the surface with a thickness of, for example, 500 μm or less. May be.

  Alternatively, an admixture of the IR absorber with the lacquer applied to the substrate (eg UV or heat curing) may be provided. Preferably this may simultaneously serve as a primer or hard coat. Here, in order to obtain the same effect as the case of mixing with the substrate material, the concentration of the absorbent is higher, for example, 0.02 to 4 mass percent, preferably 0.1 to 1 mass percent, preferably 0.2 to It is good also as 0.75 mass percent. Optionally, a primer or primer layer may be formed on the lens substrate, which makes the functional coating easier to adhere. An optional hard coat can protect the spectacle lens from scratches.

  Furthermore, IR absorbers can be introduced into substrate materials or coatings, in particular hard coats, in the same way as when coloring glass or by diffusion through thermal transfer or inhalation. Here, it is preferable to use a material having a high quantum yield, whereby the transmittance can be sufficiently reduced by a coating having a thin layer thickness as usual. IR absorbers can be collected, inter alia, from the (quater) rylene, phenylenediamine, or material classes of metal complexes of suitable charge transfer transitions. Examples include (bis (4,4′-dimethoxydithiobenzyl) nickel (CAS 38465-55-3), bis (4-dimethylaminodithiobenzyl) nickel) (CAS 38951-97-2); N, N, N ′, N′-tetrakis (4-dibutylaminophenyl) -p-phenylenediaminium hexafluorophosphate (CAS 152340-26-6), anthra [9 ″, 1 ″, 2 ″: 6, 5, 10; 10 ″, 5 ″, 6 ″: 6 ′, 5 ′, 10 ′] dianthra [2, 1, 9-def: 2 ′, 1 ′, 9′-d′e′f ′] diisoquinoline-1,3 , 12, 14 (2H, 13H) (CAS 165550-64-1), anthra (9 ", 1", 2 ": 6, 5, 10; 10", 5 ", 6": 6 ', 5', 10 '] diantra [2,1,9- ef: 2 ′, 1 ′, 9′-d′e′f ′] diisoquinoline-1,3,12,14 (2H, 13H) -tetron, 2,13-bis [2,6-bis (1- Methylethyl) phenyl] -5,10,16,21-tetrakis [4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenoxy] (CAS 333304-54-4) and the like.

  In certain configurations, a coating according to the present disclosure may be further applied to the rear surface of the lens substrate. For example, the same coating may be provided on the front and back surfaces. However, alternatively, for the rear surface, a different configuration of the coating according to the present disclosure may be provided. The advantage of providing such a coating on both the front and back surfaces is that the IR transmission is much significantly reduced, resulting in a more improved protective effect. Alternatively or in addition, a similar layer structure may be sufficient to achieve the desired effect. As a result of this, the coating can be produced in a more cost effective manner. Preferably, the front and back coatings are combined with an IR absorber on the lens substrate. The backside coating reduces the reflectivity for obliquely incident radiation from the back, thereby attenuating the IR light exposure of the eye along with the IR absorber in the lens substrate, further improving the protective effect.

  In one configuration, the lens substrate has a front surface and a back surface, and the back surface has an anti-reflective coating for at least one region in the group of visible light, IR light, and UV light. Here, the coating proposed at the beginning can be provided on the front side. As a result of using such an antireflective coating, an additional protective function can be obtained, for example, as is known from US Pat. In particular, an infrared anti-reflection (IR-AR) coating may be provided on the front and / or back surface. An advantageous protective effect can be developed with front and back coatings, especially in combination with IR absorbers in the lens substrate. Here, this may be, for example, a ceramic or a hybrid coating (eg an organic-inorganic hybrid layer based on a sol-gel process), which preferably has an effect as an antireflection layer in the visible range. It also has a reducing effect on reflections in the infrared spectrum.

  In another configuration, the lens substrate has a front surface and a back surface, and the front surface has a reflective coating for at least one region in the group of UV light and short wavelength blue light. In other words, the front coating has a reflective effect on UV light and / or short wavelength blue light. The coating may be a coating according to the first aspect, which further provides a corresponding reflective effect. The advantage of this embodiment is that the protection effect in another spectral range is further improved. It should be understood that instead of or in addition to the front surface, the back surface coating may also be configured to have such properties. The protective effect against short-wavelength blue light is also called blue cut. Full cut is preferably to be understood as meaning (ceramic or hybrid) anti-reflective coating, which is particularly highly effective, for example in the edge of the UV range such as 400 nm to 460 nm (high energy visible (HEV)) In addition, a transmissivity of the spectacle lens of at least 95%, preferably at least 98%, may be provided in the visible wavelength range of 460 nm to 700 nm.

In another configuration, the coating comprises a high index material, a medium index material, and a low index material. The advantage of this configuration is that by adding a third component of medium refractive index (between high and low refractive index), the effect of the coating layer system is provided more flexibly. Is a point. Preferably, the number of layers required for the desired effect can be reduced. A material having a higher refractive index than that of the substrate material, such as TiO ₂ may be used as the high refractive index material. For example, a metal oxide selected from Zr, Ti, Al, Y, Ta, Nd, La, Nb, and PrTi or a combination thereof can be used as a high refractive index material, that is, a so-called high refractive index material. A material having a refractive index lower than that of the substrate material may be used as the low refractive index material. For example, SiO ₂ can be used for this purpose. Alternatively, it is possible to use a mixture of SiO ₂ and aluminum. ZrO ₂ can be used as an example of a medium refractive index material. For example, the refractive index of the high refractive index material may be n> 2.0, and the refractive index of the medium refractive index material may be n = 1.5 to n = 2.0, The refractive index of the low refractive index material may be n <1.5. Depending on the application and the lens substrate material used, a range different from the above, for example, relative specifications of materials related to each other or to the refractive index of the lens substrate material, may be used.

In one arrangement, the coating following lamination sequence, i.e., a first layer of TiO _2, a first layer of SiO ₂ followed by a second layer of TiO ₂ followed by a second layer of SiO ₂ followed by , a third layer of TiO ₂ followed by a third layer of SiO ₂ which follow, the first layer of ZrO ₂ which follow, the fourth layer of TiO ₂ followed by a second layer of ZrO ₂ followed by , Followed by a fifth layer of TiO ₂ . A hard coat layer (hard coat) may be provided between the lens substrate and the first layer of TiO ₂ . Optionally, another termination layer may be provided.

  In certain embodiments, the coating may have a high refractive index termination layer. The advantage of this configuration is that an advantageous mirroring effect in the infrared range can be realized by the large difference in refractive index between the high refractive index termination layer and the surrounding air.

In some configurations, the coating further comprises a dielectric layer. For example, for this purpose, indium tin oxide ((In ₂ O ₃ ) _0.9 (SnO ₂ ) _0.1 ; ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO ₂ : F; FTO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide A transparent conductive oxide such as (ZnO: Al; AZO) or antimony-doped tin oxide (SnO ₂ : Sb; ATO) may be used. The advantage of this configuration is that electrostatic charging can be avoided. As a result, the cleaning of the spectacle lens can be improved. Furthermore, additional layers may be attached, for example to improve the mechanical stability of the layer system. For this, a layer with a thickness ≧ 100 nm can be used.

  In another configuration, the coating has at least 5 layers, in particular at least 6 layers, in particular at least 7 layers, in particular at least 8 layers, particularly preferably 9 layers, in particular at least 10 layers. The advantage of this configuration is that a well-defined transmission and reflection effect with the desired angular dependence can be realized.

In the configuration of the method according to the second aspect of the invention as a computer-implemented method, the step of determining the stacking arrangement comprises:
a) providing parameters describing a first stacking arrangement of coatings;
b) providing a first limit of at least 20% representing the first reflectivity;
c) determining the reflectance of the coating for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating at an incident angle of 0 °;
d) comparing the reflectivity determined in step c) with a first limit;
e1) If, as a result of the comparison performed in step d), it is determined that the first limit does not exceed the reflectivity determined in step c),
f1) changing parameters describing the first stack arrangement;
g1) performing steps c) to d);
e2) If it is determined that the first limit has been exceeded as a result of the comparison performed in step d),
f2) determining the reflectance of the coating for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating at an incident angle of 35 °;
g2) comparing the reflectivity determined in step f2) with the reflectivity determined in c);
h2.1) If it is determined as a result of the comparison performed in step g2) that the reflectivity determined in step f2) did not exceed 10% below the reflectivity determined in step c),
i2.1) changing a parameter describing the first stack arrangement;
j2.1) performing steps c) to d);
h2.2) If it is determined that the reflectivity determined in step f2) is below the reflectivity determined in step c) by more than 10% as a result of the comparison performed in step g2),
k2.2) outputting a parameter describing the first stacking arrangement as a parameter explaining the coating stacking arrangement;
May be included. As a result, the stacking arrangement can preferably be determined by an iterative method, in particular an iterative approximation or optimization method. For this, they can be produced from commercially available programs such as the software sold by OptiLayer GmbH in Garching, Germany, and in Europe by Langbein Thelen Consulting, Heidelburg, Germany. Other sales channels are available at http: // www. optilayer. com / distributors.

In another configuration of the method according to the second aspect of the invention as an experimental method, the step of determining the stacking arrangement comprises:
a) providing a first stacked array (25) of coatings (22);
b) providing a first limit of at least 20% representing the first reflectivity;
c) measuring the reflectance of the coating (22) for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating (22) at an incident angle of 0 °;
d) comparing the reflectance measured in step c) with a first limit;
e1) If the comparison made in step d) determines that the first limit has not been exceeded by the reflectivity measured in step c),
f1) changing the first stack arrangement (25);
g1) performing steps c) to d);
e2) If it is determined that the first limit has been exceeded as a result of the comparison performed in step d),
f2) measuring the reflectance of the coating (22) for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating (22) at an incident angle of 35 °;
g2) comparing the reflectance measured in step f2) with the reflectance measured in step c);
h2.1) As a result of the comparison performed in step g2), if it is determined that the reflectance measured in step f2) does not fall below 10% of the reflectance measured in step c),
i2.1) changing the first stack arrangement (25);
j2.1) performing steps c) to d);
h2.2) As a result of the comparison performed in step g2), when it is determined that the reflectance measured in step f2) is lower than the reflectance measured in step c) by more than 10%,
k2.2) using the first stack arrangement (25) as the stack arrangement (25) of the coating (22) to be determined;
May be included. Using the sequences described herein by way of example, it is possible as a result to determine the stacking sequence by experimental iterative methods, in particular by iterative approximation or optimization methods.

In one configuration of the method according to the second aspect of the invention as a computer-implemented method, the step of determining the stacking arrangement comprises
a) providing parameters describing a first stacking arrangement of coatings;
b) providing a first limit of at least 20% representing the first reflectivity;
c) determining the reflectance of the coating for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating at an incident angle of 0 °;
d) determining the reflectance of the coating for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating at an incident angle of 35 °;
e) comparing the reflectivity determined in step c) with a first limit;
f1) If, as a result of the comparison performed in step e), it is determined that the first limit has not been exceeded by the reflectivity determined in step c),
g1) changing parameters describing the first stack arrangement;
h1) performing steps c) to e);
f2) If the comparison made in step e) determines that the first limit has been exceeded,
g2) comparing the reflectivity determined in step d) with the reflectivity determined in step c);
h2.1) If it is determined from the comparison made in step g2) that the reflectance determined in step d) does not exceed 10% below the reflectance determined in step c),
i2.1) changing a parameter describing the first stack arrangement;
j2.1) performing steps c) to e);
h2.2) As a result of the comparison performed in step g2), if it is determined that the reflectivity determined in step d) is less than the reflectivity determined in step c) by more than 10%,
k2.2) outputting a parameter describing the first stack arrangement as a parameter describing the coating stack arrangement;
May be included. Developments of the computer-implemented methods described herein may be applied accordingly to experimental methods for designing spectacle lenses.

  The advantages described in detail above for the first aspect of the invention apply by other aspects of the invention.

  It goes without saying that the features described above and those that will be explained later are not only in the combinations specified in each case, but also in other combinations or individually, without departing from the scope of the invention. Can be used. In particular, the embodiments relating to the wavelength range, the incident angle range, the reflectivity at 0 ° and / or the reflectivity at 35 ° can be combined with each other.

  Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the following description.

Fig. 3 illustrates an exemplary scenario of infrared radiation incident from the front. Fig. 4 illustrates an exemplary scenario with infrared radiation incident obliquely from behind. 3 shows an embodiment of a spectacle lens according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a spectacle lens. 4B shows a reflection curve of the spectacle lens of FIG. 4A. FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a spectacle lens. The reflection curve of the spectacle lens of FIG. 5A is shown. FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a spectacle lens. The reflection curve of the spectacle lens of FIG. 6A is shown. FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a spectacle lens. The reflection curve of the spectacle lens of FIG. 7A is shown. FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a spectacle lens. The reflection curve of the spectacle lens of FIG. 8A is shown. FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a spectacle lens. The reflection curve of the spectacle lens of FIG. 9A is shown. The reflection curve of the spectacle lens reflecting in the blue or UV light range is shown. 3 shows another embodiment of a spectacle lens reflection curve. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for designing a spectacle lens. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a spectacle lens. 2 shows a flowchart of method steps for determining a stacking arrangement. Fig. 4 shows a flow chart of another configuration of method steps for determining a stacking arrangement.

  1 and 2 show an advantageous application scenario of a spectacle lens according to the invention.

  In the scenario shown in FIG. 1, the first vehicle 11 and the second vehicle 12 are traveling in opposite directions on one side lanes in each direction along the road. The oncoming vehicle 12 has a headlamp, and the passing beam cone 13 is deformed so as to largely avoid blinding the driver of the vehicle 11. In addition, the vehicle 12 includes a night vision assistant, whose infrared headlamp has a substantially wider IR illumination area 14, and the night vision assistant thus facilitates an improved night vision for the driver of the vehicle 12. Can do. For this reason, the image of the IR illumination area 14 recorded by the infrared camera can be reproduced on the screen in the vehicle 12.

  However, the driver of the vehicle 11 is now exposed to infrared radiation incident from the front. Especially at night, the pupil is greatly expanded, so radiation emitted from oncoming vehicles equipped with night vision technology may directly hit the retina. It is inevitable that the eye is exposed to risks in the range of such environmental conditions.

  For example, a coating with at least partial mirroring or reflection effect in the infrared range (IR range) can be used as protection against such infrared radiation incident from the front. A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a spectacle lens 20 having a mirroring effect in the IR range is exemplarily shown in FIG. 4A. FIG. 4B shows the corresponding reflection curve 52.

  In the second usage scenario, the first vehicle 11 and the second vehicle 12 travel in parallel lanes on the multi-lane road 10 in the same direction. In this case, the driver of the vehicle 11 is exposed to the infrared radiation 14 of the vehicle 12 incident obliquely from behind. If vehicles 11 and 12 are traveling slightly offset from each other at approximately the same speed, the driver of vehicle 11 may also be exposed to obliquely incident infrared radiation for a relatively long time. . On the other hand, depending on traffic conditions, exposure for radiation incident from the front may be limited to short time intervals. Infrared radiation is not exactly within the visible range, and as a result, protective reflections such as contractions in the pupil or blink reflections do not occur.

FIG. 3 shows a spectacle lens 20 comprising a lens substrate 21 and a coating 22 applied to the lens substrate 21. The coating 22 may have multiple layers of high refractive index, low refractive index, and optionally medium refractive index material. The coating 22 has a first reflectivity of at least 20% for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating 22 at an incident angle of 0 °. For near-infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR impinging on the coating 22 at an incident angle of 35 °, the coating 22 has a second reflectivity that is reduced by at least 10% with respect to the first reflectivity. The coating 22 may be disposed on the front surface 23 and / or the rear surface 24 of the lens substrate 21 or the spectacle lens 20. In this example, the coating 22 is disposed on the front surface 23.

  In the scenario illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3, incident light impinges on the front surface 23 with an incident angle of 0 ° (± 15 °) with respect to the normal of the spectacle lens 20. Light incident at an incident angle of 0 ° is indicated by reference numeral 41. A first portion 42 of incident radiation 41 is transmitted through the spectacle lens 20 with the coating 22. The second portion 43 of the incident radiation 41 is reflected by the coating 22 of the spectacle lens 20.

Proposed to have a first reflectivity of at least 20% for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating 22 at an incident angle of 0 ° and thus provide at least a partial mirroring effect The coating 22 reduces the portion of the infrared light incident from the front that reaches the eye, thus providing a protective effect in the infrared range. As mentioned above, depending on the traffic situation, the exposure for radiation entering from the front may be limited to a short time interval, so a reflectance of ≧ 20% can already give a protective effect.

  FIG. 3 further shows infrared radiation 45 incident obliquely from the rear, and the infrared radiation strikes the rear surface 24 or front surface 23 of the spectacle lens 20 obliquely from the rear, for example at an incident angle of 35 °. A first portion 46 of radiation 45 incident obliquely from behind is transmitted through the spectacle lens 20 with the coating 22. The second portion 47 of the radiation 45 is reflected by the coating 22 of the spectacle lens 20.

  The infrared filter or mirror described in U.S. Patent No. 6,057,836 will provide an effective protection effect when there is only radiation 41 incident from the front at an incident angle of 0 °. Thus, the anti-reflective layer known from US Pat. No. 6,057,836 will provide effective protection if the radiation 45 is incident only obliquely from the back, since almost all of the radiation passes through the spectacle lens.

  However, the combination of teachings in these documents does not provide the desired effect, because the anti-reflection effect known from US Pat. When provided on the front surface 23, radiation 45 incident obliquely from the rear passes through the rear surface 24 without being disturbed, but is reflected by the front surface 23 with an infrared mirror and enters the user's eye 30. is there. This is particularly the case for the use case shown in FIG. 2 where two vehicles are running side by side for a relatively long time, with the two vehicles being slightly offset with respect to each other at approximately the same speed. It can be a problem.

  Typically, a spectacle lens coating has a plurality of alternating layers of low and high refractive indices, the layers having a precisely predetermined thickness. Such a broadband antireflection effect is particularly advantageous in the case of a high-refractive-index spectacle lens for reducing unpleasant reflection, and it is easy to realize very good transmission. Usually, a plurality of layers with a high refractive index are provided here, which layers together with a layer with a low refractive index produce the desired antireflection effect. Here, the overall thickness of the high refractive index layer is for example about 20 nm to 500 nm, in particular 100 nm to 400 nm, in particular 150 nm to 300 nm. Preferably, this results in providing a spectacle lens with good anti-reflection properties in the visible range, said spectacle lens further being easy to realize an improved protection function in the infrared spectral range.

  FIG. 4A shows an example of a spectacle lens 20 having a mirroring effect in the infrared range. The spectacle lens 20 has a lens substrate 21 that is transparent in the visible spectrum range, and is made of, for example, plastic. The lens substrate 21 is provided with a coating 22, which has a stacked arrangement 25 of a plurality of layers. Here, the coating 22 is on the lens substrate 21.

  FIG. 4B shows the reflection curve of the spectacle lens 20 schematically shown in FIG. 4A. A wavelength λ in nm is shown along the horizontal axis, and the vertical axis shows the refractive index R in percent.

  The lower curve 51 shows the reflectance with respect to the wavelength of a conventional anti-reflection coating. Conversely, the reflection curve 52 of the spectacle lens 20 shown in FIG. 4A has a significantly higher mirroring or reflection effect in the near infrared wavelength range, with R> 40% in the range of 840 nm to 1300 nm, and in the range of 750 nm to 1500 nm. R> 20%. Furthermore, the spectacle lens 20 shown in FIG. 4A has an effective broadband antireflection effect in the visible wavelength range with blue residual reflection in this case.

FIG. 5A shows an embodiment of the spectacle lens 20. The spectacle lens 20 has a lens substrate 21 that is transparent in the visible spectrum range, and is made of, for example, plastic. The lens substrate 21 is provided with a coating 22, which has a stacked arrangement 25 of a plurality of layers. Here, the coating 22 is on the lens substrate 21. At an incident angle of 0 °, the coating has a reflectivity of at least 20% for wavelengths λ _{NIR in the} near infrared range, and at an incident angle of 35 °, the coating has an incident angle of 0 ° for wavelengths λ _{NIR in the} near infrared range. With a reflectance reduced by at least 10%.

Further, the stacked arrangement 25 has an arrangement of a high refractive index layer 26 and a low refractive index layer 27. The high refractive index layer 26 may be made of a high refractive index material whose refractive index is substantially higher than that of the substrate material 21. In the present example, titanium oxide TiO ₂ was used for this purpose. The low refractive index layer 27 may be made of a low refractive index material, and the refractive index may be lower than that of the substrate material. In the example of the present application, silicon oxide SiO ₂ was used for this purpose. Empirically, the more layers, the more effective the anti-reflection coating or mirroring effect can be. However, the cost and complexity of the production process increases with the number of layers involved.

Furthermore, the layer system effect provides more flexibility by adding a third component of medium refractive index between that of the high refractive index material 26 and that of the low refractive index material 27, for example. can do. In this example, ZrO ₂ can be provided for this purpose as a separate layer 28. Furthermore, a hard coat (HC) may be provided on the substrate material 21.

  In the coating 22, the hard coat layer 29 has a function that the hard coat layer 29 plays a role of compensating the tension between the inorganic antireflection layers 26, 27, and 28. The antireflection layers 26, 27 and 28 usually have a relatively low coefficient of thermal expansion, but a high coefficient of thermal expansion is assigned to the lens substrate 21 made of organic plastic. Further, the side of the hard coat layer 29 far from the lens substrate 21 may form a surface having good adhesive strength for the other coating layers 26, 27, and 28.

  In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5A, a hard coat layer 29 having a thickness of 1-10 μm, for example 3 μm, is first provided on the lens substrate 21. First, a layer 26 ′ made of titanium oxide having a thickness of 15.6 nm is disposed on the hard coat layer 29. On top of that, a layer 27 ′, now made of silicon oxide with a thickness of 22 nm, is arranged. On top of that, a second layer of titanium oxide with a thickness of 95.6 nm is arranged, on which a second layer of silicon oxide with a thickness of 17.3 nm is arranged. Subsequently, there is a third layer of titanium oxide having a thickness of 16.8 nm and another layer of silicon oxide having a thickness of 204.2 nm. The advantage of this layer thickness is that it can again provide increased mechanical strength in the dielectric stack 25. Besides, a layer of zirconium oxide with a thickness of 17.4 nm, another layer of titanium oxide with a thickness of 194.8 nm and another layer of zirconium oxide with a thickness of 11.1 nm, titanium oxide with a thickness of 74.7 nm Followed by a high refractive index stop layer fabricated in

  FIG. 5B shows a first reflection curve 52 at an incident angle of 0 ° and a second reflection curve 53 at an incident angle of 35 ° of the spectacle lens 20 shown in FIG. 5A. Here, the spectacle lens 20 shown in FIG. 5A has an effective broadband antireflection effect in the visible wavelength range with blue residual reflection, and the residual reflection in the blue range is optional. The coating further provides a significantly increased reflectivity or mirroring effect in the near infrared wavelength range, with R> 30% at 860-1050 nm.

Furthermore, the coating provides as much difference (large difference) as possible between reflections at 0 ° and 35 ° for wavelengths 900 nm to 1200 nm, which can be seen from the difference between curves 52 and 53 in FIG. 5B. In the wavelength range 54, at least 20% reflectivity is provided at an incident angle of 0 °, and in addition, the reflectivity at an incident angle of 35 ° is absolutely at least 10% greater than the reflectivity at an incident angle of 0 °, or Relatively at least 25% lower. Here, in this example, the criterion of a reflectance of at least 20% at an incident angle of 0 ° is clear at the limit on the right side of the range 54 and is the minimum between the reflectances at an incident angle of 0 ° and an incident angle of 35 °. Is decisive at the left end of range 54. In this example, the spectacle lens 20 with the coating 22 has a reflectivity reduced by at least 10% for an incident angle of 0 ° over a wavelength range 54 including the wavelength λ _NIR .

  As a result, in the case of radiation 41 incident from the front, a sufficient protection effect is ensured in the range 54, and furthermore, the spectacle lens 20 is passed through a sufficient part of the radiation 45 incident obliquely from the rear, so that Care is taken to reduce back reflection to the eye.

6A and 6B, another exemplary embodiment of the spectacle lens 20 is provided. The spectacle lens 20 proposed therein provides an effective broadband antireflection effect in the visible wavelength range with blue residual reflection. Furthermore, the reflectance is increased significantly in the near infrared wavelength range, and R> 30% from 800 nm to 1150 nm. Furthermore, for the wavelength range 1000 nm to 1300 nm, the greatest possible difference (great difference) is provided between the reflectivity at 0 ° and 35 °. Again, a reflectance of at least 20% is provided in the wavelength range 54. The spectacle lens 20 has a reflectivity that is reduced by at least 10% and absolutely at least 20% relative to an incident angle of 0 ° over different wavelength ranges 54 having different wavelengths λ _NIR .

The spectacle lens 20 shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B also has a coating 22, which has the following stacking arrangement 25: a first layer 26 ′ of TiO ₂ and then a first layer of SiO ₂ . 27 ′, then the second layer 26 ″ of TiO ₂ , then the second layer 27 ″ of SiO ₂ , then the third layer 26 ′ ″ of TiO ₂ , then the third layer of SiO ₂ Layer 267 ′ ″, then ZrO ₂ first layer 28 ′, then TiO ₂ fourth layer 26 ″ ″, then ZrO ₂ second layer 28 ″, then TiO 2. _2nd fifth layer 26 '''''. Here, a hard coat layer 29 may be provided between the lens substrate 21 and the first layer 26 ′ of TiO ₂ . The layer thickness can be seen from FIG. 6A.

  7A and 7B illustrate another exemplary embodiment of the spectacle lens 20 for another wavelength range 54. FIG. The spectacle lens proposed therein provides an effective broadband antireflection effect in the visible wavelength range with blue residual reflection. Furthermore, the reflectance is significantly increased in the near infrared wavelength range, with R> 30% for 850 nm to 1250 nm. Furthermore, for the wavelength range from 1100 nm to 1400 nm, the largest possible difference (great difference) is provided between the reflectivity at 0 ° and 35 °.

The desired wavelength range and desired reflection effect at a wavelength λ _NIR in the near-infrared range at an incident angle of 0 ° and the reflectance at the wavelength λ _NIR in the near-infrared range at an incident angle of 35 ° The desired reduction in degrees can be varied by changing the layer thickness. Here, the required layer thickness and / or the stacking arrangement of materials having different refractive indexes can be confirmed by computer-mounted simulation. The narrower the area to be protected, the more effectively the difference can be maximized.

The layer structure can be designed as outlined below. First, the substrate material and possible layer materials can be selected. Preferably, materials are selected here that are already used in other products or coatings. The advantage lies in efficient manufacturing. The refractive index n (λ) = n _real (λ) + i ^* k (λ) is defined for the substrate material and the layer material according to the wavelength λ over the desired wavelength range for the spectacle lens. For example, it is defined from UV light through the visible range to the (near) infrared range, for example from 280 nm to 1500 nm. Here, n _real (λ) is an actual refractive index, and k (λ) is an attenuation coefficient. In addition, one or more special requirements are defined as boundary conditions, for example: (1) an effective antireflection effect in the visible range, for example transmittance ≧ 95% in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 700 nm, (2) Reflectance R ≧ 20% (preferably ≧ 30%, ≧ 40) for an incident angle of 0 ° at a wavelength λ _NIR in the near infrared range, preferably over a predetermined wavelength range, (3) at an incident angle of 35 ° The reflectance of the wavelength λ _NIR in the near infrared range, reduced by at least 10% for an incident angle of 0 °, (4) optionally another boundary condition in the UV or short wavelength blue spectral range. Based on these, the simulation can start with the simplest possible layer structure, which probably does not meet the multifaceted requirements. Thereafter, another layer can be added iteratively to the layer structure and testing can be performed to determine how well the spectral requirements are met. The correspondence between the spectral requirements and the obtained simulation results can be achieved, for example, by trial and error by adding one or more layers or by changing one or more layer thicknesses of the layer structure. This can be done by simulation. An exemplary procedure is described below with reference to FIG. It should be understood that the final layer structure should not be too complex for stable manufacturing conditions. If there are a large number of solutions, it is preferable to select the layer structure with the highest manufacturability.

  Here, the wavelength range within the infrared spectrum from which the eye should be specifically protected can be set variously. This is particularly advantageous when a wavelength range is specified in which the eye is particularly sensitive to incident IR light, or when a particular wavelength or a particular wavelength range of light can be incident on a spectacle lens in particularly large quantities. . For example, if the range of 900 nm to 1200 nm is considered particularly important, the difference between reflections at 0 ° and 35 ° (30 ° to 45 °) is within this range by adjusting the layer design appropriately. Can be maximized accurately. In the application according to FIGS. 5A and B, an average (relative) reduction of about 50% could be realized for oblique reflections with respect to vertical reflections in this range. In the applications according to FIGS. 6A and B and FIGS. 7A and B, the range to be optimized is from 900-1200 nm (FIGS. 5A, B) to 1000-1300 nm (FIGS. 6A, B) and 1100-1400 nm (FIGS. 7A, B). And moved.

8A and 8B illustrate another exemplary embodiment of the spectacle lens 20 for another wavelength range 54. FIG. The spectacle lens proposed therein provides a broadband antireflection effect that is effective in the visible wavelength range. Here, the coating 22 comprises 8 layers and an optional hard coat layer 29. This is advantageous in that the coating can be more easily implemented during manufacture than the exemplary embodiment described above. Furthermore, termination layer 27 of low refractive index '''', in this case, SiO ₂ is provided. This is advantageous in that, for example, another layer, which is optional, is better bonded to allow the spectacle lens 20 to be better cleaned.

  FIG. 8B shows a first reflection curve 52 at an incident angle of 0 ° and a second reflection curve 53 at an incident angle of 35 ° for the spectacle lens 20 shown in FIG. 8A. In the first range 54 from 1000 nm to 1240 nm, the reflectivity of the spectacle lens 20 is at least 20% at an incident angle of 0 °, and the relative difference or reduction in reflectivity at an incident angle of 35 ° with respect to an incident angle of 0 ° is at least 10. %. In the portion 55 from 1100 nm to 1240 nm, the reflectance of the spectacle lens 20 is at least 20% at an incident angle of 0 °, and the relative difference or reduction in reflectance at an incident angle of 35 ° with respect to an incident angle of 0 ° is at least 20%. is there.

9A and 9B show another exemplary embodiment of the spectacle lens 20 for another wavelength range 54. FIG. Here, the coating 22 comprises nine layers and an optional hard coat layer 29. Furthermore, again, a stop layer 27 having a low refractive index '''', in this case, SiO ₂ is provided.

  FIG. 9B shows a first reflection curve 52 at an incident angle of 0 ° and a second reflection curve 53 at an incident angle of 35 ° for the spectacle lens 20 shown in FIG. 9A. In the range 840 nm to 950 nm 54, the reflectance of the spectacle lens 20 is at least 20% at an incident angle of 0 °, and the relative difference or reduction in reflectance at an incident angle of 35 ° with respect to an incident angle of 0 ° is at least 10%. . In the portion 870 nm to 950 nm, the relative difference or reduction in reflectivity at an incident angle of 35 ° with respect to an incident angle of 0 ° is at least 20%.

  The exemplary embodiment described above limits the relative reduction of one parameter, here the wavelength range that must be met, to another parameter, in this case angle-dependent reflectivity, by 10%. It can be expanded at least 20%.

  Preferably, the spectacle lens according to the present disclosure proposed here may optionally further comprise an additional coating on the front face 23 or the rear face 24.

  In this regard, FIG. 10 shows an advantageous anti-reflection effect reflection curve that can preferably be provided on the back surface 24 to provide further protection against high energy or single wavelength blue light. The coating shown in FIG. 10 also provides an effective broadband antireflection effect in the visible wavelength range with blue residual reflection. Curve 52 shows the reflectivity at an incident angle of 0 ° and curve 53 clearly shows the reflectivity at an incident angle of 35 °. The table below shows the layer structure of the coating according to FIG.

  FIG. 11 shows another advantage of providing an effective broadband antireflection effect in the visible wavelength range with blue residual reflection and a significantly increased reflectivity in the near infrared wavelength range, R> 30% for 950 nm to 1500 nm. A simple reflection curve. The average reflectance in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 460 nm is at least 14%. Such at least partial mirroring effects can be particularly advantageous for infrared radiation incident from the front, as shown in the application scenario of FIG.

Curve 52 shows the reflectivity at an incident angle of 0 ° and curve 53 clearly shows the reflectivity at an incident angle of 35 °. The reflectance of the coating in the wavelength range 54 at an incident angle of 0 ° is at least 20% at a wavelength λ _NIR in the near-infrared range, and in addition, at an incident angle of 35 °, the reflectance of the coating is at an incident angle of 0 Reduced by at least 10% with respect to °. As an alternative to the above example, the percentage reduction in reflection may also appear as a relative reduction in reflectance at the wavelength λ _NIR at 0 ° and 35 °. For example, a reflectivity reduced by at least 10% at an incident angle of 35 ° for an incident angle of 0 ° may correspond to a reflectivity of 36% or less at an incident angle of 35 ° for a reflectivity of 40% at an incident angle of 0 °. Absent.

  The table below shows the layer structure of the coating according to FIG.

  FIG. 12 shows a flowchart of a method 60 for designing the spectacle lens 20, in particular a computer-implemented or experimental method. The spectacle lens 20 includes a lens substrate 21 and a coating 22 applied to the lens substrate, and the laminated array 25 forms the coating 22.

  In this example, the lens substrate 21 is selected in the first step S61. The lens substrate may provide the desired refractive index and / or prism optical power.

The stack arrangement 25 is determined in a second step S62, which is at least 20% for near infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR where the coating 22 impinges on the coating 22 at an incident angle of 0 °. And a second reflectivity for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR that impinges on the coating 22 at an incident angle of 35 °, the second reflectivity being at least with respect to the first reflectivity The condition of 10% reduction applies. An exemplary stacked arrangement 25 has been described above.

  FIG. 13 shows a flowchart of a method 70 for manufacturing the spectacle lens 20. The spectacle lens 20 includes a lens substrate 21 and a coating 22 applied to the lens substrate, and the laminated array 25 forms the coating 22.

  The lens substrate 21 is provided in the first step S71. The lens substrate may provide the desired refractive power and / or prism optical power.

The stack arrangement 25 is formed in a second step S72, which is at least 20% of the first wavelength λ _NIR near infrared light with which the coating 22 impinges on the coating 22 at an incident angle of 0 °. And a second reflectivity for near-infrared light of a first wavelength λ _NIR that impinges on the coating 22 at an incident angle of 35 °, the second reflectivity being at least with respect to the first reflectivity The condition of 10% reduction applies. An exemplary stacked arrangement 25 has been described above. The individual layers of the stacked arrangement 25 are formed in successive partial steps. An exemplary stacked arrangement 25 is disclosed in the above exemplary embodiment that satisfies this condition. Alternative stacking arrangements can be obtained in particular by the above-described computer-implemented or experimental methods for designing the spectacle lens 20 and can be applied accordingly to the lens substrate 21.

  FIG. 14 illustrates a method 60 for designing a spectacle lens 20 as shown in FIG. 12, particularly to determine a stacking arrangement 25 that may be used in an exemplary manner in a computer-implemented or experimental method. An exemplary flowchart 80 of the method steps is shown. To avoid repetition, both the exemplary computer-implemented method and the exemplary experimental method method steps are described together based on the flowchart 80 of FIG.

  In a first step S81, parameters describing the first stack arrangement 25 of the coating 22 are provided (computer-implemented method) or the first stack arrangement 25 of the coating 22 is provided (experimental method).

  In a second step S82, a first limit representing the first reflectivity, for example at least 20%, is provided.

In a third step S83, the reflectance of the coating 22 for near-infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR impinging on the coating 22 at an incident angle of 0 ° is determined (computer-implemented method) or measured (experimental method). ).

  In a fourth step S84, the reflectivity determined or measured in step S83 is compared with the first limit.

  If, as a result of the comparison in step S84, the reflectance determined in step S83 does not exceed the first limit, in step S85, the parameters describing the first stacked arrangement 25 are changed (computer-implemented method), or The stacking arrangement 25 is changed (experimental method). Thereafter, steps S83 and S84 are executed again. This is therefore an iterative procedure for determining a coating 22 having a stacked arrangement 25 having a desired reflectivity.

If the reflectivity determined in step S83 exceeds the first limit as a result of the comparison in step S84, the near-infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR colliding with the coating 22 at an incident angle of 35 ° in step S86. Is determined (computer-implemented method) or measured (experimental method).

  In subsequent step S87, the reflectance determined in step S86 is compared with the reflectance determined in step S83 (computer-implemented method), or the reflectance measured in step S86 is the reflectance measured in step 83. (Experimental method).

  If, as a result of the comparison in step S87, the reflectivity determined or measured in step S86 has not been reduced below 10% below the reflectivity determined or measured in step S83, in step S88, the first Parameters describing the stack arrangement 25 are changed (computer-implemented method) or the stack arrangement 25 is changed (experimental method).

  As a result of the comparison in step S87, when the reflectance determined or measured in step 86 is reduced to be less than 10% less than the reflectance determined or measured in step S83, in step S89, the first stacked arrangement Are output as parameters describing the stack arrangement 25 of the coating 22 (computer-implemented method) or the stack arrangement 25 is used as the stack arrangement 25 of the coating 22 to be determined.

FIG. 15 shows a development of an exemplary flowchart 80 of method steps for determining the stack arrangement 25 of FIG. The method steps may also be performed in a different order and / or in parallel unless they are interdependent. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 15, the step of determining or measuring the reflectance of the coating 22 for near-infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR impinging on the coating 22 at an incident angle of 35 ° according to step S86 is now a step. This is executed before the comparison in S84. In particular, steps S83 and S86 can also be performed in parallel.

  In conclusion, an improved protective effect on the eye, particularly in the infrared spectral range, can be achieved using the solution proposed here.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Multilane road 11 1st vehicle 12 2nd vehicle 13 Passing beam cone 14 IR illumination area 20 Eyeglass lens 21 Lens substrate 22 Coating 23 Front surface (of lens substrate) 24 Rear surface of (lens substrate) 25 Stacking arrangement 26 High refraction Index layer 27 Low refractive index layer 28 Layer 29 Hard coat layer 30 Eye 41 Incident radiation 42 First part 43 Second part 45 Infrared radiation 51 Curve 52 First reflection curve 53 Second reflection curve 54 Wavelength Range 80 Flowchart

Claims (16)

A spectacle lens comprising a lens substrate (21) having a front surface (23) and a rear surface (24), and comprising a coating (22) applied to either the front surface (23) or the rear surface (24) of the lens substrate. (20) in the previous SL coating (22) is near the red first wavelength lambda _NIR impinging on the coating at an incidence angle of 0 ° from the front with respect to one surface of the coating (22) is applied at least 20% first reflectance for external light, the near infrared of the first wavelength lambda _NIR impinging on the coating at an incidence angle of 35 ° from the forward or backward with respect to the plane of the front Stories hand A spectacle lens (20) having a second reflectance for light, wherein the second reflectance is reduced by at least 10% with respect to the first reflectance.   The spectacle lens according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an average transmittance of at least 95% or at least 98% at an incident angle of 0 ° in the visible wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm. The wavelength λ _NIR within the near-infrared range is in a wavelength range within the group of wavelength ranges of 780 nm to 1500 nm, 800 nm to 1200 nm, or 850 nm to 1100 nm, according to claim 1 or 2 Eyeglass lens. The coating (22) according to claims 1-3, characterized in that it has a reflectivity reduced by at least 10% for an incident angle of 0 ° over a wavelength range including the wavelength λ _NIR in the near infrared range. The spectacle lens according to any one of the above. At an incident angle of 0 °, the coating (22) has a reflectivity in a group of reflectivities of at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 40%, and at least 50% for the wavelength λ _NIR in the near infrared range. The spectacle lens according to claim 1, comprising: At an angle of incidence of 35 °, the coating (22) is only a factor in the group of at least 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% with respect to the wavelength λ _NIR in the near infrared range for an incident angle of 0 °. The spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein the spectacle lens has a reduced reflectance. Over an incident angle of 30 ° to 45 °, the coating (22) has a reflectivity reduced by at least 10% for an incident angle of 0 ° for the wavelength λ _NIR in the near infrared range. Item 7. The spectacle lens according to any one of Items 1 to 6.   The spectacle lens according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the coating (22) is applied to the front surface of the lens substrate (21).   The spectacle lens according to claim 8, wherein the lens substrate (21) further comprises an IR absorber.   Furthermore, the coating (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied to the rear surface (24) of the lens substrate (21). Eyeglass lens.   The back surface has an anti-reflective coating for at least one range in the group of visible light, IR light, and UV light, and / or the front surface is at least one in the group of UV light and short wavelength blue light 11. The spectacle lens according to claim 1, comprising a reflective coating for the area. A lens substrate (21) having a front surface (23) and a rear surface (24), and a coating (22) applied to one of the front surface (23) and the rear surface (24) of the lens substrate (21). A computer-implemented method (60) for designing a spectacle lens (20) comprising a stack arrangement (25) forming said coating (22), comprising:
- and determining the laminated array (25), the laminated arrangement (25) is pre-Symbol coating (22) is incident from the front with respect to one surface of the coating (22) is applied angle 0 ° in the coating (22) at least 20% first reflectance and the first wavelength lambda _NIR near-infrared light impinging on the incident angle from the front or rear with respect to the plane of the front Stories hand Having a second reflectivity for near infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR impinging on the coating (22) at 35 °, the second reflectivity being at least 10% with respect to the first reflectivity A method comprising a step determined on condition that it is reduced. The computer-implemented method for designing a spectacle lens (20) according to claim 12, wherein determining the stacking arrangement (25) comprises:
a) providing a parameter describing the first stack arrangement (25) of the coating (22) (S81);
b) providing a first limit of at least 20% representing said first reflectivity (S82);
c) determining the reflectance of the coating (22) for near-infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating (22) at an incident angle of 0 ° (S83);
d) comparing the reflectivity determined in step c) with the first limit (S84);
e1) If the comparison made in step d) determines that the first limit does not exceed the reflectivity determined in step c),
f1) a step (S85) of changing parameters for explaining the first stacked arrangement (25);
g1) performing steps c) to d);
e2) If it is determined that the first limit has been exceeded as a result of the comparison performed in step d),
f2) determining the reflectance of the coating (22) for near-infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating (22) at an incident angle of 35 ° (S86);
g2) comparing the reflectance determined in step f2) with the reflectance determined in c) (S87);
h2.1) As a result of the comparison performed in step g2), if it is determined that the reflectivity determined in step f2) does not fall below 10% of the reflectivity determined in step c),
i2.1) changing the parameters describing the first stack arrangement (25) (S88);
j2.1) performing steps c) to d);
h2.2) As a result of the comparison performed in step g2), if it is determined that the reflectance determined in step f2) is less than 10% less than the reflectance determined in step c),
k2.2) outputting the parameter describing the first stack arrangement (25) as the parameter describing the stack arrangement (25) of the coating (22) (S89);
A computer-implemented method comprising: A lens substrate (21) having a front surface (23) and a rear surface (24), and a coating (22) applied to one of the front surface (23) and the rear surface (24) of the lens substrate (21). In an experimental method for designing a spectacle lens (20) comprising a stacking arrangement (25) forming said coating (22),
- and determining the laminated array (25), the laminated sequence, prior Symbol coating (22), the incident angle 0 ° from the front with respect to one surface of the coating (22) is applied in in the near-infrared light for at least 20% of the first reflectance of the first wavelength lambda _NIR impinging said the coating (22), the incident angle 35 ° from the forward or backward with respect to the plane of the front Stories hand Having a second reflectivity for near infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR impinging on the coating (22), wherein the second reflectivity is reduced by at least 10% with respect to the first reflectivity; A step determined by the condition
And determining the stack arrangement (25) comprises:
a) providing a first stacked arrangement (25) of the coating (22) (S81);
b) providing a first limit of at least 20% representing said first reflectivity (S82);
c) measuring the reflectance of the coating (22) for near-infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating (22) at an incident angle of 0 ° (S83);
d) comparing the reflectance measured in step c) with the first limit (S84);
e1) If it is determined from the comparison made in step d) that the first limit has not been exceeded by the reflectivity measured in step c),
f1) changing the first stack arrangement (25) (S85);
g1) performing steps c) to d);
e2) If it is determined that the first limit has been exceeded as a result of the comparison performed in step d),
f2) measuring the reflectance of the coating (22) for near infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating (22) at an incident angle of 35 ° (S86);
g2) comparing the reflectance measured in step f2) with the reflectance measured in step c) (S87);
h2.1) As a result of the comparison performed in step g2), if it is determined that the reflectance measured in step f2) does not exceed 10% of the reflectance measured in step c),
i2.1) changing the first stack arrangement (25) (S88);
j2.1) performing steps c) to d);
h2.2) As a result of the comparison performed in step g2), if it is determined that the reflectance measured in step f2) is lower than the reflectance measured in step c) by more than 10%,
k2.2) using the first stack arrangement (25) as the stack arrangement (25) to be determined of the coating (22) (S89);
An experimental method characterized by comprising: The computer-implemented method for designing a spectacle lens (20) according to claim 12, wherein determining the stacking arrangement (25) comprises:
a) providing a parameter describing the first stack arrangement (25) of the coating (22) (S81);
b) providing a first limit of at least 20% representing said first reflectivity (S82);
c) determining the reflectance of the coating (22) for near-infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating (22) at an incident angle of 0 ° (S83);
d) determining the reflectance of the coating (22) for near-infrared light of the first wavelength λ _NIR incident on the coating (22) at an incident angle of 35 ° (S86);
e) comparing the reflectivity determined in step c) with the first limit (S84);
f1) If it is determined from the comparison made in step e) that the first limit has not been exceeded by the reflectivity determined in step c),
g1) a step (S85) of changing parameters for explaining the first stacked arrangement (25);
h1) performing steps c) to e);
f2) If it is determined that the first limit is exceeded as a result of the comparison performed in step e),
g2) comparing the reflectance determined in step d) with the reflectance determined in step c) (S87);
h2.1) If it is determined as a result of the comparison performed in step g2) that the reflectivity determined in step d) did not fall below 10% of the reflectivity determined in step c),
i2.1) changing the parameters describing the first stack arrangement (25) (S88);
j2.1) performing steps c) to e);
h2.2) As a result of the comparison performed in step g2), if it is determined that the reflectivity determined in step d) is lower than the reflectivity determined in step c) by more than 10%,
k2.2) outputting the parameter describing the first stack arrangement (25) as the parameter describing the stack arrangement (25) of the coating (22) (S89);
A computer-implemented method comprising: A lens substrate (21) having a front surface (23) and a rear surface (24), and including a coating (22) applied to one of the front surface (23) and the rear surface (24) of the lens substrate; In a method (70) of manufacturing a spectacle lens (20) wherein the array (25) forms the coating (22):
Providing a lens substrate (21);
-Forming the stacked arrangement (25) on the lens substrate (21),
The laminated arrangement (25) is pre-Symbol coating (22), said coating (22) is a first impinging on the coating (22) at an incident angle of 0 ° from the front with respect to the one surface being coated at least 20% of the first reflectivity for near infrared light having a wavelength lambda _NIR, the first impinging on the coating (22) at an incident angle of 35 ° from the forward or backward with respect to the plane of the front Stories hand A method to which a condition is applied that has a second reflectivity for near-infrared light of wavelength λ _NIR , wherein the second reflectivity is reduced by at least 10% with respect to the first reflectivity.