JP6589366B2 - Active energy ray curable composition, active energy ray curable ink, composition container, image forming method and forming apparatus, and molded article - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an active energy ray curable composition, an active energy ray curable ink, a container containing them, a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image forming method and forming apparatus using them, and the image The present invention relates to a processed molded product.

  Conventionally, active energy ray curable inks have been supplied and used for offsets, silk screens, top coats, etc. In recent years, costs have been reduced by simplifying the drying process, and volatilization of solvents has been reduced for environmental reasons. The amount of use has increased due to the advantages of

Recently, active energy ray-curable inks are often subjected to a molding process as a post-treatment after being discharged onto a substrate and cured. In the molding process, it is necessary to ensure stretchability, bendability, and the like, and it is also necessary to ensure high hardness that can withstand scratches and dents. However, when the hardness increases, the cured product becomes brittle and the stretchability and bendability are lost. Thus, there is a problem that hardness, stretchability, and bendability are always in a trade-off relationship, and it is difficult to achieve both.
Accordingly, various compositions containing a polymerizable monofunctional monomer have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

However, a coating film and a laminate thereof that can achieve both hardness, stretchability and bendability have not been realized.
The present invention relates to an active energy ray-curable composition, and relates to an active energy ray-curable composition that can achieve both hardness, stretchability and bendability in a cured product (coating film or laminate thereof) using the composition. The purpose is to provide.

The active energy ray-curable composition of the present invention as a means for solving the above problems is an active energy ray-curable composition containing a resin and a monofunctional monomer having one ethylenically unsaturated double bond. Using the active energy ray-curable composition, the substrate is cured by irradiating an active energy ray having an illuminance of 1.5 W / cm ² and an irradiation amount of 200 mJ / cm ^{2 on} the substrate. The spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) obtained by the solid echo method in the pulse NMR analysis at 40 ° C. of the cured product having an average thickness of 10 μm is 0.010 milliseconds or more and 0.032 milliseconds or less. .

  According to the present invention, there is provided an active energy ray-curable composition capable of satisfying both hardness, stretchability and bendability in a cured product (coating film or laminate thereof) using the active energy ray-curable composition. Can do.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an image forming apparatus (two-dimensional stereoscopic image manufacturing apparatus) provided with an inkjet discharge unit. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an image forming apparatus (three-dimensional stereoscopic image manufacturing apparatus) provided with an inkjet discharge unit. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of an image forming apparatus (a three-dimensional stereoscopic image manufacturing apparatus).

(Active energy ray-curable composition)
The active energy ray-curable composition of the present invention contains a resin and a monofunctional monomer having one ethylenically unsaturated double bond, and, if necessary, two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds. The polyfunctional monomer having the above, an oligomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, and other components are contained.
Moreover, using the active energy ray-curable composition, the substrate was cured by irradiation with active energy rays having an illuminance of 1.5 W / cm ² and an irradiation amount of 200 mJ / cm ² . The spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) obtained by the solid echo method in pulse NMR analysis of a cured product having an average thickness of 10 μm at 40 ° C. is 0.010 milliseconds or more and 0.032 milliseconds or less.

The mechanism that can achieve both hardness, stretchability, and bendability by using the configuration of the present invention is currently being analyzed, but the following can be inferred from some analysis data.
The spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) obtained by the solid echo method in the pulse NMR analysis is a parameter representing the hardness of the entire cured product obtained from the viewpoint of molecular mobility. When the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) is short, the molecular mobility decreases and the hardness of the cured product increases. On the other hand, when the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) is long, the molecular mobility becomes high, and the hardness of the obtained cured product becomes low and soft. Therefore, it is considered that when the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) is 0.010 milliseconds or more and 0.032 milliseconds or less, both hardness, stretchability and bendability can be achieved.

<Resin>
The resin is contained in order to reduce the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ). The spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) can be further reduced by increasing the resin content, increasing the weight average molecular weight, or having a rigid molecular structure such as a strong cross-linked structure.

  The resin is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from non-polymerizable resins that do not cause a polymerization reaction due to irradiation with active energy rays or heating, and more specifically, an ethylenically unsaturated double bond. Resins that do not have are listed.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a weight average molecular weight of the said resin, According to the objective, it can select suitably, 1,500 or more are preferable, 2,000 or more are more preferable, 3,000 or more are especially preferable, 70, 000 or less is preferable, 30,000 or less is more preferable, and 20,000 or less is particularly preferable. The weight average molecular weight can be measured, for example, by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).

The resin preferably has a crosslinked structure. There is no restriction | limiting in particular as formation of the said crosslinked structure, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, a crosslinking agent etc. can be used.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said crosslinking agent, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, a triethanolamine, a diethanolamine, etc. are mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the resin include acrylic resins, polyester resins, vinyl resins, polyurethane resins, polyvinyl chloride resins, ketone resins, epoxy resins, nitrocellulose resins, phenoxy resins, or mixtures thereof. And a polymer selected from. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, polyester resins and vinyl resins are preferable.

-Polyester resin-
As the polyester-based resin, the following polyester-modified resins can be used. In the synthesis of the polyester-modified resin, for example, a polyester prepolymer having an isocyanate group can be used.
The polyester prepolymer (A) having an isocyanate group is a polycondensate of polyol (1) and polycarboxylic acid (2), and a polyester having an active hydrogen group was further reacted with polyisocyanate (3). Things.
Examples of the active hydrogen group include hydroxyl groups (alcoholic hydroxyl groups and phenolic hydroxyl groups), amino groups, carboxyl groups, mercapto groups, and the like. Among these, an alcoholic hydroxyl group is preferable.
Examples of the polyol (1) include a diol (1-1) and a trivalent or higher polyol (1-2). Among these, diol (1-1) alone or a mixture of diol (1-1) and a small amount of a trivalent or higher polyol (1-2) is preferable.
Examples of the diol (1-1) include alkylene glycol (ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, etc.); alkylene ether Glycols (diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, etc.); alicyclic diols (1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, hydrogenated bisphenol A, etc.); bisphenols (bisphenol) A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, etc.); alkylene oxide (ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, etc.) adduct of the alicyclic diol; Alkylene oxide phenols (ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, etc.), etc. adducts. Among these, alkylene glycols having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and alkylene oxide adducts of bisphenols are preferable, and combined use of alkylene oxide adducts of bisphenols and alkylene glycols having 2 to 12 carbon atoms is more preferable.
Examples of the trivalent or higher polyol (1-2) include, for example, a trihydric or higher polyvalent aliphatic alcohol or a polyvalent aliphatic alcohol of 9 or higher valent (glycerin, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, Pentaerythritol, sorbitol, etc.); trivalent or higher phenols (trisphenol PA, phenol novolac, cresol novolak, etc.); alkylene oxide adducts of the above trivalent or higher polyphenols.

Examples of the polycarboxylic acid (2) include dicarboxylic acid (2-1) and trivalent or higher polycarboxylic acid (2-2). Among these, dicarboxylic acid (2-1) alone or a mixture of dicarboxylic acid (2-1) and a small amount of trivalent or higher polycarboxylic acid (2-2) is preferable.
Examples of the dicarboxylic acid (2-1) include alkylene dicarboxylic acids (succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, etc.); alkenylene dicarboxylic acids (maleic acid, fumaric acid, etc.); aromatic dicarboxylic acids (phthalic acid, isophthalic acid). , Terephthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, etc.). Among these, alkenylene dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and aromatic dicarboxylic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms are preferable.
Examples of the trivalent or higher polycarboxylic acid (2-2) include aromatic polycarboxylic acids having 9 to 20 carbon atoms (trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, etc.).
In addition, as polycarboxylic acid (2), you may make it react with polyol (1) using the acid anhydride or lower alkyl ester (methyl ester, ethyl ester, isopropyl ester, etc.) of the above-mentioned thing.

  As a mass ratio of the content (mass%) of the polyol (1) and the content (mass%) of the polycarboxylic acid (2), an equivalent ratio [OH of hydroxyl group [OH] and carboxyl group [COOH] ] / [COOH] is preferably 2/1 or more and 1/1 or less, more preferably 1.5 / 1 or more and 1/1 or less, and particularly preferably 1.3 / 1 or more and 1.02 / 1 or less.

  Examples of the polyisocyanate (3) include aliphatic polyisocyanates (tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,6-diisocyanatomethylcaproate, etc.); alicyclic polyisocyanates (isophorone diisocyanate, cyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, etc.) ); Aromatic diisocyanates (tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, etc.); araliphatic diisocyanates (α, α, α ′, α′-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, etc.); isocyanurates; And those blocked with caprolactam and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  As mass ratio of content (mass%) of the polyester which has the said active hydrogen group, and content (mass%) of the said polyisocyanate (3), isocyanate group [NCO] and the hydroxyl group of the polyester which has a hydroxyl group [ The equivalent ratio [NCO] / [OH] of OH] is preferably 5/1 or more and 1/1 or less, more preferably 4/1 or more and 1.2 / 1 or less, and 2.5 / 1 or more and 1.5 / 1. The following are particularly preferred:

  The number of isocyanate groups contained per molecule in the isocyanate group-containing prepolymer (A) is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 1.5 to 3 in average, and 1.8 in average. More than 2.5 is especially preferable. When the number of the isocyanate groups is 1 or more per molecule, the average molecular weight of the modified polyester after crosslinking and / or elongation can be increased.

  The content of the polyisocyanate (3) in the prepolymer (A) having an isocyanate group at the terminal is preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, more preferably 1% by mass or more and 3% by mass or less. A mass% or more and 20 mass% or less is particularly preferable.

  In the present invention, not only the modified polyester (A) can be used alone, but also the modified polyester (A) and the unmodified polyester (C) can be contained as a resin component. By using together the unmodified polyester (C), the gloss and uniformity of the cured product can be improved.

Examples of the unmodified polyester (C) include polycondensates of polyol (1) and polycarboxylic acid (2) similar to the polyester component of the isocyanate group-containing prepolymer (A). . Preference is given to the same prepolymer (A) having an isocyanate group.
The unmodified polyester (C) is not limited to unmodified polyester, but may be modified with a chemical bond other than a urea bond, and may be modified with a urethane bond, for example. From the viewpoint of curability and stretchability, it is preferable that at least a part of the prepolymer (A) having an isocyanate group and the unmodified polyester (C) are compatible.
The polyester component of the prepolymer (A) having an isocyanate group and the unmodified polyester (C) preferably have a similar composition.
When the prepolymer (A) having the isocyanate group is contained, the content (% by mass) of the prepolymer (A) having the isocyanate group and the content (% by mass) of the unmodified polyester (C) The mass ratio (A / B) is preferably 5/95 or more and 75/25 or less, more preferably 10/90 or more and 25/75 or less, further preferably 12/88 or more and 25/75 or less, and 12/88 or more and 22 or less. / 78 or less is particularly preferable. The said mass ratio (A / B) is 5/95 or more and 75/25 or less, and can improve sclerosis | hardenability.

The weight average molecular weight of the unmodified polyester (C) is preferably 1,000 or more and 30,000 or less, more preferably 1,500 or more and 10,000 or less, and particularly preferably 2,000 or more and 8,000 or less. .
The hydroxyl value of the unmodified polyester (C) is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more and 120 or less, and particularly preferably 20 or more and 80 or less.
The acid value of the unmodified polyester (C) is preferably from 0.5 to 40, more preferably from 5 to 35. When the hydroxyl value and the acid value are each within the above ranges, it is difficult to be influenced by the environment in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment or a low-temperature and low-humidity environment, and the deterioration of the cured product can be prevented.

-Vinyl resin-
The vinyl resin is a polymer obtained by homopolymerization or copolymerization of a vinyl monomer, for example, styrene- (meth) acrylic ester resin; styrene-butadiene copolymer; (meth) acrylic acid-acrylic ester. Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer; styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer; styrene- (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, polystyrene, poly-p-chlorostyrene, polyvinyl toluene Copolymer: Styrene-p-chlorostyrene copolymer, styrene-propylene copolymer, styrene-vinyltoluene copolymer, styrene-vinylnaphthalene copolymer, styrene-methyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-ethyl acrylate copolymer Polymer, styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer, styrene -Octyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-ethyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-butyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-α-chloromethyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile Copolymer, styrene-vinyl methyl ketone copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-isoprene copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile-indene copolymer, styrene-maleic acid copolymer, styrene-maleic acid ester copolymer Examples thereof include styrenic copolymers such as polymers; polymethyl methacrylate; polybutyl methacrylate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  As said resin, a commercial item can be used, and as said commercial item, for example, as an acrylic resin, Jonkrill (made by BASF Japan), S REC P (made by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), Elvacite 4026, Elvacite 2028 (Lucite International, Inc), etc .; polyester resins such as Elitel (manufactured by Unitika), Byron (manufactured by Toyobo), etc .; polyurethane resins such as Byron UR (manufactured by Toyobo), NT-Hilamic ( Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Crisbon (DIC Co., Ltd.), Nipponran (Nihon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd.), etc .; PVC resins include SOLBIN (Nisshin Chemical Co., Ltd.), Vini Blanc (Nisshin Chemical Co., Ltd.) Made by Co., Ltd.) Latex (made by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation), Sumilite (made by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), Sekisui PVC (made by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), UCAR (made by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd.), etc .; Manufactured by Co., Ltd.), SK (manufactured by Degussa), etc .; EPPN-201 (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.), HP-7200 (manufactured by DIC Co., Ltd.); epoxy resin, HIG, LIG , SL, VX (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.), industrial nitrocellulose RS, SS (manufactured by Daicel Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like; phenoxy resins such as YP-50 and YP-50S (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.) Can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Moreover, a synthetic product obtained by synthesis can be used instead of a commercial product, and a synthetic product and a commercial product can be used in combination. When a resin is obtained by synthesis, a material having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond may be used as a raw material before synthesis.

The spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) obtained by the solid echo method in the pulse NMR analysis of the resin at 40 ° C. is preferably 0.040 milliseconds or less.
In addition, as spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) obtained by solid echo method in pulse NMR analysis of the resin at 40 ° C., “How to obtain spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ )” in the following cured product The cured product used for the measurement can be obtained in the same manner as “How to obtain the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ )” of the cured product, except that the cured product is changed to the resin.

In addition, the intermediate temperature value between the outflow start temperature and the outflow end temperature in the resin dynamic viscoelastic temperature-dependent measurement method is preferably 150 ° C. or higher, more preferably 155 ° C. or higher from the viewpoint of increasing the hardness of the cured film. The temperature is preferably 160 ° C. or higher. The intermediate temperature (TP) is from 50 ° C. to 3 ° C. using a flow tester device (trade name: CFT-500D, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) for 1 g of resin molded into a cylindrical tablet having a diameter of 1 cm. Heated at a temperature elevation rate of ° C./min (load: 10 kg, die hole diameter: 0.5 mm, die length: 1.0 mm, preheating time: 200 seconds), and the resin is in the vicinity of the glass transition temperature of the resin. The temperature (softening temperature Ts) that begins to move in response to heating within a range that does not flow out from the nozzle, the temperature at which the amount of drop that reaches the end of the flow of molten resin changes significantly (flow out start temperature Tfb), and the outflow ends. Temperature (outflow end temperature Tend) to be measured, and can be calculated from these values using the following formula.
Intermediate temperature TP = ((Tfb + Tend) / 2)

  In addition, as a method of measuring the intermediate temperature of the resin contained in the active energy ray-curable composition, the active energy ray-curable composition is subjected to a freeze freeze pulverizer (trade name: JFC-300, Nippon Analytical Industries, Ltd.). The sample crushed for 10 minutes using liquid nitrogen was immersed in chloroform solvent for 24 hours, the eluted component was dried at 50 ° C. for 24 hours, and the obtained resin component was used for the above. The intermediate temperature of the resin can be measured by the same method.

  The glass transition temperature of the resin is preferably 10.0 ° C. or higher in order to increase the hardness of the cured product.

  The content of the resin is preferably 3% by mass or more based on the total amount of the active energy ray-curable composition in order to increase the hardness of the cured product.

<Monofunctional monomer having one ethylenically unsaturated double bond>
The monofunctional monomer has one ethylenically unsaturated double bond.
Examples of the monofunctional monomer having one ethylenically unsaturated double bond include phenoxyethyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, t -Butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl acrylate, methoxytriethylene glycol acrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl acrylate, 3-methoxybutyl acrylate, ethoxyethyl acrylate, butoxyethyl acrylate, ethoxydiethylene glycol acrylate, ethoxydiethylene glycol acrylate, methoxydi Xylethyl acrylate, ethyl diglycol acrylate, cyclic trimethyl Propaneformal monoacrylate, imide acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, ethoxylated succinic acid acrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, ω-carboxypolycaprolactone monoacrylate, N-vinylformamide, cyclohexyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, methylphenoxyethyl acrylate, 4- t-butylcyclohexyl acrylate, caprolactone-modified tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, tribromophenyl acrylate, ethoxylated tribromophenyl acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate, acryloylmorpholine, phenoxydiethylene glycol acrylate, vinyl caprolactam, vinyl pyrrolidone, 2-hydroxy-3- Phenoxypropyl acrylate 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol monoacrylate, 2- (2-ethoxyethoxy) ethyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acrylate, lauryl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol acrylate, Examples include isooctyl acrylate, octyl / decyl acrylate, tridecyl acrylate, caprolactone acrylate, ethoxylated (4) nylphenol acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (350) monoacrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (550) monoacrylate, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The content of the monofunctional monomer having one ethylenically unsaturated double bond is preferably 50% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, and 60% by mass with respect to the total amount of the compound having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond. The content is more preferably 100% by mass or less and particularly preferably 80% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less. If the content is 50% by mass or more, stretchability can be improved.

<Spin - spin relaxation time _(T 2)>
As the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ), the active energy ray-curable composition is irradiated with active energy rays having an illuminance of 1.5 W / cm ² and an irradiation amount of 200 mJ / cm ^2. Then, it can be obtained by a solid echo method in pulse NMR analysis of the cured product.
The spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) is 0.010 milliseconds or longer, preferably 0.016 milliseconds or longer, more preferably 0.017 milliseconds or longer, and further preferably 0.018 milliseconds or longer. 0.025 milliseconds or longer is particularly preferable, 0.032 milliseconds or shorter, 0.031 milliseconds or shorter is preferable, and 0.030 milliseconds or shorter is particularly preferable. When the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) is 0.010 milliseconds or more, the obtained cured product has sufficient molecular mobility and can follow deformation caused by external force. When it is 0.032 milliseconds or less, the molecular mobility of the cured product can be controlled, so that sufficient hardness of the cured product is ensured, scratch resistance, and dent resistance. Can be improved.

<< Method of obtaining spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) >>
The spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) can be obtained using a solid echo method in pulse NMR analysis.

The pulse NMR analysis can be performed by the following method.
Evaluation can be made using pulse NMR (Minispec mq series) manufactured by Bruker. By applying a high-frequency magnetic field as a pulse to the active energy ray-curable composition placed in the NMR tube, the magnetization vector is collapsed, and the active energy ray from the time until the x and y components disappear (that is, the relaxation time). The mobility of molecules constituting the cured product obtained by using the curable composition can be evaluated. Detailed measurement methods and measurement conditions are shown below.

(1) Measurement method An active energy ray-curable composition is applied on a slide glass (manufactured by Artec Co., Ltd., 008534, 26 × 76 mm, thickness of 1 mm to 1.2 mm) so that the average thickness is 10 μm. Immediately after the application, UV light is irradiated with an illuminance of 1.5 W / cm ² and a light amount of 200 mJ / cm ² by a UV irradiator LH6 manufactured by Fusion Systems Japan Co., Ltd. to obtain a cured product. The cured product obtained using a spatula is peeled off, 20 mg of which is weighed into an NMR tube having a diameter of 10 mm, warmed for 15 minutes with a preheater adjusted to 40 ° C., and used for measurement. In the second and third measurements, the sample used for the first measurement is used as it is. After the first measurement, the sample is not returned to the preheater, but is left in the pulse NMR apparatus, and the remaining two measurements are performed.
As the method for measuring the average thickness, for example, a contact type (pointer type) or eddy current type film thickness meter, for example, an electronic micrometer (manufactured by Anritsu Co., Ltd.) is used. It can be obtained from the value.

(2) Measurement conditions Solid echo method (b-solid method)
・ First 90 ° Pulse Separation: 0.02msec
・ Final Pulse Separation: 0.20msec
・ Number of Data Point for Fitting: 20 points
・ Cumulated number: 32times
・ Temperature: 40 ℃

(3) Calculation Method of Spin-Spin Relaxation Time (T ₂ ) Spin-spin relaxation time is calculated by using ORIGIN 8.5 (manufactured by OriginLab) from an attenuation curve obtained by the solid echo method of the pulse NMR measurement. can do. The relaxation time can be obtained by mono-exponential approximation for each of the three measurement results, and the spin-spin relaxation time calculated from the first measurement is T _{2 (1)} , and the spin calculated from the second measurement is − The spin relaxation time is T _{2 (2)} , and the spin-spin relaxation time calculated from the third measurement is T _{2 (3)} . The spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) is an average value of T _{2 (1) to} T _{2 (3)} , and is obtained by the following formula (2).
(In the formula (2), T _{2 (1)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the first measurement, T _{2 (2)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the second measurement, and T _{2 (3)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the third measurement)

<Variation rate of spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ )>
The fluctuation rate of the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) is a parameter representing the curability of a cured product obtained using the active energy ray-curable composition, and the cured product having a smaller fluctuation rate has a higher curability. Have. The solid echo method is a mode in which a solid sample such as a cured product can be stably measured. When a sample containing a liquid component such as residual monomer in the cured product at 40 ° C. is measured by the solid echo method. A slight temperature change in the pulse NMR apparatus causes a change in the value of the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ).

The fluctuation rate of the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) is preferably 15% or less, and preferably 6% or less. When the rate of variation is 15% or less, it has excellent curability and the amount of residual monomer in the cured product decreases, so that odor can be reduced. One method for adjusting the rate of change when the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) is measured three times is to increase the content of the initiator. By increasing the content of the initiator, more monomers contribute to the polymerization, so that the amount of residual monomers is reduced and the variation rate can be reduced.

<< Method of Obtaining Variation Rate of Spin-Spin Relaxation Time (T ₂ ) >>
The fluctuation rate of the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) can be obtained from the following formula (1).
(However, the formula (1), the spin - spin relaxation time (T ₂₎ spin when measured 3 times represented by the following formula (2) - represents the average value of the spin relaxation time, T 2 _{(1 )} Represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the first measurement, T _{2 (2)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the second measurement, and T _{2 (3)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the third measurement. Represents

<Stretch rate>
As the stretching ratio, the active energy ray-curable composition of the present invention was used, and the polycarbonate substrate was irradiated with an active energy ray having an irradiation amount of 1,500 mJ / cm ² to be cured. It can be measured using a 10 μm cured product.
As the method for measuring the average thickness, for example, a contact type (pointer type) or eddy current type film thickness meter, for example, an electronic micrometer (manufactured by Anritsu Co., Ltd.) is used. It can be obtained from the value.

  The stretching ratio is preferably 100% or more, and more preferably 100% or more and 600% or less. When the stretching ratio is 100% or more, the film strength of the cured film can be increased.

As the stretching ratio, the length before and after the tensile test is measured with the following apparatus and conditions, and the “stretching ratio” can be obtained from the following formula.
-Equipment and conditions-
・ Tensile testing machine: Desktop precision universal testing machine (trade name: Autograph AGS-5kNX, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation)
・ Tensile speed: 20 mm / min
・ Temperature: 180 ℃
・ Sample: JIS K6251 Dumbbell shape (No. 6)
[formula]
Stretch rate = (length after tensile test−length before tensile test) × 100 / (length before tensile test)

<Polyfunctional monomer having two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds>
The polyfunctional monomer having two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds increases the degree of cross-linking in the resulting cured product and controls the molecular mobility to shorten the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ). However, it is contained in order to improve the hardness of the resulting cured product.

  Examples of the polyfunctional monomer having two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds include hexadiol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, dipropylene glycol diacrylate, and tripropylene. Glycol triacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, bispentaerythritol hexaacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, ethoxylated 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, polypropylene glycol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, tetra Tylene glycol diacrylate, 2-n-butyl-2-ethyl 1,3-propanediol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate hydroxypivalate, 1,3-butylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, Hydroxypivalic acid trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated phosphoric acid triacrylate, ethoxylated tripropylene glycol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol modified trimethylolpropane diacrylate, stearic acid modified pentaerythritol diacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, tetramethylolpropane Triacrylate, tetramethylol methane triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate Caprolactone-modified trimethylolpropane triacrylate, propoxylate glyceryl triacrylate, tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, caprolactone modified dipentaerythritol hexa Acrylate, dipentaerythritol hydroxypentaacrylate, neopentyl glycol oligoacrylate, 1,4-butanediol oligoacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol oligoacrylate, trimethylolpropane oligoacrylate, pentaerythritol oligoacrylate, ethoxylated neopentyl Examples include recall di (meth) acrylate, propoxylated neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, propoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  When higher stretch processability is desired, a bifunctional monomer is preferable as the polyfunctional monomer having two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds, and it is more preferable to use only a bifunctional monomer.

  The content of the polyfunctional monomer having two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 13% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the active energy ray-curable composition. It is more preferably at most 5% by mass, particularly preferably at most 5% by mass. The stretchability of the obtained hardened | cured material can be improved as the said content is 15 mass% or less.

<Oligomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond>
The oligomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond increases molecular mobility of the entire cured product, increases the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ), and improves stretchability and bendability. It is contained.
The oligomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond preferably has one or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds. The term “oligomer” means a polymer having 2 to 20 repeating monomer structural units.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a weight average molecular weight of the oligomer which has the said ethylenically unsaturated double bond, According to the objective, it can select suitably, 1,000 or more and 30,000 or less are preferable at polystyrene conversion, and 5 More preferably, it is 2,000 or more and 20,000 or less. The weight average molecular weight can be measured, for example, by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).

  Examples of the oligomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond include aromatic urethane oligomers, aliphatic urethane oligomers, epoxy acrylate oligomers, polyester acrylate oligomers, and other special oligomers. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, an oligomer having 2 to 5 unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds is preferable, and an oligomer having 2 unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds is more preferable. Good stretchability can be obtained when the number of unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds is 2 or more and 5 or less.

As the oligomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, a commercially available product can be used. Examples of the commercially available product include UV-2000B, UV-2750B, UV-3000B manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. UV-3010B, UV-3200B, UV-3300B, UV-3700B, UV-6640B, UV-8630B, UV-7000B, UV-7610B, UV-1700B, UV-7630B, UV-6300B, UV-6640B, UV- 7550B, UV-7600B, UV-7605B, UV-7610B, UV-7630B, UV-7640B, UV-7650B, UT-5449, UT-5454; Sartomer CN902, CN902J75, CN929, CN940, CN944, CN944B85, N959, CN961E75, CN961H81, CN962, CN963, CN963A80, CN963B80, CN963E75, CN963E80, CN963J85, CN964, CN965, CN965A80, CN966, CN966A80, CN966B85, CN966H90, CN966J75, CN968, CN969, CN970, CN970A60, CN970E60, CN971, CN971A80, CN971J75, CN972, CN973, CN973A80, CN973H85, CN973J75, CN975, CN977, CN977C70, CN978, CN980, CN981, CN981A75, CN981B88, CN982B, CN982B N983, CN984, CN985, CN985B88, CN986, CN989, CN991, CN992, CN994, CN996, CN997, CN999, CN9001, CN9002, CN9004, CN9005, CN90010, C90090, C90090, CN90010 CN9024, CN9025, CN9026, CN9028, CN9029, CN9030, CN9060, CN9165, CN9167, CN9178, CN9290, CN9782, CN9783, CN9788, CN9873E 8200, EBECRYL5129, EBECRYL8210, EBECRYL8301, EBECRYL8804, EBECRYL8807, EBECRYL9260, KRM7735, KRM8296, KRM8452, EBECRYL4858, ECLER8402, EBECRYL8402, EBECRYL8402 These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
Moreover, a synthetic product obtained by synthesis can be used instead of a commercial product, and a synthetic product and a commercial product can be used in combination.

  The content of the oligomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 9% by mass or less, and further preferably 8% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the active energy ray-curable composition. Preferably, 5 mass% or less is especially preferable. When the content is 10% by mass or less, the hardness of the obtained cured product can be increased.

<Method for quantifying each component contained in the active energy ray-curable composition>
Resin, monofunctional monomer having one ethylenically unsaturated double bond, polyfunctional monomer having two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds, and ethylene, contained in the active energy ray-curable composition of the present invention As a method for quantifying an oligomer having a polyunsaturated unsaturated bond, for example, a method of quantifying from peak intensity obtained by GC-MS measurement; a method of quantifying from peak intensity obtained by molecular weight distribution measurement by GPC; ¹ H NMR measurement And a method of quantifying from the integral value obtained in (1). One specific quantification method is a method of creating a calibration curve. In addition, simply, a standard sample for each component (for example, a sample containing 15% by mass of the corresponding polyfunctional monomer) is prepared and measured under the same conditions, so that the relative size relationship is relatively It is also possible to evaluate. When the compounding amount of each component at the time of producing the active energy ray-curable composition is known, the value can be used as the content of each component.
Moreover, when each component type is unknown, qualitative can be performed in advance using GC-MS, ¹ H NMR, or the like. The glass transition temperature of the homopolymer can be measured using, for example, a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method. The glass transition temperature by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method can be measured by extracting only the polymer component by extracting the sample with a poor polymer solvent.

<Other ingredients>
Other components are not particularly limited. For example, conventionally known slip agents (surfactants), polymerization initiators, polymerization accelerators, coloring materials, organic solvents, polymerization inhibitors, penetration accelerators, wetting agents ( Humectants), fixing agents, antifungal agents, antiseptics, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, chelating agents, pH adjusting agents, thickeners, and the like.

<< Polymerization initiator >>
The polymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it can generate active species such as radicals and cations by the energy of active energy rays and initiate polymerization of a polymerizable compound (monomer or oligomer). As such a polymerization initiator, known radical polymerization initiators and cationic polymerization initiators can be used singly or in combination of two or more, and among them, it is preferable to use a radical polymerization initiator. Moreover, as content of the said polymerization initiator, in order to obtain sufficient hardening rate, 5 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less are preferable with respect to the active energy ray hardening-type composition whole quantity.

  Examples of the radical polymerization initiator include aromatic ketones, acylphosphine oxide compounds, aromatic onium salt compounds, organic peroxides, thio compounds (thioxanthone compounds, thiophenyl group-containing compounds, etc.), hexaarylbiimidazole compounds, and the like. Ketoxime ester compounds, borate compounds, azinium compounds, metallocene compounds, active ester compounds, compounds having a carbon halogen bond, and alkylamine compounds. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

In addition to the polymerization initiator, a polymerization accelerator can be used in combination.
The polymerization accelerator is not particularly limited. For example, ethyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate, methyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate, 2-dimethylaminoethyl benzoate, and amine compounds such as butoxyethyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The active energy ray-curable composition of the present invention may be a clear liquid that does not contain a colorant, or a colorant that contains a colorant. When the clear liquid is used or when it is desired to maintain the color tone of the colorant itself as much as possible, it is preferable to use a material that is less colored in materials other than the colorant described below.

<< Color material >>
As the coloring material, a glossy color such as black, white, magenta, cyan, yellow, green, orange, gold or silver is given according to the purpose and required characteristics of the active energy ray-curable composition in the present invention. Various pigments and dyes can be used, and the content thereof is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, and preferably 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less based on the total amount of the active energy ray-curable composition. More preferred.

Examples of the pigment include inorganic pigments and organic pigments. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
As the inorganic pigment, for example, carbon blacks (CI pigment black 7) such as furnace black, lamp black, acetylene black, channel black, iron oxide, titanium oxide, and the like can be used.
Examples of the organic pigment include azo pigments such as insoluble azo pigments, condensed azo pigments, azo lakes and chelate azo pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, perylene and perinone pigments, anthraquinone pigments, quinacridone pigments, dioxane pigments, thioindigo pigments, isoindolinone pigments, Polycyclic pigments such as quinophthalone pigments, dye chelates (for example, basic dye type chelates, acidic dye type chelates), dyeing lakes (basic dye type lakes, acid dye type lakes), nitro pigments, nitroso pigments, aniline black And daylight fluorescent pigments.

  The dispersant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include dispersants commonly used for preparing pigment dispersions such as polymer dispersants.

  Although it does not specifically limit as said dye, For example, an acidic dye, a direct dye, a reactive dye, a basic dye etc. can be used, and it may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together. .

<< Organic solvent >>
The active energy ray-curable composition of the present invention may contain an organic solvent, but it is preferable not to contain it if possible. By not containing organic solvent (for example, VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) free), there is no residue of volatile organic solvent in the cured film, it is possible to obtain printing site safety and prevent environmental pollution. It becomes. The “organic solvent” means what is generally called a volatile organic compound (VOC), and examples thereof include ether, ketone, xylene, ethyl acetate, cyclohexanone, toluene, and the like. It should be distinguished from the functional monomer. Further, “does not contain” an organic solvent means that it does not contain substantially, and its content is preferably less than 0.1% by mass.

<Viscosity>
The viscosity of the active energy ray-curable composition of the present invention may be appropriately adjusted according to the application and application means, and is not particularly limited. For example, the active energy ray-curable composition is discharged from a nozzle. When applying the discharging means, the viscosity in the range of 20 ° C. to 65 ° C., desirably the viscosity at 25 ° C. is preferably 3 mPa · s to 40 mPa · s, more preferably 5 mPa · s to 15 mPa · s, 6 mPa · s or more and 12 mPa · s or less is particularly preferable. Moreover, it is particularly preferable that the viscosity range is satisfied without including the organic solvent. In addition, the said viscosity uses a cone rotor (1 degree 34'xR24) by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd. cone plate type rotational viscometer VISCOMETER TVE-22L, rotation speed is 50 rpm, and the temperature of constant temperature circulating water is 20 degreeC. It can be set and measured as appropriate within the range of 65 ° C. or lower. VISCOMATE VM-150III can be used for temperature adjustment of circulating water.

<Active energy rays>
The active energy rays used for curing the active energy ray-curable composition of the present invention include polymerizable components in the composition such as electron rays, α rays, β rays, γ rays, and X rays in addition to ultraviolet rays. There is no particular limitation as long as it can provide the energy necessary for proceeding the polymerization reaction. In particular, when a high energy light source is used, the polymerization reaction can proceed without using a polymerization initiator. In the case of ultraviolet irradiation, mercury-free is strongly desired from the viewpoint of environmental protection, and replacement with a GaN-based semiconductor ultraviolet light-emitting device is very useful industrially and environmentally. Furthermore, an ultraviolet light emitting diode (UV-LED) and an ultraviolet laser diode (UV-LD) are small, have a long lifetime, high efficiency, and low cost, and are preferable as an ultraviolet light source.

(Use)
The active energy ray-curable composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the active energy ray-curable material is generally used in the field, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, a molding resin, It can be applied to paints, adhesives, insulating materials, release agents, coating materials, sealing materials, various resists, and various optical materials.
Furthermore, the active energy ray-curable composition of the present invention is not only used as an ink to form two-dimensional characters and images, but also as a three-dimensional modeling material for forming a three-dimensional three-dimensional image (three-dimensional model). Can also be used.
As the three-dimensional modeling material, for example, as a binder of powder particles used in a powder lamination method which is one of three-dimensional modeling methods, and as shown in FIG. 2, an active energy ray curable composition is used. As shown in FIG. 3, a material jet method (stereolithography method) in which three-dimensional modeling is performed by sequentially stacking materials that have been ejected to a predetermined area and irradiated with active energy rays and cured, and an active energy ray-curable composition. A solid object in an optical modeling method or the like in which a storage pool (container) 1 of 5 is irradiated with active energy rays 4 to form a hardened layer 6 having a predetermined shape on the movable stage 3, and this is sequentially laminated to perform three-dimensional modeling. It can be used as a constituent material.
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus for modeling a three-dimensional modeled object using such an active energy ray-curable composition can use a known one, and is not particularly limited. A thing provided with a supply means, a discharge means, an active energy ray irradiation means, etc. can be used.
The present invention also includes a cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable composition and a molded product obtained by processing a structure in which the cured product is formed on a substrate such as a recording medium. . The molded product is obtained by subjecting a cured product or structure formed in a sheet shape or a film shape to a molding process such as heat stretching or punching, for example, an automobile, an OA device, an electric -It is suitably used for applications that require the surface to be molded after decorating, such as meters for electronic devices, cameras, etc., and panels for operation units. The substrate is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples thereof include paper, plastic, metal, ceramic, glass, and composite materials thereof. From the viewpoint of workability, plastic is preferable. A substrate is preferred. In addition, the stretchability of the cured product in the present invention is expressed as a stretchability at 180 ° C. as a ratio of (length after tensile test−length before tensile test) / (length before tensile test). It is preferably 50% or more, and more preferably 100% or more.

(Active energy ray curable ink)
The active energy ray curable ink of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “ink”) is composed of the active energy ray curable composition of the present invention and is preferably used for inkjet.

The static surface tension of the active energy ray-curable ink at 25 ° C. is preferably 20 mN / m or more and 40 mN / m or less, and more preferably 28 mN / m or more and 35 mN / m or less.
The static surface tension was measured at 25 ° C. using a static surface tension meter (CBVP-Z type, manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.). The static surface tension assumes specifications of a commercially available inkjet discharge head such as GEN4 manufactured by Ricoh Printing Systems Co., Ltd., for example.

(Composition container)
The composition storage container of the present invention means a container in which the active energy ray-curable composition is stored, and is suitable for use in the above applications. For example, when the active energy ray-curable composition of the present invention is used for ink, the container in which the ink is accommodated can be used as an ink cartridge or an ink bottle. In this operation, it is not necessary to directly touch the ink, and the fingers and clothes can be prevented from being soiled. In addition, foreign matters such as dust can be prevented from entering the ink. Further, the shape, size, material, etc. of the container itself may be suitable for the application and usage, and are not particularly limited. It is desirable to be covered with an adhesive sheet.

(Image Forming Method and Image Forming Apparatus)
The image forming method in the present invention includes an irradiation step of irradiating active energy rays in order to cure at least the active energy ray curable composition. The image forming apparatus in the present invention irradiates active energy rays. An irradiating means for carrying out and an accommodating part for accommodating the active energy ray-curable composition, and the container may be accommodated in the accommodating part. Furthermore, you may have the discharge process and discharge means which discharge an active energy ray hardening-type composition. A method for discharging is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a continuous injection type and an on-demand type. Examples of the on-demand type include a piezo method, a thermal method, and an electrostatic method.
FIG. 1 is an example of an image forming apparatus provided with an ink jet ejection unit. Ink is ejected to the recording medium 22 supplied from the supply roll 21 by each color printing unit 23a, 23b, 23c, 23d including ink cartridges and discharge heads of active energy ray curable inks of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black. Is done. Thereafter, the light is cured by irradiating active energy rays from the light sources 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d for curing the ink, thereby forming a color image. Thereafter, the recording medium 22 is conveyed to the processing unit 25 and the printed matter winding roll 26. Each of the printing units 23a, 23b, 23c, and 23d may be provided with a heating mechanism so that the ink is liquefied by the ink discharge unit. If necessary, a mechanism for cooling the recording medium to about room temperature by contact or non-contact may be provided. In addition, for a recording medium that moves intermittently according to the ejection head width, a serial method in which the head is moved to eject ink onto the recording medium, or the recording medium is continuously moved and held at a fixed position. Any ink jet recording apparatus of a line system in which ink is ejected from a head onto a recording medium can be applied.
The recording medium 22 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include paper, a film, a metal, a composite material thereof, and the like, and may be a sheet shape. Moreover, even if it is the structure which enables only single-sided printing, the structure which also enables double-sided printing may be sufficient.
Further, the active energy ray irradiation from the light sources 24a, 24b, and 24c may be weakened or omitted, and the active energy ray may be irradiated from the light source 24d after printing a plurality of colors. Thereby, energy saving and cost reduction can be achieved.
The recorded matter recorded by the ink of the present invention is not only printed on a smooth surface such as ordinary paper or resin film, but also printed on a surface to be printed having irregularities, such as metal or ceramic. It includes those printed on the printing surface made of various materials. In addition, by stacking two-dimensional images, it is possible to form a three-dimensional image (a two-dimensional and three-dimensional image) or a three-dimensional object in part.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of another image forming apparatus (three-dimensional stereoscopic image forming apparatus) used in the present invention. The image forming apparatus 39 shown in FIG. 2 uses a head unit (movable in the AB direction) in which inkjet heads are arranged to transfer the first active energy ray-curable composition from the shaped article ejection head unit 30 to the support. A second active energy ray-curable composition having a composition different from that of the first active energy ray-curable composition is discharged from the discharge head units 31 and 32, and these respective compositions are discharged by the adjacent ultraviolet irradiation means 33 and 34. It is laminated while curing. More specifically, for example, the second active energy ray-curable composition is ejected from the support ejection head units 31 and 32 on the model support substrate 37 and solidified by irradiation with active energy rays. After forming the first support layer having the reservoir, the first active energy ray-curable composition is discharged from the molded article ejection head unit 30 to the reservoir and irradiated with active energy rays to solidify. Then, the process of forming the first modeled object layer is repeated a plurality of times while lowering the movable stage 38 in the vertical direction in accordance with the number of times of stacking, whereby the support layer and the modeled object layer are stacked to form the three-dimensional modeled object 35. Is produced. Thereafter, the support laminate 36 is removed as necessary. In FIG. 2, only one shaped article discharge head unit 30 is provided, but two or more shaped article discharge head units 30 may be provided.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
In addition, spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) and spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) obtained by the solid echo method in pulse NMR analysis using the active energy ray-curable compositions obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples. The fluctuation rate (%) and the glass transition temperature were determined as follows.

<How to determine the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) of a cured product>
The spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) was determined using a solid echo method in pulse NMR analysis.

(1) Measurement method The obtained active energy ray-curable composition is averaged to 10 μm on a slide glass (manufactured by Artec Co., Ltd., 008534, 26 × 76 mm, thickness 1 mm to 1.2 mm) with a wire bar coater. It applied so that it might become. Immediately after the application, UV light was irradiated at a illuminance of 1.5 W / cm ² and a light amount of 200 mJ / cm ² with a UV irradiator LH6 manufactured by Fusion Systems Japan Co., Ltd. to obtain a cured product. The cured product obtained using a spatula was peeled off, 20 mg of which was weighed into an NMR tube having a diameter of 10 mm, and warmed for 15 minutes with a preheater adjusted to 40 ° C. and used for measurement. For the second and third measurements, the sample used for the first measurement was used as it was. After the first measurement, the sample was not returned to the preheater, and was left in the pulse NMR apparatus (manufactured by Bruker, Minispec mq series) for the remaining two measurements.
As a measuring method of the average thickness, it was measured using an electronic micrometer (manufactured by Anritsu Co., Ltd.) and obtained from an average value of 10 film thicknesses.

(2) Measurement conditions Solid echo method (b-solid method)
・ First 90 ° Pulse Separation: 0.02msec
・ Final Pulse Separation: 0.20msec
・ Number of Data Point for Fitting: 20 points
・ Cumulated number: 32times
・ Temperature: 40 ℃

(3) Calculation Method of Spin-Spin Relaxation Time (T ₂ ) Spin-spin relaxation time is calculated by using ORIGIN 8.5 (manufactured by OriginLab) from an attenuation curve obtained by the solid echo method of the pulse NMR measurement. can do. The relaxation time can be obtained by mono-exponential approximation for each of the three measurement results, and the spin-spin relaxation time calculated from the first measurement is T _{2 (1)} , and the spin calculated from the second measurement is − The spin relaxation time is T _{2 (2)} , and the spin-spin relaxation time calculated from the third measurement is T _{2 (3)} . The spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) is an average value of T _{2 (1) to} T _{2 (3)} , and was determined from the following formula (2).
(In the formula (2), T _{2 (1)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the first measurement, T _{2 (2)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the second measurement, and T _{2 (3)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the third measurement)

<< How to obtain the rate of change of T ₂ of the spin-spin relaxation time >>
As the variation rate of T ₂ of the spin-spin relaxation time, the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ), (T _{2 (1)} ), (T _{2 (2)} ), and (T ₂ ) obtained by the above measurement are used. ₍₃₎ ) was obtained from the following formula (1).
(However, the formula (1), the spin - spin relaxation time T ₂ are spin when measured 3 times represented by the following formula (2) - represents the average value of the spin relaxation time, T 2 ₍₁₎ is The spin-spin relaxation time in the first measurement is represented, T _{2 (2)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the second measurement, and T _{2 (3)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the third measurement. )

<Method of obtaining spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) of resin>
Wherein - the "spin of the cured product of obtaining the spin relaxation time (T _2)", a cured product except that the resin, - in the same manner as "spin of the cured product of obtaining the spin relaxation time (T ₂₎ ' Thus, the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) of the resin was determined.

<Glass transition temperature>
The glass transition temperature was measured under the following conditions using a temperature modulation DSC.
As a sample, an active energy ray-curable composition having an average thickness of 10 μm was applied to a slide glass substrate and irradiated with active energy rays at the following dose to form a cured film. The cured film was used as a sample.
As a measuring method of the average thickness, the thickness was measured using an electronic micrometer (manufactured by Anritsu Co., Ltd.), and the average value of 10 thicknesses was obtained.
-Equipment and conditions-
(1) Equipment used: Temperature modulation DSC (Q200 type manufactured by TA Instruments)
(2) Measurement method (conditions)
First, about 5.0 mg of a sample (cured film) is placed in an aluminum sample container, and the sample container is placed on a holder unit and set in an electric furnace. Next, a DSC curve was obtained by heating from −20 ° C. to 150 ° C. with a temperature increase rate of 1 ° C./min and a modulation period of 0.159 ° C./60 seconds in a nitrogen atmosphere. From the obtained DSC curve, an analysis program (TA Universal Analysis) was used to select a DSC curve at the first temperature rise, and a glass transition temperature was obtained using a program for obtaining an inflection point.
(3) Sample preparation conditions ・ Sample film thickness: 10 μm (film thickness control with wire bar)
Base substrate: slide glass (trade name: S2226, manufactured by Matsunami Glass Industrial Co., Ltd.)
UV irradiation conditions: UV irradiation machine (trade name: LH6, manufactured by Fusion Systems Japan Co., Ltd.)
Active energy ray: ultraviolet ray Irradiation amount: 1,500 mJ / cm ²

<Resin synthesis>
-Synthesis of Resin 1-
200 parts by mass of diphenyl carbonate and 200 parts by mass of 1,6-hexanediol were placed in a flask equipped with a hempel fractionation tube, a thermometer, and a nitrogen introduction tube. Under a nitrogen gas atmosphere, the inside of the flask was adjusted to 200 ° C. and the degree of vacuum to 200 torr, and refluxed for 1 hour. Next, after increasing the degree of vacuum to 100 torr, heating was continued for 1 hour. Further, the degree of vacuum was raised to 5 torr, and 1,6-hexanediol was extracted to obtain a polycarbonate polyol. Next, after adding 35 parts by mass of isophorone diisocyanate to a mixture of 150 parts by mass of polycarbonate polyol and 2 parts by mass of 1,3-butanediol and reacting at 120 ° C. for 8 hours, 12 parts by mass of isophoronediamine is added. The solution was gradually added dropwise to obtain [Resin 1]. The glass transition temperature was 150.1 ° C., and the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) was 0.019 milliseconds. When the obtained [Resin 1] was subjected to a structural analysis using a pyrolysis-gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (Py-GCMS) method under the following analysis conditions, it may not have an ethylenically unsaturated double bond. It could be confirmed.
-Analysis conditions-
・ Apparatus: QP2010 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation
: Frontier Laboratories MJT-2020D
-Thermal decomposition temperature: 350 ° C
Column: Ultra ALLOY-5, L = 30 m, I.V. D = 0.25mm, Film = 0.25um
Column temperature: 40 ° C. (holding time: 2 minutes) to 80 ° C. (temperature rising 5 ° C./minute) to 320 ° C. (holding time: 7 minutes)
-Split ratio: 1: 100
-Column flow rate: 1.01 mL / min-Ionization method: EI method (70 eV)
・ Measurement mode: Scan mode

-Synthesis of Resin 2-
200 parts by mass of diphenyl carbonate and 200 parts by mass of 1,6-hexanediol were placed in a flask equipped with a hempel fractionation tube, a thermometer, and a nitrogen introduction tube. Under a nitrogen gas atmosphere, the inside of the flask was adjusted to 100 ° C. and the degree of vacuum to 200 torr, and refluxed for 30 minutes. Next, after raising the degree of vacuum to 100 torr, heating was continued for 30 minutes. Further, the degree of vacuum was raised to 5 torr, and 1,6-hexanediol was extracted to obtain a polycarbonate polyol. Next, after adding 35 parts by mass of isophorone diisocyanate to a mixture of 150 parts by mass of polycarbonate polyol and 2 parts by mass of 1,3-butanediol and reacting at room temperature for 2 hours, 12 parts by mass of isophoronediamine are gradually added. Was added dropwise to obtain [Resin 2]. The glass transition temperature was 100.9 ° C., and the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) was 0.032 milliseconds. When the obtained [Resin 2] was subjected to a structural analysis in the same manner as the structural analysis of [Resin 1], it was confirmed that the resin [2] did not have an ethylenically unsaturated double bond.

-Synthesis of Resin 3-
200 parts by mass of diphenyl carbonate and 200 parts by mass of 1,6-hexanediol were placed in a flask equipped with a hempel fractionation tube, a thermometer, and a nitrogen introduction tube. Under a nitrogen gas atmosphere, the inside of the flask was adjusted to 150 ° C. and the degree of vacuum of 200 torr, and refluxed for 30 minutes. Next, after raising the degree of vacuum to 100 torr, heating was continued for 30 minutes. Further, the degree of vacuum was raised to 5 torr, and 1,6-hexanediol was extracted to obtain a polycarbonate polyol. Next, after adding 35 parts by mass of isophorone diisocyanate to a mixture of 150 parts by mass of polycarbonate polyol and 2 parts by mass of 1,3-butanediol and reacting at room temperature for 2 hours, 12 parts by mass of isophoronediamine are gradually added. Was added dropwise to obtain [Resin 3]. The glass transition temperature was 104.4 ° C., and the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) was 0.031 milliseconds. The obtained [Resin 3] was subjected to a structural analysis in the same manner as the structural analysis of [Resin 1], and it was confirmed that it did not have an ethylenically unsaturated double bond.

-Synthesis of Resin 4-
200 parts by mass of diphenyl carbonate and 200 parts by mass of 1,6-hexanediol were placed in a flask equipped with a hempel fractionation tube, a thermometer, and a nitrogen introduction tube. Under a nitrogen gas atmosphere, the inside of the flask was adjusted to 150 ° C. and the degree of vacuum was 200 torr, and refluxed for 1 hour. Next, after increasing the degree of vacuum to 100 torr, heating was continued for 1 hour. Further, the degree of vacuum was raised to 5 torr, and 1,6-hexanediol was extracted to obtain a polycarbonate polyol. Next, after adding 35 parts by mass of isophorone diisocyanate to a mixture of 150 parts by mass of polycarbonate polyol and 2 parts by mass of 1,3-butanediol and reacting at room temperature for 2 hours, 12 parts by mass of isophorone diamine was gradually added. The solution was added dropwise to obtain [Resin 4]. The glass transition temperature was 111.1 ° C., and the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) was 0.030 milliseconds. When the obtained [Resin 4] was subjected to a structural analysis in the same manner as the structural analysis of [Resin 1], it was confirmed that it did not have an ethylenically unsaturated double bond.

-Synthesis of Resin 5-
200 parts by mass of diphenyl carbonate and 200 parts by mass of 1,6-hexanediol were placed in a flask equipped with a hempel fractionation tube, a thermometer, and a nitrogen introduction tube. Under a nitrogen gas atmosphere, the inside of the flask was adjusted to 150 ° C. and the degree of vacuum was 200 torr, and refluxed for 1 hour. Next, after increasing the degree of vacuum to 100 torr, heating was continued for 1 hour. Further, the degree of vacuum was raised to 5 torr, and 1,6-hexanediol was extracted to obtain a polycarbonate polyol. Next, after adding 35 parts by mass of isophorone diisocyanate to a mixture of 150 parts by mass of polycarbonate polyol and 2 parts by mass of 1,3-butanediol and reacting at room temperature for 4 hours, 12 parts by mass of isophoronediamine are gradually added. To obtain [Resin 5]. The glass transition temperature was 120.3 ° C., and the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) was 0.025 milliseconds. The obtained [Resin 5] was subjected to a structural analysis in the same manner as the structural analysis of [Resin 1], and it was confirmed that it did not have an ethylenically unsaturated double bond.

-Synthesis of Resin 6-
200 parts by mass of diphenyl carbonate and 200 parts by mass of 1,6-hexanediol were placed in a flask equipped with a hempel fractionation tube, a thermometer, and a nitrogen introduction tube. Under a nitrogen gas atmosphere, the inside of the flask was adjusted to 180 ° C. and a reduced pressure of 200 torr, and refluxed for 1 hour. Next, after increasing the degree of vacuum to 100 torr, heating was continued for 1 hour. Further, the degree of vacuum was raised to 5 torr, and 1,6-hexanediol was extracted to obtain a polycarbonate polyol. Next, after adding 35 parts by mass of isophorone diisocyanate to a mixture of 150 parts by mass of polycarbonate polyol and 2 parts by mass of 1,3-butanediol and reacting at room temperature for 6 hours, 12 parts by mass of isophoronediamine are gradually added. To obtain [Resin 6]. The glass transition temperature was 138.6 ° C., and the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) was 0.020 milliseconds. When the obtained [Resin 6] was subjected to a structural analysis in the same manner as the structural analysis of [Resin 1], it was confirmed that it did not have an ethylenically unsaturated double bond.

-Synthesis of Resin 7-
In a reaction vessel equipped with a cooling tube, a stirrer, and a nitrogen introduction tube, 200 parts by mass of sebacic acid, 15 parts by mass of adipic acid, 170 parts by mass of 1,6-hexanediol, and 1 part by mass of tetrabutoxy titanate were added. The reaction was allowed to proceed for 8 hours at 180 ° C. under a nitrogen gas atmosphere while distilling off the water produced. Next, while gradually raising the temperature to 220 ° C., the reaction was carried out for 4 hours while distilling off water produced under a nitrogen stream and 1,6-hexanediol to obtain a crystalline polyester resin.
Subsequently, the obtained crystalline polyester resin was transferred into a reaction vessel equipped with a cooling pipe, a stirrer, and a nitrogen introduction pipe, and 350 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (hereinafter referred to as “MDI”). 30 parts by mass) (which may also be referred to as “sometimes”) was added and reacted at 80 ° C. for 5 hours under a nitrogen stream. Then, ethyl acetate was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain [Resin 7]. The glass transition temperature was 80.3 ° C., and the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) was 0.036 milliseconds. When the obtained [Resin 7] was subjected to a structural analysis in the same manner as the structural analysis of [Resin 1], it was confirmed that it did not have an ethylenically unsaturated double bond.

-Synthesis of Resin 8-
In a reaction vessel in which a stir bar and a thermometer are set, 600 parts by mass of water, 10 parts by mass of sodium salt of ethylene oxide methacrylate adduct sulfate (Eleminol RS-30, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries Ltd.), 10 parts by mass of polylactic acid Parts, 60 parts by mass of styrene, 100 parts by mass of methacrylic acid, 70 parts by mass of butyl acrylate, and 1 part by mass of ammonium persulfate were stirred for 15 minutes at 4,000 rpm and then stirred for 30 minutes at 400 rpm. . Next, the system temperature was raised to 75 ° C. and reacted for 4 hours. Water was distilled off under reduced pressure at 140 ° C. to obtain [Resin 8]. The glass transition temperature was 90.0 ° C., and the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) was 0.034 milliseconds. The obtained [Resin 8] was subjected to a structural analysis in the same manner as the structural analysis of [Resin 1], and it was confirmed that it did not have an ethylenically unsaturated double bond.

Example 1
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 1>
100 parts by mass of tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate (Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.), 5 parts by mass of [Resin 1], 7.5 parts by mass of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (trade name: Irgacure 184, manufactured by BASF), and 2, After stirring 2 parts by mass of 4-diethylthioxanthone (KAYACURE-DETX-S, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) for 1 hour, confirm that there is no residual residue, filter with a membrane filter, and cause coarseness of the head The particles were removed to obtain [Active energy ray-curable composition 1].

(Example 2)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 2>
In Example 1, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 2 of Example 2 was obtained like Example 1 except having changed 5 mass parts of [Resin 1] into 5 mass parts of [Resin 2].

(Example 3)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 3>
In the same manner as in Example 1, except that 5 parts by mass of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide (trade name: LUCIRIN, TPO, manufactured by BASF) was further added. The active energy ray-curable composition 3 of Example 3 was obtained.

Example 4
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 4>
The same procedure as in Example 2 was performed except that 5 parts by mass of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide (trade name: LUCIRIN, TPO, manufactured by BASF) was further added. The active energy ray-curable composition 4 of Example 4 was obtained.

(Example 5)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 5>
The active energy ray-curable composition of Example 5 was the same as Example 3 except that 5 parts by mass of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide was changed to 10 parts by mass in Example 3. Product 5 was obtained.

(Example 6)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 6>
In Example 4, the active energy ray-curable composition of Example 6 was the same as Example 4 except that 5 parts by mass of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide was changed to 10 parts by mass. Product 6 was obtained.

(Example 7)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 7>
In Example 5, the active energy ray-curable composition 7 of Example 7 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 5 parts by mass of [Resin 1] was changed to 5 parts by mass of [Resin 3].

(Example 8)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 8>
In Example 5, the active energy ray-curable composition 8 of Example 8 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 5 parts by mass of [Resin 1] was changed to 5 parts by mass of [Resin 4].

Example 9
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 9>
In Example 5, the active energy ray-curable composition 9 of Example 9 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 5 parts by mass of [Resin 1] was changed to 5 parts by mass of [Resin 5].

(Example 10)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 10>
In Example 5, the active energy ray-curable composition 10 of Example 10 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 5 parts by mass of [Resin 1] was changed to 5 parts by mass of [Resin 6].

(Example 11)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 11>
In Example 8, the active energy ray-curable composition 11 of Example 11 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8, except that 5 parts by mass of carbon black was further added. In addition, as the carbon black, a polymer dispersant (trade name: S32000, manufactured by Nippon Lubrizol Co., Ltd.) with respect to a trade name: carbon black # 10 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) is used in a mass ratio (polymer dispersion). (Agent: carbon black) is contained at a ratio of 3: 1.

(Example 12)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 12>
In Example 1, 5 parts by weight of [Resin 1] was changed to 5 parts by weight of [Resin 7], and 20 parts by weight of 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate (trade name: SR212, manufactured by Sartomer) was further added. In the same manner as in Example 1, an active energy ray-curable composition 12 of Example 12 was obtained.

(Example 13)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 13>
In Example 12, the active energy ray curing of Example 13 was performed in the same manner as Example 12 except that 20 parts by mass of 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate was changed to 1 part by mass of 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate. A mold composition 13 was obtained.

(Example 14)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 14>
The active energy ray-curable composition of Example 14 was the same as Example 12 except that 5 parts by mass of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide was changed to 10 parts by mass in Example 12. Product 14 was obtained.

(Example 15)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 15>
The active energy ray-curable composition of Example 15 was the same as Example 13 except that 5 parts by mass of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide was changed to 10 parts by mass in Example 13. Product 15 was obtained.

(Example 16)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 16>
In Example 14, the active energy ray-curable composition 16 of Example 16 was obtained in the same manner as Example 14 except that 20 parts by mass of 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate was changed to 5 parts by mass.

(Example 17)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 17>
In Example 14, the active energy ray-curable composition 17 of Example 17 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 14 except that 20 parts by mass of 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate was changed to 10 parts by mass.

(Example 18)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 18>
In Example 15, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 18 of Example 18 was obtained like Example 15 except having further added 5 mass parts of carbon black. In addition, as the carbon black, a polymer dispersant (trade name: S32000, manufactured by Nippon Lubrizol Co., Ltd.) with respect to a trade name: carbon black # 10 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) is used in a mass ratio (polymer dispersion). (Agent: carbon black) is contained at a ratio of 3: 1.

(Example 19)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 19>
In Example 3, 5 parts by mass of [Resin 1] was changed to 5 parts by mass of [Resin 8], 5 parts by mass of 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate, and a polyester-based urethane acrylate oligomer (trade name: Purple light UV-3010B). , Manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) An active energy ray-curable composition 19 of Example 18 was obtained in the same manner as Example 3 except that 1 part by mass was added.

(Example 20)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 20>
In Example 19, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 20 of Example 20 was obtained like Example 19 except having changed 1 mass part of polyester-type urethane acrylate oligomer into 10 mass parts.

(Example 21)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 21>
The active energy ray-curable composition of Example 21 was the same as Example 19 except that 5 parts by mass of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide was changed to 10 parts by mass in Example 19. Product 21 was obtained.

(Example 22)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 22>
The active energy ray-curable composition of Example 22 was the same as Example 20 except that 5 parts by mass of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide was changed to 10 parts by mass in Example 20. Product 22 was obtained.

(Example 23)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 23>
In Example 21, the active energy ray-curable composition 23 of Example 23 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 21, except that 1 part by mass of the polyester-based urethane acrylate oligomer was changed to 3 parts by mass.

(Example 24)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 24>
In Example 21, the active energy ray-curable composition 24 of Example 24 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 21 except that 1 part by mass of the polyester urethane acrylate oligomer was changed to 8 parts by mass.

(Example 25)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 25>
In Example 24, the active energy ray-curable composition 25 of Example 25 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 24 except that 5 parts by mass of carbon black was further added. In addition, as the carbon black, a polymer dispersant (trade name: S32000, manufactured by Nippon Lubrizol Co., Ltd.) with respect to a trade name: carbon black # 10 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) is used in a mass ratio (polymer dispersion). (Agent: carbon black) is contained at a ratio of 3: 1.

(Example 26)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 26>
In Example 1, the active energy ray-curable type of Example 26 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 25 parts by mass of 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate (trade name: SR212, manufactured by Sartomer) was further added. Composition 26 was obtained.

(Example 27)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 27>
In Example 22, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 27 of Example 27 was obtained like Example 22 except having changed 10 mass parts of polyester-type urethane acrylate oligomer into 15 mass parts.

(Example 28)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 28>
In Example 15, the active energy ray-curable composition 28 of Example 28 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 15 except that 5 parts by mass of [Resin 7] was changed to 3 parts by mass.

(Comparative Example 1)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 29>
In Example 1, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 29 of the comparative example 1 was obtained like Example 1 except not having blended [resin 1].

(Comparative Example 2)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 30>
In Example 1, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 30 of the comparative example 2 was obtained like Example 1 except having changed 5 mass parts of [resin 1] into 10 mass parts.

(Comparative Example 3)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 31>
In Example 2, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 31 of the comparative example 3 was obtained like Example 2 except having changed 5 mass parts of [resin 2] into 2 mass parts.

(Comparative Example 4)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 32>
In Example 5, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 32 of the comparative example 4 was obtained like Example 5 except having changed 5 mass parts of [resin 1] into 10 mass parts.

(Comparative Example 5)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 33>
In Example 6, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 33 of the comparative example 5 was obtained like Example 6 except having changed 5 mass parts of [resin 2] into 2 mass parts.

(Comparative Example 6)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 34>
In Example 11, the active energy ray-curable composition 34 of Comparative Example 6 was obtained in the same manner as Example 11 except that [Resin 4] was not blended.

(Comparative Example 7)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 35>
In Example 12, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 35 of the comparative example 7 was obtained like Example 12 except having changed 20 mass parts of 1, 3- butylene glycol diacrylate into 25 mass parts.

(Comparative Example 8)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 36>
In Example 12, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 36 of the comparative example 8 was obtained like Example 12 except not having mix | blended 1, 3- butylene glycol diacrylate.

(Comparative Example 9)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 37>
In Example 14, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 37 of the comparative example 9 was obtained like Example 14 except having changed 20 mass parts of 1, 3- butylene glycol diacrylate into 25 mass parts.

(Comparative Example 10)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 38>
In Example 14, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 38 of the comparative example 10 was obtained like Example 14 except not having mix | blended 1, 3- butylene glycol diacrylate.

(Comparative Example 11)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 39>
In Example 19, an active energy ray-curable composition 39 of Comparative Example 11 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 19 except that [Resin 8] was not blended.

(Comparative Example 12)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 40>
In Example 19, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 40 of the comparative example 12 was obtained like Example 19 except not having mix | blended the polyester-type urethane acrylate oligomer.

(Comparative Example 13)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 41>
In Example 19, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 41 of the comparative example 13 was obtained similarly to Example 19 except having changed 1 mass part of polyester-type urethane acrylate oligomer into 20 mass parts.

(Comparative Example 14)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 42>
In Example 21, the active energy ray-curable composition 42 of Comparative Example 14 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 21 except that the polyester-based urethane acrylate oligomer was not blended.

(Comparative Example 15)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 43>
In Example 21, the active energy ray-curable composition 43 of Comparative Example 15 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 21, except that 1 part by mass of the polyester-based urethane acrylate oligomer was changed to 20 parts by mass.

(Comparative Example 16)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 44>
In Example 20, the active energy ray hardening-type composition 44 of the comparative example 16 was obtained like Example 20 except having further added 5 mass parts of carbon black. In addition, as the carbon black, a polymer dispersant (trade name: S32000, manufactured by Nippon Lubrizol Co., Ltd.) with respect to a trade name: carbon black # 10 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) is used in a mass ratio (polymer dispersion). (Agent: carbon black) is contained at a ratio of 3: 1.

(Comparative Example 17)
<Preparation of active energy ray-curable composition 45>
In Example 1, 100 parts by mass of tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 5 parts by mass of [Resin 1] were added to 85 parts by mass of phenoxyethylene acrylate and a crystalline polyester resin (trade name: GA- 443, manufactured by Byron Corporation, glass transition temperature: 14 ° C.) 1.2 parts by mass, 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate (trade name: SR212, manufactured by Sartomer) 5 parts by mass, and polyester-based urethane acrylate oligomer (Product name: Purple light UV-3010B, manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) An active energy ray-curable composition 45 of Comparative Example 17 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10 parts by mass was further added. . The structural analysis of the crystalline polyester resin (trade name: GA-443, manufactured by Byron Co., Ltd.) was carried out in the same manner as the structural analysis of [Resin 1]. Was confirmed.

  The compositions of the prepared active energy ray-curable compositions 1 to 45 of Examples 1 to 28 and Comparative Examples 1 to 17 are shown in Tables 1 to 10.

  About the prepared Examples 1-28 and Comparative Examples 1-17, "stretchability and bendability", "hardness", and "safety" were evaluated as follows. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 11 and 12.

<Extendability and bendability>
-Preparation of cured product-
Polycarbonate film (manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics Co., Ltd., trade name: Iupilon 100FE2000 masking, average thickness) so that the average thickness of the active energy ray-curable composition is 10 μm by an inkjet discharge device equipped with a GEN4 head (manufactured by Ricoh Co., Ltd.) : 100 μm). Immediately after the discharge, ultraviolet light was irradiated with a light amount of 1,500 mJ / cm ² by a UV irradiation machine LH6 manufactured by Fusion Systems Japan, and a cured product was obtained. The obtained cured product was used for the following “stretching treatment” and “bending treatment”.
As a measuring method of the average thickness, it was measured using an electronic micrometer (manufactured by Anritsu Co., Ltd.) and obtained from an average value of 10 film thicknesses.

-Stretching test-
The obtained cured product was subjected to a heat stretching test under the following conditions.
・ Tensile testing machine: Autograph AGS-5kNX (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation)
・ Tensile speed: 20 mm / min
・ Temperature: 180 ℃
・ Sample: JIS K6251 Dumbbell shape (No. 6)
-Stretch rate: 100%
The stretch ratio can be expressed by (length after tensile test−length before tensile test) / (length before tensile test) × 100.

-Bending test-
A bending test was performed using the cured product after the stretching treatment.
The short side of the cured product after the stretching treatment was held with both hands, and the plane was bent 90 ° to one side and then 90 ° to the other side. A total of 5 sets of this bending operation were performed. Thereafter, “stretchability and bendability” were evaluated based on the following evaluation criteria.
--Evaluation of stretchability and bendability--
◎: No breakage due to stretching treatment and no crack after bending treatment ○: No fracture due to stretching treatment, but slight crack occurred after folding treatment △: No fracture due to stretching treatment, but severe after bending treatment No crack occurred ×: Fracture occurred at the time of stretching treatment

<Hardness>
-Preparation of cured product-
The active energy ray-curable composition was applied onto a slide glass (manufactured by Artec Co., Ltd., 008534, 26 mm × 76 mm, average thickness 1 mm to 1.2 mm) so that the average thickness was 10 μm. Immediately after the coating, ultraviolet light was irradiated under the conditions of an illuminance of 1.5 W / cm ² and an irradiation amount of 200 mJ / cm ² by a UV irradiator LH6 manufactured by Fusion Systems Japan Co., Ltd. to obtain a cured product. The resulting cured product was subjected to the following “scratch hardness test” and “indentation hardness test”.
As a method for measuring the average thickness, the thickness was measured using an electronic micrometer (manufactured by Anritsu Co., Ltd.), and the average thickness was determined from the average value of 10 points.

−Scratch hardness test−
According to JIS K5600-5-4 scratch hardness (pencil method), the obtained cured product was subjected to a scratch hardness test, and "scratch hardness" was evaluated based on the following evaluation criteria.
-Evaluation criteria-
2 points: Pencil hardness is HB or more 1 point: Pencil hardness is B or 2B
0 points: pencil hardness of 3B or less

-Indentation hardness test-
Using a micro Vickers hardness measurement device (trade name: HM-200 System C, manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation), the indenter was pushed into the cured product under the following conditions, and the indentation at this time was based on the following evaluation criteria, “Indentation hardness” was evaluated.
--Condition--
-Equipment: Akashi Co., Ltd.-MVK-G1 type-Indenter: Diamond regular pyramid with a face angle of 136 °-Load: 10 g
Load holding time: 1 second-Evaluation criteria-
2 points: No indentation trace 1 point: Indentation trace can be confirmed, but has not reached the substrate slide glass 0 point: Indentation trace has reached the substrate slide glass

Based on the following evaluation criteria, the “hardness” was evaluated using the total of the evaluation points obtained in the “scratch hardness test” and the “indentation hardness test”.
◎: Total is 4 points ○: Total is 3 points △: Total is 2 points ×: Total is 1 point or less

<Safety>
<< Odor and skin sensitization >>
A cured product (sample) is produced under the same conditions as the cured product used for the hardness evaluation, and immediately after production, an odor sensor is used to measure odor under the following evaluation conditions. Based on the following evaluation criteria, The presence or absence of odor was evaluated.
Moreover, the skin sensitization test by the LLNA method was conducted, and “skin sensitization” was evaluated based on the following evaluation criteria. The skin sensitization test LLNA method is a skin sensitization test defined in the OECD test guideline 429. For example, “Functional Materials” September 2005, Vol. 25, no. 9. As shown in p55, when the Stimulation Index (hereinafter also referred to as “SI value”) indicating the degree of skin sensitization is less than 3, it is judged that there is no problem with skin sensitization. It is.
-Evaluation conditions for presence or absence of odor-
・ Device: odor sensor XP-329IIIR (manufactured by New Cosmos Electric Co., Ltd.)
・ Measurement time: 1 minute ・ Measurement position: 10 mm from the sample
-Evaluation criteria for presence or absence of odor-
◎: Smell level value is less than 200 ○: Smell level value is 200 or more and less than 400 Δ: Smell level value is 400 or more and less than 600 ×: Smell level value is 600 or more-Evaluation criteria for skin sensitization-
◎: SI value is less than 1 ○: SI value is 1 or more and less than 2 △: SI value is 2 or more and less than 3 ×: SI value is 3 or more

In all Examples, the skin sensitization had an SI value of less than 3, an odor level value of less than 600, and no odor.

As an aspect of this invention, it is as follows, for example.
<1> An active energy ray-curable composition containing a resin and a monofunctional monomer having one ethylenically unsaturated double bond,
An average thickness obtained by irradiating and curing an active energy ray having an illuminance of 1.5 W / cm ² and an irradiation amount of 200 mJ / cm ² on the substrate using the active energy ray-curable composition. A spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) obtained by a solid echo method in pulse NMR analysis of a cured product having a thickness of 10 μm at 40 ° C. is 0.010 milliseconds or more and 0.032 milliseconds or less. It is an active energy ray-curable composition.
<2> The active energy ray-curable type according to <1>, wherein the variation rate of the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) when measured repeatedly three times represented by the following formula (1) is 15% or less: It is a composition.
(However, the formula (1), the spin - spin relaxation time T ₂ are spin when measured 3 times represented by the following formula (2) - represents the average value of the spin relaxation time, T 2 ₍₁₎ is The spin-spin relaxation time in the first measurement is represented, T _{2 (2)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the second measurement, and T _{2 (3)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the third measurement. )
(In the formula (2), T _{2 (1)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the first measurement, T _{2 (2)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the second measurement, and T _{2 (3)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the third measurement)
<3> The spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) obtained by a solid echo method in pulse NMR analysis of a resin at 40 ° C. is 0.040 milliseconds or less, and any one of <1> to <2> It is an active energy ray hardening-type composition of description.
<4> containing a polyfunctional monomer having two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds,
The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <3>, wherein a content of the polyfunctional monomer having two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds is 15% by mass or less. .
<5> containing an oligomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond,
The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <4>, wherein the content of the oligomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond is 10% by mass or less.
<6> The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein the resin content is 3% by mass or more.
<7> A cured product having an average thickness of 10 μm, which is cured by irradiating an active energy ray having an irradiation amount of 1,500 mJ / cm ² on a polycarbonate substrate using the active energy ray-curable composition. The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <6>, wherein the stretching ratio obtained by the formula is 100% or more.
Stretch rate = (length after tensile test−length before tensile test) × 100 / (length before tensile test)
(However, the length before and after the tensile test is a value measured using a tensile tester under the conditions of a tensile speed of 20 mm / min and a temperature of 180 ° C.)
<8> The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <7>, wherein the glass transition temperature of the resin is 10.0 ° C. or higher.
<9> The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <8>, which is a three-dimensional modeling material.
<10> The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <9>, wherein the spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) is 0.017 milliseconds or more and 0.030 milliseconds or less. is there.
<11> The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <10>, wherein a variation rate of a spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) is 6% or less.
<12> The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <11>, wherein the monofunctional monomer having one ethylenically unsaturated double bond is tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate.
<13> The above <1> to <12>, wherein the oligomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond is at least one selected from an aromatic urethane oligomer, an aliphatic urethane oligomer, an epoxy acrylate oligomer, and a polyester acrylate oligomer. The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of the above.
<14> An active energy ray-curable ink comprising the active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <13>.
<15> The active energy ray-curable ink according to <14>, which is for inkjet.
<16> A method for forming a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image, comprising an irradiation step of irradiating the active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <13> with an active energy ray. It is.
<17> The method for forming a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image according to <16>, further including a discharge step of discharging the active energy ray-curable composition by an inkjet recording method.
<18> A composition storage container, wherein the active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <13> is stored in a container.
<19> An accommodating portion for accommodating the active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <13>,
An irradiation means for irradiating the active energy ray-curable composition with active energy rays;
Is a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image forming apparatus.
<20> The two-dimensional or three-dimensional image forming apparatus according to <19>, further including discharge means for discharging the active energy ray-curable composition by an inkjet recording method.
It is.
<21> A two-dimensional or three-dimensional image obtained by irradiating and curing the active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <13>.
<22> A molded product obtained by stretching the two-dimensional or three-dimensional image according to <21>.
<23> Using the active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of <1> to <13>,
The three-dimensional structure is characterized in that the average thickness is 10 μm or more.

The active energy ray curable composition according to any one of <1> to <13>, the active energy ray curable ink according to any one of <14> to <15>, and the <16> to <17. > The two-dimensional or three-dimensional image forming method according to any one of <1> to <20>, and the two-dimensional or three-dimensional image forming apparatus according to any one of <19> to <20> To solve the above and achieve the following objectives. That is, the active energy ray-curable composition, the active energy ray-curable ink, the two-dimensional or three-dimensional image forming method, and the two-dimensional or three-dimensional image forming apparatus use the active energy ray-curable composition. Active energy ray curable composition, active energy ray curable ink, two-dimensional or three-dimensional image forming method capable of achieving both hardness and stretchability and bendability in a cured product (coating film or laminate thereof) And a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image forming apparatus.
The composition storage container described in <18> is to solve the conventional problems and achieve the following object. That is, the composition container is an active energy ray-curable composition that can achieve both hardness, stretchability, and bendability in a cured product (coating film or laminate thereof) using the active energy ray-curable composition. It aims at providing the composition storage container accommodated.
The two-dimensional or three-dimensional image described in the above <21>, the molded product described in the above <22>, and the three-dimensional modeled object described in the above <23> solve the conventional problems, and The objective is to achieve the objective. That is, a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image, a three-dimensional modeled object, and a molded article are a two-dimensional or three-dimensional product obtained by curing an active energy ray-curable composition that can achieve both hardness, stretchability, and bendability. An object is to provide an image, a three-dimensional model, and a molded product.

Japanese Patent No. 5474882 JP 2012-007007 A

  39 Image forming apparatus

Claims (17)

An active energy ray-curable composition containing a resin and a monofunctional monomer having one ethylenically unsaturated double bond,
An average thickness obtained by irradiating and curing an active energy ray having an illuminance of 1.5 W / cm ² and an irradiation amount of 200 mJ / cm ² on the substrate using the active energy ray-curable composition. spin but obtained by the solid-echo method in the pulsed NMR analysis at 40 ° C. of a cured product of 10 [mu] m - spin relaxation time _{(T 2)} is state, and are 0.032 milliseconds less than 0.010 milliseconds,
An active energy ray-curable composition having a variation rate of spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) of 15% or less when measured repeatedly three times represented by the following formula (1) .
(However, the formula (1), the spin - spin relaxation time T ₂ are spin when measured 3 times represented by the following formula (2) - represents the average value of the spin relaxation time, T 2 ₍₁₎ is The spin-spin relaxation time in the first measurement is represented, T _{2 (2)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the second measurement, and T _{2 (3)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the third measurement. )
(In the formula (2), T _{2 (1)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the first measurement, T _{2 (2)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the second measurement, and T _{2 (3)} represents the spin-spin relaxation time in the third measurement) Spin-spin relaxation time (T) obtained by solid echo method in pulse NMR analysis of resin at 40 ° C ₂ ) Is 0.040 milliseconds or less, The active energy ray-curable composition according to claim 1. Containing a polyfunctional monomer having two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds,
3. The active energy ray-curable composition according to claim 1, wherein a content of the polyfunctional monomer having two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds is 15% by mass or less. Containing an oligomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond,
The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the content of the oligomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond is 10% by mass or less. The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the resin content is 3% by mass or more. Using an active energy ray-curable composition, the irradiation amount is 1,500 mJ / cm on a polycarbonate substrate. ² The active energy ray-curable type according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cured product having an average thickness of 10 µm, which is cured by irradiation with an active energy ray, has a stretching ratio determined by the following formula of 100% or more. Composition.
Stretch rate = (length after tensile test−length before tensile test) × 100 / (length before tensile test)
(However, the length before and after the tensile test is a value measured using a tensile tester under the conditions of a tensile speed of 20 mm / min and a temperature of 180 ° C.) Spin-spin relaxation time (T ₂ ) Is 0.017 milliseconds or more and 0.030 milliseconds or less, The active energy ray hardening-type composition in any one of Claim 1 to 6. The active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is a three-dimensional modeling material. An active energy ray-curable ink comprising the active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The active energy ray-curable ink according to claim 9, which is used for inkjet. A method for forming a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image, comprising an irradiation step of irradiating the active energy ray-curable composition according to claim 1 with active energy rays. The method for forming a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image according to claim 11, further comprising a discharge step of discharging the active energy ray-curable composition by an ink jet recording method. A composition storage container comprising the active energy ray-curable composition according to claim 1 in a container. An accommodating portion for accommodating the active energy ray-curable composition according to claim 1;
An irradiation means for irradiating the active energy ray-curable composition with active energy rays;
An apparatus for forming a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image, comprising: The two-dimensional or three-dimensional image forming apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising ejection means for ejecting the active energy ray-curable composition by an ink jet recording method. A two-dimensional or three-dimensional image obtained by irradiating and curing the active energy ray-curable composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 with an active energy ray. A molded product obtained by stretching the two-dimensional or three-dimensional image according to claim 16.