JP6577414B2 - Heat exchanger and chemical heat pump having the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchanger and a chemical heat pump.

A reversible chemical change of Ca (OH) ₂ +104 kJ / mol = CaO + H ₂ O can occur between calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ) and calcium oxide (CaO). A CaO / Ca (OH) ₂ -based chemical heat pump is known as an apparatus for storing and releasing heat by a cycle using this chemical change. An example of a CaO / Ca (OH) ₂ chemical heat pump is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-182968 (Patent Document 1).

  In Patent Document 1, disk-shaped trays that can be divided into at least two parts on a plane passing through the center are arranged in multiple stages, a heat exchange pipe is passed through a recess formed in the center of the tray, and the outer periphery of the tray is passed through. There is described a chemical heat pump in which a heater is provided in a plurality of formed recesses and the tray is filled with a heat exchange medium.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-182968

  In the structure described in Patent Document 1, since only one heat exchange pipe is arranged at the center, the area of the surface where the heat exchange pipe and the tray are in thermal contact is small, and the amount of heat exchanged is small. Further, between the heat exchange pipe and the tray for storing the heat exchange medium, the contact heat resistance is increased due to distortion or gaps in the metal member, so that the heat exchange efficiency is low.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the heat exchanger and chemical heat pump which can exchange heat efficiently.

  In order to achieve the above object, a heat exchanger according to the present invention is held such that at least a part thereof is exposed by being accommodated in each of the plurality of containers arranged in the vertical direction and the plurality of containers. Each of the plurality of containers has an outer peripheral wall that defines the outermost periphery of the space for accommodating the heat storage material when viewed from above, and the container is capable of heat exchange with the heat storage material. In this way, an inlet, an inner space, and an outlet for flowing a fluid are provided, and at least a part of the inner space is disposed within the thickness of the outer peripheral wall.

  According to the present invention, since the fluid can pass through the internal space arranged inside the outer peripheral wall of the container, heat exchange can be performed efficiently.

It is a conceptual diagram of the chemical heat pump in Embodiment 1 based on this invention. It is a 1st perspective view of the heat exchanger in Embodiment 1 based on this invention. It is a 2nd perspective view of the heat exchanger in Embodiment 1 based on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the container with which the heat exchanger in Embodiment 1 based on this invention is equipped. It is sectional drawing of the state which accommodated the thermal storage material in the container with which the heat exchanger in Embodiment 1 based on this invention is equipped. It is a perspective view of the container with which the heat exchanger in Embodiment 1 based on this invention is equipped. It is the 1st explanatory view of the flow of the fluid in the heat exchanger of Embodiment 1 based on the present invention. It is the 2nd explanatory view of the flow of the fluid in the heat exchanger of Embodiment 1 based on the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the state which accommodated the thermal storage material in the container with which the heat exchanger in Embodiment 2 based on this invention is equipped. It is a perspective view of the heat exchanger in Embodiment 3 based on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the container with which the heat exchanger in Embodiment 3 based on this invention is equipped. It is a perspective view of the container with which the heat exchanger in Embodiment 4 based on this invention is equipped. It is a top view of the container with which the heat exchanger in Embodiment 4 based on this invention is equipped. It is a perspective view of the container with which the heat exchanger in Embodiment 5 based on this invention is equipped. It is a top view of the container with which the heat exchanger in Embodiment 5 based on this invention is equipped.

  The dimensional ratios shown in the drawings do not always faithfully represent the actual ones, and the dimensional ratios may be exaggerated for convenience of explanation. In the following description, when referring to a concept above or below, it does not necessarily mean absolute above or below, but may mean relative above or below in the illustrated posture. .

(Embodiment 1)
(Constitution)
With reference to FIGS. 1-8, the chemical heat pump in Embodiment 1 based on this invention is demonstrated. A chemical heat pump 501 in the present embodiment is conceptually shown in FIG. The chemical heat pump 501 includes a heat exchanger 101, a reaction tank 401 that accommodates the heat exchanger 101, a water tank 402, and a second pipe 403 that can circulate gas between the reaction tank 401 and the water tank 402. With. Details of the heat exchanger 101 will be described later. A pipe 11 is arranged in the water storage tank 402 so as to be guided from the outside of the water storage tank 402. The gas flowing through the second pipe 403 may be water vapor. A valve 404 is provided in the middle of the second pipe 403. A vacuum pump 405 is connected in the middle of the second pipe 403. By operating the vacuum pump 405 with the valve 404 opened, the inside of the reaction tank 401 and the water storage tank 402 can be evacuated. Water 14 is stored in the water storage tank 402. Oil 13 for heat exchange passes through the pipe 11. At least a part of the water 14 may become steam due to the heat given by the oil 13, and if the valve 404 is open at that time, the steam can move to the reaction tank 401 through the second pipe 403. it can. The water vapor reaching the water storage tank 402 from the reaction tank 401 through the second pipe 403 is liquefied by applying heat to the oil 13 in the pipe 11 and stored as water 14 in the water storage tank 402.

  The heat exchanger 101 includes a plurality of containers 2. Each container 2 contains a heat storage material 3. The first pipe 4 is arranged in the reaction tank 401 so as to be guided from the outside of the reaction tank 401. In FIG. 1, the first pipe 4 is schematically shown. The first pipe 4 includes a first portion 41 and a second portion 42.

As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 101 includes a plurality of containers 2 arranged in the vertical direction, and a heat storage material that is held in each of the plurality of containers 2 so as to be exposed at least partially. 3. The container 2 may be a tray. The heat storage material 3 stored in the container 2 may be CaO or Ca (OH) ₂ . The heat storage material 3 may be powdered or granular. In each container 2, the upper side of the heat storage material 3 is open.

  The perspective view which took out the heat exchanger 101 independently is shown in FIG. The container 2 may be a tray that is square when viewed from above. In FIG. 2, for convenience of explanation, the heat storage material 3 in the container 2 is not shown, and the container 2 is displayed as being empty. 3 is housed.

  Each of the plurality of containers 2 has an outer peripheral wall 5 that defines the outermost periphery of the space 8 that accommodates the heat storage material 3 when viewed from above. The container 2 may include first fins 7. The first fin 7 is connected to the outer peripheral wall 5. The space 8 may be divided into a plurality of small spaces by the first fin 7.

  The heat exchanger 101 includes a support plate 15. The support plate 15 is attached so as to come into contact with the plurality of containers 2 collectively from one side. The support plate 15 is attached so as to abut against all the containers 2 belonging to the heat exchanger 101 in order to support each of the plurality of containers 2 and to make the heat distribution between the containers 2 uniform. It may be. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat exchanger 101 may include legs 16. The legs 16 are for stabilizing the posture of the heat exchanger 101. The leg 16 may be formed of the same member as the first pipe 4. The perspective view which looked at the heat exchanger 101 from the different direction is shown in FIG.

  In the example shown here, the plurality of containers 2 included in the assembly 1 are arranged in the vertical direction while being spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction. However, it is essential that the plurality of containers 2 are spaced from each other. Absent. The assembly 1 may have a configuration in which, for example, adjacent containers 2 among a plurality of arranged containers 2 are partially in contact with each other.

  FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of one of the plurality of containers 2 provided in the heat exchanger 101. The container 2 includes a bottom plate 18 as a plate that defines the lower end of the space 8. The outer peripheral wall 5 has a thickness T. The outer peripheral wall 5 has an internal space 5n. At least a part of the internal space 5n is disposed inside the thickness T of the outer peripheral wall 5. The bottom plate 18, the first fin 7, and the outer peripheral wall 5 are welded to each other. FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view in a state where the heat storage material 3 is accommodated in the container 2. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the upper surface of the heat storage material 3 is higher than the upper end of the first fin 7, but may be lower than the upper end of the first fin 7 and the same height as the upper end of the first fin 7. It may be.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the container 2 has an inlet 2 a and an outlet 2 b for flowing a fluid 12 so that heat exchange with the heat storage material 3 is possible. The fluid 12 can pass through the internal space 5 n of the outer peripheral wall 5. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the container 2 has an inlet 2 a on the upper surface of the outer peripheral wall 5. The container 2 has an outlet 2 b on the lower surface of the outer peripheral wall 5. The internal space 5n may be annular, but may not be annular. The outer peripheral wall 5 may have a wall 19 inside. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the inlet 2a and the outlet 2b are close to each other, but the wall 19 separates the inlet 2a and the outlet 2b. By being partitioned by the wall 19, the internal space 5n has a non-circular structure. The fluid 12 that has flowed into the outer peripheral wall 5 from the inlet 2a cannot pass through the wall 19, passes through the outer peripheral wall 5 to bypass, and then exits the outer peripheral wall 5 through the outlet 2b. be able to.

  FIG. 7 shows the flow of the fluid 12 indicated by arrows with a focus on a part of the heat exchanger 101. The fluid 12 is guided to the outer peripheral wall 5 of the uppermost container 2 by the first portion 41 of the first pipe 4. The fluid 12 makes one round along the outer peripheral wall 5 in the uppermost container 2, and then is guided to the outer peripheral wall 5 of the second container 2 from the top through the connection portion 17. The fluid 12 makes one round in the opposite direction to the previous direction in the container 2, and then is guided to the outer peripheral wall 5 of the third container 2 from the top through the connection portion 17.

  FIG. 8 shows a part of the heat exchanger 101 viewed from a direction different from that in FIG. After the fluid 12 finishes flowing in the outer peripheral wall 5 of one container 2, the fluid 12 moves to the outer peripheral wall 5 of the next lower container 2 and flows in the outer peripheral wall 5 of the container 2. This is repeated. The fluid 12 makes one round along the outer peripheral wall 5 in the lowermost container 2, and then is discharged from the heat exchanger 101 through the second portion 42.

(Action / Effect)
In the present embodiment, the fluid 12 can pass through the internal space 15n disposed inside the outer peripheral wall 5 of the container 2. This is equivalent to that at least a part of the pipe for heat exchange is provided as the outer peripheral wall 5 of the container 2. Therefore, heat exchange can be performed efficiently in heat exchanger 101 in the present embodiment.

(Embodiment 2)
(Constitution)
With reference to FIG. 9, the heat exchanger in Embodiment 2 based on this invention is demonstrated. The configuration of the heat exchanger in the present embodiment is the same as that of the heat exchanger 101 described in the first embodiment, but the configuration of the container is different as follows. The heat exchanger in the present embodiment includes a container 2h instead of the container 2. Similarly to the heat exchanger 101 according to the first embodiment including the plurality of containers 2, the heat exchanger according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of containers 2h arranged in the vertical direction. FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of the state in which the heat storage material 3 is accommodated in the container 2h. In the container 2h, the bottom plate has a double structure. The internal space 5n includes a portion 5na and a portion 5nb.

  Each of the plurality of containers 2h includes an inner bottom plate 18a that contacts the heat storage material 3 and supports the heat storage material 3 from below, and an outer bottom plate 18b that is spaced apart from the inner bottom plate 18a and positioned below the inner bottom plate 18a. The portion 5na, which is a part of the internal space 5n, is disposed between the inner bottom plate 18a and the outer bottom plate 18b. The part 5na is located on the lower side with respect to the heat storage material 3, and the part 5nb is located on the side with respect to the heat storage material 3. The fluid 12 can flow inside either the portion 5na or the portion 5nb.

(Action / Effect)
In the present embodiment, since the bottom plate of the container 2h has a double structure, the fluid 12 can also flow between the inner bottom plate 18a and the outer bottom plate 18b. In addition to exchanging heat from the side of 5, it is also possible to exchange heat from below. Therefore, heat exchange can be performed efficiently.

(Embodiment 3)
(Constitution)
With reference to FIGS. 10-11, the heat exchanger in Embodiment 3 based on this invention is demonstrated. In the first and second embodiments, the container included in the heat exchanger has a configuration including an outer peripheral wall that is square when viewed from above, but in this embodiment, the shape of the outer peripheral wall is Different. The heat exchanger 102 in the present embodiment includes a container 2i as shown in FIG. In the container 2i, the outer peripheral wall 5 has a square shape with rounded corners when viewed from above. In FIG. 10, for convenience of explanation, the heat storage material 3 in the container 2i is not shown, and the container 2i is displayed as empty, but actually, the heat storage material is in each container 2i. 3 is housed. A cross-sectional view of the container 2i is shown in FIG. In the container 2 of the first and second embodiments, the outer peripheral wall 5 has a rectangular cross section, but in the container 2i in the present embodiment, the outer peripheral wall 5 has a substantially circular cross section. The inside of the cross section of the outer peripheral wall 5 is an internal space 5n. The fluid 12 can pass through the internal space 5n.

(Action / Effect)
In the present embodiment, since at least a part of the piping for heat exchange is the outer peripheral wall 5 of the container 2i, heat exchange can be performed efficiently. Since the cross section of the inner space 5n of the outer peripheral wall 5 is circular, it is possible to reduce the resistance when the fluid 12 for heat exchange flows. Therefore, the flow rate of the heat exchange medium can be set large.

(Embodiment 4)
(Constitution)
With reference to FIGS. 12-13, the heat exchanger in Embodiment 4 based on this invention is demonstrated. This heat exchanger includes a plurality of containers 2j arranged in the vertical direction. A perspective view of the container 2j is shown in FIG. A plan view of the container 2j is shown in FIG.

  As shown in the present embodiment, each of the plurality of containers 2j has a first fin 7 connected to the second part of the outer peripheral wall from the first part of the outer peripheral wall 5 across the space 8 when viewed from above. Is provided. In the example shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the first fins 7 are provided in a radial shape passing through the center of the container 2 j, but are not limited to such an arrangement. The first fin 7 does not necessarily pass through the center of the container 2j.

(Action / Effect)
In the present embodiment, heat exchange can be performed even between the first fins 7 and the heat storage material 3, so that the efficiency of heat exchange can be increased. The dimension of the first fin 7 in the vertical direction may be a size that completely divides the space 8, but may be smaller than the vertical dimension of the space 8. The heat storage material 3 on both sides of the first fin 7 may be completely divided by the first fin 7. The heat storage materials 3 on both sides of the first fin 7 may be connected both above, below, and above and below the first fin 7.

(Embodiment 5)
(Constitution)
With reference to FIGS. 14-15, the heat exchanger in Embodiment 5 based on this invention is demonstrated. This heat exchanger includes a plurality of containers 2k arranged in the vertical direction. A perspective view of the container 2k is shown in FIG. A plan view of the container 2k is shown in FIG.

  The container 2k has the same configuration as the container 2j shown in the fourth embodiment, but differs in the following points. Each of the plurality of containers 2k includes second fins 9 extending from the outer peripheral wall 5 to the middle of the space 8 when viewed from above. The vertical dimension of the second fin 9 may be the same as that of the first fin 7, and may be larger or smaller than the first fin 7.

(Action / Effect)
In the heat exchanger vessel 2j according to the present embodiment, since the second fin 9 is provided in addition to the first fin 7, the region far from the surrounding first fin 7 and the outer peripheral wall 5 as in the region A. In this case, heat can be efficiently exchanged using the second fins 9.

As in any of the above embodiments, the heat storage material 3 is preferably in the form of powder or granules. The heat storage material 3 preferably contains CaO or Ca (OH) ₂ as a main material.

  Although the chemical heat pump 501 including the heat exchanger 101 is shown in the first embodiment, similarly, the chemical heat pump including the heat exchanger according to another embodiment is also conceivable.

  In the embodiments so far, the heat exchanger has been described as including a plurality of containers arranged in the vertical direction, but the plurality of containers may be in other arrangements. They may be arranged in directions other than the vertical direction. The number of containers provided in the heat exchanger may be one.

In addition, you may employ | adopt combining suitably two or more among the said embodiment.
In addition, the said embodiment disclosed this time is an illustration in all the points, Comprising: It is not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and includes all modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  2, 2 i, 2 j, 2 k container, 2 a inlet, 2 b outlet, 3 heat storage material, 4 first piping, 5 outer peripheral wall, 7 first fin, 8 space (contains heat storage material), 12 fluid, 15 support plate, 16 legs, 17 connecting parts, 18 bottom plate, 18a inner bottom plate, 18b outer bottom plate, 19 walls, 41 first part, 42 second part, 101, 102 heat exchanger, 401 reaction tank, 402 water storage tank, 403 second piping 404 valve, 405 vacuum pump, 501 chemical heat pump.

Claims (7)

A plurality of containers arranged vertically, and
A heat storage material that is held so as to be exposed at least in part by being accommodated in each of the plurality of containers,
Each of the plurality of containers has an outer peripheral wall that defines an outermost periphery of a space that houses the heat storage material when viewed from above,
The container has an inlet for flowing a fluid so as to exchange heat with the heat storage material, an inner space, and an outlet.
At least a part of the internal space is a heat exchanger disposed inside the thickness of the outer peripheral wall.   Each of the plurality of containers includes an inner bottom plate that contacts the heat storage material and supports the heat storage material from below, and an outer bottom plate that is spaced apart from the inner bottom plate and positioned below the inner bottom plate. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a part of the space is disposed between the inner bottom plate and the outer bottom plate.   3. The heat according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of containers includes a first fin that extends from the first portion of the outer peripheral wall to the second portion of the outer peripheral wall across the space when viewed from above. Exchanger.   4. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of containers includes a second fin extending from the outer peripheral wall to the middle of the space when viewed from above.   The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat storage material is powdery or granular. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat storage material contains CaO or Ca (OH) ₂ as a main material. A heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
A reaction vessel containing the heat exchanger;
A water tank,
A chemical heat pump comprising: a second pipe through which a gas can flow between the reaction tank and the water storage tank.

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