JP6527233B2 - 患者カスタムインプラントの製造に適した補助装置を製造する方法 - Google Patents
患者カスタムインプラントの製造に適した補助装置を製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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Description
・様々な生体適合性材料のうちの1つからなってもよい患者カスタムインプラントの製造が可能となり、ネジ穴を有する既製個体マトリクス部分の組み込みを可能にする。
・解剖学的情報が失われたとき、改善された3D CT再建および画像ミラーリング技術が使用可能である。
・インプラントの適応(サイズ、形状、および位置)を促進するように患部用の補助装置を製造するために、3D解剖学的基準データによって(すなわち3D基準モデル、3D平均モデル、または3Dアトラスも出るによって)健側を間接的に、および患部側を直接的に解剖学的に再建する可能性が、提供される。健側と患部側との間のサイズおよび形状の差は、技術的に補完されることが可能である。
・容積、例えば眼窩の容積を減少させる必要がある箇所に、所望の形状および容積の1つ以上のスペーサが適用されることが可能である。
1.顎顔面/頭蓋顔面外科分野:
・眼窩欠損の再建(眼窩底、眼窩底/内壁欠損)
・頭蓋冠欠損(すなわち、頭蓋形成)、頭蓋顔面および顎顔面欠損の再建
2.整形外科的外傷:
・骨欠損、特に皮質骨欠損の復元
・低侵襲手術法との組み合わせ
3.口腔外科分野:歯槽欠損の再建
4.脊椎外科:脊椎の欠損の再建
A1)3D解剖学的基準データを用いた、健康な反対側の自動再建。
A2)再建済みの健康な反対側のミラー撮像。
A3)ミラー撮像された再建済みの健康な反対側と患部側とを互いに重ね合わせ、結果的に仮想的に再建された欠損側を用いた3Dコンピュータモデルを得ることによる、患部側の自動再建。
B1)両側の画定されたランドマークによる健康な反対側の自動再建および偏差の推定。
B2)再建済みの健康な反対側のミラー撮像。
B3)ミラー撮像された再建済みの健康な反対側と患部側とを互いに重ね合わせ、さらに結果的に仮想的に再建された欠損側を用いた3Dコンピュータモデルを得ることによる、患部側の自動復元。
C1)画定されたランドマークによる患部側の自動再建および偏差の推定。
C2)3D解剖学的基準データを用いた患部側の自動再建。
C3)結果的に仮想的に再建された欠損側を用いた3Dコンピュータモデルを得る、患部側の復元。
・設計が承認された場合には、ステップ6)に進む。
・設計が承認されない場合には、代わりの選択肢B1からB3またはC1からC3または選択肢A1からA3、B1からB3、およびC1からC3の組み合わせでステップ3が繰り返される。
コンピュータテンプレート30は:
(i)欠損2をオーバーレイ32で被覆しており;
(ii)陥凹35を備えて設計されており、ここで:
・陥凹35は、眼窩欠損に向けられた表面に位置しており(図3)、
・欠損サイズよりも大きい陥凹35のサイズよりもコンピュータテンプレート30のサイズが大きくなるように、陥凹35は欠損よりも大きく、欠損の形状を包含する。
(iii)非患部に(すなわち、欠損の境界に、および眼窩下縁部に)適合しており、
(iv)保持伸長部31を備えて設計されている。
Claims (15)
- 患者カスタムインプラントの製造に適した補助装置を製造する方法であって、
1)3D画像データ、好ましくは患者の生体構造(1)の欠損部位のCTを取得するステップと、
2)ステップ1で得られた3D画像データおよび3Dジェネリック基準データに基づいて、および画像処理技術を用いて、欠損部位のコンピュータモデルを生成するステップと、
3)欠損部位を仮想的に再建するステップと、
4)ステップ2で生成されたコンピュータモデルを用いてコンピュータテンプレート(30)を生成するステップであって、コンピュータテンプレート(30)は、
(i)欠損部位をオーバーレイ(32)で被覆し、
(ii)欠損部位にわたり、インプラント(50)を成形しサイズ決定するのに適した、陥凹(35)を備える、ステップと、
5)3D印刷を用いてステップ4で生成されたコンピュータテンプレート(30)によって規定された補助装置(40)を製造するステップと、
を備え、
補助装置(40)が、欠損の境界に、およびこの眼窩下縁部のそれぞれの解剖学的形状に適合するように設計されていることを特徴とする、方法。 - コンピュータテンプレート(30)が、欠損部位に向けられた表面上に位置決めされた陥凹(35)を備え、コンピュータテンプレート(30)のサイズが陥凹(35)のサイズよりも大きいことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 陥凹(35)のサイズが欠損の形状を包含するように、欠損部位のサイズよりも大きいことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 3Dジェネリック基準データが3D解剖学アトラスを備えることを特徴とする、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 3Dジェネリック基準データが健康な反対側のミラー撮像によって得られることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 3Dジェネリック基準データが、好ましくは標準偏差情報を有する、3D平均形状モデルを備えることを特徴とする、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 補助装置(40)がコンピュータテンプレート(30)の物理モデルに対応することを特徴とする、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 3D印刷技術が高速試作技術であることを特徴とする、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって得られる補助装置(40)。
- 補助装置(40)が非患部に適合するように設計されていることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の補助装置。
- インプラント(50)のマニュアル移植を容易にする保持伸長部(41)を備えて設計されていることを特徴とする、請求項9または10に記載の補助装置。
- 非患部に適合する周囲突起を有することを特徴とする、請求項9から11のいずれか一項に記載の補助装置。
- 保持伸長部(41)が、インプラントを手作業で位置決めするために標準的な手術器具を使用できるように設計されていることを特徴とする、請求項11または12に記載の補助装置。
- インプラント(50)を成形しサイズ決定するのに適した陥凹(42)を有することを特徴とする、請求項9から13のいずれか一項に記載の補助装置。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって得られた補助装置を用いて患者カスタムインプラントを製造する方法であって、
a)成形可能状態で補助装置(40)の陥凹(42)内に硬化型生体適合性樹脂を導入し、補助装置(40)の陥凹(42)内に一旦適合したら樹脂を光硬化させるステップ、または
b)メッシュチタンインプラントのような標準的インプラント材料を補助装置(40)の陥凹(42)内に圧入するステップ、
を備える方法。
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