JP6526476B2 - Vehicle charging system - Google Patents
Vehicle charging system Download PDFInfo
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- JP6526476B2 JP6526476B2 JP2015098162A JP2015098162A JP6526476B2 JP 6526476 B2 JP6526476 B2 JP 6526476B2 JP 2015098162 A JP2015098162 A JP 2015098162A JP 2015098162 A JP2015098162 A JP 2015098162A JP 6526476 B2 JP6526476 B2 JP 6526476B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
本発明は、走行用電力を供給する二次電池（以下、車載電池という。）を搭載する車両であって、当該車載電池に充電する際に予め充電に関する情報が必要な車両に適用される車両用充電システムに関する。 The present invention is a vehicle equipped with a secondary battery (hereinafter referred to as an on-board battery) for supplying driving power, and is applied to a vehicle requiring information on charging in advance when the on-board battery is charged. The charging system for
例えば、特許文献１に記載の発明では、「仮想契約電力と設備の電力設備容量のいずれか小さい方を最大利用可能電力として、設備に含まれる充電ユニットのうち最大利用可能電力の下で利用可能な充電ユニットの台数を決定」している。 For example, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, "the smaller one of the virtual contract power and the power facility capacity of the facility is the smaller available power, and can be used under the maximum available power among the charging units included in the facility. The number of charging units is determined.
複数の充電ユニット及びそれら複数の充電ユニット以外の負荷機器（例えば、建物内の電気機器）に電源装置が電力を供給している場合において、負荷機器での消費電力が増大すると、充電中の１つ又は複数の充電ユニットに供給可能な電力が低下してしまうおそれがある。 When the power supply of the power supply device is increasing when the power supply supplies power to a plurality of charging units and load devices other than the plurality of charge units (for example, electrical devices in a building) The power that can be supplied to one or more charging units may be reduced.
また、車載電池に充電する際、例えば「CHAdeMO規格」に準拠した充電方式では、車載電池に充電する際に予め充電に関する情報（例えば、出力可能な電圧値と電流値）を車両側に送信する処理（以下、情報交換処理という。）を実行する必要がある。 Also, when charging the in-vehicle battery, for example, according to the "CHAdeMO standard", when charging the in-vehicle battery, information on charging (for example, voltage value and current value that can be output) is transmitted to the vehicle side in advance. It is necessary to execute processing (hereinafter referred to as information exchange processing).
このため、充電ユニットに供給可能な電力が低下した場合、車載電池への充電を中断し、再度、情報交換処理を実行し、出力可能な電圧値と電流値を車両側へ送信する必要がある。 Therefore, when the power that can be supplied to the charging unit decreases, it is necessary to interrupt the charging of the in-vehicle battery, execute information exchange processing again, and transmit the outputable voltage value and current value to the vehicle side .
したがって、充電が完了する前に情報交換処理が発生すると、充電時間の増加、及び充電時間の増加に伴う電力消費の増加等が発生する。
本発明は、上記点に鑑み、予め充電に関する情報が必要な車両に適用される車両用充電システムにおいて、充電時間の増加を抑制することを目的とする。
Therefore, if the information exchange process occurs before the charging is completed, an increase in charge time, an increase in power consumption due to the increase in charge time, and the like occur.
In view of the above-described point, the present invention has an object to suppress an increase in charging time in a vehicle charging system applied to a vehicle that requires information on charging in advance.
本願では、走行用電力を供給する二次電池（以下、車載電池（Ｂａ）という。）を搭載する車両であって、当該車載電池（Ｂａ）に充電する際に予め充電に関する情報が必要な車両に適用される車両用充電システムにおいて、充電用の電力を出力可能な少なくとも１台の充電ユニット（２）と、充電ユニット（２）、及び当該充電ユニット（２）以外の負荷機器に電力を供給するための電源装置（３）と、負荷機器で必要とされる電力を予測する消費電力予測部と、充電ユニット（２）に供給可能な電力を決定する決定部であって、電源装置（３）の供給可能電力と消費電力予測部が予測した予測消費電力との差分を利用して決定する決定部とを備える。 In the present application, a vehicle equipped with a secondary battery (hereinafter referred to as an on-board battery (Ba)) for supplying driving power, the vehicle requiring information on charging in advance when the on-board battery (Ba) is charged. Power supply to at least one charging unit (2) capable of outputting power for charging, the charging unit (2), and load devices other than the charging unit (2). Power supply device (3), a power consumption prediction unit that predicts the power required by the load device, and a determination unit that determines the power that can be supplied to the charging unit (2). And a determination unit that determines using the difference between the suppliable electric power of and the predicted power consumption predicted by the power consumption prediction unit.
これにより、本発明では、情報交換処理の発生を抑制できるので、充電時間の増加を抑制できる。延いては、充電時間の増加に伴う電力消費の増加等を抑制できる。
なお、充電ユニット（２）が複数設けられている場合には、決定部は、電源装置（３）の供給可能電力と消費電力予測部が予測した予測消費電力との差分を利用して、複数の充電ユニット（２）のうち電力を供給することが可能な充電ユニットを決定するが可能である。
As a result, in the present invention, the occurrence of the information exchange process can be suppressed, and therefore, an increase in charging time can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in power consumption and the like accompanying an increase in charging time.
When a plurality of charging units (2) are provided, the determining unit uses the difference between the available power of the power supply device (3) and the predicted power consumption predicted by the power consumption predicting unit. It is possible to determine which of the charging units (2) can supply power.
そして、決定部は、予め決められた時刻を基準時として、予め決められた時間毎に作動することが望ましい。具体的には、「予め決められた時間」とは、商用電力料金算出時に用いられる「デマンド値」の自然数倍の時間であることが望ましい。 Then, it is desirable that the determination unit operate every predetermined time with reference to a predetermined time. Specifically, the "predetermined time" is preferably a time which is a natural number multiple of the "demand value" used when calculating the commercial power rate.
また、電源装置（３）は、系統電力源（３Ａ）に加えて、太陽光発電装置（ＰＶ発電装置）（３Ｂ）及び当該太陽光発電装置（３Ｂ）で発電された電力を蓄える二次電池（以下、据置電池（３Ｃ）という。）を有しており、据置電池（３Ｃ）の充電率を取得する充電率取得部と、系統電力源（３Ａ）及び太陽光発電装置（３Ｂ）のうち少なくとも一方から電力の供給を受けて据置電池（３Ｃ）に充電する充電部と、据置電池（３Ｃ）に充電を開始すべき開始充電率、及び据置電池（３Ｃ）への充電を停止すべき停止充電率のうち少なくとも一方の充電率の値を決定する充電率決定部と、充電率決定部により決定された充電率の値、及び充電率取得部が取得した取得充電率に基づいて充電部を制御する制御部とを備え、充電率決定部は、夜間時の充電率と昼間の充電率とを異なる値とする昼夜設定処理を実行することが可能であることが望ましい。 In addition to the grid power source (3A), the power supply device (3) includes a photovoltaic power generation device (PV power generation device) (3B) and a secondary battery that stores power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device (3B). (Hereafter, it is referred to as a stationary battery (3C).) Among the charging rate acquisition unit for acquiring the charging rate of the stationary battery (3C), the system power source (3A) and the solar power generation device (3B) A charging unit that receives power supply from at least one side to charge the stationary battery (3C), a start charging rate to start charging the stationary battery (3C), and stop charging to the stationary battery (3C) The charging unit is determined based on the charging rate determination unit that determines the value of at least one of the charging rates, the charging rate value determined by the charging rate determination unit, and the acquired charging rate acquired by the charging rate acquisition unit. And a control unit for controlling the charging It is desirable and a charging rate and daytime charging rate can be performed day and night setting process to different values.
この場合、系統電力源（３Ａ）から供給される電力のみで充電を行う場合には、夜間時の開始充電率を昼間の開始充電率より大きくし、夜間時の停止充電率を昼間の開始充電率より大きくすると、深夜電力等の安価電力を利用して据置電池（３Ｃ）を充電できる。 In this case, when charging is performed only with the power supplied from the system power source (3A), the start charging rate at night is made larger than the start charging rate at daytime, and the stop charging rate at night is starting charge at daytime If the rate is larger than the rate, the stationary battery (3C) can be charged using low-cost power such as late-night power.
また、少なくとも太陽光発電装置（３Ｂ）から供給される電力にて充電を行う場合には、昼間時の開始充電率を夜間の開始充電率より大きくし、昼間時の停止充電率を夜間の停止充電率より大きくすれば、充電回数を増加させるとともに、昼間には据置電池（３Ｃ）への充電量を増加させることが可能となる。 In addition, when charging is performed with power supplied from at least the solar power generation device (3B), the start charging rate at daytime is made larger than the start charging rate at night, and the stop charging rate at daytime is stopped at night If the charging rate is larger than the charging rate, the number of times of charging can be increased, and the amount of charging of the stationary battery (3C) can be increased in the daytime.
そして、少なくとも太陽光発電装置（３Ｂ）から供給される電力にて充電を行う場合には、系統電力源（３Ａ）から供給される電力のみで充電を行う場合に比べて開始充電率及び停止充電率を大きくすれば、太陽光発電装置（３Ｂ）で発生した電力の多くを据置電池（３Ｃ）に充電することが可能となる。 Then, when charging is performed with at least the power supplied from the solar power generation apparatus (3B), the start charging rate and the stop charging are compared to the case where charging is performed only with the power supplied from the system power source (3A) If the rate is increased, it is possible to charge the stationary battery (3C) with much of the power generated by the solar power generation device (3B).
因みに、上記各手段等の括弧内の符号は、後述する実施形態に記載の具体的手段等との対応関係を示す一例であり、本発明は上記各手段等の括弧内の符号に示された具体的手段等に限定されるものではない。 Incidentally, the reference numerals in the parentheses of the respective means and the like are an example showing the correspondence with the specific means and the like described in the embodiments described later, and the present invention is shown by the reference numerals in the parentheses of the respective means and the like It is not limited to the specific means.
以下に説明する「発明の実施形態」は実施形態の一例を示すものである。つまり、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明特定事項等は、下記の実施形態に示された具体的手段や構造等に限定されるものではない。 The “invention embodiment” described below shows an example of the embodiment. That is, the invention-specifying matters and the like described in the claims are not limited to the specific means and the structures and the like shown in the following embodiments.
本実施形態は、集合住宅や商業施設等の複数の充電ユニットが設置された施設に本発明に係る車両用充電システムを適用したものである。以下、本発明の実施形態を図面と共に説明する。なお、少なくとも符号を付して説明した部材又は部位は、「複数」や「２つ以上」等の断りをした場合を除き、少なくとも１つ設けられている。 In the present embodiment, the vehicle charging system according to the present invention is applied to a facility in which a plurality of charging units such as an apartment house or a commercial facility are installed. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, at least one member or part described with at least a reference numeral is provided except in the case where “plurality”, “two or more” or the like is described.
（第１実施形態）
１．車両用充電システムの構成
車両用充電システム１は、図１に示すように、電気自動車等のＥＶ車両に電力を充電するためのシステムである。車両用充電システム１は、少なくとも１台の充電ユニット２、電源装置３及び制御装置４等を有する。
First Embodiment
1. Configuration of Vehicle Charging System As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle charging system 1 is a system for charging electric power to an EV vehicle such as an electric vehicle. The vehicle charging system 1 includes at least one charging unit 2, a power supply device 3, a control device 4, and the like.
なお、「ＥＶ車両」とは、走行用の電動モータを有する車両であって、当該電動モータに走行用の電力を供給する二次電池Ｂａ（以下、車載電池Ｂａという。）を搭載する車両である。具体的には、電気自動車（発電専用の内燃機関を有する車両も含む。）やハイブリッド車両（プラグ・イン・ハイブリッド車両も含む。）等をいう。 The "EV vehicle" is a vehicle having an electric motor for traveling, and is a vehicle equipped with a secondary battery Ba (hereinafter referred to as "in-vehicle battery Ba") for supplying electric power for traveling to the electric motor. is there. Specifically, it refers to an electric vehicle (including a vehicle having an internal combustion engine dedicated to power generation), a hybrid vehicle (including a plug-in hybrid vehicle), and the like.
＜充電ユニット＞
充電ユニット２は車載電池Ｂａに充電用の電力を出力するためのユニットである。本実施形態では、充電ユニット２として第１充電ユニット２Ａ〜第５充電ユニット２Ｅが設けられている。以下、第１充電ユニット２Ａ〜第５充電ユニット２Ｅを総称する際は、充電ユニット２と記す。
<Charging unit>
The charging unit 2 is a unit for outputting charging power to the on-board battery Ba. In the present embodiment, the first charging unit 2A to the fifth charging unit 2E are provided as the charging unit 2. Hereinafter, the first charging unit 2A to the fifth charging unit 2E are collectively referred to as the charging unit 2.
なお、車両用充電システム１は、「CHAdeMO規格」に準拠した充電方式が可能である。具体的には、車載電池Ｂａに充電する際に予め充電に関する情報（例えば、出力可能な電圧値と電流値）を車両側に送信する処理（以下、情報交換処理という。）を実行する。 In addition, the charge system 1 for vehicles can perform the charge system based on "CHAdeMO specification." Specifically, when the vehicle battery Ba is charged, a process (hereinafter, referred to as information exchange process) of transmitting information (for example, an outputable voltage value and a current value) related to charging to the vehicle side in advance is executed.
＜電源装置＞
電源装置３は、充電ユニット２及び当該充電ユニット２以外の負荷機器に電力を供給する。本実施形態に係る負荷機器とは、例えば、集合住宅等で使用される電気機器等をいう。電源装置３は、系統電力源（商用電源）３Ａ、太陽光発電装置３Ｂ及び据置電池３Ｃ等を電源とする。
<Power supply device>
The power supply device 3 supplies power to the charging unit 2 and load devices other than the charging unit 2. The load device according to the present embodiment means, for example, an electric device or the like used in a housing complex or the like. The power supply device 3 uses as a power supply system power source (commercial power supply) 3A, a solar power generation device 3B, a stationary battery 3C, and the like.
据置電池３Ｃは、太陽光発電装置３Ｂで発電された電力を蓄える二次電池である。太陽光発電装置３Ｂにより発電された電力（以下、ＰＶ電力という。）は、上記の負荷機器側に優先的に供給される。つまり、負荷機器にはＰＶ電力が優先的に供給される。 Stationary battery 3C is a secondary battery that stores the electric power generated by solar power generation device 3B. Electric power generated by the solar power generation device 3B (hereinafter referred to as PV electric power) is preferentially supplied to the above-described load device side. That is, PV power is preferentially supplied to the load device.
そして、ＰＶ電力が負荷機器で現実に消費される消費電力を越えたときには、その上回った余剰分の電力（以下、余剰電力という。）が据置電池３Ｃに充電される。ＰＶ電力が消費電力未満となったときには、不足分の電力は系統電力源３Ａから補填される。 Then, when the PV power exceeds the power consumption actually consumed by the load device, the surplus power (hereinafter referred to as surplus power) that has been exceeded is charged to the stationary battery 3C. When the PV power is less than the power consumption, the shortfall power is compensated from the system power source 3A.
電池制御部３Ｄは、据置電池３Ｃへの充電作動を制御する。具体的には、電池制御部３Ｄは、据置電池３Ｃの充電率（State of Charge）を取得し、据置電池３Ｃの充電率を監視する。 The battery control unit 3D controls the charging operation of the stationary battery 3C. Specifically, the battery control unit 3D acquires the charging rate (State of Charge) of the stationary battery 3C, and monitors the charging rate of the stationary battery 3C.
そして、電池制御部３Ｄは、据置電池３Ｃの充電率が開始充電率以下となったときに、据置電池３Ｃへの充電（以下、回復充電ともいう。）を開始し、充電率が停止充電率以上となったときに回復充電を終了する。 Then, when the charging rate of the stationary battery 3C becomes lower than the starting charging rate, the battery control unit 3D starts charging the stationary battery 3C (hereinafter, also referred to as recovery charging), and the charging rate stops charging. Recovery charge ends when it is over.
電池制御部３Ｄは、据置電池３Ｃの電圧値、又は据置電池３Ｃに入出力する電流の積算値等を利用して充電率を取得する。本実施形態では、充電率が停止充電率となったか否かは、据置電池３Ｃに流れ込む電流値を利用して取得している。 The battery control unit 3D acquires the charging rate using the voltage value of the stationary battery 3C or the integrated value of the current input to and output from the stationary battery 3C. In the present embodiment, whether or not the charging rate has reached the stop charging rate is acquired using the current value flowing into the stationary battery 3C.
据置電池３Ｃに供給される充電用電力は、系統電力源３Ａ及び太陽光発電装置３Ｂのうち少なくとも一方から供給される。具体的には、余剰電力のみで据置電池３Ｃに充電可能な場合には、ＰＶ電力にて回復充電がされる。 The charging power supplied to the stationary battery 3C is supplied from at least one of the system power source 3A and the solar power generation device 3B. Specifically, when it is possible to charge the stationary battery 3C with only surplus power, recovery charging is performed with PV power.
余剰電力が無い場合には、系統電力源３Ａから供給される電力（以下、系統電力）にて回復充電がされる。余剰電力のみで据置電池３Ｃに充電することが不可能と推定可能な場合には、ＰＶ電力及び系統電力にて回復充電がされる。 When there is no surplus power, recovery charging is performed with the power supplied from the grid power source 3A (hereinafter, grid power). If it can be estimated that charging of the stationary battery 3C is impossible with only surplus power, restoration charging is performed with PV power and grid power.
電池制御部３Ｄは夜間時の充電率と昼間の充電率とを異なる値とする昼夜設定処理が実行可能である。すなわち、電池制御部３Ｄは、系統電力のみで回復充電を行う場合には、夜間時の開始充電率を昼間の開始充電率より大きい値とする。さらに、電池制御部３Ｄは、系統電力のみで回復充電を行う場合には、夜間時の停止充電率を昼間の停止充電率より大きい値とする。 The battery control unit 3D can execute day and night setting processing in which the charging rate at night and the charging rate at daytime are different values. That is, when the recovery control is performed only by the grid power, the battery control unit 3D sets the starting charging rate at night to a value larger than the starting charging rate at daytime. Furthermore, battery control part 3D makes a stop charge rate at night a value larger than a stop charge rate at daytime, when performing recovery charge only with system power.
すなわち、系統電力のみで回復充電を行う場合には、負荷機器の消費電力が小さい時間帯に実行される。具体的には、本実施形態では、例えば１：００〜３：５９までは開始充電率を３９％とし、停止充電率５０％とし、４：００〜０：５９までは開始充電率を２９％とし、停止充電率４０％としている（図２参照）。 That is, in the case where recovery charging is performed only by the system power, the power consumption of the load device is performed in a small time zone. Specifically, in the present embodiment, for example, the start charge rate is 39% and the stop charge rate is 50% from 1:00 to 3:59, and the start charge rate is 29% from 4:00 to 0:59. The stop charging rate is 40% (see FIG. 2).
電池制御部３Ｄは、少なくとも太陽光発電装置３Ｂから供給される電力にて回復充電を行う場合には、昼間時の開始充電率を夜間の開始充電率より大きい値とする。さらに、電池制御部３Ｄは、少なくとも太陽光発電装置３Ｂから供給される電力にて回復充電を行う場合には、昼間時の停止充電率を夜間の停止充電率より大きい値とする。 The battery control unit 3D sets the start charging rate during the daytime to a value larger than the start charging rate during the night, when performing recovery charging with at least power supplied from the solar power generation device 3B. Furthermore, in the case where the recovery control is performed with the power supplied from at least the solar power generation device 3B, the battery control unit 3D sets the stop charging rate in the daytime to a value larger than the stop charging rate in the nighttime.
つまり、電池制御部３Ｄは、晴天時の昼間等、太陽光発電装置３Ｂによる発電が可能な場合には、太陽光発電装置３Ｂの余剰電力及び系統電力を用いた回復充電、又は余剰電力のみで回復充電が可能な場合には、余剰電力のみで回復充電を行う。 That is, when the solar control device 3B can generate power by the solar control device 3B, for example, in the daytime in fine weather, the battery control unit 3D only uses the surplus power of the photovoltaic power device 3B and recovery charging using grid power, or only surplus power. If recovery charge is possible, perform recovery charge only with surplus power.
具体的には、開始充電率を５６％とし、停止充電率６０％としている（図３参照）。つまり、本実施形態では、余剰電力を利用した回復充電を行う場合には、系統電力のみで回復充電を行う場合の開始充電率及び停止充電力を大きくして余剰電力の蓄電量を大きくしている。 Specifically, the start charge rate is 56%, and the stop charge rate is 60% (see FIG. 3). That is, in the present embodiment, when performing recovery charging using surplus power, the start charging rate and stop charging power in the case of performing recovery charging only with grid power are increased to increase the storage amount of surplus power. There is.
なお、本実施形態に係る電池制御部３Ｄは、ＣＰＵ、ＲＡＭ及びＲＯＭ等を有するマイクロコンピュータにソフトウェアが組み込まれることにより構成されている。つまり、充電率を取得する充電率取得部、充電率の値を決定する充電率決定、据置電池３Ｃに充電する充電部、及び充電部を制御する制御部は、当該ソフトウェア（プログラム）により実現されている。 The battery control unit 3D according to the present embodiment is configured by incorporating software in a microcomputer having a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like. That is, the charging rate acquisition unit for acquiring the charging rate, the charging rate determination for determining the value of the charging rate, the charging unit for charging the stationary battery 3C, and the control unit for controlling the charging unit are realized by the software (program) ing.
＜制御装置＞
制御装置４は、負荷機器で必要とされる電力を予測する消費電力予測処理、及び充電ユニット２に供給可能な電力を決定する決定処理が実行可能である。なお、制御装置４は、ＣＰＵ、ＲＡＭ及びＲＯＭ等を有するマイクロコンピュータにソフトウェアが組み込まれることに構成されている。
<Control device>
The control device 4 can execute power consumption prediction processing that predicts the power required by the load device, and determination processing that determines the power that can be supplied to the charging unit 2. The control device 4 is configured such that software is incorporated into a microcomputer having a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like.
消費電力予測処理及び決定処理を実行するためのソフトウェアは、ＲＯＭ等の不揮発性記憶部（図示せず。）に予め記憶されている。消費電力予測処理で実行される予測手法は不問である。なお、本実施形態では、過去の需要電力履歴を利用して現在の時間帯における消費電力を予測する。 Software for executing the power consumption prediction process and the determination process is stored in advance in a non-volatile storage unit (not shown) such as a ROM. The prediction method executed in the power consumption prediction process is not questioned. In the present embodiment, power consumption in the current time zone is predicted using the past demand power history.
決定処理は、電源装置３の供給可能電力、及び消費電力予測処理にて予測した予測消費電力との差分を利用して充電ユニット２に供給可能な電力（以下、充電可能電力という。）を決定する。 The determination process determines the power that can be supplied to the charging unit 2 (hereinafter referred to as chargeable power) using the difference between the available power of the power supply 3 and the predicted power consumption predicted in the power consumption prediction process. Do.
つまり、供給可能電力から予測消費電力を差し引いた値が充電可能電力となる。なお、本実施形態では、電源装置３は据置電池３Ｃを有している。このため、電源装置３の供給可能電力には、据置電池３Ｃに蓄えられた電力も含まれる。 That is, the value obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption from the suppliable power is the chargeable power. In the present embodiment, the power supply device 3 has a stationary battery 3C. Therefore, the power that can be supplied by the power supply 3 includes the power stored in the stationary battery 3C.
本実施形態に係る決定処理では、充電可能電力に基づいて、複数の充電ユニット２のうち電力を供給することが可能な充電ユニット（以下、稼働可能充電ユニットという。）を決定する。 In the determination process according to the present embodiment, a charging unit (hereinafter, referred to as an operable charging unit) capable of supplying power among the plurality of charging units 2 is determined based on the chargeable power.
例えば、本実施形態に係る決定処理では、「充電可能電力」を「車載電池Ｂａを充電するに必要な電力（以下、必要充電電力という。）」で除した値が稼働可能充電ユニットの台数とされる。 For example, in the determination process according to the present embodiment, a value obtained by dividing “rechargeable power” by “power necessary to charge the on-vehicle battery Ba (hereinafter referred to as required charge power)” is the number of operable charge units. Be done.
必要充電電力は、例えば、過去に実績値又は車両用充電システム１の管理者等により設定された値等である。なお、上記の除した値が自然数とならないときには、小数点以下を切り捨てた値が稼働可能充電ユニットの台数となる。 The necessary charging power is, for example, a past performance value or a value set by a manager of the vehicle charging system 1 or the like. When the above-mentioned divided value does not become a natural number, the value after rounding off the decimal point becomes the number of operable charging units.
そして、決定処理では、少なくとも据置電池３Ｃから電力を供給することが可能な充電ユニット２（本実施形態では、第２充電ユニット２Ｅ）を含むように、稼働可能充電ユニットが決定される。 Then, in the determination process, the operable charging unit is determined to include at least the charging unit 2 (in the present embodiment, the second charging unit 2E) capable of supplying power from the stationary battery 3C.
決定処理は、予め決められた時刻（例えば、午前０時）を基準時として、予め決められた時間毎に作動する。「予め決められた時間」とは、例えば、商用電力料金算出時に用いられる「デマンド値」の自然数倍（本実施形態では、１倍）の時間である。 The determination process operates every predetermined time with reference to a predetermined time (for example, midnight). The “predetermined time” is, for example, a time which is a natural number times (one time in this embodiment) the “demand value” used in calculating the commercial power rate.
なお、消費電力予測処理における「現在の時間帯」とは、前回決定処理が実行された時から次回決定処理が実行されるまでの時間をいう。
２．本実施形態に係る車両用充電システムの特徴
本実施形態では、電源装置３の供給可能電力及び予測消費電力との差分を利用して稼働可能充電ユニットを決定する。これにより、情報交換処理の発生を抑制できるので、充電時間の増加を抑制できる。延いては、充電時間の増加に伴う電力消費の増加等を抑制できる。
The “current time zone” in the power consumption prediction process refers to the time from when the determination process was performed last time until the next determination process is performed.
2. Characteristics of Vehicle Charging System According to this Embodiment In this embodiment, the operable charging unit is determined using the difference between the available power of the power supply device 3 and the predicted power consumption. As a result, since the occurrence of the information exchange process can be suppressed, the increase of the charging time can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in power consumption and the like accompanying an increase in charging time.
電池制御部３Ｄは、夜間時の充電率と昼間の充電率とを異なる値とする。具体的には、系統電力源３Ａから供給される電力のみで充電を行う場合には、夜間時の開始充電率を昼間の開始充電率より大きくし、夜間時の停止充電率を昼間の開始充電率より大きくする。 The battery control unit 3D sets the charging rate at night and the charging rate at daytime to different values. Specifically, when charging is performed only with the power supplied from the system power source 3A, the start charging rate at night is made larger than the start charging rate at daytime, and the stop charging rate at night is starting charge at daytime Make it larger than the rate.
これにより、本実施形態では、深夜電力等の安価電力を利用して据置電池３Ｃを充電できる。延いては、系統電力の需要増大を抑制するデマンド制御が可能となる。
また、少なくとも太陽光発電装置３Ｂから供給される電力にて充電を行う場合には、昼間時の開始充電率を夜間の開始充電率より大きくし、昼間時の停止充電率を夜間の停止充電率より大きくする。
Thus, in the present embodiment, the stationary battery 3C can be charged using low-cost power such as late-night power. As a result, demand control can be performed to suppress the increase in demand for grid power.
In addition, when charging is performed with the power supplied from at least the solar power generation device 3B, the start charging rate at daytime is made larger than the start charging rate at night, and the stop charging rate at daytime is the stop charging rate at night Make it bigger.
これにより、本実施形態では、回復充電の回数を増加させるとともに、昼間には据置電池３Ｃへの充電量を増加させることが可能となる。延いては、ＰＶ電力を有効に活用でき得る。 Thus, in the present embodiment, the number of recovery charges can be increased, and the amount of charge to the stationary battery 3C can be increased in the daytime. After all, PV power can be used effectively.
そして、本実施形態では、少なくともＰＶ電力を利用して回復充電を行う場合には、系統電力のみで充電を行う場合に比べて開始充電率及び停止充電率を大きくする。これにより、太陽光発電装置３Ｂで発生した電力の多くを据置電池３Ｃに充電することが可能となる。 And in this embodiment, when performing recovery charge using PV electric power at least, a starting charging rate and a stop charging rate are enlarged compared with the case where it charges only by system | strain electric power. This makes it possible to charge the stationary battery 3C with much of the power generated by the solar power generation device 3B.
（その他の実施形態）
上述の実施形態では、据置電池３Ｃを有する車両用充電システム１であったが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、据置電池３Ｃ及び太陽光発電装置３Ｂを有していない車両用充電システムにも適用可能である。
(Other embodiments)
In the above-mentioned embodiment, although it was charge system 1 for vehicles which has stationary battery 3C, the present invention is not limited to this, charge for vehicles which do not have stationary battery 3C and solar power generation device 3B It is applicable also to a system.
上述の実施形態では、据置電池３Ｃの充電率を取得する充電率取得部等は、電池制御部３Ｄに組み込まれたソフトウェアにより実現されていたが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、専用のハードウェアを設けてもよい。 In the above-mentioned embodiment, although the charge rate acquisition part etc. which acquire the charge rate of stationary battery 3C were realized by the software built into battery control part 3D, the present invention is not limited to this, Dedicated hardware may be provided.
また、本発明は、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明の趣旨に合致するものであればよく、上述の実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as long as it conforms to the spirit of the invention described in the claims.
１… 車両用充電システム
２… 充電ユニット
３… 電源装置
３Ｂ… 太陽光発電装置
３Ｃ… 据置電池
３Ａ… 系統電力源
３Ｄ… 電池制御部
４… 制御装置
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Charging system for vehicles 2 ... Charging unit 3 ... Power supply device 3B ... Solar power generation device 3C ... Stationary battery 3A ... System electric power source 3D ... Battery control part 4 ... Control apparatus
Claims (8)
充電用の電力を出力可能な少なくとも１台の充電ユニットと、
前記充電ユニット、及び当該充電ユニット以外の負荷機器に電力を供給するための電源装置と、
前記負荷機器で必要とされる電力を予測する消費電力予測部と、
前記充電ユニットに供給可能な電力を決定する決定部であって、前記電源装置の供給可能電力と前記消費電力予測部が予測した予測消費電力との差分を利用して決定する決定部とを備え、
前記電源装置は、系統電力源に加えて、太陽光発電装置及び当該太陽光発電装置で発電された電力を蓄える二次電池（以下、据置電池という。）を有しており、
前記据置電池の充電率を取得する充電率取得部と、
前記系統電力源及び前記太陽光発電装置のうち少なくとも一方から電力の供給を受けて前記据置電池に充電する充電部と、
前記据置電池に充電を開始すべき開始充電率、及び前記据置電池への充電を停止すべき停止充電率のうち少なくとも一方の充電率の値を決定する充電率決定部と、
前記充電率決定部により決定された充電率の値、及び前記充電率取得部が取得した取得充電率に基づいて前記充電部を制御する制御部とを備え、
前記充電率決定部は、夜間時の前記充電率と昼間の前記充電率とを異なる値とする昼夜設定処理を実行することが可能であり、
前記昼夜設定処理では、少なくとも前記太陽光発電装置から供給される電力にて充電を行う場合には、昼間時の前記開始充電率を夜間の前記開始充電率より大きくすることを特徴とする車両用充電システム。 A vehicle charging system that is applied to a vehicle equipped with a secondary battery (hereinafter referred to as an on-board battery) for supplying driving power and that requires information on charging in advance when the on-board battery is charged. ,
At least one charging unit capable of outputting power for charging;
A power supply device for supplying power to the charging unit and load devices other than the charging unit;
A power consumption prediction unit that predicts the power required by the load device;
The determination unit determines the power that can be supplied to the charging unit, and includes the determination unit using the difference between the available power of the power supply device and the predicted power consumption predicted by the power consumption prediction unit. ,
The power supply device includes, in addition to a system power source, a solar power generation device and a secondary battery (hereinafter referred to as a stationary battery) that stores power generated by the solar power generation device.
A charging rate acquisition unit that acquires a charging rate of the stationary battery;
A charging unit that receives power supply from at least one of the grid power source and the solar power generation device to charge the stationary battery;
A charging rate determination unit that determines a value of at least one of a start charging rate at which charging of the stationary battery should be started and a stop charging rate at which charging of the stationary battery should be stopped;
And a control unit that controls the charging unit based on the value of the charging rate determined by the charging rate determination unit and the acquired charging rate acquired by the charging rate acquisition unit.
The charging rate determination unit can execute day and night setting processing in which the charging rate at night and the charging rate at daytime are different values,
Vehicle the day and night setting process, when performing charging with electric power supplied from at least the photovoltaic device, characterized by greater to Rukoto than the starting charge rate the starting charge rate nighttime during daytime Charging system.
充電用の電力を出力可能な少なくとも１台の充電ユニットと、
前記充電ユニット、及び当該充電ユニット以外の負荷機器に電力を供給するための電源装置と、
前記負荷機器で必要とされる電力を予測する消費電力予測部と、
前記充電ユニットに供給可能な電力を決定する決定部であって、前記電源装置の供給可能電力と前記消費電力予測部が予測した予測消費電力との差分を利用して決定する決定部とを備え、
前記電源装置は、系統電力源に加えて、太陽光発電装置及び当該太陽光発電装置で発電された電力を蓄える二次電池（以下、据置電池という。）を有しており、
前記据置電池の充電率を取得する充電率取得部と、
前記系統電力源及び前記太陽光発電装置のうち少なくとも一方から電力の供給を受けて前記据置電池に充電する充電部と、
前記据置電池に充電を開始すべき開始充電率、及び前記据置電池への充電を停止すべき停止充電率のうち少なくとも一方の充電率の値を決定する充電率決定部と、
前記充電率決定部により決定された充電率の値、及び前記充電率取得部が取得した取得充電率に基づいて前記充電部を制御する制御部とを備え、
前記充電率決定部は、夜間時の前記充電率と昼間の前記充電率とを異なる値とする昼夜設定処理を実行することが可能であり、
前記昼夜設定処理では、少なくとも前記太陽光発電装置から供給される電力にて充電を行う場合には、昼間時の前記停止充電率を夜間の前記停止充電率より大きくすることを特徴とする車両用充電システム。 A vehicle charging system that is applied to a vehicle equipped with a secondary battery (hereinafter referred to as an on-board battery) for supplying driving power and that requires information on charging in advance when the on-board battery is charged. ,
At least one charging unit capable of outputting power for charging;
A power supply device for supplying power to the charging unit and load devices other than the charging unit;
A power consumption prediction unit that predicts the power required by the load device;
The determination unit determines the power that can be supplied to the charging unit, and includes the determination unit using the difference between the available power of the power supply device and the predicted power consumption predicted by the power consumption prediction unit. ,
The power supply device includes, in addition to a system power source, a solar power generation device and a secondary battery (hereinafter referred to as a stationary battery) that stores power generated by the solar power generation device.
A charging rate acquisition unit that acquires a charging rate of the stationary battery;
A charging unit that receives power supply from at least one of the grid power source and the solar power generation device to charge the stationary battery;
A charging rate determination unit that determines a value of at least one of a start charging rate at which charging of the stationary battery should be started and a stop charging rate at which charging of the stationary battery should be stopped;
And a control unit that controls the charging unit based on the value of the charging rate determined by the charging rate determination unit and the acquired charging rate acquired by the charging rate acquisition unit.
The charging rate determination unit can execute day and night setting processing in which the charging rate at night and the charging rate at daytime are different values,
The day and night setting process, when performing charging with electric power supplied from at least the photovoltaic device, characterized by greater than the stop charge rate at night the stop charge rate of daytime car Dual charging system.
充電用の電力を出力可能な少なくとも１台の充電ユニットと、
前記充電ユニット、及び当該充電ユニット以外の負荷機器に電力を供給するための電源装置と、
前記負荷機器で必要とされる電力を予測する消費電力予測部と、
前記充電ユニットに供給可能な電力を決定する決定部であって、前記電源装置の供給可能電力と前記消費電力予測部が予測した予測消費電力との差分を利用して決定する決定部とを備え、
前記電源装置は、系統電力源に加えて、太陽光発電装置及び当該太陽光発電装置で発電された電力を蓄える二次電池（以下、据置電池という。）を有しており、
前記据置電池の充電率を取得する充電率取得部と、
前記系統電力源及び前記太陽光発電装置のうち少なくとも一方から電力の供給を受けて前記据置電池に充電する充電部と、
前記据置電池に充電を開始すべき開始充電率、及び前記据置電池への充電を停止すべき停止充電率のうち少なくとも一方の充電率の値を決定する充電率決定部と、
前記充電率決定部により決定された充電率の値、及び前記充電率取得部が取得した取得充電率に基づいて前記充電部を制御する制御部とを備え、
前記充電率決定部は、夜間時の前記充電率と昼間の前記充電率とを異なる値とする昼夜設定処理を実行することが可能であり、
前記昼夜設定処理では、少なくとも前記太陽光発電装置から供給される電力にて充電を行う場合には、前記系統電力源から供給される電力のみで充電を行う場合に比べて前記開始充電率及び前記停止充電率を大きくすることを特徴とする車両用充電システム。 A vehicle charging system that is applied to a vehicle equipped with a secondary battery (hereinafter referred to as an on-board battery) for supplying driving power and that requires information on charging in advance when the on-board battery is charged. ,
At least one charging unit capable of outputting power for charging;
A power supply device for supplying power to the charging unit and load devices other than the charging unit;
A power consumption prediction unit that predicts the power required by the load device;
The determination unit determines the power that can be supplied to the charging unit, and includes the determination unit using the difference between the available power of the power supply device and the predicted power consumption predicted by the power consumption prediction unit. ,
The power supply device includes, in addition to a system power source, a solar power generation device and a secondary battery (hereinafter referred to as a stationary battery) that stores power generated by the solar power generation device.
A charging rate acquisition unit that acquires a charging rate of the stationary battery;
A charging unit that receives power supply from at least one of the grid power source and the solar power generation device to charge the stationary battery;
A charging rate determination unit that determines a value of at least one of a start charging rate at which charging of the stationary battery should be started and a stop charging rate at which charging of the stationary battery should be stopped;
And a control unit that controls the charging unit based on the value of the charging rate determined by the charging rate determination unit and the acquired charging rate acquired by the charging rate acquisition unit.
The charging rate determination unit can execute day and night setting processing in which the charging rate at night and the charging rate at daytime are different values,
In the day and night setting process, when charging is performed at least with the power supplied from the solar power generation apparatus, the start charging rate and the charging rate are compared to the case where charging is performed only with the power supplied from the grid power source. car dual charging system that is characterized in that to increase the stop charging rate.
前記決定部は、前記電源装置の供給可能電力と前記消費電力予測部が予測した予測消費電力との差分を利用して、前記複数の充電ユニットのうち電力を供給することが可能な充電ユニットを決定することを特徴とする請求項１ないし３のいずれか１項に記載の車両用充電システム。 There are at least two charging units,
The determination unit is a charging unit capable of supplying power among the plurality of charging units using a difference between the available power of the power supply device and the predicted power consumption predicted by the power consumption prediction unit. The vehicle charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the charging system is determined.
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