JP6524837B2 - Musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a musical instrument that detects the vibration of a vibrating body such as a string or a film, converts it into an electrical signal, and outputs it.

  For example, as described in the following patent documents, the string is vibrated by keystroke, the vibration is converted into an electric signal by a pickup using a piezoelectric element or the like, and a speaker or other sound generator is ringed by the electric signal. Electric pianos are known. For example, Non-Patent Document 1 below describes a keyboard device similar to an acoustic piano and an electric piano provided with a plurality of strings. The keyboard device includes a plurality of keys and a plurality of hammers interlocking with the plurality of keys. Each string vibrates as it is struck by the corresponding hammer. In addition, the electric piano includes a pickup device for detecting the vibration of the string, and a sound system (amplifying circuit, a speaker, etc.) for amplifying the detected vibration and converting it into an acoustic signal to emit the sound. Further, as described in Patent Document 1, there is known an electric piano which vibrates a vibrating body such as sound or the like by keying and converts the vibration into an electric signal by a pickup using an electromagnetic coil or the like.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 01-16149

Yamaha Corporation "CP-80 Instruction Manual", September 2003

  As described above, unlike an acoustic piano, a conventional electric piano does not have a soundboard that resonates with the vibration of the string, and electrically amplifies the vibration of the string as it is and converts it into an acoustic signal by the speaker . The way of sound emitted from the complex vibration of the soundboard resonating with the vibration of the string is different from the way of sound emitted from the speaker based on the signal obtained by amplifying the vibration of the string as it is.

  The present invention has been made to address the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide an instrument capable of producing rich sounding. In the following description of each component of the present invention, the reference numerals of corresponding parts of the embodiment are described in parentheses in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, but each component of the present invention is It should not be construed as limited to the configuration of the corresponding portion indicated by the reference numerals of the embodiment.

In order to achieve the above object, the features of the present invention are a vibration source (ST, BA) that is operated to perform and vibrate, and detection means for detecting the vibration of the vibration source and outputting a vibration waveform signal representing a vibration waveform Original signal generating means (12a) for generating an original signal representing a musical tone by convoluting (VD), the vibration waveform signal, and a response signal when a predetermined reference signal is input to the vibrator of the acoustic instrument; A plurality of tone signal processing means respectively provided corresponding to a plurality of speakers (SP _x ) and the plurality of speakers and processing the original signals to generate tone signals corresponding to the arrangement positions of the respective speakers (16), and the frequency characteristics of the plurality of tone signal processing means are respectively set based on each natural frequency and each vibration form of the vibrating body of the acoustic musical instrument. Musical Instruments (GP, UP, DS) that was there. The above-mentioned frequency characteristics include characteristics regarding amplitude and characteristics regarding phase. Further, the above-described speaker includes a sound generation device including a plate-like member or a film-like member and an actuator for vibrating the plate-like member or the film-like member.

  In this case, the response signal may be a signal representing a vibration waveform of a second portion of the vibrating body when the predetermined reference signal is input to the first portion of the vibrating body of the acoustic musical instrument.

In this case, the musical tone signal processing means comprises a plurality of band pass filters (BP _{x, m} ) and a plurality of phase shift circuits (PS _{x, x} ) provided corresponding to the respective natural frequencies of the vibrating body of the acoustic musical instrument _{. m} ), and phase characteristics of the plurality of phase shift circuits may be set based on each vibration form of the musical instrument.

  In this case, the original signal may be supplied to any one or a plurality of tone signal processing means among the plurality of tone signal processing means based on preset destination information.

  In this case, the tone signal processing means may further include bypass means for outputting the original signal as the tone signal.

  In the musical instrument configured as described above, the original signal is obtained by convoluting the vibration waveform signal representing the vibration waveform of the vibration source and the response signal when the reference signal is input to the predetermined portion of the vibrating body of the acoustic instrument. It is generated. Then, the original signal is processed by a plurality of tone signal processing means and supplied to a plurality of speakers. The frequency characteristics of the plurality of tone signal processing means for generating the plurality of tone signals are set based on the respective natural frequencies of the vibrating body of the musical instrument and the respective vibration forms (vibration modes). Therefore, according to this musical instrument, it is possible to produce musical tones that resonate as richly as musical tones of acoustic musical instruments. In addition, the listener of the performance of this instrument can have a sense of presence as when listening to the performance of the acoustic instrument. And the listening range (listening area) in which the sense of reality can be obtained favorably can be expanded rather than before.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electric piano according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the electric piano of FIG. It is a side view of the electric piano of FIG. It is a block diagram of the musical tone signal generation part of the electric piano of FIG. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the musical tone signal processing device of FIG. 4; FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a first half of a table representing parameters of the musical tone signal processing circuit of the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second half of a table representing parameters of the tone signal processing circuit of the first embodiment. It is a front view of the electric piano which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the electric piano of FIG. It is a table showing the parameter of the musical tone signal processing circuit of a 2nd embodiment. It is a front view of the electric drum set which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the electronic pad which imitated the snare drum. It is the disassembled perspective view which decomposed | disassembled the electronic pad of FIG. 11, and was seen from diagonally upward. It is the disassembled perspective view which decomposed | disassembled the electronic pad of FIG. 11, and was seen from diagonally downward. It is a perspective view of the electronic pad which imitated cymbal. It is the disassembled perspective view which disassembled the electronic pad of FIG. 13, and was seen from diagonally upward. It is a block diagram of the musical tone signal processing apparatus of the electric drum set of FIG. 11 is a musical tone signal processing circuit according to a third embodiment, which is a table representing parameters of the musical tone signal processing circuit for the electronic pad of FIG. 14 is a musical tone signal processing circuit according to a third embodiment, which is a table representing parameters of the musical tone signal processing circuit for the electronic pad of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the distribution circuit which concerns on the modification of this invention.

First Embodiment
The electric piano GP according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. The shape of the case of the electric piano GP is the same as the shape of the case of the acoustic grand piano, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. That is, the case of the electric piano GP is configured of the side plate SB, the roof LD, the support legs LG, etc., as in the acoustic grand piano. Further, the electric piano GP is provided with a keyboard device KY and a pedal device PD similar to the acoustic grand piano. The keyboard device KY has a plurality of keys and a plurality of hammers respectively corresponding to the plurality of keys. Further, the electric piano GP is provided with a plurality of strings ST which correspond to the plurality of hammers, respectively, and are vibration sources which are struck by the respective hammers and vibrate respectively. Further, the electric piano GP is provided with a plurality of vibration sensors VD each detecting the vibration of each string ST and outputting a vibration waveform signal representing the vibration waveform. In this embodiment, a sensor similar to the electric piano described in Non-Patent Document 1 is employed as a vibration sensor VD. That is, a sensor capable of detecting the vertical vibration of the string is adopted as the vibration sensor VD. Furthermore, the electric piano GP includes a sound system SS and a musical tone signal generator SG. In addition, in FIG. 2, the roof LD, the strings ST, and the vibration sensor VD are omitted. Moreover, in FIG. 3, the roof LD is omitted.

The sound system SS includes conversion circuits DA _{x = 1 to} DA _{x = 16} for converting digital musical tone signals supplied from a musical tone signal generator SG described later into analog musical tone signals, and an amplifier circuit AM _x for amplifying the analog musical tone signals. A plurality of speakers SP _{x = 1} to SP _{x = 16} are provided which convert the amplified analog musical tone signal into an acoustic signal and emit the sound signal from _{1 to} AM _{x = 16} . The baffle plate BU of speaker SP _{x = 1} to speaker SP _{x = 8} is assembled to the side plate SB. The baffle plate BU is a plate-like member parallel to the horizontal plane. The speakers SP _{x = 1} to SP _{x = 8} are fitted in and fixed to the plurality of through holes formed in the baffle plate BU. The front of the speaker SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 8} is directed upward (roof LD). The speakers SP _{x = 1} , SP _{x = 3} , SP _{x = 4} , SP _{x = 2} are from left to right at the front end of the baffle plate BU (from the bass side to the treble side of the key of the keyboard device KY), It is arranged in order. In addition, the speakers SP _{x = 5} and SP _{x = 6} are arranged in this order from left to right in the front-rear direction central portion of the baffle plate BU. Further, the speakers SP _{x = 7} and SP _{x = 8} are arranged in this order from left to right at the rear end portion of the baffle plate BU. Further, the baffle plate BL of the speaker SP _{x = 9} to the speaker SP _{x = 16} is assembled to the side plate SB. The baffle plate BL is also a plate-like member parallel to the horizontal plane. The baffle plate BL is disposed below the baffle plate BU. Speakers SP _{x = 9} to SP _x SP ₁₆ are fitted in and fixed to the plurality of through holes in which the baffle plate BL is formed. The speaker SP _{x = 9} to the speaker SP _{x = 16} correspond to the speaker SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 8} , respectively. The speaker SP _{x = 9} to the speaker SP _{x = 16} are respectively disposed below the speaker SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 8} to which they correspond. The front of the speaker SP _{x = 9} to the speaker SP _{x = 16} is directed downward (the installation surface of the electric piano GP).

  On the upper surface of the baffle plate BU, a pair of pitch pins PP and tuning pins TP corresponding to each string ST, as in the acoustic grand piano, are attached. One end of each string ST is supported by the pitch pin PP, and the other end of each string ST is supported by the tuning pin TP. That is, each string ST is placed between the pitch pin PP and the tuning pin TP, and their pitches are set to predetermined pitches (“A0” to “C8”). In addition, each vibration sensor VD (for example, a piezoelectric sensor) is attached to the upper surface of the baffle plate BU. Each vibration sensor VD is disposed at a position corresponding to the position of each piece of the acoustic grand piano.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the musical tone signal generation device SG includes a setting operator 11, a computer unit 12, a display 13, a storage device 14, an external interface circuit 15, and a musical tone signal processing device 16, which are connected via a bus BS. Is connected. Each vibration sensor VD is also connected to the bus BS.

  The setting operator 11 is a switch corresponding to the on / off operation (for example, a ten key for inputting a numerical value), a volume or rotary encoder corresponding to the rotation operation, a volume or linear encoder corresponding to the slide operation, a mouse, a touch panel, etc. Become. The setting operator 11 is used, for example, when changing the volume. When the setting operator 11 is operated, operation information indicating the contents of the operation is supplied to the computer unit 12 described later via the bus BS.

  The computer unit 12 comprises a CPU 12a, a ROM 12b and a RAM 12c connected to the bus BS. The CPU 12a acquires, for example, the vibration waveform signal output from each vibration sensor VD, generates a digital musical tone signal (original signal) representing a musical tone based on the vibration waveform signal, and supplies it to the musical tone signal processing device 16. . Specifically, the CPU 12a represents the vibration of a predetermined portion (for example, the central portion) of the soundboard when a reference signal (impulse) is input to a predetermined piece (for example, the “A4” piece) of the acoustic grand piano. A convolution operation is performed on the response signal (impulse response) and the vibration waveform signal acquired from each vibration sensor VD. For example, the convolution operation is performed by inputting the vibration waveform signal to an FIR filter whose coefficients are determined in advance according to the impulse response. Then, the amplitude of the calculation result is increased or decreased according to the set value of the volume, and is supplied to the tone signal processing device 16 as the digital tone signal. Digital data representing the response signal is measured in advance and stored in the ROM 12b described later. In this embodiment, since the vibration sensor VD is configured to be able to detect the vertical vibration of the string, when recording the response signal, an impulse is applied in the height direction of the acoustic grand piano piece There is. For example, strike the top of the piece with an impulse hammer.

  The ROM 12b stores, in addition to a program defining the operation of the CPU 12a, various data such as initial setting parameters, graphic data for generating display data representing an image to be displayed on the display 13, and character data. . For example, digital data representing the response signal described above is stored in the ROM 12b. The RAM 12 c temporarily stores data necessary for executing various programs.

  The display 13 is configured of a liquid crystal display (LCD). Display data representing contents to be displayed is supplied from the computer unit 12 to the display 13. The display 13 displays an image based on the display data supplied from the computer unit 12. For example, the current volume value is displayed.

  The storage device 14 is configured of a large-capacity non-volatile storage medium such as an HDD, an FDD, a CD, and a DVD, and a drive unit corresponding to each storage medium. The external interface circuit 15 includes a connection terminal that enables the electric piano GP to be connected to an external device such as another electronic music apparatus or a personal computer. The electronic piano GP can also be connected to a communication network such as a LAN (Local Area Network) or the Internet via the external interface circuit 15.

The musical tone signal processing device 16 includes a distributing circuit DV and musical tone signal processing circuits DG _{x = 1} to musical tone signal processing circuits DG _{x = 16} . The distribution circuit DV supplies the digital musical tone signal (original signal) supplied from the CPU 12 a to a predetermined one of musical tone signal processing circuits DG _{x = 1 to} DG _{x = 16} described later. Distribution circuit DV stores a supply destination information indicating whether to supply to any of the tone signal processing circuit DG _x each digital tone signal. Distribution circuit DV in accordance with the supply destination information, the digital musical tone signal is supplied to a predetermined tone signal processing circuit DG _x. For example, when a digital musical tone signal corresponding to a low-pitched string ST (for example, "B3" or less) is supplied from the CPU 12a, the distribution circuit DV converts the musical tone signal into a musical tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 1} , DG _{x The} signal is supplied to: _{= 3} , DG _{x = 5} , DG _{x = 7} and tone signal processing circuits DG _{x = 9} , DG _{x = 11} , DG _{x = 13} , DG _{x = 15} . Also, when a digital musical tone signal corresponding to a high-pitched string ST (for example, "C4" or higher) is supplied, the distribution circuit DV converts the musical tone signal into a musical tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 2} , DG _{x = 4} , The signal is supplied to DGx _{= 6} , DGx _{= 8} and the tone signal processing circuit DGx _{= 10} , DGx _{= 12} , DGx _{= 14} , DGx _{= 16} .

The tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 1, 2,..., 16} correspond to the speakers SP _{x = 1, 2} ,. That is, the tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 1} to the tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 16} are signals for driving the speaker SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 16} (supplied to the conversion circuit DA _x of the sound system SS Digital musical tone signals). Each musical tone signal processing circuit DG _x has a band pass filter BP _{x, m = 1} to a band pass filter BP _{x, m = 12} , a phase shift circuit PS _{x, m = 1} to a phase shift circuit PS _{x, m = 12} , a buffer BF _{x, m = 1} to buffer BF _{x, m = 12,} buffer BFR _x and a summing circuit SUM _x .

The band pass filter BP _{x, m} corresponds to each vibration mode m = 1, 2,..., 12 of the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano. In general, the soundboard of an acoustic grand piano is known to have a plurality of vibration modes (Fletcher, N. H., Rossing, T. D, Kishi Kenji, Kubota Hidemi, Yoshikawa Shigeru, "Physics of an Instrument"', Maruzen Publishing Co., Ltd., October 2002, p. 380-p. 381). The characteristics (each natural frequency and each vibration form) of each vibration mode of the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano are, for example, vibrate the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano by the vibrator, and at each vibration frequency, This can be obtained by measuring the amplitude and phase of the portion corresponding to the position where the speakers SP _{x = 1 to} SP _{x = 8} are arranged in the baffle plate BU. The vibration form means the position, amplitude, phase and the like of the nodes and antinodes of the vibration. Also, the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of each part of the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano may be determined by numerical analysis (for example, finite element analysis). In the present embodiment, the number of vibration modes is “12”, but the number of vibration modes may be changed according to the characteristics of the acoustic grand piano to be simulated.

Each band pass filter BP _{x, m} passes only the frequency component included in a specific frequency band among the frequency components constituting the digital musical tone signal supplied from the distribution circuit DV. In the present embodiment, the vibration of each portion in each vibration mode of the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano is regarded as a lumped constant system. For example, in a vibration mode in which two parts of the sound board vibrate respectively, it is considered that the sound board's vibration is equivalent to the vibration of two mass points supported via a spring and a damper. The order of the transfer function of each band pass filter BP _{x, m} is “2”. The center frequency of the pass band of each band pass filter BP _{x, m} coincides with each natural frequency (frequency of each vibration mode m) of the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano. In addition, the amplitude characteristics (gain, sharpness, etc.) of the band pass filter BP _{x, m} are in accordance with the amplitude characteristics of the portion of the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano that corresponds to the position where the speaker SP _x is disposed. The result of superposing the amplitude characteristics of the band pass filter BP _{x, m = 1} to the band pass filter BP _{x, m = 12 in} the musical tone signal processing circuit DG _x is substantially flat in the audible band (for example, maximum and minimum The difference in value is set to be within 1 dB).

Phase shift circuit PS _{x. m} is a portion of the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano, and changes the phase of the output of the band pass filter BP _{x, m} according to the phase characteristic of the portion corresponding to the position where the speaker SP _x is disposed. In the present embodiment, in order to simplify the structure of each tone signal processing circuit DG _x, it is simplified phase characteristics of each section of the sound board of an acoustic grand piano. That is, each tone signal processing circuit DG _x sets the phase at each natural frequency of each part of the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano to the closer one of “0 °” and “180 ° (or −180 °)”, Set the phase of the other frequency bands to "0 °". The phase information simplified as described above is stored in the ROM 12b as a table TGP (see FIGS. 6A and 6B). That is, the table TGP is preset based on the characteristics of the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano obtained by measurement or calculation, and is stored in the ROM 12 b. The table TGP includes not only the phase but also information on the amplitude. The table TGP is commonly used in both the 2-channel mode and the 4-channel mode. In the table TGP, “P” represents that the phase is “0 °”, and “N” represents that the phase is “180 ° (or −180 °)”. Also, “0” represents that the amplitude is “0”. As described above, the speaker SP _{x = 9} to the speaker SP _{x = 16} are respectively disposed below the speaker SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 8} , and the direction of the speaker SP _{x = 9 to} SP _{x = 16} and the speaker The directions of SP _{x = 1 to} SP _{x = 8} are opposite. Therefore, in the table TGP, the setting regarding the phase of the speaker SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 8 and} the setting regarding the phase of the speaker SP _{x = 9} to the speaker SP _{x = 16} are reversed.

The phase shift circuit PS _{x, m} refers to the column specified by the values of “x” and “m” in the table TGP. When the value of the column referred to is “P” or “0”, the phase shift circuit PS _{x, m} outputs the output signal of the band pass filter BP _{x, m} as it is. On the other hand, when the value of the column referred to is “N”, the phase shift circuit PS _{x, m} inverts the sign (plus or minus) of the amplitude of the output signal of the band pass filter BP _{x, m} and outputs it. .

The buffer BF _{x, m} is connected to the phase shift circuit PS _{x, m} . The buffer BF _{x, m} refers to the column specified by the values of “x” and “m” in the table TGP. Refer to table TGP. When the value of the referred column is “P” or “N”, the buffer BF _{x, m} outputs the output signal of the phase shift circuit PS _{x, m} as it is. On the other hand, when the value of the referred column is “0”, the buffer BF _{x, m} sets the amplitude of the output signal of the phase shift circuit PS _{x, m} to “0”.

The buffer BFR _x is connected to the distribution circuit DV. The buffer BFR _x outputs the tone signal supplied from the distribution circuit DV as it is. That is, the buffer BFR _x constitutes a bypass circuit.

Summing circuit SUM _x is a buffer _{BF x, m = 1} ~ buffer _{BF x, m = 12} output signal, and by adding the output signal of the buffer BFR _x, and supplies to the conversion circuit DA _x.

In the electric piano GP configured as described above, the response signal when the reference signal is input to the predetermined portion of the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano is stored. Then, the digital musical tone signal (original signal) is generated by convolving the vibration waveform signal of the string and the response signal. Moreover, the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano is simulated by arranging and fixing the speakers SP _{x = 1 to} SP _{x = 16} in the baffle plate BU and the baffle plate BL. And the phase of speaker SPx _{= 1-} SPx _{= 16} was determined based on the characteristic (vibration mode) of the sound board of the acoustic grand piano acquired by measurement or calculation (simulation). Therefore, according to the electric piano GP, it is possible to generate musical tones that sound as rich as the acoustic grand piano. In addition, the listener of the performance of the electric piano GP gets a sense of presence as when listening to the performance of the acoustic grand piano, and the listening range (listening area) in which the sense of presence is well obtained is better than that of the conventional electric piano. Can also be expanded.

Second Embodiment
Next, an electric piano UP according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The shape of the case of the electric piano UP is the same as the shape of the case of the acoustic upright piano, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. Electrical piano UP has the top plate TB, bottom plate BB, right plate SB _R and the left plate SB _L, the front plate FB and the rear plate RB. Further, a keyboard device KY and a pedal device PD, which are similar to the acoustic upright piano, are attached to the housing of the electric piano UP. Further, a sound system SS and a tone signal generator SG are assembled. Further, like the electric piano GP of the first embodiment, the electric piano UP includes a plurality of strings ST, a plurality of vibration sensors VD, a sound system SS, and a musical tone signal generation device SG.

The sound system SS comprises conversion circuits DA _{x = 1 to} DA _{x = 10} , amplification circuits AM _{x = 1 to} AM _{x = 10} for amplifying the analog tone signal, and the amplified analog tone signal to be converted into an acoustic signal. A plurality of speakers SP _{x = 1} to speakers SP _{x = 10} are provided to emit sound. Speakers SP _{x = 1} to SP _x SP ₆ are fitted in and fixed to the plurality of through holes formed in the front plate FB. The front of the speaker SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 6} is directed to the front (the player side). The speakers SP _{x = 1} , SP _{x = 3} , and SP _{x = 5} are fixed to the left end of the front plate FB. The speaker SP _{x = 1} is located below the keyboard device KY. The speaker SP _{x = 3} is located above the keyboard device KY. The speaker SP _{x = 5} is located below and to the right of the speaker SP _{x = 1} . The speakers SP _{x = 2} , SP _{x = 4} , and SP _{x = 6} are fixed to the right end of the front plate FB. The speaker SP _{x = 2} is located below the keyboard device KY. The speaker SP _{x = 4} is located above the keyboard device KY. The speaker SP _{x = 6} is located below and to the left of the speaker SP _{x = 2} . Further, the speaker SP _{x = 7} and the speaker SP _{x = 8} are fitted in and fixed to the through holes formed in the top plate TB. The front of the speaker SP _{x = 7} and the speaker SP _{x = 8} is directed upward. The speaker SP _{x = 7} is fixed to the left end of the top plate TB. The speaker SP _{x = 8} is fixed to the right end of the top plate TB. Further, the speaker SP _{x = 9} and the speaker SP _{x = 10} are fitted in and fixed to the through holes formed in the rear plate RB. The front of the speaker SP _{x = 9} and the speaker SP _{x = 10} is directed rearward. The speaker SP _{x = 9} is fixed to the left end of the back plate RB. The speaker SP _{x = 10} is fixed to the right end of the back plate RB. The speaker SP _{x = 9} and the speaker SP _{x = 10} are located behind the speaker SP _{x = 3} and the speaker SP _{x = 4} .

The configuration of the musical tone signal generation device SG is the same as that of the first embodiment. However, in the present embodiment, since the number of speakers is ten, the musical tone signal processing device PP includes the musical tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 1} to the musical tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 10} . The distribution circuit DV supplies the digital musical tone signal (original signal) supplied from the CPU 12a to a predetermined one of the musical tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 1} to the musical tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 10} . For example, when a digital musical tone signal corresponding to a low-pitched string ST (for example, "B3" or less) is supplied from the CPU 12a, the distribution circuit DV converts the musical tone signal into a musical tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 1} , DG _{x 3 = 3} , DG _{x = 5} , DG _{x = 7} , DG _{x = 9} is supplied. Also, when a digital musical tone signal corresponding to a high-pitched string ST (for example, "C4" or higher) is supplied, the distribution circuit DV converts the musical tone signal into a musical tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 2} , DG _{x = 4} , Supply DG _{x = 6} , DG _{x = 8} , DG _{x = 10} .

The band pass filter BP _{x, m} corresponds to each vibration mode m = 1, 2,..., 12 of the soundboard of the acoustic upright piano. In general, it is known that a soundboard of an acoustic uplight piano has a plurality of vibration modes. The characteristics of each vibration mode of the soundboard of the acoustic upright piano can be obtained by measurement or calculation as in the first embodiment. Although the number of vibration modes is “12” in the present embodiment, the number of vibration modes may be changed according to the characteristics of the acoustic upright piano to be simulated. Further, in the present embodiment, a table TUP shown in FIG. 9 is used instead of the table TGP. The table TUP is set similarly to the table TGP. That is, it is preset based on the acquired characteristic of the acoustic upright piano. The table TUP is stored in the ROM 12b.

  The same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained by the electronic piano UP configured as described above. That is, according to the electronic piano UP, it is possible to generate musical tones that sound as rich as the acoustic upright piano. Moreover, the listener of the performance of the electronic piano UP can obtain a sense of presence as when listening to the performance of the acoustic uplight piano, and the listening range (listening area) where the sense of presence is well obtained can be It can be expanded more.

Third Embodiment
Next, an electric drum set DS according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 10, the electric drum set DS has electronic pads DPi _{= 1} , DPi _{= 2} ,..., DPi _{= 8} and a tone signal generator SG. Each electronic pad DP _{i = 1, 2,..., 8} is a device simulating each acoustic drum (a snare drum, a kick drum, a tom, a high hat, a cymbal, etc.) constituting an acoustic drum set.

The configuration of each electronic pad DP _{i = 1, 2,..., 8} is similar. The electronic pad DP _i comprises a strike device BA and a sound system SS. The striking device BA detects a striking surface portion struck with a drum stick, a brush or the like, and an aspect (vibration waveform) of vibration of the striking surface portion, and outputs a striking signal representing the detected aspect of vibration. It has VD. The configuration of the sound system SS is the same as that of the sound system SS of the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

For example, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIGS. 12A and 12B, the striking surface portion of the striking device BA of the electronic pad DPi _{= 1} of the snare drum type simulates the film surface of the snare drum. The vibration sensor VD is assembled at the center of the back surface of the striking surface. The vibration sensor VD is formed, for example, in a disk shape. Further, the sound system SS of the electronic pad DP _{i = 1} includes the substantially cylindrical body portion BD and the disk-shaped baffle plates BU and BL. The speaker SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 4} are fitted in and fixed to the through holes formed in the baffle plate BU. The speakers SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 4} are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the baffle plate BU. Further, the speaker SP _{x = 5} to the speaker SP _{x = 8} are fitted and fixed in the through holes formed in the baffle plate BL. The speakers SP _{x = 5} to the speakers SP _{x = 9} are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the baffle plate BL. The baffle plate BU is attached to the upper end (one opening) of the body portion BD. The baffle plate BL is attached to the lower end (the other opening) of the body portion BD. The speaker SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 4} is directed upward, and the speaker SP _{x = 5} to the speaker SP _{x = 8} is directed downward. The speaker SP _{x = 5} to the speaker SP _{x = 8} are located below the speaker SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 4} , respectively. The conversion circuit DA _{x = 1} to the conversion circuit DA _{x = 8} and the amplification circuit AM _{x = 1} to the amplification circuit AM _{x = 8} are supported by a support member provided on the inner peripheral surface of the body portion BD. And, the playing device BA is attached to the body portion BD so as to be superimposed on the baffle plate BU.

Further, for example, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the striking surface portion of the striking device BA of the cymbal-type electronic pad DP _{i = 2} simulates the bell portion, the bow portion, the cup portion or the like of the cymbal. The vibration sensor VD is assembled on the back surface of the striking surface portion. The vibration sensor VD is formed, for example, in an arc shape. The electronic pad DP _{i = 2} sound system SS includes a deep dish case CA and a disc baffle plate BU. The speaker SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 8} are fitted in and fixed to the through holes formed in the baffle plate BU. The speakers SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 8} are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the baffle plate BU. The baffle plate BU is attached to the upper end (opening) of the case CA. The speaker SP _{x = 1} to the speaker SP _{x = 8} are directed upward. The conversion circuit DA _{x = 1} to the conversion circuit DA _{x = 8} and the amplification circuit AM _{x = 1} to the amplification circuit AM _{x = 8} are supported by a support member provided in the case CA. The striking device BA is attached to the case CA so as to be superimposed on the baffle plate BU.

The configuration of the musical tone signal generation device SG is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment and the second embodiment. In the present embodiment, the tone signal generating device SG, as shown in FIG. 15, for each electronic pad DP _i, comprises a tone signal processing device 16. Hereinafter, the title of the musical tone signal processing device 16 for an electronic pad DP _i tone signal processing device ₁₆ and _(i). CPU12a acquires vibration waveform signal outputted from the vibration sensor VD of the electronic pad DP _i, the vibration on the basis of the waveform signal, the tone signal processing device 16 generates a digital musical tone signal (original signal) representing the tone _{( i)} supply. Specifically, CPU 12a is a predetermined portion of said striking surface when inputting the reference signal (pulse) at a predetermined position of the striking surface acoustic drum electronic pads PD _i is to be imitated (eg center) (e.g. The response signal (impulse response) representing the vibration of the middle portion and the peripheral portion of the hitting surface is convolutionally calculated with the vibration waveform signal acquired from the vibration sensor VD. That is, in the snare drum and the bass drum, the film and the cylinder are regarded as a vibrating body, and the film is regarded as a vibration source. When a reference signal is input to a predetermined position (for example, the center of a film) of the vibrator, vibration of a predetermined portion of the hitting surface (for example, a portion located between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the hitting surface) A response signal (impulse response) is stored. Also, in cymbal, cymbal itself is a vibrating body and is regarded as a vibration source. Then, when a reference signal is input to a predetermined position of the vibrator (for example, a portion located between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the cymbal), a predetermined portion of the hitting surface (for example, the predetermined input) A response signal (impulse response) is stored which represents the vibration of a portion (intermediate portion between the central portion and the peripheral portion) of cymbals which differ from the position in the circumferential direction. Then, the amplitude of the calculation result is increased or decreased according to the set value of the volume, and is supplied to the musical tone signal processing device 16 _(i) as the digital musical tone signal.

The distribution circuit DV of the musical tone signal processing device 16 _(i) supplies the digital musical tone signal supplied from the CPU 12a to the musical tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 1, 2} ,. That is, in the present embodiment, the same digital musical tone signal is supplied to all the musical tone signal processing circuits DG _{x = 1, 2,... Of} the musical tone signal processing device 16 _(i) .

The configuration of the tone signal processing circuit DG _{x = 1, 2,... Of} the tone signal processing device 16 _(i) is the same as that of the first embodiment and the second embodiment. However, in the musical tone signal processing device 16 _(i) , tables TDP _{i = 1, 2,... As} shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 are used instead of the tables TGP and TUP. Generally, it is known that the strike face of an acoustic drum has a plurality of vibration modes. The table TDP _i is preset and stored in the ROM 12 b based on the characteristics of the vibration mode of the striking face portion of the acoustic drum that the electronic pad DP _i is to simulate.

  Also by the electric drum set DS configured as described above, the same effect as the first embodiment and the second embodiment can be obtained. That is, according to the electric drum set DS, it is possible to generate musical tones that sound as rich as the acoustic drum set. In addition, the listener of the performance of the electric drum set DS can obtain a sense of presence as when listening to the performance of the acoustic drum set, and the listening range (listening area) where the sense of presence is well obtained can be It can be expanded more than a set.

  Furthermore, the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the object of the present invention.

  For example, the electric piano GP, the electric piano UP, and the electric drum set DS can remove signal components resulting from the electrical characteristics of the vibration sensor VD from the vibration waveform signal, as in the electric musical instrument described in Japanese Patent No. 5573263 It is good to be configured.

In the above embodiment, in an acoustic musical instrument, a portion that vibrates during sound generation (a string, a frame, a sound board, a side plate, etc. in the case of a piano; a membrane and a shell, etc. in the case of a percussion instrument) When a reference signal is input to a predetermined part (one place) of the vibrator of the musical instrument, the vibration of the predetermined part (one place) of the vibrator is stored as a response signal. Specifically, in the case of the embodiment of the electric piano, the vibration of a predetermined position of the soundboard when input to the soundboard (piece) is stored as a response signal. Further, in the case of a percussion instrument, the vibration at the peripheral portion of the film (for example, the position corresponding to the arrangement of the speakers of the electric drum) when input to the striking point (almost center) at the time of playing the film is stored as a response signal. Then, the response signal is convoluted with the vibration waveform signals respectively output from the plurality of vibration sensors VD included in the electric musical instrument. However, vibrations at a plurality of locations of the vibrator may be stored as a response signal. For example, a reference signal is sequentially input to each portion of the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano which corresponds to the portion where the vibration sensor VD of the soundboard in the electric piano GP is disposed. Then, each time a reference signal is input, each portion of the soundboard of the acoustic grand piano corresponds to a portion where the speakers SP _{x = 1, 2,..., 16} in the electric piano GP are arranged. The vibration of the part is stored as a response signal. That is, in this case, 16 response signals (response signals respectively corresponding to the speakers SP _{x = 1, 2... 16} ) are stored for each vibration sensor VD. Then, the CPU 12a respectively convolutes the vibration waveform signal output from one vibration sensor VD and the 16 response signals corresponding to the vibration sensor VD. Thus, sixteen tone signals (original signals) are generated for each string ST. A musical tone signal corresponding to the speaker SP _x , which is a musical tone signal generated for the string ST, will be referred to as "a musical tone signal M _{ST, x} ". Distribution circuit DV, as shown in FIG. 18, of the tone signal _{M ST, x,} tone signal _{M ST} whose value common _"x", by superimposing adding _x, supplies the tone signal processing circuit DG _x . According to this, the tone of the acoustic instrument can be simulated more faithfully.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment is an example which applied this invention to the electric piano and the electric drum set, it is applicable also to another electric musical instrument. For example, the present invention can be applied to an electric guitar, an electric violin, and the like.

Further, in the above embodiment, the phase shift circuit PS _{x, m} determines whether to invert the sign of the amplitude of the output signal of the band pass filter BP _{x, m} according to the table TGP (TUP, TDP _i ). . However, instead of this, the phase shift amount is stored as a table TGP (TUP, TDP _i ), and the phase shift circuit PS _{x, m} outputs the output signal of the band pass filter BP _{x, m} according to the phase shift amount. You may change the phase of.

  Moreover, although the example which employ | adopted the vibration sensor which directly detects a vibration as a detection means in this invention was described, it is not restricted to this. The vibration sensor VD in the first embodiment and the second embodiment can detect only the vibration in the direction (first axial direction) parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pitch pin PP and the tuning pin TP. However, a vibration sensor VD capable of detecting vibrations in the third axial direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (second axial direction) of the chord ST and the first axial direction and the second axial direction is adopted. It is also good. In addition to the first axial direction, a sensor capable of detecting vibration in any one of the second axial direction and the third axial direction may be employed. In this case, the CPU 12a may superimpose and add three (or two) axial vibration waveforms and supply the resultant to the distribution circuit DV. Further, the impulse response in each axial direction is measured (or calculated), and the CPU 12a generates three digital musical tone waveform signals by convolving the vibration waveform signal in each axial direction with the impulse response in each axial direction. They may be superimposed and added to the distribution circuit DV.

In addition, although a piezoelectric sensor has been exemplified as a sensor for detecting vibration, the detection form is not limited to this. For example, the vibration of a film surface of a drum may be optically detected by a photo reflector, or vibration may be The form is not limited as long as it can be detected. Further, for example, the number of speakers SP _x of each electric instrument, orientation, form of arrangement of the position or the like is not limited to the above embodiment, it is sufficient to obtain a tone signal in accordance with the arrangement of the speakers. However, it is desirable that each electric musical instrument comprises at least four speakers.

11: setting operator, 12: computer unit, 13: display, 14: storage device, 15: external interface circuit, 16: tone signal processing device, AM _x · · ·・ Amplifier circuit, BA: Percussion apparatus, BFR _x: Buffer, BF _{x, m:} Buffer, BP _{x, m:} Band pass filter, DA _x: Conversion circuit, DG _x ··· · · Tone signal processing circuit, DP _i · · · Electronic pad, DS · · · Electric drum set, DV · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · electric piano, m · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · vibration mode , PS _{x, m:} phase shift circuit, SG: tone signal generator, SP _x: speaker, SS: sound system, SUM _x: summing circuit, TDP _i , TGP, TUP, · · Table, UP ... electricity Ano

Claims (5)

A vibration source that is operated and vibrated,
Detection means for detecting the vibration of the vibration source and outputting a vibration waveform signal representing a vibration waveform;
Original signal generating means for generating an original signal representing a musical tone by convoluting the vibration waveform signal and a response signal when a predetermined reference signal is input to the vibrator of the acoustic musical instrument;
With multiple speakers,
And a plurality of tone signal processing means respectively provided corresponding to the plurality of speakers and processing the original signal to generate tone signals according to the arrangement positions of the speakers, respectively.
A musical instrument in which frequency characteristics of the plurality of tone signal processing means are respectively set based on each natural frequency and each vibration form of a vibrating body of the acoustic musical instrument. In the musical instrument according to claim 1,
The musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the response signal is a signal representing a vibration waveform of a second portion of the vibrating body when the predetermined reference signal is input to the first portion of the vibrating body of the acoustic musical instrument. In the musical instrument according to claim 1 or 2,
The musical tone signal processing means comprises a plurality of band pass filters and a plurality of phase shift circuits provided corresponding to each natural frequency of the vibrating body of the acoustic musical instrument,
An instrument, wherein phase characteristics of the plurality of phase shift circuits are set based on each vibration form of the instrument. The musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
A musical instrument, wherein the original signal is supplied to any one or more of the plurality of tone signal processing means based on preset destination information. The musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The musical tone signal processing means further includes bypass means for outputting the original signal as the musical tone signal.

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