JP6502287B2 - Pile and pile installation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pile and a method of installing the pile.

  Conventionally, a helical blade member is attached to the circumferential surface near the tip of a pile that is buried in the ground, and a propulsive force by the blade member is obtained by applying rotational force to the pile by a construction machine installed on the ground. The screw-in pile method has been widely used to facilitate the burying of piles. There exists a thing of patent document 1 as an example of the screw-in pile used for such a construction method. The pile with a spiral blade of Patent Document 1 is formed by connecting a tip member having a spiral blade and a cylindrical steel pipe by a fitting portion and a hook-like member.

  There is a thing of patent documents 2 as an example which used a pile tip member which has a spiral blade for construction of cast-in-place pile. In the technique described in Patent Document 2, a shoe for forming a pile hole is attached to a tip end of a rod, and the material is formed in a pile hole formed while being pressed into a predetermined depth in the ground by the pressing force of the rod. After filling, the shoe is separated from the tip end of the rod and left in the pile hole, and by reciprocating the rod while pulling out the rod, the packing material is compacted sequentially from the bottom of the pile hole and the underground pile It is a formation method of the underground pile to form. That is, a cone-shaped shoe is used to form a pile hole, and a screw is formed on the conical side surface of the conical shoe to facilitate entry into the ground (Patent Document 1) 2 (C) of 2).

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2003-27467 Patent No. 3144767 gazette

However, the thing of patent document 1 had the problem that the material cost of a steel pipe becomes high since the tip member of a pile and a cylindrical steel pipe are the same diameter. On the other hand, in the case of Patent Document 2, since the screw is formed on the conical side surface, the shape of the shoe becomes complicated, and there is a problem that the cost required for manufacturing increases.
Then, this invention makes it the objective to reduce the manufacturing cost of a pile.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the first aspect of the present invention is defined as follows.
That is, a tip member having a columnar main body,
A pile having a rod-shaped member extending in the axial direction of the main body from a portion near the center of the axial rear end side surface of the main body,
It is a pile in which the cross-sectional area of the rod-shaped member in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the main body in the same direction.

  According to the pile defined in the first aspect, the cross-sectional area of the rod-like member axially extending from the vicinity of the center of the axially rear end side surface of the main body of the tip member is smaller than the cross sectional area of the main body of the tip member By doing this, the amount of material used can be reduced compared to the steel pipe of Patent Document 1, and therefore the manufacturing cost of the pile can be reduced. In this case, although there is a possibility that the frictional resistance of the rod-like member may decrease, the diameter of the tip member may be set so as to complement the amount of the decrease by the peripheral surface of the tip member. That is, since the tip end member has a columnar main body portion, it is possible to exert a frictional resistance on the circumferential surface thereof. The shape of the main body of the tip member may be any shape such as a cylindrical shape, a polygonal column (a square column, an octagon column, or an H-shaped cross section).

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the pile, the cross-sectional area of the main body of the tip member in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction is constant in the axial direction, and the cross-sectional area of the rod-like member with respect to the cross-sectional area of the main body Ratio is in the range of 0.005 to 0.79. By doing this, it is possible to effectively exert the axial supporting force as the whole pile while effectively exerting the above-described cost reduction effect.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the pile, the cross-sectional area of the main body in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction changes in the axial direction, and the cross-sectional area of the rod-like member with respect to the largest cross-sectional area of the main body The ratio is in the range of 0.005 to 0.79. By doing this, it is possible to effectively exert the axial supporting force as the whole pile while effectively exerting the above-described cost reduction effect.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the pile described above, the tip end member has a wing member which is erected on the circumferential surface of the main body and extends along a spiral shape. Therefore, as compared with the case where a screw is formed on the conical side as in Patent Document 2 described above, the manufacture of the tip member is easier, and as a result, the manufacturing cost of the entire pile can be reduced.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the pile, the tip end side of the main body portion is formed in a circular shape, and the distance from the circumferential surface of the main body portion to the outer peripheral edge of the blade member with respect to the radius of the circular shape. The ratio is in the range of 0.48 to 2.61.
The axial support force per unit area of the body portion of the tip member is estimated to be about twice the axial support force per unit area of the blade members. Therefore, by using the above-mentioned dimensional ratio, the propelling force by the blade member can be sufficiently exhibited, while the axial supporting force by the main body portion of the tip member can be effectively exhibited.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the pile further includes a flat plate-like digging blade provided on the axial direction distal end side of the main body portion. According to such a configuration, it is possible to more efficiently insert the pile into the ground by rotating the pile.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the pile further includes a lid member installed on the rod-like member side of the tip member, and the digging blade is with respect to the surface of the lid member opposite to the rod-like member. Contact or stick. According to such a configuration, it is possible to improve the bending resistance of the lid member, thereby suppressing the deformation of the lid member. Alternatively, as in the eighth aspect of the present invention, the pile is fixed to the end of the end member on the side of the lid member installed on the side of the rod-like member and on the side of the lid member opposite to the rod-like member; The reinforcing member for reinforcing the member may be further provided, and with this configuration, the same effect as that of the seventh aspect can be achieved.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pile installation method for installing the pile in the ground,
Engaging a tubular guide with the body portion;
Rotating the pile by rotating the guide to bring the pile into the ground.
According to such a method, a pile can be embedded in the ground efficiently and stably by using a cylindrical guide. The shape of the guide may be cylindrical, polygonal cylindrical (square prism, octagonal prism, etc.) and others.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, the pile installation method further includes the step of injecting a filler into the internal space of the hole formed by the entering step. According to this, the soil around the pile can be improved.

  According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, the pile installation method further includes the step of constructing a concrete structure in the internal space of the hole formed by the entering step. According to this, it is possible to construct a cast-in-place pile whose core is a rod-like member.

  According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the method of installing the pile further includes a step of pulling out while rotating the guide in the reverse direction after the step of entering, the guide being helical on its circumferential surface It has a wing member. With such a configuration, it is possible to pull out the guide while compacting the excavated soil and filling material inside the hole with the blade members of the guide.

FIG. 1-A is a front view schematically showing a pile according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1-B is a right side view of the pile shown in FIG. 1-A viewed in the direction of arrow IB. FIG. 1-C is a left side view of the pile shown in FIG. 1-A viewed in the direction of arrow IC. FIG. 1-D is a top view looking at the pile shown in FIG. 1-A in the direction of the arrow ID. FIG. 1-E is a bottom view of the pile shown in FIG. 1-A viewed in the direction of arrow IE. FIG. 1-F is a rear view of the pile shown in FIG. 1-B viewed in the direction of arrow IF. FIG. 1-G is a fragmentary sectional view showing the pile shown to FIG. 1-E along an alternate long and short dash line IG-IG. 1-H is a fragmentary sectional view showing the pile shown to FIG. 1-E along an alternate long and short dash line IH-IH. FIG. 2: is schematic which shows the construction example of the pile which concerns on 1st Embodiment. FIG. 3-A is a front view schematically showing a pile according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3-B is a right side view of the pile shown in FIG. 3-A as viewed in the direction of arrow IIIB. FIG. 3-C is a left side view of the stake shown in FIG. 3-A as viewed in the direction of arrow IIIC. FIG. 3-D is a top view looking at the stake shown in FIG. 3-A in the direction of arrow IIID. FIG. 3-E is a bottom view of the pile shown in FIG. 3-A as viewed in the direction of arrow IIIE. FIG. 3-F is a rear view of the pile shown in FIG. 3-B as viewed in the direction of arrow IIIF. FIG. 4-A is an explanatory view showing a method of engaging a guide with a pile according to a second embodiment. FIG. 4-B is an explanatory view showing a state in which the guide is engaged with the pile of FIG. 4-A. Drawing 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of construction of a pile concerning a 2nd embodiment. FIG. 6-A is a front view schematically showing a pile according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6-B is a right side view of the pile shown in FIG. 6-A seen in the direction of arrow VIB. 6-C is a left side view of the pile shown in FIG. 6-A as viewed in the direction of arrow VIC. 6-D is a top view of the pile shown in FIG. 6-A viewed in the direction of the arrow VID. FIG. 6-E is a bottom view of the pile shown in FIG. 6-A viewed in the direction of arrow VIE. 6-F is a rear view of the pile shown in FIG. 6-B as viewed in the direction of arrow VIF. FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing another construction example using the pile according to the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a guide according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a stake according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a stake according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a guide according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a guide according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a guide according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing a stake and a guide according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a stake and a guide according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing a stake and a guide according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing a stake and a guide according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing a stake and a guide according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing a stake and a guide according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing a method of filling the solidified material into the space formed around the pile in an example of the method of installing a pile according to the present invention. FIG. 21-A is a partial cross-sectional view of a stake according to a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 21-B is another partial cross-sectional view of the stake according to the sixteenth embodiment. FIG. 22-A is a partial cross-sectional view of a stake according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 22-B is another partial cross-sectional view of the stake according to the seventeenth embodiment. FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view of a stake according to an eighteenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 24-A is a bottom view of a pile according to a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 24-B is a partial cross-sectional view showing the pile of FIG. 24-A along dashed-dotted line XXIVB-XXIVB. FIG. 24-C is a partial cross-sectional view showing the pile of FIG. 24-A along a dashed dotted line XXIVC-XXIVC. FIG. 25 is a diagram schematically illustrating a stake according to a twentieth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 26 is a diagram schematically illustrating a stake according to a twenty-first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 27 is a diagram schematically illustrating a stake according to a twenty-second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 28 is a schematic view of a stake according to a twenty-third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 29 is a diagram schematically illustrating a stake according to a twenty-fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 30 schematically shows a stake according to a twenty-fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 31 is a schematic view of a pile according to a modification of the present invention. FIG. 32 is a view schematically showing an integral construction of the rod member, the digging blade, and the projection of the pile of FIG. 31. FIG. 33 is a diagram schematically illustrating a stake according to a twenty-sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 34 is a diagram schematically illustrating a guide according to a twenty-sixth embodiment. FIG. 35 is a view for explaining a method of attaching the guide of FIG. 34 to the pile of FIG. FIG. 36 is a view for explaining a method of attaching the guide and the pile of the twenty-sixth embodiment to a construction machine. FIG. 37 is a perspective view schematically showing a holder according to a twenty-sixth embodiment. FIG. 38 is a view for explaining the method for attaching the guide and pile of the twenty-sixth embodiment to the holder. FIG. 39 is a schematic view showing an example of construction of a pile according to a twenty-sixth embodiment. FIG. 40 is a schematic view showing a pile according to a twenty-seventh embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 40 (A) is a perspective view, and FIG. 40 (B) is a plan view showing an upper end of rod members of the pile. FIG. 41A is a front view showing a holder according to a twenty-seventh embodiment. 41B is a bottom view of the holder of FIG. 41A as seen in the direction of arrow XXXXIB. 41C is a perspective view schematically showing the holder of FIG. 41A. FIG. 42 is an explanatory view for explaining a method of attaching a pile and a guide according to a twenty-seventh embodiment to a holder. FIG. 43 is an explanatory view showing a construction example according to a twenty-seventh embodiment.

First Embodiment
First, a pile 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1-A to 1-H. The pile 10 which concerns on this embodiment is steel, and as shown to 6 surface views of FIGS. 1-A-1-F, it consists of the tip member 20 and the rod-shaped member 30. As shown in FIG. The tip member 20 has a cylindrical main body portion 21 and blade members 22 which are provided upright on the circumferential surface of the main body portion 21 and extend along a spiral shape. The lower end of the blade member 22 acts as a cutting blade. The distal end member 20 further has a disc-like lid member 23 on the rear end side in the axial direction, and a plate-like digging blade 24 on the distal end side. In the present embodiment, the blade members 22 are continuous. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The blade members 22 may have a shape having a cut in the middle or a discontinuous shape having a divided portion.

The rod-like member 30 is connected to a portion near the center of the lid member 23 of the tip member 20 and extends in the axial direction of the main body 21 of the tip member 20. In addition, although the cross-sectional shape of the rod-shaped member 30 was made circular in this embodiment, this invention is not limited to this, and polygons, such as a square, an ellipse, etc. are arbitrary.
In the above configuration, the cross-sectional area (π × x ² in FIG. 1D) of the rod-like member 30 in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the main body 21 is the cross-sectional area of the main body 21 (π × y ² in the same drawing) It is smaller than). In the present invention, when referring to the cross-sectional area of the rod-shaped member 30 and the cross-sectional area of the main body portion 21, regardless of whether the rod-shaped member 30 and the main body portion 21 are hollow or solid, We shall refer to the area of the area.

  FIG. 1-G is a partial cross-sectional view showing the pile 10 shown in FIG. 1-E which is a bottom view along a dashed dotted line IG-IG. FIG. 1-H is a partial cross-sectional view showing the pile 10 shown in FIG. 1-E along a dashed dotted line IH-IH. As illustrated, a substantially triangular plate-like digging blade 24 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface near the lower end portion of the main body portion 21. The shape of the digging blade 24 is not limited to a substantially triangular plate shape, and may be any shape such as a substantially trapezoidal shape.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the method to embed the pile 10 of this embodiment in the ground is demonstrated. First, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), the tip (tip member 20) of the pile 10 is abutted against the pile installation surface, and the pile 10, particularly the rod member 30, is made using a suitable construction machine or tool (not shown). Apply a rotational force (clockwise when viewed from above). By doing this, the propulsive force by the blade member 22 is obtained, the ground surface is excavated by the cutting blade 24 and the cutting blade of the blade member 22, and further excavating is performed into the ground. FIG. 2 (B) schematically shows the state during digging. In the figure, as indicated by symbol V, a hole is formed in the ground, and excavated soil (gravel) is present inside the hole. FIG.2 (C) shows the state which finished forming the hole to the planned depth which installs the pile 10. As shown in FIG. Thereafter, the ground around the pile 10 including the excavated soil in the space V is compacted by a suitable machine and instrument. Thus, the burying of the stake 10 is completed as shown in FIG. 2 (D).

  As described above, in the pile 10 of the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the rod-like member 30 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the main body portion 21. As described above, by reducing the diameter of the rod-like member 30, there is an advantage that the manufacturing cost of the pile can be reduced as compared to a conventional pile in which the whole pile has a constant diameter. The smaller the diameter of the rod-like member 30 is, the lower the frictional resistance on the circumferential surface may be. However, by increasing the diameter of the main body 21 of the tip member 20, the frictional resistance on the circumferential surface is caused. Can be increased, and the necessary friction resistance can be exhibited as the pile 10 as a whole.

In particular, by setting the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the rod member 30 to the cross-sectional area of the main body 21 of the tip member 20 in the range of 0.005 to 0.79, the above-described cost reduction effect and the like are effectively exhibited. The pile 10 as a whole can effectively exert an axial supporting force.
The radius of the circular shape of the tip portion of the main body 21 (a in FIG. 1E) (in this embodiment, the same as the radius of the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the main body 21) The ratio of the distance from the circumferential surface to the outer peripheral edge of the blade member 22 (b in FIG. 1-E) is preferably in the range of 0.48 to 2.61. The axial supporting force per unit area of the main body portion 21 of the tip end member 20 is estimated to be approximately twice the axial supporting force per unit area of the blade member 22. Therefore, by using the above-mentioned dimensional ratio, the propelling force by the blade member 22 can be sufficiently exhibited, while the axial supporting force by the main body portion 21 of the tip member 20 can be effectively exhibited.

Second Embodiment
Next, a stake 10 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3-A to 3-F. The pile 10 according to the second embodiment differs from the pile 10 according to the first embodiment only in that the pile 10 according to the second embodiment has a protrusion 25 provided on the circumferential surface near the lid 23 of the main body 21 of the tip member 20. As illustrated, a pair of protrusions 25 are provided on the circumferential surface of the main body 21 so as to be opposite to each other.

Next, with reference to FIG. 4-A, FIG. 4-B, and FIG. 5, the method to embed the pile 10 which concerns on this embodiment in the earth is demonstrated.
As shown in FIGS. 4-A and 4-B, the pile 10 of the present embodiment can be engaged with the cylindrical guide 40 via the projection 25. That is, the guide 40 formed of the cylindrical main body 41 has a notch 42 which is formed so as to extend in the axial direction from the tip end side and to be bent vertically and extend in the circumferential direction. In order to engage the guide 40 and the stake 10, first, as shown in FIG. 4-A, the protrusion 25 is inserted into the axially extending portion of the notch 42. Next, as shown in FIG. 4B, the protrusion 25 is engaged with the circumferentially extending portion of the notch 42 by relatively rotating the guide 40 in the circumferential direction.

With the pile 10 and the guide 40 engaged in this manner, the burying of the pile 10 into the ground is started. That is, as shown in FIG. 5A, the tip end of the pile 10 in the engaged state is abutted against the ground to apply a rotational force to the guide 40. Then, the rotational force is transmitted to the pile 10 through the projection 25 to obtain the propulsive force by the blade member 22, and the ground surface is excavated by the cutting blade 24 and the cutting blade of the blade member 22 and further excavated into the ground. Do. FIG. 5 (B) schematically shows the state during digging. As shown in FIG. 5 (C), when the pile 10 reaches the planned installation depth, the guide 40 is slightly reversely rotated, and the engagement between the notch 42 and the projection 25 is released by pulling out upward, and further Pull the guide 40 completely to the ground. Thereafter, the ground around the pile 10 including the excavated soil in the space V is compacted by a suitable machine and instrument. Thus, the burying of the pile 10 is completed as shown in FIG. 5 (D).
According to such a method, by using the cylindrical guide 40, the pile 10 can be buried in the ground efficiently and stably.
The present invention is not limited to the one provided with the pair of protrusions 25 on the circumferential surface of the main body 21, and three or more protrusions 25 may be provided.
Also in the pile 10 according to the present embodiment, by setting the cross-sectional area ratio of the main body portion 21 of the tip member 20 and the rod member 30 and the dimensional ratio of the main body portion 21 and the blade member 24 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, The same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

Third Embodiment
Next, with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6F, a pile 10 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The pile 10 according to the present embodiment differs from the pile 10 according to the first embodiment only in that the digging blade is not provided on the tip end side of the main body 21 of the tip member 20. Even with such a configuration, the cross-sectional area ratio of the main body portion 21 of the tip end member 20 to the rod-like member 30 and the dimensional ratio of the main body portion 21 to the blade member 24 are set in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The same effect as that of the embodiment can be obtained.

(Modification)
The construction method of pile 10 concerning each above-mentioned embodiment is not limited at all to the above-mentioned construction method. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 (D) and FIG. 5 (D), instead of merely compacting the ground around the pile 10, a filler such as concrete or slag is injected into the hole V to ground It is also possible to construct cast-in-place piles by improving the quality of the cast iron or injecting cement milk. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7, excavated soil may be once discharged from the hole V, a reinforcing bar 50 may be laid in the hole V, and concrete may be cast to make a cast-in-place reinforced concrete pile.

Fourth Embodiment
The guide 40 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 8 may be used in place of the guide 40 of the second embodiment described above. The guide 40 shown in FIG. 8 has a spiral-shaped guide blade 43 on its circumferential surface. The guide blade 43 can convert the rotational force applied to the guide 40 into a thrust in the axial direction. Furthermore, after the pile 10 reaches the planned depth and the engagement between the guide 40 and the pile 10 is released, the excavated soil or filling material inside the hole V is guided by pulling out upward while rotating the guide 40 in reverse. The guide 40 can be pulled out while being compacted by the blades 43, and the working efficiency is improved. Furthermore, after the pile installation operation, when the guide 40 is reversely rotated and pulled up, cement milk is poured from the notch 42 around the rod member 30, or cement milk is directly poured from the top of the guide 40 It is also possible to use a method such as stirring using.

Fifth Embodiment
Next, with reference to FIG. 9, a stake 110 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. 9 (A) is a front view schematically showing the pile 110, FIG. 9 (B) is a side view of the pile 110 of FIG. 9 (A) seen in the direction of arrow IXB, FIG. 9 (C) is a view 9 (A) is a top view of the pile 110 in the direction of arrow IXC, and FIG. 9 (D) is a bottom view of the pile 110 in FIG. 9 (A) in the direction of arrow IXD. The pile 110 which concerns on this embodiment differs from the pile 10 (refer FIG. 3-A) which concerns on 2nd Embodiment only in the point which is not equipped with a helical blade member. That is, the pile 110 which concerns on this embodiment consists of the tip member 120 and the rod-shaped member 130, as shown in FIG. The tip end member 120 has a cylindrical main body portion 121, a disc-like lid member 123 on the rear end side in the axial direction, and a plate-like digging blade 124 on the tip end side. The pile 110 further has a projection 125 provided on the circumferential surface near the lid member 123 of the main body 121 of the tip member 120.
Even with the pile 110 having such a configuration, by using the guide 40 with the guide blade 43 shown in FIG. 8, it can be buried in the ground by a screw-in pile method.
Also in the pile 110 according to this embodiment, by setting the cross-sectional area ratio of the main body portion 121 of the tip member 120 and the rod-like member 130 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, an effect of reducing manufacturing cost of the pile 110 can be obtained. it can.

Sixth Embodiment
Next, with reference to FIG. 10, a pile 210 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. 10 (A) is a front view schematically showing the pile 210, FIG. 10 (B) is a top view of the pile 210 of FIG. 10 (A) seen in the direction of arrow XB, and FIG. 10 (C) is a drawing It is the bottom view which looked at pile 210 of 10 (A) in the direction of arrow XC. The pile 210 according to the present embodiment does not include the digging blade 124 and the projection 125 of the pile 110 according to the fourth embodiment. The pile 210 having such a configuration can be installed in the ground by a press-in method, a driving method, an embedding method, or the like.
Also in the pile 210 according to the present embodiment, by setting the cross-sectional area ratio of the main body portion 221 of the tip member 220 and the rod-like member 230 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, an effect of reducing the manufacturing cost of the pile 210 can be obtained. it can.

Seventh Embodiment
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a guide 40 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated, the guide 40 of the present embodiment has a plurality of stages of blade members 43. Further, the blade members 43 may be divided at a plurality of places.

Eighth Embodiment
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a guide 40 according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. 12 (A) is a front view, and FIG. 12 (B) is a partial cross-sectional view of the guide 40 in FIG. 12 (A) as viewed in the direction of arrow XIIB. In the guide 40 according to the present embodiment, a part of the main body portion 41 in the axial direction has a coaxial double cylindrical structure of an inner portion 44 and an outer portion 45. That is, the diameter of a part of the main body portion 41 in the axial direction is reduced to form the inner portion 44, and the outer portion 45 is loosely fitted around the inner portion 44. An axially extending rail 46 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner portion 44, and an axial groove 47 loosely engaged with the rail 46 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer portion 45. With such a structure, the inner portion 44 and the outer portion 45 can be moved relative to each other by a predetermined distance in the axial direction. The blade member 43 is fixed only to the outer peripheral surface of the outer portion 45. Thereby, the blade member 43 can move relative to the notch 42 formed in the main body portion 41 of the guide 40 in the axial direction.

  When the guide 40 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is used, it is relatively easy to rotate the guide 40 in the circumferential direction when the burying of the pile 10 is completed, while the surrounding ground and the blade members 43 Interference may make it difficult or impossible to move the guide 40 in the axial direction. As a result, the engagement between the projection 25 and the notch 42 can not be released, and the guide 40 can not be withdrawn from the ground by further reverse rotation. Even in such a case, with the guide 40 of the eighth embodiment, the main body portion 41 of the guide 40 can be moved axially upward relative to the blade members 43 and the outer portion 45. Therefore, when the burying of the pile 10 is completed, the entire guide 40 is slightly reversely rotated, and thereafter, the main body portion 41 is moved axially upward with respect to the outer portion 45 and the blade member 43. The engagement with the notch 42 can be easily released.

The ninth embodiment
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a guide according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13A is a front view, and FIG. 13B is a partial cross-sectional view of the guide 40 in FIG. 13A as viewed in the direction of arrow XIIIB. Unlike the eighth embodiment, the guide 40 according to the present embodiment does not have the outer portion 45, and directly has an axial groove 47 on the inner peripheral side of the blade member 43. Thereby, the blade member 43 and the inner portion 44 are loosely fitted, and can be relatively moved in the axial direction. As a result, the same effect as that of the eighth embodiment can be obtained.

Tenth Embodiment
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing a pile 10 and a guide 40 according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 (A) is a view showing an engaged state of the pile 10 and the guide 40, Fig. 14 (B) is a front view of the pile 10, and Fig. 14 (C) is an arrow of the guide 40 in Fig. 14 (A). It is a fragmentary sectional view seen in the direction of XIVC. The engagement method between the pile 10 and the guide 40 of the present invention is not limited to that of the second embodiment. For example, in the one shown in FIG. 14, a plurality (three in the drawing) of rectangular parallelepiped guide projections 48 are provided on the inner peripheral surface on the distal end side of the guide 40. A plurality of hook-like locking members 26 are provided on the member 23. Then, the guide 40 is coaxially arranged from the upper side of the pile 10 and fitted, and the guide 40 is rotated relative to the pile 10 clockwise as viewed from the upper side, so that the plurality of guide projections 48 and the plurality of engagements The stop member 26 is engaged.

Eleventh Embodiment
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a pile 10 and a guide 40 according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. In the example shown in FIG. 15, a lid is provided at the tip of the guide 40, and a plurality of rectangular key holes 113 and a round hole 115 at the center are formed in the lid.
On the other hand, on the upper surface of the lid member 23, a number of keys 119 corresponding to the number of the key holes 113 are provided centering on the rod-like member 30. By inserting the rod-like member 30 into the hole 115 and inserting the key 119 into the rectangular key hole 113, the lid member 23 and the guide 40 are assembled.
When the drilling operation by the guide 40 is completed, the cement material can be poured while the guide 40 is being pulled out. The cement material can be injected through the rectangular keyhole 113. A hole dedicated to cement material injection may be provided.

(Twelfth embodiment)
FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing a pile 10 and a guide 40 according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. In the example of FIG. 16, a plurality of keys 129 are provided on the guide 40 side, and a number of key holes 133 corresponding to the number of keys 129 are provided on the lid member 23 side.

(13th Embodiment)
FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing a pile 10 and a guide 40 according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. In the example of FIG. 17, the plurality of keys 139 and the rod-like member 30 are continuously provided in the lid member 23, and the shape of the hole 145 on the guide 40 side is adjusted accordingly.

Fourteenth Embodiment
FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing a pile 10 and a guide 40 according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. In the example of FIG. 18, the rod-like member 30 is provided upright on the lid member 23 so as to overlap the thin rectangular key 149. On the other hand, on the guide 40 side, a hole 155 corresponding to the key 149 is formed. The rod-like member 30 is also passed through the hole 155.
When the key 149 is removed from the hole 155, a gap is created between the rod-like member and the periphery of the hole 155, so that cement material can be easily injected therefrom.

(Fifteenth embodiment)
FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing a pile 10 and a guide 40 according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. In the example of FIG. 19, a circular key hole 153 is provided in the lid member 23. The key holes 153 are provided equidistantly and at the same angle (90 degrees in this example) around the axis of the lid member 23.
On the other hand, on the front end side of the guide 40, four cylindrical keys 156 are disposed at positions facing the key holes 153.
The key 156 at the tip of the guide is inserted into and removed from the key hole 153 of the lid member. Here, since the four key holes 153 are equally distributed around the axis of the lid member 23, when the keys 156 are respectively inserted into the respective key holes, alignment between the two is easy.

  In each of the above embodiments, the shape of the main body of the tip end member of the pile is cylindrical, but is not limited to this, and polygonal prism (square prism, octagon prism, etc., or H-shaped cross section etc.) It is optional. Further, the tip end member is not limited to the one made of steel, and the one whose main body portion and the blade member are made of concrete (including reinforced concrete and made of prestressed concrete) can also be adopted. When the main body of the tip member is made of concrete, for example, an inner reinforcing bar is arranged inside the tip member, and a metal plate member joined to the inner reinforcing bar by welding or the like is installed near the center of the upper side surface of the tip member Alternatively, the metal plate member and the rod-like member may be joined by welding. Alternatively, a cylindrical metal member having an open end is embedded in the concrete of the tip member such that the open end opens near the upper surface center of the tip member, and the rod member is inserted into the cylindrical metal member from the open end. The rod-like member and the edge of the cylindrical metal member may be joined by welding. Thus, the method of joining the rod-like member and the concrete tip member is arbitrary. Moreover, when the tip end member made of concrete has a projection for engagement with the guide, the projection is preferably made of metal from the viewpoint of strength, and further, the metal plate having the projection described above It is preferable to integrate with a member or a cylindrical metal member. Furthermore, it is also possible to use plastic or wood for the tip of the pile.

In addition, the area of the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the main body portion is not limited to one that is constant in the axial direction, but may be variable in the axial direction. In that case, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the rod-like member to the maximum cross-sectional area of the main body is preferably in the range of 0.005 to 0.79 in order to obtain the above-described effect of the present invention.
Further, the shape of the guide is not limited to the above-described cylindrical shape, and may be any shape such as polygonal cylinder (square prism, octagon prism, etc.).
The rod-like member may be made of concrete (made of reinforced concrete, including prestressed concrete).

  FIG. 20 shows a state (a state of columnar improvement) of improving the ground around the pile 10 (particularly, the rod-like member 30) placed on the ground using the guide 40 as an example of the construction method of the pile of the present invention . The guide 40 is rotated and vertically moved by a pile driving machine (not shown). As shown in the figure, the ground is removed by the rotation and vertical movement of the guide 40, and a space is formed uniformly in the horizontal direction centering on the rod-like member 30 of the pile 10.

After the ground is removed from the periphery of the rod-like member 30 of the pile 10, the solidified material is injected from the upper side of the guide 40, and the solidified material is discharged from the lower end side of the guide 40 to fill the space. By rotating and moving the guide 40 up and down, stirring and homogenization of the solidified material are achieved. Thereby, a reinforcing layer is formed around the rod-shaped member 30.
In the above, it is preferable that the rotation direction of the guide 40 at the time of stirring the solidifying material is opposite to the rotation direction at the time of ground removal, but in order to accelerate the stirring, the rotation direction of the guide 40 may be switched to work it can. In the present embodiment, the ground improvement around the pile 10 (particularly, the rod-like member 30) may be performed by stirring and mixing the cement milk and the ground without removing the ground around the rod-like member 30.

Sixteenth Embodiment
Next, a pile 10 according to a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 21A and 21B. 21A and 21B are partial cross sectional views of the pile 10 of the sixteenth embodiment corresponding to FIGS. 1G and 1H, which are partial cross sectional views of the pile 10 of the first embodiment, respectively. is there. As illustrated, in the present embodiment, the digging blade 24 extends over the inner circumferential surface of the main body portion 21 in the entire length direction from near the front end portion of the main body portion 21 to near the rear end portion. 24 is fixed to the inner surface of the lid member 23. With such a configuration, the lid member 23 can be reinforced. That is, the bending strength of the lid member 23 can be improved. As a result, deformation of the lid member 23 can be suppressed. The digging blade 24 may be fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the main body portion 21 in the entire length direction from the vicinity of the front end portion of the main body portion 21 to the vicinity of the rear end portion. It is also good. Instead of the configuration in which the digging blade 24 is fixed to the inner surface of the lid member 23, it may be configured to be simply in contact.

(Seventeenth embodiment)
Next, with reference to FIGS. 22A and 22B, a stake 10 according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The seventeenth embodiment is a modification of the sixteenth embodiment, and FIGS. 22A and 22B are partial sectional views respectively corresponding to FIGS. 21A and 21B. In the pile 10 according to the sixteenth embodiment, the cover member 23 is reinforced by extending the digging blade 24 to contact or fix the cover member 23. On the other hand, in the pile 10 of the present embodiment, the reinforcing member 241 which is a steel plate separate from the digging blade 24 is fixed to the inner surface of the lid member 23. Thus, reinforcement of the lid member 23 is achieved. The reinforcing member 241 is not limited to a steel plate, and may be a steel material of shaped steel or steel pipe. In those cases, it is preferable that the longitudinal side surface of the reinforcing member 241 be fixed to the inner surface of the lid member 23 .

Eighteenth Embodiment
Next, with reference to FIG. 23, a stake 10 according to an eighteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The pile 10 of this embodiment is obtained by filling a solidifying material 242 such as concrete, mortar or resin into the inside of the main body 21 of the pile 10 according to the first embodiment and solidifying the same. FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1-H of the first embodiment. The solidified material 242 is solidified in a state of being fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the main body portion 21 and the inner surface of the lid member 23. Also by providing such a solidifying material 242, the lid member 23 can be reinforced.

Nineteenth Embodiment
Next, a stake 10 according to a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 24-A, 24-B, and 24-C. The pile 10 of this embodiment is obtained by adding a cross reinforcing member 243 to the pile 10 of the seventeenth embodiment shown in FIGS. 22A and 22B. As illustrated, the cross reinforcing member 243 is installed substantially orthogonal to the reinforcing member 241. The cross reinforcing member 243 is fixed to the inner surface of the lid member 23. For example, the cross reinforcing member 243 has two parts, and is installed so as to be in line with both sides of the reinforcing member 241 in a straight line. The cross reinforcing member 243 and the reinforcing member 241 may be fixed.
Thus, by providing the cross reinforcing member 243 in addition to the reinforcing member 241, the bending resistance of the lid member 23 can be further improved.

(Twenty-fifth embodiment)
The ratio of the diameter of the blade member 22 to the diameter of the main body 21 of the tip member 20 of the pile 10 according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as axial ratio) may be set variously according to the construction conditions, required performance, etc. it can.
As an example, in the case of the pile 10 in which the diameter of the main body portion 21 is relatively small (diameter example: 89.1 mm), six views of the pile 10 having a relatively small blade ratio are shown in FIG. 25 (20th embodiment, Figure 26 shows a six-face view of a stake 10 with a medium blade ratio: 1.68), and a pile with a relatively large blade ratio. Six six views of 10 are shown in FIG. 27 (22nd embodiment, blade proportionality: 3.18). Another example is the case of the pile 10 having a relatively large diameter (example diameter: 165.2 mm) of the main body portion 21 and a six-face view of the pile 10 having a relatively small blade ratio is shown in FIG. Twenty-sixth embodiment, shaft proportional: 1.48), a six-face view of the pile 10 having a medium blade ratio is shown in FIG. 29 (24th embodiment, shaft proportional: 2.10), the shaft ratio is Six views of a relatively large stake 10 are shown in FIG. 30 (25th embodiment, blade proportionality: 2.72). In each of FIGS. 25 to 30, (A) is a front view, (B) is a right side view, (C) is a left side view, (D) is a top view, (E) is a bottom view, and (F) is a back view. It represents a figure.

(Another modification)
Next, another variation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 31 and 32. FIG. Pile 110 shown in FIG. 31 is a modification of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 31 (A) is a front view schematically showing the pile 110, FIG. 31 (B) is a side view of the pile 110 of FIG. 31 (A) seen in the direction of arrow XXXIB, FIG. 31 (C) is a view 31 (D) is a bottom view of the pile 110 of FIG. 31 (A) in the direction of arrow XXXID. The tip end member 120 of the present modification example has a main body portion 121 made of concrete (including reinforced concrete, and made of prestressed concrete) and does not have a lid member.

As described above, the protrusion 125 for engagement with the guide is preferably made of metal in terms of strength. So, in this example, as shown in FIG. 32, the rod-shaped member 130, the digging blade 124, and the projection part 125 are comprised as an integral metal member. 32 (A) is a front view of the integral metal member, and FIG. 32 (B) is a side view of the integral metal member of FIG. 32 (A) viewed in the direction of arrow XXXIIB. The pile 110 of FIG. 31 can be created by forming the main body 121 made of concrete or the like in a cylindrical shape around the rod-like member 130 and a part of the digging blade 124 shown in FIG.
Although a method of producing an integral metal member of the rod member 130, the digging blade 124, and the protrusion 125 is optional, as an example, first, the digging blade 124 and the protrusion 125 are created as an integral flat metal member Next, welding to the rod-like member 130 is considered.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, examples, and modifications, the members of the pile 10 may be fixed and integrated with each other by welding, adhesion or the like, or instead of the integration by fixing, the respective members Part or all of the above may be integrally formed by means of molding, casting or the like.

(Twenty-sixth embodiment)
A twenty-sixth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 33 to 39. FIG. 33 is a view schematically showing a pile according to a twenty-sixth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 33 (A) is a front view of the pile 10, and FIG. 33 (B) is a pile 10 of FIG. FIG. 33 (C) is a rear view of the pile 10 of FIG. 33 (B) in the direction of arrow XXXIIIC, as viewed in the direction of arrow XXXIIIB. The pile 10 which concerns on this embodiment has the hook-shaped locking member 27 in the upper surface of the cover member 23, as shown in FIG. Although two locking members 27 are provided at point-symmetrical positions around the rotation axis in the illustrated example, the present invention is not limited to this, and one or three or more locking members 27 may be provided. Each locking member 27 has a vertical portion 271 erected from the upper surface of the lid member 23 and a horizontal portion 272 extending in the horizontal direction from the upper end of the vertical portion 271. Thereby, the locking member 27 has an opening in the reverse rotation direction of the pile 10.

  FIG. 34 shows a guide 40 according to this embodiment. 34 schematically shows a guide according to a twenty-sixth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 34 (A) is a front view of the guide 40, and FIG. 34 (B) is a view of the guide 40 of FIG. 34 (C) is a top view of the guide 40 of FIG. 34 (A) in the direction of arrow XXXIVC, and FIG. 34 (D) is a guide of FIG. 34 (A) in the direction of arrow XXXIVD. It is a bottom view. The length of the guide 40 in the present embodiment is approximately equal to that of the rod-like member 30 of the pile 10 and has an inner diameter that allows insertion of the rod-like member 30. The guide 40 has a cylindrical guide main body 400, a guide lower projection 481 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the guide main body 400 on the lower end side at the time of construction, and a guide upper part protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the guide main body 400 near the upper end. It consists of a projection 482. The number and position of the lower guide projection 481 correspond to the number and position of the locking members 27 of the pile 10, and in the present embodiment, the two lower guide projections 481 are the outer peripheral surface of the guide main body 400 of the guide 40. Provided on the opposite side of the

  Next, a method of installing the pile 10 in the ground using the guide 40 will be described. First, a method according to the present embodiment for attaching the guide 40 to the pile 10 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 35 (A), in the present embodiment, the pile 10 and the guide 40 are first turned to the side, and then the pile 10 is inserted into the guide 40 as shown in FIG. 35 (B). . Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 35 (C), insert the lower end of the guide 40 until the lower end side contacts the lid member 23 of the pile 10 as shown in FIG. 35 (D) by rotating the guide 40 forwardly. The respective guide lower protrusions 481 are engaged with the corresponding locking members 27 from the opening side thereof.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 36, the pile 10 and the guide 40 in the inserted state are attached to a construction machine such as a pillar car type. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 36 (A), a wire is hung near the upper end of the guide 40, and the wire is pulled up by a crane (lifting device) of a construction machine. Thereby, the upper end portion of the guide 40 is made to approach the rotary machine and the holder 200 attached near the tip of the crane of the construction machine. Further, as shown in FIG. 36 (B), the upper end of the guide 40 is attached to the holder 200. As a result, the guide 40 with the pile 10 inserted is vertically suspended by the crane via the holder 200. At this time, the pile 10 is held through the engagement of the locking member 27 of the pile 10 and the guide lower projection 481 of the guide 40.

  FIG. 37 is a perspective view of the holder 200. FIG. As illustrated, the holder 200 has a cylindrically shaped cover 201, and a head portion 202 is formed like a lid on one end side of the cylindrically shaped. A prismatic connector 203 is provided on the surface of the head portion 202 opposite to the cover 201. The connector 203 is provided with bolt holes 203a for connection to the rotary machine. A cylindrical mandrel 204 is provided on the surface of the head portion 202 on the cover 201 side. In the above configuration, the cover 201, the connector 203, and the mandrel 204 are provided concentrically.

  The cover 201 is provided with an axial opening 205 extending in the axial direction and a circumferential opening 206 extending in the circumferential direction. The axial opening 205 opens at the axial end face of the cover 201 on the side of the mandrel 204. The circumferential opening 206 is circumferentially open with respect to the axial opening 205. The axial opening 205 and the circumferential opening 206 are provided corresponding to the number and position of the guide upper protrusions 482 of the guide 40. In the present embodiment, each pair of upper guide protrusions 482, the axial opening 205, and the circumferential opening 206 are provided at point-symmetrical positions about the rotation axis, but the present invention is limited to this. For example, three or more sets may be used.

  FIG. 38 is a view for explaining a method of attaching the upper end portion of the guide 40 to the holder 200 as shown in FIG. 36 (B). As shown in FIG. 38A, the holder 200 is bolted to the rotating machine attached to the tip of the crane of the construction machine via the connector 203. When the upper end portion of the guide 40 approaches the holder 200, the outer periphery of the guide 40 is inserted into the inner periphery of the cover 201 of the holder 200, and the stem 204 of the holder 200 is inserted into the rod member 30 of the pile 10. Insert to the lap. At this time, as shown in FIG. 38A, each guide upper protrusion 482 is made to enter the corresponding axial opening 205 of the cover 201.

  As shown in FIG. 38B, when the upper end of the guide 40 reaches the head portion 202, the guide 40 and the pile 10 are integrally rotated forward with respect to the holder 200. The holder 200 may be reversely rotated with respect to the guide 40 and the pile 10 by the drive of the rotary machine. As a result, as shown in FIG. 38C, each guide upper protrusion 482 enters the corresponding circumferential opening 206. In such a state shown in FIG. 36 (B) and FIG. 38 (C), the pile 10 and the guide 40 in the inserted state are integrally lifted and moved to the installation place of the pile 10 by lifting the crane. Is possible.

  Next, referring to FIG. 39, a method of installing the pile 10 in the ground will be described. In FIG. 39, illustration of the construction machine is omitted. From the state of FIG. 36 (B), when the rotary machine is rotated forward on the installation location surface of the pile 10, the holder 200 rotates relative to the guide 40 in the forward rotation direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 39A, the guide upper projection 482 comes in contact with the edge on the reverse rotation direction side of the axial opening 205 (hereinafter referred to as the forward rotation drive edge 205a). . Further, as the holder 200 is rotationally driven, the drive edge portion 205a rotationally drives the guide upper protrusion portion 482 in the forward rotation direction. Then, the rotational force is transmitted to the locking member 27 of the pile 10 via the guide 40 and the guide lower projection 481, whereby the pile 10 is also rotationally driven in the positive rotation direction.

  When the pile 10 reaches its planned installation depth by continuing forward rotation by the rotary machine as shown in FIG. 39 (B), the rotation of the rotary machine is stopped and the rotary machine is reversed. By doing so, as shown in FIG. 39C, the holder 200 rotates relative to the guide 40 in the reverse rotation direction. As a result, the guide upper projection 482 leaves the drive edge 205 a and abuts on the edge of the circumferential opening 206 in the positive rotation direction (hereinafter referred to as the reverse rotation drive edge 206 a). Further, by continuing the reverse rotation by the rotary machine, the reverse rotation driving edge portion 206a rotationally drives the guide upper protrusion portion 482 in the reverse rotation direction. Then, when the guide 40 rotates in the reverse rotation direction, the engagement state between the guide lower protrusion 481 and the locking member 27 is released, that is, the guide lower protrusion 481 is from the locking member 27 in the reverse rotation direction. It will come off.

  By lifting the crane again in this state, the guide 40 can be lifted via the holder 200. At that time, since the engagement state between the guide 40 and the pile 10 is eliminated, it is possible to pull up only the guide 40 while leaving the pile 10 at the installation location (FIG. 39 (D)) and withdraw it to the ground surface it can.

  In such a method of installing the pile 10, as described above, the pile 10 is first inserted into the guide 40 with the pile 10 and the guide 40 lying on its side, and then the pile 10 and the guide 40 in the inserted state are inserted. Stand vertically and attach to the rotating machine at the crane tip of the construction machine. Therefore, after installing the guide to the rotating machine at the tip of the crane first, as it is conventionally done, the guide is lifted by the crane to the upper side of the vertically erected pile, and the guide is put on the pile from above Compared to the method, the height for lifting the crane is about half. That is, although the height for lifting the crane needs a height greater than the total height of the pile and the guide in the prior art, in the method of this embodiment, the height is substantially the same as the height of the pile alone. Will be reduced. As a result, the space in the height direction required for construction can be reduced, construction becomes easy, and construction safety is greatly improved.

Although the construction machine shown in FIG. 36 is a construction type machine, it is merely an example, and any machine such as a crawler type, a power shovel type, or a crane car type may be used as long as the present invention can be applied. Good.
Further, the shape of the locking member 27 is not limited to the above-mentioned hook shape, and may be any shape as long as the same function can be exhibited. Moreover, in the construction example of FIG. 35, when inserting the pile 10 into the guide 40, the pile 10 and the guide 40 were laid down, but this is not an essential requirement, for example, in a state in which both are vertical or oblique. After inserting, the inserted pile 10 and the guide 40 may be attached to the holder 200. In particular, when the stake 10 and the guide 40 are relatively short, they may be inserted in a vertical state, and then the stake 10 and the guide 40 in the inserted state may be attached to the holder 200.

(Twenty-seventh embodiment)
A twenty-seventh embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 40 (A) is a perspective view of the pile 10 according to this embodiment, and FIG. 40 (B) is a top view of the rod-like member 30. As shown in FIG. 40, the pile 10 of the present embodiment has an engagement protrusion 31 that protrudes inward in the circumferential direction from the inner peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the rod-like member 30.
41A to 41C show a holder 200 according to the present embodiment. 41A is a front view, FIG. 41B is a bottom view, and FIG. 41C is a perspective view. The holder 200 of the present embodiment differs from the holder 200 of the twenty-sixth embodiment in that it has a first circumferential opening 207 and a second circumferential opening 208 as circumferential openings. Also, as will be described later, the shape of the mandrel 204 is also different.

Each of the first circumferential opening 207 and the second circumferential opening 208 is an opening that spreads in the positive rotation direction from the axial opening 205, and the first circumferential opening 207 has a head portion 202 in comparison with the second circumferential opening 208. Closer to
The mandrel 204 includes a large diameter portion 250 on the head portion 202 side and a small diameter portion 260 on the opposite side of the head portion 202. The largest diameter a of the large diameter portion 250 is larger than the diameter b of the small diameter portion 260 (see FIG. 41B) and smaller than the inner diameter of the rod-like member 30. When the rod member 30 is inserted into the guide 40, the maximum diameter a of the large diameter portion 250 and the diameter b of the small diameter portion 260 do not interfere with the engagement protrusion 31 with the small diameter portion 260, and the maximum diameter of the large diameter portion 250 It is set to interfere with the part A. On the outer periphery of the large diameter portion 250, an axial groove 251 extending in the axial direction and opening on the side opposite to the head portion 202 and a circumferential groove 252 extending in the positive rotation direction from the axial groove 251 are formed. The axial groove 251 of the large diameter portion 250 is formed radially inward of one axial opening 205 of the cover 201. When the rod-like member 30 is inserted into the guide 40, the engagement protrusion 31 does not interfere with the large diameter portion 250 in the axial groove 251 and the circumferential groove 252.

Next, with reference to FIG. 42 and FIG. 43, the method to attach the pile 10 and the guide 40 of this embodiment with respect to the holder 200 is demonstrated.
Similar to the method of FIG. 35, when the pile 10 of this embodiment is inserted into the guide 40 and the lower guide projection 481 is engaged with the locking member 27, the upper end of the rod member 30 of the pile 10 and the guide 40 is raised. When observed from the direction, it becomes as shown in FIG. That is, the engagement protrusion 31 is positioned at a position on the inner peripheral surface of the rod-like member 30 corresponding to the position of one guide upper protrusion 482 of the guide 40. In this state, when attaching the pile 10 and the guide 40 to the holder 200 in the same manner as in FIG. 36, as shown in FIG. 42 (B), the guide upper protrusion 482 is made to enter the axial opening 205 of the cover 201 The engagement projection 31 of the member 30 is advanced into the axial groove 251 of the large diameter portion 250 of the mandrel 204. Then, when the upper end of the guide 40 reaches the head portion 202 as shown in FIG. 42C, the pile 10 and the guide 40 are rotated in the normal rotation direction, or the holder 200 is rotated in the reverse rotation direction. As shown in FIG. 42 (D), the guide upper protrusion portion 482 is made to enter the first circumferential opening 207 of the cover 201. At this time, as shown in FIG. 42 (E), the engagement protrusion 31 enters the circumferential groove 252 of the large diameter portion 250 of the mandrel 204. FIG. 42 (E) is an explanatory view showing a relative positional relationship between the mandrel 204 and the engagement projection 31. As shown in FIG.

  In the state shown in FIG. 42 (D) and FIG. 42 (E), by lifting the crane, the pile 10 and the guide 40 in the inserted state can be lifted together and transported onto the installation location of the pile 10 It becomes. In the twenty-sixth embodiment, the holder 200 only lifts only the guide upper protrusion 482 of the guide 40 at the lower edge of the circumferential opening 206, but in the present embodiment, the guide upper protrusion 482 of the guide 40. Directly raising not only the guide 40 but also the pile 10 in order to lift the engaging projection 31 of the rod 30 at the lower edge of the circumferential groove 252 of the rod 204 at the same time as Can be lifted and transported more stably. In addition, the force applied downward by the lower guide projection 481 to the locking member 27 can be reduced when the pile 10 and the guide 40 are lifted and transported.

  After holding the pile 10 and the guide 40 in the inserted state vertically on the ground surface of the planned installation location of the pile 10, the rotational force of the guide 40 in the positive rotation direction is applied to the guide 40 by the rotary machine as described in FIG. In addition, the pile 10 starts to enter the ground. That is, the rotational force from the rotary machine is applied to the guide upper projection 482 from the edge on the reverse rotation direction side of the axial opening 205 of the holder 200 (hereinafter referred to as the forward rotation drive edge 205a) (see FIG. 43 (A-1)). Then, the rotational force is transmitted to the locking member 27 of the pile 10 via the guide 40 and the guide lower projection 481, whereby the pile 10 is also rotationally driven in the positive rotation direction. In the present embodiment, the rotational force from the rotary machine is the engagement protrusion of the rod member 30 of the pile 10 from the edge portion 251a on the reverse rotation direction side of the axial groove 251 of the large diameter portion 250 of the mandrel 204 of the holder 200. 31 so that the rotational force may be directly applied to the pile 10 in parallel with the transmission through the guide 40 (see FIG. See 1).

  Next, a method of leaving only the pile 10 and pulling out only the guide 40 to the ground surface after the pile 10 reaches the planned installation depth will be described with reference to FIG. When the rotary machine rotationally drives the guide 40 and the pile 10, as described above, as shown in (A-1) of FIG. 43, the positive rotation drive edge 205a of the holder 200 is the guide upper projection 482 Apply a rotational force in the positive rotation direction to. The relative positional relationship between the large diameter portion 250 of the mandrel 204 and the engagement projection 31 of the rod member 30 at that time is schematically shown in (B-1) of the same figure. Then, when the pile 10 reaches the planned installation depth, the holder 200 is reversely rotated, whereby the first circumferential opening 207 of the holder 200 in the positive rotation direction as shown in (A-2) of the same figure. An edge (hereinafter, referred to as a reverse rotation driving edge 207 a) is in contact with the guide upper protrusion 482. At that time, as shown in (B-2) of the same figure, the forward rotation direction edge portion of the circumferential groove 252 of the large diameter portion 250 of the mandrel 204 contacts the engagement protrusion 31 of the rod member 30.

By further integrally rotating the guide 40 and the pile 10 in the reverse rotation direction in this state, the engaged state between the lower guide protrusion 481 and the locking member 27 is cancelled. That is, the lower guide projection 481 is removed from the locking member 27 in the reverse rotation direction. Next, the holder 200 is slightly rotated in the normal rotation direction to be in the state shown in (A-1) and (B-1) of FIG. At this time, the amount of rotation of the holder 200 is such that the guide lower protrusion 481 and the locking member 27 do not engage with each other.
By lifting the crane in this state, the relative positional relationship between the holder 200 and the guide 40 is as shown in (A-3) of FIG. That is, the guide upper protrusion portion 482 is brought to a position horizontally adjacent to the second circumferential opening 208 through the axial opening 205 of the holder 200. At that time, as shown in (B-3) of FIG. 43, the engagement protrusion 31 of the rod-like member 30 escapes the large diameter portion 250 through the axial groove 251 of the large diameter portion 250 of the mandrel 204, It will face the part 260.

  Next, by rotating the holder 200 in the reverse rotation direction, as shown in (A-4) of FIG. 43, the guide upper protrusion 482 is made to enter the second circumferential opening 208 of the holder 200. Next, by lifting the crane, the lower edge of the second circumferential opening 208 of the holder 200 can lift the guide upper protrusion 482 and thereby lift the guide 40. At this time, as shown in (B-4) of the same figure, since the engagement projection 31 of the rod-shaped member 30 has already escaped the large diameter portion 250 of the mandrel 204, even if the The engagement projection 31 of the member 30 is not lifted. At this time, the lower guide projection 481 and the locking member 27 are not in the engaged state. Therefore, even if the guide 40 is lifted by the holder 200, the pile 10 does not have a lifting force. Therefore, it is possible to lift only the guide 40 to the ground surface while leaving only the pile 10 at the installation position in the ground. Thus, the same effects as those of the twenty-sixth embodiment can be obtained.

The features of the above-described embodiments, examples, and modifications may be implemented in combination with one another as much as possible, and such combinations are also included in the scope of the present invention.
The present invention is not limited to the description of the embodiments of the invention. Various modifications are also included in the present invention as long as those skilled in the art can easily conceive of the claims without departing from the scope of the claims.

The following will be disclosed.
(Supplementary Note 1)
A tip member having a cylindrical main body portion, and a blade member standing on the circumferential surface of the main body portion and extending along a spiral shape;
A flat disk-shaped lid member provided on an axial rear end side of the main body portion and sealing the axial rear end side of the main body portion;
A rod-shaped member having one end fixed to a portion near the center of the rear end side in the axial direction of the lid member and extending therefrom along the axial direction of the main body portion;
A pile having a flat plate-like digging blade that contacts or adheres to an axial tip end side surface of the lid member and protrudes from the axial tip end side of the main body portion,
The cross-sectional area of the rod-like member in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the main body in the same direction,
The outer diameter of the lid member is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the blade member,
The outer peripheral portion of the lid member overlaps the axial rear end of the main body in the axial direction along the entire circumference thereof,
The pile whose outer diameter of the said cover member is equal to the outer diameter of the said axial direction rear end of the said main-body part.
(Supplementary Note 2)
The pile according to appendix 1, wherein a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the rod-like member to a cross-sectional area of the main body portion is in a range of 0.005 to 0.79.
(Supplementary Note 3)
The ratio of the distance from the peripheral surface of the main body to the outer peripheral edge of the blade member to the radius of the cross-sectional shape of the main body perpendicular to the axial direction is in the range of 0.48 to 2.61. The pile as described in 1 or 2.
(Supplementary Note 4)
The pile according to any one of appendices 1 to 3, further comprising: a reinforcing member fixed to an end surface in the axial direction of the lid member inside the main body portion and reinforcing the lid member.
(Supplementary Note 5)
It is the installation method of the pile which installs the pile as described in any one of appendixes 1 to 4 in the ground,
Engaging a cylindrical guide with the body portion;
And rotating the pile by rotating the guide to bring the pile into the ground.
(Supplementary Note 6)
The pile installation method according to appendix 5, further comprising the step of injecting a filling material into the internal space of the hole formed by the entering step.
(Appendix 7)
The pile installation method according to Supplementary Note 5 or 6, further comprising the step of constructing a concrete structure in the internal space of the hole formed by the entering step.
(Supplementary Note 8)
After the advancing step, the method further includes a pulling out step while rotating the guide in the reverse direction,
The pile installation method according to any one of appendices 5 to 7, wherein the guide comprises a spiral blade member on its circumferential surface.
(Appendix 9)
In the step of engaging the cylindrical guide with the main body, the rod-like member is inserted into the guide and the main body and the guide are engaged with the pile and the guide lying down. The installation method of the pile as described in any one of supplementary notes 5-8.
(Supplementary Note 10)
10. The pile installation method according to any one of appendices 5 to 9, further comprising the step of attaching an end of the guide to a rotary machine after the step of engaging a tubular guide with the main body.
(Supplementary Note 11)
The method according to any one of appendices 5 to 10, further comprising the step of lifting the engaged pile and the guide so as to be in a substantially vertical state after the step of engaging the cylindrical guide with the main body portion. Installation method of the described pile.
(Supplementary Note 12)
In the step of lifting the engaged pile and the guide so as to be in a substantially vertical state, the height when the pile and the guide are lifted is substantially equal to the height of the pile. Installation method of the pile described in.
(Supplementary Note 13)
Disengaging the main body from the guide by rotating the guide in the reverse direction after the advancing step;
The pile installation method according to any one of Appendices 5 to 7 and 9 to 12, further including the step of pulling out only the guide vertically upward while leaving the pile in the ground.

10, 110, 210 Pile 20, 120, 220 Tip member 21, 121, 221 Body part 22 Blade member 23, 123, 223 Lid member 24, 124 Drilling blade 25, 125 Protrusion 26, 27 Locking member 30, 130, 230 bar member 31 engagement projection 40 guide 41, 400 guide main body 43 guide vane 44 inner member 45 outer member 46 rail 47 axial groove 48 guide projection 50 reinforcing bar 113, 133, 153 key hole 115, 145, 155 hole 119 129, 139, 149, 156 Key 200 Holder 241 Reinforcement member 242 Solidification material 243 Cross reinforcement member 481 Guide lower projection 482 Guide upper projection

Claims (9)

A tip member having a cylindrical main body portion, and a blade member standing on the circumferential surface of the main body portion and extending along a spiral shape;
A lid member provided on an axial rear end side of the main body;
A rod-shaped member having one end fixed to a portion near the center of the rear end side in the axial direction of the lid member and extending therefrom along the axial direction of the main body portion;
A flat plate-like digging blade which is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the main body portion and which protrudes from the tip end side of the main body portion;
And a reinforcing member fixed to an end surface in the axial direction of the lid member inside the main body portion and reinforcing the lid member ,
The cross-sectional area of the rod-like member in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the main body in the same direction,
The outer diameter of the lid member is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the blade member,
The outer peripheral portion of the lid member overlaps the axial rear end of the main body in the axial direction along the entire circumference thereof,
In the pile in which the outer diameter of the lid member is equal to the outer diameter of the axial rear end of the main body portion ,
The flat excavating blade has a length equal to the inner diameter of the main body portion, and both side surfaces thereof are fixed to the inner peripheral surface on the tip side in the axial direction of the main body portion,
The reinforcing member is flat and has a length equal to the inner diameter of the main body, and the upper surface thereof is pressed against and fixed to the end face in the axial direction of the lid member.
The pile in which the digging blade and the reinforcing member are separated from each other. The reinforcing member is disposed on the same imaginary plane as the digging blade, and a flat plate-like second reinforcing member substantially orthogonal to the reinforcing member is fixed to an axial tip end face of the lid member. The pile described in 1.   The pile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the rod-like member to a cross-sectional area of the main body portion is in a range of 0.005 to 0.79.   The ratio of the distance from the peripheral surface of the main body to the outer peripheral edge of the blade member to the radius of the cross-sectional shape of the main body perpendicular to the axial direction is in the range of 0.48 to 2.61. The pile according to any one of Items 1 to 3. It is the installation method of the pile which installs the pile as described in any one of Claims 1-4 in the ground,
Engaging a cylindrical guide with the body portion;
And rotating the pile by rotating the guide to bring the pile into the ground.   The pile installation method according to claim 5, further comprising the step of injecting a filler into the internal space of the hole formed by the entering step.   The pile installation method according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising the step of constructing a concrete structure in the inner space of the hole formed by the entering step. After the advancing step, the method further includes a pulling out step while rotating the guide in the reverse direction,
The pile installation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the guide comprises a spiral blade member on its circumferential surface. Disengaging the main body from the guide by rotating the guide in the reverse direction after the advancing step;
The pile installation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, further comprising: pulling out only the guide vertically upward while leaving the pile in the ground.

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