JP6474601B2 - Iron-containing material for rice, method for producing iron-containing material for rice, and method for applying iron-containing material for rice - Google Patents
Iron-containing material for rice, method for producing iron-containing material for rice, and method for applying iron-containing material for rice Download PDFInfo
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 269
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 172
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 title claims description 136
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 135
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 135
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 125
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 93
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 71
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 47
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 47
- 241000207961 Sesamum Species 0.000 description 34
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 30
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 29
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 13
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 12
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 8
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000005623 Carcinogenesis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010065973 Iron Overload Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000720 Silicomanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021329 brown rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036952 cancer formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000504 carcinogenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000021245 head disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZDHURYWHEBEGHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiopotassium Chemical compound [K].[K] ZDHURYWHEBEGHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Description
本発明は、稲用資材に関するもので、特に、ごま葉枯病の感染を抑制し、稲の収量を増加させる、稲用含鉄資材、稲用含鉄資材の製造方法及び稲用含鉄資材の施用方法に関する。 The present invention relates to rice materials, and in particular, suppresses infection with sesame leaf blight and increases the yield of rice. Iron-containing material for rice, method for producing iron-containing material for rice, and method for applying iron-containing material for rice About.
稲作において、ごま葉枯病は、いもち病、縞葉枯病とともに稲の代表的な病気である。ごま葉枯病により収穫される米の品質が低下する他、収量も低下してしまう問題がある。 In rice cultivation, sesame leaf blight is a typical disease of rice along with rice blast and stripe blight. Besides the quality of rice harvested by sesame leaf blight, there is a problem that the yield is also reduced.
ごま葉枯病の対策としては、例えばイモチエースなどの農薬を使用することが有効であることが報告されている（以下の非特許文献１を参照。）。 As countermeasures against sesame leaf blight, it has been reported that it is effective to use agricultural chemicals such as imotiace (see Non-Patent Document 1 below).
また、ケイ酸の供給による珪化細胞の形成促進により、珪化細胞数が増加してごま葉枯病の感染を抑制する効果があることも報告されており、ケイカル（ケイ酸カルシウム）のようなケイ酸を含有する資材が、ごま葉枯病の抑制に有効であることが報告されている（以下の非特許文献２を参照。）。 It has also been reported that the formation of silicic cells by the supply of silicic acid increases the number of silicic cells and suppresses sesame leaf blight infection. It has been reported that an acid-containing material is effective in suppressing sesame leaf blight (see Non-Patent Document 2 below).
稲作用のケイ酸含有資材としては、例えば、ＳｉＯ２を３０〜５０質量％、ＭｇＯを１〜２０質量％含み、ＭｇＯ、ＳｉＯ２、ＣａＯからなる資材が報告されている（以下の特許文献１を参照。）。 As a silicic acid-containing material for rice action, for example, a material containing 30 to 50% by mass of SiO 2 and 1 to 20% by mass of MgO and made of MgO, SiO 2 and CaO has been reported (the following Patent Document 1). See).
更に、マンガンの供給によりごま葉枯病を抑制することも、報告されている（以下の非特許文献３を参照。）。 Furthermore, suppression of sesame leaf blight by supplying manganese has also been reported (see Non-Patent Document 3 below).
以上のように、ごま葉枯病による影響を抑制あるいは防止するために、いくつかの技術が報告されている。しかしながら、これらの技術には、以下に示すような課題がある。 As described above, several techniques have been reported to suppress or prevent the effects of sesame leaf blight. However, these techniques have the following problems.
まず、農薬を用いてごま葉枯病を抑制する方法についてであるが、農薬の場合、発がんのおそれ、長期にわたる又は反復暴露による呼吸器系、腎臓、肺の障害のおそれ、長期継続的影響により水生生物に有害なおそれがあるなどの課題が心配される。したがって、農薬の使用は可能な限り避け、無農薬とすることが望まれる。 First, regarding the method of controlling sesame leaf blight using pesticides, in the case of pesticides, there is a risk of carcinogenesis, risk of damage to the respiratory system, kidneys, lungs due to prolonged or repeated exposure, and long-term continuous effects. We are anxious about problems such as being harmful to aquatic life. Therefore, it is desirable to avoid the use of pesticides as much as possible and to eliminate the use of pesticides.
ケイ酸を供給することでごま葉枯病を抑制する方法についてであるが、ケイ酸の供給のみでは、ごま葉枯病を抑制できない場合がある。 Although it is about the method of suppressing sesame leaf blight by supplying silicic acid, there are cases where sesame leaf blight cannot be suppressed only by supplying silicic acid.
特に、上記特許文献１のケイ酸資材のように、ＭｇＯ、ＳｉＯ２、ＣａＯからなり、マンガンや鉄を十分量含まない資材では、ごま葉枯病を十分抑制できない場合がある。 In particular, the sesame leaf blight may not be sufficiently suppressed with a material that is made of MgO, SiO 2 , and CaO and does not contain a sufficient amount of manganese or iron, such as the silicic acid material of Patent Document 1 described above.
また、上記非特許文献３のようなマンガンを供給することでごま葉枯病を抑制する方法についてであるが、市販のマンガン含有資材でマンガンを多く含む資材として、マンガンを３０質量％以上含むものを利用することが可能であるが、マンガンは貴重な金属元素であり、マンガンの含有率の高い資材は価格が高くなるという課題がある。 Moreover, although it is about the method of suppressing sesame leaf blight by supplying manganese like the said nonpatent literature 3, it contains 30 mass% or more of manganese as a material containing many manganese with a commercially available manganese containing material. However, manganese is a valuable metal element, and there is a problem that a material having a high manganese content has a high price.
また、マンガンや鉄を供給しすぎると、マンガン過剰症、鉄過剰症などといった、植物に悪影響を与える場合があることも知られている。（上記非特許文献４及び非特許文献５を参照。） It is also known that excessive supply of manganese and iron may adversely affect plants such as manganese overload and iron overload. (See Non-Patent Document 4 and Non-Patent Document 5 above.)
従って、マンガンや鉄の含有量を過剰に高めることなく、適度の含有量で有効活用できる資材の開発が望まれるという状況にある。 Accordingly, there is a demand for the development of materials that can be effectively used with an appropriate content without excessively increasing the content of manganese or iron.
上記の課題に鑑みて、本発明は、従来のマンガン資材よりも高価な元素であるマンガンの含有量を少なくしながらも、ごま葉枯病を抑制し、かつ、稲の収量を増加させることが可能な、稲用含鉄資材、稲用含鉄資材の製造方法及び稲用含鉄資材の施用方法を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above problems, the present invention is capable of suppressing sesame leaf blight and increasing the yield of rice, while reducing the content of manganese, which is an element more expensive than conventional manganese materials. It is an object of the present invention to provide an iron-containing material for rice, a method for producing the iron-containing material for rice, and a method for applying the iron-containing material for rice.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意研究を行った結果、Ｍｎの含有量を従来のマンガン資材よりも下げたとしても、Ｃａ、Ｓｉ、Ｆｅ、及び、Ｍｇを主として酸化物として含有させ、これら酸化物の割合を調整することで、稲の収量を増加させ、かつ、ごま葉枯病を抑制する効果がある稲用含鉄資材を開発することに成功し、本発明を完成させた。
本発明の要旨は、以下の通りである。
As a result of diligent research to solve the above problems, the present inventors have made Ca, Si, Fe, and Mg mainly oxides even if the Mn content is lower than that of conventional manganese materials. By adding and adjusting the ratio of these oxides, we succeeded in developing an iron-containing material for rice that has the effect of increasing the yield of rice and inhibiting sesame leaf blight, and completed the present invention. It was.
The gist of the present invention is as follows.
（１）ＣａＯの含有量が２５質量％以上３４質量％以下、ＳｉＯ２の含有量が１６質量％以上２２質量％以下、Ｆｅの含有量が１３質量％以上３３質量％以下、Ｍｎの含有量が１６質量％以上２２質量％以下、ＭｇＯの含有量が２質量％以上８質量％以下、かつ、ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比が１．２以上１．８以下の成分組成を有する、稲用含鉄資材。
（２）ＣａＯの含有量が２５質量％以上３４質量％以下、ＳｉＯ２の含有量が１６質量％以上２２質量％以下、Ｆｅの含有量が１３質量％以上３３質量％以下、Ｍｎの含有量が１６質量％以上２２質量％以下、ＭｇＯの含有量が２質量％以上８質量％以下、かつ、ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比が１．２以上１．８以下の成分組成を有する固溶体からなる、（１）に記載の稲用含鉄資材。
（３）前記固溶体の成分組成が、ＣａＯの含有量が２８質量％以上３１質量％以下、ＳｉＯ２の含有量が１８質量％以上２０質量％以下、Ｆｅの含有量が１４質量％以上３０質量％以下、Ｍｎの含有量が１６質量％以上２０質量％以下、ＭｇＯの含有量が４質量％以上６質量％以下、かつ、ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比が１．３以上１．６以下である、（２）に記載の稲用含鉄資材。
（４）（２）又は（３）に記載の稲用含鉄資材を製造する方法であって、Ｃａ、Ｓｉ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、及び、Ｍｇのそれぞれの酸化物を含む原料を１３５０℃以上で溶融して、前記組成となるような固溶体に製造する、稲用含鉄資材の製造方法。
（５）（１）〜（３）のいずれか一つに記載の稲用含鉄資材を用いた、稲用含鉄資材の施用方法であって、前記稲用含鉄資材を、田植えの前に稲作農地に加え、土壌と混合して施用する、稲用含鉄資材の施用方法。
(1) CaO content is 25% by mass or more and 34% by mass or less, SiO 2 content is 16% by mass or more and 22% by mass or less, Fe content is 13% by mass or more and 33% by mass or less, and Mn content There 22 wt% 16 wt% or more or less, 8 wt% content of more than 2 mass% of MgO less, and, CaO / SiO 2 ratio has a composition of 1.2 to 1.8, rice for ferrous materials .
(2) The content of CaO is 25% by mass or more and 34% by mass or less, the content of SiO 2 is 16% by mass or more and 22% by mass or less, the content of Fe is 13% by mass or more and 33% by mass or less, and the content of Mn Is a solid solution having a component composition of 16 % by mass to 22% by mass, MgO content of 2% by mass to 8% by mass, and a CaO / SiO 2 ratio of 1.2 to 1.8%, The iron-containing material for rice as described in 1).
(3) The component composition of the solid solution is such that the CaO content is 28% by mass to 31% by mass, the SiO 2 content is 18% by mass to 20% by mass, and the Fe content is 14% by mass to 30% by mass. %, Mn content is 16 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less, MgO content is 4 mass% or more and 6 mass% or less, and CaO / SiO 2 ratio is 1.3 or more and 1.6 or less, The iron-containing material for rice according to (2).
( 4 ) A method for producing an iron-containing material for rice according to (2) or (3), wherein a raw material containing oxides of Ca, Si, Fe, Mn, and Mg is melted at 1350 ° C. or higher. And the manufacturing method of the iron-containing material for rice which manufactures to the solid solution which becomes the said composition.
( 5 ) A method for applying an iron-containing material for rice using the iron-containing material for rice according to any one of (1) to ( 3 ), wherein the iron-containing material for rice is used for rice farming before rice planting. In addition to the above, the method of applying iron-containing materials for rice is applied by mixing with soil.
本発明に係る稲用含鉄資材は、従来のマンガン含有資材よりもマンガンの含有量を減らしながら、稲の収量を増加させ、かつ、ごま葉枯病を抑制することが可能になる。 The iron-containing material for rice according to the present invention can increase rice yield and suppress sesame leaf blight while reducing the manganese content as compared with conventional manganese-containing materials.
以下に、本発明の好適な実施の形態について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
（稲用含鉄資材の製造方法について）
まず、本発明の実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材の製造方法について説明する。
(About manufacturing method of iron-containing material for rice)
First, the manufacturing method of the iron-containing material for rice which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材は、ＣａＯ成分、ＳｉＯ２成分、Ｆｅ成分、Ｍｎ成分、及びＭｇＯ成分を、それぞれ所定の割合で含有する。また、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材では、Ｆｅ成分及びＭｎ成分も、主に酸化物として存在するが、肥料組成の表記では、通常、酸化物ではなく、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎそれぞれ単独での含有量で表す。
それぞれの成分とその含有量について、以下に説明する。
The iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment contains a CaO component, a SiO 2 component, an Fe component, a Mn component, and a MgO component at predetermined ratios. Moreover, in the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment, the Fe component and the Mn component are also mainly present as oxides. However, in the notation of fertilizer composition, Fe, Mn is usually contained alone, not oxides. Expressed in quantity.
Each component and its content will be described below.
本発明において、稲用含鉄資材に含有される成分であるＣａＯは、二価のカルシウム酸化物の含有量を表わし、また、ＳｉＯ２は、４価の酸化ケイ素の含有量を表し、Ｆｅは、酸化鉄として存在する遷移元素であるＦｅの含有量を表わし、Ｍｎは、酸化マンガンとして存在する遷移元素であるＭｎの含有量を表す。また、ＭｇＯは、２価のマグネシウム酸化物の含有量を表す。 In the present invention, CaO which is a component contained in the iron-containing material for rice represents the content of divalent calcium oxide, and SiO 2 represents the content of tetravalent silicon oxide, Fe is The content of Fe, which is a transition element present as iron oxide, is represented, and Mn represents the content of Mn, which is a transition element present as manganese oxide. MgO represents the content of divalent magnesium oxide.
また、これらの必要な成分は、稲用含鉄資材中で均質なものとすることが必要であり、これらの成分を有する原料を配合した後、高温にして、一旦溶融相が生成する状態で均一性を向上させて、固溶体とすることが好ましい。また、必要な成分を均質なものとすることができる形態としては、例えば、原料粉体同士を混合する形態（粉体からなる）等が挙げられる。 In addition, these necessary components must be homogeneous in the iron-containing material for rice, and after blending the raw materials having these components, the mixture is heated to a high temperature and once in a state where a molten phase is generated. It is preferable to improve the property to form a solid solution. Moreover, as a form which can make a required component homogeneous, the form (it consists of powder) etc. which mix raw material powder are mentioned, for example.
ＣａＯ成分のための原料としては、例えば生石灰（主成分：ＣａＯ）や高温でか焼分離する石灰石（主成分ＣａＣＯ３）、消石灰（主成分Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２）や複合酸化物であるＣａＯ・３Ｐ２Ｏ５などの複合酸化物を用いればよい。 Examples of the raw material for the CaO component include quick lime (main component: CaO), limestone (main component CaCO 3 ) that is calcined and separated at a high temperature, slaked lime (main component Ca (OH) 2 ), and complex oxides such as CaO. A composite oxide such as 3P 2 O 5 may be used.
ＳｉＯ２成分のための原料としては、例えば川砂などのＳｉＯ２分やフライアッシュ（焼却灰）などを用いればよい。 As a raw material for the SiO 2 component, for example, SiO 2 minutes and fly ash (ash) such as river sand or the like may be used.
ＣａＯ成分及びＳｉＯ２成分を共に含む原料としては、製鉄業で副産物として産出されるスラグなどを、適宜使用することができる。 As a raw material containing both the CaO component and the SiO 2 component, slag produced as a by-product in the steel industry can be used as appropriate.
Ｆｅ成分のための原料としては、例えば、ＦｅＯ（ウスタイト）、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３（ヘマタイト）、Ｆｅ３Ｏ４（マグネタイト）などを含有する物質を用いればよい。 As a raw material for the Fe component, for example, a substance containing FeO (wustite), Fe 2 O 3 (hematite), Fe 3 O 4 (magnetite) or the like may be used.
Ｍｎ成分の原料としては、ＭｎＯ、Ｍｎ３Ｏ４、ＭｎＯ２などの各種存在形態でＭｎが含有される物質を用いればよい。 As a raw material of the Mn component, a substance containing Mn in various forms such as MnO, Mn 3 O 4 , and MnO 2 may be used.
なお、コストを抑制するために、鉄やマンガンの原料として、例えば、鉄鉱石、マンガン鉱石、フェロマンガン、シリコマンガンなどの鉱物を用いることも可能である。 In addition, in order to reduce costs, it is also possible to use minerals such as iron ore, manganese ore, ferromanganese, and silicomanganese as raw materials for iron and manganese.
ＭｇＯ成分のための原料としては、ＭｇやＭｇＯなどを含有する物質を用いればよい。かかる物質として、例えば、ドロマイトなどを用いることも可能である。 As a raw material for the MgO component, a substance containing Mg or MgO may be used. As such a substance, for example, dolomite can be used.
また、上記各元素の成分を含む原料として、例えば鉄鋼スラグなどを使用することも可能である。 In addition, for example, steel slag can be used as a raw material containing the components of the above elements.
また、後述するような試作によって製造したサンプルを粉末Ｘ線にて確認したところ、含有物にはガラス構造の主成分であるＳｉＯ２が含まれるため、完全な結晶質では無く、ガラス質状態の相の存在も認められた。しかしながら、稲用含鉄資材としての効果には、ガラス含有率（降温速度を変化させることで含有率を変更した。）による影響は認められなかったことから、各成分の組織形態は、非晶質であっても構わない。 In addition, when a sample manufactured by trial production as will be described later was confirmed by powder X-ray, the inclusion contained SiO 2 which is the main component of the glass structure, so it was not completely crystalline but in a glassy state. The presence of a phase was also observed. However, the effect as a ferrous material for rice was not affected by the glass content (the content was changed by changing the temperature drop rate). It does not matter.
本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材の組成に適合した固溶体とするためには、各元素の原料を配合して電気炉などで加熱すればよい。ここで、加熱に用いる容器は、製造物の最終組成に悪影響を与えないものであれば、各種耐火物や金属容器、セラミックス質のものが使用可能である。また、加熱に際して外部雰囲気の影響を小さくするためにＡｒなどの不活性ガス雰囲気で加熱することが理想的ではあるが、コスト要因となるため、空気中で加熱してもよい。固溶化に当たっては、配合した原料を完全溶融させることが好ましく、加熱温度としては、稲用含鉄資材の成分のうち、最も溶融温度の高い成分の溶融温度を超える温度（例えば、溶融温度＋１００℃程度であり、通常のスラグを使用する場合には概ね１３５０℃以上の高温）に一旦保持して完全溶融であることを確認し、可能であれば鉄棒等を用いて撹拌し、溶融物を均質化することが望ましい。なお、加熱温度は、稲用含鉄資材の全ての成分が完全溶融する温度であればよく、この温度以上に上げることはエネルギーコストが増加するため、なるべく低い方が好ましい。また、溶融炉の耐火物の耐熱温度を超えて加熱してしまうと、溶融炉の成分が溶出してしまうため、加熱温度は、溶融炉の耐火物の耐熱温度以下であることが好ましい。少量で本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材を製造する場合には、例えば、容器であるるつぼとしては、鉄るつぼが利用できる。るつぼをタンマン炉などの炉に入れ、酸素を除くため、例えばＡｒ雰囲気で昇温する。 In order to obtain a solid solution suitable for the composition of the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment, the raw materials for each element may be blended and heated in an electric furnace or the like. Here, as the container used for heating, various refractories, metal containers, and ceramics can be used as long as they do not adversely affect the final composition of the product. In addition, it is ideal to heat in an inert gas atmosphere such as Ar in order to reduce the influence of the external atmosphere at the time of heating. In the case of solid solution, it is preferable to completely melt the blended raw material, and the heating temperature is a temperature exceeding the melting temperature of the component having the highest melting temperature among the components of the iron-containing material for rice (for example, about melting temperature + 100 ° C. If normal slag is used, hold it at a high temperature of approximately 1350 ° C or higher to confirm that it is completely melted. If possible, stir using a steel bar to homogenize the melt. It is desirable to do. The heating temperature may be any temperature at which all the components of the iron-containing material for rice are completely melted. Increasing this temperature to a temperature higher than this temperature is preferable to be as low as possible. Moreover, since the component of a melting furnace will elute if it heats exceeding the heat-resistant temperature of the refractory of a melting furnace, it is preferable that the heating temperature is below the heat-resistant temperature of the refractory of a melting furnace. When producing the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment in a small amount, for example, an iron crucible can be used as a crucible serving as a container. The crucible is put into a furnace such as a Tamman furnace, and the temperature is raised, for example, in an Ar atmosphere in order to remove oxygen.
溶融した後は、溶融物を常温まで温度を下げることにより、固化させる。固化した資材は、破砕、粉砕して、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材として使用可能である。 After melting, the melt is solidified by lowering the temperature to room temperature. The solidified material can be crushed and crushed and used as an iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment.
前述のように処理を行うことで、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材を製造することができるが、上記は製造方法の一例であり、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材の組成を満足するのであれば、これ以外の製造方法で本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材を製造しても勿論構わない。 By performing the treatment as described above, the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment can be produced, but the above is an example of the production method and satisfies the composition of the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment. If it is, of course, you may manufacture the iron-containing material for rice which concerns on this embodiment with a manufacturing method other than this.
なお、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材を製造するために用いる原料となる可能性があるフェロマンガン、石灰石、鉄鉱スラグなどの元素の含有量は、ある程度ばらつく。また、原料を溶解させる容器から溶出する容器成分の影響や、溶融物がしっかりと撹拌されず固溶体が偏析することなどによっても、稲用含鉄資材の組成がばらつく原因となる。このような組成のばらつきを防ぐために、なるべく均質な原料を用いること、容器成分が溶出しにくい容器を用いること、撹拌によって溶融物の均質化を図ることなどが望ましい。 In addition, content of elements, such as ferromanganese, limestone, and iron ore slag which may become a raw material used for manufacturing the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment varies to some extent. In addition, the composition of the iron-containing material for rice also varies due to the influence of the container components eluted from the container in which the raw material is dissolved, and the melt is not agitated and the solid solution is segregated. In order to prevent such variations in composition, it is desirable to use as homogeneous a raw material as possible, to use a container in which container components are not easily eluted, and to homogenize the melt by stirring.
（稲用含鉄資材について）
次に、本実施形態で使用する稲用含鉄資材の組成について、説明する。組成は、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材の質量を１００％とした場合の、各成分の質量％で表わす。
(About iron-containing materials for rice)
Next, the composition of the iron-containing material for rice used in this embodiment will be described. The composition is expressed by mass% of each component when the mass of the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment is 100%.
［ＣａＯ：２５質量％〜３４質量％］
本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材に含まれるカルシウムＣａについてであるが、Ｃａは本実施形態に係る資材中で、主にＣａＯあるいは２ＣａＯ・ＳｉＯ２として存在する。組成では、全ＣａをＣａＯとして表わす。ＣａＯあるいは２ＣａＯ・ＳｉＯ２のＣａＯは、水と接するとＣａ（ＯＨ）２となり、アルカリ性となるため、酸性化した土壌を中和する土壌改良効果がある。更に、Ｃａは、根の生長を助け、Ｋ＋の吸収を助ける効果も知られている。
[CaO: 25 mass% to 34 mass%]
Regarding calcium Ca contained in the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment, Ca is mainly present as CaO or 2CaO · SiO 2 in the material according to the present embodiment. In the composition, total Ca is expressed as CaO. CaO of CaO or 2CaO · SiO 2 becomes Ca (OH) 2 when it comes into contact with water and becomes alkaline, and therefore has a soil improvement effect of neutralizing acidified soil. Furthermore, Ca is known to have effects of helping root growth and K + absorption.
なお、ＣａＯが２５質量％未満である場合、稲に必要な十分量のＣａを供給できなくなる可能性がある。 In addition, when CaO is less than 25 mass%, there is a possibility that a sufficient amount of Ca necessary for rice cannot be supplied.
また、ＣａＯが３４質量％超過である場合、稲に供給されるＣａ量は十分であるが、資材中のＣａの含有量が高くなることにより、他の有効成分の含有量を下げなければならないことになってしまう。 In addition, when CaO exceeds 34% by mass, the amount of Ca supplied to rice is sufficient, but the content of other active ingredients must be reduced by increasing the Ca content in the material. It will be.
そこで、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＣａ含有量は、ＣａＯとして、２５質量％以上３４質量％以下とする。ここで、ＣａＯ含有量を２８質量％以上とすることで、根に対して十分なＣａを確実に供給することが可能となるため、ＣａＯ含有量は、２８質量％以上であることがより好ましい。また、ＣａＯ含有量が３１質量％超過３４質量％以下となる場合には、ＣａＯの含有量が高いために、他の有効成分の含有量を下げなければならなくなる可能性もあることから、ＣａＯ含有量は、より好ましくは３１質量％以下である。 Therefore, the Ca content of the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment is 25% by mass or more and 34% by mass or less as CaO. Here, by setting the CaO content to 28% by mass or more, sufficient Ca can be reliably supplied to the roots. Therefore, the CaO content is more preferably 28% by mass or more. . Further, when the CaO content is more than 31% by mass and not more than 34% by mass, since the content of CaO is high, the content of other active ingredients may have to be reduced. The content is more preferably 31% by mass or less.
従って、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＣａ含有量は、ＣａＯとして２８質量％以上３１質量％以下であることがより好ましい。 Therefore, the Ca content of the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment is more preferably 28% by mass or more and 31% by mass or less as CaO.
なお、ＣａＯの含有量は、例えば、蛍光Ｘ線分析法により測定可能である。 The content of CaO can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.
［ＳｉＯ２：１６質量％〜２２質量％］
本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材に含有されるケイ素Ｓｉについてであるが、Ｓｉは、本実施形態に係る資材中で、主に、２ＣａＯ・ＳｉＯ２として存在する。組成では、全ＳｉをＳｉＯ２として表わす。ケイ素Ｓｉは、稲のようなケイ酸植物には必須な元素である。更に、ケイ素Ｓｉは、珪化細胞の形成により、ごま葉枯病の感染を抑制する効果がある。また、植物体を直立させ、光を効率よく受光できるようにして光合成を促進させたり、倒伏を抑制したりする効果もあり、稲の収量の増加に重要な元素である。
[SiO 2 : 16% by mass to 22% by mass]
Regarding silicon Si contained in the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment, Si is mainly present as 2CaO · SiO 2 in the material according to the present embodiment. In the composition, all Si is represented as SiO 2 . Silicon Si is an essential element for silicate plants such as rice. Furthermore, silicon Si has an effect of suppressing infection of sesame leaf blight by forming silicified cells. It is also an important element for increasing the yield of rice because it has the effect of promoting the photosynthesis by suppressing the plant upright and receiving light efficiently, and suppressing lodging.
ＳｉＯ２含有量が１６質量％未満である場合、稲に供給されるケイ酸量が不十分となるため、稲の収量を増加させる効果やごま葉枯病を抑制する効果が発揮できなくなる可能性がある。 When the SiO 2 content is less than 16% by mass, the amount of silicic acid supplied to the rice becomes insufficient, so that the effect of increasing the yield of rice and the effect of suppressing sesame leaf blight may not be exhibited. There is.
また、ＳｉＯ２含有量が２２質量％超過である場合、稲に供給されるケイ酸量は十分ではあるが、資材中のケイ酸含有量を高くすることで、他の有効成分の含有量を下げなければならないことになってしまう。 In addition, when the SiO 2 content exceeds 22% by mass, the amount of silicic acid supplied to the rice is sufficient, but by increasing the silicic acid content in the material, the content of other active ingredients can be reduced. Will have to be lowered.
そこで、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＳｉの含有量は、ＳｉＯ２として、１６質量％以上２２質量％以下とする。ここで、ＳｉＯ２含有量を１８質量％以上とすることで、稲に対して十分なケイ酸量を確実に供給することが可能となるため、ＳｉＯ２含有量は、１８質量％以上であることがより好ましい。また、ＳｉＯ２含有量が２０質量％超過２２質量％以下である場合には、ＳｉＯ２含有量が高いために他の有効成分の含有量を下げなければならなくなる可能性があることから、ＳｉＯ２含有量は、２０質量％以下であることがより好ましい。 Therefore, the content of Si in the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment is 16 mass% or more and 22 mass% or less as SiO 2 . Here, by setting the SiO 2 content of 18 mass% or more, it becomes possible to reliably supply sufficient silicate content relative to rice, SiO 2 content is 18 wt% or more It is more preferable. Further, when the SiO 2 content is more than 20% by mass and not more than 22% by mass, since the SiO 2 content is high, the content of other active ingredients may have to be reduced. The 2 content is more preferably 20% by mass or less.
従って、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＳｉの含有量は、ＳｉＯ２として、１８質量％以上２０質量％以下であることがより好ましい。 Therefore, the content of Si in the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment is more preferably 18% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less as SiO 2 .
なお、ＳｉＯ２含有量は、例えば、蛍光Ｘ線分析法により測定可能である。 The SiO 2 content can be measured, for example, by fluorescent X-ray analysis.
［ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比：１．２〜１．８］
本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比であるが、ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比が１．２以上、１．８以下となる条件で、主に、２ＣａＯ・ＳｉＯ２からのＣａとＳｉの溶出が増し、土壌に効率的にＣａとＳｉを供給することが可能となる。
[CaO / SiO 2 ratio: 1.2 to 1.8]
Is a CaO / SiO 2 ratio of rice for ferrous materials according to the present embodiment, CaO / SiO 2 ratio is 1.2 or more, the condition to be 1.8 or less, mainly, and Ca from 2CaO · SiO 2 Si elution increases and Ca and Si can be efficiently supplied to the soil.
そこで、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比は、１．２以上１．８以下とする。ただし、ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比が、１．２超過１．４未満の場合、及び、１．６超過１．８以下の場合よりも、ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比が１．４以上１．６以下である場合の方がＣａとＳｉの溶出効率が増加する。そのため、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比は、１．４以上１．６以下であることがより好ましい。 Therefore, the CaO / SiO 2 ratio of the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment is set to 1.2 or more and 1.8 or less. However, CaO / SiO 2 ratio, of less than 1.2 exceeded 1.4, and than for 1.6 exceeded 1.8, CaO / SiO 2 ratio is 1.4 to 1.6 In some cases, the elution efficiency of Ca and Si increases. Therefore, the CaO / SiO 2 ratio of the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment is more preferably 1.4 or more and 1.6 or less.
［Ｆｅ：１３質量％〜３３質量％］
本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材に含まれる鉄Ｆｅについてであるが、Ｆｅは、本実施形態に係る資材中で、主に、酸化鉄Ｆｅ２Ｏ３もしくはＦｅＯ、又は、金属鉄Ｆｅとして存在する。鉄は、還元性環境の土壌において根ぐされの原因となる硫化水素Ｈ２Ｓを、Ｆｅと硫化物イオンＳ２−が強力に結合して硫化鉄ＦｅＳとなることで、硫化水素の害を無毒化できる効果がある。硫化水素の無毒化により、根ぐされを抑制でき、稲の生長を促進して、収量を増加させる効果が期待できる。
[Fe: 13% by mass to 33% by mass]
Although the iron Fe contained in rice for ferrous materials according to the present embodiment, Fe is in a material according to the present embodiment mainly includes iron oxide Fe 2 O 3 or FeO, or present as metallic iron Fe To do. Iron is non-toxic to the harm of hydrogen sulfide by making hydrogen sulfide H 2 S, which is rooted in the soil of a reducing environment, strongly combined with Fe and sulfide ions S 2− to form iron sulfide FeS. There is an effect that can be made. Detoxification of hydrogen sulfide can suppress rooting, promote rice growth, and increase yield.
Ｆｅの含有量が１３質量％未満である場合、根ぐされの原因となる硫化水素を無毒化するために十分な量の鉄を土壌に供給できない可能性がある。 When the Fe content is less than 13% by mass, there is a possibility that a sufficient amount of iron cannot be supplied to the soil to detoxify the hydrogen sulfide that causes rooting.
また、Ｆｅの含有量が３３質量％超過である場合、資材中の鉄含有量が高いため、Ｃａ、Ｓｉ、Ｍｎなどの他の有効成分の含有量を下げなければならないことになってしまう。また、金属鉄の含有量も増える可能性があるため、土壌を逆に還元性にしてしまう可能性もある。 Further, when the Fe content is more than 33% by mass, the content of other active ingredients such as Ca, Si, and Mn must be reduced because the iron content in the material is high. Moreover, since there is a possibility that the content of metallic iron may also increase, there is a possibility that the soil is made reducible.
そこで、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＦｅ含有量は、１３質量％以上３３質量％以下とする。ここで、Ｆｅ含有量を１４質量％以上とすることで、硫化水素を無毒化して根ぐされを防止するために十分なＦｅの量をより確実に実現することができるため、Ｆｅ含有量は、１４質量％以上であることがより好ましい。また、Ｆｅ含有量が３０質量％超過３３質量％以下である場合には、Ｆｅ含有量が高いために、他の有効成分の含有量を下げなければならなくなる可能性があることから、Ｆｅ含有量は、３０質量％以下であることがより好ましい。 Therefore, the Fe content of the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment is set to 13% by mass or more and 33% by mass or less. Here, by setting the Fe content to 14% by mass or more, an amount of Fe sufficient to detoxify hydrogen sulfide and prevent rooting can be more reliably realized. It is more preferable that it is 14 mass% or more. Further, when the Fe content is more than 30% by mass and not more than 33% by mass, since the Fe content is high, the content of other active ingredients may have to be reduced. The amount is more preferably 30% by mass or less.
従って、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＦｅ含有量は、１４質量％以上３０質量％以下であることがより好ましい。 Therefore, the Fe content of the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment is more preferably 14% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.
なお、Ｆｅの含有量は、例えば、蛍光Ｘ線分析法により測定可能である。 The Fe content can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.
［Ｍｎ：７質量％〜２２質量％］
本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材に含まれるマンガンＭｎについてであるが、マンガンＭｎは、ごま葉枯病の抑制に有効な元素である。また、マンガンＭｎは、鉄Ｆｅとともに還元性の土壌を酸化的にすることで、根ぐされの抑制にも効果がある元素である。
[Mn: 7% to 22% by mass]
Regarding manganese Mn contained in the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment, manganese Mn is an element effective for suppressing sesame leaf blight. Further, manganese Mn is an element that is effective in suppressing rooting by making reducing soil oxidative with iron Fe.
Ｍｎの含有量が７質量％未満である場合、土壌へのマンガンＭｎの供給量が少なくなるため、稲にごま葉枯病を抑制するのに十分な量のマンガンＭｎを供給できなくなる可能性がある。 When the content of Mn is less than 7% by mass, the amount of manganese Mn supplied to the soil is reduced, so that there is a possibility that sufficient amount of manganese Mn cannot be supplied to the rice to suppress sesame leaf blight. is there.
一方、Ｍｎの含有量が２２質量％超過となる場合、マンガンＭｎは高価な元素であるため、資材のコストが高くなってしまう。また、Ｍｎの含有量が２２質量％超過となる場合、稲に対してマンガン過剰症等の悪影響を与えてしまう恐れもある。 On the other hand, when the content of Mn exceeds 22% by mass, since manganese Mn is an expensive element, the cost of materials increases. Moreover, when the content of Mn exceeds 22% by mass, there is a risk of adverse effects such as manganese overload on rice.
そこで、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＭｎ含有量は、７質量％以上２２質量％以下とする。ここで、Ｍｎ含有量を８質量％以上とすることで、ごま葉枯病を抑制するために十分なＭｎをより確実に供給することが可能となるため、Ｍｎ含有量は、８質量％以上であることがより好ましい。また、Ｍｎ含有量が、２０質量％超過２２質量％以下である場合には、高価な元素であるＭｎの使用により、資材のコストが高くなる可能性が心配されることから、Ｍｎ含有量は、２０質量％以下であることがより好ましい。 Therefore, the Mn content of the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment is 7% by mass or more and 22% by mass or less. Here, by setting the Mn content to 8% by mass or more, it becomes possible to more reliably supply sufficient Mn to suppress sesame leaf blight, so the Mn content is 8% by mass or more. It is more preferable that In addition, when the Mn content is more than 20% by mass and 22% by mass or less, the use of Mn, which is an expensive element, is concerned about the possibility of increasing the cost of materials, so the Mn content is 20% by mass or less is more preferable.
従って、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＭｎ含有量は、８質量％以上２０質量％以下であることがより好ましい。 Accordingly, the Mn content of the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment is more preferably 8% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.
更に、高価な元素であるＭｎの使用量をより抑えて、かつ、ごま葉枯病抑制効果を両立するために、Ｍｎ含有量を１６質量％以下にまで下げて、資材コストを抑えることが可能である。従って、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＭｎ含有量は、８質量％以上１６質量％以下であることが更に好ましい。 Furthermore, in order to further suppress the amount of expensive element Mn used and to achieve both sesame leaf blight prevention effects, it is possible to reduce the material cost by reducing the Mn content to 16% by mass or less. It is. Therefore, the Mn content of the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment is more preferably 8% by mass or more and 16% by mass or less.
なお、Ｍｎの含有量は、例えば、蛍光Ｘ線分析法により測定可能である。 The Mn content can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.
［ＭｇＯ：２質量％〜８質量％］
本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材に含まれるマグネシウムＭｇについてであるが、Ｍｇは、本実施形態に係る資材中で主にＭｇＯとして存在する。組成では、全Ｍｇを、ＭｇＯとして表わす。マグネシウムＭｇは、カルシウムＣａと共に、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のアルカリ分に寄与する成分である。ＣａＯ含有量とＭｇＯ含有量の和が、ほぼ本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材に含まれるアルカリ分に相当する。マグネシウムＭｇは、植物の光合成に必要な元素である。
[MgO: 2% by mass to 8% by mass]
Although it is about magnesium Mg contained in the iron-containing material for rice which concerns on this embodiment, Mg exists mainly as MgO in the material which concerns on this embodiment. In the composition, total Mg is expressed as MgO. Magnesium Mg, together with calcium Ca, is a component that contributes to the alkalinity of the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment. The sum of the CaO content and the MgO content substantially corresponds to the alkali content contained in the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment. Magnesium Mg is an element necessary for plant photosynthesis.
本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材において、Ｍｇは有効な元素の一つではあるが、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材に含まれる他の元素Ｃａ、Ｓｉ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎと比較すると、重要性は低い。従って、ＣａＯ、ＳｉＯ２、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎの含有量と比較して、ＭｇＯの含有量は、相対的に低い値となっている。 In the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment, Mg is one of effective elements, but it is important when compared with other elements Ca, Si, Fe, Mn contained in the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment. The nature is low. Therefore, the content of MgO is a relatively low value compared to the contents of CaO, SiO 2 , Fe, and Mn.
ただし、ＭｇＯが２質量％未満である場合、土壌に十分量のマグネシウムＭｇを供給できない可能性がある。 However, when MgO is less than 2% by mass, a sufficient amount of magnesium Mg may not be supplied to the soil.
また、ＭｇＯが６質量％超過である場合、Ｍｇの効果は増すが、本発明が目的とする稲の収量増加とごま葉枯病の抑制には、他の元素であるＣａ、Ｓｉ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎなどが十分量含まれることがより望ましいため、ＭｇＯは８質量％で十分である。 In addition, when MgO exceeds 6% by mass, the effect of Mg increases, but other elements such as Ca, Si, Fe, Since it is more desirable that a sufficient amount of Mn and the like is contained, 8% by mass of MgO is sufficient.
そこで、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＭｇ含有量は、ＭｇＯとして、２質量％以上８質量％以下とする。ただし、ＭｇＯ含有量が２質量％以上４質量％未満の場合には、Ｍｇの供給がまだ不足する可能性があるため、ＭｇＯ含有量は、４質量％以上であることがより好ましい。また、ＭｇＯ含有量が６質量％超過８質量％以下の場合は、Ｍｇ含有量が高いために他の有効成分の含有量を下げなければならなくなる可能性があることから、ＭｇＯ含有量は、６質量％以下であることが好ましい。 Then, Mg content of the iron-containing material for rice which concerns on this embodiment shall be 2 mass% or more and 8 mass% or less as MgO. However, when the MgO content is 2% by mass or more and less than 4% by mass, the supply of Mg may still be insufficient, so the MgO content is more preferably 4% by mass or more. Also, if the MgO content is more than 6% by mass and not more than 8% by mass, the content of other active ingredients may have to be reduced because the Mg content is high. It is preferable that it is 6 mass% or less.
従って、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材のＭｇ含有量は、ＭｇＯとして、４質量％以上６質量％以下であることがより好ましい。 Therefore, the Mg content of the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment is more preferably 4% by mass or more and 6% by mass or less as MgO.
なお、ＭｇＯの含有量は、例えば、蛍光Ｘ線分析法により測定可能である。 The content of MgO can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.
［任意添加元素について］
本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材は、他の不可避的不純物となる元素や、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材の効果に悪影響を与えない元素についても、一部含有することができる。ここで、不可避的不純物とは、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材の有効成分であるＣａ、Ｓｉ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｇの原料となる、例えば石灰石、けい砂、鉄鉱石、マンガン鉱石、ドロマイトなどに含まれる、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄肥料の有効成分ではない成分を意味する。
[Optional addition elements]
The iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment can partially contain other elements that are inevitable impurities and elements that do not adversely affect the effect of the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment. Here, the inevitable impurities are, for example, limestone, silica sand, iron ore, manganese ore, and dolomite, which are raw materials for Ca, Si, Fe, Mn, and Mg, which are active ingredients of the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment. The component which is not an active ingredient of the iron-containing fertilizer for rice which concerns on this embodiment contained in etc. is meant.
本発明に記載の有効な成分以外の元素として例えばアルミニウムを含む場合、アルミニウムは、Ａｌ２Ｏ３として換算して、２０質量％まで含むことが可能である。しかし、アルミニウムＡｌは稲にとって有効な成分ではなく、稲用含鉄資材に含まれるＡｌの含有量は、可能な限り低いことが望ましい。なお、Ａｌ２Ｏ３の含有量は、例えば、蛍光Ｘ線分析法により測定可能である。 For example, when aluminum is contained as an element other than the effective component described in the present invention, aluminum can be contained up to 20% by mass in terms of Al 2 O 3 . However, aluminum Al is not an effective component for rice, and the content of Al contained in the iron-containing material for rice is desirably as low as possible. Note that the content of Al 2 O 3 can be measured by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis.
なお、前述のように、ＣａＯ、ＳｉＯ２、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、ＭｇＯに関して、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材での、好ましい含有量、更には、より好ましい含有量について説明した。好ましい含有量の範囲の上限と比べると、より好ましい含有量の範囲の上限が低くなっているため、残部が増えることによって本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材の効果が低くなることが一見、心配される。しかしながら、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材の効果は、各有効成分である元素の単独の効果というよりは、各有効成分である元素がバランスして効果を発揮するため、残部が増えることによる効果低下の心配はない。 As described previously, CaO, SiO 2, Fe, Mn, with respect to MgO, in rice for ferrous materials according to the present embodiment, preferred content, further, has been described more preferable content. Compared with the upper limit of the preferred content range, since the upper limit of the more preferred content range is lower, at first glance, the effect of the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment is reduced due to an increase in the balance. Is done. However, the effect of the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment is due to the balance being increased because the elements as the active ingredients balance and exert the effect rather than the effects of the elements as the active ingredients alone. There is no concern about the decline in effectiveness.
次に、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材の形状についてであるが、比表面積を高くした方が溶出効率が上がるため、粒径２ｍｍ以下であることが好ましい。なお、本実施形態における粒径２ｍｍ以下の稲用含鉄資材としては、２ｍｍのメッシュの篩で篩分けし、篩下を使用すればよい。本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材の形状は、より好ましくは、粉体である。また、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材の粉体を結合剤により造粒したものも、使用することが可能である。 Next, regarding the shape of the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the particle size is 2 mm or less because elution efficiency is increased by increasing the specific surface area. In this embodiment, the iron-containing material for rice having a particle diameter of 2 mm or less may be sieved with a 2 mm mesh sieve and used under the sieve. The shape of the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment is more preferably a powder. Moreover, what granulated the powder of the iron-containing material for rice which concerns on this embodiment with the binder can also be used.
（稲用含鉄資材の施用方法について）
本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材の施用量であるが、本資材の農地への施用量が０．５ｔ／ｈａ未満である場合には、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材に含まれる、稲の収量増加やごま葉枯病抑制に有効な各成分を供給する量が不十分になる可能性がある。
(About the method of applying iron-containing materials for rice)
Although it is the application rate of the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment, if the application rate to the farmland of this material is less than 0.5 t / ha, it is included in the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment, There is a possibility that the amount of each component effective for increasing rice yield and controlling sesame leaf blight will be insufficient.
また、施用量が５ｔ／ｈａ超過となる場合には、必要とされる量以上に各有効成分を供給することになり、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材を過剰量使用することとなって、コストがかかりすぎる可能性がある。 In addition, when the application rate exceeds 5 t / ha, each active ingredient will be supplied in excess of the required amount, and the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment will be used in excess. Could be too expensive.
従って、通常の同種肥料と同様に、本資材の農地への施用量は、０．５ｔ／ｈａ以上５ｔ／ｈａ以下とすることが好ましい。 Therefore, it is preferable that the application rate of this material to the farmland is 0.5 t / ha or more and 5 t / ha or less, as in the case of ordinary same-type fertilizers.
農地への施用時期であるが、有機物の分解により土壌が弱酸性に酸性化しやすくなること、あるいは、根から産生される有機酸によって、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材に含まれる有効成分は、酸性条件でより溶出しやすくなる。従って、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材は、土壌と混合して用いることとする。 Although it is the time of application to agricultural land, the active ingredient contained in the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment due to the fact that the soil is easily acidified by decomposition of organic matter, or the organic acid produced from the root is Elution is easier under acidic conditions. Therefore, the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment is used by mixing with soil.
田植え後は、稲体が存在するため、土壌と本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材を混合することが難しくなる。従って、本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材は、田植え前に農地に加え、土壌と混合することとする。資材と土壌を混合後であれば、いつでも田植えをすることが可能であるが、資材と土壌を混合後２週間程度の期間を置いてから田植えをすることが好ましい。 After rice planting, since rice bodies exist, it becomes difficult to mix the soil and the iron-containing material for rice according to this embodiment. Therefore, the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment is mixed with soil before adding rice to the farmland. Although it is possible to plant rice at any time after mixing the material and soil, it is preferable to plant the rice after a period of about two weeks after mixing the material and soil.
なお、ごま葉枯病の発病度を知るための指標として、葉発病度、穂枯れ発病度がある。
葉発病度、穂枯れ発病度ともに、発病度は、以下の式で計算される。なお、以下の式中のＡ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄは、それぞれ、調査株における下記の葉発病度又は穂枯れ発病度の基準Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄを満たす株数を示す。
In addition, as an index for knowing the onset degree of sesame leaf blight, there are a leaf onset degree and a head blight degree.
The degree of disease is calculated by the following equation for both the degree of leaf attack and the degree of head blight. In addition, A, B, C, D in the following formula | equation shows the number of strains which satisfy | fill the criteria A, B, C, D of the following leaf morbidity degree or ear blight disease degree in a research strain, respectively.
発病度＝｛（４Ａ＋３Ｂ＋２Ｃ＋Ｄ）／（調査株数×４）｝×１００ Disease severity = {(4A + 3B + 2C + D) / (Number of investigated strains × 4)} × 100
ごま葉枯病では、２５株について、下記の基準により、発病程度別株数を調査し、発病度を算出する。 In the case of sesame leaf blight, the number of strains is examined for 25 strains according to the following criteria, and the disease severity is calculated.
葉発病度では、株ごとの葉身の発病程度の基準は、下記の通りである。
Ａ：上位葉に非常に多くの病斑が認められる。上位３葉での枯死葉も認められる。
Ｂ：上位葉にかなり多くの病斑が認められる。上位３葉に一部枯死葉が認められる。
Ｃ：上位葉に病斑がかなり認められる。
Ｄ：上位葉にわずかに病斑が認められる。
Ｅ：発病なし。
The standard of the degree of leaf blade disease for each strain is as follows.
A: A large number of lesions are observed in the upper leaves. Dead leaves in the top three leaves are also observed.
B: A considerable number of lesions are observed in the upper leaves. Some dead leaves are found in the top three leaves.
C: Significant lesions are observed in the upper leaves.
D: Slight lesions are observed on the upper leaves.
E: No illness.
穂枯れ発病度では、株ごとの穂の発病程度の基準は、下記の通りである。
Ａ：穂枯れ症状が１株穂数の２／３以上に認められる。
Ｂ：穂枯れ症状が１株穂数の１／３〜２／３程度に認められる。
Ｃ：穂枯れ症状が１株穂数の１／３以下に認められる。
Ｄ：穂枯れ症状は認めないが、葉身に発病が見られる。
Ｅ：発病なし。
The standard of the degree of head disease for each strain is as follows.
A: The ear withering symptom is observed in 2/3 or more of the number of spikes per strain.
B: Symptoms of withering are observed in about 1/3 to 2/3 of the number of spikes per strain.
C: The ear withering symptom is observed in 1/3 or less of the number of spikes per strain.
D: No wilt symptoms are observed, but the leaf blades are affected.
E: No illness.
ここで、上記の葉発病度、穂枯れ発病度ともに、値が大きいほど、ごま葉枯れが発病していることを表す。 Here, the larger the value of both the leaf disease severity and the ear blight disease severity, the more sesame leaf blight disease is occurring.
上記のように本実施形態に係る稲用含鉄資材を施用することにより、水稲の収量を増加させ、かつ、ごま葉枯病の抑制が可能となる。 By applying the iron-containing material for rice according to the present embodiment as described above, the yield of paddy rice can be increased and sesame leaf blight can be suppressed.
以下、実施例により本発明を更に具体的に説明する。但し、本発明はこれら実施例にその技術的範囲が限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.
（実施例１）
以下の表１に示したように、ＡからＤの資材を、原料となる試薬を混合することで調製した。鉄製るつぼ（内径５０ｍｍ、高さ１７０ｍｍ）に混合調製した試薬を挿入し、雰囲気制御が可能な縦型抵抗炉内で、Ａｒガス雰囲気中で１３５０℃まで昇温した。
Example 1
As shown in Table 1 below, A to D materials were prepared by mixing the raw material reagents. The mixed and prepared reagent was inserted into an iron crucible (inner diameter: 50 mm, height: 170 mm), and the temperature was raised to 1350 ° C. in an Ar gas atmosphere in a vertical resistance furnace capable of controlling the atmosphere.
１３５０℃に到達後、溶融状況の確認と均一状態にするための撹拌を目的に、１５秒間上部から純鉄棒を用いて撹拌し、その後、６０分間保持後した後、室温まで炉内冷却した。 After reaching 1350 ° C., for the purpose of confirming the melting state and stirring for achieving a uniform state, stirring was performed from the top for 15 seconds using a pure iron rod, and after holding for 60 minutes, the furnace was cooled to room temperature.
冷却完了後に、固化したＡからＤの各サンプルを、鉄製るつぼを切断して回収した。 After the cooling was completed, the solidified samples A to D were collected by cutting an iron crucible.
作製した資材ＡからＤの組成の分析値を、作製で目標としたねらい値と共に、以下の表２に示した。 The analytical values of the compositions of the produced materials A to D are shown in Table 2 below together with the target values for the production.
以下の表２に示したように、資材ＡからＤは、本発明の稲用含鉄資材の組成である、ＣａＯの含有量が２５質量％以上３４質量％以下、より好ましくは、２８質量％以上３１質量％以下、ＳｉＯ２の含有量が１６質量％以上２２質量％以下、より好ましくは、１８質量％以上２０質量％以下、Ｆｅの含有量が１３質量％以上３３質量％以下、より好ましくは、１４質量％以上３０質量％以下、Ｍｎの含有量が７質量％以上２２質量％以下、より好ましくは、８質量％以上２０質量％以下、さらに、より好ましくは、８質量％以上１６質量％以下、ＭｇＯの含有量が２質量％以上８質量％以下、より好ましくは、４質量％以上６質量％以下（質量％）かつＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比が１．２以上１．８以下、より好ましくは、１．３以上１．６以下なる組成を満足することが確認できた。 As shown in Table 2 below, the materials A to D are the composition of the iron-containing material for rice of the present invention, and the content of CaO is 25% by mass or more and 34% by mass or less, more preferably 28% by mass or more. 31% by mass or less, SiO 2 content of 16% by mass or more and 22% by mass or less, more preferably 18% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, and Fe content of 13% by mass or more and 33% by mass or less, more preferably 14 mass% or more and 30 mass% or less, Mn content is 7 mass% or more and 22 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 8 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 8 mass% or more and 16 mass% or less. Hereinafter, the MgO content is 2% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less, more preferably 4% by mass or more and 6% by mass or less (% by mass), and the CaO / SiO 2 ratio is 1.2 or more and 1.8 or less, more preferably. 1.3 to 1.6 It was confirmed that satisfies the composition that.
ただし、鉄るつぼを使用した影響か、作製した資材の鉄含有量は、ねらい値よりも高い値となった。また、資材Ｂでは、ＣａＯ含有量がねらい値よりも相対的に１２質量％程度高い値（｛（３１−２７．６）／２７．６｝×１００≒１２）となった。また、資材Ｄでは、ＳｉＯ２含有量がねらい値よりも相対的に９質量％程度低い値となった。従って、鉄るつぼを用いる場合には、鉄るつぼ由来の鉄の溶出により、ねらい値からはずれる場合があり、本発明の成分組成範囲から外れた場合には、適宜調整が必要であることがわかった。 However, the effect of using an iron crucible or the iron content of the produced material was higher than the target value. Further, in the material B, the CaO content was a value ({(31-27.6) /27.6} × 100≈12) that is relatively about 12% by mass higher than the target value. In addition, in the material D, the SiO 2 content was relatively lower by about 9% by mass than the target value. Therefore, when using an iron crucible, it was found that the elution of iron derived from the iron crucible may deviate from the target value, and if it deviates from the component composition range of the present invention, it was found that appropriate adjustment is necessary. .
（実施例２）
ごま葉枯病の発生地域に位置する、田植え前の水田の土壌に、基肥として窒素、リン酸、加里（カリウム）をＮ、Ｐ２Ｏ５、Ｋ２Ｏとしてそれぞれ６０ｋｇ／ｈａずつ加えた。この水田に０．６×０．５ｍの枠を設置し、その中に、以下の表３に組成を示した７種類の資材で粒径２ｍｍ以下のものを、各３０ｇずつ加えた（施用量１ｔ／ｈａ）。これら７種類の資材のうち、資材２〜５は、実施例１の表２に組成を示した資材Ａ〜Ｄであり、実施例１に記した方法により製造した。また、資材１、６、７は、市販の資材を用いた。
(Example 2)
Nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium (potassium) were added as basic fertilizers as N, P 2 O 5 , and K 2 O at 60 kg / ha, respectively, to the soil of paddy fields before rice planting, located in the area where sesame leaf blight occurred. A 0.6 × 0.5 m frame was installed in this paddy field, and 30 g of each of the seven types of materials shown in Table 3 below having a particle size of 2 mm or less were added (application amount). 1 t / ha). Among these seven kinds of materials, materials 2 to 5 are materials A to D whose compositions are shown in Table 2 of Example 1, and were manufactured by the method described in Example 1. Moreover, the materials 1, 6, and 7 used commercially available materials.
深さ１０ｃｍの土壌とよく混合した後、苗（品種：コシヒカリＢＬ）を４本１株として６株を各枠内に植えて、収穫期まで栽培した。各資材につき、３反復で試験を行った。なお、対照として、資材を加えない枠も用意して、同様の条件で試験を実施した。 After mixing well with soil having a depth of 10 cm, four seedlings (variety: Koshihikari BL) were planted in each frame as 6 strains and cultivated until the harvest period. Each material was tested in triplicate. As a control, a frame without material was prepared and the test was performed under the same conditions.
収穫期に各枠６株について、ごま葉枯病の葉発病、穂発病を調査した。結果を、以下の表４に示した。更に、田植え後４ヶ月後に、収量調査を行った。各枠内の６株全てを刈り取りし、精玄米重、千粒重を調査した。結果を、以下の表５に示す。 During the harvesting period, the leaves and ears of sesame leaf blight were investigated for each of the 6 strains. The results are shown in Table 4 below. Furthermore, a yield survey was conducted 4 months after rice planting. All 6 strains within each frame were cut and examined for the weight of milled rice and 1000 grains. The results are shown in Table 5 below.
表４に示したように、ごま葉枯病の葉発病度は、資材６を除くいずれの資材を用いた場合でも、対照区より低い値となった。また、穂枯れ発病度は、資材１から７のいずれの資材を用いた場合でも、対照区より低い値となった。従って、資材６を除く、資材１、２、３、４、５、７は、ごま葉枯病の抑制効果があることがわかった。 As shown in Table 4, the leaf incidence of sesame leaf blight was lower than that of the control group when any material except material 6 was used. In addition, the severity of the disease withering was lower than that of the control group when any of the materials 1 to 7 was used. Therefore, it was found that the materials 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 except the material 6 have an effect of suppressing sesame leaf blight.
次に、表５に示したように、収量（精玄米重）は、資材１から７のいずれの資材を用いた場合でも、対照区より増加した。従って、資材１から７のいずれの資材も、稲の収量を増加させる効果があることがわかった。 Next, as shown in Table 5, the yield (refined brown rice weight) increased from the control group when any of the materials 1 to 7 was used. Therefore, it was found that any of the materials 1 to 7 has an effect of increasing the yield of rice.
収量が多かった順に、資材３、資材４、資材５、資材２、資材７、資材１、資材６、対照区の順になった。資材１は、高価なマンガンをＭｎを３０質量％も含むのにも関わらず、収量の増加効果は、資材３、資材４、資材５、資材２、資材７よりも低かった。 In order of increasing yield, it was in the order of Material 3, Material 4, Material 5, Material 2, Material 7, Material 1, Material 6, and Control Zone. Although the material 1 contains expensive manganese and Mn as much as 30% by mass, the yield increase effect was lower than that of the material 3, the material 4, the material 5, the material 2, and the material 7.
収量増加の効果が高かった、上位４種類の資材、資材３、資材４、資材５、資材２は、表２の結果より、ごま葉枯病を抑制する効果があることもわかった。 From the results shown in Table 2, it was also found that the top four types of materials, material 3, material 4, material 5, and material 2, which had a high yield increase effect, were effective in suppressing sesame leaf blight.
ごま葉枯病の発病抑制効果が強い資材１は、同程度の発病抑制効果を示した資材２や、発病抑制効果が若干弱い資材３、４、５と比較して、収量増加効果は低かった。米の収量増加には、ごま葉枯病の抑制効果のみならず、資材１で相対的に含有量が低いＣａやＦｅなどによる肥料効果も、収量増加には関係していることが考えられる。 The material 1 having a strong effect of suppressing sesame leaf blight is less effective in increasing the yield than the material 2 having the same effect of suppressing the disease and the materials 3, 4 and 5 having a slightly weak effect of suppressing the disease. . It is considered that not only the effect of suppressing sesame leaf blight, but also the effect of fertilizers such as Ca and Fe, which are relatively low in the material 1, are related to the increase in the yield of rice.
資材３、資材４、資材５、資材２は、収量増加効果が低かった資材７、資材１、資材６とは異なり、本発明の稲用含鉄資材の組成である、ＣａＯの含有量が２５質量％以上３４質量％以下、より好ましくは、２８質量％以上３１質量％以下、ＳｉＯ２の含有量が１６質量％以上２２質量％以下、より好ましくは、１８質量％以上２０質量％以下、Ｆｅの含有量が１３質量％以上３３質量％以下、より好ましくは、１４質量％以上３０質量％以下、Ｍｎの含有量が７質量％以上２２質量％以下、より好ましくは、８質量％以上２０質量％以下、更に、より好ましくは、８質量％以上１６質量％以下、ＭｇＯの含有量が２質量％以上８質量％以下、より好ましくは、４質量％以上６質量％以下かつＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比が１．２以上１．８以下、より好ましくは、１．３以上１．６以下なる組成を満足する資材である。 Material 3, Material 4, Material 5, and Material 2 are different from Materials 7, 1, and 6 in which the effect of increasing the yield was low, and the content of CaO, which is the composition of the iron-containing material for rice of the present invention, is 25 mass. % To 34% by mass, more preferably 28% to 31% by mass, SiO 2 content of 16% to 22% by mass, more preferably 18% to 20% by mass, The content is 13% by mass to 33% by mass, more preferably 14% by mass to 30% by mass, and the Mn content is 7% by mass to 22% by mass, more preferably 8% by mass to 20% by mass. or less, more, more preferably 16 wt% 8 wt% or more or less, the content of MgO is 2 mass% or more and 8 mass% or less, more preferably 4 mass% or more and 6 mass% and CaO / SiO 2 ratio 1.2 to 1.8, Ri is preferably a material that satisfies the composition comprising 1.3 to 1.6.
従って、本発明のＣａＯの含有量が２５質量％以上３４質量％以下、より好ましくは、２８質量％以上３１質量％以下、ＳｉＯ２の含有量が１６質量％以上２２質量％以下、より好ましくは、１８質量％以上２０質量％以下、Ｆｅの含有量が１３質量％以上３３質量％以下、より好ましくは、１４質量％以上３０質量％以下、Ｍｎの含有量が７質量％以上２２質量％以下、より好ましくは、８質量％以上２０質量％以下、更に、より好ましくは、８質量％以上１６質量％以下、ＭｇＯの含有量が２質量％以上８質量％以下、より好ましくは、４質量％以上６質量％以下かつＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比が１．２以上１．８以下、より好ましくは、１．３以上１．６以下なる組成の稲用含鉄資材を田植え前に施用することにより、稲の収量を増加させ、かつ、ごま葉枯病を抑制する効果があることが実証できた。 Therefore, the content of CaO of the present invention is 25% by mass or more and 34% by mass or less, more preferably 28% by mass or more and 31% by mass or less, and the content of SiO 2 is 16% by mass or more and 22% by mass or less, more preferably. 18 mass% to 20 mass%, Fe content is 13 mass% to 33 mass%, more preferably 14 mass% to 30 mass%, and Mn content is 7 mass% to 22 mass%. More preferably, it is 8 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 8 mass% or more and 16 mass% or less, MgO content is 2 mass% or more and 8 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 4 mass% By applying the iron-containing material for rice having a composition of 6 mass% or less and a CaO / SiO 2 ratio of 1.2 to 1.8, more preferably 1.3 to 1.6 before rice planting, Increase the yield of And it could be demonstrated that there is an effect of suppressing Gomaha blight.
以上、本発明の好適な実施形態について詳細に説明したが、本発明はかかる例に限定されない。本発明の属する技術の分野における通常の知識を有する者であれば、特許請求の範囲に記載された技術的思想の範疇内において、各種の変更例または修正例に想到し得ることは明らかであり、これらについても、当然に本発明の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。
As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described in detail, this invention is not limited to this example. It is obvious that a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can come up with various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. Of course, it is understood that these also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
Ｃａ、Ｓｉ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、及び、Ｍｇのそれぞれの酸化物を含む原料を１３５０℃以上で溶融して、前記組成となるような固溶体に製造する、稲用含鉄資材の製造方法。 A method for producing the iron-containing material for rice according to claim 2 or 3 ,
A method for producing an iron-containing material for rice, wherein a raw material containing respective oxides of Ca, Si, Fe, Mn, and Mg is melted at 1350 ° C. or more to produce a solid solution having the above composition.
前記稲用含鉄資材を、田植えの前に稲作農地に加え、土壌と混合して施用する、稲用含鉄資材の施用方法。
A method for applying an iron-containing material for rice using the iron-containing material for rice according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
A method for applying iron-containing material for rice, wherein the iron-containing material for rice is added to rice farmland before rice planting and mixed with soil.
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