JP6464847B2 - Shared vehicle management apparatus and shared vehicle management method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shared vehicle management apparatus and a shared vehicle management method for managing a plurality of shared vehicles used by a plurality of users.

  A car sharing system in which a plurality of users use a plurality of shared vehicles is known. As such a car sharing system, a so-called drop-off type one-way car sharing system that allows a shared vehicle borrowed from one station to be returned to another station has been proposed.

  In this one-way car sharing system, a station (departure station) that wants to lend a shared vehicle and a station (return station) for returning the shared vehicle after use are set according to the user's request. May be unevenly distributed due to the concentration of user use at other stations.

  On the other hand, for example, by asking the user to move a shared vehicle that exists at a certain station to another station and paying the consideration when moving the shared vehicle according to the request, A technique for mitigating the uneven distribution of shared vehicles at a station is known. (Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-170283

  On the other hand, in the one-way car sharing system, the driving energy (for gasoline vehicles that are driven by an internal combustion engine, etc.) is appropriately used for the shared vehicle used by the user. It is necessary to replenish. As a method of replenishing the driving energy of the shared vehicle, a method of replenishing using a replenishment device installed in advance at each station is conceivable. However, there is a need to increase the number of stations in order to improve user convenience. When the number of stations is increased, it is difficult to install replenishing devices at all stations from the viewpoint of installation cost and installation space. Therefore, in a one-way car sharing system, a station where a replenishing device is installed and a station where a replenishing device is not installed are usually mixed.

  Under such circumstances, the technique described in Patent Document 1 requests the user to move the shared vehicle without considering whether or not a replenishing device is installed at each station. Therefore, if the user moves a shared vehicle with low remaining drive energy to a station where no replenishment device is installed, the shared vehicle after the move may not be able to operate due to lack of drive energy. There is a problem that the vehicle cannot be operated efficiently. In other words, there is a problem that it is necessary to replenish driving energy by moving a shared vehicle that lacks driving energy to a station or maintenance facility where a replenishing device is installed, thereby reducing the operating rate of the shared vehicle. is there.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the operation rate of a shared vehicle in a one-way car sharing system in which a station where a replenishing device is installed and a station where a replenishing device is not installed are mixed. is there.

  The present invention is based on information on whether or not a replenishment device is installed at a return station set by a user who has accepted a use reservation, and a determination result on whether or not the remaining amount of driving energy of the shared vehicle is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. The above-mentioned problem is solved by selecting a shared vehicle to be lent to the user.

  According to the present invention, in order to select the shared vehicle to be lent to the user based on the information on whether or not the replenishment device is installed in the set return station and the determination result of the remaining amount of driving energy of the shared vehicle, The suspension of the operation of the shared vehicle due to the shortage is suppressed, and the operation rate of the shared vehicle is improved.

In a shared vehicle management system provided with a shared vehicle management device concerning an embodiment of the present invention, it is an outline figure showing an example of a method for a user to use a shared vehicle. It is a lineblock diagram of a common vehicle management system provided with a common vehicle management device concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the station by which the shared vehicle which the shared vehicle management system of FIG. 1B manages is arrange | positioned. It is a figure which shows the example of the method of selecting the common vehicle Vn which lends to a user. It is a figure which shows the example of the method of determining whether the residual amount of drive energy is more than the predetermined threshold value V for every shared vehicle Vn. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the control procedure which manages utilization and return of a shared vehicle by the shared vehicle management apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the example of the control procedure which selects the shared vehicle which lends to a user by the shared vehicle management apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a shared vehicle management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In the present embodiment, the shared vehicle management apparatus will be described using an example in which a shared vehicle management system is applied to a shared vehicle management system in which a plurality of users share a plurality of shared vehicles arranged at a plurality of stations. In the car sharing system of the present embodiment, the station that borrows the shared vehicle and the station that returns the shared vehicle may be the same or different. Each station is a place where shared vehicles can be parked, shared vehicles can be rented and returned, and shared vehicles that are not in use can be placed on standby. Car park etc. are mentioned.

  Here, FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a method in which a user uses a shared vehicle in the shared vehicle management system 1000 including the shared vehicle management apparatus 100 of the present embodiment. In FIG. 1A, the user U1 uses the shared vehicle V2, and the station ST2 is set as a station (return station) for returning the shared vehicle V2 after use, while the user U2 uses the user terminal device 400X. This shows a scene where one of the shared vehicles is going to be reserved for use. In the shared vehicle management system 1000 of the present embodiment, the user U2 operates the user terminal device 400X to thereby select a station (for sharing a shared vehicle from a plurality of stations managed by the shared vehicle management device 100). Select (Departure Station) and make a reservation for use of the shared vehicle waiting at the selected departure station.

  For example, in the scene shown in FIG. 1A, when the user U2 selects the station ST1 as the departure station, the shared vehicle V1 waiting at the station ST1 can be reserved for use. In this case, any station may be set as a station (return station) for returning the shared vehicle after use. Alternatively, the user U2 may set the return station at a desired timing after making a use reservation for the shared vehicle. As a result, the user can get on the reserved shared vehicle and use the shared vehicle, and then return the used shared vehicle to the set-up return station, thereby enabling a one-way car sharing system that can be discarded. It can be used.

  On the other hand, in the scene shown in FIG. 1A, when the user U2 selects the station ST2 as the departure station, there is no shared vehicle waiting on the station ST2. Information indicating that there is no currently available shared vehicle and the shared vehicle cannot be rented from the station ST2 is transmitted to the user terminal device 400X of the user U2. Alternatively, in the scene shown in FIG. 1A, when the user U2 selects the station ST2 as the departure station, the shared vehicle management device 100 maintains a state where the shared vehicle rental cannot be accepted.

  The above is the basic configuration of the one-way car sharing system in the present embodiment. In this embodiment, in such a one-way car sharing system, the shared vehicle management apparatus 100 performs a process of selecting a shared vehicle extracted based on a predetermined condition as a vehicle to be lent to the user. .

  FIG. 1B is a configuration diagram showing the shared vehicle management system 1000 of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1B, the shared vehicle management system 1000 of this embodiment includes a shared vehicle management device 100 and a plurality of shared vehicles V1 to Vn (hereinafter, collectively referred to as a shared vehicle Vn) used by a plurality of users. In-vehicle devices 200V1 to 200Vn (hereinafter may be collectively referred to as in-vehicle devices 200Vn) and user terminal devices 400X to 400Z (hereinafter referred to as user terminal devices 400X) respectively possessed by a plurality of users. And). The number of in-vehicle devices 200V1 to 200Vn and user terminal devices 400X to 400Z constituting the shared vehicle management system 1000 of the present embodiment is not limited.

  The shared vehicle management device 100, the in-vehicle devices 200V1 to 200Vn, and the user terminal devices 400X to 400Z are each provided with a communication device (20, 220, 420), and exchange information with each other via an electric communication network such as the Internet 300. Is possible. The communication path may be wired or wireless.

  The user terminal device 400X of the present embodiment executes a ROM (Read Only Memory) in which a program applied to the user terminal device 400X according to the present embodiment of the present invention is stored, and the program stored in the ROM. The computer includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) as an operation circuit that executes each function and a RAM (Random Access Memory) that functions as an accessible storage device. The user terminal device 400X of the present embodiment may be a personal computer, a smart phone, or a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) or other portable terminal device.

  The user terminal device 400X of the present embodiment communicates with an input device 410 that accepts input information such as a reservation for use of a shared vehicle Vn at a desired departure station by each user, and an external device such as the shared vehicle management device 100. The communication apparatus 420 to perform, the display apparatus 430 for notifying each user of information, and the control apparatus 440 which performs the control process of utilization of the shared vehicle Vn by a user are provided.

  As the input device 410 of the user terminal device 400X, for example, a device such as a touch panel or a joystick arranged on a display screen that can be manually input by the user, or a microphone that can be input by the user's voice is used. it can. Examples of the display device 430 include a display. When a touch panel display is used, the display device 430 can also be used as the input device 410.

  The control device 440 of the present embodiment uses the position acquisition device such as a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver (not shown) provided in the user terminal device 400X to obtain information on the current position of the user who operates the user terminal device 400X. The acquired current position information is transmitted to the shared vehicle management apparatus 100 via the communication apparatus 420.

  In addition, the control device 440 receives input information such as a reservation for use of the shared vehicle Vn by each user, and transmits the input information to the shared vehicle management device 100 via the communication device 420. In the present embodiment, as the use reservation for the shared vehicle Vn, immediate use in which the user starts using the shared vehicle Vn immediately after sending the use reservation, or reserved use in which the use of the shared vehicle Vn is started from a desired time. Reservation for such as.

  In the use reservation described above, the user ID information, the user's current location information, the departure station information set by the user, the ID information of the shared vehicle Vn that the user wants to use, the return station information set by the user, etc. Is included. In the car sharing system of the present embodiment, the use reservation may not include information on the use start time of the shared vehicle Vn by the user and the return time of the shared vehicle Vn by the user. That is, in the car sharing system of the present embodiment, the user can start using the shared vehicle Vn and return it at any timing without setting the use start time and return time of the shared vehicle Vn. In addition, the user terminal device 400X of this embodiment receives the information of each station, the information of the shared vehicle Vn of the use candidate in each station, etc. from the shared vehicle management apparatus 100 as needed.

  In addition, in the present embodiment, at least one of the user terminal device 400X and the in-vehicle device 200Vn may function as a navigation device for guiding the travel route of the shared vehicle Vn to the user. When the user terminal device 400X functions as a navigation device, the user terminal device 400X stores map information in, for example, a ROM provided in the user terminal device 400X in advance, and the display device 430 stores the map information together with the map information. The current position of the shared vehicle Vn currently used by the user and the position of the return station set by the user are displayed, and the travel route from the current position of the shared vehicle Vn to the return station is guided. Can do.

The in-vehicle device 200Vn of this embodiment includes a GPS receiver 210 that detects the current position of each shared vehicle Vn, a communication device 220 that communicates with an external device such as the shared vehicle management device 100, and use of the shared vehicle Vn by a user. And a control device 230 that executes the control process.
This in-vehicle device 200Vn may be a simple mechanism using the function of the user terminal device 400X. For example, when a GPS receiver, a communication device, a route calculation and route guidance device, etc. are mounted on the user terminal device 400X, the function is used, and the in-vehicle device 200Vn performs only the following user authentication. May be.

  In the present embodiment, the control device 230 uses the authentication device (not shown) provided in the in-vehicle device 200Vn to match the user who has boarded the shared vehicle Vn with the user who made a use reservation for the shared vehicle Vn. Authenticates whether or not to perform user authentication. For example, the control device 230 uses a device capable of NFC (Near Field Communication) communication as the authentication device, reads the user ID information from the user terminal device 400X owned by the user, a membership card, etc., and further communicates. The shared vehicle management device 100 is accessed via the device 220, reservation information of the shared vehicle Vn is acquired, and user authentication of a user who gets on the shared vehicle Vn is performed.

  In addition, the control device 230 transmits information on the current position acquired using the GPS receiver 210 to the shared vehicle management device 100 via the communication device 220.

  Furthermore, the control device 230 notifies the user of information transmitted from the shared vehicle management device 100 using a display or a speaker (not shown). In the present embodiment, the control device 230 receives, for example, information on each station, information on available shared vehicles Vn at each station, and the like from the shared vehicle management device 100 and notifies the user of the information.

  In the present embodiment, the in-vehicle device 200Vn functions as a navigation device for guiding a travel route from the current position of the shared vehicle Vn to the return station, similar to the user terminal device 400X described above. Also good.

  The shared vehicle management apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment functions as a server of the shared vehicle management system 1000, and executes a control process for managing and managing the car sharing system, an in-vehicle device 200Vn, and a user terminal device 400X. A communication device 20 that can communicate with each other, and a database 30 that stores information received by the communication device 20, information on each shared vehicle Vn, information on each station, and the like are provided.

  In the present embodiment, the control device 10 stores information received from each user terminal device 400X and each in-vehicle device 200Vn via the communication device 20 in the database 30 as appropriate. And the control apparatus 10 manages the utilization and return of the shared vehicle Vn by a user based on the information received by the communication apparatus 20 and the information stored in the database 30 by each function described later.

  For example, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of stations indicated by circles are provided in a predetermined use area (area indicated by a broken line in FIG. 2) on the map, and the user is station ST1. In a situation where the borrowed shared vehicle Vn is used and then the shared vehicle Vn is returned to the station ST2, the control device 10 can manage the use and return of the shared vehicle Vn by the user. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the stations are arranged so that the distances between adjacent stations are equal, but the arrangement is not limited to this.

  Furthermore, the control apparatus 10 performs the process which selects the shared vehicle Vn to lend with respect to the user who reserves utilization of the shared vehicle Vn. Specifically, first, the control device 10 replenishes the return station set by the user with the driving energy of the shared vehicle Vn based on the information on each station stored in the database 30 described later (for example, for example, Extract information about whether or not a refueling device or a charger is installed. Moreover, the control apparatus 10 extracts the shared vehicle Vn which becomes a candidate lent to the user, and information on the remaining amount of driving energy of each extracted shared vehicle Vn (the absolute value of the driving energy may be used). It may be a ratio to the maximum value of driving energy in the vehicle Vn), and it is determined whether or not the remaining amount of driving energy is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold V for each shared vehicle Vn. And the control apparatus 10 performs the process which selects the common vehicle Vn loaned to a user based on the information regarding the presence or absence of the replenishment device in the return station and the determination result of the remaining amount of driving energy of the common vehicle Vn.

  Here, a method of selecting the shared vehicle Vn to be lent out by the control device 10 of the present embodiment will be exemplified with reference to FIG. 3A. In the scene of FIG. 3A, the user has set the station ST3 as a departure station, and the shared vehicle V3 and the shared vehicle V4 are waiting as a rentable shared vehicle Vn at the station ST3. The remaining drive energy of the shared vehicle V3 is 40% with respect to the maximum value, and the remaining drive energy of the shared vehicle V3 is 90% with respect to the maximum value. The threshold value V for determining the remaining amount of driving energy is set to 70%, and as shown in FIG. 3B, the remaining driving energy (40%) of the shared vehicle V3 is less than the threshold value V, and is shared. The drive energy remaining amount (90%) of the vehicle V4 is equal to or greater than the threshold value V.

First, when the station ST4 where the replenishment device is installed is set as the return station, the control device 10 lends the shared vehicle V3 whose remaining drive energy is less than the threshold value V to the user. . In the present embodiment, when the station ST4 is set as the return station, the shared vehicle V4 having a remaining drive energy level equal to or greater than the threshold value V may be lent. However, as described above, the remaining drive energy level It is preferable to lend a shared vehicle V3 having a value less than the threshold value V. As a result, the shared vehicle V3 with less remaining drive energy can be moved to the station ST4 where the supply device is installed, and the drive energy of the shared vehicle V3 can be supplied there. Furthermore, in the station ST3, the shared vehicle V4 with a larger remaining amount of drive energy can be kept on standby to lend it to another user. Incidentally, in this case, the shared vehicle V3 rented out to the user, the remaining amount of driving energy, it is preferable that at least more than the lower limit threshold V _LM as shown in Figure 3B.

  On the other hand, when station ST5 in which no replenishing device is installed is set as a return station, control device 10 lends shared vehicle V4 whose remaining drive energy is equal to or greater than threshold value V to the user. .

  In the present embodiment, by selecting the shared vehicle Vn to be lent to the user in this way, in a situation where the station where the replenishing device is installed and the station where the replenishing device is not installed are mixed, The operation stop of the common vehicle Vn due to the shortage is suppressed. That is, when the user moves the shared vehicle Vn with a small amount of remaining driving energy to a station where no replenishment device is installed, the shared vehicle Vn after the movement stops due to lack of driving energy. (For example, the drive energy of the shared vehicle Vn is insufficient, so that it cannot be rented to other users, and it is necessary to move to another station or maintenance site to replenish drive energy. Operation stoppage). As a result, the shared vehicle Vn of the car sharing system can be efficiently operated, and the operation rate of the shared vehicle is improved.

  The remaining amount of drive energy can be directly detected by the control device 230 of the in-vehicle device 200Vn using each sensor (not shown) provided in the shared vehicle Vn. Alternatively, the remaining amount of drive energy may be obtained from the drive energy consumption by detecting or calculating the drive energy consumption of the shared vehicle Vn by each sensor (not shown) provided in the shared vehicle Vn. In the present embodiment, the control device 10 determines whether the remaining amount of driving energy of the shared vehicle Vn is a threshold value directly or indirectly based on information on the remaining amount of driving energy or information on consumption of driving energy. It is determined whether or not it is V or higher. That is, the determination may be made by comparing the remaining amount of driving energy with the threshold value V, or the remaining amount of driving energy is indirectly compared with the threshold value by comparing the consumption amount of driving energy with another threshold value V ′. You may determine whether it is V or more.

  In the present embodiment, the threshold value V for determining the remaining amount of drive energy can be set for each user, and can be set as follows, for example. First, the control device 10 extracts the position information of each station from the database 30 and obtains the distance between the departure station and the return station set by the user. And the control apparatus 10 can set the threshold value V high, since the usage time of the shared vehicle Vn by a user becomes long and the consumption amount of drive energy tends to increase, so that the calculated | required distance is long. .

  Further, the threshold value V for determining the remaining amount of driving energy may be set based on the past use history of the shared vehicle Vn by the user. Specifically, the control device 10 extracts information on usage time when each user uses the shared vehicle Vn from information on the usage history of the shared vehicle Vn by each user stored in the database 30 in advance. The user with a longer usage time can set the threshold value V higher.

  Alternatively, the threshold value V for determining the remaining amount of driving energy may be changed according to the attribute of the day when the user is using the shared vehicle Vn. In general, on weekdays (Monday to Thursday, etc.), the user often uses the shared vehicle Vn for the purpose of going to work, moving at work, returning home, etc., and travels straight from the departure station to the return station. Since the usage time per user tends to decrease, the threshold V for determining the remaining amount of driving energy is set low on a day with such an attribute, and the remaining amount of driving energy is relatively small Even in the vehicle Vn, it is easy to move to a station where no replenishing device is installed. On the other hand, on holidays (Saturday, Sunday, public holidays, etc.), the user uses the shared vehicle Vn for sightseeing and has many detours, and the usage time per user tends to increase. On the same day, the threshold value V is set high so that it is difficult for a shared vehicle Vn with a relatively large amount of drive energy to move to a station where no replenishment device is installed.

  Further, the threshold value V for determining the remaining amount of drive energy may be changed according to the attribute of the time when the user is using the shared vehicle Vn. For example, in the morning and evening hours, the user often uses the shared vehicle Vn for the purpose of going straight to the destination for going to work or returning home, so that the usage time per user decreases as described above. Therefore, the threshold value V is set low. In particular, in the night time zone, the time when the user uses the shared vehicle Vn is closer to the end of the available time zone (business hours) of the shared vehicle Vn (for example, the end of the business hours is 20:00). In some cases, the closer to 20:00, the lower the threshold value V can be set. On the other hand, since the user often uses the shared vehicle Vn while taking a detour for the purpose of sightseeing or the like in the daytime period, the use time per user tends to increase as described above. Set V higher.

  As described above, when the threshold value V is set according to the date and time when the user uses the shared vehicle Vn, an event held near the departure station or return station set by the user is taken into consideration. Thus, the threshold value V may be set higher. For example, when exhibitions, concerts, festivals, fireworks display, marathon competitions, commercial events, etc. are held, roads are expected to be crowded, so the threshold V is set high and the remaining amount of drive energy is low. Even in a relatively large number of shared vehicles Vn, it is difficult to move to a station where no replenishing device is installed.

  The threshold value V may be changed according to the weather and temperature when the user uses the shared vehicle Vn. For example, on bad weather days or days when temperatures are low, the user's usage time of the shared vehicle Vn generally tends to be shorter, and the driving energy consumption efficiency (e.g. fuel consumption and electricity costs) of the shared vehicle Vn is reduced. Therefore, the threshold value V is set low as described above. On the other hand, since the usage time of the shared vehicle Vn by the user tends to be longer on a sunny day or a moderate temperature, the threshold value V is set high as described above.

  The threshold value V for determining the remaining amount of drive energy may be changed according to the regional attribute of the return station set by the user. The area attribute of the return station is set, for example, from the viewpoint of whether or not the user is likely to take a detour before arriving at the return station. As a return station having a regional attribute that is highly likely to be a detour, a station that has a facility that induces detours such as tourist spots and shops in the surrounding area can be cited. On the other hand, as a return station having a regional attribute with a low possibility of a detour, a station installed in a place where a user tends to go straight without detouring, such as a public office or a parking lot of an office building. In the present embodiment, when the set return station is an area attribute with a high possibility of a detour, the use time of the shared vehicle Vn by the user tends to be long, so the threshold value V is set high and set. If the return station has an area attribute with a low possibility of a detour, the user tends to go straight to the return station without taking a detour and the use time tends to be shortened, so the threshold value V is set low.

  Further, the threshold value V for determining the remaining amount of driving energy is whether or not the use reservation by the user is a use form (so-called round trip) in which the departure station and the return station are set at the same place. It may be changed accordingly. In the present embodiment, when the usage mode of the shared vehicle Vn by the user is the round trip described above, the usage time of the shared vehicle Vn by the user generally tends to be longer, so the threshold value V is set higher. .

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the control device 10 determines whether or not the driving energy of the shared vehicle Vn is equal to or higher than the threshold value V, and the determination result and information on the presence / absence of a replenishment device at the return station, Based on the above, a process of selecting the shared vehicle Vn to be lent to the user is performed.

  Next, the database 30 of the shared vehicle management apparatus 100 of this embodiment will be described. The database 30 stores shared vehicle information 31, station information 32, a usage reservation 33 received from each user, a usage record 34 that is a usage history of the shared vehicle Vn by each user, and map information 35. In the example shown in FIG. 1B, an example in which only one database 30 is provided is shown. However, in the shared vehicle management apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, a plurality of databases 30 are provided, and the shared vehicle information 31, The station information 32, the usage reservation 33, the usage record 34, and the map information 35 may be stored separately.

  Here, the shared vehicle information 31 is information including ID, vehicle type / model, output, etc. of each shared vehicle Vn. The station information 32 is information including the position information of each station, the maximum number of cars that can be parked at each station, the number of parked or empty cars at each station, the name of the surrounding area as a landmark, the distance between each station, the road gradient, and the like. Further, the station information 32 includes the above-described area attribute information in each station.

  The use reservation 33 is input information that each user inputs to request use of the shared vehicle Vn using the user terminal device 400X or the in-vehicle device 200Vn. The usage record 34 is information that stores information on the record of the use of the shared vehicle Vn by each user. For example, information on the usage time of the shared vehicle Vn when the shared vehicle Vn is used by each user. And information on the departure station and return station used by each user.

  The map information 35 is map information including at least all the stations shown in FIG. 2, and is information including roads, distances between nodes, gradients, road widths, road types, building names, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the control device 10 of the shared vehicle management device 100 of the present embodiment includes a ROM (Read Only Memory) 12 in which a program for executing a process for managing and operating the car sharing system is stored. By executing a program stored in the ROM 12, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 11 as an operation circuit that functions as the shared vehicle management device 100 and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 13 that functions as an accessible storage device are provided. Prepare.

  The control device 10 of the shared vehicle management apparatus 100 includes a use reservation acceptance function, a use result management function, a return station determination function, a drive energy remaining amount determination function, a rental vehicle selection function, a notification function, and a return reception function. And realize. The control device 10 of the shared vehicle management apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is a computer that realizes each function by cooperation of software for realizing the above function and the above-described hardware.

  Below, each function which control device 10 of common vehicle management device 100 realizes is explained, respectively.

  First, the use reservation acceptance function executed by the control device 10 of the present embodiment will be described. The control device 10 acquires a usage reservation for requesting the use of the shared vehicle Vn from the user terminal device 400X by the usage reservation reception function, and stores the acquired usage reservation information in the database 30 as the usage reservation 33. As described above, in the use reservation, the user ID information, the user current position information, the departure station information set by the user, the ID information of the shared vehicle Vn that the user desires to use, and the user set Includes return station information.

  Next, the usage record management function executed by the control device 10 of the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, the control device 10 uses the usage record management function to store the usage time when each user uses the shared vehicle Vn, and information such as the used departure station and return station as the usage record 34 and the database 30. Remember me.

  Subsequently, a return station determination function executed by the control device 10 of the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, the control device 10 determines whether or not a driving energy supply device is installed at the return station set by the user by the return station determination function. Information about whether or not a replenishing device is installed at each station is stored in advance in the database 30 as station information.

  Next, the drive energy remaining amount determination function executed by the control device 10 of the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, the control device 10 first extracts a shared vehicle Vn that is a candidate to be lent to the user, using the remaining drive energy determination function. Examples of the shared vehicle Vn to be extracted include a shared vehicle Vn waiting at a departure station set by a user and a shared vehicle Vn waiting at a station near the departure station. When the shared vehicle Vn waiting at the station near the departure station is extracted, it can be proposed to reset the station near the departure station as the departure station to the user.

  Next, the control device 10 determines whether or not the driving energy is greater than or equal to the threshold value V for each extracted shared vehicle Vn. As described above, the threshold value V at this time is set for each user based on the use history of the shared vehicle Vn by the user, information on the set return station, the date and / or time at the time of use reservation, and the like. be able to.

  Next, the rental vehicle selection function executed by the control device 10 of the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, the control device 10 uses the rental vehicle selection function to determine the remaining amount of drive energy from the shared vehicle Vn extracted as described above according to the presence or absence of the replenishment device at the return station set by the user. A shared vehicle Vn that is equal to or higher than the threshold value V or a shared vehicle Vn whose remaining drive energy is less than the threshold value V is selected as the shared vehicle Vn that is lent to the user.

  Next, a notification function executed by the control device 10 according to the present embodiment will be described. The control device 10 communicates with each in-vehicle device 200Vn and each user terminal device 400X by a notification function, and notifies the user of information indicating that the use reservation of the shared vehicle Vn has been accepted. Moreover, the control apparatus 10 may notify that the shared vehicle Vn which the said rental vehicle selection function selected was set as a rental vehicle by a notification function. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, when the user has previously set a shared vehicle Vn that the user desires to use, the control device 10 selects the rental vehicle for the user by using the rental vehicle selection function. It is possible to notify whether or not it is possible to change to Vn, and to change the rental vehicle if permission is obtained.

  Next, the return acceptance function executed by the control device 10 of the present embodiment will be described. The return acceptance function of the control device 10 is a function for accepting a return of the shared vehicle Vn in response to a return request for the shared vehicle Vn transmitted by the user via the in-vehicle device 200Vn or the user terminal device 400X.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1A, when the return station of the shared vehicle V2 is set to the station ST2, the user U1 operates the in-vehicle device 200V2 after stopping the shared vehicle V2 at the station ST2. By transmitting a return request to the shared vehicle management device 100, the control device 10 can accept the return of the shared vehicle V2.

  Note that the return request transmitted by the user includes the ID information and current position information of the shared vehicle Vn used by the user, and the control device 10 includes the ID information of the shared vehicle Vn included in the received return request. Based on the usage reservation 33 stored in the database 30, information corresponding to the ID information of the shared vehicle Vn is read out, and it is determined whether or not the shared vehicle Vn is located at a preset return station. When it is determined that the shared vehicle Vn is located at the return station, the shared vehicle Vn is processed as being correctly returned.

  In the present embodiment, the management operation of the car sharing system is performed by each function realized by the control device 10 of the shared vehicle management device 100 as described above.

  According to the present embodiment, the control device 10 of the shared vehicle management device 100 determines whether or not the information on the presence / absence of the replenishment device at the return station set by the user and the remaining drive energy of the shared vehicle Vn is equal to or greater than the threshold value V. Based on the determination result, a process for selecting the shared vehicle Vn to be lent to the user is performed. As a result, in a situation where the station where the replenishing device is installed and the station where the replenishing device is not installed, the operation stop of the shared vehicle Vn due to lack of driving energy is suppressed, and as a result, the car sharing system The shared vehicle Vn can be efficiently operated, and the operating rate of the shared vehicle is improved.

  Next, an operation example of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of the car sharing system by the shared vehicle management apparatus 100 of the present embodiment. The flowchart shown in FIG. 4 is a control procedure until one user transmits a use request to make a use reservation for the shared vehicle Vn, uses the shared vehicle Vn, and returns the shared vehicle Vn to the return station. Is shown.

  First, in step S101, the control device 10 of the shared vehicle management apparatus 100 determines whether or not a usage request has been transmitted from the user via the user terminal device 400X. The usage request includes the user ID information, the user's current location information, the departure station information set by the user, the ID of the shared vehicle Vn that the user intends to use, and the return station information set by the user. Etc. are included. If it is determined in step S101 that a usage request has been transmitted, the process proceeds to step S102. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S101 that the use request has not been transmitted, the process waits in step S101.

  In step S <b> 102, the control device 10 receives the use request transmitted from the user in step S <b> 101 and stores it in the database 30 as the use reservation 33.

  In step S103, the control device 10 refers to the use request received in step S102, and determines whether the departure station and return station set by the user are currently available. For example, if there is a shared vehicle Vn waiting at a station set as a departure station, and the shared vehicle Vn is in a state where it can accept a current loan, it is determined that the departure station is currently available. . Further, when there is a space where the shared vehicle Vn can be newly parked in the station set as the return station, it is determined that the return station is currently available. If it is determined in step S103 that the departure station and return station are currently available, the process proceeds to step S104. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S103 that at least one of the departure station and the return station is not currently available, the process proceeds to step S112. In step S112, the control device 10 passes through the user terminal device 400X. The user is notified to reset the departure station and the return station, and the process returns to the above-described step S101.

  In step S104, the control device 10 selects the shared vehicle Vn to be rented to the user by the rental vehicle selection process. Here, FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of a rental vehicle selection process.

  First, in step S201 shown in FIG. 5, the control device 10 determines whether or not a drive energy supply device is installed at a return station set by the user. If it is determined in step S201 that the replenishment device is installed at the return station, the process proceeds to step S202. In step S202, the control device 10 uses the shared vehicle Vn selected by the user based on the use request received in step S102 described above or the shared vehicle Vn selected by the control device 10 (for example, the remaining amount of driving energy is less than the threshold value V). The common vehicle Vn) is selected as a rental vehicle, and the rental vehicle selection process is terminated. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S201 that the replenishment device is not installed at the return station, the process proceeds to step S203.

  In step S203, the control device 10 extracts information on the remaining amount of drive energy for the shared vehicle Vn waiting at the departure station set by the user based on the use request received in step S102 described above, and the drive energy. It is determined whether or not the remaining amount is greater than or equal to the threshold value V. When a plurality of shared vehicles Vn are waiting at the departure station, each shared vehicle Vn is determined.

  In step S203, when there is at least one shared vehicle Vn whose remaining drive energy is determined to be equal to or greater than the threshold value V, the process proceeds to step S204. In step S204, the control device 10 sets one of the shared vehicles Vn whose remaining driving energy is determined to be greater than or equal to the threshold value V in step S203 as a vehicle to be lent to the user, and ends the rental vehicle selection process. To do.

On the other hand, if there is no shared vehicle Vn for which the remaining drive energy is determined to be equal to or greater than the threshold value V in step S203, the process proceeds to step S205. In step S205, the control device 10 sets a rental vehicle to the user based on the remaining amount of driving energy of each shared vehicle Vn from among the shared vehicles Vn waiting at the departure station set by the user. Then, the rental vehicle selection process is terminated. For example, the control device 10 sets, as a rental vehicle, a shared vehicle Vn whose driving energy is _{equal to} or greater than the above-described lower threshold _VLM and has the largest remaining amount of driving energy among the shared vehicles Vn that are waiting at the departure station. can do.

Incidentally, in this case, the shared vehicle Vn waiting in the starting station, both when driving energy is less than the lower threshold V _LM described above, the control device 10 is present in the vicinity of the starting stations configured From among the shared vehicles Vn waiting at the station, those whose driving energy is _{equal to} or higher than the lower limit threshold VLM are extracted, and permission for the user to set the extracted shared vehicle Vn as a rental vehicle is extracted. You may ask for permission to change the setting so that the station on which the shared vehicle Vn stands by becomes the departure station. Here, when permission is obtained from the user, the control device 10 sets the extracted shared vehicle Vn as a rental vehicle and changes the departure station.

  Subsequently, returning to FIG. 4, in step S <b> 105 of FIG. 4, the control device 10 accepts the user's use reservation based on the use request transmitted from the user in step S <b> 101 and the rental vehicle selection result in step S <b> 104. Complete.

  In step S106, the control device 10 determines whether or not a return request for returning the shared vehicle Vn is transmitted from the user. The return request transmitted by the user includes the user ID information and the ID information and position information of the shared vehicle Vn used by the user. If it is determined in step S106 that a return request has been transmitted, the process proceeds to step S107. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S106 that a return request has not been transmitted, the process waits in step S106.

  In step S107, the control apparatus 10 receives the return request transmitted from the user in step S106.

  In step S108, the control device 10 determines that the shared vehicle Vn to be returned by the user is returned to the shared vehicle Vn based on the return request received in step S107 and the information on the use reservation 33 stored in the database 30. Check whether it is located at the return station set in the above.

  In step S109, the control device 10 uses the return request received in step S107 and the information on the use reservation 33 stored in the database 30, and the ID information of the shared vehicle Vn to be returned by the user and the use reservation. It is confirmed whether or not the ID information of the shared vehicle Vn included in 33 matches.

  In step S110, the control device 10 determines whether or not the return process can be completed for the shared vehicle Vn that is about to be returned by the user. Specifically, based on the information confirmed in step S108 and step S109, the control device 10 matches the position of the return station where the current position is set for the shared vehicle Vn to be returned by the user. When it is determined that the ID information matches the ID information of the shared vehicle Vn included in the use reservation 33, it is determined that the return process of the shared vehicle Vn can be completed. And when it determines with the return process of the shared vehicle Vn being able to be completed in step S110, it progresses to step S111. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S110 that the return process of the shared vehicle Vn cannot be completed, the process proceeds to step S113, and the control device 10 interrupts the return process of the shared vehicle Vn and returns to step S106 described above.

  If it is determined in step S110 that the return process of the shared vehicle Vn can be completed, the process proceeds to step S111. In step S111, the control device 10 completes the return process of the shared vehicle Vn and is performed by the user. The usage time of the shared vehicle Vn is calculated, the usage fee of the shared vehicle Vn is charged to the user according to the calculated usage time, and this process is terminated.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the shared vehicle management apparatus 100 receives a use request for making a use reservation for the shared vehicle Vn from the user, selects the shared vehicle Vn to be lent to the user, and the shared vehicle Vn by the user. Manage the use and return of Note that the process shown in FIG. 5 is repeatedly executed with a relatively short cycle (for example, with a short cycle of several msec).

  Since the embodiment of the shared vehicle management system according to the present invention is configured and operates as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  [1] In this embodiment, the shared vehicle Vn to be lent to the user is selected based on the information regarding the presence / absence of the replenishment device at the return station and the determination result of whether the remaining amount of driving energy of the shared vehicle Vn is equal to or greater than the threshold value V. In the situation where the station where the replenishing device is installed and the station where the replenishing device is not installed are mixed, the operation of the shared vehicle is stopped due to the lack of drive energy of the shared vehicle Vn after the return. It is suppressed. As a result, the shared vehicle Vn of the car sharing system can be efficiently operated, and the operation rate of the shared vehicle is improved.

  [2] In this embodiment, the threshold value V is set higher as the distance between the departure station and the return station set by the user is longer. As a result, in the situation where the departure station is far from the return station and the amount of drive energy consumption when traveling is large, the drive energy of The shared vehicle Vn having a large remaining amount can be lent, and the stoppage of the shared vehicle due to the lack of drive energy of the shared vehicle Vn after return is suppressed.

  [3] In the present embodiment, for a user who has accepted a reservation for use, the threshold value V is set higher as the usage time of the shared vehicle Vn is longer based on the usage history of the shared vehicle Vn by the user. As a result, when a station that does not have a replenishment device is set as a return station, a shared vehicle Vn with a large amount of remaining drive energy can be rented and returned to a user who is expected to have a long usage time. The stoppage of the shared vehicle due to the lack of drive energy of the later shared vehicle Vn is suppressed.

  [4] In the present embodiment, since the threshold value V on the day and / or time when the use time of the shared vehicle Vn per user is long is set higher than the threshold value V on the day and / or time when the use time is short, The shared vehicle Vn with an appropriate remaining amount of drive energy is lent according to the usage mode, and the operation stop of the shared vehicle due to the lack of drive energy of the shared vehicle Vn after being returned is suppressed.

  [5] In this embodiment, since the threshold value V is set according to the region attribute of the return station set by the user, for example, driving is performed according to the region attribute indicating whether or not the user is likely to take a detour. The shared vehicle Vn with an appropriate remaining amount of energy is lent, and the operation stop of the shared vehicle due to the lack of driving energy of the shared vehicle Vn after being returned is suppressed.

  [6] In the present embodiment, when the use reservation by the user is a round trip, the threshold value V is set higher than when the use reservation is not a round trip. Therefore, in accordance with the use form of the shared vehicle Vn by the user, the driving energy is set. The shared vehicle Vn having an appropriate remaining amount is rented out, and the operation stop of the shared vehicle due to the lack of drive energy of the shared vehicle Vn after the return is suppressed.

  [7] When the shared vehicle management method of the present embodiment is executed, the above-described operations and effects are achieved.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, these embodiment was described in order to make an understanding of this invention easy, and was not described in order to limit this invention. Therefore, each element disclosed in the above embodiment is intended to include all design changes and equivalents belonging to the technical scope of the present invention.

  In the above-described embodiment, the control device 10 of the shared vehicle management apparatus 100 includes the shared vehicle management in the use acceptance means, determination means, vehicle selection means, acquisition means, round trip determination means, and return distance detection means of the present invention. The database 30 of the apparatus 100 corresponds to the first storage unit and the second storage unit of the present invention, respectively.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1000 ... Shared vehicle management system 100 ... Shared vehicle management apparatus 10 ... Control apparatus 20 ... Communication apparatus 30 ... Database V1-Vn ... Shared vehicle 200V1-200Vn ... In-vehicle apparatus 300 ... Internet 400X-400Z ... User terminal device

Claims (9)

A shared vehicle management apparatus for managing a plurality of shared vehicles shared by a plurality of users,
Information of a plurality of stations that can lend and return the shared vehicle, including information on whether or not a supply device capable of supplying the drive energy of the shared vehicle is installed at the station. First storage means for storing
Information on a departure station set as a station where the user wishes to use the shared vehicle and information on a return station set as a station for the user to return the shared vehicle after use. Use accepting means for accepting a use reservation from the user;
Drive energy amount information indicating the remaining drive energy of the shared vehicle or the drive energy consumption of the shared vehicle is acquired, and the remaining drive energy is directly or indirectly used using the drive energy information. Determination means for determining whether the amount is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold;
Vehicle selection means for selecting the shared vehicle to be lent to a user who has received the use reservation,
The said vehicle selection means is a shared vehicle management apparatus which selects the said shared vehicle to lend to the said user based on the information of the said station in the return station which the user who received the said use reservation set, and the determination result by the said determination means.   When the replenishment device is not installed at the return station set by the user who has accepted the use reservation, the vehicle selection unit is configured to share the driving energy remaining amount greater than or equal to the threshold value for the user. The shared vehicle management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle is rented out.   When the replenishment device is installed at the return station set by the user who has accepted the use reservation, the vehicle selection means is configured to share the drive energy remaining below the threshold with respect to the user. The shared vehicle management apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vehicle is rented out. An acquisition means for acquiring information on a distance between the departure station and the return station set by the user who has received the use reservation;
The shared vehicle management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the determination unit sets the threshold value higher as a distance between the departure station and the return station is longer. A second storage means for storing history information of usage time for each use of the shared vehicle by each of the users;
5. The determination unit according to claim 1, wherein, based on the history information, the threshold is set higher for a user who has accepted the use reservation as the use time in the history information of the user is longer. The shared vehicle management apparatus according to one item.   The said determination means sets the said threshold value in the day and / or time with a long use time of the said shared vehicle per said user higher than the said threshold value in the day and / or time with the said short use time. The shared vehicle management apparatus according to any one of the above.   The shared vehicle management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the determination unit sets the threshold according to a regional attribute of the return station set for the shared vehicle. Round trip determination means for determining whether the use reservation by the user is a round trip which is a use mode in which the departure station and the return station are the same station;
The shared vehicle management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the determination unit sets the threshold higher when the user reservation for use is the round trip than when the reservation is not the round trip. . A computer that manages a plurality of shared vehicles shared by a plurality of users,
Storing information of a plurality of stations capable of renting and returning the shared vehicle;
Information on a departure station set as a station where the user wishes to use the shared vehicle and information on a return station set as a station for the user to return the shared vehicle after use. Receiving a use reservation from the user;
Obtaining information on the remaining amount of driving energy of the shared vehicle, and determining whether the remaining amount of driving energy acquired is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold;
Based on information on whether or not a replenishment device capable of replenishing the driving energy of the shared vehicle is installed in the station, and on the result of the determination, the user who has accepted the use reservation is included in the station information. Selecting the shared vehicle to be lent, and a shared vehicle management method.