JP6459586B2 - Shared vehicle management system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shared vehicle management apparatus for managing a plurality of shared vehicles used by a plurality of users.

  As a carport management system for managing the number of vehicles in stock in a plurality of carports, a moving source carport for moving a vehicle, a moving target carport selection means for selecting a destination carport, and a time limit for moving the vehicle A time limit setting means for setting the vehicle, a movement request notification means for notifying the user of a vehicle movement request, a confirmation means for confirming that the vehicle has been moved to the destination car port, and confirming the movement of the vehicle Carports that can solve the problem of uneven vehicle distribution among the carports and promote efficient use of the vehicles. A management system has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

JP 2010-170283 A

  However, in the management system of the above prior art, depending on the state of the registered user who has accepted the vehicle movement, it may take a long time to start the movement of the target vehicle. For this reason, there is a problem that the vehicle cannot be rented during that period, and the operating rate of the shared vehicle is not sufficiently improved.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a shared vehicle management apparatus capable of increasing the operation rate of the shared vehicle.

  In the case where the first station set by one user to use the shared vehicle cannot be rented, the other user between the one user and another user who is using the shared vehicle The above-mentioned problem is solved by controlling the information exchange means between users so that the user can negotiate to return the shared vehicle in use to the first station.

  According to the present invention, when the first station set by one user trying to use the shared vehicle is not lent out, the one user is in contact with other users who are currently using the shared vehicle. Negotiations can be directly made to change the station desired by the first user to the return station for the shared vehicle of the other user. As a result, the waiting time of one user can be shortened and the operating rate of the shared vehicle can be increased.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram (figure for demonstrating the procedure in which a user uses a shared vehicle) which shows one Embodiment of the shared vehicle management system to which the shared vehicle management apparatus which concerns on this invention is applied. It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the shared vehicle management system to which the shared vehicle management apparatus which concerns on this invention is applied. It is a block diagram which shows the function of the control apparatus of the shared vehicle management apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a top view which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the station of the shared vehicle management system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the reservation information memorize | stored in a database. It is a flowchart which shows the basic control procedure of the car sharing system by the shared vehicle management apparatus of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the condition used as the premise of the shared vehicle management system shown in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the information exchange process sequence between users by the shared vehicle management apparatus of this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the subroutine of step S13-S15 of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the other example of the information exchange process procedure between users by the shared vehicle management apparatus of this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the further another example of the information exchange process procedure between users by the shared vehicle management apparatus of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the condition used as the premise of the shared vehicle management system shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a shared vehicle management apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the embodiment described below, a shared vehicle management system 10 according to the present invention is a shared vehicle management system in which a plurality of users are managed and operated in a car sharing system that is arranged at a plurality of stations and shares a plurality of shared vehicles. 1 is a specific example applied to FIG. An outline of the car sharing system of the present embodiment is as follows. A so-called one-way car sharing system (discarding type car sharing) in which a shared vehicle borrowed from one station (departure station) is allowed to be returned to another station (return station). It is also called a system.) Of course, in this one-way car shelling system, the departure station and the return station may be the same station. Further, in the following description, an embodiment using an electric vehicle that uses only a secondary battery as driving energy as the shared vehicle V is shown, but a hybrid vehicle that uses a secondary battery and gasoline or light oil as driving energy, or only gasoline or light oil. The present invention can also be applied to an internal combustion engine automobile that uses as a driving energy.

  FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of the shared vehicle management system 1 of the present embodiment, and is a diagram for explaining a procedure for a user to use a shared vehicle. The user uses the shared vehicle management system 1 of the present embodiment by operating the user terminal device 3X. That is, first, an arbitrary station is set as a station (departure station) for renting the shared vehicles V1, V2 from among the plurality of stations ST1, ST2, ST3 managed by the shared vehicle management apparatus 10. Use reservations for shared vehicles V1, V2 parked at the station are set. At the same time or when returning, a station (return station) for returning the shared vehicles V1, V2 is set and the return is set. Accordingly, the user gets on the reserved shared vehicles V1 and V2 parked at the departure station and uses the shared vehicles, and then returns the used shared vehicles V1 and V2 to the preset return station. . The one-way car sharing system is used in these procedures.

  The usage procedure of the shared vehicle management system 1 according to the present embodiment will be described more specifically by taking the scene shown in FIG. 1A as an example. In the scene example shown in FIG. 1A, there are three stations ST1 to ST3 as stations managed by the shared vehicle management apparatus 10, and among these stations ST1 to ST3, the shared vehicle V1 is connected to the station ST2. , It is assumed that the shared vehicle V2 is parked, and the shared vehicles V1 and V2 are available to the user.

  In the scene shown in FIG. 1A, it is assumed that the user wants to go from station ST1 to station ST2. In this case, when the user operates the user terminal device 3X, the station ST1 is set as a departure station, and the use reservation of the shared vehicle V1 parked at the station ST1 is set. Set as return station. Then, the user gets on the shared vehicle V1 from the station ST1 and moves to the station ST2 after completing a task by following a desired route, or moves from the station ST1 to the station ST2 as it is, and then moves to the station ST2. V1 is returned and the user terminal device 3X is operated to set the return. Thereby, the use of the shared vehicle V1 ends. At this time, the shared vehicle management device 10 manages the usage status of the shared vehicle V1 by the user by performing information communication between the user terminal device 3X possessed by the user and the in-vehicle device mounted on the shared vehicle V1. Or charge the user. Such a one-way car sharing system is not particularly limited, but is suitable for short-distance or short-time vehicle use such as commuting between home and the nearest station, shopping in a downtown area, visiting tourist spots in sightseeing spots, etc. Yes. In the conventional round trip type car sharing system such as returning to the borrowed place, it is necessary to return the shared vehicle to the departure station. Because it is not suitable for.

  FIG. 1B is a block diagram showing such a shared vehicle management system 1. As shown in FIG. 1B, the shared vehicle management system 1 of this embodiment includes a shared vehicle management device 10 and in-vehicle devices 2V1 to 2Vn respectively mounted on a plurality of shared vehicles V1 to Vn used by a plurality of users. And user terminal devices 3X1 to 3Xm possessed by a plurality of users, respectively. The numbers of the in-vehicle devices 2V1 to 2Vn and the user terminal devices 3X1 to 3Xm constituting the shared vehicle management system 1 of the present embodiment are not particularly limited (that is, m and n may be natural numbers). Hereinafter, the collective vehicles V1 to Vn are collectively referred to as the common vehicle V, the in-vehicle devices 2V1 to 2Vn are collectively referred to as the in-vehicle device 2V, and the user terminal devices 3X1 to 3Xm are collectively referred to as the user terminal device 3X. .

  The shared vehicle management device 10, the in-vehicle devices 2V1 to 2Vn, and the user terminal devices 3X1 to 3Xm include communication devices 12, 22, and 32, respectively, and can transmit and receive information to and from each other via the telecommunication network 4 such as the Internet. Has been. The communication path may be wired or wireless.

  The user terminal device 3X of the present embodiment executes a ROM (Read Only Memory) in which a program applied to the user terminal device 3X according to the shared vehicle management device of the present invention is stored, and a program stored in the ROM. Thus, the computer includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) as an operation circuit that executes each function and a RAM (Random Access Memory) that functions as an accessible storage device. The user terminal device 3X of the present embodiment may be a personal computer, a smartphone, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), or other portable terminal device.

  The user terminal device 3X of the present embodiment includes an input device 31 that receives input information such as a usage request for requesting use of the shared vehicle V by each user, and a communication device 32 that communicates with an external device such as the shared vehicle management device 10. And a display device 33 for notifying each user of information. These functions may be executed by application software installed in the user terminal device 3X.

  As the input device 31 of the user terminal device 3X, for example, a device such as a button switch that can be manually input by a user, a touch panel disposed on a display screen, a joystick, or a microphone that can be input by a user's voice is used. be able to. Examples of the display device 33 include a display. When a touch panel display is used, the display device 33 can also be used as the input device 31.

  In the present embodiment, the user terminal device 3X transmits input information such as a usage request for requesting the use of the shared vehicle V input from each user to the shared vehicle management device 10 via the communication device 32. The usage request for using the shared vehicle V includes the user ID information, the departure station information set as a station where the user starts using the shared vehicle V, and the shared vehicle V ID information that the user intends to use. , Information on the return station that the user sets as a station for returning the shared vehicle V after use is included.

  In the present embodiment, the user can communicate with the shared vehicle management device 10 by operating the user terminal device 3X. From the shared vehicle management device 10, information on each shared vehicle V and each station ST1 to STu (u is Information on an arbitrary natural number (hereinafter referred to as a station ST when the stations ST1 to STu are collectively referred to) can be obtained, and a use request for using a desired shared vehicle V can be input. For example, the user can use the shared vehicle management device 10 via the user terminal device 3X to obtain information about the shared vehicle V that can be used, information about the station ST that can be set as a departure station, and information about the station ST that can be set as a return station. Can be obtained. Further, based on the obtained information, a departure station for borrowing the shared vehicle V, a shared vehicle V to be used among the shared vehicles V arranged at the departure station, and a return for returning the shared vehicle V after use. By setting a station, a usage request is input.

  In addition, in the present embodiment, the user terminal device 3X may function as a navigation device for guiding the travel route of the shared vehicle V to the user. In this case, for example, the user terminal device 3X stores map information in a storage medium such as a memory provided in the user terminal device 3X in advance, and the user currently uses the map information together with the map information on the display device 33. The current position of the shared vehicle V and the position of the return station set by the user can be displayed, and the travel route from the current position of the shared vehicle V to the return station can be guided.

  The in-vehicle device 2V of the present embodiment includes a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver 21 that detects a current position of each shared vehicle V, and information on the current position of the shared vehicle V acquired by the GPS receiver 21 It transmits to the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 via the communication apparatus 22. The in-vehicle device 2V may be incorporated as a part of a navigation device mounted on the shared vehicle V.

  The shared vehicle management apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment functions as a server of the shared vehicle management system 1, and includes a control device 11, a communication device 12, and a database 13 that execute a control process for managing and operating the car sharing system. Prepare. The shared vehicle management apparatus 10 of the present embodiment lends a shared vehicle V that can be used from one station ST to the user based on the use request input via the user terminal device 3X, and includes the station ST at the position. The return of the shared vehicle V is received from the user at the station ST.

  FIG. 1C is a block diagram illustrating each function of the control device 11 included in the shared vehicle management device 10. In the present embodiment, the control device 11 appropriately stores information received from each user terminal device 3X and each shared vehicle V via the communication device 12 in the database 13. Then, the control device 11 manages the use and return of the shared vehicle V by the user based on the information received by the communication device 12 and the information stored in the database 13. Details of each function will be described later.

  FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an arrangement example of the stations ST of the shared vehicle management system according to the present embodiment. In the present embodiment shown in the figure, a plurality of stations ST indicated by circles are provided in a predetermined use area on the map indicated by a broken line in FIG. Then, in a situation where the user uses the shared vehicle Vn borrowed at the station ST1 and then returns the shared vehicle Vn to the station ST2, the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 manages the use and return of the shared vehicle Vn by the user. Do. In the arrangement example of the stations ST shown in FIG. 2, the stations are arranged so that the distances between adjacent stations are equal. However, the arrangement is not limited to this. For example, a large number of stations may be arranged in a range where it is expected that there are many users based on person trip information, and a small number of stations may be arranged in a range where there are few users.

  Returning to FIG. 1B, the database 13 of the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 of the present embodiment stores the shared vehicle information 131, station information 132, usage request information 133 received from the user, map information 134, and each shared vehicle V. The remaining SOC information 135, the SOC consumption record information 136 of each shared vehicle V, the usage pattern information 137 of each station ST, and the charging station information 138 are stored. The database 13 as a storage medium may be physically configured by one storage medium, but may be configured by a plurality of storage media that store the above-described information in any combination.

  The shared vehicle information 131 stored in the database 13 is information including the ID, vehicle type / model, output, etc. of each shared vehicle V. The station information 132 stored in the database 13 includes the position information of each station ST, the maximum number of cars that can be parked at each station ST, the number of parked or empty cars at each station ST, the name of a place around the station, the distance between the stations ST, Information including road gradients.

  The usage request information 133 stored in the database 13 is input information for requesting the use of the shared vehicle V input by each user using the user terminal device 3X. The usage request information 133 includes user ID information and user usage. ID information of the shared vehicle V to be used, information on the departure station ST for the user to start using the shared vehicle V, information on the return station ST for the user to return after using the shared vehicle V, and the like are included.

  The map information 134 stored in the database 13 is map information including at least all the stations ST shown in FIG. 2, and includes information on roads, distances between nodes, gradients, road widths, road types, building names, and the like. It is.

  The SOC remaining amount information 135 stored in the database 13 is information indicating the remaining amount of the secondary battery of each shared vehicle V that is an electric vehicle, and the state of charge of the secondary battery calculated by the battery controller of the electric vehicle. , 0 to 100%) is read and stored at predetermined time intervals. In the case of a shared vehicle that uses petroleum-based fuel such as gasoline or light oil as driving energy, the fuel tank fuel gauge information is managed by the vehicle controller, so the measured values are read at predetermined time intervals. Just remember.

  The SOC consumption performance information 136 stored in the database 13 is information regarding the travel distance per unit SOC in each shared vehicle V, and is power consumption rate information, so-called power consumption information. In the present embodiment, the consumption performance information based on the SOC is used as the power consumption information because the SOC remaining amount information 135 is used. However, even if the travel distance [km / Wh] per unit capacity of the secondary battery is used as the power consumption information. Good. Further, in the case of an internal combustion engine automobile, fuel consumption information that is a travel distance per unit fuel volume [km / liter] may be used.

  The usage pattern information 137 stored in the database 13 is information regarding the history of departure and return patterns at each station ST. For example, this is information indicating the actual usage of how many shared vehicles that depart from the station ST1 arrived at which station STn. In the usage pattern information 137, the usage patterns of the user as the departure station and the return station at that time are accumulated in the database 13, and updated every time the user uses or at a predetermined time interval.

  The charging station information 138 stored in the database 13 includes the position information of the charging station CST that replenishes the driving energy of the shared vehicle V, the maximum number of chargeable stations in each charging station CST, the number of charged or empty cars in each charging station CST, The information includes the name of the surrounding place, the distance to each station ST, the road gradient, and the like. When the electric vehicle is used for the shared vehicle V, the charging device is expensive, and therefore it is not preferable in terms of cost to provide the charging device at each station ST. In addition, since the shared vehicle V requires regular maintenance and inspection, its facilities and space are also required. For this reason, in the one-way car sharing system of the present embodiment, the charging station CST is installed in one or several places in the use area shown in FIG. 2 or in the vicinity thereof. In the example of the figure, two charging stations CST1 and CST2 are installed in the usage area. As will be described in detail later, when the SOC remaining amount of the shared vehicle V falls below a predetermined threshold value or maintenance work is required, the worker transports the shared vehicle V to the charging station CST for charging. After performing the process, the operator again conveys the object to a predetermined station ST. Note that a charging device or maintenance / inspection equipment may be installed in some of the stations ST, and the stations ST may be shared as the charging station CST.

  As described above, among the information stored in the database 13, the SOC remaining amount information 135 of each shared vehicle V and the SOC consumption record information 136 of each shared vehicle V are stored in association with the shared vehicle information 131. That is, when the shared vehicle information 131 of the specific shared vehicle V is extracted, the current SOC remaining amount information 135 and the SOC consumption performance information 136 are also extracted simultaneously. Further, when the user uses the shared vehicle V, the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 is based on the usage request information 133 from the user, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the user ID, the vehicle ID (the ID of the shared vehicle V), the reservation Information on the time (the time when the use request is received from the user), the departure station and the return station is stored in the database 13. In the example shown in FIG. 3, in addition to these pieces of information, the database 13 further includes usage status information, that is, whether or not each shared vehicle V has been returned (in FIG. The information of “completed” is indicated as “finished”.) Is stored for each use request information 133.

  Returning to FIG. 1B, the control device 11 of the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment stores a ROM (Read Only Memory) 112 in which a program for executing a process for managing and managing the car sharing system is stored, and the ROM 112. By executing the stored program, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 111 as an operation circuit that functions as the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 113 that functions as an accessible storage device are provided. And this control apparatus 11 implement | achieves a use reception function, a position monitoring function, a return reception function, an inter-user information exchange function, a priority calculation function, and an incentive privilege calculation function, as shown in FIG. 1C. . The control device 11 according to the present embodiment includes software for realizing the above functions and a computer that realizes the functions by cooperation of the hardware described above. Hereinafter, each function which the control apparatus 11 of the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 implement | achieves is each demonstrated.

  The use acceptance function acquires use request information 133 for requesting use of one shared vehicle V from the user via the user terminal device 3X, and receives the use request information 133 for the acquired use request information 133 (reservation time). It is a function to memorize | store in the database 13 with this information.

  For example, the scene shown in FIG. 1A will be described as an example. First, the user activates the communication device 32 of the user terminal device 3X to access the shared vehicle management device 10 and is stored in the database 13 of the shared vehicle management device 10. From the station information 132, the station ST1 is identified as a desired departure station, the available shared vehicle V1 among the shared vehicles V arranged at the station ST1 identified as the departure station is identified as a reserved vehicle, and the database 13 is identified as a desired return station from the station information 132 stored in the station 13. Then, using the user terminal device 3X, the user specifies information on the departure station (station ST1), reserved vehicle ID (shared vehicle V1 ID), and return station (station ST2) as usage request information. By transmitting to the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 as 133, the control apparatus 11 acquires a utilization request. And the control apparatus 11 memorize | stores this utilization request information 133 acquired from the user terminal device 3X in the database 13 as shown in FIG. 3 with the information of the time (reservation time) which received the utilization request.

  The use request information 133 acquired by the control device 11 may be an immediate use application that allows the user to start using the shared vehicle V immediately after the application, or the use of the shared vehicle V can be started from the date and time specified by the user. You can apply for a reservation. Furthermore, the usage request information 133 acquired by the control device 11 may include information on a scheduled time when the user returns the shared vehicle V to the return station.

  The position monitoring function is a function for acquiring information on the current position of the shared vehicle V used by the user. For example, the shared vehicle V transmits information on the current position acquired by the GPS receiver 21 of the in-vehicle device 2V from the communication device 22 of the in-vehicle device 2V to the shared vehicle management device 10, so that the control device 11 can The information on the current position of the shared vehicle V used by can be acquired.

  The return acceptance function is a function for acquiring return request information that is transmitted when the user attempts to return the shared vehicle V to the return station. For example, after the user stops the shared vehicle V used at the return station, the user terminal device 3X is operated, and return request information indicating that the shared vehicle V is returned to the return station is sent via the user terminal device 3X. When transmitting to the shared vehicle management apparatus 10, the control apparatus 11 acquires this return request. The return request information includes ID information and current position information of the shared vehicle V used by the user. And the control apparatus 11 receives return request information via the communication apparatus 12, and performs the return process of the shared vehicle Vn. That is, the control device 11 reads the usage request information 133 of the shared vehicle V from the usage request information 133 stored in the database 13 based on the ID information of the shared vehicle V included in the received return request information. It is determined whether or not the shared vehicle V is located at the return station of the usage request information. If it is determined that the shared vehicle V is located at the return station, the shared vehicle V is correctly returned Execute return processing and billing processing.

  The inter-user information exchange function is a function that enables information exchange between the user terminal devices 3 </ b> X by the control device 11 controlling the communication device 12. The inter-user information exchange function in the present embodiment has at least a function of exchanging information between one user who intends to use the shared vehicle and another user who is using the shared vehicle. In this information exchange, the control device 11 accesses the database 13 to extract users currently using the shared vehicle from the registered users. Then, one user who is going to use the shared vehicle from now on does not have the shared vehicle V at the desired departure station STn or has already been reserved even if it exists. If it is not possible to rent the vehicle, the request information is sent from this one user to other users currently using the shared vehicle to request that the shared vehicle currently used be returned to the station STn. Answer information from other users is accepted and presented to one user.

  In the carport management method of the prior art mentioned in the above background art, although the uneven distribution of vehicles between a plurality of existing stations can be suppressed, it cannot be expected that a shared vehicle will come to the station requested in a short time. As the user's waiting time increases, the operating rate of the car sharing system decreases. Therefore, in order to shorten the waiting time of the one user as much as possible, the inter-user information exchange function directly negotiates with other users who are using the shared vehicle.

  The priority calculation function is a function that gives priority to a user as a negotiating partner when there are a plurality of other users who are negotiating partners in executing the above-described information exchange function between users. As described above, in the car sharing system according to the present embodiment, the first purpose is to reduce the waiting time of one user, so that the departure station ST (hereinafter also referred to as the first station ST) desired by one user is reached. The shorter the arrival time, the better the negotiation partner. Accordingly, the control device 11 detects the distance between the current position of the other user who is using the shared vehicle and the first station ST or the arrival time from the current position to the first station ST by accessing the database 13. The other user whose distance or arrival time is shorter sets a higher priority as a negotiation partner. One user's request rather than continuing to use the shared vehicle, including the relationship with the incentive benefits described later, regardless of the return station initially set by other users who received the request information by the inter-user information exchange function Sometimes you want to answer. In such a situation, the waiting time of one user is shortened.

  Alternatively, the control device 11 accesses the database 13 so that the distance between the return station of another user who is using the shared vehicle and the first station ST or the arrival from the return station to the first station ST. Time may be detected, and the priority as a negotiation partner may be set higher for other users whose distance or arrival time is shorter. The return station that the other user who has received the request information through the inter-user information exchange function is close to the first station and the return station that initially set the return of the shared vehicle, including the relationship with the incentive benefits described later May be changed to the first station ST and one user's request may be answered. In such a situation, the waiting time of one user is shortened.

  Further, instead of these, the control device 11 detects the departure station and the return station of another user who is using the shared vehicle by accessing the database 13, and the departure station and the return station are the same user (so-called round trip). Compared with the type borrowing), the priority of the negotiation partner is set higher for the user whose departure station and return station are different (so-called one-way type borrowing). It has been empirically found that a user who borrows a round trip type has a longer borrowing time than a user who borrows a one-way type. In addition, when the departure station and the return station are set to the same station, there are many cases where there is a home near the place or the nearest station when returning home. For this reason, the waiting time of one user is shortened by increasing the priority of another user whose borrowing time is relatively short.

  The above priorities can be used as the order in which the request information of one user is transmitted when executing the above-described information exchange function between users, or the request information of one user can be transmitted to other users regardless of the priority. For example, when there is a response from a plurality of other users, it is used as an order to be displayed on the user terminal device 3X of one user. Details will be described later.

  On the other hand, in order for other users who are using the shared vehicle to drive the shared vehicle to the departure station ST that the other user wants and set this station as the return station It is preferable that there is some motivation, and it is also beneficial for other users. For this reason, in this embodiment, incentive benefits are included in the request information of the one user for the user who accepted it. The incentive privilege calculation function is a function for calculating the value of the incentive privilege. Incentive benefits include, but are not limited to, points such as points that can be used in car sharing systems and other services, discount coupons, special coupons, cash vouchers, cash or novelty goods, and discounts on car sharing system usage fees to users Alternatively, a part of the usage fee may be cashed back. These incentive benefits may be transferred from the operator of the car sharing system to another user who has accepted the request, or from one user to another user who has accepted the request. May be. The value of the incentive privilege may be higher as the above-described priority is higher, or may be changed according to another user's answer (so-called auction method). A specific example of the method for calculating the incentive privilege will be described later.

  As described above, the management operation of the car sharing system is performed by the functions realized by the control device 11 of the shared vehicle management device 10.

  Next, a control example of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of the car sharing system by the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 of the present embodiment. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 4, after one user transmits a use request by setting station ST1 as a departure station and station ST2 as a return station in order to use one shared vehicle V1. The basic control procedure until the common vehicle V1 is returned after use (procedure for borrowing and returning normally) is shown.

  First, in step S1, the control device 11 of the shared vehicle management device 10 determines whether usage request information has been transmitted from the user via the user terminal device 3X. The usage request information includes the user ID information, the ID of the shared vehicle V1 that the user intends to use, and the departure station (station ST1) and return station (station ST2) information set by the user. If it is determined in step S1 that usage request information has been transmitted, the process proceeds to step S2. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S1 that usage request information has not been transmitted, the process waits in step S1.

  In step S2, the control device 11 receives the use request information transmitted from the user terminal device 3X of the user by the use acceptance function, and uses the request information together with the received time (reservation time) information in FIG. As shown, it is stored in the database 13.

  In step S <b> 3, the control device 11 determines whether or not the user who transmitted the usage request information has boarded the shared vehicle V <b> 1 reserved for usage based on the usage request information. Specifically, the control device 11 monitors the position of the shared vehicle V1 that the user has reserved for use according to the use request information using the position monitoring function, and if the position fluctuates, the user gets on the shared vehicle V1. judge. If it is determined in step S3 that the user has boarded the shared vehicle V1, the process proceeds to step S4. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S3 that the user is not in the shared vehicle V1, the process waits in step S3.

  In step S4, the control device 11 determines whether return request information for returning the shared vehicle V1 to the return station is transmitted from the user. The return request information transmitted by the user includes the user ID information and the ID information and position information of the shared vehicle V1 used by the user. And when it determines with return request information having been transmitted in step S4, it progresses to step S5. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S4 that the return request information has not been transmitted, the process waits in step S4. In step S5, the control device 11 receives the return request transmitted from the user in step S4.

  In step S6, the control device 11 confirms whether or not the shared vehicle V1 to be returned by the user is located at the return station ST2 set in step S2 with respect to the shared vehicle V1. In step S7, the control device 11 uses the return request information received in step S5 and the information on the usage request information 133 stored in the database 13, and the ID information of the shared vehicle V1 that is about to be returned by the user. It is confirmed whether or not the ID information of the shared vehicle V1 included in the usage request information 133 transmitted by the user matches.

  In step S8, the control device 11 determines whether or not the return process can be completed for the shared vehicle V1 that is about to be returned by the user. Specifically, the control device 11 determines whether or not the current position of the shared vehicle V1 to be returned by the user based on the information confirmed in steps S6 and S7 is set for the shared vehicle V1. When it is determined that it matches the position of ST2 and the ID information matches the ID information of the shared vehicle V1 included in the usage request information 133 transmitted by the user, the shared vehicle V1 It is determined that the return process can be completed. And when it determines with the return process of the shared vehicle V1 being able to be completed in step S8, it progresses to step S9. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S8 that the return process of the shared vehicle V1 cannot be completed, the process proceeds to step S10.

  If it is determined in step S8 that the return process of the shared vehicle V1 can be completed, the process proceeds to step S9. In step S9, the control device 11 completes the return process of the shared vehicle V1 and prompts the user. On the other hand, the usage fee for the shared vehicle V1 is charged, for example, by a method such as withdrawing a credit card. On the other hand, when it is determined in step S8 that the return process of the shared vehicle V1 cannot be completed, the process proceeds to step S10. In step S11, the control device 11 interrupts the return process of the shared vehicle V1, Returning to step S4, the return request process of step S4 is executed again.

  The above is the procedure for lending and returning the shared vehicle V by the user. Next, the control related to the information exchange process between users that is executed when one user cannot borrow the shared vehicle V at a desired station. The procedure will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a control precondition in the car sharing system of the present embodiment. When one user A sets the station ST1 as a departure station, the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 to the station ST1 share a rental shared vehicle. If one user A wishes to receive a reply indicating that there is no communication, bring the shared vehicle to the station ST1 to the other users B, C, and D who are currently using the shared vehicle. This is a case in which request information including a desire and an incentive privilege is transmitted, and when there is a response from another user B, C, D, the response is transmitted to one user A. In FIG. 4, step S2 shows only a case where a use request from a user is received and a shared vehicle is rented. Actually, if a use request from a user is received in step S2, the shared vehicle management device is shown. 10 determines from the inventory status and reservation status of each station ST recorded in the database 13 whether or not a rental vehicle exists, and if not, transmits information indicating that the vehicle cannot be rented.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a basic example of a procedure for exchanging information between users by the shared vehicle management apparatus of this embodiment executed in such a case. The shared vehicle management apparatus 10 determines whether there is no rental vehicle at the station ST1 set as the departure station by the user A and there is a parking space at the station ST1, and there is no rental vehicle at the station ST1. If there is a parking space in the station ST1 (step S11), in step S12, the control device 11 acquires the shared vehicle information 131, the station information 132, and the usage request information 133 stored in the database 13, and uses them now. Extract the shared vehicles inside. In addition, the control device 11 uses the communication device 12 to extract the user terminal devices 3X2, 3X3, and 3X4 of the other users B, C, and D of the extracted shared vehicle currently in use, and the user terminal of one user A The device 3X1 is controlled to be communicable. A general-purpose social network may be used as a communication device for this type of information exchange function between users, and simple software may be incorporated because the amount of information exchanged between users is small.

  In step S13, the counter value of the incentive privilege included in the request information transmitted from one user A to the other users B, C, and D is calculated. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of steps S13 to S15. Although the value of the incentive privilege may be a constant value, the value of the incentive privilege is increased in this embodiment in order to improve the degree of request of one user A and the compliance of other users B, C, and D. Is a variable value. In other words, in step S131 of FIG. 7, one user A inputs a level at which he / she wants to use the shared vehicle (how much he wants to use) to the user terminal device 3X1. For example, Level 1 wants to use the upper limit of consideration as 100 points, Level 2 wants to use the upper limit of consideration as 250 points, Level 3 wants to use the upper limit of consideration as 500 points, Level 4 wants to use the upper limit of consideration as 1000 points Specify the upper limit of the amount of points, such as wanting to use as points. For example, if one user A inevitably wants to use a shared vehicle from the station ST1, it is set to level 4. On the other hand, if possible, one user A sets level 1 if he wants to use the station ST1.

  In step S132, the control apparatus 11 accesses the database 13, and acquires the distance to the station ST1 of each shared vehicle currently in use. In this case, as in the priority setting described above, the distance between the current position of the other user using the shared vehicle and the first station ST, or the return station of the other user using the shared vehicle The distance from 1 station ST is acquired. In step S133, the acquired distance information and travel speed estimated value are converted into time information, and the time until arrival at station ST1 is calculated.

  In steps S134, S136, and S138, the time until arrival calculated in step S133 is compared. That is, if the time to arrival is within 5 minutes, the process proceeds to step 135, where 100% of the upper limit of the level set in step S131 is set as the value of the incentive benefit, and the time to arrival is over 5 minutes and within 10 minutes. If there is, the process proceeds to step 137 and 70% of the level upper limit set in step S131 is set as the value of the incentive benefit. If the time until arrival is more than 10 minutes but less than 15 minutes, the process proceeds to step 139 and set in step S131. 50% of the upper limit of the level is set as the value for the incentive privilege. The purpose of increasing the incentive for other users B, C, and D by setting the value of the incentive privilege higher as the time to arrival is shorter, and shortening the waiting time of one user A and increasing the operating rate of the shared vehicle It is.

  In step S140, request information including the value of the incentive privilege determined in steps S131 to S139 is transmitted to the other users B, C, D, and an acceptance response is received from any other user B, C, D. If there is, the process proceeds to step S141, and the value of the incentive privilege is displayed on the user terminal device 3X1 of one user A. If there is no acceptance response from any of the other users B, C, D in step S140, the process proceeds to step S142, and a preset upper limit reduction rate, for example, set by one user A in step S131. It changes to 80% of the set upper limit, returns to step S132, and repeats steps S132 to S140. In this way, the value of the incentive privilege is automatically calculated.

  Returning to step S14 in FIG. 6, although partially overlapping with steps S140 to S142 in FIG. 7 described above, the control device 11 controls the communication device 12 to obtain request information including the calculated value of the incentive benefit. The request information from one user A is presented to the user terminals 3X2, 3X3 and 3X4 of the other users B, C and D. Then, the other users B, C, and D who have seen this respond to the request information when they are ready to accept, and the control device 11 receives this and receives it, and the user terminal device 3X1 of one user A receives it. To present. Negotiations are established if one user A accepts this presentation, but if the time until arrival or the value of the incentive privilege is unexpected, such as when it cannot be accepted, a reply to refuse is given. Send to control device 11. In step S16, a negotiation is established between one user A and another user B, C, or D, and has any of the other users B, C, or D changed the return station to station ST1? Judge whether or not. If any of the other users B, C, and D changes the return station to the station ST1, the process proceeds to step S18, and the payment process of the counter value of the accepting user and the incentive privilege is executed. On the other hand, if none of the other users B, C, and D are accepted, the process proceeds to step S17, and a message such as “Please change the use station” is presented to the user terminal device 3X1 of one user A. .

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing another example of the inter-user information exchange processing procedure by the shared vehicle management apparatus of this embodiment. In the inter-user information exchange process shown in FIG. 6 described above, in step S11, there is no rental vehicle in the station ST1 set as the departure station by one user A, and there is a parking space (even if the vehicle is empty) in the station ST1. If it is set as a return station, there is no parking space). If there is no rental vehicle at station ST1 and there is a parking space at station ST1, The information exchange function was activated. On the other hand, in this example, in step S21, there is no rental vehicle in the station ST1 set as the departure station by one user A, and there is a shared vehicle that sets the station ST1 as a return station. In some cases, the point of negotiating to shorten the return time for the shared vehicle is different.

  That is, the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 determines whether or not there is a rental vehicle at the station ST1 set as the departure station by one user A. If there is no rental vehicle at the station ST1 (step S21), step S22 is performed. The control device 11 acquires the shared vehicle information 131, the station information 132, and the use request information 133 stored in the database 13, and there is a shared vehicle in which the station ST1 is set as a return station among the currently used shared vehicles. If it exists, the shared vehicle is extracted and the process proceeds to step S23. Further, the control device 11 uses the communication device 12 to extract a user terminal device (not shown but 3 × 5 although not shown) of another user of the shared vehicle extracted (not shown). ) And the user terminal device 3X1 of one user A so as to be communicable.

  In step S23, the counter value of the incentive privilege included in the request information transmitted from one user A to another user E is calculated. An example of calculating the value of the incentive privilege is as shown in FIG. In step S24, the control device 11 transmits request information including the calculated value of the incentive privilege to the other user E, and proceeds to step S141 to determine whether or not there is an acceptance response from the other user E. If it is judged and there is an acceptance response, the value of the incentive privilege is displayed on the user terminal device 3X1 of the user A. If there is no answer of acceptance in step S25, the process proceeds to step S26. If there is no shared vehicle in which the station ST1 desired by one user A is set as the return station in step S22, the processes in steps S27 to S32 are executed. This routine is the process shown in FIG. And basically the same.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing still another example of the inter-user information exchange processing procedure by the shared vehicle management apparatus of the present embodiment. In this example, as shown in FIG. 10, there are a plurality of “one user A” in the above-described embodiment (referred to as A1 to A4), and users A1 and A2 among these one users A1 to A4 request. An example of inter-user information exchange processing when there are a plurality of stations ST1 and ST2 that are desired to be returned to other users, such as the departure station being ST1 and the departure stations requested by the users A3 and A4 being ST2.

  First, the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 determines whether there is no rental vehicle in any of the stations ST1 and ST2 set as the departure station by one user A1 to A4, and whether or not there is a parking space in any of the stations ST1 and ST2. If there is no rental vehicle in the stations ST1 and ST2 and there is a parking space in the stations ST1 and ST2, in step S41, the control device 11 uses the shared vehicle information 131 stored in the database 13 and the station Information 132 and use request information 133 are acquired, and a shared vehicle currently in use is extracted. In addition, the control device 11 uses the communication device 12 to extract the user terminal device 3X6 of the other user F (or a plurality of users) F of the shared vehicle currently being used and the user terminal device of one user A1 to A4. (Not shown, but 3X11 to 3X14) is controlled to be communicable.

  In step S42, the counter value of the incentive privilege included in the request information transmitted from each of the one user A1 to A4 to the other user F is calculated. An example of calculating the value of the incentive privilege is as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, the value of each incentive privilege of one user A1 to A4 is 1000 points, 500 points, 1000 points, and 500 points.

  In step S44, it is determined for each of the users A1 to A2 whether the distance or arrival time from the current position or return station of the other user F to the station ST1 or ST2 is the shortest. In this example, since the station ST2 is closer to the return station ST3, one user A3, A4 (desired station ST2) proceeds to step S45 in step S44, and one user A1 and A2 ( Desired station ST1) proceeds to step S48. In step S45, the value of the incentive privilege of one user A3, A4 is compared, the highest user (1000 point user A3 in this case) proceeds to step S46, and the user who is not sending (in this case, user A4 of 500 points) ) Goes to step 50.

  In step S <b> 46, the request information of the user A <b> 3 with the shortest distance or arrival time from the current position or return station of the other user F and the highest value of the incentive benefit is transmitted to the other user F. In step S47, the acceptance from the other user F is determined, and if accepted, the user A3 having the shortest arrival time and the highest value of the incentive benefit can borrow the shared vehicle as the departure station ST2.

  On the other hand, in step S45, the user A4 whose value of the incentive privilege is relatively low proceeds to step S50, and there is remaining incentive information (users A1 and A2). Therefore, the process proceeds to step S51, and the user A3 of the desired station ST2 , A4 has the second highest value for the incentive privilege, so the process proceeds to step S46. When there are a plurality of other users F, as in the case of the user A3 described above, in step S46, the distance or arrival time from the current position or return station of the other user F is the shortest, and the incentive benefit Request information of the user A4 having the next highest value is transmitted to the other user F. In step S47, the acceptance from the other user F is determined, and if accepted, the user A4 having the shortest arrival time and the second highest value of the incentive benefit can borrow the shared vehicle as the departure station ST2. it can.

  In step S44, for the users A1 and A2 whose arrival time from the current position of the other user F or the return station is not the shortest, the process proceeds to step S48, but for one of the users A1 and A2, the remaining incentive information remains. Therefore, the process proceeds to step S49, and since the arrival time of the desired station ST1 is the second shortest, the process proceeds to step S45. In step S45, the user A1 with relatively high value of the incentive privilege proceeds to step S46, and when there are a plurality of other users F, as in the case of the above-described users A3 and A4, step S46 is performed. Then, the distance or arrival time from the current position or return station of the other user F is gradually shortened, and the request information of the user A1 having the highest value of the incentive privilege is transmitted to the other user F. In step S47, the acceptance from the other user F is determined, and if accepted, the user A1 whose arrival time is the second shortest and among which the highest value for the incentive benefit is rented out as a departure station ST2. be able to.

  By the way, for the user A2 who has the longest arrival time from the current location or return station of the other user F and who has the lowest value of the incentive privilege, the borrowing from the desired station ST1 is stopped or the middle As long as the value of the incentive privilege is not listed, the direct negotiation in this example cannot be performed, and although not shown in the drawing, this process is terminated.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the first station set by one user to use a shared vehicle is not rentable (including a case where a shared vehicle does not exist or is reserved even if it exists). In some cases, the one user directly negotiates with another user who is currently using the shared vehicle to change the shared vehicle of the other user from the station desired by the first user to the return station. be able to. As a result, the operating rate of the shared vehicle V can be increased.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the distance between the current position of another user who is using the shared vehicle and the first station or the arrival time from the current position to the first station is detected, and the distance or the arrival time is short. Since the priority as a negotiation partner is set higher for the user, it is possible to further reduce the waiting time until one user can start borrowing after starting the negotiation.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the distance between the return station and the first station of another user who is using the shared vehicle or the arrival time from the return station to the first station is detected, and this distance or the arrival time is short. Since the priority as a negotiation partner is set higher for the user, it is possible to further reduce the waiting time until one user can start borrowing after starting the negotiation.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the departure station and the return station of other users who are using the shared vehicle are detected, and the user whose negotiation station is different from the departure station and the return station compared to the same user as the departure station and the return station. Therefore, it is possible to further reduce the waiting time until one user can start borrowing after starting negotiation.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, since the request information includes incentive privilege information that is given when the negotiation is established, the establishment rate of the negotiation can be increased. In addition, since the value of the incentive privilege is set higher as the priority is higher, it is possible to achieve both improvement in the operating rate and negotiation rate. Further, as the priority is higher, the answer information from other users is presented with higher priority, so that it is possible to further reduce the waiting time until one user can start borrowing after starting the negotiation.

  In the embodiment described above, the control device 11 of the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 is used as the control means, use acceptance means, position acquisition means, and availability determination means of the present invention, and the database 13 of the shared vehicle management apparatus 10 is stored as the storage means of the present invention. The communication device 12 corresponds to the information exchange means between users of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Shared vehicle management system 10 ... Shared vehicle management apparatus 11 ... Control apparatus 111 ... CPU
112 ... ROM
113 ... RAM
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Communication apparatus 13 ... Database 131 ... Shared vehicle information 132 ... Station information 133 ... Usage request information 134 ... Map information 135 ... SOC remaining amount information 136 ... SOC consumption performance information 137 ... Usage pattern information 138 ... Charging station information 21 ... GPS Receiver 22 ... Communication device 3X, 3X1-3Xm ... User terminal device 31 ... Input device 32 ... Communication device 33 ... Display device V, V1-Vn ... Shared vehicle ST, ST1-STn ... Station 4 ... Telecommunication network

Claims (8)

In a shared vehicle management apparatus for managing a plurality of shared vehicles shared by a plurality of users,
Storage means for storing ID information of the shared vehicle and a plurality of station information for lending and returning the shared vehicle;
ID information of the shared vehicle that the user intends to use, information on a departure station that the user has set to use the shared vehicle from among a plurality of stations stored in the storage means, and storage in the storage means Use acceptance means for accepting a use reservation including information on a return station set by the user to return the shared vehicle from among the plurality of stations,
Station availability detection means for detecting information on availability of rental and return of the shared vehicle at each station;
Inter-user information exchanging means for exchanging information between at least a user who is using the shared vehicle and a user who intends to use the shared vehicle;
When it is detected by the station availability detection means that the first station set by one user to use the shared vehicle is not lent, the one user and the shared vehicle are being used. Control means for controlling the inter-user information exchanging means so as to be able to negotiate with other users to return the shared vehicle being used by the other users to the first station; A shared vehicle management device. The control means includes
When it is detected by the station availability detection means that the first station set by the one user to use the shared vehicle is not lent,
Extract users who are using the shared vehicle by the use acceptance means,
The request information including the return station desired by the one user is received, and this is transmitted to other users who are using the shared vehicle,
The shared vehicle management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein response information from the other user is received and presented to the one user.   The shared vehicle management apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the request information includes incentive privilege information given when the negotiation is established. It further comprises position acquisition means for acquiring information on the current position of the shared vehicle,
The control means includes
Detecting the distance between the current position of the other user using the shared vehicle and the first station or the arrival time from the current position to the first station;
The shared vehicle management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a priority level as a negotiation partner is set higher for another user having a shorter distance or arrival time. The control means includes
Detecting the distance between the return station of the other user using the shared vehicle and the first station or the arrival time from the return station to the first station;
The shared vehicle management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a priority level as a negotiation partner is set higher for another user having a shorter distance or arrival time. The control means includes
Detecting departure and return stations of other users using the shared vehicle,
The shared vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a higher priority is set as a negotiating partner for a user whose departure station and return station are different than a user whose departure station and return station are the same. Management device.   The shared vehicle management device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the control means sets the value of incentive privilege information given when the negotiation is established as the priority is higher.   The shared vehicle management apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the control means preferentially presents answer information from the other user as the priority is higher.