JP6452382B2 - Fluid heater - Google Patents

Fluid heater Download PDF

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JP6452382B2
JP6452382B2 JP2014217532A JP2014217532A JP6452382B2 JP 6452382 B2 JP6452382 B2 JP 6452382B2 JP 2014217532 A JP2014217532 A JP 2014217532A JP 2014217532 A JP2014217532 A JP 2014217532A JP 6452382 B2 JP6452382 B2 JP 6452382B2
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pair
fluid
electrode plate
electrode plates
electrode
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JP2016085854A (en
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康裕 大矢
康裕 大矢
康紘 古賀
康紘 古賀
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Kyosan Denki Co Ltd
Denso Corp
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Kyosan Denki Co Ltd
Denso Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/125—Fuel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/78—Heating arrangements specially adapted for immersion heating
    • H05B3/82—Fixedly-mounted immersion heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/18—Heating or cooling the filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)

Description

本発明は、ＰＴＣ素子によって、流路を通過する流体を加熱する流体加熱ヒータに関する。   The present invention relates to a fluid heater that heats a fluid passing through a flow path by a PTC element.

流体加熱ヒータは、ＰＴＣ素子を用いて、例えば、エンジンに供給される燃料を、所定の温度になるように加熱している。この流体加熱ヒータとしては、例えば、特許文献１に開示されたものがある。
特許文献１においては、一対の電極板によってＰＴＣ素子を加熱し、一対の電極板の間に形成された加熱経路を流れる流体をＰＴＣ素子によって加熱する流体加熱ヒータについて記載されている。この流体加熱ヒータにおいては、一対の電極板の少なくともいずれか一方には、他方の電極板に向かって一又は二以上の整流板が立設されている。そして、整流板によって、加熱流路を流れる流体がＰＴＣ素子へ向かうようにして、ＰＴＣ素子による加熱を促進している。 The fluid heater uses, for example, a PTC element to heat the fuel supplied to the engine to a predetermined temperature. An example of the fluid heater is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
Patent Document 1 describes a fluid heater that heats a PTC element by a pair of electrode plates and heats a fluid flowing through a heating path formed between the pair of electrode plates by the PTC element. In this fluid heater, at least one of the pair of electrode plates is provided with one or more rectifying plates standing toward the other electrode plate. The fluid flowing through the heating channel is directed to the PTC element by the rectifying plate to promote heating by the PTC element.

特開２０１０−１６４２７８号公報JP 2010-164278 A

しかしながら、特許文献１等に記載された従来の流体加熱ヒータにおいては、ＰＴＣ素子によって流体を加熱する加熱流路は、一対の電極板の間にしか形成されていない。そのため、流体は、一対の電極板の間を通過する時間しか加熱されず、流体が一対の電極板の表面を滞留する時間を長くすることが困難である。従って、ＰＴＣ素子による加熱効率を更に高めるためには、更なる工夫が必要とされる。   However, in the conventional fluid heater described in Patent Document 1 or the like, the heating flow path for heating the fluid by the PTC element is formed only between the pair of electrode plates. Therefore, the fluid is heated only for the time passing between the pair of electrode plates, and it is difficult to lengthen the time for the fluid to stay on the surface of the pair of electrode plates. Therefore, in order to further increase the heating efficiency by the PTC element, further ingenuity is required.

本発明は、かかる背景に鑑みてなされたもので、各ＰＴＣ素子による流体の加熱効率を更に高めることができる流体加熱ヒータを提供しようとして得られたものである。   The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and has been obtained in an attempt to provide a fluid heater that can further increase the heating efficiency of fluid by each PTC element.

本発明の一態様は、複数のＰＴＣ素子と、
該複数のＰＴＣ素子を両側から挟み込み、該複数のＰＴＣ素子に通電するための一対の電極板と、
該一対の電極板の両側から該一対の電極板を上記複数のＰＴＣ素子に押圧する一対の押圧部材と、
上記複数のＰＴＣ素子、上記一対の電極板及び上記一対の押圧部材を収容するケースと、を備える流体加熱ヒータにおいて、
上記一対の電極板同士の間、該一対の電極板の一方である第１電極板と上記一対の押圧部材の一方である第１押圧部材との間、及び上記一対の電極板の他方である第２電極板と上記一対の押圧部材の他方である第２押圧部材との間には、上記流体加熱ヒータの中心部の回りに流体を通過させるための流体流路がそれぞれ形成されており、
上記複数のＰＴＣ素子から発生する熱を、上記第１電極板の両面及び上記第２電極板の両面から、上記流体流路を通過する流体に伝達するよう構成されている流体加熱ヒータにある。
本発明の他の態様は、複数のＰＴＣ素子と、
該複数のＰＴＣ素子を両側から挟み込み、該複数のＰＴＣ素子に通電するための一対の電極板と、
該一対の電極板の両側から該一対の電極板を上記複数のＰＴＣ素子に押圧する一対の押圧部材と、
上記複数のＰＴＣ素子、上記一対の電極板及び上記一対の押圧部材を収容するケースと、を備え、
上記一対の電極板同士の間、該一対の電極板の一方である第１電極板と上記一対の押圧部材の一方である第１押圧部材との間、及び上記一対の電極板の他方である第２電極板と上記一対の押圧部材の他方である第２押圧部材との間に、上記複数のＰＴＣ素子によって加熱される流体が通過する流体流路が形成されており、
上記第１押圧部材は、上記ＰＴＣ素子に対面する、上記第１電極板の部分に対向して突出する複数の対向突起が設けられた樹脂プレートからなり、
上記第２押圧部材は、上記ＰＴＣ素子に対面する、上記第２電極板の部分に弾性力を付与する複数の弾性変形爪が設けられた板バネからなることを特徴とする流体加熱ヒータにある。 One embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of PTC elements,
A pair of electrode plates for sandwiching the plurality of PTC elements from both sides and energizing the plurality of PTC elements;
A pair of pressing members that press the pair of electrode plates against the plurality of PTC elements from both sides of the pair of electrode plates;
The plurality of PTC elements, a case for accommodating the pair of electrode plates and the pair of pressing members, the fluid heater of Ru with a
Between the pair of electrode plates, between the first electrode plate that is one of the pair of electrode plates and the first pressing member that is one of the pair of pressing members, and the other of the pair of electrode plates. between the second pressing member is the other of the second electrode plate and the pair of pressing members, the fluid flow path for Ru passed through a fluid around the central portion of the fluid heater is formed respectively ,
The fluid heater is configured to transmit heat generated from the plurality of PTC elements from both surfaces of the first electrode plate and both surfaces of the second electrode plate to the fluid passing through the fluid flow path .
Another aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of PTC elements,
A pair of electrode plates for sandwiching the plurality of PTC elements from both sides and energizing the plurality of PTC elements;
A pair of pressing members that press the pair of electrode plates against the plurality of PTC elements from both sides of the pair of electrode plates;
A case for accommodating the plurality of PTC elements, the pair of electrode plates, and the pair of pressing members;
Between the pair of electrode plates, between the first electrode plate that is one of the pair of electrode plates and the first pressing member that is one of the pair of pressing members, and the other of the pair of electrode plates. Between the second electrode plate and the second pressing member which is the other of the pair of pressing members, a fluid flow path is formed through which the fluid heated by the plurality of PTC elements passes.
The first pressing member includes a resin plate provided with a plurality of opposing protrusions that face the PTC element and protrude to face the portion of the first electrode plate.
The fluid pressure heater is characterized in that the second pressing member comprises a leaf spring provided with a plurality of elastically deformable claws that face the PTC element and impart elastic force to the portion of the second electrode plate. .

上記流体加熱ヒータは、一対の電極板同士の間、第１電極板と第１押圧部材との間、及び第２電極板と第２押圧部材との間の３つの空間に、流体流路を有している。また、一対の電極板は各ＰＴＣ素子から発生する熱を流体に伝達する。これにより、流体は、一対の電極板の間を通過する時間だけでなく、各電極板の外側を通過する時間も加熱される。そして、各ＰＴＣ素子から発生する熱を、第１電極板の両面及び第２電極板の両面から、３つの空間における流体流路を通過する流体に伝達することができる。そのため、各ＰＴＣ素子から発生する熱を流体に伝達するための各電極板の面積を、効果的に増やすことができる。   The fluid heater has fluid flow paths in three spaces between a pair of electrode plates, between a first electrode plate and a first pressing member, and between a second electrode plate and a second pressing member. Have. Further, the pair of electrode plates transfer heat generated from each PTC element to the fluid. Thereby, not only the time for the fluid to pass between the pair of electrode plates but also the time for the fluid to pass outside each electrode plate is heated. The heat generated from each PTC element can be transmitted from both surfaces of the first electrode plate and both surfaces of the second electrode plate to the fluid passing through the fluid flow paths in the three spaces. Therefore, the area of each electrode plate for transmitting heat generated from each PTC element to the fluid can be effectively increased.

それ故、上記流体加熱ヒータによれば、各ＰＴＣ素子による流体の加熱効率を更に高めることができる。   Therefore, according to the fluid heater, it is possible to further increase the heating efficiency of the fluid by each PTC element.

実施例にかかる、流体加熱ヒータを示す断面説明図。Cross-sectional explanatory drawing which shows the fluid heater concerning an Example. 実施例にかかる、流体加熱ヒータを分解した状態を示す斜視説明図。The perspective explanatory view which shows the state which decomposed | disassembled the fluid heater concerning an Example. 実施例にかかる、ケースを示す図で、図２におけるIII−III線を矢視した場合の説明図。It is a figure which shows a case concerning an Example and is explanatory drawing at the time of seeing the III-III line in FIG. 実施例にかかる、樹脂プレートを示す図で、図２におけるIV−IV線を矢視した場合の説明図。It is a figure which shows the resin plate concerning an Example, and is explanatory drawing at the time of seeing the IV-IV line in FIG. 実施例にかかる、第１電極板及びＰＴＣ素子を示す図で、図２におけるV−V線を矢視した場合の説明図。It is a figure which shows the 1st electrode plate and PTC element concerning an Example, and is explanatory drawing at the time of seeing the VV line in FIG. 実施例にかかる、第２電極板を示す図で、図２におけるVI−VI線を矢視した場合の説明図。It is a figure which shows the 2nd electrode plate concerning an Example, and is explanatory drawing at the time of seeing the VI-VI line in FIG. 実施例にかかる、板バネを示す図で、図２におけるVII−VII線を矢視した場合の説明図。The figure which shows a leaf | plate spring concerning an Example, and is explanatory drawing at the time of seeing the VII-VII line in FIG. 実施例にかかる、流体加熱ヒータにおける主要部の周方向に沿った断面を、直線状に展開して模式的に示す断面説明図。Cross-sectional explanatory drawing which expand | deploys linearly and shows the cross section along the circumferential direction of the principal part in the fluid heating heater concerning an Example typically. 実施例にかかる、３つの空間における流体流路の４つの構造（ａ），（ｂ），（ｃ），（ｄ）を模式的に示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows typically four structures (a), (b), (c), (d) of the fluid flow path in three spaces concerning an Example.

上述した流体加熱ヒータにおける好ましい実施の形態について説明する。
上記流体加熱ヒータにおいては、３つの空間における流体流路の構造は、３つの空間における流体流路の一方から他方へ、流体が同時に並行して通過する構造とすることができる（図９（ｂ）参照）。また、３つの空間における流体流路の構造は、流体が、２つの空間における流体流路を一方から他方へ同時に並行して通過した後、残りの１つの空間における流体流路を他方から一方へ通過する構造とすることもできる（図９（ｃ）参照）。また、３つの空間における流体流路の構造は、流体が、１つの空間における流体流路を一方から他方へ通過した後、残りの２つの空間における流体流路を他方から一方へ同時に並行して通過する構造とすることもできる（図９（ｄ）参照）。
さらに、３つの空間における流体流路の構造は、流体が、１つの空間における流体流路を一方から他方へ通過した後、他の１つの空間における流体流路を他方から一方へ通過し、その後、残りの１つの空間における流体流路を一方から他方へ通過する構造とすることもできる（図９（ａ）参照）。 A preferred embodiment of the fluid heater described above will be described.
In the fluid heater described above, the structure of the fluid flow paths in the three spaces can be a structure in which fluids simultaneously pass in parallel from one of the fluid flow paths in the three spaces to the other (FIG. 9B). )reference). In addition, the structure of the fluid flow paths in the three spaces is that the fluid passes through the fluid flow paths in the two spaces simultaneously from one to the other in parallel, and then the fluid flow paths in the remaining one space from the other to the other. It can also be a structure that passes through (see FIG. 9C). In addition, the structure of the fluid flow paths in the three spaces is such that the fluid passes through the fluid flow paths in one space from one side to the other, and then the fluid flow paths in the remaining two spaces simultaneously from the other to one side in parallel. It can also be a structure that passes through (see FIG. 9D).
Furthermore, the structure of the fluid flow path in the three spaces is that the fluid passes through the fluid flow path in one space from one to the other, then passes the fluid flow path in the other one space from the other to the other, and then In addition, the fluid flow path in the remaining one space may be configured to pass from one to the other (see FIG. 9A).

上記流体加熱ヒータにおいては、上記流体流路は、上記第１電極板と上記第１押圧部材との間、上記第１電極板と上記第２電極板との間、及び上記第２電極板と上記第２押圧部材との間の順に流体を通過させる構造に形成されていてもよい。
これにより、ＰＴＣ素子によって加熱する流体を、３つの空間における流体流路を蛇行させて通過させることができる。そのため、ＰＴＣ素子による流体の加熱効率をより一層高めることができる。 In the fluid heater, the fluid flow path is formed between the first electrode plate and the first pressing member, between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, and the second electrode plate. You may form in the structure which lets a fluid pass in order between the said 2nd press members.
Thereby, the fluid heated by the PTC element can be caused to pass through the fluid flow paths in the three spaces. Therefore, the heating efficiency of the fluid by the PTC element can be further enhanced.

以下に、流体加熱ヒータにかかる実施例について、図面を参照して説明する。
本例の流体加熱ヒータ１は、図１に示すように、複数のＰＴＣ素子２、一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂ、一対の押圧部材としての樹脂プレート４及び板バネ５Ａ、並びにケース６を備えている。複数のＰＴＣ（Positive temperature coefficient）素子２は、通電によって発熱し、かつ温度によって抵抗値が変化する性質を有している。一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂは、複数のＰＴＣ素子２を両側から挟み込み、複数のＰＴＣ素子２に通電を行うよう構成されている。樹脂プレート４及び板バネ５Ａは、一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂの両側から一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂを複数のＰＴＣ素子２に押圧するよう構成されている。ケース６は、複数のＰＴＣ素子２、一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂ、樹脂プレート４及び板バネ５Ａを収容するよう構成されている。
一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂ同士の間、第１電極板３Ａと樹脂プレート４との間、及び第２電極板３Ｂと板バネ５Ａとの間には、複数のＰＴＣ素子２によって加熱される流体Ｒが通過する流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃが形成されている。 Below, the example concerning a fluid heater is described with reference to drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the fluid heater 1 of this example includes a plurality of PTC elements 2, a pair of electrode plates 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B, a pair of resin plates 4 and leaf springs 5 </ b> A as pressing members, and a case 6. Yes. A plurality of PTC (Positive temperature coefficient) elements 2 have the property that they generate heat when energized and their resistance values change with temperature. The pair of electrode plates 3A and 3B are configured to sandwich the plurality of PTC elements 2 from both sides and to energize the plurality of PTC elements 2. The resin plate 4 and the plate spring 5A are configured to press the pair of electrode plates 3A, 3B against the plurality of PTC elements 2 from both sides of the pair of electrode plates 3A, 3B. The case 6 is configured to accommodate a plurality of PTC elements 2, a pair of electrode plates 3A and 3B, a resin plate 4, and a leaf spring 5A.
A fluid heated by the plurality of PTC elements 2 between the pair of electrode plates 3A and 3B, between the first electrode plate 3A and the resin plate 4, and between the second electrode plate 3B and the plate spring 5A. Fluid flow paths 7A, 7B, and 7C through which R passes are formed.

以下に、本例の流体加熱ヒータ１について、図１〜図８を参照して詳説する。
図１に示すように、本例の流体加熱ヒータ１は、流体Ｒとしての燃料を加熱するために用いられる。燃料は、燃料タンクからポンプによって流体加熱ヒータ１に供給され、流体加熱ヒータ１によって一定の温度に加熱された後、インジェクタから噴射される。また、流体加熱ヒータ１は、フィルタ１３と一体化されており、流体加熱ヒータ１によって加熱された燃料は、フィルタ１３を通過してインジェクタに供給される。 Hereinafter, the fluid heater 1 of this example will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the fluid heater 1 of this example is used to heat the fuel as the fluid R. The fuel is supplied from the fuel tank to the fluid heater 1 by a pump, heated to a certain temperature by the fluid heater 1, and then injected from the injector. The fluid heater 1 is integrated with the filter 13, and the fuel heated by the fluid heater 1 passes through the filter 13 and is supplied to the injector.

図８は、流体加熱ヒータ１における主要部の周方向Ｃに沿った断面を、直線状に展開して模式的に示す。同図に示すように、本例の流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃは、流体加熱ヒータ１の中心部１１の回りを回る流路として形成されている。複数のＰＴＣ素子２は、中心部１１の回りの周方向Ｃに並んで配置されている。流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃは、第１電極板３Ａと樹脂プレート４との間、第１電極板３Ａと第２電極板３Ｂとの間、及び第２電極板３Ｂと板バネ５Ａとの間の順に流体Ｒを通過させる構造に形成されている。   FIG. 8 schematically shows a cross section along the circumferential direction C of the main part in the fluid heater 1, developed in a straight line. As shown in the figure, the fluid flow paths 7A, 7B, and 7C of this example are formed as flow paths that go around the central portion 11 of the fluid heater 1. The plurality of PTC elements 2 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction C around the central portion 11. The fluid flow paths 7A, 7B, and 7C are provided between the first electrode plate 3A and the resin plate 4, between the first electrode plate 3A and the second electrode plate 3B, and between the second electrode plate 3B and the plate spring 5A. It is formed in a structure that allows the fluid R to pass through in the order.

第１押圧部材としての樹脂プレート４は、ＰＴＣ素子２に対面する、第１電極板３Ａの部分に対向して突出する複数の対向突起４１を有している。第２押圧部材としての板バネ５Ａは、ＰＴＣ素子２に対面する、第２電極板３Ｂの部分に弾性力を付与する複数の弾性変形爪５１を有している。弾性変形爪５１は、第１板バネ５Ａの一部を切り開くようにして形成されている。板バネ５Ａの外側面には、板バネ５Ａを補強するための剛性プレート５Ｂが積層されている。剛性プレート５Ｂには、必要な剛性が確保されれば、金属、樹脂、セラミック等のいずれの部材を使用してもよい。また、剛性プレート５Ｂは、板バネ５Ａの剛性を高めるものであり、板バネ５Ａの剛性が確保できれば廃止することができる。
各ＰＴＣ素子２は、板バネ５Ａから各ＰＴＣ素子２に付与される弾性力が各対向突起４１によって受け止められることによって、樹脂プレート４と板バネ５Ａとの間に挟持される。 The resin plate 4 as the first pressing member has a plurality of opposing protrusions 41 that face the PTC element 2 and protrude to face the portion of the first electrode plate 3A. The leaf spring 5A as the second pressing member has a plurality of elastic deformation claws 51 that impart elastic force to the portion of the second electrode plate 3B that faces the PTC element 2. The elastic deformation claw 51 is formed so as to open a part of the first leaf spring 5A. A rigid plate 5B for reinforcing the leaf spring 5A is laminated on the outer surface of the leaf spring 5A. Any member such as metal, resin, or ceramic may be used for the rigid plate 5B as long as necessary rigidity is ensured. The rigid plate 5B increases the rigidity of the leaf spring 5A, and can be eliminated if the rigidity of the leaf spring 5A can be secured.
Each PTC element 2 is sandwiched between the resin plate 4 and the leaf spring 5 </ b> A by the elastic force applied to each PTC element 2 from the leaf spring 5 </ b> A being received by each opposing protrusion 41.

図３に示すように、ケース６には、流体Ｒの入口７０が形成されている。図４に示すように、樹脂プレート４には、第１電極板３Ａと樹脂プレート４との間に流体Ｒを流入させるための第１流入口７１が形成されている。また、樹脂プレート４の内周側部分と外周側部分とには、流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃを形成するための立壁４３が形成されている。
図４、図５に示すように、第１電極板３Ａには、第１流入口７１から周方向Ｃの一方側Ｃ１に回った位置において、第１電極板３Ａと樹脂プレート４との間から第１電極板３Ａと第２電極板３Ｂとの間へ流体Ｒを流入させるための第２流入口７２が形成されている。図５、図６に示すように、第２電極板３Ｂには、第２流入口７２から周方向Ｃの他方側Ｃ２に回った位置において、第１電極板３Ａと第２電極板３Ｂとの間から第２電極板３Ｂと板バネ５Ａとの間へ流体Ｒを流入させるための第３流入口７３が形成されている。図６、図７に示すように、板バネ５Ａ及び剛性プレート５Ｂには、第３流入口７３から周方向Ｃの一方側Ｃ１に回った位置において、第２電極板３Ｂと板バネ５Ａ及び剛性プレート５Ｂとの間からフィルタ１３へ流体Ｒを流出させるための流出口７４が形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 3, an inlet 70 for the fluid R is formed in the case 6. As shown in FIG. 4, the resin plate 4 is formed with a first inlet 71 for allowing the fluid R to flow between the first electrode plate 3 </ b> A and the resin plate 4. Further, standing walls 43 for forming the fluid flow paths 7A, 7B, and 7C are formed on the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the resin plate 4.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the first electrode plate 3 </ b> A is provided between the first electrode plate 3 </ b> A and the resin plate 4 at a position rotated from the first inlet 71 to one side C <b> 1 in the circumferential direction C. A second inflow port 72 for allowing the fluid R to flow between the first electrode plate 3A and the second electrode plate 3B is formed. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the second electrode plate 3 </ b> B has a first electrode plate 3 </ b> A and a second electrode plate 3 </ b> B at a position rotated from the second inlet 72 to the other side C <b> 2 in the circumferential direction C. A third inflow port 73 is formed for allowing the fluid R to flow between the second electrode plate 3B and the leaf spring 5A. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the plate spring 5 </ b> A and the rigid plate 5 </ b> B include the second electrode plate 3 </ b> B, the plate spring 5 </ b> A, the An outflow port 74 for allowing the fluid R to flow out from between the plate 5B and the filter 13 is formed.

図２は、流体加熱ヒータ１を、ケース６、樹脂プレート４、第１電極板３Ａ、第２電極板３Ｂ、板バネ５Ａ及び剛性プレート５Ｂに分解した状態を、下側（フィルタ１３側）から見た状態で示す。図２、図４に示すように、樹脂プレート４には、複数のＰＴＣ素子２の位置決めをするための複数のガイド突起４２が設けられている。複数のガイド突起４２は、円盤形状を有する各ＰＴＣ素子２の側面の外周の複数個所（本例では３か所）に対向して、各ＰＴＣ素子２を規定の位置にガイドする。図２、図５、図６に示すように、第１電極板３Ａ及び第２電極板３Ｂには、複数のガイド突起４２が挿通される複数のガイド穴３１が形成されている。各ガイド突起４２が、第１電極板３Ａ及び第２電極板３Ｂの各ガイド穴３１に挿入されることにより、各ＰＴＣ素子２を第１電極板３Ａと第２電極板３Ｂとの間に安定して維持することができる。   FIG. 2 shows a state in which the fluid heater 1 is disassembled into a case 6, a resin plate 4, a first electrode plate 3A, a second electrode plate 3B, a leaf spring 5A, and a rigid plate 5B from the lower side (the filter 13 side). Shown as seen. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the resin plate 4 is provided with a plurality of guide protrusions 42 for positioning the plurality of PTC elements 2. The plurality of guide projections 42 are opposed to a plurality of locations (three locations in this example) on the outer periphery of the side surface of each PTC device 2 having a disk shape, and guide each PTC device 2 to a specified position. As shown in FIGS. 2, 5, and 6, the first electrode plate 3A and the second electrode plate 3B are formed with a plurality of guide holes 31 through which the plurality of guide protrusions 42 are inserted. Each guide protrusion 42 is inserted into each guide hole 31 of the first electrode plate 3A and the second electrode plate 3B, so that each PTC element 2 is stabilized between the first electrode plate 3A and the second electrode plate 3B. Can be maintained.

図１に示すように、第１電極板３Ａ及び第２電極板３Ｂは、ＰＴＣ素子２に対面していることにより、ＰＴＣ素子２から発生される熱を放熱する放熱板としても機能する。ケース６は、ＰＴＣ素子２及び一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂに対して樹脂プレート４が配置された側から、ＰＴＣ素子２、一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂ、樹脂プレート４及び板バネ５Ａを覆っている。ケース６は、アルミニウム材料から構成されている。ケース６、樹脂プレート４、一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂ、板バネ５Ａ及び剛性プレート５Ｂの各中心部１１には、フィルタ１３を通過した後の流体Ｒが通過する出口流路１２が形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the first electrode plate 3 </ b> A and the second electrode plate 3 </ b> B also function as a heat radiating plate that radiates heat generated from the PTC element 2 by facing the PTC element 2. The case 6 covers the PTC element 2, the pair of electrode plates 3A, 3B, the resin plate 4 and the plate spring 5A from the side where the resin plate 4 is disposed with respect to the PTC element 2 and the pair of electrode plates 3A, 3B. Yes. Case 6 is made of an aluminum material. In each central portion 11 of the case 6, the resin plate 4, the pair of electrode plates 3A and 3B, the leaf spring 5A, and the rigid plate 5B, an outlet channel 12 through which the fluid R after passing through the filter 13 passes is formed. Yes.

次に、流体加熱ヒータ１の動作及び作用効果について説明する。
流体加熱ヒータ１を動作させるに当たっては、図２、図３に示すように、一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂを介して各ＰＴＣ素子２に通電がされ、また、ケース６の入口７０を経由して第１流入口７１へ流体Ｒが流入する。このとき、各ＰＴＣ素子２が加熱されてその温度が上昇するとその抵抗値も上昇する。そして、この各ＰＴＣ素子２の抵抗値の変化を測定しつつ、一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂへの通電量を決定する。
図２、図４に示すように、第１流入口７１から第１電極板３Ａと樹脂プレート４との間の第１流体流路７Ａに流入する流体Ｒは、この第１流体流路７Ａを周方向Ｃの一方側Ｃ１へ回るようにして流れる。このとき、各ＰＴＣ素子２によって発生する熱は、第１電極板３Ａから放熱されて第１流体流路７Ａを流れる流体Ｒに伝熱される。そして、第１流体流路７Ａを流れる流体Ｒは、図５に示すように、第２流入口７２へ流入する。 Next, the operation and effect of the fluid heater 1 will be described.
In operating the fluid heater 1, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each PTC element 2 is energized through a pair of electrode plates 3A and 3B, and via the inlet 70 of the case 6. The fluid R flows into the first inlet 71. At this time, when each PTC element 2 is heated and its temperature rises, its resistance value also rises. And the energization amount to a pair of electrode plate 3A, 3B is determined, measuring the change of the resistance value of each PTC element 2.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the fluid R flowing from the first inlet 71 into the first fluid channel 7A between the first electrode plate 3A and the resin plate 4 passes through the first fluid channel 7A. It flows so as to turn to one side C1 in the circumferential direction C. At this time, the heat generated by each PTC element 2 is radiated from the first electrode plate 3A and transferred to the fluid R flowing through the first fluid flow path 7A. Then, the fluid R flowing through the first fluid flow path 7A flows into the second inlet 72 as shown in FIG.

次いで、同図に示すように、第２流入口７２から第１電極板３Ａと第２電極板３Ｂとの間の第２流体流路７Ｂに流入する流体Ｒは、この第２流体流路７Ｂを周方向Ｃの他方側Ｃ２へ回るようにして流れる。このとき、各ＰＴＣ素子２によって発生する熱は、第１電極板３Ａ、第２電極板３Ｂ及び各ＰＴＣ素子２の側面から放熱されて第２流体流路７Ｂを流れる流体Ｒに伝熱される。そして、第２流体流路７Ｂを流れる流体Ｒは、図６に示すように、第３流入口７３へ流入する。   Next, as shown in the figure, the fluid R flowing into the second fluid channel 7B between the first electrode plate 3A and the second electrode plate 3B from the second inlet 72 is the second fluid channel 7B. In the circumferential direction C so as to turn to the other side C2. At this time, the heat generated by each PTC element 2 is radiated from the first electrode plate 3A, the second electrode plate 3B, and the side surfaces of each PTC element 2 and transferred to the fluid R flowing through the second fluid flow path 7B. And the fluid R which flows through the 2nd fluid flow path 7B flows in into the 3rd inflow port 73, as shown in FIG.

次いで、同図に示すように、第３流入口７３から第２電極板３Ｂと板バネ５Ａとの間の第３流体流路７Ｃに流入する流体Ｒは、この第３流体流路７Ｃを周方向Ｃの一方側Ｃ１へ回るようにして流れる。このとき、各ＰＴＣ素子２によって発生する熱は、第２電極板３Ｂから放熱されて第３流体流路７Ｃを流れる流体Ｒに伝熱される。そして、第３流体流路７Ｃを流れる流体Ｒは、図７に示すように、流出口７４へ流出する。
その後、流体Ｒは、フィルタ１３を通ってろ過され、流体加熱ヒータ１の中心部１１に形成された出口流路１２を通って外部へ流出する。 Next, as shown in the figure, the fluid R flowing into the third fluid channel 7C between the second electrode plate 3B and the leaf spring 5A from the third inlet 73 passes around the third fluid channel 7C. It flows so as to turn to one side C1 in the direction C. At this time, the heat generated by each PTC element 2 is radiated from the second electrode plate 3B and transferred to the fluid R flowing through the third fluid channel 7C. And the fluid R which flows through 7 C of 3rd fluid flow paths flows out to the outflow port 74, as shown in FIG.
Thereafter, the fluid R is filtered through the filter 13 and flows out through the outlet channel 12 formed in the central portion 11 of the fluid heater 1.

このように、本例の流体加熱ヒータ１においては、流体Ｒが３つの流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃを通過する際に、各ＰＴＣ素子２から一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂを介して流体Ｒが加熱される。これにより、流体Ｒは、一対の電極板３Ａ，３Ｂの間を通過する時間だけでなく、各電極板３Ａ，３Ｂの外側を通過する時間も加熱される。そして、各ＰＴＣ素子２から発生する熱を、第１電極板３Ａの両面及び第２電極板３Ｂの両面から、３つの流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃを通過する流体Ｒに伝達することができる。そのため、各ＰＴＣ素子２から発生する熱を流体Ｒに伝達するための各電極板３Ａ，３Ｂの面積を、効果的に増やすことができる。   Thus, in the fluid heater 1 of this example, when the fluid R passes through the three fluid flow paths 7A, 7B, and 7C, the fluid R flows from each PTC element 2 via the pair of electrode plates 3A and 3B. Is heated. Thereby, the fluid R is heated not only for the time passing between the pair of electrode plates 3A and 3B but also for the time passing the outside of the electrode plates 3A and 3B. The heat generated from each PTC element 2 can be transmitted from both surfaces of the first electrode plate 3A and both surfaces of the second electrode plate 3B to the fluid R passing through the three fluid flow paths 7A, 7B, 7C. . Therefore, the area of each electrode plate 3A, 3B for transmitting the heat generated from each PTC element 2 to the fluid R can be effectively increased.

それ故、本例の流体加熱ヒータ１によれば、各ＰＴＣ素子２による流体Ｒの加熱効率を更に高めることができる。   Therefore, according to the fluid heater 1 of this example, the heating efficiency of the fluid R by each PTC element 2 can be further increased.

本例において示した流体加熱ヒータ１の３つの空間における流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃの構造は、図９（ａ）に模式的に示すように、流体Ｒが、１つの空間における流体流路７Ａを一方から他方へ通過した後、他の１つの空間における流体流路７Ｂを他方から一方へ通過し、その後、残りの１つの空間における流体流路７Ｃを一方から他方へ通過する構造とした。
これ以外にも、３つの空間における流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃの構造は、次のようにすることができる。具体的には、３つの空間における流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃの構造は、図９（ｂ）に模式的に示すように、３つの空間における流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃの一方から他方へ、流体Ｒが同時に並行して通過する構造とすることができる。 The structure of the fluid flow paths 7A, 7B, and 7C in the three spaces of the fluid heater 1 shown in this example is such that the fluid R is a fluid flow path in one space as schematically shown in FIG. After passing 7A from one to the other, the fluid flow path 7B in the other one space is passed from the other to the other, and then the fluid flow path 7C in the remaining one space is passed from one to the other. .
In addition to this, the structure of the fluid flow paths 7A, 7B, and 7C in the three spaces can be as follows. Specifically, the structure of the fluid flow paths 7A, 7B, and 7C in the three spaces is changed from one to the other of the fluid flow paths 7A, 7B, and 7C in the three spaces, as schematically shown in FIG. The fluid R can be configured to pass through in parallel at the same time.

また、３つの空間における流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃの構造は、図９（ｃ）に模式的に示すように、流体Ｒが、２つの空間における流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂを一方から他方へ同時に並行して通過した後、残りの１つの空間における流体流路７Ｃを他方から一方へ通過する構造とすることもできる。
また、３つの空間における流体流路７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃの構造は、図９（ｄ）に模式的に示すように、流体Ｒが、１つの空間における流体流路７Ａを一方から他方へ通過した後、残りの２つの空間における流体流路７Ｂ，７Ｃを他方から一方へ同時に並行して通過する構造とすることもできる。 Further, the structure of the fluid flow paths 7A, 7B, and 7C in the three spaces is as follows. As shown schematically in FIG. 9C, the fluid R moves the fluid flow paths 7A and 7B in the two spaces from one to the other. It is also possible to adopt a structure in which after passing in parallel at the same time, the fluid flow path 7C in the remaining one space passes from the other to one side.
In addition, the structure of the fluid flow paths 7A, 7B, and 7C in the three spaces is such that the fluid R passes through the fluid flow path 7A in one space from one to the other as schematically shown in FIG. 9 (d). After that, the fluid flow paths 7B and 7C in the remaining two spaces may be configured to simultaneously pass from the other side to one side in parallel.

１ 流体加熱ヒータ
２ ＰＴＣ素子
３Ａ，３Ｂ 電極板
４ 樹脂プレート（第１押圧部材）
４１ 対向突起
４２ ガイド突起
５Ａ 板バネ（第２押圧部材）
５１ 弾性変形爪
５Ｂ 剛性プレート
６ ケース
７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃ 流体流路 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluid heater 2 PTC element 3A, 3B Electrode plate 4 Resin plate (1st press member)
41 Opposite protrusion 42 Guide protrusion 5A Leaf spring (second pressing member)
51 Elastic deformation claw 5B Rigid plate 6 Case 7A, 7B, 7C Fluid flow path

Claims (5)

複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）と、
該複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）を両側から挟み込み、該複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）に通電するための一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）と、
該一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）の両側から該一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）を上記複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）に押圧する一対の押圧部材（４，５Ａ）と、
上記複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）、上記一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）及び上記一対の押圧部材（４，５Ａ）を収容するケース（６）と、を備える流体加熱ヒータ（１）において、
上記一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）同士の間、該一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）の一方である第１電極板（３Ａ）と上記一対の押圧部材（４，５Ａ）の一方である第１押圧部材（４）との間、及び上記一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）の他方である第２電極板（３Ｂ）と上記一対の押圧部材（４，５Ａ）の他方である第２押圧部材（５Ａ）との間には、上記流体加熱ヒータ（１）の中心部（１１）の回りに流体（Ｒ）を通過させるための流体流路（７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃ）がそれぞれ形成されており、
上記複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）から発生する熱を、上記第１電極板（３Ａ）の両面及び上記第２電極板（３Ｂ）の両面から、上記流体流路（７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃ）を通過する流体（Ｒ）に伝達するよう構成されていることを特徴とする流体加熱ヒータ（１）。 A plurality of PTC elements (2);
A pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B) for sandwiching the plurality of PTC elements (2) from both sides and energizing the plurality of PTC elements (2);
A pair of pressing members (4, 5A) for pressing the pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B) against the plurality of PTC elements (2) from both sides of the pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B);
The plurality of PTC elements (2), the pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B) and a case (6) for accommodating the pair of pressing members (4, 5A), in the fluid heater of Ru with a (1),
Between the pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B), the first electrode plate (3A) which is one of the pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B) and one of the pair of pressing members (4, 5A). The second electrode plate (3B), which is the other of the pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B) and the other of the pair of pressing members (4, 5A), between the first pressing member (4) and the second. between the pressing member (5A), the fluid flow path for Ru passed through a fluid (R) around the central portion (11) of the fluid heater (1) (7A, 7B, 7C) are each formed Has been
The heat generated from the plurality of PTC elements (2) passes through the fluid flow path (7A, 7B, 7C) from both surfaces of the first electrode plate (3A) and both surfaces of the second electrode plate (3B). A fluid heater (1) configured to transmit to a fluid (R ). 上記第２押圧部材（５Ａ）には、該第２押圧部材（５Ａ）を補強するための剛性プレート（５Ｂ）が積層されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の流体加熱ヒータ（１）。   The fluid heater (1) according to claim 1, wherein a rigid plate (5B) for reinforcing the second pressing member (5A) is laminated on the second pressing member (5A). ). 上記流体流路（７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃ）は、上記第１電極板（３Ａ）と上記第１押圧部材（４）との間、上記第１電極板（３Ａ）と上記第２電極板（３Ｂ）との間、及び上記第２電極板（３Ｂ）と上記第２押圧部材（５Ａ）との間の順に流体（Ｒ）を通過させる構造に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の流体加熱ヒータ（１）。   The fluid flow paths (7A, 7B, 7C) are provided between the first electrode plate (3A) and the first pressing member (4), between the first electrode plate (3A) and the second electrode plate (3B). ), And the second electrode plate (3B) and the second pressing member (5A) in order in order to pass the fluid (R). The fluid heater (1) according to 2. 複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）と、
該複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）を両側から挟み込み、該複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）に通電するための一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）と、
該一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）の両側から該一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）を上記複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）に押圧する一対の押圧部材（４，５Ａ）と、
上記複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）、上記一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）及び上記一対の押圧部材（４，５Ａ）を収容するケース（６）と、を備え、
上記一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）同士の間、該一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）の一方である第１電極板（３Ａ）と上記一対の押圧部材（４，５Ａ）の一方である第１押圧部材（４）との間、及び上記一対の電極板（３Ａ，３Ｂ）の他方である第２電極板（３Ｂ）と上記一対の押圧部材（４，５Ａ）の他方である第２押圧部材（５Ａ）との間に、上記複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）によって加熱される流体（Ｒ）が通過する流体流路（７Ａ，７Ｂ，７Ｃ）が形成されており、
上記第１押圧部材（４）は、上記ＰＴＣ素子（２）に対面する、上記第１電極板（３Ａ）の部分に対向して突出する複数の対向突起（４１）が設けられた樹脂プレート（４）からなり、
上記第２押圧部材（５Ａ）は、上記ＰＴＣ素子（２）に対面する、上記第２電極板（３Ｂ）の部分に弾性力を付与する複数の弾性変形爪（５１）が設けられた板バネ（５Ａ）からなることを特徴とする流体加熱ヒータ（１）。 A plurality of PTC elements (2);
A pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B) for sandwiching the plurality of PTC elements (2) from both sides and energizing the plurality of PTC elements (2);
A pair of pressing members (4, 5A) for pressing the pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B) against the plurality of PTC elements (2) from both sides of the pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B);
A plurality of PTC elements (2), a pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B) and a case (6) for accommodating the pair of pressing members (4, 5A),
Between the pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B), the first electrode plate (3A) which is one of the pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B) and one of the pair of pressing members (4, 5A). The second electrode plate (3B), which is the other of the pair of electrode plates (3A, 3B) and the other of the pair of pressing members (4, 5A), between the first pressing member (4) and the second. A fluid flow path (7A, 7B, 7C) through which the fluid (R) heated by the plurality of PTC elements (2) passes is formed between the pressing member (5A),
The first pressing member (4) is a resin plate provided with a plurality of opposing protrusions (41) facing the PTC element (2) and projecting facing the first electrode plate (3A). 4)
The second pressing member (5A) is a leaf spring provided with a plurality of elastically deforming claws (51) that impart elastic force to the portion of the second electrode plate (3B) that faces the PTC element (2). flow you characterized in that it consists of (5A) thereof heater (1). 上記樹脂プレート（４）には、上記複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）のそれぞれの側面の複数個所をガイドするための複数のガイド突起（４２）が、上記複数のＰＴＣ素子（２）の配置位置に合わせて設けられており、
該複数のガイド突起（４２）は、上記第１電極板（３Ａ）及び上記第２電極板（３Ｂ）に形成された複数のガイド穴（３１）に挿通されていることを特徴とする請求項４に記載の流体加熱ヒータ（１）。 The resin plate (4) has a plurality of guide protrusions (42) for guiding a plurality of positions on the side surfaces of the plurality of PTC elements (2) at the positions where the plurality of PTC elements (2) are arranged. It is provided together,
The plurality of guide protrusions (42) are inserted into a plurality of guide holes (31) formed in the first electrode plate (3A) and the second electrode plate (3B), respectively. 5. The fluid heater (1) according to 4.
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