JP6450757B2 - 埋め込み型完全集積化電気化学センサの設計及び作製 - Google Patents
埋め込み型完全集積化電気化学センサの設計及び作製 Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1486—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using enzyme electrodes, e.g. with immobilised oxidase
- A61B5/14865—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using enzyme electrodes, e.g. with immobilised oxidase invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors
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- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
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- A61B2562/125—Manufacturing methods specially adapted for producing sensors for in-vivo measurements characterised by the manufacture of electrodes
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Description
センサの設計:
センサの作製
官能化
官能化の多様性
一例: 全無線埋め込み型検知デバイス
外部送信機/読み取り機
埋め込み方法及び除去方法
駆動
[1] : G. Freckmann, S. Pleus, M. Link, E. Zschornack, H. Klotzer, C. Haug, "Performance Evaluation of Three Continuous Clucose Monitoring Systems: Comparison of Six sensors Per Subject in Parallel," Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 842-853, July 2013.
[2] : M. M. Ahmadi, G. A. Julien, "A Wireless-Implantable Microsystem for Continuous Blood Glucose Monitoring," Transaction on Biomedical Circuits and Systems, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 169-180, June 2009.
[3] : Y. T. Liao, H. Yao, A. Lingley, B. Parviz,B. Otis, "A 3um CMOS Glucose Sensor for Wireless Contact-Lens Tear Glucose Monitoring," Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 47, no. 1 , pp. 335-344, Jan. 2012.
[4] : S. O'Driscoll, A. Poon, T. Meng, "A mm-sized implantable power receiver with adaptive link compensation," International Solid-State Circuits Conference, pp. 294-295, Feb. 2009.
[5] : Seese, "Characterization of tissue morphology, angiogenesis, and temperature in the adaptive response of muscle tissue in chronic heating, Lab. Invest. 1998; 78 (12): 1553-62.
[6] : Ward, "A Review of the Foreign-body Response to Subcutaneously-implanted Devices: The Role of Macrophages and Cytokines in Biofouling and Fibrosis", Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, Vol. 2, Is. 5, September 2008
Claims (38)
- 小型の埋め込み型デバイスを作製する方法であって、
電子システムを作製するステップであって、該電子システムを基板の第1面にモノリシックに集積し、前記電子システムが、前記埋め込み型デバイスの動作中、無線通信リンクによって外部デバイスと通信し、前記無線通信リンクから前記埋め込み型デバイスの電力を抽出するように構成されるステップと、
コイルを作製するステップであって、該コイルを前記基板の前記第1面にモノリシックに集積させ、前記コイルが、前記無線通信リンクを提供するように構成されるステップと、
電気化学センサの複数の電極を、該複数の電極を前記基板の前記第1面にモノリシックに集積することによって作製するステップであって、前記複数の電極が、前記埋め込み型デバイスの前記電気化学センサと前記電子システムとの間に電気インターフェースを提供するように構成されるステップとを含み、
前記複数の電極の各電極は、パターン化された表面を有し、
前記複数の電極は、作用電極、参照電極及び対電極を含み、
前記パターン化された表面は、柱のアレイを有し、該柱のアレイの各柱は、第2の側面寸法より大きい第1の側面寸法を有する方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記複数の電極を作製するステップが、前記複数の電極を、前記電子システムを作製するために使用する金属層から離れた第1金属層上に作製するステップを更に含む方法。
- 請求項2に記載の方法において、前記複数の電極の内の1つ又は複数が分散電極である方法。
- 請求項2に記載の方法において、前記複数の電極を作製するステップが、該複数の電極に応じて複数のウェルを作製するステップを更に含む方法。
- 請求項4に記載の方法において、前記第1金属層が前記基板の最上金属層であり、前記複数のウェルを生成するステップが、前記複数のウェルに応じて前記最上金属層の全て又は一部をエッチングするステップを含む方法。
- 請求項4に記載の方法において、前記第1金属層が前記基板の下部の金属層であり、前記複数のウェルを生成するステップが最上絶縁層をエッチングするステップと、前記複数のウェルに応じて、前記下部の金属層の全て又は一部をエッチングするステップとを含む方法。
- 請求項2〜6の何れか一項に記載の方法において、前記複数の電極を作製するステップが、前記複数の電極の内の1つの電極に応じて、前記第1金属層の金属とは異なる金属を蒸着させるステップを更に含む方法。
- 請求項7に記載の方法において、前記蒸着された金属が、貴金属及び/又は貴金属酸化物をベースとする金属である方法。
- 請求項7に記載の方法において、前記蒸着された金属が、a)白金及びb)白金酸化物の内の1つである方法。
- 請求項8に記載の方法において、前記金属を蒸着するステップが、酸素プラズマ下での蒸着を含むクリーンルーム手順を使用するステップを含む方法。
- 請求項8に記載の方法において、前記金属を蒸着するステップが、強酸化剤の混合物内における電気化学酸化を含むクリーンルーム手順を使用するステップを含む方法。
- 請求項11に記載の方法において、前記強酸化剤の混合物が、a)硫酸及びb)過酸化水素の内の1つ又は複数を含み、前記電気化学酸化が、前記複数の電極の内の第1電極を、前記複数の電極の内の第2電極の電位の高酸化電位、次に低還元電位に反復してさらすステップを含む方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記複数の電極の内の前記対電極に対応して蒸着された金属が、前記作用電極及び前記参照電極に応じて蒸着された金属と異なる方法。
- 請求項7〜13の何れか一項に記載の方法において、a)液体分注ロボット、b)スピンコーティング、c)噴霧コーティング、d)ステンシルコーティング、e)全基板コーティングとそれに続くステンシル保護膜(stencil protected)の除去の内の1つ又はこれらの組み合わせを用いて前記基板をダイシングする前に、官能化学物質(functionalization chemistry)を含む官能層を蒸着するステップを更に含み、
前記官能層を蒸着するステップは、前記官能層に平坦な上面を形成するステップを含む方法。 - 請求項14に記載の方法において、前記官能化学物質(functionalization chemistry)が酸化還元酵素を含む方法。
- 請求項15に記載の方法において、前記酸化還元酵素がa)乳酸オキシダーゼ、b)ブドウ糖酸化酵素、c)グルコースデヒドロゲナーゼ、d)a)〜c)の内の何れかと西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼとを含む混合物、e)ウリカーゼ、f)ウレアーゼ、g)アスコルビン酸オキシダーゼ、h)サルコシンオキシダーゼ、i)アルコールオキシダーゼ、j) リンゴ酸デヒドロゲナーゼ、k)グルコアミラーゼ、l)グルタミン酸オキシダーゼ及びm)コレステロールデヒドロゲナーゼの内の1つを含む方法。
- 請求項2〜16の何れか一項に記載の方法において、前記電子システムを作製するステップが、前記電子システムを前記複数の電極に接続するビアを生成するステップを含み、前記ビアが、前記電子システムの作製に使用する金属材料とは異なる金属材料を使って生成される方法。
- 請求項2〜17の何れか一項に記載の方法において、前記コイルを作製するステップが、複数の同心円状のパターンを前記第1金属層に作製するステップを含む方法。
- 請求項1〜18の何れか一項に記載の方法において、前記作製するステップがCMOS作製技術を含む方法。
- 請求項1〜19の何れか一項に記載の方法において、前記小型の埋め込み型デバイスの長い方の辺が1.4mm以下であり、前記電気化学センサの長い方の辺が500μm以下であり、前記小型の埋め込み型デバイスの厚さが250μm以下である方法。
- 請求項20に記載の方法において、動作中、前記小型の埋め込み型デバイスが6μW以下の電力を消費するように構成される方法。
- 請求項21に記載の方法において、前記無線通信リンクが誘導結合リンクである方法。
- 請求項22に記載の方法において、前記無線通信リンクで使用されるデータ変調法が負荷シフトキーイング(LSK)法である方法。
- 請求項22に記載の方法において、前記無線通信リンクが工業、科学、医療(ISM)の無線帯域の周波数帯域で動作する方法。
- 請求項21に記載の方法において、前記電子システムが、
前記小型の埋め込み型デバイスの動作中、前記複数の電極とインターフェースするように構成されたポテンショスタットと、
前記複数の電極の内の前記作用電極(WE)に接続された、双方向の電流測定を可能にするトランスインピーダンス増幅器(TIA)と、
プログラマブル積分時間を含み、前記トランスインピーダンス増幅器に動作可能に連結され、80dBの範囲を超える、前記作用電極からの電流を測定するように構成されたデュアルスロープアナログデジタル変換器(ADC)とを含む方法。 - モノリシックに集積された小型の埋め込み型デバイスであって、
複数の絶縁層を介して分離された複数の金属層を含む、前記小型の埋め込み型デバイスをモノリシックに集積するための基板と、
複数の電極を含む、モノリシックに集積された電気化学センサと、
モノリシックに集積された電子システムと、
モノリシックに集積されたコイルとを備え、
前記埋め込み型デバイスの動作中、前記電子システムが、前記電気化学センサとインターフェースし、反応に応じて電流を検知し、前記コイルによって提供された無線通信リンクによって外部デバイスと通信し、前記無線通信リンクから前記小型の埋め込み型デバイスに電力を抽出するように構成され、
前記複数の電極の各電極は、パターン化された表面を有し、
前記複数の電極は、作用電極、参照電極及び対電極を含み、
前記パターン化された表面は、柱のアレイを有し、該柱のアレイの各柱は、第2の側面寸法より大きい第1の側面寸法を有するデバイス。 - 請求項26に記載の小型の埋め込み型デバイスにおいて、前記複数の電極に対応する複数のウェルを更に備え、前記複数のウェルの内の1つのウェルの深さは、前記複数の金属層の内の1つ又は複数の層及び/又は前記複数の絶縁層の内の1つ又は複数の絶縁層に亘って延在するデバイス。
- 請求項27に記載の小型の埋め込み型デバイスにおいて、前記深さが4μm〜6μmの範囲であるデバイス。
- 請求項27に記載の小型の埋め込み型デバイスにおいて、前記ウェルが、前記1つ又は複数の金属層の金属とは異なる電極金属を含むデバイス。
- 請求項29に記載の小型の埋め込み型デバイスにおいて、前記電極金属が貴金属であり、該貴金属の最上酸化層を含むデバイス。
- 請求項27〜30の何れか一項に記載の小型の埋め込み型デバイスにおいて、前記ウェルが前記電気化学センサの官能化学物質(functionalizationchemistry)を含む官能層(functionalization layer)を更に含み、該官能層は平坦な上面を有する、デバイス。
- 請求項26に記載の小型の埋め込み型デバイスにおいて、該小型の埋め込み型デバイスの大きい方の辺が1.4mm以下であり、該小型の埋め込み型デバイスの厚さが250μm以下であるデバイス。
- 請求項26〜32の何れか一項に記載の小型の埋め込み型デバイスにおいて、前記コイル及び前記複数の電極が前記複数の金属層の最上金属層上にあるデバイス。
- 請求項33に記載の小型の埋め込み型デバイスにおいて、前記コイルが複数の同心金属パターンを含み、前記コイルが前記電気化学センサを包囲するデバイス。
- 請求項26〜34の何れか一項に記載の小型の埋め込み型デバイスにおいて、前記電子システムが該電気化学センサに動作可能に連結され、80dBの範囲を超える前記電気化学センサからの電力を測定するように構成されたデュアルスロープアナログデジタル変換器(ADC)を備えるデバイス。
- 請求項35に記載の小型の埋め込み型デバイスにおいて、前記デュアルスロープADCがプログラマブル積分時間を含むデバイス。
- 請求項26〜34の何れか一項に記載の小型の埋め込み型デバイスにおいて、前記電子システムが、コンデンサバンクを含み、前記小型の埋め込み型デバイスの動作中、前記コンデンサバンクに貯蔵されたエネルギーに基づき、前記複数の電極の内の1つ又は複数の電極に電流を提供するように構成されたアクチュエータ回路を備えるデバイス。
- 請求項37に記載の小型の埋め込み型デバイスにおいて、前記アクチュエータ回路が、前記小型の埋め込み型デバイスの動作中、前記電流に応じて波形信号を制御するように構成された波形整形回路を更に備えるデバイス。
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2014
- 2014-07-24 EP EP14829775.7A patent/EP3024391B1/en active Active
- 2014-07-24 KR KR1020157033922A patent/KR20160034246A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2014-07-24 AU AU2014292984A patent/AU2014292984A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-07-24 MX MX2015015288A patent/MX2015015288A/es unknown
- 2014-07-24 CN CN201480038976.6A patent/CN105358059A/zh active Pending
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KR20160034246A (ko) | 2016-03-29 |
AU2014292984A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
JP2016527960A (ja) | 2016-09-15 |
EP3024391A1 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
MX2015015288A (es) | 2016-03-11 |
WO2015013552A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
EP3024391A4 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
EP3024391B1 (en) | 2020-07-08 |
CN105358059A (zh) | 2016-02-24 |
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