JP6440372B2 - Production method of food processed with enzyme and lactic acid fermentation - Google Patents
Production method of food processed with enzyme and lactic acid fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
Description
本発明は、酸味の少ない野菜類、豆類、果実類などの食品に、素材にあう好ましい酸味を付与し素材の特徴を生かすことが可能な酵素処理乳酸発酵食品の製造方法及び酵素処理乳酸発酵食品に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for producing an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented food and a method for producing an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented food capable of imparting a preferable acidity to the raw material to foods such as vegetables, beans and fruits with low acidity and making use of the characteristics of the material. It is about.
従来より健康増進目的での野菜類、豆類、果実類摂取の欲求は日々高まっているが、野菜類、豆類、果実類を実際に必要量摂取することは容易ではない。また、野菜類、豆類、果実類には特有の青臭味、苦味を有するものもありこれらも必要量の摂取を妨げる原因となっている。これらの状況を覆すために食品を食べやすくするための、酵素処理、乳酸発酵に関する技術検討は種々行われてきたが酵素反応と乳酸発酵は個別に行われている状況である。 The desire for ingesting vegetables, beans and fruits for health promotion has been increasing daily, but it is not easy to actually ingest the necessary amounts of vegetables, beans and fruits. In addition, some vegetables, beans, and fruits have a peculiar blue odor and bitterness, and these also prevent the intake of necessary amounts. In order to overturn these situations, various technical studies on enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation have been carried out to make it easier to eat food, but the enzyme reaction and lactic acid fermentation are carried out separately.
酵素処理した青果物に乳酸菌を加えて乳酸発酵せしめた乳酸発酵食品が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。しかし、これらの乳酸発酵食品は酵素処理の後加熱処理による酵素失括を行い、さらに乳酸発酵処理を行う必要があるため、野菜や果実を酵素処理、乳酸発酵処理にかかる時間が長くなり、また酵素処理後の加熱による酵素失括工程が必須となり、酵素処理による澱粉の分解による糖化が進んだ状態で加熱処理を行う必要があるため、野菜や果実の風味や色調を損ねる結果となっていた。また、酵素処理・乳酸発酵を個別に行う為、酵素の作用が強く苦味を呈するとともに、粘度が低くなりすぎることから苦味をさらに感じやすくなる結果となった。 There has been proposed a lactic acid fermented food obtained by adding lactic acid bacteria to enzyme-treated fruits and vegetables to cause lactic acid fermentation (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, these lactic acid fermented foods require enzyme digestion by heat treatment after enzyme treatment, and further lactic acid fermentation treatment, so that the time required for enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation treatment of vegetables and fruits becomes longer. Enzyme decontamination process by heating after enzyme treatment becomes essential, and it is necessary to perform heat treatment in a state where saccharification due to starch decomposition by enzyme treatment has progressed, resulting in impaired flavor and color of vegetables and fruits . In addition, since the enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed separately, the enzyme action was strongly bitter and the viscosity was too low, making it easier to feel the bitterness.
また、野菜を原料として、乳酸菌と酵母を利用する２段階発酵法による１００％野菜発酵飲料が提案されている（例えば、特許文献２参照。）。乳酸菌を先に添加し、その後酵母を添加する方法がとられている。乳酸菌を添加した段階では、乳酸発酵に必要となる低分子の糖類が不足しており、充分に乳酸発酵されない状態となり、乳酸発酵後の酵母処理の段階では酵母の作用が強く苦味を呈するとともに、粘度が低くなりすぎることから苦味をさらに感じやすくなる結果となった。 In addition, a 100% vegetable fermented beverage by a two-stage fermentation method using lactic acid bacteria and yeast as a raw material has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2). A method has been adopted in which lactic acid bacteria are added first, followed by yeast. At the stage of adding lactic acid bacteria, there is a shortage of low-molecular sugars necessary for lactic acid fermentation, and it is not fully lactic acid fermented, and the yeast action has a strong bitter taste at the stage of yeast treatment after lactic acid fermentation, As a result of the viscosity becoming too low, bitterness was more easily felt.
本発明は、従来の欠点を解消し、青果物本来の色や風味などを損なうことなく、充分に乳酸発酵を可能とし素材にあう好ましい酸味を付与することができる酵素処理乳酸発酵食品の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention provides a method for producing an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented food that eliminates the conventional drawbacks and can sufficiently impart lactic acid fermentation and impart a preferable acidity to the material without impairing the original color or flavor of fruits and vegetables. The purpose is to provide.
本発明者らは、従来の欠点を解消し、青果物本来の色や風味などを損なうことなく、充分に乳酸発酵を可能とし素材にあう好ましい酸味を付与することができる酵素処理乳酸発酵食品の製造方法について鋭意研究した結果、酵素処理と乳酸発酵を同時に行うことが極めて効果的であることを発見した。 The inventors of the present invention produce enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented foods that can solve the conventional drawbacks and can sufficiently ferment lactic acid without giving up the original color and flavor of fruits and vegetables and can impart a preferable sour taste to the material. As a result of earnest research on the method, it was found that simultaneous enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation are extremely effective.
本発明の酵素処理乳酸発酵食品は、青果物本来の色や風味などを保持しており、青臭み無く、爽やかな酸味を有することを特徴とする。本発明では酵素処理、乳酸発酵は同時に行うことを特徴とし、酵素処理により乳酸発酵に必要となる糖質が供給されることにより、工程が進行する。 The enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented food of the present invention is characterized in that it retains the original color and flavor of fruits and vegetables and has a refreshing acidity without a green odor. The present invention is characterized in that the enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation are simultaneously performed, and the process proceeds by supplying a saccharide necessary for the lactic acid fermentation by the enzyme treatment.
次に、本発明の実施形態について、詳細に説明する。本発明の技術的範囲は、下記の実施形態によって限定されるものではなく、発明の要旨を変更することなく、様々に改変して実施することができる。また、本発明の技術的範囲は、均等の範囲にまで及ぶものである。 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and various modifications can be made without changing the gist of the invention. Further, the technical scope of the present invention extends to an equivalent range.
本発明に関わる野菜類には、例えば一般に根を食用部位とする根菜類、地下あるいは地上の茎を食用部位とする茎菜類、葉や葉柄を食用部位とする葉菜類があげられ、特に限定するものではないが、かぼちゃ、さつまいも、にんじん、紫芋、ほうれん草、トマト、たまねぎ、かぶ、ピーマン、たまねぎ、こまつな、セロリ、キャベツ、レタス、きゅうり、なす、ねぎ、とうもろこし、しょうが、ブロッコリー、ゴーヤ等が挙げられる。
本発明に関わる豆類には、例えば一般に植物分類学上、マメ科に属する穀物の種子及び果実があげられ、特に限定するものではないが、そら豆、小豆、大豆、えんどう豆等があげられる。
Examples of the vegetables related to the present invention include root vegetables having roots as edible parts, stem vegetables having roots or ground stems as edible parts, and leaf vegetables having leaves and petioles as edible parts. Pumpkin, sweet potato, carrot, purple potato, spinach, tomato, onion, turnip, pepper, onion, pineapple, celery, cabbage, lettuce, cucumber, eggplant, green onion, corn, ginger, broccoli, bitter gourd Can be mentioned.
The beans related to the present invention generally include, for example, seeds and fruits of cereals belonging to legumes in terms of plant taxonomy, and are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include broad beans, red beans, soybeans, and peas.
本発明に関わる果物類には、例えば食用になる果実や、果物のように食べられる果実的野菜があげられる。特に限定するものではないが、バナナ、オレンジ、グレープフルーツ、パイナップル、白桃、黄桃、マンゴー、ラズベリー、イチゴ、レモン、キウイ、杏、アセロラ、梅、柿、栗、スイカ、梨、洋梨、ブドウ等が挙げられ、乳酸発酵により良好な酸味を付与できる点から、酸味の少ないバナナ、マンゴー、柿、栗等ｐＨ５以上の果物が好ましい。 Examples of the fruits according to the present invention include edible fruits and fruity vegetables that can be eaten like fruits. Although not particularly limited, banana, orange, grapefruit, pineapple, white peach, yellow peach, mango, raspberry, strawberry, lemon, kiwi, apricot, acerola, plum, persimmon, chestnut, watermelon, pear, pear, grape, etc. From the point that a good sourness can be imparted by lactic acid fermentation, fruits having a pH of 5 or more such as banana, mango, strawberries and chestnuts with less sourness are preferred.
本発明に用いられる酵素は特に限定するものではないがアミラーゼ、ヘミセルラーゼ、セルラーゼ、ペクチナーゼ、プロテアーゼ、マンナナーゼ、キシラナーゼの群から選ばれる１種以上、また乳酸菌はＬａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属、Ｌａｃｔｏｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ属、Ｓｔｒｅｐｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属、Ｐｅｄｉｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属から選ばれる１種以上であり、使用される酵素及び乳酸菌は、酵素及び乳酸菌各１種類以上を含む。また好ましくは、酵素及び乳酸菌の中から選ばれる少なくとも３種以上であり、さらには３種類以上１０種以下であることがより好ましい。特に限定するものではないが、使用される酵素の組み合わせは、アミラーゼ、セルラーゼ、ヘミセルラーゼ、乳酸菌としては、Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属が好ましい。より好ましくは使用される酵素の組み合わせが、アミラーゼ、セルラーゼ、乳酸菌としてはＬａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属が、酵素処理・乳酸発酵食品の粘度、酸度を適正に調整できる点で好ましく、アミラーゼ、セルラーゼは１対１の酵素活性で使用することが好ましい。 The enzyme used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but one or more members selected from the group consisting of amylase, hemicellulase, cellulase, pectinase, protease, mannanase, and xylanase. It is 1 or more types chosen from the genus, and the enzyme and lactic acid bacteria which are used contain 1 or more types of each of an enzyme and lactic acid bacteria. Preferably, there are at least three or more selected from enzymes and lactic acid bacteria, and more preferably 3 or more and 10 or less. Although it does not specifically limit, the combination of the enzymes used is preferably the genus Lactococcus as amylase, cellulase, hemicellulase, and lactic acid bacteria. More preferably, the combination of enzymes used is preferably amylase, cellulase, and Lactococcus genus as lactic acid bacteria in that the viscosity and acidity of the enzyme-treated and lactic acid fermented food can be adjusted appropriately, and amylase and cellulase are one-to-one enzymes. It is preferable to use it in an active state.
本発明における酵素活性とは、ｕ（ユニット）で表わされ、毎分１マイクロモル（μｍｏｌ）の基質を変化させることができる酵素量と定められている。そのユニット数は、アミラーゼで０．５ｕ／ｇ以上あることが好ましく、ヘミセルラーゼ、セルラーゼは、その合計として０．５ｕ／ｇ以上あることが好ましく、ペクチナーゼ、プロテアーゼ、マンナナーゼ、キシラナーゼは、各０．１ｕ／ｇ以上あることが好ましい。全ての酵素活性のユニットの合計については、特に限定されるものではないが、１ｕ／ｇであることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは０．５ｕ／ｇ以上であることが好ましい。 The enzyme activity in the present invention is represented by u (unit) and is defined as the amount of enzyme that can change 1 micromole (μmol) of substrate per minute. The number of units is preferably 0.5 u / g or more in terms of amylase, hemicellulase and cellulase are preferably 0.5 u / g or more in total, and pectinase, protease, mannanase and xylanase each have a. It is preferably 1 u / g or more. The total of all enzyme activity units is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 u / g, more preferably 0.5 u / g or more.
本発明に用いる、野菜類、豆類、果物類の原料処理方法については、一般的に皮を剥離して食する素材については、皮の有無に拘るものではなく、皮ごとそのままペースト化処理することも可能であり、搾汁するものに関しては、搾汁する際の絞りかすを使用することも可能である。また、野菜類、豆類、果物類素材の１次処理で、ブランチング処理による表面の殺菌、酵素の失括を行い、加工や保存中の変質を防ぐ工程をいれる場合があるが、本発明では必須ではなく、適宜素材の必要性により判断することが可能である。 As for the raw material processing method for vegetables, beans, and fruits used in the present invention, the material that is generally peeled off and eaten is not related to the presence or absence of the skin, but the whole skin is processed as a paste. It is also possible to use a pomace for squeezing. In addition, the primary treatment of vegetables, beans, and fruit materials may include a step of sterilizing the surface by blanching treatment and defragmenting the enzyme to prevent alteration during processing and storage. It is not essential and can be determined based on the necessity of the material as appropriate.
本発明における、野菜類、豆類、果物類の原料のペースト化方法については、物理的にミキサー等で破壊した後パルパー処理やすりおろし器によりペースト状に加工する場合や、さつまいもやかぼちゃのように蒸したり、焼いたりすることで味や硬さが変化する素材については、特に限定するものではないが、スチームオーブンによる蒸し工程やオーブンによる焼成工程を入れることで風味を調整し素材自体の硬さを柔らかく加工した後に、裏ごし機等によりペースト化することも可能である。 In the present invention, the method of pasting raw materials for vegetables, beans, and fruits is physically broken by a mixer or the like and then processed into a paste using a pulper processing grinder, or steamed like sweet potato or pumpkin. The material whose taste and hardness change by baking or baking is not particularly limited, but the flavor is adjusted by adding a steaming process with a steam oven or a baking process with an oven to adjust the hardness of the material itself. It can be made into a paste by a back-striking machine or the like after being softly processed.
酵素処理・乳酸発酵処理を同時に行う際の素材については、野菜類、豆類、果物類を各々単独で使用しても問題ないが各々を混ぜあわせる方法や、野菜類、豆類、果物類素材に対して、特に限定するものではないが、糖類、水を加えることも可能である。その添加量は、特に限定するものではないが、素材自体の風味を変えない点から、２０％以下であることが好ましく、素材の風味を変えない点から１０％以下であることが好ましい。また、酵素の至適ｐＨに調整する目的で酸味料を使用することもできるが、素材の風味を変えない点から１％以下の範囲で添加することが好ましい。 There are no problems with using ingredients such as vegetables, beans, and fruits separately for the enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation treatment. Although not particularly limited, saccharides and water can be added. The amount of addition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20% or less from the viewpoint of not changing the flavor of the material itself, and preferably 10% or less from the point of not changing the flavor of the material. An acidulant can also be used for the purpose of adjusting the optimum pH of the enzyme, but it is preferably added in a range of 1% or less from the viewpoint of not changing the flavor of the material.
酵素処理と乳酸発酵処理の同時処理とは、対象物である野菜類、豆類、果物類をペースト化したものに対し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵が同時に進行する状態をいい、処理時間を３〜４８時間とした際の処理温度については、１０℃〜６０℃で処理する方法が好ましく、さらに好ましくは２０〜５０℃で処理する方法が好ましく、さらに好ましくは３０〜４０℃で処理する方法が酵素及び乳酸菌の作用温度が適した状態であり、効率よく処理できる点で好ましい。また、処理温度を３０〜４０℃とした際の処理時間については６〜４８時間で処理することが好ましく、さらに好ましくは、６〜２４時間で処理することが好ましく、さらに好ましくは６〜１２時間で処理することが風味・色調・粘度の点で優れている点から好ましい。 The simultaneous treatment of enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation treatment refers to a state in which enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation proceed simultaneously for a paste of the target vegetables, beans, and fruits, and the treatment time is 3 to 48. About the processing temperature when it is set as time, the method of processing at 10-60 degreeC is preferable, More preferably, the method of processing at 20-50 degreeC is preferable, More preferably, the method of processing at 30-40 degreeC is an enzyme and The working temperature of lactic acid bacteria is in a suitable state, which is preferable in terms of efficient treatment. The treatment time when the treatment temperature is 30 to 40 ° C. is preferably 6 to 48 hours, more preferably 6 to 24 hours, and still more preferably 6 to 12 hours. Is preferable from the viewpoint of flavor, color tone, and viscosity.
本発明における乳酸酸度とは、原材料のもつ有機酸の酸度に加え、乳酸発酵により生成された乳酸の酸度をあわせたものを乳酸酸度とし、測定方法は酵素処理乳酸発酵サンプル１ｇをイオン交換水で１００ｇに希釈し、ＮａＯＨを徐々に加えｐＨ８．０になるまでに必要としたＮａＯＨ量を計量。その後以下の数式にて乳酸酸度（ｗ／ｖ％）を算出した。 In the present invention, the lactic acid acidity refers to the acidity of the organic acid contained in the raw material and the acidity of lactic acid produced by lactic acid fermentation as lactic acid acidity. The measuring method is 1 g of enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation sample with ion-exchanged water. Dilute to 100 g and gradually add NaOH and weigh the amount of NaOH needed to reach pH 8.0. Thereafter, the lactic acid acidity (w / v%) was calculated by the following formula.
乳酸酸度（ｗ／ｖ％）＝０．１Ｎ ＮａＯＨ添加量（ｍｌ）×０．００９（乳酸係数）×Ｆ＊×１００（希釈倍率）
Ｆ＊：０．１Ｎ ＮａＯＨのファクター
Lactic acid degree (w / v%) = 0.1N NaOH addition amount (ml) × 0.009 (lactic acid coefficient) × F * × 100 (dilution ratio)
F *: 0.1N NaOH factor
同時酵素処理・乳酸発酵処理により得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵食品の酸度は、素材に適当な酸味を付与する点から乳酸酸度で０．２〜０．８％の範囲が好ましく、さらに好ましくは０．３〜０．６％の範囲が好ましい。 The acidity of the enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented food obtained by the simultaneous enzyme treatment / lactic acid fermentation treatment is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 0.8%, more preferably 0, in terms of lactic acidity from the viewpoint of imparting an appropriate acidity to the material. The range of 3 to 0.6% is preferable.
同時酵素処理・乳酸発酵により得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵青果物の粘度は、苦味がでず適正な酵素処理ができている際の指標となることから、粘度測定結果は、Ｂ型粘度計（東機産業社製）６０ｒｐｍ、１０℃、６０秒後に測定した結果が１００〜１，０００ｍＰａ・ｓの範囲であり、さらに好ましくは、２００〜１，０００ｍＰａ・ｓの範囲にあることが滑らかな食感と風味の点で苦味がでない点から好ましい。 Viscosity of enzyme-treated lactic acid-fermented fruits and vegetables obtained by simultaneous enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation is an index when bitterness does not occur and proper enzyme treatment is performed. (Shinki Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 60 rpm, 10 ° C., 60 seconds later, the measurement result is in the range of 100 to 1,000 mPa · s, more preferably in the range of 200 to 1,000 mPa · s. It is preferable from the point of not having a bitter taste in terms of flavor.
本発明における、酵素処理乳酸発酵食品の殺菌方法は、特に限定するものではないが蒸気を熱媒とするジャケット付タンクでバッチ毎に昇温、殺菌する方法や、熱水を媒体とし連続的に高温短時間で昇温、殺菌し冷水を媒体として瞬時に冷却する工程が考えられるが、酵素処理乳酸発酵食品の風味及び色調を損なわない点から連続的に高温短時間で昇温、殺菌、冷却する方法が好ましい。 The sterilization method of the enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented food in the present invention is not particularly limited, but a method of heating and sterilizing each batch in a jacketed tank using steam as a heat medium, or continuously using hot water as a medium. A process where the temperature is raised and sterilized in a short time at high temperature and cooled instantly using cold water as a medium is conceivable, but the temperature and sterilization and cooling are continuously performed in a short time at a high temperature from the point of not impairing the flavor and color of the enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented food. Is preferred.
本発明における、酵素処理乳酸発酵食品は特に限定するものではないが、水分を含有したペースト状態でもかまわないが、乾燥により水分を１０％以下に調整した粉末状でもかまわない。
以下、実施例及び試験例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
The enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented food in the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be in a paste state containing moisture, but may be in the form of a powder whose moisture is adjusted to 10% or less by drying.
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a test example are given and this invention is demonstrated concretely, this invention is not limited to these.
実施例１
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇを１０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を４８時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．２５％で風味良好な酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果９６０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 1
1 kg of pumpkin paste was adjusted to 10 ° C., α-amylase 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) Nine 1.0 × 10 9 were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 48 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin having a lactic acid acidity of 0.25% and a good flavor was obtained. It was 960 mPa * s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin (B type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds).
実施例２
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇを３０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．２４％で風味良好な酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果８９０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 2
1 kg of pumpkin paste was adjusted to 30 ° C., α-amylase 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 pieces were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin having a lactic acid acidity of 0.24% and a good flavor was obtained. It was 890 mPa * s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin (B type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds).
実施例３
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇを３０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を１２時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．３３％で風味良好な酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果２１０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 3
1 kg of pumpkin paste is adjusted to 30 ° C. and α-amylase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 12 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin having a lactic acid acidity of 0.33% and a good flavor was obtained. It was 210 mPa * s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin (B-type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds).
実施例４
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇを３０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を２４時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．６５％の酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果１４０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 4
1 kg of pumpkin paste is adjusted to 30 ° C. and α-amylase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 24 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin having a lactic acid acidity of 0.65% was obtained. As a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin (B-type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds), it was 140 mPa · s.
実施例５
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．３８％の酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果８６０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 5
1 kg of pumpkin paste is adjusted to 40 ° C. and α-amylase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin having a lactic acid acidity of 0.38% was obtained. It was 860 mPa * s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin (B type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds).
実施例６
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を１２時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．５３％の酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果１６０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 6
1 kg of pumpkin paste is adjusted to 40 ° C. and α-amylase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 12 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin having a lactic acid acidity of 0.53% was obtained. It was 160 mPa · s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin (B-type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds).
実施例７
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を２４時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．７５％の酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果１２０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 7
1 kg of pumpkin paste is adjusted to 40 ° C. and α-amylase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 24 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin having a lactic acid acidity of 0.75% was obtained. As a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin (B-type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds), it was 120 mPa · s.
実施例８
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇを６０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を３時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．２８％の酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果８９０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 8
1 kg of pumpkin paste was adjusted to 60 ° C. and 500 u of α-amylase was added (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase was added 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 3 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin having a lactic acid acidity of 0.28% was obtained. It was 890 mPa * s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin (B type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds).
実施例９
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、ヘミセルラーゼを１００ｕ（酵素活性として０．１ｕ／ｇ）、ペクチナーゼを１００ｕ（酵素活性として０．１ｕ／ｇ）、プロテアーゼを１００ｕ（酵素活性として０．１ｕ／ｇ相当量）、マンナナーゼを１００ｕ（酵素活性として０．１ｕ／ｇ相当量）、キシラナーゼを１００ｕ（酵素活性として０．１ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ属）、乳酸菌（Ｓｔｒｅｐｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を各々０．５×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．３９％の酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果６５０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 9
Adjust 1 kg of pumpkin paste to 40 ° C., add 500 u of α-amylase (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), hemicellulase 100 u ( Enzyme activity 0.1u / g), pectinase 100u (enzyme activity 0.1u / g), protease 100u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.1u / g), mannanase 100u (enzyme activity 0.1u / g) / X equivalent), 100 uyl of xylanase (corresponding to 0.1 u / g of enzyme activity), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus), lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus genus), and lactic acid bacteria (Streptococcus genus) 0.5 × 10 9 each. The enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin having a lactic acid acidity of 0.39% was obtained. The viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin was measured (B-type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds), and was 650 mPa · s.
実施例１０
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇに水１００ｇをよく混合した素材を４０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．３３％の酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果７９０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 10
A material in which 1 kg of pumpkin paste is mixed well with 100 g of water is adjusted to 40 ° C., α-amylase is added in 500 u (enzymatic activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), and cellulase is added in 500 u (enzymatic activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g) Amount), 1.0 × 10 9 lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin having a lactic acid acidity of 0.33% was obtained. It was 790 mPa * s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin (B type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds).
実施例１１
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇに水２００ｇをよく混合した素材を４０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．３０％の酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果６３０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 11
A material in which 200 g of water is mixed well with 1 kg of pumpkin paste is adjusted to 40 ° C., α-amylase is added in 500 u (enzymatic activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), and cellulase is added in 500 u (enzymatic activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g) Amount), 1.0 × 10 9 lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin having a lactic acid acidity of 0.30% was obtained. It was 630 mPa * s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin (B type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds).
実施例１２
にんじんのペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．３１％で風味良好な酵素処理乳酸発酵にんじんを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵にんじんの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果１９０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 12
1 kg of carrot paste was adjusted to 40 ° C. and 500 μl of α-amylase was added (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase was 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation carrot having a lactic acid acidity of 0.31% and a good taste was obtained. The viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation carrot was measured (B-type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds) and found to be 190 mPa · s.
実施例１３
さつまいものペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼ５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．３５％で風味良好な酵素処理乳酸発酵さつまいもを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵さつまいもの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果５５０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 13
1 kg of sweet potato paste was adjusted to 40 ° C. and α-amylase 500 u added (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 pieces were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented sweet potato having a lactic acid acidity of 0.35% and a good taste was obtained. It was 550 mPa * s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation sweet potato (B-type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds).
実施例１４
紫芋のペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．４０％で風味良好な酵素処理乳酸発酵紫芋を得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵紫芋の粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果６１０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 14
1 kg of purple koji paste is adjusted to 40 ° C. and α-amylase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 ) were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented purple koji with a lactate degree of 0.40% and a good taste was obtained. It was 610 mPa * s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented purple koji (B-type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds).
実施例１５
ほうれん草のペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．３２％で風味良好な酵素処理乳酸発酵ほうれん草を得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵ほうれん草の粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果２１０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 15
1 kg of spinach paste was adjusted to 40 ° C. and α-amylase was added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase was added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented spinach having a lactic acid acidity of 0.32% and a good taste was obtained. The viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation spinach was measured (B-type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds) and found to be 210 mPa · s.
実施例１６
そら豆のペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．４０％で風味良好な酵素処理乳酸発酵ほうれん草を得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵そら豆の粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果３４０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 16
1 kg of broad bean paste is adjusted to 40 ° C. and 500 u of α-amylase is added (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase is 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented spinach having a lactic acid acidity of 0.40% and a good taste was obtained. It was 340 mPa * s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation broad bean (B-type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds).
実施例１７
バナナのペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整しα−アミラーゼを５００ｕ添加（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素・乳酸菌の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その結果、乳酸酸度０．５１％で風味良好な酵素処理乳酸発酵ほうれん草を得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵バナナの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果６１０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Example 17
1 kg of banana paste is adjusted to 40 ° C. and α-amylase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase is added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) 1.0 × 10 9 were added, and enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation were performed for 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to inactivate enzymes and lactic acid bacteria and quickly cooled. As a result, an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented spinach having a lactic acid acidity of 0.51% and a good flavor was obtained. It was 610 mPa * s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation banana (B type viscometer, 10 degreeC, 60 rpm, 60 second later).
比較例１
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整し、α−アミラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、添加し、酵素処理を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。その後得られたかぼちゃペーストを４０℃に調整し、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し４０℃にて乳酸発酵を６時間行った結果乳酸酸度０．５２％の酵素処理かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果６０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Comparative Example 1
Adjust 1kg of pumpkin paste to 40 ° C, add 500u of α-amylase (equivalent amount of 0.5u / g as enzyme activity), 500u of cellulase (equivalent amount of 0.5u / g as enzyme activity), enzyme treatment For 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to deactivate the enzyme and quickly cooled. The pumpkin paste obtained was adjusted to 40 ° C., 1.0 × 10 9 lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) were added, and lactic acid fermentation was carried out at 40 ° C. for 6 hours. As a result, the enzyme-treated pumpkin with a lactic acid acidity of 0.52% was obtained. Got. It was 60 mPa * s as a result of measuring the viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin (B type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds).
比較例２
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整し、乳酸菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ属）を１．０×１０９個添加し４０℃にて乳酸発酵を６時間行った。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し乳酸菌の失活を行い４０℃に調整した。その後α−アミラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）添加し、酵素処理を６時間行った結果酸度０．２２％の酵素処理かぼちゃを得た。得られた酵素処理乳酸発酵かぼちゃの粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果８０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Comparative Example 2
1 kg of pumpkin paste was adjusted to 40 ° C., 1.0 × 10 9 lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus genus) were added, and lactic acid fermentation was performed at 40 ° C. for 6 hours. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to deactivate the lactic acid bacteria and adjusted to 40 ° C. Thereafter, α-amylase was added in an amount of 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), cellulase was added in 500 u (enzyme activity equivalent to 0.5 u / g), and the enzyme treatment was performed for 6 hours. As a result, the acidity was 0.22%. The enzyme-treated pumpkin was obtained. The viscosity of the obtained enzyme-treated lactic acid fermentation pumpkin was measured (B-type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds) and found to be 80 mPa · s.
比較例３
かぼちゃのペースト１ｋｇを４０℃に調整し、α−アミラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）、セルラーゼを５００ｕ（酵素活性として０．５ｕ／ｇ相当量）添加し酵素処理を１２時間行った結果乳酸酸度０．１２％の酵素処理かぼちゃを得た。得られたペーストを、湯煎にて９０℃、４０分間保持し酵素の失活を行い速やかに冷却した。得られた酵素処理かぼちゃに乳酸を０．４１％添加し実施例６と同等の酸度に調整した。その粘度を測定（Ｂ型粘度計、１０℃、６０ｒｐｍ、６０秒後）した結果９０ｍＰａ・ｓであった。
Comparative Example 3
Adjust 1 kg of pumpkin paste to 40 ° C., add 500 u of α-amylase (equivalent amount of 0.5 u / g as enzyme activity) and 500 u of cellulase (equivalent amount of 0.5 u / g as enzyme activity) to perform enzyme treatment. As a result of carrying out the time, an enzyme-treated pumpkin having a lactic acid acidity of 0.12% was obtained. The obtained paste was kept in a hot water bath at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes to deactivate the enzyme and quickly cooled. 0.41% of lactic acid was added to the obtained enzyme-treated pumpkin to adjust the acidity to the same level as in Example 6. As a result of measuring the viscosity (B-type viscometer, 10 ° C., 60 rpm, after 60 seconds), it was 90 mPa · s.
試験例１
酵素処理・乳酸発酵処理の処理方法による風味の違いについて、同時に酵素処理・乳酸発酵処理を行った、実施例１から１１と既存技術と同様の方法にて調整した比較例１及び２で得られたかぼちゃについて、１０人のパネラーにより５段階の官能評価を行った。官能評価は、かぼちゃの風味について、５点：かぼちゃの風味を強く感じる、４点：かぼちゃの風味をやや強く感じる、３点：かぼちゃの風味を感じる、２点：かぼちゃの風味が弱い、１点：かぼちゃの風味を感じないで評価し３点以上を合格とした。また、かぼちゃ特有の色調について、目視による色調の明るさの評価を行い、５点：とても鮮やかで明るい、４点：やや鮮やかで明るい、３点：明るい、２点：若干暗い色調、１点：くらい色調で評価を行い、３点以上を合格とした。全パネラーの平均点を表１に記載した。
Test example 1
About the difference in the flavor by the processing method of enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation treatment, it is obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 prepared by Examples 1 to 11 and the same method as the existing technology, in which enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation treatment were simultaneously performed. About pumpkin, sensory evaluation of 5 steps was performed by 10 panelists. Sensory evaluation is about pumpkin flavor, 5 points: feel pumpkin flavor strong, 4 points: feel pumpkin flavor slightly strong, 3 points: feel pumpkin flavor, 2 points: weak pumpkin flavor, 1 point : Evaluated without feeling the flavor of pumpkin, and passed 3 or more points. Also, for the color tone peculiar to pumpkin, the brightness of the color tone is visually evaluated, 5 points: very bright and bright, 4 points: slightly bright and bright, 3 points: bright, 2 points: slightly dark color tone, 1 point: The color tone was evaluated so that 3 or more points were accepted. The average score of all panelists is shown in Table 1.
実施例では、適正な酵素処理・乳酸発酵によりかぼちゃの風味を強く感じられる結果となった。実施例１０、１１はかぼちゃへの加水により若干風味を弱く感じる評価となったが、加水による、酵素処理及び乳酸発酵への影響は少なく、適正に進むことが確認された。 In the Example, it became a result that the flavor of pumpkin was strongly felt by appropriate enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation. In Examples 10 and 11, it was evaluated that the flavor was slightly weakened by the addition of water to the pumpkin, but it was confirmed that the addition of the water to the enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation had little effect.
また、色調についても同時に酵素処理・乳酸発酵を行うことで、個別に行う際に必須となる殺菌回数が減じることから、かぼちゃ特有の鮮やかなオレンジ色が維持され評価も３点以上となった。 In addition, since the enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation are simultaneously performed on the color tone, the number of sterilizations essential for the individual reduction is reduced, and the vivid orange color peculiar to pumpkins is maintained, and the evaluation is 3 points or more.
試験例２
本発明では、乳酸菌が発酵する際に生み出す乳酸が、素材にいやな酸味を与えずに、素材に適合したまろやかな酸味となる。酸味の感じ方について実施例６及び酵素処理を行ったかぼちゃに乳酸を同等の含量になるよう調整した比較例３と、１０人のパネラーにより５段階の官能評価を行った。
Test example 2
In the present invention, lactic acid produced when lactic acid bacteria are fermented has a mellow sourness suitable for the material without giving the material an unpleasant sourness. About how to feel sourness, sensory evaluation of 5 steps was performed by Example 6 and Comparative Example 3 in which pumpkin subjected to enzyme treatment was adjusted to have an equivalent content of lactic acid and 10 panelists.
官能評価は、５点：かぼちゃにあうまろやかな酸味を感じる、４点：適度な酸味を感じる、３点：酸味を感じる、２点：少し違和感を感じる、１点：ひどく違和感を感じるで評価し３点以上を合格とした。全パネラーの平均点を表２に記載した。 Sensory evaluation: 5 points: feels a mellow acidity to pumpkin, 4 points: feels a moderate acidity, 3 points: feels sour, 2 points: feels a little uncomfortable, 1 point: feels awfully uncomfortable Three or more points were accepted. Table 2 shows the average score of all panelists.
表２の結果から酵素処理・乳酸発酵を行うことにより、乳酸を別途添加した場合と明らかに酸味の感じ方がことなり、野菜素材にあうまろやかな酸味を付与できることが確認された。 From the results shown in Table 2, it was confirmed that by performing enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation, the acidity clearly differs from the case where lactic acid is added separately, and a mild acidity can be imparted to the vegetable material.
試験例３
実施例１２から１７で得られたにんじん、さつまいも、紫いも、ほうれん草、そら豆、バナナについて、酵素処理・乳酸発酵処理の処理方法による野菜類、豆類、果物類の風味の強さを試験例１と同様に１０人のパネラーにより５段階の官能評価を行った。官能評価は、各素材そのものの風味について、５点：素材の風味を強く感じる、４点：素材の風味をやや強く感じる、３点：素材の風味を感じる、２点：素材の風味が弱い、１点：素材の風味を感じないで評価し３点以上を合格とした。また、各素材特有の色調について、目視による色調の明るさの評価を行い、５点：とても鮮やかで明るい、４点：やや鮮やかで明るい、３点：明るい、２点：若干暗い色調、１点：暗い色調で評価を行い、３点以上を合格とした。全パネラーの平均点を表１に記載した。全パネラーの平均点を表３に記載した。
Test example 3
The strength of the flavor of vegetables, beans, and fruits according to the treatment method of enzyme treatment / lactic acid fermentation treatment for carrots, sweet potatoes, purple potatoes, spinach, broad beans, and bananas obtained in Examples 12 to 17 and Test Example 1 Similarly, sensory evaluation of 5 steps was performed by 10 panelists. Sensory evaluation is about the flavor of each material itself, 5 points: feel the flavor of the material strongly, 4 points: feel the flavor of the material slightly stronger, 3 points: feel the flavor of the material, 2 points: the flavor of the material is weak, 1 point: Evaluation was made without feeling the flavor of the material, and 3 or more points were accepted. In addition, for the color tone specific to each material, the brightness of the color tone is visually evaluated, 5 points: very bright and bright, 4 points: slightly bright and bright, 3 points: bright, 2 points: slightly dark color tone, 1 point : Evaluation was performed with a dark color tone, and 3 or more points were accepted. The average score of all panelists is shown in Table 1. The average score of all panelists is shown in Table 3.
また、酸味について、５点：原材料にあうまろやかな酸味を感じる、４点：適度な酸味を感じる、３点：酸味を感じる、２点：少し違和感を感じる、１点：ひどく違和感を感じるで評価し３点以上を合格とした。全パネラーの平均点を表３に記載した。 In addition, about sourness, 5 points: feel sour sourness to the raw materials, 4 points: feel moderate acidity, 3 points: feel sour, 2 points: feel a little uncomfortable, 1 point: feel very uncomfortable Three or more points were accepted. The average score of all panelists is shown in Table 3.
酵素処理、乳酸発酵を同時に行うことにより、風味、色調の鮮やかさ、自然な酸味の付与の全ての項目において、比較例１、２の評価を上回り、３点以上の合格評価となった。 By performing enzyme treatment and lactic acid fermentation at the same time, the evaluation of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 exceeded the evaluation in all items of flavor, vividness of color tone, and imparting a natural sour taste, and passed evaluation of 3 points or more.
本発明により、青果物本来の色や風味などを損なうことなく、充分に乳酸発酵を可能とし素材にあう好ましい酸味を付与することができる酵素処理乳酸発酵食品の製造方法を提供することができ、産業上貢献大である。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for producing an enzyme-treated lactic acid fermented food that can sufficiently perform lactic acid fermentation and impart a preferable acidity to the raw material without impairing the original color or flavor of fruits and vegetables. Great contribution.
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