JP6421264B1 - Loading fixing device and fixing method - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to improve the workability of a work for fixing a load to a container and to securely fix the load to a container. A container 10 includes a floor wall 11 and left and right side walls 13, 14. A load S is loaded on the container 10 and fixed thereto. The fixing device includes an inner spacer 30 that is abutted against the load S, and an outer spacer 40 that is provided with a meshing portion 41 that meshes with the concavo-convex portion 17 formed on the side walls 13 and 14. An airbag 50 is disposed between the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40, and the cargo S is inflated and fastened to fix the load S between the left and right side walls 13 and 14. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for fixing a cargo loaded in a container so as not to move in the container during transportation.

  When goods are loaded into a freight container and transported on land or by sea, the load is fixed to the container so that the goods loaded in the container, that is, the load, do not move within the container. Fixing a load to a container is referred to as choking, and a load fixing device is also referred to as a choking device.

  When transporting containers in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped or cubic container containing a large number of articles, it is possible to load multiple packing containers into a container without large gaps. Will not move in the container. However, when a container in a simple packaged state covered with a sheet material is transported in a container, the load is usually fixed to the container using a large number of woods. As described above, in the method of fixing the load to the container using a large number of woods, it takes time to fix the load, that is, the choking operation. Further, it takes time to take out the load from the container after the transportation is completed, that is, devanning.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a method of loading a coil on a container. In this loading method, a plurality of paper tube materials that are recycled products are arranged according to the height of the coil between the coil that is the load and the side wall of the container, an air bag is arranged on the coil side, and the air bag is The coil is fixed by inflating.

Japanese Patent No. 6275217

  As described in Patent Document 1, when stacking a plurality of paper tubes, it takes time to stack the paper tubes. In particular, it is necessary to arrange the lower paper tube material that has been cut into a semicircular shape, and it is necessary to change the type of paper tube material between the lower and upper tiers. There is a problem that the nature is bad.

  Moreover, both end surfaces of the paper tube material are flat, one end surface is in contact with the side wall of the container, and the other end surface is in contact with the air bag. A plate material is disposed between the coil that is the load and the airbag, and the airbag is in contact with the flat surface of the plate material. In this way, when the flat end surface of the paper tube material is only in contact with the side wall of the container, the paper tube material arranged on the floor wall of the container can be displaced in the container due to the vibration of the container during transportation. There is sex. For this reason, the conventional load fixing method described in Patent Document 1 has not only poor workability but also a problem that the load cannot be reliably fixed.

  An object of the present invention is to improve the workability of the work of fixing the load to the container and to ensure that the load can be fixed to the container.

  A load fixing device according to the present invention is a load fixing device for fixing a load to a container having a floor wall, a top wall, left and right side walls, and front and rear end walls, and the load is fixed to the load loaded in the container. An inner spacer to be applied; an outer spacer provided with a meshing portion that meshes with an uneven portion formed on a side wall of the container; and the inner spacer and the outer spacer disposed between the inner spacer and the outer spacer. And an airbag that fastens and fixes the load between the left and right side walls by inflating in the direction of separating the cargo.

  The load fixing method according to the present invention is a load fixing method for fixing a load to a container having a floor wall, a top wall, left and right side walls, and front and rear end walls, wherein the load is loaded inside the container. A step of placing a spacer between the inner spacer and the outer spacer, and a step of abutting the inner spacer against the load while engaging the engaging portion provided on the outer spacer with the uneven portion formed on the side wall of the container And inflating the airbag between the left and right side walls by inflating the airbag in a direction to separate the inner spacer and the outer spacer.

  The inner spacer is abutted against the load loaded in the container, the engaging portion of the outer spacer is engaged with the uneven portion formed on the side wall of the container, and the air bag disposed between the inner spacer and the outer spacer is inflated. Thus, the load is fastened between the side walls with the outer spacer meshing with the side walls of the container. In this way, by placing the inner spacer and the outer spacer between the load and the side wall and arranging the air bag between them, the load can be easily fixed in a short time, and the fixed workability Can be improved.

  Since the outer spacer is in a state of being engaged with the uneven portion of the side wall, the outer spacer can securely fix the load, and even if the container vibrates during transportation, the load is prevented from shifting in the container. The

  If at least one of the air bag receiving surface of the inner spacer and the air bag receiving surface of the outer spacer is a concave surface, the inflated air bag may shift relative to the inner spacer and the outer spacer during container transportation. As a result, the load can be securely fixed to the container.

It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the cargo container which is an example. It is sectional drawing by the side of the plane of the container in which the load was loaded up and down and was fixed. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 in FIG. (A) is a perspective view which shows the inner side spacer shown by FIG. 2, (B) is a perspective view which shows the outer side spacer shown by FIG. (A) is a perspective view which shows the airbag before expansion | swelling, (B) is a perspective view which shows the state which expanded the airbag. (A)-(D) are process drawings which show the fixation procedure to the container of the load shown by FIG. It is sectional drawing by the side of the plane of the container with which the load was loaded in the horizontal direction and was fixed. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-9 in FIG. 8. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10 in FIG. (A) is a perspective view which shows the inner side spacer shown by FIG. 8, (B) is a perspective view which shows the outer side spacer shown by FIG. (A)-(E) is process drawing which shows the fixation procedure to the container of the load shown by FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the container 10 on which the load is loaded includes a floor wall 11, a top wall 12, a left side wall 13, a right side wall 14, a front side end wall 15, and a back side end wall 16. It has a rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole. The front end wall 15 is provided with an openable / closable door 15a. With reference to the front side end wall 15 as the front wall, in this specification, one of the left and right side walls 13 is a left side wall, and the other side wall 14 is a right side wall. Each of the side walls 13 and 14 and the end wall 16 are formed of metal corrugated plates in order to reduce the weight while maintaining the strength. Therefore, the inner surfaces of the side walls 13 and 14 and the end wall 16 have the concavo-convex portion 17, and the concave portion and the convex portion respectively extend in the vertical direction. The load S is loaded from the front side of the container 10 and loaded, and is transported by a freight transportation means such as a vehicle, a ship, and an aircraft. The floor wall 11 is provided with a claw hole 18 into which a claw of a forklift enters and extends in the left-right direction.

  The container 10 is a standard 20-foot cargo container. As shown in FIG. 1, the outer dimension in the longitudinal direction, that is, the longitudinal direction (X direction) L is 6058 mm (20 feet), The outer dimension in the width direction (Y direction) W is 2438 mm, and the outer dimension in the height direction (Z direction) H is 2591 mm. The container 10 for transporting the cargo is not limited to the 20-foot container shown in FIG. 1, and there are various sized containers such as a 40-foot container, a 10-foot container, and a 12-foot container. In order to prevent the load S from moving in the container, a fixing device is used to fix the load S loaded in the container.

  The load S shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is a thin plate coil in which a thin steel plate is wound in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of binding bands 21 are wound around a circular outer peripheral surface. The load S is previously fixed to a wood base 22 by a binding band 23 with the outer peripheral surface thereof being vertically oriented, and a wood leg member 24 is attached to the bottom surface of the base 22. The load S is wound in a cylindrical shape by a binding band 21 and may be covered with a sheet material or the like, but is not accommodated by a packaging member such as a container, and the container 10 is unpacked in the container. Loaded in. The thin coil, which is the load shown, has an outer diameter of about 1300 mm and a height of about 1114 mm. Some thin plate coils loaded on the container 10 have an outer diameter in the range of 1050 mm to 1600 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the load S attached to the pedestal 22 is disposed on the floor wall 11 so as to be positioned at the center in the width direction of the container 10. The load S loaded in the container 10 is stored in the container 10 using an inner spacer 30 that abuts on both the left and right sides of the load S, an outer spacer 40 that abuts against the side walls 13 and 14 of the container 10, and an air bag 50. Fixed or choked.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the inner spacer 30 has a concave-shaped abutting surface 31 that abuts against the load S. Since the outer peripheral surface of the load S is circular, the concave shape of the abutting surface 31 is a concave arc surface shape corresponding to the convex arc surface shape, is curved along the X direction, and is along the Z direction. And straight. On the opposite side of the abutting surface 31, a concave air bag receiving surface 32 into which the air bag 50 enters is provided. The concave shape of the airbag receiving surface 32 is curved along the X direction and the Z direction, and is a concave spherical shape corresponding to the convex spherical surface of the sphere. The direction of the curve described above is the same as the direction shown in FIG.

  The upper surface 33, the lower surface 34, the front surface 35, and the rear surface 36 of the inner spacer 30 are flat surfaces. The upper surface 33 and the lower surface 34 are parallel to each other, and the front surface 35 and the rear surface 36 are perpendicular to the upper surface 33 and the lower surface 34 and are parallel to each other. The inner spacer 30 is foamed polystyrene (EPS) which is a foamed plastic, and is formed by foaming polystyrene with a hydrocarbon gas in a mold. The inner spacer 30 is an EPS having an expansion ratio of about 50 to 60 times.

  The inner spacer 30 can be processed into the shape shown in FIG. 5A by cutting or cutting a block material of polystyrene foam formed into a rectangular parallelepiped shape. That is, the inner spacer 30 can be manufactured by either mold molding or cut molding. In addition, as the foamed plastic that is the material of the inner spacer 30, a foamed polystyrene sheet (PSP), an extruded foamed polystyrene (XPS), or the like can be used. Regardless of which material is used, the inner spacer 30 made of foamed plastic is extremely lightweight, and an operator can easily carry it and carry it into a predetermined location of the container 10.

  As shown in FIG. 5B, the outer spacer 40 has a meshing portion 41 that meshes with the concavo-convex portion 17 formed on the side walls 13 and 14 of the container 10, and the meshing portion 41 has a convex portion of the concavo-convex portion 17. It has a concave portion to enter and a convex portion to enter the concave portion of the concavo-convex portion 17 and extends in the vertical direction. On the opposite side of the meshing portion 41, a concave air bag receiving surface 42 into which the air bag 50 enters is provided. Similar to the airbag receiving surface 32 of the inner spacer 30, the airbag receiving surface 42 has a concave shape curved along the X direction and the Z direction. That is, it has a concave spherical shape corresponding to the convex spherical surface of the sphere.

  However, the shape of each of the air bag receiving surfaces 32 and 42 is a concave arcuate surface that is curved along the X direction and straight along the Z direction in the same manner as the abutting surface 31 instead of the concave spherical shape. It is good also as a shape. The upper surface 43, the lower surface 44, the front surface 45, and the rear surface 46 of the outer spacer 40 are flat surfaces.

  Similar to the inner spacer 30, the outer spacer 40 is formed of foamed polystyrene (EPS). The outer spacer 40 can also be made of foamed plastic other than EPS. Also, the outer spacer 40 can be manufactured by either mold molding or cut molding.

  6A is a perspective view showing the airbag 50 before being inflated, and FIG. 6B is a perspective view showing a state in which the airbag 50 is inflated.

  The airbag 50 has two substantially quadrangular bag materials 51 and 52 as a whole, each of which is joined at the periphery, and a gap is provided inside. The two bag materials 51 and 52 each have a two-layer structure. The inner layer is made of a highly flexible material such as polyethylene (PE) and has a structure for storing the filled air. The outer layer is made of paper or polypropylene (PP), which suppresses the inner layer from expanding to some extent, and the outer layer protects the inner layer from bursting or being damaged. Yes.

  The air bag 50 is provided with an air injection pipe 53. When compressed air is supplied into the air bag 50 from the air injection pipe 53, the air bag 50 is in an inflated state as shown in FIG. The air injection pipe 53 is provided with a check valve 54 to prevent outflow of air from the inside of the airbag 50. When the check valve 54 is operated from the outside, the internal air can be discharged.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, three loads S are loaded in the container 10. Each load S is attached to the pedestal 22 and is disposed in the center in the width direction of the floor wall 11. Inner spacers 30 are arranged on the left and right sides of each load S, and the abutting surface 31 of the inner spacer 30 is abutted against the outer peripheral surface of the load S. Outer spacers 40 are arranged on the left and right side walls 13, 14 of the container 10, and the engaging portion 41 of the outer spacer 40 is engaged with the concavo-convex portion 17. At the time of this work, both the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40 are made of foamed plastic and are lightweight, and the operator can place each in a predetermined position while being lifted from the floor wall 11. In addition, it is only necessary to dispose two inner and outer spacers on one side of the load S. This operation can be performed quickly, and the workability of the loading and fixing operation of the load S to the container 10 can be dramatically improved. it can. Under this state, the airbag 50 is disposed between the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40, and the airbag 50 is inflated as shown in FIG. 6B.

  When the airbag 50 is inflated, the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40 receive pressure from the airbag 50 in a direction away from each other, and the load S is fastened and fixed to the container 10 between the left and right side walls 13 and 14. Since one airbag S is arranged on each of the left and right sides of one load S, both airbags 50 may be inflated at the same time. Furthermore, after one side of the airbag 50 is inflated to some extent. Alternatively, the airbag 50 on the other side may be inflated. Since the engaging portion 41 of the outer spacer 40 is engaged with the concavo-convex portion 17, even if the container 10 vibrates during transportation of the container 10, the outer spacer 40 does not move in the X direction in the container 10. In this way, the outer spacer 40 is securely fixed to the container 10 by using the uneven portions 17 of the side walls 13 and 14 of the container 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in order to load and fix three loads S in the container 10 in the longitudinal direction, that is, in the X direction, the inter-load spacer 55 composed of hexahedral blocks is adjacent in the longitudinal direction. Arranged between the loads S. A similar inter-load spacer 55 is also disposed between the front-side end wall 15 and the load S of the container 10, and a similar inter-load spacer 55 is also disposed between the back-side end wall 16 and the load S. Each of the inter-load spacers 55 is made of foamed plastic similar to the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40. The inter-load spacer 55 is lightweight and can be brought into contact with the load S as being lifted from the floor wall 11. However, the respective inter-load spacers 55 may be brought into contact with the floor wall 11 and abut against the respective pedestals 22.

  In the container 10 shown in FIG. 2, the inner spacer 30, the outer spacer 40, and the airbag 50 are arranged on the left and right sides of the load S, but the inner spacer 30 and the like are arranged on one side of the left and right. Alternatively, a spacer similar to the inter-load spacer 55 may be disposed on the other side.

  Since the abutting surface 31 of the inner spacer 30 is a concave arcuate surface corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the load S, the abutting surface 31 is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the load S. Thereby, even if the container 10 vibrates when the container 10 is transported, it is possible to reliably prevent the inner spacer 30 from shifting in the X direction within the container 10. However, even if the abutting surface 31 is a flat surface, the displacement of the inner spacer 30 can be suppressed against a certain amount of container vibration due to friction between the abutting surface 31 and the load S. The inner spacer 30 is made of foamed plastic and can be elastically deformed. Therefore, when the cylindrical body formed by winding the thin coil is used as the load S, the outer diameter of the load S is in the range of 900 mm to 1800 mm. The butting surface 31 of the inner spacer 30 of the same type can be brought into close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the load S.

  The inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40 are provided with airbag receiving surfaces 32 and 42 into which the inflated airbag 50 enters. Each of the air bag receiving surfaces 32, 42 is a concave spherical concave surface, and is curved along the X direction and the Z direction. On the other hand, the inflated airbag 50 has a curved shape along the X and Z directions corresponding to the airbag receiving surfaces 32 and 42 as shown in FIG. 6B.

  Therefore, if each of the airbag receiving surfaces 32 and 42 has a concave spherical shape, both bag materials 51 and 52 of the airbag 50 are in close contact with the entire airbag receiving surfaces 32 and 42. Thereby, even if the container 10 vibrates during transportation, it is possible to reliably prevent the airbag 50 from shifting with respect to the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40. However, even if the airbag receiving surfaces 32 and 42 are flat surfaces, the displacement of the airbag 50 can be suppressed against a certain amount of container vibration due to friction between the airbag 50 and each spacer.

  Therefore, even if at least one of the airbag receiving surface 32 and the airbag receiving surface 42 is formed in a concave spherical shape, it is possible to suppress the displacement of the airbag 50 relative to both spacers. Each of the airbag receiving surfaces 32 and 42 has a concave spherical shape. However, like the abutting surfaces 31 and 41, the airbag receiving surfaces 32 and 42 are curved along the X direction and straight concave arcs along the Z direction. It is good also as a surface shape.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a load fixing method for loading and fixing three loads S into the container 10 from the front end wall 15 side will be described with reference to FIG. 7.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, the load S is loaded into the container 10. Prior to this loading step, the load S is wrapped around the binding band 21 in advance and attached to the pedestal 22 by the binding band 23. In FIG. 2, the cargo is sequentially loaded into the container 10 from the load S on the right side, that is, the back side near the rear side end wall 16. An inter-load spacer 55 is disposed between the right load S and the rear side end wall 16, and the right load S is abutted against the inter-load spacer 55.

  Under this state, the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40 are arranged on the left and right sides of the load S in the spacer arrangement step shown in FIG. Next, the airbag 50 is disposed between the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40 as shown in FIG. At this time, the airbag 50 is in a state before inflation as shown in FIG. Next, an air supply member such as a hose connected to an external compressed air supply source is connected to the air bag 50, and the air is supplied into the air bag 50. In this inflating step, as shown in FIG. 7D, the airbag 50 is inflated, the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40 are pressurized in the direction in which they are separated, and the load S is placed on the left and right side walls 13, 14. Between the inner spacer 30, the outer spacer 40, and the airbag 50.

  As shown in FIG. 2, when the airbags 50 are arranged on both the left and right sides of the load S, the inner spacer 30, the outer spacer 40, and the airbag 50 are arranged on the left and right sides of the cargo S, and then the air The bag 50 may be inflated, and then the air bag 50 may be inflated by disposing the inner spacer 30, the outer spacer 40, and the air bag 50 on the other left and right sides.

  In this way, when the loading and fixing work of the right load S in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 is completed, the loading and fixing work of the central load S and the left loading S is performed in the same procedure.

  In the fixing operation of the load S, the inner spacer 30 is abutted against the load S in a state where the inner spacer 30 is lifted from the floor wall 11, and the engagement portion 41 is engaged with the concavo-convex portion 17 while the outer spacer 40 is similarly lifted. The arrangement | positioning operation | work of the lightweight inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40 can be performed easily. This arrangement work can be performed quickly, and the load fixing workability can be improved.

  Moreover, since the outer spacer 40 is engaged with the concavo-convex portion 17 on the side wall, the outer spacer 40 is prevented from shifting in the container 10 during transportation, and the load S can be fixed securely. Fixing of the load S is further ensured by making the abutting surface 31 of the inner spacer 30 correspond to the outer peripheral surface of the load S to be a concave surface having an arcuate surface shape. Further, the fixing strength of the load S can be further increased by making one or both of the air bag receiving surfaces 32 and 42 of the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40 into a concave surface, particularly a concave spherical shape.

  In this way, the container 10 on which the load is loaded and fixed is transported by the vehicle or ship without the load being shifted. When the transported cargo is unloaded from the container 10, the air is discharged from the inside of the airbag 50. When the air is discharged, the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40 can be easily taken out. This discharge operation can be quickly performed by operating the check valve 54 provided in the airbag 50. Although it can also be performed by breaking the airbag 50, the airbag 50 can be reused by operating the check valve 54 and discharging it without breaking the airbag 50. Since the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40 can be easily taken out to the outside, the subsequent work of taking out the load S from the container, that is, devanning can be performed quickly and easily.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the container on the plane side showing a state in which the load is loaded in the container 10 shown in FIG. 1 and fixed in a horizontal direction. 9 is a sectional view taken along line 9-9 in FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 in FIG.

  The load shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 is a wire coil in which a steel wire is wound in a cylindrical shape, and is fixed to the cylindrical shape by a binding band (not shown) and covered with a sheet material. The load S is loaded into the container 10 with the outer peripheral surface facing the horizontal direction. The wire coil as a load has a coil outer diameter of 1300 mm and an axial length of 800 to 1300 mm. In the container 10, the four lower loads S 1 arranged on the floor wall 11 near one side in the width direction of the container 10 and the floor 10 on the other side in the width direction of the container 10 are lifted from the floor wall 11. A state in which the upper four loads S2 arranged in such a manner are loaded is shown. In this way, the fixing device can be applied even when the load is stacked in an oblique stage.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, the lower load S <b> 1 is abutted against the left and right side walls 14 and disposed on the floor wall 11. However, a thin spacer or protective member made of foamed plastic or wood may be disposed between the side wall 14 and the load S1. The lower load S1 is fixed to the container 10 using two inner spacers 30a that are abutted against the load S1, two outer spacers 40a that are abutted against the side wall 13 of the container 10, and two airbags 50a. The In FIG. 8, the upper load S2 is indicated by a two-dot chain line.

  As shown in FIG. 11A, the inner spacer 30a has an abutment surface 31 that abuts against the load S1. The abutting surface 31 is a flat surface that is straight in the X direction and the Z direction. An airbag receiving surface 32 provided on the opposite side of the abutting surface 31 and into which the airbag 50a enters is a concave arcuate surface shape, is curved along the X direction, and is straight along the Z direction.

  The upper surface 33 is an inclined surface inclined at an angle α upward from the airbag receiving surface 32 side toward the abutment surface 31 side, and the inclination angle α is about 10 degrees. When the inner spacer 30a is abutted against the load S1, the upper surface 33 is inclined upward from the side wall 13 side toward the side wall 14 side. The lower surface 34, the front surface 35, and the rear surface 36 of the inner spacer 30a are flat surfaces, the front surface 35 and the rear surface 36 are parallel to each other, and the lower surface 34 is substantially perpendicular to the front surface 35 and the rear surface 36.

  As shown in FIG. 11B, the outer spacer 40a has a meshing portion 41 that meshes with the concavo-convex portion 17 formed on the side wall 14 of the container 10, and the meshing portion 41 is a concave portion into which the convex portion of the concavo-convex portion 17 enters. And a convex part that enters the concave part of the concave-convex part 17 and extends in the vertical direction. On the opposite side of the meshing portion 41, a concave air bag receiving surface 42 into which the air bag 50a enters is provided. The airbag receiving surface 42 has a concave arcuate surface shape like the airbag receiving surface 32 of the inner spacer 30a, is curved along the X direction, and is straight along the Z direction.

  The upper surface 43 is an inclined surface inclined by an angle β downward from the meshing portion 41 side toward the airbag receiving surface 42, and the inclination angle β is about 30 to 35 degrees. When the outer spacer 40a is engaged with the side wall 13, the upper surface 43 is inclined downward from the side wall 13 toward the side wall 14, that is, in a state inclined downward toward the inner spacer 30a. The lower surface 44, the front surface 45, and the rear surface 46 of the outer spacer 40 a are flat surfaces, the front surface 45 and the rear surface 46 are parallel to each other, and the lower surface 44 is substantially perpendicular to the front surface 45 and the rear surface 46.

  The inner spacer 30a and the outer spacer 40a are formed of expanded polystyrene (EPS) in the same manner as the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40 described above. However, each can be made of foamed plastic other than EPS. Each of them can be manufactured by either mold molding or cutting molding.

  The airbag 50a is the same as that described above except that the airbag 50a is smaller than the airbag 50 described above.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, four lower loads S <b> 1 are loaded in the container 10. Each load S <b> 1 is disposed on the floor wall 11 so that the outer peripheral surface is horizontal and is abutted against the side wall 14 which is one side wall. The abutting surfaces 31 of the inner spacer 30a are abutted against the front side portion and the rear side portion of the outer peripheral surface of the load S1, respectively. Two outer spacers 40 a are arranged on the floor wall 11 so as to correspond to the inner spacers 30 a, and the respective engaging portions 41 are engaged with the concavo-convex portions 17. At this time, both the inner spacer 30a and the outer spacer 40a are made of foamed plastic and are lightweight, so that the operator can easily transport them into the container 10 and place them at predetermined positions. Moreover, it is sufficient to arrange a total of four spacers for one load S1, and this operation can be performed quickly, and the workability of the loading and fixing operation of the load S to the container 10 can be dramatically improved. it can. Under this state, the airbag 50a is disposed between the inner spacer 30a and the outer spacer 40a, and the airbag 50a is inflated.

  When the air bag 50a is inflated, the inner spacer 30a and the outer spacer 40a receive pressure from the air bag 50a in the direction away from each other, and the load S1 is fastened and fixed to the container 10 between the left and right side walls 13,14. Since the meshing portion 41 of the outer spacer 40 a meshes with the concavo-convex portion 17, even if the container 10 vibrates during transportation of the container 10, the outer spacer 40 a does not shift in the X direction within the container 10.

  An upper load S2 is disposed on the inclined upper surface 33 of the inner spacer 30a and the inclined upper surface 43 of the outer spacer 40a. As shown in FIG. 10, the load S <b> 2 is connected to the load S <b> 1 by a binding band 56. The upper load S2 is supported on the inner spacer 30a and the outer spacer 40a at two locations on the front and rear sides. Each upper load S2 is substantially in the same position in the X direction as the lower load S1 fastened and fixed by the inner spacer 30a and the outer spacer 40a that support the upper load S2.

  The upper surface 33 of the inner spacer 30a is inclined downward at an angle α toward the outer spacer 40a, and the upper surface 43 of the outer spacer 40a is inclined downward at an angle β toward the inner spacer 30a. Therefore, the load S2 disposed on both the upper surfaces 33 and 43 is supported by two V-shaped surfaces on the front and rear sides. Since the upper surface 33 is inclined by the angle α, even if the container 10 vibrates during transportation, the load S2 is suppressed from moving toward the load S1. Since the upper surface 43 is inclined by an angle β which is an angle larger than the angle α, even when the container 10 vibrates, the load S2 at a position higher than the load S1 is prevented from coming into contact with the side wall 14. Furthermore, since the upper load S2 is placed on the upper surfaces 33 and 43 that are inclined surfaces, the inner spacer 30a is pressed toward the lower load S1 and the outer spacer 40a is pushed to the side wall 13 by the load of the load S2. It is pushed toward. Thereby, the load of the upper load S2 is also used as a fastening force for fastening and fixing the lower load S1 to the container 10.

  The dimensions of the inner spacer 30a and the outer spacer 40a in the front-rear direction, that is, the X direction are set to be shorter than the inner spacer 30 and the outer spacer 40 described above, and one load S1 includes two inner spacers 30a and two An outer spacer 40a is disposed. However, if the dimension in the front-rear direction of the inner spacer 30a and the outer spacer 40a is increased, each can be placed on the load S1 one by one. By arranging two inner spacers 30a corresponding to the front end portion and the rear end portion of one load S1, the upper load S2 can be supported at both ends, and the posture of the load S2 is stabilized. Can be supported.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, a procedure for loading and fixing a total of eight loads S1 and S2 in the upper and lower two stages in the container 10 will be described with reference to FIG. .

  As shown in FIG. 12A, the lower load S <b> 1 is loaded into the container 10 and abuts against the side wall 14. In the container 10, first, the load S <b> 1 shown at the right end near the rear side end wall 16 in FIG. 8 is loaded. An inter-load spacer 55 is disposed between the back surface of the load S1 and the end wall 16. Next, as shown in FIG. 12A, the inner spacer 30 a and the outer spacer 40 a are disposed on the floor wall 11. In this arrangement step, the two inner spacers 30a are abutted against the load S1, and the two outer spacers 40a are engaged with the concavo-convex portions 17 of the side wall 13 so as to face the inner spacers 30a.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 12B, the uninflated airbag 50a is disposed between the inner spacer 30a and the outer spacer 40a. Further, as shown in FIG. 12C, air is supplied into the air bag 50a. As a result, the airbag 50a is inflated, the inner spacer 30a and the outer spacer 40a are pressurized in the direction in which they are separated, and the load S1 is fastened and fixed between the left and right side walls 13,14.

  As shown in FIG. 12D, the upper load S2 is loaded on the upper surfaces 33 and 43 of the inner spacer 30a and the outer spacer 40a, and the load S2 is bundled as shown in FIG. 12E. The band 56 is connected to the load S1. In this way, eight loads are loaded into the container 10 and fixed in the horizontal direction.

  8 to 12, the inner spacer 30a and the outer spacer 40a for fastening the lower load S1 to the container 10 are also used as members for supporting the upper load S2, and the container Loads can be loaded and fixed in two upper and lower stages.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. The load S shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is a thin coil wound in a cylindrical shape, and the loads S1 and S2 shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 are wire coils wound in a cylindrical shape. However, it is not limited to these. For example, this fixing device can also be applied when a drum can containing a liquid is fixed in a container. Furthermore, this fixing device can also be applied when stacking a plurality of panel members and fixing a load bound in a rectangular parallelepiped or cubic shape.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Container 11 Floor wall 12 Top wall 13, 14 Side wall 15 Front side end wall 16 Back side end wall 17 Uneven part 22 Base 24 Leg member 30, 30a Inner spacer 31 Abutting surface 32 Airbag receiving surface 33 Upper surface 40, 40a Outside Spacer 41 Meshing portion 42 Airbag receiving surface 43 Upper surface 50, 50a Airbag 53 Air injection pipe 54 Check valve 55 Inter-load spacer 56 Binding band S, S1, S2 Load

Claims (13)

A load fixing device for fixing a load to a container having a floor wall, a top wall, left and right side walls, and front and rear end walls,
An inner spacer abutted against the load loaded in the container;
An outer spacer provided with a meshing portion that meshes with the concavo-convex portion formed on the side wall of the container;
An airbag which is disposed between the inner spacer and the outer spacer and which fastens and fixes the load between the left and right side walls by inflating in a direction separating the inner spacer and the outer spacer;
Load fixing device having.   The load fixing device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the air bag receiving surface of the outer spacer and the air bag receiving surface of the inner spacer is a concave surface.   3. The load fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the inner spacer has an abutting surface corresponding to a shape of an outer peripheral surface of the load. In the fixing device of the load of any one of Claims 1-3,
The load has a circular outer peripheral surface, and the outer peripheral surface is arranged in the center in the width direction of the container so as to face in the vertical direction.
The inner spacers are respectively placed on the left and right sides of the load against the load,
The outer spacer is disposed inside the left and right side walls,
A load fixing device in which the airbag is disposed between the inner spacer and the outer spacer.   5. The load fixing device according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of loads are loaded in a longitudinal direction of the container, and an inter-load spacer is arranged between loads adjacent in the longitudinal direction.   6. The load fixing device according to claim 4, wherein the load is a thin plate coil formed by winding a steel thin plate in a cylindrical shape. In the fixing device of the load of any one of Claims 1-3,
Each of the loads has a circular shape on the outer peripheral surface, and a lower load and an upper load that are loaded in the container with the outer peripheral surface facing the horizontal direction,
The lower load is abutted against the left and right side walls of the container,
The inner spacer, the outer spacer, and the airbag are disposed between the other left and right side walls and the lower load,
The upper load is disposed on the outer spacer and the inner spacer and coupled to the lower load.   8. The load fixing device according to claim 7, wherein an upper surface of the outer spacer is an inclined surface inclined downward toward the inner spacer, and an upper surface of the inner spacer is inclined downward toward the outer spacer. Load fixing device that is an inclined surface.   The load fixing device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the load is a wire coil obtained by winding a steel wire rod in a cylindrical shape.   The load fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the inner spacer and the outer spacer are made of foamed plastic. A load fixing method for fixing a load to a container having a floor wall, a ceiling wall, left and right side walls, and front and rear end walls,
A loading process for loading a load inside the container;
A spacer arrangement step of abutting the inner spacer against the load, and engaging the engaging portion provided in the outer spacer with the uneven portion formed on the side wall of the container;
With the airbag disposed between the inner spacer and the outer spacer, the airbag is inflated in a direction to separate the inner spacer and the outer spacer, and the load is fastened between the left and right side walls. An expansion step for fixing;
A method of fixing a load. The method for fixing a load according to claim 11,
The load has a circular outer peripheral surface, and the load is disposed on the floor wall at the center in the width direction of the container with the outer peripheral surface facing in the vertical direction in the loading step.
The spacer arrangement step includes a step of abutting inner spacers on the left and right sides of the load, and a step of engaging the engagement portions of the outer spacers with the uneven portions of the left and right side walls of the container,
The inflating step includes inflating an air bag between the inner spacer and the outer spacer on the left and right sides of the load, and an air bag between the inner spacer and the outer spacer on the left and right sides of the load. A method of securing a load comprising the step of inflating. The method for fixing a load according to claim 11,
Each of the loads has a circular shape on the outer peripheral surface, and a lower load and an upper load that are loaded in the container with the outer peripheral surface facing the horizontal direction,
In the loading process, the lower load is placed on the floor wall against the left and right side walls of the container,
The spacer placement step includes a step of placing the inner spacer against the lower load between the lower load and the left and right side walls, and placing the outer spacer on the other left and right sides facing the inner spacer. And the step of meshing the meshing portion with the concavo-convex portion formed on the side wall of
The upper load is disposed on the upper side of the inner spacer and the outer spacer and connected to the lower load.

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