JP6421192B2 - Method for identifying 3D objects - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for identifying a three-dimensional object when manufacturing a plurality of three-dimensional objects using an additive manufacturing method.

  Conventionally, when manufacturing an electronic device in which a piezoelectric element is resin-molded, there is a technique for recognizing identification information (manufacturing information or the like) added to the surface of a built-in piezoelectric element (for example, Patent Document 1). In the recognition method disclosed in Patent Document 1, identification information provided on the surface of a built-in piezoelectric element is formed of an X-ray absorber, and after resin molding, the electronic device is irradiated with X-rays to determine the identification information. We are carrying out.

  By the way, in recent years, there is an additive manufacturing method in which a three-dimensional object is manufactured by sequentially stacking layered materials formed by dividing a three-dimensional object into a plurality of layers. As the layered modeling method, for example, an optical modeling method (SL: Stereo Lithography), a powder sintering method (SLS: Selective Laser Sintering), a hot melt lamination method (FDM: Fused Deposition Molding), and the like are known. The additive manufacturing method is not limited to an electronic device in which various active elements and passive elements described above are resin-molded, and various three-dimensional objects can be manufactured.

  In addition, in the additive manufacturing method, a support material may be used to manufacture a three-dimensional object having a desired shape. The support material is, for example, a mold used for modeling a three-dimensional object having a desired shape, and is removed after the three-dimensional object is formed. Examples of the method for removing the support material include a cutting method, a melting method by heat, and a melting method using a specific liquid such as water and chemicals.

JP 2005-123246 A

  Here, for example, a case is considered in which a plurality of three-dimensionally shaped objects having different parts that cannot be determined at first glance, such as part of the size and outer shape, or built-in parts, are manufactured by the additive manufacturing method. In this case, in the process of removing the support material, when a plurality of three-dimensional objects are cut together or immersed in a solution and stirred, a plurality of three-dimensional objects are mixed and can be distinguished from each other. It becomes a problem to disappear.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and when manufacturing a plurality of three-dimensional objects using the layered manufacturing method, individual three-dimensional objects even after undergoing a step of removing the support material. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for identifying a three-dimensional structure that can be identified.

  In order to solve the above problems, the method for identifying a three-dimensional object according to claim 1 of the present application is a three-dimensional object for identifying individual three-dimensional objects when manufacturing a plurality of three-dimensional objects by the additive manufacturing method. From the step of providing a support material that matches the shape of the three-dimensional structure, the step of forming the three-dimensional structure along the shape of the support material based on the modeling data, and the three-dimensional structure The step of removing the support material, the step of performing comparison by external shape, the step of performing comparison by internal observation, and the step of performing comparison by mass for a plurality of three-dimensional objects from which the support material has been removed Performing at least one step to identify a plurality of three-dimensional objects. In addition, as a support material, the material which can be melt | dissolved in specific liquids, such as water and a chemical | medical agent, can be used, for example. As a method of modeling a three-dimensional object, for example, stereolithography (SL: Stereo Lithography), powder sintering method (SLS: Selective Laser Sintering), hot melt lamination method (FDM: Fused Deposition Molding), UV curable inkjet method, There is an ink-jet binder method. In addition, the three-dimensional modeled object here means both a part of the layer of the three-dimensional modeled object formed by dividing into a plurality of layers by the layered modeling method, or both of the finished products obtained by stacking all the layers.

  Moreover, the identification method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 2 is the identification method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 1, The step which performs the comparison by an external shape is each of the some three-dimensional molded item from which the support material was removed. The method includes a step of detecting the outer shape, and a step of comparing the detected outer shape with the outer shape specified based on the modeling data.

  Further, in the method for identifying a three-dimensional object according to claim 3, in the method for identifying a three-dimensional object according to claim 1 or 2, the step of comparing by internal observation includes each of a plurality of three-dimensional objects. In the step of forming the metal wirings different from each other by the additive manufacturing method inside each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects, the metal wiring is detected by irradiating the plurality of three-dimensional objects with the support material removed by irradiating X-rays. And a step of comparing the detected metal wiring with the metal wiring specified based on the modeling data.

  Moreover, the identification method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 4 is the identification method of the three-dimensional molded item in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3, The step which performs the comparison by mass is a some three-dimensional molded item The step of calculating the mass of each of the three-dimensional modeling data, the step of measuring the mass of each of the plurality of three-dimensional modeling objects from which the support material has been removed, the mass based on the modeling data, and the mass by the actual measurement are compared. And a step.

  Moreover, in order to solve the said subject, the identification method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 5 of this application is for identifying each three-dimensional molded item, when manufacturing a several three-dimensional molded item by the layered modeling method. A method of identifying a three-dimensional object, a step of providing a support material according to the shape of the three-dimensional object, a step of forming a three-dimensional object along the shape of the support material based on the modeling data, and a support material A step of providing a holding member that holds the position of each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects to which the three-dimensional object is attached within a certain range, a step of removing the support material from the three-dimensional object while being held by the holding member, and a holding member Detecting a position of each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects in a state of being held by the step.

  Moreover, the identification method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 6 WHEREIN: In the identification method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 5, the holding member which covers the outer periphery of each of the several three-dimensional molded item to which the support material adhered, The method includes a step of modeling by an additive manufacturing method.

  Moreover, the identification method of the three-dimensional structure according to claim 7 is the identification method of the three-dimensional structure according to claim 5, wherein the holding member is made of a material having solvent resistance to the solution for removing the support material, The method includes a step of fixing the position of each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects using the holding member.

  In the identification method of the three-dimensional structure according to claim 1 of the present application, based on the modeling data, for example, all of the three-dimensional structure or the three-dimensional structure by the additive manufacturing method along the shape of the support material provided as the formwork of the three-dimensional structure. A part is shaped. Next, an unnecessary support material is removed from the three-dimensional modeled object. And based on modeling data with respect to the some solid modeling thing which removed the support material, a comparison by at least one of an external shape, internal observation, and mass is implemented, and a some solid modeling thing is identified. As a result, even when a plurality of three-dimensional objects are mixed in the process of removing the support material when manufacturing a plurality of three-dimensional objects that are different in size, part of the outer shape, built-in parts, etc., the modeling data It becomes possible to identify each three-dimensional modeled object by comparing an external shape etc. based on this. In addition, you may use in combination each of the comparison by external shape, the comparison by internal observation, and the comparison by mass.

  Moreover, in the identification method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 2 of this application, when performing the comparison by an external shape, first, each external shape of the some three-dimensional molded item from which the support material was removed is detected. Next, the detected outer shape is compared with the outer shape specified based on the modeling data. In manufacturing data used for the layered modeling method, data of a cross-sectional shape formed by dividing a three-dimensional modeled object into a plurality of layers is set. For this reason, in the identification method, for example, by calculating the size of the outer shape of each layer from the cross-sectional shape data, and comparing the calculated size with the result of actual measurement of the three-dimensional structure from which the support material is removed, It is possible to identify the difference (size difference) of the three-dimensional model. Further, preferably, by comparing the external shapes based only on the modeling data necessary for the modeling process, costs and labors such as separately creating comparison data for identifying the three-dimensional modeled object are not required.

  In the method for identifying a three-dimensional object according to claim 3 of the present application, when performing comparison by internal observation, different metal wirings are first formed inside each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects. Next, a metal wiring is detected by irradiating a plurality of three-dimensional shaped objects from which the support material has been removed, and the detected metal wiring is compared with the metal wiring specified based on the modeling data. For example, when modeling an electronic device in which an electronic component is resin-molded, a metal wiring for identification may be previously modeled on a part of a circuit board on which the electronic component is mounted. Thereby, it becomes possible to identify each three-dimensional molded item after removing a support material by non-contact.

  Moreover, in the identification method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 4 of this application, when performing the comparison by mass, first, each mass of a some three-dimensional molded item is calculated based on modeling data. For example, the volume for each material composing the three-dimensional structure is calculated from the cross-sectional shape data of the three-dimensional structure set in the modeling data. Next, the value obtained by multiplying the calculated volume for each material and the weight per unit amount of the material to be composed is summed to calculate the mass of the three-dimensional structure. Next, the mass of each of the plurality of three-dimensional structures from which the support material is removed is measured, and the actually measured mass is compared with the mass based on the modeling data. Thereby, in the said identification method, it becomes possible to identify a some three-dimensional molded item by comparing the calculated mass of the three-dimensional molded item with the measured mass.

  Further, in the method for identifying a three-dimensional structure according to claim 5 of the present application, a holding member is provided for holding each position of the plurality of three-dimensional structure to which the support material is attached within a certain range. Then, the support material is removed by, for example, immersing and stirring the three-dimensionally shaped object held by the holding member in a container containing a solution for dissolving the support material. Since the plurality of three-dimensional objects are held within a certain range by the holding member before and after being immersed in the solution, each position can be detected. As a result, when a plurality of three-dimensional objects having different sizes are manufactured, the individual three-dimensional objects are identified by detecting the position of each three-dimensional object even after the step of removing the support material. It becomes possible to do.

  Moreover, in the identification method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 6 of this application, the holding member of the shape which covers the outer periphery of each of the several three-dimensional molded item to which the support material adhered is modeled by the additive manufacturing method. Thereby, it becomes possible to shape | mold a holding member with a three-dimensional molded item in the series of processes of layered modeling, and it is not necessary to manufacture and prepare a holding member separately. Moreover, in the said identification method, even if it is a case where the size of a three-dimensional molded item differs by modeling a holding member using the modeling data of a three-dimensional molded item, the holding member suitable for the size of a three-dimensional molded item is easy. Can be shaped.

  Moreover, in the identification method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 7 of this application, a holding member has solvent resistance with respect to the solution which removes a support material. In the identification method, for example, if a plurality of three-dimensional objects are clamped together using this holding member and each position is fixed, a plurality of three-dimensional objects are obtained before and after being immersed in a solution for dissolving the support material. It becomes possible to keep within a certain range.

It is a top view which shows the manufacturing apparatus of the three-dimensional molded item in 1st Example of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a manufacturing apparatus. It is a perspective view of a three-dimensional molded item. It is a perspective view which shows the state of the three-dimensional molded item to which the support material adhered. It is a figure which shows the state which immerses the solid modeling thing to which the support material adhered to the container containing the solution which removes a support material. It is a perspective view which shows the state of the some three-dimensional molded item hold | maintained by the holding member. It is a perspective view which shows the state of the some three-dimensional molded item hold | maintained by another holding member. It is a perspective view which shows the three-dimensional molded item on the modeling plate by which identification information was modeled. It is a perspective view which shows the modeling plate provided with the formwork for forming identification information. It is a perspective view which shows the three-dimensional molded item in which the identification code was incorporated.

<First embodiment>
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1: has shown the top view of the manufacturing apparatus 10 with which the identification method of the three-dimensional molded item of this invention is applied. The manufacturing apparatus 10 is an apparatus that manufactures a three-dimensional structure 91 in which the electronic component 100 illustrated in FIG. 3 is built using, for example, an ultraviolet curable resin. The manufacturing apparatus 10 includes a transport device 21, a head unit 23, and an ultraviolet irradiation device 25. In the manufacturing apparatus 10, these various apparatuses are provided on the upper portion of the base 11. The base 11 has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and has a frame portion 13 that surrounds the transport device 21. In the following description, as shown in FIG. 1, the longitudinal direction of the base 11 is the X-axis direction, the short direction of the base 11 is the Y-axis direction, and the direction orthogonal to both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is Z. This will be described as the axial direction.

  The transport device 21 has a pair of X-axis slide mechanisms 31 extending in the X-axis direction and a Y-axis slide mechanism 33 extending in the Y-axis direction. Each of the X-axis slide mechanisms 31 is held by the base 11 and the frame portion 13 and has an X-axis slider 35 provided to be movable in the X-axis direction. Each of the X-axis slide mechanisms 31 is driven by an electromagnetic motor 61 (see FIG. 2), and the pair of X-axis sliders 35 are moved to arbitrary positions in the X-axis direction while maintaining positions facing each other in the Y-axis direction. To do. The Y-axis slide mechanism 33 has a Y-axis direction end portion held by an X-axis slider 35 and a plate holding portion 37 that can move in the Y-axis direction. In the Y-axis slide mechanism 33, the plate holding portion 37 moves to an arbitrary position in the Y-axis direction by driving an electromagnetic motor 63 (see FIG. 2). Therefore, the plate holding part 37 can be moved to any position on the base 11 by driving the X-axis slide mechanism 31 and the Y-axis slide mechanism 33.

  The plate holding part 37 has a base 38 and a holding device 39. The base 38 is formed in a flat plate shape, and a modeling plate P (see FIG. 3) is placed on the upper surface. The holding device 39 is provided on both sides of the base 38 in the Y-axis direction. The plate holding unit 37 clamps the end of the modeling plate P placed on the base 38 in the Y-axis direction between the base 38 and the holding device 39 and clamps the modeling plate P at a predetermined position. Hold it in place.

  Moreover, the manufacturing apparatus 10 has the raising / lowering apparatus 45 for raising / lowering the plate holding | maintenance part 37 and the modeling plate P to a Z-axis direction. The elevating device 45 drives the drive unit 47 (see FIG. 2) to raise or lower the base 38 and change the position of the modeling plate P in the Z-axis direction. The elevating device 45 is moved together with the plate holding portion 37 to an arbitrary position on the base 11.

  Moreover, the head part 23 shown in FIG. 1 is attached to the upper part of the manufacturing apparatus 10 so as to face the plate holding part 37 and the modeling plate P in the Z-axis direction. The head unit 23 includes an inkjet head 51 and a laser irradiation device 53. The inkjet head 51 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 55 that eject different types of liquid. The inkjet head 51 includes a nozzle 55 that discharges an ultraviolet curable resin for forming an insulating portion (the lower portion 93 and the protruding portion 95 in FIG. 3). In addition, the inkjet head 51 includes a nozzle 55 that discharges a conductive material for forming wirings and the like on the circuit board 103 (see FIG. 3).

  The inkjet head 51 ejects various liquids from the nozzle ports of the plurality of nozzles 55 by, for example, a piezo method using a piezoelectric element 65 (see FIG. 2). The configuration in which the inkjet head 51 discharges various liquids is not limited to the piezo method, but other configurations, for example, a thermal method in which the liquid in the nozzle 55 is heated to generate bubbles and the liquid is discharged from the nozzle port. A configuration using may be used.

  The laser irradiation device 53 is held by the head unit 23 via the moving device 57. The laser irradiation device 53 moves up and down in the Z-axis direction when the moving device 57 is driven. The laser irradiation device 53 irradiates the conductive material discharged on the modeling plate P with a laser beam and fires it. For example, in the wiring manufacturing process, when the modeling plate P moves to a position below the head unit 23 as the plate holding unit 37 moves, the inkjet head 51 causes the head unit 23 to move on the modeling plate P. The discharged conductive material is baked by the laser irradiation device 53 while discharging the conductive material.

  Moreover, the ultraviolet irradiation device 25 is attached to the upper part of the manufacturing apparatus 10 so as to face the plate holding part 37 and the modeling plate P in the Z-axis direction. The ultraviolet irradiation device 25 has an LED 67 for irradiating ultraviolet rays, and is fixed so that the irradiation direction of the LED 67 is downward. For example, in the manufacturing process of the insulating portion, when the modeling plate P moves to a lower position, the head unit 23 ejects an ultraviolet curable resin having insulating properties onto the modeling plate P by the inkjet head 51. In addition, when the modeling plate P moves to a lower position, the ultraviolet irradiation device 25 drives the LED 67 to irradiate the ultraviolet curing resin on the modeling plate P and cure it. The ultraviolet irradiation device 25 is not limited to an LED, and a light source such as a mercury lamp can also be used.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the manufacturing apparatus 10 includes a control device 71. The control device 71 includes a controller 73, a plurality of drive circuits 75, a control circuit 77, a storage unit 79, an external interface 81, and a display unit 82. The controller 73 includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like, is mainly a computer, and is connected to a plurality of drive circuits 75 and a control circuit 77. Each of the plurality of drive circuits 75 is connected to the holding device 39, the electromagnetic motors 61 and 63, the piezoelectric element 65, and the drive unit 47 described above. Each of the plurality of control circuits 77 is connected to the LED 67 and the laser irradiation device 53. The controller 73 controls the operation of the holding device 39 and the head unit 23 through the drive circuit 75 and the control circuit 77.

  The storage unit 79 is a device including a magnetic disk such as a hard disk device. The storage unit 79 stores modeling data for manufacturing the three-dimensional model 91 (see FIG. 3), data used by the controller 73 for determining the three-dimensional model 91, and the like. For example, the controller 73 reads out and executes a program stored in the storage unit 79, thereby realizing the functions of the outer shape determination unit 83, the wiring determination unit 84, and the mass determination unit 85. In addition, the processing content of each determination part 83-85 is mentioned later.

  The external interface 81 is an input / output device for the control device 71 to transmit / receive data to / from an external device. The external interface 81 includes, for example, a connector to which a LAN cable or an optical fiber cable is connected, and transmits / receives data to / from an external network via the cable connected to each connector. The display unit 82 is for displaying the determination results of the determination units 83 to 85 in addition to various information such as setting information and error information.

<Modeling of a three-dimensional model>
The controller 73 controls the X-axis slide mechanism 31 and the Y-axis slide mechanism 33 to convey the base 38 holding the modeling plate P (see FIG. 3) to the working position of the head unit 23 and the ultraviolet irradiation device 25. . For example, the controller 73 moves the plate holding part 37 to a position below the head part 23, and on the upper surface of the modeling plate P with a predetermined pattern with respect to the inkjet head 51 based on the modeling data stored in the storage unit 79. An ultraviolet curable resin is discharged. On the modeling plate P, a layered film of an ultraviolet curable resin is formed. Next, the controller 73 moves the plate holding portion 37 to a position below the ultraviolet irradiation device 25 and irradiates the layered film formed on the modeling plate P with ultraviolet rays from the LED 67 and cures it. The controller 73 repetitively executes the process of discharging the ultraviolet curable resin and the process of irradiating ultraviolet rays, thereby modeling a three-dimensionally shaped object with a plurality of layers of ultraviolet curable resin thin films.

  Thus, the manufacturing apparatus 10 models a three-dimensional modeled object with a plurality of layers of ultraviolet curable resin. For example, when modeling a part protruding outward, such as a so-called overhang part, on a three-dimensional modeled object. Needs to model the said part using a support material. Specifically, the case of modeling the three-dimensional model 91 having the shape shown in FIG. 3 will be described. In addition, in the following description, it demonstrates focusing on the process of removing a support material, and the process of identifying the three-dimensional molded item 91 after removing a support material.

  The three-dimensional model 91 is modeled on the modeling plate P in a state where a lower part 93 formed in a hemispherical shape projects downward. A disk-shaped protruding portion 95 protruding outward is formed on the upper portion of the lower portion 93. The three-dimensional model 91 is manufactured according to, for example, the size of a human body (for example, a contact lens or a false nail), and the shape, size, thickness, and the like of the lower portion 93 and the protruding portion 95 are individual. The three-dimensional model 91 is slightly different. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the three-dimensional model 91 includes a circuit board 103 on which the electronic component 100 is mounted. The electronic component 100 is, for example, an LED element, and the type varies depending on the color to be emitted. The difference between the lower portion 93 and the protruding portion 95 or the built-in electronic component 100 may not be identified at first glance by a user using the manufacturing apparatus 10. In addition, it is assumed that such a three-dimensional model 91 is manufactured on the one modeling plate P by a plurality of three-dimensional models 91 collectively.

  When modeling the above-described three-dimensional model 91, as shown in FIG. 4, a support material 97 formed in accordance with the shapes of the lower portion 93 and the protruding portion 95 is prepared. FIG. 4 shows a cross section in which a part of the support member 97 is cut. For the support material 97, for example, a material that can be dissolved in a specific liquid such as water or chemicals can be used. Further, the shape of the support material 97 is changed according to each shape or the like of the three-dimensional structure 91 (the shape of the projecting portion 95 and the lower portion 93 or the like). The manufacturing apparatus 10 models the three-dimensional model 91 by discharging an ultraviolet curable resin or the like to each of the support members 97 provided on the modeling plate P.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of three-dimensional shaped objects 91 that have been shaped are immersed and stirred in a container 101 filled with a solution for dissolving the support material 97 while the support material 97 is fixed. And the support material 97 is removed. Further, the support material 97 may be entirely or partially removed by cutting or the like. As a result, in the step of removing the support material 97, a plurality of three-dimensional objects 91 are cut together or immersed in a solution and stirred, so that the plurality of three-dimensional objects 91 are mixed and are mutually mixed. It becomes impossible to identify.

  Then, the controller 73 of a present Example performs the process which identifies the some three-dimensional molded item 91 by each determination part 83-85. Specifically, the outer shape determination unit 83 detects the outer shape of each of the plurality of three-dimensional structure 91 from which the support material 97 is removed, and is specified based on the detected outer shape and the modeling data stored in the storage unit 79. To compare with the external shape. The external shape of each three-dimensional model 91 can be detected by analyzing an image obtained by imaging the three-dimensional model 91, for example. The imaging of the three-dimensional structure 91 may be performed by, for example, a camera provided in the head unit 23 or may be performed by a dedicated external device. The outer shape determination unit 83 detects the outer shape of each three-dimensional structure 91 by analyzing image data captured by a camera provided in the head unit 23 or analyzing image data received from an external device by the external interface 81. . And the external shape determination part 83 compares the detected external shape with the external shape specified based on modeling data.

  For example, the outer shape determination unit 83 calculates the size of the outer shape of each layer from the cross-sectional shape data of the modeling data, and compares the calculated size with the result (measured) detected by image analysis. The outer shape determination unit 83 determines whether the shape of the lower portion 93 matches from the comparison result, and identifies the three-dimensional structure 91. Thereby, when it is going to manufacture the some solid modeling thing 91 from which the magnitude | size of the lower part 93 and the protrusion part 95 mutually differs, even if the some solid modeling thing 91 was mixed in the process of removing the support material 97, modeling. It becomes possible to identify each three-dimensional molded item 91 by comparing external shapes based on data. Further, the outer shape determination unit 83 displays the identification result on the display unit 82, for example. The outer shape determination unit 83 displays information related to the determined three-dimensional structure 91 (the size of the protruding portion 95 and the lower portion 93, the type of the electronic component 100, the modeling position on the modeling plate P, and the like). The user or the like can determine the characteristics, usage, and the like of the three-dimensional structure 91 performing the image analysis by looking at the display result of the display unit 82.

  Moreover, the wiring determination unit 84 performs identification by internal observation of the three-dimensional structure 91. For example, the manufacturing apparatus 10 forms the identification wiring 105 on a part of the circuit board 103 built in the three-dimensional structure 91. The wiring 105 has patterns (shapes) different from each other in each of the plurality of three-dimensional structures 91.

  In the mounting process of the circuit board 103, for example, at the stage where the three-dimensional model 91 is modeled up to the protruding portion 95, the modeling plate P on which the plurality of three-dimensional models 91 are placed is replaced with another apparatus (electronic component mounting apparatus or the like). ). Next, the circuit board 103 is mounted on the upper surface of the protruding portion 95 by an electronic component mounting apparatus. Next, the three-dimensional structure 91 on which the circuit board 103 is mounted is carried into the manufacturing apparatus 10 together with the modeling plate P, and a subsequent modeling process is performed. At this time, when the modeling plate P is loaded again, the controller 73 of the manufacturing apparatus 10 models the wiring 105 based on the modeling data in the storage unit 79. The controller 73 discharges the conductive material onto the circuit board 103 by the inkjet head 51 of the head unit 23, and forms the wiring 105 by baking the discharged conductive material with the laser irradiation device 53. After modeling the wiring 105, the controller 73 models the upper part of the three-dimensional model 91 from the protruding portion 95 with an ultraviolet curable resin, and molds the circuit board 103. The manufacturing apparatus 10 may include a device (such as a mounting head) for mounting the circuit board 103 and the electronic component 100.

  In the comparison process based on the internal observation, the wiring 105 is detected by irradiating the plurality of three-dimensional objects 91 after removing the support material 97 with X-rays. For example, the manufacturing apparatus 10 receives data detected by an X-ray irradiation apparatus (not shown) from the external interface 81. The wiring determination unit 84 determines the three-dimensional structure 91 that forms the wiring 105 that matches the detection result received from the X-ray irradiation apparatus based on the modeling data, and identifies the three-dimensional structure 91. When the wiring determination unit 84 displays the identification result on the display unit 82, the user or the like can identify the three-dimensional object 91 under inspection with the X-ray irradiation apparatus from the other three-dimensional object 91. .

  Moreover, the mass determination unit 85 performs identification based on the mass of the three-dimensional structure 91. In the comparison process based on mass, for example, the mass determination unit 85 calculates in advance the mass of each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects based on the modeling data. The mass determination unit 85 calculates the volume of each material (ultraviolet curable resin or conductive material) composing the three-dimensional structure 91 from the cross-sectional shape data of the three-dimensional structure that is set in the modeling data in the storage unit 79. In addition, the mass determination unit 85 calculates the mass of the three-dimensional structure 91 by adding up the values obtained by multiplying the calculated volume for each material by the weight per unit amount of the material to be composed. Next, the mass of each of the plurality of three-dimensional structures 91 from which the support material 97 is removed is measured. As a method of actually measuring the mass, for example, data detected by a measuring device (not shown) may be transmitted to the manufacturing apparatus 10 via the external interface 81. The mass determination unit 85 compares the actual measurement result received from the measurement device with the mass based on the modeling data, and identifies the three-dimensional model 91. When the wiring determination unit 84 displays the identification result on the display unit 82, the user or the like can distinguish the three-dimensional model 91 being measured by the measuring device from the other three-dimensional model 91.

<Second embodiment>
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the first embodiment described above, the support material 97 is removed by immersing a plurality of three-dimensional objects 91 formed on the modeling plate P into the container 101 in a disjointed state (see FIG. 5). On the other hand, in a present Example, the process which removes the support material 97 in the state hold | maintained by the said holding member using the holding member holding the position of the several three-dimensional molded item 91 in a fixed range. Do.

  The holding member 120 shown in FIG. 6 holds the position of each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects 91 to which the support material 97 (see FIG. 4) is fixed within a certain range. FIG. 6 illustrates a state after the support material 97 is removed. The holding member 120 has a frame shape covering the outer periphery of each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects 91 to which the support material 97 is fixed. The holding member 120 does not cover the entire outer periphery of the three-dimensional structure 91, and an opening 123 through which the outer peripheral surface of the three-dimensional structure 91 is exposed is formed.

  Moreover, the holding member 120 is a connection that holds the side surface (the surface facing the other three-dimensional object 91 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction) of the three-dimensional object 91 that is formed on the modeling plate P (see FIG. 3). The parts 125 are connected to each other in the X-axis direction. In the holding member 120, the connecting portions 126 that hold the upper surface of the three-dimensional model 91 are connected to each other in the Y-axis direction. Since the holding member 120 is provided with the two connecting portions 125 and 126, all the positions of the plurality of three-dimensionally shaped objects 91 can be regulated within a certain range so as not to be relatively displaced.

  The holding member 120 is modeled using, for example, an ultraviolet curable resin by a layered modeling method. Thereby, it becomes possible to model the holding member 120 together with the three-dimensional model 91 in a series of steps of additive manufacturing by the manufacturing apparatus 10, and it becomes unnecessary to separately manufacture and prepare the holding member 120. Further, if the modeling data of the three-dimensional model 91 stored in the storage unit 79 is used, the holding member 120 that matches the size of the three-dimensional model 91 can be easily modeled.

  Then, the plurality of three-dimensionally shaped objects 91 held by the holding member 120 are immersed in a container 101 (see FIG. 5) containing a solution for dissolving the support material 97, and stirred to remove the support material 97. The relative positions of the three-dimensional model 91 are held within a certain range by the holding member 120 before and after being immersed in the solution. Further, since the holding member 120 has an opening 123 through which the outer peripheral surface of the three-dimensional structure 91 is exposed, the support material 97 can be removed by the solution introduced from the opening 123. Thereby, even after passing through the process of removing the support material 97, it becomes possible to identify each three-dimensional model 91 by detecting the position of each three-dimensional model 91.

  In addition, the process of detecting the position of each three-dimensional structure 91 may be automatically performed by the manufacturing apparatus 10 or may be determined by a user or the like. When the manufacturing apparatus 10 performs automatically, for example, the holding member 120 and the three-dimensional model 91 after the support member 97 is removed by the user or the like are carried into the base 38 (see FIG. 1) of the manufacturing apparatus 10. To do. When the holding member 120 and the three-dimensional object 91 are carried in, the controller 73 performs image processing or the like on the three-dimensional object 91 at an arbitrary position, for example, the corner position of the three-dimensional object 91 arranged in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. Identify by. The controller 73 can identify each three-dimensional model 91 from the positional relationship with the other three-dimensional model 91 with the position of the identified three-dimensional model 91 as a reference.

  Moreover, when making a user etc. recognize the position of the three-dimensional molded item 91, a mark etc. are provided in the holding member 120, for example. For example, this mark is provided on a part of the holding member 120 that holds the three-dimensional structure 91 at the corners of the three-dimensional structure 91 arranged in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. For example, the controller 73 displays identification information (information for identifying the three-dimensional structure 91 arranged in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction) on the display unit 82 based on the mark of the holding member 120. Thus, the user or the like can identify the plurality of three-dimensional objects 91 by confirming the position of the mark attached to the holding member 120 and referring to the information on the display unit 82. 6 can be formed in a plurality of stages in the Z-axis direction, by forming a plurality of steps of the holding member 120 in the Z-axis direction. Become. Thereby, it becomes possible to manufacture more three-dimensional molded items 91 collectively in a series of manufacturing steps.

  Moreover, the above-described holding member 120 is an example, and the shape and the like can be appropriately changed as long as the position of the three-dimensional structure 91 can be held within a certain range. For example, the holding members 131 and 132 shown in FIG. 7 are made of a solvent-resistant material (such as an ultraviolet curable resin or a metal) with respect to a solution for removing the support material 97. In each of the pair of holding members 131 and 132, cubic column portions 135 formed along the X-axis direction are arranged in parallel at equal intervals in the Y-axis direction. Further, in each of the holding members 131 and 132, cubic column portions 137 formed along the Y-axis direction are arranged in parallel at equal intervals in the X-axis direction so as to intersect with the plurality of column portions 135. . Therefore, the holding members 131 and 132 have a lattice shape when viewed from the Z-axis direction.

  And a pair of holding member 131,132 is opposingly arranged in the state which has arrange | positioned the three-dimensional molded item 91 to which the support material 97 (refer FIG. 4) adhered, for example between Z-axis directions. In such a state, the plurality of three-dimensional objects 91 are held between the holding members 131 and 132, and the positions of the three-dimensional objects 91 are fixed. Even with the holding members 131 and 132 having such a configuration, before and after the step of removing the support material 97, it is possible to hold the plurality of three-dimensional objects 91 within a certain range and detect their positions.

<Third embodiment>
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the identification method of the third embodiment, identification information different from each other is added to each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects 91, and identification is performed by reading the identification information added after the support material 97 is removed. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, different numbers may be attached as identification information 141 to the outer peripheral surfaces of a plurality of three-dimensional objects 91 formed on the modeling plate P. For example, the identification information 141 can be modeled together with the three-dimensional model 91 in a series of manufacturing processes by modeling by the layered modeling method, and the identification information 141 is separately manufactured and prepared. There is no need to equalize.

  The identification information 141 is modeled on each upper surface of the three-dimensional model 91. For example, the user looks at the identification information 141 of the three-dimensional structure 91 after removing the support material 97, operates the display unit 82 of the manufacturing apparatus 10, and inquires the number of the identification information 141. Thus, it becomes possible to identify the individual three-dimensional model 91. Alternatively, the controller 73 of the manufacturing apparatus 10 may detect the identification information 141 by analyzing image data obtained by imaging each three-dimensional model 91 placed on the modeling plate P from above.

  Moreover, the method of adding identification information to the three-dimensional molded item 91 is not limited to the method described above. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a mold part 143 formed in a recessed manner may be formed at a position where each of the three-dimensional model 91 on the modeling plate P is modeled. The mold part 143 is formed in, for example, a shape obtained by reversing numbers from left to right. When the three-dimensional object 91 is formed using the modeling plate P, the ultraviolet curable resin discharged from the nozzle 55 (see FIG. 1) is formed into the mold part when the lower part 93 (see FIG. 3) of the three-dimensional object 91 is formed. 143 will be introduced. Different numbers are modeled in the lower portion 93 of the three-dimensional structure 91 by the three-dimensional structure 91. In such a configuration, unlike the method shown in FIG. 8, there is no need to create modeling data for modeling the identification information, and the three-dimensional model 91 is placed on the part where the mold part 143 is provided. Information that can be identified is formed by modeling.

For example, as shown in FIG. 10, an identification code 145 may be provided as identification information inside the three-dimensional structure 91. The identification code 145 is, for example, an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag. As a result, the individual three-dimensional object 91 can be identified by reading information from the identification code 145 built in by short-range wireless communication or the like for the plurality of three-dimensional objects 91 after the support material 97 is removed. It becomes possible. Further, the identification code 145 is not limited to the RFID tag, and may be a QR (Quick Response) code (registered trademark), an AR (Augmented Reality) code, or the like. For example, the QR code can be detected by irradiating X-rays from the outside of the three-dimensional structure 91. In addition, when a two-dimensional code such as a QR code is used, it is set at a position 2 outside the center of the three-dimensional object 91 with respect to a member such as a circuit board 103 including a metal having a high X-ray absorption rate such as wiring. It is preferable to arrange a dimension code. In addition, it is possible to detect the pattern suitably by forming the pattern of the two-dimensional code using a metal powder having a high X-ray absorption rate.

In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, It is possible to implement in the various aspect which gave various change and improvement based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
For example, in the first embodiment, the controller 73 includes the three determination units 83 to 85. However, the controller 73 may include any one of the determination units 83 to 85.
In the first embodiment, the identification wiring 105 is formed on the circuit board 103 in which the three-dimensional structure 91 is built, but may be formed on other parts (the lower part 93, the protruding part 95, etc.). .
Moreover, the calculation method of the mass based on modeling data by the mass determination part 85 in the said 1st Example is an example, and you may calculate using another calculation formula.

Moreover, the method of removing the support material is not limited to a method of melting using a specific liquid such as water or chemicals, and for example, a method of melting by heat may be used.
Moreover, in the said 3rd Example, you may use combining the identification information 141 shown in FIG. 8, the identification information shape | molded by the mold part 143 shown in FIG. 9, and the identification code 145 shown in FIG.
Moreover, you may use combining each identification method of the said 1st-3rd Example.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Manufacturing apparatus, 83 External shape determination part, 84 Wiring determination part, 85 Mass determination part, 91 Three-dimensional molded item, 97 Support material, 105 Wiring (metal wiring), 120, 131, 132 Holding member, 141 Identification information, 143 Formwork Part (formwork), 145 identification code, P modeling plate (mounting part).

Claims (7)

When manufacturing a plurality of three-dimensional objects by the additive manufacturing method, the three-dimensional object identification method for identifying individual three-dimensional objects,
Providing a support material according to the shape of the three-dimensional structure;
Based on modeling data, modeling a three-dimensional modeled object along the shape of the support material;
Removing the support material from the three-dimensional structure;
Based on the modeling data, at least one of a step of comparing by external shape, a step of comparing by internal observation, and a step of comparing by mass is performed on a plurality of three-dimensional models from which the support material has been removed And identifying the plurality of three-dimensional objects, a method for identifying a three-dimensional object. The step of performing the comparison by the outer shape includes:
Detecting the outer shape of each of the plurality of three-dimensional structures from which the support material has been removed;
The method for identifying a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1, comprising comparing the detected outer shape with an outer shape specified based on the modeling data. The step of performing the comparison by the internal observation includes:
Steps of forming metal wirings different from each other in each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects by the additive manufacturing method in each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects;
Irradiating X-rays to the plurality of three-dimensional objects from which the support material has been removed to detect the metal wiring;
The method for identifying a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1, further comprising: comparing the detected metal wiring with a metal wiring specified based on the modeling data. The step of comparing by mass includes
Calculating the mass of each of the plurality of three-dimensional structures based on the modeling data;
Measuring the mass of each of the plurality of three-dimensional structures from which the support material has been removed;
The method for identifying a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a step of comparing a mass based on the modeling data and a mass obtained by actual measurement. When manufacturing a plurality of three-dimensional objects by the additive manufacturing method, the three-dimensional object identification method for identifying individual three-dimensional objects,
Providing a support material according to the shape of the three-dimensional structure;
Based on modeling data, modeling a three-dimensional modeled object along the shape of the support material;
Providing a holding member that holds the position of each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects to which the support material is adhered within a certain range;
Removing the support material from the three-dimensional structure in a state of being held by the holding member;
Detecting a position of each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects in a state of being held by the holding member.   The method for identifying a three-dimensional object according to claim 5, further comprising a step of forming the holding member that covers the outer periphery of each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects to which the support material is attached by an additive manufacturing method.   The holding member is made of a material having a solvent resistance to a solution for removing the support material, and includes a step of fixing the position of each of the plurality of three-dimensional objects using the holding member. Item 6. A method for identifying a three-dimensional structure according to Item 5.

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