JP6417883B2 - Brushed electric motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a brushed electric motor.

  Conventionally, in an electric motor with a brush, a yoke formed in a cylindrical shape, a field magnet fixed to the inside of the yoke to form a plurality of magnetic poles, and a plurality of coils wound around a core supported by a rotating shaft And a commutator including a plurality of segments that are fixed to the rotating shaft and arranged in the circumferential direction around the rotating shaft (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .

  The end portions of the corresponding windings of the plurality of windings are respectively connected to the plurality of segments. The positive-side contact brush and the negative-side contact brush slide on the plurality of segments as the commutator rotates, and sequentially change the contacting segments among the plurality of segments.

  The positive contact brush and the negative contact brush provide a voltage through segments that contact the plurality of windings. For this reason, a current flows in the plurality of windings based on the voltage applied from the positive contact brush and the negative contact brush, and a rotational force is generated in the armature based on the current and the field magnetic flux generated from the field magnet. To do.

Japanese Patent No. 3999410

  In recent years, increasing the number of magnetic poles of a motor has attracted attention as a technique aimed at reducing the size and cost of the motor. Generally, as the number of magnetic poles increases, the number of contact brushes is required to be the same as the number of magnetic poles. Therefore, as the number of magnetic poles increases, the effect of reducing the physique and cost gradually decreases.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 13, in the electric motor, the windings 1 facing each other with the rotating shaft interposed therebetween are connected with the electric wires 3 via the segments 2, so that the contact brushes 4a, 4b It is conceivable to use a technique such as reducing the number of lines. FIG. 13 shows a development view of the commutator 6 comprising 16 windings 1, 16 segments 2 and 8 electric wires 3.

  Specifically, in the commutator 6, two segments 2 corresponding to the windings 1 facing each other among the 16 segments 2 are connected to each other by the electric wires 3. For example, the winding 1a connected between the 5th segment 2 and the 6th segment 2 and the winding 1b connected between the 13th segment 2 and the 14th segment 2 are rotating shafts. It faces each other across the.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 13, it is assumed that the positive contact brush 4 a is in contact with the fifth segment 2 and the negative contact brush 4 b is in contact with the first segment 2.

  In this case, of the windings 1a and 1b, the winding 1a is located on the positive contact brush 4a side. Therefore, the current is passed from the positive contact brush 4a through the electric wire 3 and the 13th segment 2 to the winding 1b rather than the length of the current path through which the current Ia flows from the positive contact brush 4a through the fifth segment 2 to the winding 1a. The path length of the current path to be passed becomes longer. Therefore, there is a phase difference (time difference) between the current Ia flowing from the positive contact brush 4a to the winding 1a and the current Ib flowing from the positive contact brush 4a to the winding 1b (see FIG. 14).

  That is, of two windings 1 facing each other, two currents facing each other with respect to a current Ia flowing through the winding 1 (hereinafter referred to as brush-side winding 1) located on the contact brush 4a (or 4b) side. The current Ib flowing in the opposite winding 1 facing the brush side winding 1 in the winding 1 is delayed. Therefore, the timing at which the magnetic field is generated in the counter winding 1 is delayed with respect to the timing at which the magnetic field is generated in the brush side winding 1. Accordingly, distortion occurs in the combined magnetic field obtained by combining the magnetic field generated by the counter winding 1 and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 5a and 5b (see FIGS. 15A and 15B).

  In FIG. 15A, K1 indicates a magnetic field generated by the counter winding 1, M1 indicates a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 5a and 5b, and G1 indicates a combined magnetic field obtained by combining the magnetic field K1 and the magnetic field M1. In FIG. 15B, K2 indicates a magnetic field generated by the brush side winding 1, M2 indicates a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 5a and 5b, and G2 indicates a combined magnetic field obtained by combining the magnetic field K2 and the magnetic field M2.

  Such an influence of the distortion of the synthetic magnetic field is slight in an electric motor used at a low input and low rotation, and thus has not been regarded as a problem particularly in an electric motor used in the market.

  However, an electric motor that is used at a high current and high rotation, such as a blower motor, needs to reduce the influence because it causes a decrease in driving efficiency and a deterioration in magnetic vibration noise.

  Usually, the motor mounting case (flange) and air conditioning unit side rigidity is devised (rigidity UP / down), the propagation of magnetic vibration is reduced, and the current flowing through the motor is changed smoothly to reduce magnetic vibration. The technique of reducing is common.

  On the other hand, in order to suppress distortion in the combined magnetic field waveform of the magnetic field generated in the winding 1 and the magnetic field generated in the permanent magnets 5a and 5b due to the induced voltage generated in the winding 1, There is a technique in which the permanent magnets 5a and 5b are arranged at an equal interval with the permanent magnets 5a and 5b shifted by a predetermined angle (denoted as W ° in FIG. 16B) with respect to the switching timing of the contact brushes 4a and 4b. Conceivable. However, this method cannot solve the driving loss of the electric motor due to the current phase difference.

  FIG. 16A shows an electric motor in which the center line T1 of the two windings 1 and the center line T2 of the permanent magnets 5a and 5b coincide. FIG. 16B shows an electric motor in which the center line T2 of the permanent magnets 5a and 5b is shifted from the center line T1 of the winding 1 by an angle W ° in the rotation direction for each permanent magnet. 17A and 17B, K3a and K3b are magnetic fields generated by the winding 1, M3 is a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 5a and 5b, and G3a and G3b are combined magnetic fields. FIG. 17A shows an example in which the magnetic field generated by the winding 1 and the combined magnetic field are distorted in the electric motor of FIG. FIG. 17B shows an example in which distortion is reduced in the magnetic field generated by the winding 1 and the combined magnetic field in the electric motor of FIG.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a brushed electric motor in which the arrangement of permanent magnets is devised to reduce the distortion of the combined magnetic field.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there are provided four or more magnets (50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f) arranged in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis (30). )When,
It has a plurality of windings (42) fixed to the rotating shaft and arranged in the circumferential direction, and any two or more windings of the plurality of windings are provided for any two or more windings. A connected armature (40);
Rectification having a plurality of segments (61) fixed to the rotating shaft and arranged in the circumferential direction, to which the end portions of the corresponding windings of the plurality of windings are respectively connected. Child (60),
First and second brushes (70a, 70b) that sequentially contact the plurality of segments as the rotation shaft rotates and apply voltages to the plurality of windings through the respective segments that come into contact with each other,
An electric motor with a brush that generates a rotational force in an armature by a current flowing through a plurality of windings based on a voltage and a magnetic field generated by four or more magnets,
Of the plurality of windings, the winding connected to the segment in contact with one of the first and second brushes is the brush side winding, and the winding connected to the brush side winding is the connection winding. When a magnetic field obtained by combining a magnetic field generated by four or more magnets and a magnetic field generated by a connection winding is used as a combined magnetic field,
Among the four or more magnets, the first corresponding magnets (50a, 50b) corresponding to the brush side winding are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction,
Among the four or more magnets, a plurality of second corresponding magnets (50c to 50f) corresponding to the connection windings are arranged in the circumferential direction,
An interval between the first corresponding magnets (50a, 50b) arranged so as to be adjacent to each other and an interval between two adjacent second corresponding magnets among the plurality of second corresponding magnets (50c to 50f) Are the same,
The first corresponding magnets (50a, 50b) are arranged so as to be deviated from the brush side windings by the first angle (Y °) in the rotation direction of the rotating shaft for each brush side winding,
The second corresponding magnets (50c to 50f) are arranged so as to be shifted by a second angle (Z °, X °) in the rotational direction with respect to the connection winding for each connection winding,
The second angle is larger than the first angle in order to correct the distortion of the combined magnetic field caused by the phase difference between the current flowing in the brush side winding and the current flowing in the connection winding. And

  As described above, it is possible to reduce the distortion of the combined magnetic field obtained by combining the magnetic field generated by the connection winding and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet.

  In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each means described in this column and the claim shows the correspondence with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.

It is the figure which looked at the internal structure of the electric motor with a brush in 1st Embodiment of this invention from the axial direction. It is a figure which shows the armature and commutator of FIG. It is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of a coil | winding, a permanent magnet, and a contact brush in the internal structure of the electric motor with a brush of FIG. FIG. 2 is a development view of a commutator in the internal configuration of the brushed electric motor of FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of a coil | winding, a permanent magnet, and a contact brush in the internal structure of the electric motor with a brush of FIG. It is a figure which shows the synthetic | combination magnetic field G4 which synthesize | combined the magnetic field K4 which generate | occur | produces with a coil | winding, the magnetic field M4 which generate | occur | produces with a permanent magnet, and the magnetic fields K4 and M4. It is a schematic diagram which shows the electric current which flows into two coils which mutually face from a contact brush. It is a figure which shows the synthetic | combination magnetic field G5 which synthesize | combined the magnetic field K5 generate | occur | produced by a coil | winding, the magnetic field M5 generated by a permanent magnet, and the magnetic fields K5 and M5. It is a figure which shows the internal structure of the electric motor with a brush in a comparative example. It is a figure which shows the internal structure of the electric motor with a brush in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of a commutator in the internal structure of the electric motor with a brush of FIG. It is a figure which shows the magnetic fields K6 and K7 which generate | occur | produce with a coil | winding, the magnetic fields M6 and M7 which generate | occur | produce with a permanent magnet, and the synthetic | combination magnetic fields G6 and G7. It is an expanded view of the commutator of the electric motor as a comparative example. It is a figure which shows the phase difference between the electric current which flows into a brush side coil | winding, and the electric current which flows into an opposing coil | winding in the electric motor as a comparative example. (A) It is a figure which shows the synthetic | combination magnetic field which synthesize | combined the magnetic field which generate | occur | produces with a counter coil in a comparative example, and the magnetic field which arises by a permanent magnet, (b) It produces by the magnetic field and permanent magnet which are generated by a brush side winding in a comparative example. It is a figure which shows the synthetic | combination magnetic field which synthesize | combined the magnetic field. (A) In a comparative example, a diagram showing an electric motor in which a center line T1 passing through two windings facing each other matches a center line T2 passing through two permanent magnets facing each other, (b) It is a figure which shows the electric motor which center line T2 shifted | deviated angle W degrees with respect to line T1. (A) In a comparative example, the figure which shows the example which has generate | occur | produced the distortion in the synthetic | combination magnetic field which synthesize | combined the magnetic field which generate | occur | produces by the coil | winding, and the magnetic field which generate | occur | produces by a permanent magnet, (b) The distortion of a synthetic | combination magnetic field reduces in a comparative example. It is a figure which shows the example currently performed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, parts that are the same or equivalent to each other are given the same reference numerals in the drawings in order to simplify the description.

(First embodiment)
1 to 4 show a first embodiment of an electric motor 10 with a brush according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the brushed electric motor 10 of the present embodiment includes a casing 20, a rotating shaft 30, an armature 40, permanent magnets 50 a, 50 b, 50 c, 50 d, a commutator 60, Contact brushes 70a and 70b are provided.

  The casing 20 is formed in a cylindrical shape by a magnetic body, and houses the rotating shaft 30, the armature 40, the permanent magnets 50 a, 50 b, 50 c, 50 d, and the commutator 60. The rotating shaft 30 is arranged such that its axis line coincides with the axis line of the casing 20. The casing 20 of the present embodiment constitutes a yoke that allows the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d to pass therethrough.

  The armature 40 includes a core 41 and a plurality of windings 42. The core 41 is comprised from the cylindrical part 41a and the some teeth 41b. The cylindrical portion 41 a is formed in a cylindrical shape with the axis of the rotation shaft 30 as the center. The rotating shaft 30 penetrates through the hollow portion of the cylindrical portion 41a.

  The plurality of teeth 41b protrude from the cylindrical portion 41a to the radially outer side from the radially outer side. The plurality of teeth 41b are arranged at the same interval in the circumferential direction around the axis of the rotating shaft 30. In the present embodiment, 16 teeth 41 b are used for the core 41. The core 41 configured in this way is fixed to the rotating shaft 30.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the plurality of windings 42 are wound around four corresponding teeth 41b among the plurality of teeth 41b. The four teeth 41 b around which the plurality of windings 42 are wound are different for each winding 42.

  In other words, each of the plurality of windings 42 is wound around the center line T1 (see FIG. 2). That is, the center line T1 is a virtual line connecting the center line of the rotating shaft 30 and the center of the winding 42 in the circumferential direction. The center line T1 for each winding 42 is arranged in the circumferential direction with the axis of the rotating shaft 30 as the center. Thereby, the plurality of windings 42 are arranged in the circumferential direction around the axis of the rotating shaft 30.

  The number of the plurality of windings 42 in the present embodiment is an even number, and the two windings 42 that form a pair among the plurality of windings 42 face each other with the rotating shaft 30 interposed therebetween. As described above, the armature 40 is fixed to the rotating shaft 30. In the present embodiment, the plurality of windings 42 are wound so as to be rectangular when viewed from the direction in which the center line T1 extends (ie, radially outward) (see FIG. 2).

  The permanent magnets 50 a, 50 b, 50 c, and 50 d are respectively disposed on the inner peripheral side of the casing 20 and on the radially outer side with respect to the armature 40. The permanent magnets 50 a, 50 b, 50 c, and 50 d are arranged in a circumferential direction around the axis of the rotating shaft 30.

  The permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d are fixed to the inner periphery of the casing 20, respectively. The permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d form magnetic poles so that the N pole and the S pole are alternately arranged in the circular direction. The permanent magnets 50 a, 50 b, 50 c, and 50 d are each formed in an arc shape centered on the axis of the rotating shaft 30. The arrangement relationship between the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d and the plurality of windings 42 will be described later.

  The commutator 60 is disposed on one side in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 30 with respect to the armature 40. The commutator 60 is fixed to the rotating shaft 30. The commutator 60 includes a plurality of segments 61. Each of the plurality of segments 61 is formed in a long plate shape from a conductive metal material or the like. The plurality of segments 61 are arranged in the circumferential direction around the axis of the rotating shaft 30 with the respective plate surfaces facing radially outward.

  The commutator 60 of the present embodiment includes 16 segments 61. As shown in FIG. 4, between the two adjacent segments 61 among the plurality of segments 61, the corresponding winding 42 among the plurality of windings 42 is connected to each of the two adjacent segments 61. Has been. FIG. 4 shows a state in which 16 segments 61 that are actually arranged in the circumferential direction are expanded and the 16 segments 61 are arranged in a line.

  Between the two segments 61 facing each other across the rotating shaft 30 among the plurality of segments 61, the two segments 61 facing each other are connected by an electric wire 62. As a result, the end portions of the two windings 42 facing each other across the rotating shaft 30 among the plurality of windings 42 are connected to the two facing windings 42 via the electric wires 62. FIG. 4 shows an example in which eight electric wires 62 are used.

  The contact brushes 70a and 70b are disposed with an offset of a predetermined angle (for example, 90 °) about the axis of the rotary shaft 30. The contact brushes 70 a and 70 b are supported by the casing 20. The contact brushes 70 a and 70 b are in contact with one or two segments 61 of the plurality of segments 61, respectively. As will be described later, the contact brushes 70a and 70b apply a voltage to the plurality of windings 42 via the segments 61 that contact each other.

  Next, in the present embodiment, the arrangement relationship between the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d and the plurality of windings 42 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the brush-side winding whose end portion is connected to the segment 61 in contact with the contact brush 70a among the plurality of segments 61 is referred to as a winding 42a, and the wiring is opposed to the winding 42a via the rotary shaft 30. The winding is referred to as winding 42c. For this reason, the windings 42a and 42c are connected.

  The brush-side winding whose end is connected to the segment 61 with which the contact brush 70b is in contact among the plurality of segments 61 is referred to as a winding 42b, and the connection winding is opposed to the winding 42 via the rotating shaft 30. Is the winding 42d. For this reason, the windings 42b and 42d are connected.

  Of the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d, the permanent magnet (first corresponding magnet) corresponding to the winding 42a is referred to as a permanent magnet 50a. Of the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d, a permanent magnet (second corresponding magnet) corresponding to the winding 42c is referred to as a permanent magnet 50c. Of the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d, a permanent magnet (first corresponding magnet) corresponding to the winding 42b is referred to as a permanent magnet 50b. Of the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d, a permanent magnet (second corresponding magnet) corresponding to the winding 42d is defined as a permanent magnet 50d.

  In the present embodiment, the permanent magnets 50a to 50d are arranged at positions overlapping with the windings (42a to 42d) when viewed from the radially outer side (radial direction) around the rotation shaft 30. Is a permanent magnet corresponding to the winding for each winding. More specifically, among the permanent magnets 50a to 50d, permanent magnets arranged at positions where the center lines T1 of the windings (42a to 42d) overlap are used for each of the windings. And

  The permanent magnet 50a is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the winding 42a. Specifically, the center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50a is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43a. The center line T2 is an imaginary line that connects the center in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet 50a and the center of rotation of the rotating shaft 30. Hereinafter, the center line T2 of the permanent magnets 50b, 50c, and 50d is also a virtual line connecting the center of the permanent magnet in the circumferential direction and the rotation center of the rotary shaft 30. The center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50b is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43b.

  The center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50c is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Z ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43c. The center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50d is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Z ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43d.

  In the present embodiment configured as described above, the interval Da formed in the rotation direction between the permanent magnets 50a and 50b and the interval Db formed in the rotation direction between the permanent magnets 50c and 50d. Is the same. In FIG. 5, the angle θa between the permanent magnets 50c and 50d and the angle θa between the permanent magnets 50a and 50b are the same.

  The distance Dd formed in the rotation direction between the permanent magnets 50d and 50a and the distance Db formed in the rotation direction between the permanent magnets 50b and 50c are inconsistent. Thereby, the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d are arranged so that the intervals between the permanent magnets arranged in the circumferential direction are not uniform. That is, the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d are arranged so that the intervals between the permanent magnets arranged in the circumferential direction are not equal.

  Here, the angle Y ° is set to compensate for distortion generated in the current waveform flowing in the winding 42a (or 42b). The distortion is a distortion generated in the current waveform due to a dielectric voltage generated in the winding 42a (or 42b) based on a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d.

  The angle Z ° is set to compensate for distortion generated in the current waveform flowing in the winding 42c (or 42d). The distortion is distortion generated in the current waveform due to the phase difference between the dielectric voltage and the current. The dielectric voltage is a dielectric voltage generated in the winding 42c (or 42d) based on the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d. The phase difference between the currents is a phase difference between the current flowing through the winding 42a and the current flowing through the winding 42c. Alternatively, the phase difference of the current is a phase difference between the current flowing through the winding 42b and the current flowing through the winding 42d.

  Here, the angle Z ° is set to be larger than the angle Y °. The angle difference (Z ° −Y °) between the angle Z ° and the angle Y ° is, for example, an angle of 1 ° to 2 °. The angle Z ° is set according to the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 30. The angle Z ° increases as the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 30 increases. For this reason, it is desirable to determine the value of the angle Z ° corresponding to the rotational speed range where reduction of drive loss and magnetic vibration noise is desired.

  Next, the operation of the brushed electric motor 10 of this embodiment will be described.

  First, if the permanent magnets 50a and 50c are N poles and the permanent magnets 50b and 50d are S poles, magnetic flux flows from the permanent magnets 50a and 50c through the plurality of windings 42 to the permanent magnets 50b and 50d. That is, a magnetic field is generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d.

  Next, when the contact brush 70a is connected to the positive electrode of the battery and the contact brush 70b is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the voltage between the contact brushes 70a and 70b is applied to the plurality of windings 42.

  Here, of the plurality of segments 61, the two segments 61 that are opposed to each other with the rotating shaft 30 interposed therebetween are connected for each of the two opposed segments 61. For this reason, the two segments 61 that face each other across the rotating shaft 30 among the plurality of segments 61 have the same potential for each of the two facing segments 61. Therefore, in the plurality of windings 42 and the plurality of segments 61, current paths K1, K2, K3, and K4 through which current flows based on the voltage between the contact brushes 70a and 70b are formed.

  In the current path K1, a current flows in the order of contact brush 70a → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42b → segment 61 → contact brush 70b.

  In the current path K2, a current flows in the order of contact brush 70a → segment 61 → winding 42a → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61a. The segment 61a is a segment that is connected by an electric wire 62 to the segment 61 that is in contact with the contact brush 70b.

  In the current path K3, current flows in the order of segment 61b → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → contact brush 70b. The segment 61b is a segment that is connected by an electric wire 62 to the segment 61 that is in contact with the contact brush 70a.

  In the current path K4, current flows in the order of segment 61b → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61a.

  By forming the current paths K1 to K4 in this way, a current flows through the plurality of windings 42. A rotational force that rotates together with the core 41 and the rotating shaft 30 is generated in the plurality of windings 42. As a result, the armature 40 and the rotating shaft 30 are rotated.

  At this time, when the armature 40 rotates, the segment 61 in contact with the contact brush 70a and the segment 61 in contact with the contact brush 70b are sequentially replaced among the plurality of segments 61. For this reason, the current paths K1 to K4 advance in the circumferential direction. In this way, the contact brushes 70a, 70b, the commutator 60, and the plurality of windings 42 form a rotating magnetic field in a self-controlling manner, so that a rotational force is generated in the armature 40, and the commutator 60, the electric machine The child 40 and the rotating shaft 30 continue to rotate.

  At this time, the permanent magnet 50a is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the winding 42a. For this reason, distortion generated in the current waveform due to the dielectric voltage generated in the winding 42a can be reduced. Thereby, distortion generated in the combined magnetic field G4 obtained by combining the magnetic field K4 (see FIG. 6) generated by the current flowing through the winding 42a and the magnetic field M4 generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d is reduced. It will be.

  The permanent magnet 50b is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the winding 42b. For this reason, distortion generated in the current waveform due to the dielectric voltage generated in the winding 42b can be reduced. Thereby, the distortion which arises in the synthetic | combination magnetic field which synthesize | combined the magnetic field which generate | occur | produces when an electric current flows into the coil | winding 42b, and the magnetic field which generate | occur | produces by permanent magnet 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d is reduced.

  The permanent magnet 50c is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Z ° (> Y °) with respect to the winding 42c. The distortion generated in the current waveform due to the dielectric voltage generated in the winding 42c can be reduced.

  Here, the angle Z ° is larger than the angle Y °. For this reason, although there is a phase difference between the current Ia flowing through the winding 42a and the current Ic flowing from the contact brush 70a into the winding 42c, the magnetic field K5 generated by the current flowing through the winding 42c (see FIG. 7). ) And the magnetic field M5 generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d is reduced.

  The permanent magnet 50d is displaced in the rotation direction by an angle Z ° (> Y °) with respect to the winding 42d. The distortion generated in the current waveform due to the dielectric voltage generated in the winding 42d can be reduced.

  Here, the angle Z ° is larger than the angle Y °. Therefore, although there is a phase difference between the current Ib flowing through the winding 42b and the current Id flowing through the winding 42d, the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the winding 42d and the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, The distortion generated in the combined magnetic field obtained by combining the magnetic field generated by 50d is reduced.

  According to the present embodiment described above, the current flowing in the brush side windings 42a and 42b corresponding to the segment 61 in which the contact brushes 70a and 70b slide among the plurality of windings 42, and the brush side windings 42a and 42b. In order to compensate the phase difference between the currents flowing in the connection windings 42c and 42d connected to each other by the magnetic field generated from the permanent magnets 50a to 50d, the permanent magnets 50a to 50d are two adjacent in the circumferential direction. The spacing between the permanent magnets is uneven.

  Specifically, the permanent magnets 50a and 50b corresponding to the brush side windings 42a and 42b are shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the brush side windings 42a and 42b. The permanent magnets 50c and 50d corresponding to the connection windings 42c and 42d are shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Z ° with respect to the center line T1 of the brush side windings 42c and 42d. Therefore, the distortion which arises in the synthetic | combination magnetic field which synthesize | combined the magnetic field which generate | occur | produces when an electric current flows into the connection winding 42c, 42d, and the magnetic field which generate | occur | produces by permanent magnet 50a-50d is reduced.

  That is, in order to correct the distortion of the synthetic magnetic field due to the phase difference between the current flowing in the brush side winding and the current flowing in the connection winding, the permanent magnets 50a to 50d are arranged in the circumferential direction. It arranges so that the space | interval between two permanent magnets located in a line may not become equal. Therefore, the driving efficiency of the brushed electric motor 10 can be improved.

  Generally, in the brushed electric motor 10, when distortion occurs in the synthetic magnetic field, magnetic vibration noise due to magnetic fluctuations increases. The magnetic vibration sound refers to the casing 20 or the like due to a change in magnetic force generated between the permanent magnets 50a to 50d and the plurality of windings 42 of the armature 40 when the armature 40 rotates together with the rotary shaft 30. It is a vibration generated by stretching and contracting. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as described above, the distortion generated in the synthetic magnetic field is reduced, so that the magnetic vibration noise can be reduced.

(Second Embodiment)
In the said 1st Embodiment, although the example using the 4-pole electric motor 10 was demonstrated as an electric motor with a brush of this invention, it replaces with this and the electric motor with a brush of this invention is replaced with this 2nd Embodiment. As an example, an example using a 6-pole electric motor 10B will be described.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a 6-pole brushed electric motor 10A as a comparative example.

  The electric motor with brush 10A includes contact brushes 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d, 70e, 70f, and permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f.

  The permanent magnets 50 a, 50 b, 50 c, 50 d, 50 e, 50 f are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotating shaft 30. The contact brushes 70 a, 70 b, 70 c, 70 d, 70 e, and 70 f are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotating shaft 30. The contact brushes 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d, 70e, 70f are arranged so as to overlap the corresponding permanent magnets among the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f.

  Specifically, the contact brushes 70a to 70f are arranged so as to overlap the center line T1 of the windings that are in contact with each other among the plurality of windings 42. The contact brushes 70 a to 70 f are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotation shaft 30.

  Here, the center line T <b> 1 is an imaginary line that connects the rotation center of the rotating shaft 30 and the center of the winding 42 in the circumferential direction for each winding 42. The center line T2 is an imaginary line connecting the rotation center of the rotating shaft 30 and the center of the permanent magnet in the circumferential direction for each permanent magnet.

  Among the plurality of windings 42, the center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50a is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43a corresponding to the permanent magnet 50a. The winding 43a is a winding whose end is connected to the segment 61 with which the contact brush 70a contacts.

  Of the plurality of windings 42, the center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50b is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43b corresponding to the permanent magnet 50b. The winding 43b is a winding whose end is connected to the segment 61 with which the contact brush 70b comes into contact.

  Among the plurality of windings 42, the center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50c is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43c corresponding to the permanent magnet 50c. The winding 43c is a winding whose end is connected to the segment 61 with which the contact brush 70c comes into contact.

  Among the plurality of windings 42, the center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50d is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43d corresponding to the permanent magnet 50d. The winding 43d is a winding whose end is connected to the segment 61 with which the contact brush 70d contacts.

  Among the plurality of windings 42, the center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50e is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43e corresponding to the permanent magnet 50e. The winding 43e is a winding whose end is connected to the segment 61 with which the contact brush 70e contacts.

  Among the plurality of windings 42, the center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50f is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43f corresponding to the permanent magnet 50f. The winding 43f is a winding whose end is connected to the segment 61 with which the contact brush 70f contacts.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, the brushed electric motor 10 </ b> B of the present embodiment is obtained by deleting the four contact brushes 70 c, 70 d, 70 e, and 70 f from the brushed electric motor 10 </ b> A of FIG. 9.

  In the electric motor with brush 10B of the present embodiment, instead of the four deleted contact brushes, as shown in FIG. 11, three segments 61 out of a plurality of segments 61 are connected by electric wires 62 for each of the three segments 61. Has been. The three segments 61 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotation shaft 30 for each of the three segments 61. Accordingly, three windings 42 among the plurality of windings 42 are connected to the three windings 42 via the electric wires 62 and the segments 61. The three windings 42 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotating shaft 30 for each of the three windings 42.

  That is, if the winding whose end is connected to the segment 61 with which the contact brush 70a contacts is the winding 43a, the windings 43a, 43c, and 43e are connected by the electric wire 62 (61a). If the winding whose end is connected to the segment 61 with which the contact brush 70b contacts is a winding 43b, the windings 43b, 43d and 43f are connected by an electric wire 62 (61a). Hereinafter, the windings 43a and 43b are also referred to as brush side windings. The windings 43c, 43d, 43e, and 43f are also referred to as connection windings.

  In the present embodiment, the number of the plurality of windings 42 is a multiple of three. In the brushed electric motor 10B of FIG. 11, 18 windings 42 and 18 segments are used.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50a is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43a, as in the comparative example of FIG. The center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50b is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43b.

  The center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50c is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle X ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43c. The center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50d is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle X ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43d. The center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50e is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43e. The center line T2 of the permanent magnet 50f is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the center line T1 of the winding 43f.

  In this embodiment, it arrange | positions in the position which overlaps when it sees from a radial direction outer side with respect to the coil | windings (43a-43f) among permanent magnets 50a-50f, and is arrange | positioned in the rotation direction with respect to the said coil. The permanent magnets used are the permanent magnets corresponding to the windings for each winding. More specifically, among the permanent magnets 50a to 50f, permanent magnets that are arranged at positions where the center lines T1 of the windings (43a to 43f) overlap each other are permanent magnets corresponding to the windings. And Therefore, the permanent magnet 50a is a first corresponding magnet corresponding to the brush side winding 43a, and the permanent magnet 50b is a first corresponding magnet corresponding to the brush side winding 43b. The permanent magnet 50c is a second corresponding magnet corresponding to the connection winding 43c. The permanent magnet 50d is a second corresponding magnet corresponding to the connection winding 43d. The permanent magnet 50e is a second corresponding magnet corresponding to the connection winding 43e. The permanent magnet 50f is a second corresponding magnet corresponding to the connection winding 43f.

  Here, the interval formed in the rotation direction between the permanent magnets 50a and 50b is F1, the interval formed in the rotation direction between the permanent magnets 50c and 50d is F2, and between the permanent magnets 50d and 50e. When the interval formed in the rotation direction at F3 is F3 and the interval formed in the rotation direction between the permanent magnets 50e and 50f is F4, the intervals F1, F2, F3, and F4 are the same (F1 = F2 = F3 = F4). If the interval formed in the rotation direction between the permanent magnets 50b and 50c is F5 and the interval formed in the rotation direction between the permanent magnets 50f and 50a is F6, the interval F5 and the interval F6 are inconsistent. Yes (F5 ≠ F6). In this way, the permanent magnets 50a to 50f are arranged so that the intervals between the two permanent magnets arranged in the circumferential direction are not uniform.

  That is, the permanent magnets 50a to 50f are arranged so that the distance between the two permanent magnets arranged in the circumferential direction is not uniform.

  Here, the angle X ° is similar to the angle Z ° in the first embodiment in order to compensate for distortion generated in the current waveform flowing in any one of the windings 43c, 43d, 43e, and 43f. Is set. The distortion is distortion generated in the current waveform due to the phase difference between the dielectric voltage and the current. The dielectric voltage is a dielectric voltage generated in the connection windings (43c, 43d, 43e, 43f) based on the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 50a to 50d. The phase difference between the currents is a phase difference between the current flowing through the connection windings (43c, 43d, 43e, 43f) and the current flowing through the brush side windings (43a, 43b).

  Here, the angle X ° is set to an angle larger than the angle Y °. In this embodiment, the angle difference (X ° −Y °) between the angle X ° and the angle Y ° is, for example, an angle of 1 ° to 2 °. The angle X ° is set according to the rotation speed of the rotation shaft 30. For this reason, it is desirable to determine the value of the angle X ° corresponding to the rotational speed range where reduction of drive loss and magnetic vibration noise is desired.

  In FIG. 10, the angle θb between the permanent magnets 50a and 50b, the angle θb between the permanent magnets 50c and 50d, the angle θb between the permanent magnets 50d and 50e, and the angle θb between the permanent magnets 50e and 50f. Are the same.

  Next, the operation of the brushed electric motor 10 of this embodiment will be described.

  First, if the permanent magnets 50a, 50c, and 50e are N poles and the permanent magnets 50b, 50d, and 50f are S poles, the permanent magnets 50b, 50d, Magnetic flux flows through 50f. That is, a magnetic field is generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, and 50f.

  Next, when the contact brush 70a is connected to the positive electrode of the battery and the contact brush 70b is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the voltage between the contact brushes 70a and 70b is applied to the plurality of windings 42.

  Here, among the plurality of segments 61, the three segments 61 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction are connected by electric wires 62 for each of the three segments 61. Therefore, the three segments 61 among the plurality of segments 61 have the same potential for each of the three segments 61. Therefore, in the plurality of windings 42 and the plurality of segments 61, current paths S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6 through which a current flows based on the voltage between the contact brushes 70a and 70b are formed.

  In the current path S1, a current flows in the order of contact brush 70a → segment 61a → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61b → contact brush 70b. The segment 61a is a segment in contact with the contact brush 70a. The segment 61b is a segment in contact with the contact brush 70b.

  In the current path S2, current flows in the order of segment 61a → winding 42 (43a) → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61f. The segment 61f is a segment that is connected by an electric wire 62 to the segment 61 that is in contact with the contact brush 70b.

  In the current path S3, current flows in the order of segment 61c → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61f. The segment 61c is a segment connected by the electric wire 62 to the segment 61a with which the contact brush 70a is in contact.

  In the current path S4, current flows in the order of segment 61c → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61e. The segment 61e is a segment connected by the electric wire 62 with respect to the segment 61 with which the contact brush 70b is contacting.

  In the current path S5, current flows in the order of segment 61d → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61e. The segment 61d is a segment that is connected by an electric wire 62 to the segment 61 that is in contact with the contact brush 70a.

  In the current path S6, current flows in the order of segment 61d → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 → segment 61 → winding 42 segment 61b → contact brush 70a.

  By forming the current paths S1 to S6 in this way, a current flows through the plurality of windings 42. A rotational force that rotates together with the core 41 and the rotating shaft 30 is generated in the plurality of windings 42. As a result, the armature 40 and the rotating shaft 30 are rotated.

  At this time, when the armature 40 rotates, the segment 61 in contact with the contact brush 70a and the segment 61 in contact with the contact brush 70b are sequentially replaced among the plurality of segments 61. Therefore, the current paths S1 to S6 advance in the circumferential direction. In this way, the contact brushes 70a, 70b, the commutator 60, and the plurality of windings 42 form a rotating magnetic field in a self-controlling manner, so that a rotational force is generated in the armature 40, and the commutator 60, the electric machine The child 40 and the rotating shaft 30 continue to rotate.

  At this time, the permanent magnet 50a is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the winding 43a. For this reason, distortion generated in the current waveform due to the dielectric voltage generated in the winding 43a can be reduced. Thereby, the distortion which arises in the synthetic | combination magnetic field G6 which synthesize | combined the magnetic field S6 (refer Fig.12 (a)) which generate | occur | produces when an electric current flows into the coil | winding 43a, and the magnetic field M6 which generate | occur | produces with permanent magnet 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d. Will be reduced.

  The permanent magnet 50b is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the winding 43b. For this reason, as in the case of the winding 43a, distortion generated in the combined magnetic field obtained by combining the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the winding 43b and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d is reduced. Will be.

  The permanent magnet 50c is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle X ° (> Y °) with respect to the winding 43c. The distortion generated in the current waveform due to the dielectric voltage generated in the winding 43c can be reduced.

  Here, the angle X ° is larger than the angle Y °. For this reason, although there is a phase difference between the current Ia flowing through the winding 43a and the current Ic flowing from the contact brush 70a into the winding 43c, the magnetic field K7 (FIG. 12 (FIG. 12) generated by the current flowing through the winding 43c. The distortion generated in the combined magnetic field G7 obtained by combining the magnetic fields M7 generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d) is reduced. FIG. 12B shows the magnetic fields G7, K7, and M6 in the comparative example, and FIG. 12C shows the magnetic fields G7, K7, and M6 in the present embodiment.

  The permanent magnet 50d is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle X ° with respect to the winding 43d. For this reason, as in the case of the winding 43c, the distortion generated in the combined magnetic field obtained by combining the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the winding 43d and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d is reduced. Will be.

  The permanent magnet 50e is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle X ° with respect to the winding 43e. For this reason, similarly to the case of the winding 43c, the distortion generated in the combined magnetic field obtained by combining the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the winding 43e and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d is reduced. Will be.

  The permanent magnet 50f is shifted in the rotation direction by an angle X ° with respect to the winding 43f. For this reason, as in the case of the winding 43c, distortion generated in the combined magnetic field obtained by combining the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the winding 43f and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d is reduced. Will be.

  According to the present embodiment described above, the permanent magnets 50a and 50b are shifted in the rotation direction by an angle Y ° with respect to the corresponding winding among the windings 43a and 43b. The permanent magnets 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f are shifted in the rotation direction by an angle X ° with respect to the corresponding winding among the windings 43c, 43d, 43e, 43f. The angle X ° is larger than the angle Y °. For this reason, in order to compensate for the phase difference between the current flowing through the brush side windings (43a, 43b) and the current flowing through the connection windings (43c, 43d, 43e, 43f) by the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 50a to 50f. In addition, the permanent magnets 50a to 50f are arranged so that the distance between two adjacent permanent magnets becomes uneven.

  That is, a magnetic field obtained by synthesizing a magnetic field generated from the permanent magnets 50a to 50f and a magnetic field generated by the connection winding is defined as a combined magnetic field. In order to correct the distortion of the synthetic magnetic field due to the phase difference between the current flowing in the brush side winding and the current flowing in the connection winding, the permanent magnets 50a to 50f are arranged in the circumferential direction. It arranges so that the space | interval between two permanent magnets may not become equal.

  As a result, the distortion generated in the combined magnetic field obtained by combining the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the connection windings (43c, 43d, 43e, 43f) and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d is reduced. The Therefore, it is possible to improve the driving efficiency of the brushed electric motor 10 and reduce the occurrence of magnetic vibration noise due to magnetic fluctuations.

(Other embodiments)
In the first and second embodiments, the example in which the number of magnetic poles of the brushed electric motor 10 (10A) of the present invention is set to “4” and “6” has been described. Instead, the brush of the present invention is used. The number of magnetic poles of the attached electric motor 10 (10A) may be eight or more.

  In the first embodiment, the total number Na (= 4) of the brush side windings 42a and 42b and the connection windings 42c and 42d and the total number of permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50dNb (= 4) are obtained. Although the example which corresponds is demonstrated, not only this but total number Na which added brush side winding 42a, 42b and connection winding 42c, 42d and total number Nb of permanent magnet 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d do not correspond. You may comprise the electric motor 10 with a brush of this invention so that it may become.

  Here, the brush-side windings 42 a and 42 b mean windings whose end portions are connected to the segment 61 with which the contact brushes 70 a and 70 b are in contact among the plurality of segments 61. The connection windings 42c and 42d mean windings connected to the brush side windings 42a and 42b.

  Similarly, in the second embodiment, the total number of the brush side windings 43a, 43b and the connection windings 43c, 43d, 43e, 43f, and the total number of the permanent magnets 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f. And the brushed electric motor 10B of the present invention may be configured so as to be inconsistent with each other.

  In the first embodiment, the total number of permanent magnets is four, and in the second embodiment, the total number of permanent magnets is six. However, instead of this, eight or more permanent magnets are used. The electric motor with brush 10 (10B) of the present invention may be configured.

  In the first embodiment, the description has been given of the example in which the two windings 42 facing each other via the rotating shaft 30 are connected via the segment 61, but instead of this, the two windings 42 facing each other are connected. The direct connection may be made regardless of the segment 61.

  Similarly, in the second embodiment, three windings 42 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction may be directly connected regardless of the segment 61.

  In the first embodiment, an example in which two windings 42 among the plurality of windings 42 are connected will be described. In the second embodiment, an example in which three windings 42 among the plurality of windings 42 are connected. However, instead of this, four or more windings 42 of the plurality of windings 42 may be connected.

  In the first embodiment, an example in which four windings 42 are interposed between the contact brushes 70a and 70b will be described. In the second embodiment, three windings 42 are interposed between the contact brushes 70a and 70b. Instead of this, the brushed electric motor 10 (10B) of the present invention may be configured so that five or more windings 42 are interposed between the contact brushes 70a and 70b.

  In the second embodiment, the example in which the three windings 42 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction among the plurality of windings 42 are connected has been described. However, in the plurality of windings 42, Three windings in which the distance between two adjacent windings becomes uneven may be connected.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, In the range described in the claim, it can change suitably. Further, the above embodiments are not irrelevant to each other, and can be combined as appropriate unless the combination is clearly impossible. In each of the above-described embodiments, it is needless to say that elements constituting the embodiment are not necessarily essential unless explicitly stated as essential and clearly considered essential in principle. Yes.

10, 10B Electric motor with brush 20 Casing 30 Rotating shaft 40 Armature 41 Core 41
42 Winding 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f Permanent magnet 60 Commutator 61 Segment 62 Electric wire 70a, 70b Contact brush

Claims (3)

Four or more magnets (50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f) arranged in a circumferential direction around the rotation axis (30);
It has a plurality of windings (42) fixed to the rotating shaft and arranged in the circumferential direction, and any two or more windings of the plurality of windings are any two or more of the windings An armature (40) connected for each winding of
A plurality of segments (61) fixed to the rotating shaft and arranged in the circumferential direction are provided, and the end portions of the corresponding windings of the plurality of windings are respectively connected to the plurality of segments. The commutator (60) being used;
First and second brushes (70a, 70b) that sequentially contact the plurality of segments as the rotation shaft rotates and apply voltages to the plurality of windings through the contacting segments, respectively. Prepared,
A brushed electric motor in which a rotational force is generated in the armature by a current flowing in the plurality of windings based on the voltage and a magnetic field generated by the four or more magnets;
Of the plurality of windings, a winding connected to a segment in contact with one of the first and second brushes is a brush-side winding, and a winding connected to the brush-side winding is connected. When the combined magnetic field is a magnetic field generated by combining the magnetic field generated by the four or more magnets and the magnetic field generated by the connection winding,
Among the four or more magnets, the first corresponding magnets (50a, 50b) corresponding to the brush side winding are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction,
Among the four or more magnets, a plurality of second corresponding magnets (50c to 50f) corresponding to the connection windings are arranged in the circumferential direction,
An interval between the first corresponding magnets (50a, 50b) arranged so as to be adjacent to each other, and between two adjacent second corresponding magnets among the plurality of second corresponding magnets (50c to 50f). The interval is the same,
The first corresponding magnets (50a, 50b) are arranged so as to be shifted from the brush side winding by a first angle (Y °) in the rotation direction of the rotary shaft for each brush side winding,
The second corresponding magnets (50c to 50f) are arranged for each of the connection windings so as to be shifted by a second angle (Z °, X °) in the rotation direction with respect to the connection windings,
In order to correct distortion of the composite magnetic field due to a phase difference between the current flowing in the brush side winding and the current flowing in the connection winding, the second angle is larger than the first angle. electric motor with brush, characterized by that. Among the plurality of windings, according to claim 1, wherein the two windings opposite to each other with respect to the rotation axis, each two windings facing each other across the rotary shaft, characterized in that it is the connection An electric motor with a brush as described in 1. The three or more windings of the plurality of windings, wherein each three or more windings, electric motor with brushes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is the connection.

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