JP6405745B2 - Method for producing lithium difluorophosphate - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing lithium difluorophosphate.

Non-aqueous electrolytes made by dissolving lithium salts in organic solvents are used as electrolytes for lithium secondary batteries. The decomposition and side reactions of these non-aqueous electrolytes affect the performance of lithium secondary batteries. Therefore, attempts have been made to improve cycle life and storage performance by mixing various additives with the non-aqueous electrolyte. Lithium difluorophosphate is a useful compound as such an additive.

Conventionally, lithium difluorophosphate has been produced by a production method using LiPF ₆ as a raw material, a method of reacting P ₂ O ₅ or hydrogen fluoride with various lithium salts at once, a production method using HPO ₂ F ₂ and LiCl, and the like. It was. However, LiPF ₆ is expensive and there is room for improvement in terms of production cost. Further, the method of reacting P ₂ O ₅ or hydrogen fluoride with various lithium salts at a time has a problem that impurities such as LiF, LiHPO ₃ F, and metal are contained in a large amount. Furthermore, in the production method using HPO ₂ F ₂ and LiCl, a chlorine content is contained.

Under such circumstances, it is desired to easily produce a high-purity difluorophosphate. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or onium halogen salts, carbonates, After reacting at least one raw material salt selected from phosphates, hydroxides and oxides with difluorophosphoric acid in difluorophosphoric acid, the precipitate deposited by crystallization operation in the difluorophosphoric acid is obtained. Disclosed is a method for producing a difluorophosphate characterized in that the difluorophosphate is obtained by solid-liquid separation from difluorophosphoric acid and distilling off the difluorophosphoric acid contained in the precipitate.

JP 2012-51752 A

However, in the production method described in Patent Document 1, a high-purity lithium difluorophosphate is produced because the obtained difluorophosphate contains a large amount of acid and it is difficult to remove the acid. I couldn't.

This invention is made | formed in view of the said present condition, and aims at providing the method of manufacturing high purity lithium difluorophosphate. Another object of the present invention is to produce higher-purity difluorophosphoric acid.

As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, when a lithium source and difluorophosphoric acid are reacted, a high-purity lithium difluorophosphate can be produced by making the lithium source excessively present relative to difluorophosphoric acid. It was found.

That is, the present invention includes a step of adding difluorophosphoric acid to a lithium source and a step of reacting difluorophosphoric acid and a lithium source, and the amount of the lithium source is converted to a lithium atom relative to difluorophosphoric acid. The lithium source is at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide, and is a method for producing lithium difluorophosphate.

The lithium source is preferably lithium carbonate.

The step of reacting the difluorophosphoric acid with the lithium source is preferably performed in the presence of an organic solvent.

The organic solvent is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl carbonates and alkyl ethers.

The method for producing lithium difluorophosphate of the present invention preferably further includes a step of purifying a product containing lithium difluorophosphate obtained by reacting difluorophosphoric acid with a lithium source.

The present invention is also a method for producing difluorophosphoric acid, which comprises a step of reacting an oxoacid of phosphorus with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of phosphorus oxyhalide.

The phosphorus oxyhalide is preferably phosphorus oxychloride.

The phosphorus oxo acid is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of phosphorus pentoxide, orthophosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, and phosphoric acid, and is composed of orthophosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, and phosphoric acid. More preferably, it is at least one selected from the group.

The method for producing difluorophosphoric acid of the present invention preferably further includes a step of distilling the product obtained by the step of reacting the phosphorus oxo acid with hydrogen fluoride.

Since the manufacturing method of the lithium difluorophosphate of this invention has the said structure, it can manufacture high purity lithium difluorophosphate. The method for producing difluorophosphoric acid of the present invention can produce difluorophosphoric acid with higher purity by having the above-described configuration.

The method for producing lithium difluorophosphate of the present invention includes a step of adding difluorophosphoric acid to a lithium source and a step of reacting difluorophosphoric acid and a lithium source, and the amount of the lithium source is difluorophosphoric acid The lithium source is at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide.
The method for producing lithium difluorophosphate of the present invention can use raw materials that are inexpensive and easy to handle, produces only harmless substances as by-products, and can produce high-purity lithium difluorophosphate.
Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the lithium difluorophosphate of this invention is demonstrated in detail.

The method for producing lithium difluorophosphate of the present invention includes a step of adding difluorophosphoric acid to a lithium source.
Examples of the method of adding difluorophosphoric acid to the lithium source include a method of charging the lithium source by dropping the lithium source into the reaction vessel and then dropping the difluorophosphoric acid into the reaction vessel.
In the method in which difluorophosphoric acid is charged into the reaction vessel after the lithium source is charged into the reaction vessel, the difluorophosphoric acid may be charged into the reaction vessel all at once after the lithium source is charged into the reaction vessel. However, it may be divided and input.
As described in Patent Document 1, when a lithium source is added to excess difluorophosphoric acid, unreacted difluorophosphoric acid reacts with water produced as a by-product to cause hydrolysis. Therefore, it is preferable to add difluorophosphoric acid dropwise to an excess lithium source so as not to leave difluorophosphoric acid.

The difluorophosphoric acid preferably has a high purity because it can produce a higher purity lithium difluorophosphate. The purity of difluorophosphoric acid is preferably 99% or more, and more preferably 99.98% or more.
The purity can be measured by analyzing with ¹⁹ F-NMR and ³¹ P-NMR.
The difluorophosphoric acid is preferably obtained by the method for producing difluorophosphoric acid described later. That is, a process obtained by reacting phosphorus oxoacid with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of phosphorus oxyhalide, and if necessary, further reacting phosphorus oxoacid with hydrogen fluoride. Difluorophosphoric acid obtained by a production method including a step of distilling the product is preferable. By using the difluorophosphoric acid obtained by such a production method, higher purity lithium difluorophosphate can be produced.

The amount of the lithium source is 1.5 molar equivalents or more in terms of lithium atoms with respect to difluorophosphoric acid. As described above, by reacting difluorophosphoric acid in an extremely excessive amount of lithium source, the acid content derived from difluorophosphoric acid can be reduced, and high-purity lithium difluorophosphate can be obtained.
Since higher purity lithium difluorophosphate can be obtained, the amount of the lithium source is preferably 2.0 molar equivalents or more in terms of lithium atoms with respect to difluorophosphoric acid. If the amount of unreacted lithium source increases, the efficiency of separation from lithium difluorophosphate may be impaired. Therefore, the amount of the lithium source is 3. It is preferably 0 molar equivalent or less, and more preferably 2.5 molar equivalent or less.

The lithium source is at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium carbonate (Li ₂ CO ₃ ) and lithium hydroxide (LiOH). By selecting the specific lithium source, it is possible to prevent the generation of impurities derived from chlorine and the like, and to obtain lithium difluorophosphate with higher purity.
Since the lithium difluorophosphate having higher purity can be obtained, the lithium source is preferably lithium carbonate.

The method for producing lithium difluorophosphate of the present invention includes a step of reacting difluorophosphoric acid with a lithium source. The reaction between the difluorophosphoric acid and the lithium source sufficiently reacts even at room temperature (about 25 ° C.), but an operation such as heating may be performed. Further, the difluorophosphoric acid and the lithium source may be stirred.
Although the temperature of the said reaction is not specifically limited, Usually, it carries out at 0-100 degreeC. Moreover, reaction time is 1 to 10 hours normally.

The reaction between the difluorophosphoric acid and the lithium source is preferably performed in the presence of an organic solvent. By performing the above reaction in the presence of an organic solvent, lithium difluorophosphate can be produced in high yield.
When the reaction is carried out in the presence of an organic solvent, the method for producing lithium difluorophosphate of the present invention usually includes a step of adding an organic solvent to the lithium source before the step of adding difluorophosphoric acid.

The organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not react with difluorophosphoric acid and a lithium source, but is preferably an organic solvent that dissolves lithium difluorophosphate.
Examples of the organic solvent include esters such as alkyl carbonates, ethers such as alkyl ethers, alcohols, and the like.
Examples of the alkyl carbonate include ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and the like.
Examples of the alkyl ether include dimethoxyethane and tetrahydrofuran.
Since the higher-purity lithium difluorophosphate can be obtained, the organic solvent is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl carbonates and alkyl ethers.

Since high purity lithium difluorophosphate can be produced with a higher yield, the amount of the organic solvent is preferably 300 to 2000 parts by mass, more preferably 100 parts by mass of difluorophosphate. Is 700 to 1000 parts by mass.

The reaction between the difluorophosphoric acid and the lithium source is more preferably performed in the presence of an organic solvent and water. The yield can be improved by coexisting an organic solvent and water and increasing the solubility.
Since high purity lithium difluorophosphate can be produced with a higher yield, the amount of water is preferably 5 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of difluorophosphate. More preferably, it is 25 mass parts, and it is still more preferable that it is 15-20 mass parts.
The water needs to be charged before adding difluorophosphoric acid. That is, when performing the said reaction in presence of an organic solvent and water, the manufacturing method of the lithium difluorophosphate of this invention includes the process of adding water to a lithium source before the process of adding difluorophosphoric acid.

In the method for producing lithium difluorophosphate of the present invention, a product containing lithium difluorophosphate obtained by reacting difluorophosphoric acid and a lithium source after the step of reacting difluorophosphoric acid and a lithium source is obtained. It is preferable to include the process to refine | purify. The method for producing lithium difluorophosphate of the present invention uses an excess lithium source with respect to difluorophosphoric acid, but high purity lithium difluorophosphate can be easily obtained by the above purification.
For example, when difluorophosphoric acid is reacted with a lithium source using an excessive amount of difluorophosphoric acid, the product contains an acid content such as difluorophosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hexafluorophosphoric acid and the like. In this case, even if the purification is performed in the same manner, an excess of difluorophosphoric acid remains and high purity lithium difluorophosphate cannot be obtained.
The above product usually contains lithium difluorophosphate, a lithium source, and the like.

As a purification method, a general purification method can be used. However, since higher-purity lithium difluorophosphate is obtained, lithium difluorophosphate and impurities in the product are separated from each other due to a difference in solubility. Recrystallization is preferred.
In the recrystallization, the product is usually dissolved in a solvent, and crystals are precipitated due to a difference in solubility due to a temperature difference. As described above, when the reaction between difluorophosphoric acid and a lithium source is carried out in the presence of an organic solvent, this organic solvent can be used as it is as a solvent for recrystallization.
As the recrystallization method, a conventionally known method can be used. As a specific method, a product obtained by reacting difluorophosphoric acid and a lithium source is heated under reduced pressure ( For example, 1-10 kPa, 60-100 degreeC), the solvent is distilled off, Furthermore, it pressure-reduces and heats (for example, 1-100 Pa, 100-150 degreeC), The method of obtaining a solid crystal | crystallization by drying is mentioned. It is done.

In the method for producing lithium difluorophosphate of the present invention, the purity of lithium difluorophosphate can be 96% or more, and can be 98% or more. Furthermore, it can be 99% or more.

High purity lithium difluorophosphate can be obtained by the production method of the present invention. The lithium difluorophosphate obtained by the production method of the present invention is suitable as an additive to be added to an electrolytic solution for a lithium secondary battery.

The present invention is also a method for producing difluorophosphoric acid, which comprises a step of reacting an oxoacid of phosphorus with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of phosphorus oxyhalide. When producing a higher purity difluorophosphate, the difluorophosphoric acid used as a raw material is required to have a higher purity.
The method for producing difluorophosphoric acid of the present invention can produce difluorophosphoric acid with higher purity by having the above-described configuration. Further, by using difluorophosphoric acid obtained by the method for producing difluorophosphoric acid of the present invention, it is possible to produce lithium difluorophosphate with higher purity.

As a specific method of reacting phosphorus oxoacid with hydrogen fluoride, a method in which phosphorus oxyhalide and phosphorus oxoacid are charged into a reaction vessel and then hydrogen fluoride is dropped and reacted, An example is a method in which phosphorus halide and phosphorus oxoacid are charged into a reaction vessel and reacted under heating, and then hydrogen fluoride is added dropwise to react.

The temperature at which the oxo acid of phosphorus and hydrogen fluoride are reacted is usually −10 to 100 ° C., and higher purity difluorophosphoric acid can be obtained. Therefore, it is more preferably −10 to 50 ° C. . The reaction time is usually 30 minutes to 300 minutes after the hydrogen fluoride is charged.

Examples of the phosphorus oxyhalide include phosphorus oxychloride (POCl ₃ ), phosphorus oxybromide (POBr ₃ ), phosphorus oxyfluoride (POF ₃ ), phosphorus oxyiodide (POI ₃ ), and the like. From the viewpoint that it is easily available, has an appropriate boiling point, and is easy to handle, it is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of phosphorus oxychloride and phosphorus oxybromide, and is preferably phosphorus oxychloride. More preferred.

The phosphorus oxo acid is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of phosphorus pentoxide, orthophosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, and phosphoric acid. From the viewpoint of handling, among them, it is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of phosphorus pentoxide, orthophosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, and phosphoric acid, and from the group consisting of orthophosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, and phosphoric acid. More preferably, it is at least one selected.
The phosphorus oxo acid may be used in the form of an aqueous solution. When phosphorus oxoacid is used in the form of an aqueous solution, it reacts with phosphorus oxychloride to produce high-concentration hydrochloric acid. Therefore, it is necessary to react with phosphorus oxoacid such as phosphorus pentoxide in advance to remove water. More preferable.

The amount of phosphorus oxyhalide varies depending on the type of phosphorus oxoacid and phosphorus oxyhalide, but is preferably 55 to 480 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of phosphorus oxoacid, for example.
In addition, since higher-purity difluorophosphoric acid is obtained, when phosphorus pentoxide is used as the oxo acid of phosphorus and phosphorus oxychloride is used as the phosphorus oxyhalide, it is 55 to 170 with respect to 100 parts by mass of phosphorus pentoxide. It is preferable that it is a mass part, and it is more preferable that it is 90-120 mass parts. In addition, when orthophosphoric acid is used as the oxo acid of phosphorus and phosphorus oxychloride is used as the phosphorus oxyhalide, it is preferably 150 to 480 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of orthophosphoric acid, and 280 to 350 parts by mass. More preferably.

Since higher-purity difluorophosphoric acid is obtained, the amount of hydrogen fluoride is preferably 50 to 160 parts by mass, and 65 to 140 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of oxoacid of phosphorus. Is more preferable, and it is still more preferable that it is 80-120 mass parts.
The hydrogen fluoride is preferably anhydrous hydrogen fluoride.

The method for producing difluorophosphoric acid of the present invention preferably further includes a step of distilling the product obtained by the step of reacting the phosphorus oxo acid with hydrogen fluoride. By carrying out distillation, higher-purity difluorophosphoric acid can be obtained.

As the distillation method, usual distillation methods such as vacuum distillation and thin film distillation can be employed. The distillation temperature is preferably 50 to 100 ° C., more preferably 60 to 90 ° C., because difluorophosphoric acid may be decomposed at a high temperature.
Moreover, although the said distillation may be performed by a normal pressure, it is preferable from a viewpoint of productivity to perform under reduced pressure. The pressure during distillation is preferably 10 to 500 Pa.

The method for producing difluorophosphoric acid of the present invention can be used suitably for the production of difluorophosphates such as lithium difluorophosphate because it can produce highly pure difluorophosphoric acid. It is also suitable for a catalyst for cationic polymerization.

Next, the present invention will be described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to such examples.

Hereinafter, a method for measuring each numerical value in Examples and Comparative Examples will be described.

The yield, acid content, and water content of each example and each comparative example are values obtained by the following methods.

(Yield of difluorophosphoric acid)
The solution after the reaction was fractionated, a solvent such as deuterated chloroform and deuterated acetonitrile and α, α, α-trifluorotoluene as an internal standard substance were added, and analyzed by ¹⁹ F-NMR and ³¹ P-NMR, The amount of difluorophosphoric acid obtained was quantified.

(Yield of lithium difluorophosphate)
The dried lithium difluorophosphate is dissolved in dimethoxyethane, α, α, α-trifluorotoluene is added as an internal standard substance, and analyzed by ¹⁹ F-NMR and ³¹ P-NMR. The amount of lithium phosphate was quantified.

(Acid content)
The dried lithium difluorophosphate was dissolved in water and neutralized with 0.01 N NaOH to determine the acid content.

(moisture)
After the dried lithium difluorophosphate was dissolved in low-moisture dimethoxyethane, the moisture was measured with a Karl Fischer, and the moisture in the lithium difluorophosphate was determined from the increase with the moisture in the original dimethoxyethane.

Example 1 (Production of HPO ₂ F ₂ )
A 150 ml PFA [tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer] container was charged with 20.0 g (0.070 mol) of phosphorus pentoxide and 21.9 g (0.143 mol) of phosphorus oxychloride, and an ice bath. Stirred under. Under a flow of N ₂ (nitrogen), 16.9 g (0.835 mol) of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride was added dropwise so that the internal temperature became 20 ° C. or less. After completion of dropping, the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes, then heated to 25 ° C. and stirred for 60 minutes. When the obtained solution was subjected to ³¹ P-NMR and ¹⁹ F-NMR analysis, the yield of difluorophosphoric acid was 83 mol%, and the yield of monofluorophosphoric acid was 7 mol%.

Example 2 (Production of HPO ₂ F ₂ )
A 150 ml PFA container was charged with 7.2 g (0.062 mol) of 85% phosphoric acid, and 2.8 g (0.010 mol) of phosphorus pentoxide was added with stirring. All was dissolved. While heating this mixture to 50 ° C. under N ₂ flow, 28.5 g (0.186 mol) of phosphorus oxychloride was added. When the generation of gas stopped, it was cooled in an ice bath, and 11.0 g (0.550 mol) of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride was added dropwise so that the internal temperature was 20 ° C. or lower. After completion of dropping, the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes, and then heated to 25 ° C. and stirred for 90 minutes. The obtained solution was subjected to ³¹ P-NMR and ¹⁹ F-NMR analysis. As a result, the yield of difluorophosphoric acid was 79 mol%, and the yield of monofluorophosphoric acid was 12 mol%.

Example 3 (Production of HPO ₂ F ₂ )
In a 150 ml PFA container, 7.9 g (0.080 mol) of orthophosphoric acid was charged, and 19.9 g (0.128 mol) of phosphorus oxychloride was added while heating to 50 ° C. under N ₂ flow. When the generation of gas was stopped, the mixture was cooled in an ice bath, and 9.1 g (0.455 mol) of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride was added dropwise so that the internal temperature was 20 ° C. or lower. After completion of dropping, the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes, then heated to 25 ° C. and stirred for 180 minutes. When the obtained solution was subjected to ³¹ P-NMR and ¹⁹ F-NMR analysis, the yield of difluorophosphoric acid was 80 mol%, and the yield of monofluorophosphoric acid was 11 mol%.

Example 4 (Production of HPO ₂ F ₂ )
A 500 ml PFA container was charged with 80.2 g of a mixture of orthophosphoric acid and pyrophosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid 48.9 g, pyrophosphoric acid 31.3 g) and heated to 50 ° C. under a flow of N _{2 with} 210.2 g of phosphorus oxychloride ( 1.371 mol) was added. When gas generation ceased, the mixture was cooled in an ice bath and 89.8 g (4.486 mol) of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride was added dropwise so that the internal temperature was 20 ° C. or lower. After completion of dropping, the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes, then heated to 25 ° C. and stirred for 180 minutes. The obtained solution was subjected to ³¹ P-NMR and ¹⁹ F-NMR analyses. As a result, the yield of difluorophosphoric acid was 88 mol%, and the yield of monofluorophosphoric acid was 8 mol%.

Comparative Example 1 (Production of HPO ₂ F ₂ )
In a 500 ml PFA container, 101.0 g (0.356 mol) of phosphorus pentoxide was charged. The mixture was cooled in an ice bath under N ₂ flow, and 40.4 g (2.019 mol) of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride was added dropwise. During the dropping, solids aggregated and stirring was not possible. After completion of dropping, the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes, then heated to 25 ° C. and stirred for 600 minutes. When the obtained solution was subjected to ³¹ P-NMR and ¹⁹ F-NMR analysis, the yield of difluorophosphoric acid was 51 mol%, and the yield of monofluorophosphoric acid was 45 mol%.

Example 5 (Production of LiPO ₂ F ₂ )
In a PFA vessel, 86 g of dimethoxyethane and 6.5 g (0.088 mol) of Li ₂ CO ₃ were added, and then 9.0 g (0.088 mol) of HPO ₂ F ₂ (purity 99.8%) was added. . The resulting suspension was stirred at room temperature for 8 hours. The supernatant was transferred to a PFA container, kept under reduced pressure (about 3 kPa) at 70 ° C. for 3 hours, the solvent was distilled off, and further dried at 125 ° C. and 30 Pa for 5 hours to obtain solid crystals.
When the obtained crystal was analyzed by ³¹ P-NMR and ¹⁹ F-NMR, it was identified as lithium difluorophosphate. The acid content and water content in the crystals were 300 ppm and 40 ppm, respectively, and the yield was over 99%.

Example 6 (Production of LiPO ₂ F ₂ )
A PFA container is charged with 90 g of ethyl methyl carbonate, 1.7 g of water and 6.6 g (0.089 mol) of Li ₂ CO ₃ , and then 9.0 g (0.088 mol) of HPO ₂ F ₂ (purity 99.8%). Mol) was added. The resulting suspension was stirred at room temperature for 8 hours. The supernatant was transferred to a PFA container, kept under reduced pressure (about 3 kPa) at 70 ° C. for 3 hours, the solvent was distilled off, and further dried at 125 ° C. and 30 Pa for 5 hours to obtain solid crystals.
When the obtained crystal was analyzed by ³¹ P-NMR and ¹⁹ F-NMR, it was identified as lithium difluorophosphate. The acid content and water content in the crystals were 260 ppm and 150 ppm, respectively, and the yield was over 99%.

Example 7 (Production of LiPO ₂ F ₂ )
1.1 g (0.015 mol) of Li ₂ CO ₃ was put in a PFA container, and then 1.6 g (0.016 mol) of HPO ₂ F ₂ (purity 99.8%) was added and stirred for about 30 minutes. Thus, solid crystals on the powder were obtained. The obtained crystal was dried at 125 ° C. and 30 Pa for 5 hours.
When the obtained crystal was analyzed by ³¹ P-NMR and ¹⁹ F-NMR, it was identified to be lithium difluorophosphate and lithium monofluorophosphate. The acid content and water content in the crystals were 230 ppm and 80 ppm, respectively, and the yield of lithium difluorophosphate was 74%.

Claims (4)

Adding difluorophosphoric acid to a lithium source; and
Reacting difluorophosphoric acid with a lithium source,
The amount of the lithium source is 1.5 molar equivalents or more in terms of lithium atoms with respect to difluorophosphoric acid,
The lithium source, manufacturing method of the lithium difluorophosphate, which is a lithium carbonate. The method for manufacturing a lithium difluorophosphate according to claim 1 Symbol placement carried out in the presence of an organic solvent is reacted with a difluorophosphate and lithium source. The method for producing lithium difluorophosphate according to claim 2 , wherein the organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl carbonates and alkyl ethers. The method for producing lithium difluorophosphate according to claim 1, 2 or 3 , further comprising the step of purifying a product containing lithium difluorophosphate obtained by reacting difluorophosphoric acid with a lithium source.