JP6393875B2 - 抗体 - Google Patents
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- JP6393875B2 JP6393875B2 JP2015502582A JP2015502582A JP6393875B2 JP 6393875 B2 JP6393875 B2 JP 6393875B2 JP 2015502582 A JP2015502582 A JP 2015502582A JP 2015502582 A JP2015502582 A JP 2015502582A JP 6393875 B2 JP6393875 B2 JP 6393875B2
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- Prior art keywords
- claudin
- antibody
- human
- cells
- hcv
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/505—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising antibodies
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/30—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency
- C07K2317/33—Crossreactivity, e.g. for species or epitope, or lack of said crossreactivity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/30—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency
- C07K2317/34—Identification of a linear epitope shorter than 20 amino acid residues or of a conformational epitope defined by amino acid residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
- C07K2317/76—Antagonist effect on antigen, e.g. neutralization or inhibition of binding
Landscapes
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- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
Description
これまでにクラウディン1リガンド抗体としては、クラウディン1強制発現細胞を用いたスクリーニングによって得られたラットモノクローナル抗体しかないが、本発明にかかる抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体は、HCVに感染する細胞(内在性にクラウディン1を発現)と本細胞から樹立したHCVに感染しない細胞(クラウディン1を特異的に欠損)を用いたスクリーニングによって得られたマウス抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体である。本発明にかかる抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体は、クラウディン1遺伝子によりコードされるポリペプチドの細胞外領域の立体構造を特異的に認識し、且つ該細胞外領域に結合する。
本実施形態にかかる抗HCV治療剤は、本実施形態にかかるマウス抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体、ヒトキメラ抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体、ヒト化抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体若しくはそのフラグメント又はクラウディン1エピトープに結合する分子を有効成分とする。
ヒトクラウディン1発現プラスミドをBXSBマウス皮下に免疫し、血清中の抗体価上昇が観察された個体に対し、最終免疫(ブースティング)を行った。最終免疫後、動物からリンパ細胞を回収し、マウスミエローマ細胞(P3U1)と細胞融合を行った。融合後の細胞を96-well plate 10枚に播種し、培養培地1*にて13日間、37 ℃、5% CO2下で培養した。
*培養培地1:D-MEM (Wako, 044-29765) + 10% FCS (Hyclone, Lot.FQF24009), 10% BM condimed H1 Hybridoma cloning supplement (Roche, 1088947), 1×HAT supplement (Invitrogen, 21060017), 50μg/mL Penicillin/Streptomycin (Invitrogen, 15140122), 4 mM L-Glutamine (Invitrogen, 25030081)
2)特異モノクローナル抗体産生ハイブリドーマの樹立
培養後、全てのプレートウェルから培養上清を回収した。Hepatoma細胞(Huh7.5.1細胞、S7d6細胞)を用い、上記で回収した培養上清、及びPE標識抗マウスIgG抗体で染色し、フローサイトメーター(FCM)解析を行った。
3)マウス抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体の各種クラウディンに対する結合性解析
ヒトクラウディン1(NP_066924.1)、ヒトクラウディン2(NP_001164563.1)、ヒトクラウディン4(NP_001296.1)、ヒトクラウディン5(NP_001124333.1)、ヒトクラウディン6(NP_067018.2)、ヒトクラウディン7(NP_001171952.1)、ヒトクラウディン9(NP_066192.1)発現HT1080細胞またはマウスクラウディン1(NP_057883.1)発現L細胞をトリプシン処理により回収した。5.0×105 cellsに対し、各抗体5μg/ mLを100 μL添加、撹拌後、氷上で1時間静置した。0.2% BSA-PBSにて1回洗浄後、1% BSA-PBSにて希釈したGoat anti-mouse IgG(H+L)-FITC抗体(ROCKLAND)を添加、撹拌後、氷上で遮光し30分静置した。0.2% BSA-PBSにて2回洗浄後、0.2% BSA-PBSにて終濃度5μg/mLとなるように希釈したPI(Miltenyi Biotec)を加え、FCM解析を行った。結果を図3に示す。いずれの抗体クローンも、ヒトクラウディン2、ヒトクラウディン4、ヒトクラウディン5、ヒトクラウディン6、ヒトクラウディン7、ヒトクラウディン9には結合せず、ヒトクラウディン1に対して特異的に結合していた。また、マウスクラウディン1にも結合性を示さなかった。
4−1)マウス抗クラウディン1抗体を用いたウエスタンブロッティング解析
Huh7.5.1-8細胞及びS7-A細胞をprotease inhibitor(SIGMA)及び 1% Triton-Xを含むPBSで懸濁、超音波処理することで細胞溶解液を調製した。ポリアクリルアミド電気泳動後、polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)膜に転写、PVDF膜を5% スキムミルク含有T-TBS中でブロッキング(室温、2時間)、一次抗体(Rabbit anti-クラウディン1(Invitrogen)、clone 2C1、3A2、5F2、7A5)、mouse anti-GAPDH antibody(abcam)を作用(室温、2時間)、その後二次抗体(Goat anti-rabbit IgG HRP conjugated(MilliporeあるいはJackson Immuno Research)もしくはGoat anti-mouse IgG HRP conjugated(MilliporeあるいはJackson Immuno Research)) 作用(室温、1時間)、十分に洗浄した後に、ECL Western Blotting Detection Reagents(GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences Corp)またはECL plus Western blotting detection system(GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences Corp)を添加し、Image Quant LAS 4010(GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences Corp)を用いるもしくはX線フィルムを感光させることで抗体認識バンドを検出した。結果を図4に示す。クラウディン1を発現していないS7-A細胞の溶解液を用いた場合ではいずれの抗体でもバンドは検出されず、クラウディン1を発現しているHuh7.5.1-8細胞の溶解液を用いたところ、clone 2C1, 3A2, 5F2はいずれもクラウディン1と反応せず、clone 7A5のみクラウディン1との反応が観察された。このことから、clone 2C1, 3A2, 5F2はクラウディン1の立体構造を認識すること、clone 7A5は変性クラウディン1も認識することが示された。
図5は、細胞外領域配列の相同性解析であり、ClustalW2を用いて、ヒトクラウディン1とマウスクラウディン1のアミノ酸配列の相同性を解析したものである。第一細胞外ループ中のエピトープは、QWRIYSYAGDNIVTAQAMYEGLWMSCVSQSTGQIQCKVFDSLLNLSSTLQATR(Gln Trp Arg Ile Tyr Ser Tyr Ala Gly Asp Asn Ile Val Thr Ala Gln Ala Met Tyr Glu Gly Leu Trp Met Ser Cys Val Ser Gln Ser Thr Gly Gln Ile Gln Cys Lys Val Phe Asp Ser Leu Leu Asn Leu Ser Ser Thr Leu Gln Ala Thr Arg)(配列番号1)であった。また、第二細胞外ループ中のエピトープは、QEFYDPMTPVNARYE(Gln Glu Phe Tyr Asp Pro Met Thr Pro Val Asn Ala Arg Tyr Glu)(配列番号2)であった。
培地には、10% fetal bovine serum (Cell Culture Bioscience, 171012 lot. 8E0582), non-essential amino acid (Hyclone SH30238.01)およびpenicillin/streptomycin(Wako, 168-23191)含有D-MEM(Wako, 044-29765)を用いた。
6−1)In vivo 感染阻害活性
ヒト肝臓キメラマウス(uPA-SCIDマウスにヒト肝細胞を移植したもの、PXBマウス)は株式会社フェニックスバイオより入手した。雄性、12〜16週齢、体重15 g以上、血中ヒトアルブミン7.0 mg/mL以上の個体を選択した。群編成では、体重及び血中ヒトアルブミン濃度の平均値を考慮してマウスを3群(各4匹)に振り分けた。
Day-7、day-3、day-1、day0(抗体投与日)、day3、day7、day10、day14、day21、day28、day35、day42に、マウスの一般状態を観察し、体重を計測した。尚、day0、day3、day7、day10は抗体投与前に計測を実施した。
7−1)発現ベクター作製
各抗体クローンの可変部領域のVL領域およびVH領域のアミノ酸をコードする遺伝子をPCR法により増幅した。なお、VL遺伝子の上流にAgeIサイト、下流にBsiWIサイト、VH遺伝子の上流にEcoRIサイト、下流にNheIサイトを付加した。PCR産物を電気泳動により分離・精製した。
フラスコに5×105cells/mLに調製したCHO-S細胞を150 mL入れ、37 ℃、8% CO2環境下で一晩培養した。作製した発現ベクター187.5μg(VL:VH=1:1)にOptiPRO SFMを加え3 mLに調製し撹拌した。別のエッペンにFreeStyleMAX Reagent (Invitrogen) 187.5μLとOptiPRO SFM 2812.5μLを加え転倒混和し、発現ベクターの溶液を加え、10分間常温静置した。CHO-S細胞の入ったフラスコに、本混合液を全量加えた。その後6日間、37 ℃、8% CO2環境下で培養し、上清を回収した。
ヒトクラウディン1、ヒトクラウディン2、ヒトクラウディン3(NP_001297.1)、ヒトクラウディン4、ヒトクラウディン6、ヒトクラウディン7、ヒトクラウディン9発現HT1080細胞またはマウスクラウディン1発現L細胞をトリプシン処理により回収した。5.0×105cellsに対し、各抗体5μg/mLを100μL添加し、撹拌し氷上で1時間静置した。0.2% BSA-PBSにて1回洗浄後、1% BSA-PBSにて希釈したGoat anti-human IgG(H+L)-FITC抗体(Jackson Immuno Research)を添加、撹拌、氷上で遮光し30分静置した。0.2% BSA-PBSにて2回洗浄後、0.2% BSA-PBSにて終濃度5μg/mLとなるように希釈したPI (Miltenyi Biotec)を加え、FCM解析を行った。
8−1)Huh7.5.1-8細胞に対する結合性評価
Huh7.5.1-8細胞をトリプシン処理により回収した。5.0×105cells/sampleに対し、各抗体5μg/mLを100μL添加し、2)と同様の操作でFMC解析を行った。尚、2次抗体にはgoat anti-human IgG (H+L)-FITC を使用した。
Huh7.5.1-8細胞を1×105cells/well/500μLで48-well plateに播種し、一晩培養した。抗クラウディン1マウス抗体、ヒトIgG1キメラ抗体を培地で各濃度に調製し、前培養していた細胞の培地を除いて200μL/wellの抗体溶液を加え、室温で30分静置した。なお、各抗体は0〜5μg/wellで作用させた。
精製したRNAを用いて、Taqman qRT-PCR法(試薬はRNA-direct Realtime PCR Master Mix(Toyobo)、機器はLightCycler (Roche))にてHCVゲノムRNA定量を行った。尚、反応は、表3の組成に準じて調整した反応溶液を使用した。
Huh7.5.1-8細胞を1×105cells/well/500μLで48-well plateに播種し、一晩培養した。抗クラウディン1マウス抗体、ヒトIgG1キメラ抗体を培地で各濃度に調製し、前培養していた細胞の培地を除いて200μL/wellの抗体溶液を加え、室温で30分静置した。なお、各抗体は0〜5μg/wellで作用させた。
9−1)発現ベクター作製
各抗体クローン(2C1、3A2)の可変部領域のVL領域およびVH領域のアミノ酸をコードする遺伝子をPCR法により増幅した。なお、VL遺伝子の上流にAgeIサイト、下流にBsiWIサイト、VH遺伝子の上流にEcoRIサイト、下流にNheIサイトを付加した。PCR産物を電気泳動により分離・精製した。
培養用6- wellプレートに2×105 cells/wellのCHO-K1細胞を播種し、37 ℃、5% CO2環境下でサブコンフルエントになるまで培養した。作製した発現ベクター2μg(pFUSE2-CLIg-hk-anti-クラウディン1を1.2μg、pFUSE-CHIg-hG4-anti-クラウディン1を0.8μg)をOpti-MEM1 (GIBCO) 100μLとFuGENE(登録商標)HD Transfection Reagent (Roche) 4μLと混合し、15分間常温静置した。CHO細胞の培地を交換し、上記の混合液をウェルに全量加えた。その後、2日間、37 ℃、5% CO2環境下で培養し、上清を回収した。
ヒトクラウディン1発現HT1080細胞をトリプシン処理により回収した。5.0×105 cells/sampleに対し、ヒトIgG4キメラ抗体を含む培養上清を100μL添加し、撹拌し氷上で1時間静置した。0.2% BSA-PBSにて1回洗浄後、1% BSA-PBSにて希釈したGoat anti-human IgG(H+L)-FITC抗体(Jackson Immuno Research)を添加、撹拌、氷上で遮光、30分静置した。0.2% BSA-PBSにて2回洗浄後、0.2% BSA-PBSにて終濃度5μg/mLとなるように希釈したPI (Miltenyi Biotec)を加え、FCM解析を行った。
Huh7.5.1-8細胞を1×105cells/well/500μLで48-well plateに播種し、一晩培養した。抗クラウディン1マウス抗体、ヒトIgG4キメラ抗体を培地で各濃度に調製し、前培養していた細胞の培地を除いて200μL/wellの抗体溶液を加え、室温で30分静置した。なお、各抗体は0〜5μg/wellで作用させ、8−2)と同様の方法でHCVcc感染阻害活性を解析した。
9−5)In vitro感染阻害活性(HCV pseudoparticles(HCVpp、genotype 1bおよび2a)を用いた解析)
Huh7.5.1-8細胞を1×105cells/well/500μLで48-well plateに播種し、一晩培養した。抗クラウディン1マウス抗体、ヒトIgG4キメラ抗体を培地で各濃度に調製し、前培養していた細胞の培地を除いて200μL/wellの抗体溶液を加え、室温で30分静置した。なお、各抗体は0〜5μg/wellで作用させ、8−3)と同様の方法でHCVpp感染阻害活性を解析した。
10−1)発現ベクター作製
IgG4は、重鎖定常領域内にある228番目のSerをProに置換することで生体内安定性が向上することが知られている(Immunology, 105, 9-19, 2002)。そこで、228番目のSerをProに置換するようにプライマーを設計し、pFUSE-CHIg-hG4 (Invivogen)を鋳型にNheIサイト及びBsrGIサイト間の682 bpをPCR法により増幅、PCR産物を電気泳動により分離後、精製した。尚、変異挿入部上流のプライマーにはNheIサイト、下流のプライマーにはBsrGIサイトを付加した。
培養用6 wellプレートに2× 105 cells/wellのCHO-K1細胞を播種し、37 ℃、5% CO2環境下でサブコンフルエントになるまで培養した。作製した発現ベクター2μg(pFUSE2-CLIg-hk-anti-クラウディン1を1.2μg、pFUSE-CHIg-hG4mutant-anti-クラウディン1を0.8μg)をOpti-MEM1 (GIBCO) 100μL及びFuGENE(登録商標)HD Transfection Reagent (Roche) 4μLと混合し、15分間常温静置した。CHO細胞の培地を交換し、上記の混合液をウェルに全量加えた。その後、2日間、37 ℃、5% CO2環境下で培養し、上清を回収した。
ヒトクラウディン1発現HT1080細胞をトリプシン処理により回収した。5.0×105 cells/sampleに対し、ヒトIgG4変異体キメラ抗体を含む培養上清を100μL添加し、撹拌し氷上で1時間静置した。0.2% BSA-PBSにて1回洗浄後、1% BSA-PBSにて希釈したgoat anti-human IgG(H+L)-FITC抗体(Jackson Immuno Research)を添加、撹拌し氷上で遮光し30分静置した。0.2% BSA-PBSにて2回洗浄後、0.2% BSA-PBSにて終濃度5μg/mLとなるように希釈したPI (Miltenyi Biotec)を加え、FCM解析を行った。
配列番号15:プローブ
Claims (5)
- ヒトクラウディン1の第一細胞外ループ中のエピトープ及び第二細胞外ループ中のエピトープを認識してヒトクラウディン1に結合する抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体であって、
前記第一細胞外ループ中のエピトープが、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列により定義され、前記第二細胞外ループ中のエピトープが、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列により定義され、
VHの配列が配列番号3、VLの配列が配列番号4である抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体。 - ヒトクラウディン1の第一細胞外ループ中のエピトープ及び第二細胞外ループ中のエピトープを認識してヒトクラウディン1に結合する抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体であって、
前記第一細胞外ループ中のエピトープが、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列により定義され、前記第二細胞外ループ中のエピトープが、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列により定義され、
VHの配列が配列番号5、VLの配列が配列番号6である抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体。 - ヒトクラウディン1の第一細胞外ループ中のエピトープ及び第二細胞外ループ中のエピトープを認識してヒトクラウディン1に結合する抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体であって、
前記第一細胞外ループ中のエピトープが、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列により定義され、前記第二細胞外ループ中のエピトープが、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列により定義され、
VHの配列が配列番号7、VLの配列が配列番号8である抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体。 - ヒトクラウディン1の第一細胞外ループ中のエピトープ及び第二細胞外ループ中のエピトープを認識してヒトクラウディン1に結合する抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体であって、
前記第一細胞外ループ中のエピトープが、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列により定義され、前記第二細胞外ループ中のエピトープが、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列により定義され、
VHの配列が配列番号9、VLの配列が配列番号10である請求項1に記載の抗クラウディン1モノクローナル抗体。 - 請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載の抗体の可変領域を有するヒトIgG1キメラ抗体、ヒトIgG4キメラ抗体又はヒトIgG4変異体キメラ抗体若しくはこれらの改変型キメラ抗体。
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