JP6382266B2 - Hydroelectric generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, a small-scale hydroelectric generator, and more particularly to a device devised so that the position of a generator can be finely adjusted in a drive shaft system connecting a turbine and a generator.

As what discloses the structure of a small-scale hydroelectric generator, there exist patent document 1, patent document 2, etc., for example.
The floating water turbine type hydroelectric generator described in Patent Document 1 is installed in a river, and a water turbine is rotatably installed on the tip side of the main arm. A generator is installed on the base end side of the main arm, and the rotation of the water turbine is transmitted to the generator through a gear and a shaft.

  In addition, columns are installed on the banks on both sides of the river in the width direction, and support members are installed between these columns. The main arm is supported by the support member, and the main arm is installed so as to be swingable with the support position as a fulcrum.

  Further, a floating material is installed on the front end side of the main arm. The water wheel is levitated by the floating material, and is moved up and down according to the water level of the river.

  Further, in the hydroelectric power generation apparatus and the installation method described in Patent Document 2, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus is installed in a river, a water channel, or the like. In this hydroelectric generator, a turbine is installed on the distal end side of the main body portion, and the generator is installed on the proximal end side of the main body portion via a bevel gear, a vertical axis body, and a shaft coupling. Is transmitted to.

  In addition, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus is installed so as to be swingable with a construction member installed in a river as a fulcrum, for example, and an operation lever for swinging the hydroelectric power generation apparatus is attached to the hydroelectric power generation apparatus. It has been.

JP 2008-267369 A JP 2013-241841 A

The conventional configuration has the following problems.
That is, in any case of the floating turbine hydroelectric generator described in Patent Document 1 and the hydroelectric power generator described in Patent Document 2, the drive shaft system for transmitting the rotation of the turbine to the generator is straight. Since it is provided, the position of the generator is uniquely determined to be a straight predetermined position with respect to the position of the turbine, and there is a problem that this cannot be finely adjusted.
In addition, as an example of fine adjustment, if you want to move the generator away from the liquid level as much as possible with the position of the turbine unchanged, similarly, if you want to change the position of the generator relative to the surroundings without changing the position of the turbine, Etc. are considered.

  The present invention has been made on the basis of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to make a hydroelectric generator capable of finely adjusting the position of the generator in a drive shaft system connecting the turbine and the generator. Is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, a hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a rocking body installed so as to be capable of rocking via a fulcrum, a turbine provided at a tip of the rocking body and rotated by a water flow, and A generator provided at a base end of the oscillator, a rotation transmission mechanism provided in the oscillator to transmit the rotation of the turbine to the generator, and a float provided in the turbine. The oscillator has a configuration in which the turbine-side oscillator element on the front end side and the generator-side oscillator element on the base end side are connected so as to be able to adjust the angle (θ) mutually with the fulcrum as a boundary. The transmission mechanism has a configuration in which a universal joint is interposed between the turbine-side drive shaft and the generator-side drive shaft, and the rotational drive mechanism can follow the angle (θ) adjustment. It is characterized by being To do. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydraulic power generation apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the fulcrum is provided above an expected rising water level. The hydroelectric generator according to claim 3 is the hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a weight is movably installed on the generator-side oscillator element. It is. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydraulic power generation apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the float is a rotating float.

As described above, according to the hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 of the present invention, the swinging body installed so as to be swingable via the fulcrum, the turbine provided at the tip of the swinging body and rotated by the water flow, A generator provided at a base end of the oscillator, a rotation transmission mechanism provided in the oscillator to transmit the rotation of the turbine to the generator, and a float provided in the turbine. The oscillator has a configuration in which the turbine-side oscillator element on the front end side and the generator-side oscillator element on the base end side are connected so as to be able to adjust the angle (θ) mutually with the fulcrum as a boundary. The transmission mechanism has a configuration in which a universal joint is interposed between the turbine-side drive shaft and the generator-side drive shaft, and the rotational drive mechanism can follow the angle (θ) adjustment. The above The position of the generator relative to the funnel can be finely adjusted. According to the hydroelectric generator according to claim 2, in the hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, the fulcrum is provided above the expected rise water level, so that the fulcrum is not affected by the rise in water level. can do. According to the hydroelectric generator according to claim 3, in the hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 or 2, a weight is movably installed on the generator-side oscillator element. The balance between the turbine side and the turbine side can be easily adjusted. Moreover, according to the hydroelectric generator according to claim 4, in the hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the float is a rotary float, so that the resistance of the water flow to the float is reduced, It is possible to prevent the float from interfering with the water flow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and is a top view of a hydroelectric generator. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and is a side view of a hydroelectric generator. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and is III-III sectional drawing of FIG. It is a figure which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is a top view of a hydroelectric generator. It is a figure which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is a side view of a hydroelectric generator.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The hydroelectric generator 1 according to the first embodiment is installed in a river 3. First, there is an oscillating body 5, and this oscillating body 5 is supported so as to be able to oscillate by support portions 6a and 6b installed on the shores 17a and 17b of the river 3. The oscillating body 5 has an oscillating center cylinder 7, and a generator support cylinder 9 and a turbine support cylinder 11 are installed on both sides of the oscillating center cylinder 7. The swing center cylinder 7 is extended and arranged in the width direction of the river, and the generator support cylinder 9 and the turbine support cylinder 11 are extended and orthogonal to the swing center cylinder 7. Has been placed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the swing center cylinder 7 is composed of an outer cylinder 13a and an inner cylinder 13b that is rotatably mounted in the outer cylinder 13a. The generator support cylinder 9 is fixed to the outer cylinder 13a side, and the turbine support cylinder 11 is fixed to the inner cylinder 13b side. The generator support cylinder 9 and the outer cylinder 13a constitute a generator-side oscillator element, and the turbine support cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 13b constitute a turbine-side oscillator element. As shown in FIG. 3, the outer cylinder 13 a is formed with a notch 15 a that is penetrated by the turbine support cylinder 11. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the inner cylinder 13b is formed with notches 15b and 15c which are penetrated by a rotation transmission mechanism which will be described later. Further, a cutout portion 15d that is penetrated by the rotation transmission mechanism is also formed at a position facing the cutout portion 15a of the outer cylinder 13a. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an outer cylinder handle 13c is fixed to the outer peripheral side of the outer cylinder 13a.

As described above, the outer cylinder 13a and the inner cylinder 13b are relatively rotatable, and an angle (θ) formed by the generator support cylinder 9 and the turbine support cylinder 11 is described later. It is configured to be adjustable within the movable range of the universal joint. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, fixing bolts 12 and 12 are screwed to both ends of the outer cylinder 13a. By screwing these fixing bolts 12 and 12 into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 13b, the rotational positions of the outer cylinder 13a and the inner cylinder 13b are fixed. As a result, the angle (θ) formed by the generator support cylinder 9 and the turbine support cylinder 11 is fixed.
When the angle (θ) formed by the generator support tube 9 and the turbine support tube 11 is adjusted, the fixing bolts 12 and 12 are loosened.

Both end sides of the inner cylinder 13b are closed, and shaft portions 14a and 14b project outwardly therefrom. Both shaft portions 14a and 14b are pivotally supported by bearings 18a and 18b housed in the support portions 6a and 6b described above. Since the support portions 6 a and 6 b are installed on the banks 17 a and 17 b of the river 3, both the shaft portions 14 a and 14 b are provided on the expected rising water level of the river 3.
Further, both ends of the outer cylinder 13a are extended to positions where they substantially contact the inner end surfaces of the support portions 6a and 6b.

A handle 16 is fixed to the tip end side (the lower end side in FIG. 1) of the shaft portion 14b. Further, in the above supporting portion 6b have a stopper 20 is installed, the handle 16 by abutting from above the stopper 20, further swing of the oscillator 5 is restricted.

The outer cylinder handle 13c and the handle 16 described above are used. First, when the angle (θ) formed by the generator support cylinder 9 and the turbine support cylinder 11 is adjusted, the outer cylinder is used. The handle 13c is used. That is, with the handle 16 placed on the stopper 20, the fixing bolts 12 and 12 are loosened, and the outer cylinder 13a is rotated using the outer cylinder handle 13c to adjust the angle (θ). . After adjusting the angle (θ), the fixing bolts 12 and 12 are tightened to connect and fix the generator support cylinder 9 and the turbine support cylinder 11.
On the other hand, the handle 16 is used to swing the entire swing body 5. In that case, the outer cylinder 13 a and the inner cylinder 13 b are integrated by the fixing bolts 12 and 12.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a generator 21 is installed on the counter swing center cylinder 7 side end (upper left end in FIG. 2) of the generator support cylinder 9 via a generator mounting bracket 19.

In addition, turbines 25 a and 25 b are rotatably installed via a turbine mounting portion 23 at the end of the turbine support cylinder 11 on the side opposite to the swing center tube 7 (the lower right end in FIG. 2). The turbines 25a and 25b are composed of a substantially cylindrical turbine body 27 and a plurality of blades 29 (eight in the case of the first embodiment) installed on the outer peripheral side of the turbine body 27 at equal intervals. It is configured.
A fixed float 30 is installed on the turbine mounting portion 23. The turbines 25 a and 25 b are levitated on the water surface 3 a by the fixed float 30, and move up and down following the fluctuation of the water surface 3 a of the river 3.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the turbine mounting portion 23 is a hollow, substantially cylindrical member. D) is decorated. A turbine rotating shaft 33 is rotatably installed through the bearings 31 and 31, and the turbines 25 a and 25 b are fixed to both ends of the turbine rotating shaft 33 (both ends in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 3). ing.

A rotation transmission mechanism 34 is built in the rocking body 5. Hereinafter, the configuration of the rotation transmission mechanism 34 will be described. First, a bevel gear 35 is fixed to the turbine rotating shaft 31 in the turbine mounting portion 23. As shown in FIG. 3, the turbine support cylinder 11 is a hollow and substantially cylindrical member, and a turbine side drive shaft 39 is rotatably installed therein via bearings 37 and 37. A bevel gear 41 is fixed to the end of the turbine side drive shaft 39 on the turbine mounting portion 23 side (the lower right end in FIG. 3). The bevel gear 41 is meshed with the bevel gear 35.
A connecting drive shaft 42 is connected to the end of the turbine side drive shaft 39 on the side opposite to the turbine mounting portion 23 (the upper left end in FIG. 3) via a coupling 40.

  In addition, a universal joint 43 is installed in the swing center cylinder 7, and another connecting drive shaft 45 is connected to the connecting drive shaft 42 via the universal joint 43. . The universal joint 43 includes a substantially U-shaped first yoke 43a fixed to the connecting drive shaft 42, a substantially U-shaped second yoke 43b fixed to the connecting drive shaft 45, The cross-shaped connecting member 43c is disposed between the first yoke 43a and the second yoke 43b. The cross-shaped connecting member 43c is provided with two orthogonal rotating shafts, and the first yoke 43a is rotatably installed with respect to the cross-shaped connecting member 43c by one rotating shaft. In addition, the second yoke 43b is rotatably installed with respect to the cross-shaped connecting member 43c by the other rotating shaft. As a result, the first yoke 43a and the second yoke 43b are rotatable with respect to two axes orthogonal to each other, and the rotation of the connecting drive shaft 42 is transmitted to the connecting drive shaft 45. However, the angle between the connecting drive shaft 42 and the connecting drive shaft 45, that is, the angle (θ) formed by the generator support tube 9 and the turbine support tube 11 can be changed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the generator support cylinder 9 is a hollow, substantially cylindrical member, and a generator side drive shaft 49 is rotatably installed therein via bearings 47, 47. Has been. The generator side drive shaft 49 is connected to the connecting drive shaft 45 by a coupling 51. Further, the output shaft 53 of the generator 21 and the generator-side drive shaft 49 are connected by a coupling 55.
Thus, the angle of the turbine side drive shaft 39 and the generator side drive shaft 49 of the rotation transmission mechanism 34 can be adjusted via the connection drive shaft 42, the universal joint 43, and the connection drive shaft 45. It will be connected to.

  A weight 57 is installed on the outer peripheral side of the generator support tube 9 so as to be movable along the length direction of the generator support tube 9. Further, the position of the weight 57 is configured to be fixed by a fixing bolt 59 that penetrates the weight 57 and is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the generator support cylinder 9. By adjusting the position of the weight 57, the immersion depth of the turbines 25a and 25b with respect to the water surface 3a is adjusted.

The operation will be described based on the above configuration.
First, initial setting is performed.
That is, the angle (θ) formed by the generator support cylinder 9 and the turbine support cylinder 11 is adjusted and set. Of course, if straight and no problem occurs, θ = 180 ° is set. On the other hand, when the generator 21 is desired to be separated from the liquid level 3a as much as possible, or when it is desired to change the position of the generator 21 in relation to the surroundings, the fixing bolts 12 and 12 are loosened and the universal The angle (θ) is adjusted within the movable range of the joint 43.
Specifically, for example, the angle (θ) is decreased within 15 ° with respect to 180 °.
Since the turbine side drive shaft 39 side and the generator side drive shaft 49 side of the rotation transmission mechanism 34 are connected via the universal joint 43, even if the angle (θ) is less than 180 °, the turbine 25a. , 25b, the transmission of the driving force from the generator 21 to the generator 21 is not impaired.
Next, the position of the weight 57 is adjusted / set. That is, even if the liquid level 3 a is the same, the immersion depth of the turbines 25 a and 25 b varies depending on the position of the weight 57. Therefore, in consideration of various conditions such as the amount of water and the wind direction, the weight 57 is fixed at a position where the immersion depth with the best power generation efficiency can be obtained.

  After the initial setting work is finished, a normal power generation operation is started. That is, the turbines 25 a and 25 b are rotated by the water flow of the river 3. The turbine rotation shaft 33 is rotated by the turbines 25 a and 25 b, and the rotation of the turbine rotation shaft 33 is transmitted to the turbine side drive shaft 39 via the bevel gear 35 and the bevel gear 41.

The rotation of the turbine side drive shaft 39 is transmitted to the connection drive shaft 45 via the coupling 40, the connection drive shaft 42, and the universal joint 43, and the rotation of the connection drive shaft 45 is transmitted to the coupling 51. To the generator-side drive shaft 49. The rotation of the generator side drive shaft 49 is transmitted to the output shaft 53 of the generator 21 through the coupling 55, and the generator 21 generates power.
In such a series of operations, the height of the turbines 25 a and 25 b follows the height of the water surface 3 a of the river 3 by the fixed float 30 installed in the turbine mounting portion 23.
Further, when the handle 16 is brought into contact with the stopper 20, further swinging of the swinging body 5 in the clockwise direction in FIG. 2 is restricted. Therefore, even if the water surface 3a falls extremely, the turbines 25a and 25b do not come into contact with the river bottom 3b of the river 3.

  When a flood occurs, the rocking body 5 is manually rocked by the handle 16 and the turbines 25 a and 25 b are pulled up from the river 3.

Next, the effect of the first embodiment will be described.
First, since the universal joint 43 is interposed in the drive shaft system connecting the turbines 25a and 25b and the generator 21, the position of the generator 21 can be finely adjusted. Therefore, when it is desired to keep the generator 21 away from the liquid level 3a even if the position of the turbines 25a and 25b remains as it is, the position of the generator 21 is similarly changed with respect to the surroundings while the positions of the turbines 25a and 25b remain unchanged. In this case, it is possible to cope with the situation effectively and easily.

Moreover, since the rotation transmission mechanism 34 is built in the rocking | fluctuation body 5, the function of the rotation transmission mechanism 34 is not impaired by a foreign material, for example.

  In addition, since the weight 57 is installed so as to be movable along the generator support cylinder 9, the immersion depth of the turbines 25 a and 25 b in the river 3 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the weight 57. It can provide the most efficient dipping depth under various conditions such as water volume, wind direction, etc.

Further, since the handle 16 is fixed to the swinging central cylindrical body 7, the handle 16 can be operated to retract the turbines 25a and 25b from the river 3 during a flood, for example. Damage to the turbines 25a and 25b can be prevented.
Further, since the handle 16 is brought into contact with the stopper 20, further swinging of the swinging body 5 in the clockwise direction in FIG. 2 is restricted, so that even if the water surface 3a is extremely lowered, The turbines 25a and 25b do not come into contact with the river bottom 3b of the river 3 to be damaged.
Further, since the outer cylinder handle 13c is fixed to the outer cylinder 13a separately from the handle 16, the angle (θ) can be easily adjusted.

  Moreover, since the fulcrum parts 6a and 6b are provided on the shores 17a and 17b of the river 3, the fulcrum parts 6a and 6b are not affected by flooding or the like.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the case of the hydroelectric generator 71 according to the second embodiment, rotary floats 73 and 73 are employed instead of the fixed float 30 in the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, these rotary floats 73 and 73 are rotatable at both ends of the turbine rotary shaft 33 via bearings 75 and 75 (the bearing 75 of the upper rotary float 73 in FIG. 4 is not shown). Is provided.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and the description thereof is omitted.

  According to the second embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the rotation floats 73 and 73 can be rotated to reduce resistance to water flow. Thus, the power generation efficiency by the rotation of the turbines 25a and 25b can be increased.

The present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments.
Various cases are conceivable for the shape of the turbine, the number of blades, and the like.
Moreover, you may use a propeller, a watermill, etc. instead of a turbine.
Various cases can be considered for the number, shape, position, and the like of each component.
In addition, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated configuration, and various modifications can be considered.

  The present invention relates to, for example, a small-scale hydroelectric generator, and more particularly, to a drive shaft system connecting a turbine and a generator, which is devised so that the position of the generator can be finely adjusted. It is suitable for a small hydroelectric generator installed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydroelectric generator 5 Oscillator 6a Support part (fulcrum) 6b Support part (fulcrum) 9 Generator support cylinder (a part of generator side oscillator element) 11 Turbine support cylinder (a part of turbine side oscillator element) 13a Outer cylinder (part of generator-side oscillator element) 13b Inner cylinder (part of turbine-side oscillator element) 21 Generator 25a Turbine 25b Turbine 30 Fixed float 34 Rotation transmission mechanism 39 First drive shaft (turbine side drive) Axis) 49 Second drive shaft (drive shaft on generator side) 43 Universal joint 55 Weight 71 Hydroelectric generator 73 Rotating float

Claims (4)

A swinging body installed so as to be swingable via a fulcrum; a turbine provided at a tip of the swinging body and rotated by a water flow; a generator provided at a base end of the swinging body; A rotation transmission mechanism that transmits rotation of the turbine to the generator; and a float that is provided in the turbine. The oscillator includes a turbine-side oscillator element on a distal end side and a generator on a proximal end side. side oscillator elements have no adjustable linked constituting the angle (theta) forming mutually bordering the fulcrum, the rotation transmission mechanism and the drive shaft of the turbine-side drive shaft and the generator side A hydraulic power generator characterized in that a universal joint is interposed between the rotary drive mechanisms and the rotational drive mechanism can follow the adjustment of the angle (θ). The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the fulcrum is provided on an expected rising water level. The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a weight is movably installed on the generator-side oscillator element. The hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the float is a rotary float.

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