JP6368590B2 - Impact force relaxation frame - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an impact force alleviating structure that mitigates an impact force applied from inside and outside a building.

Conventionally, in order to protect a building from an impact load (impact force) due to a flying object or an explosive, it has been proposed to improve the strength of the building frame.
For example, it has been proposed to construct a building frame with fiber-reinforced concrete having excellent strength and rigidity (see Patent Document 1). Alternatively, it has been proposed to increase the thickness of a concrete frame of a building by laminating a plurality of concrete plates (see Patent Document 2).

JP 2013-256403 A JP 2007-297821 A

  However, as in Patent Document 1, in the case of a structure using fiber reinforced concrete having excellent explosion resistance, in order to repair and reinforce a concrete portion damaged by impact load, a sound portion and a repaired portion by post-cast concrete However, it is difficult to reproduce the direction of fiber reinforcement of post-cast concrete, and it is difficult to secure the same strength and rigidity as before damage only with post-cast fiber reinforced concrete. there were.

  Further, as in Patent Document 2, when the concrete frame thickness is increased by laminating concrete plates, there is a problem that the room area available in the building is narrowed. Even if an attempt was made to increase the thickness of the concrete frame with respect to an existing building, the building weight exceeded the initial design, and it was difficult to realize a reinforcing structure.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an impact force mitigating frame that can be easily repaired and applied to an existing building even when it is damaged by an impact force.

  As a mitigation mechanism for flying objects and explosion impact force, the present inventors relaxed the impact force consisting of a covering member and an impact buffer layer (gap, granular material, concrete body) on the outside side of the building (outer wall surface or roof surface). We have invented a means to protect the building damage and human life by providing the frame structure with the building skeleton members (columns, beams) and absorbing the impact force of flying objects and explosions with the shock force mitigation structure.

  The impact force mitigating frame of the present invention is a frame (for example, impact force mitigating frames 10, 10A, 10B, which will be described later) that relaxes an impact load applied from inside and outside of a building (for example, building 1 to be described later). A flat plate-shaped covering member (for example, covering members 20 and 20A described later) provided on the outside of the building at a predetermined distance from the surface of the building (for example, outer wall surface 1A described later), and the covering member A fixing member (for example, a fixing member 30 to be described later) fixed to the building, and an impact buffer layer (for example, a gap space 23 to be described later, sand 50, concrete 61) between the building and the covering member. Is formed.

According to the present invention, when an object such as a flying object or an explosive object collides with the covering member, the covering member is deformed and absorbs an impact load, that is, an impact force by the object, so that it is possible to prevent the impact force from being applied to the building. . At this time, since an impact buffer layer that absorbs an impact force is provided between the building and the covering member, the impact buffer layer allows deformation of the covering member.
Therefore, when the covering member is deformed due to the collision of the object, only the deformed portion needs to be replaced, so that the repair work is facilitated.
Moreover, since it is only necessary to attach the impact force mitigation frame to the outside of the building, it can be easily applied to existing buildings.

  Further, in the impact force relaxation frame of the present invention, the impact buffer layer is provided with a gap (for example, a later-described gap space 23) or filled with a granular body (for example, a later-described sand 50). Features.

  According to this invention, when the granular material is filled between the building and the covering member, when the object collides with the covering member and the covering member is deformed, the granular material flows, and the kinetic energy of the collision is heated. It can convert to energy and absorb impact force.

  Further, when the object penetrates the covering member, the object enters the granular material filled with the object, and the kinetic energy of the object can be consumed greatly.

  Furthermore, in the impact force mitigating frame of the present invention, the covering member is a prefabricated steel provided in a lattice shape (for example, a vertical member 21A, a horizontal member 21B, and an upper end horizontal member 21C, which are H-shaped steel described later) , A flat steel plate (for example, a flat plate 22 which is a steel plate described later) or a corrugated steel plate attached to the flange surface of the ready-made shaped steel, and the fixing member includes the ready-made shaped steel as an outer peripheral column (for example, It is characterized in that it is fixed to the side surface of an outer peripheral column 2) and / or an outer peripheral beam (for example, an outer peripheral beam 3 described later).

According to this invention, since the covering member is configured using the ready-made shaped steel and the steel plate, which are general-purpose products, the covering member can be manufactured with a simple configuration.
Further, the covering member was attached to the outer peripheral column and / or the outer peripheral beam by the fixing member. Since these outer peripheral columns and outer peripheral beams constitute a skeleton of the building and have high rigidity, it is possible to reliably receive an impact force acting on the covering member.

  In addition, a gap or a granular material is arranged as an energy absorber between the surface of the building and the covering member, and a thin, high-rigidity ready-made steel plate is used as a covering member on the outside of the energy absorber. By arranging, the impact force applied to the building can be absorbed.

  Further, in the impact force mitigating frame of the present invention, the covering member (for example, a covering member 20A described later) is a steel plate, and the gap is filled with concrete (for example, a concrete 61 described later). Features.

According to this invention, since the concrete is filled in the gap between the steel plate and the building to obtain a concrete body with a steel plate, the impact resistance performance of the covering member can be improved as compared with the steel plate alone.
Moreover, the thickness of the concrete body with a steel plate can be reduced as compared with the case where only the concrete alone is added. Therefore, the weight of the impact force relaxation frame can be relatively reduced as compared with the case where only the concrete alone is added.
Moreover, when constructing the impact force mitigating frame, concrete can be cast using the steel plate of the covering member as a formwork, so that construction is easy. In addition, it is a thin concrete layer rather than thickening a wall only using concrete, and it is lightweight even if it combines with a covering iron plate.

  According to the present invention, when the covering member is damaged by an impact load acting from inside or outside the building, only the damaged portion needs to be replaced, so that the repair work is facilitated. In addition, the impact force mitigating frame only needs to be attached to the outside of the building, and can be easily applied to existing buildings.

1 is a front view of a building provided with an impact force relaxation frame according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is AA sectional drawing and BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is CC sectional drawing of FIG. It is DD sectional drawing of FIG. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating operation | movement of the impact-force relaxation frame structure which concerns on the said embodiment. It is a horizontal sectional view of an impact force relaxation frame according to a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a horizontal sectional view of an impact force relaxation frame according to a third embodiment of the present invention. It is a horizontal sectional view of an impact force relaxation frame according to a first modification of the present invention. It is a horizontal sectional view of an impact force relaxation frame according to a second modification of the present invention.

In the present invention, instead of increasing the thickness of the concrete frame by adding concrete to the frame of the existing building, a covering member is arranged along the outer wall surface or the roof of the building body, The building itself is covered with a double structure to protect it.
Specifically, the impact force mitigating frame is a structure in which a high-rigidity covering member having a flat steel plate or a corrugated steel plate is disposed on the outer periphery of a building, and the impact force or the like provided between the covering member and the building surface. It is composed of gaps, granules, or concrete bodies that have an excellent energy absorption function, and can be used for reinforcement work, and it does not only increase the thickness of the concrete, but the impact force is reduced with a thin frame. Absorb.
In the first embodiment, an impact force mitigating frame composed of a frame member composed of a vertical member and a horizontal member, a covering member joined to the frame member, and a foundation for fixing the covering member to the ground is proposed. doing.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the embodiments, the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted or simplified.
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a building 1 provided with an impact force relaxation frame 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG.

  The building 1 is an existing building made of reinforced concrete, and the outer wall surface 1 </ b> A of the building 1 is provided with an outer peripheral column 2 and an outer peripheral beam 3. Further, an impact force relaxation frame 10 that reduces the impact force applied to the building 1 from the outside is attached to the outer wall surface 1A of the building 1.

  The impact force mitigating frame 10 includes a flat plate-shaped covering member 20 provided outside the building 1 at a predetermined distance from the outer wall surface 1A of the building 1, a fixing member 30 that fixes the covering member 20 to the building 1, And a base 40 for fixing the lower end of the covering member 20 to the ground.

The covering member 20 includes a frame member 21 provided in a lattice shape, and a flat plate 22 attached to the outer surface of the frame member 21.
A gap space 23 as an impact buffer layer is formed between the flat plate 22 and the outer wall surface 1A of the building 1.

  The frame member 21 includes a plurality of vertical members 21A extending in the vertical direction provided at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of horizontal members 21B provided at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction to connect the vertical members 21A to each other. 21 C of upper end horizontal members which connect the upper ends of 21 A of vertical members, and 21 D of lower end horizontal members which connect the lower ends of 21 A of vertical members are provided.

The vertical member 21A is, for example, an H-shaped steel, which is an H-400 × 200 ready-made shaped steel, extends below the ground surface along the surface of the outer peripheral column 2, and is rooted in the ground to be self-supporting. . The vertical member 21A is disposed such that the flange surface is substantially parallel to the outer wall surface 1A.
The horizontal member 21B is an H-shaped steel that is an H-250 × 250 ready-made shaped steel, and is disposed so that the flange surface is substantially parallel to the outer wall surface 1A.

The upper end horizontal member 21 </ b> C is, for example, H-400 × 200 H-section steel, and extends along the surface of the outer circumferential beam 3. The upper end horizontal member 21C is disposed such that the flange surface is substantially parallel to the outer wall surface 1A.
A net 24 is stretched over the upper end horizontal member 21C.
The lower end horizontal member 21D is, for example, H-400 × 200 H-section steel, and extends along the ground surface. The lower end horizontal member 21D is disposed such that the flange surface is substantially parallel to the outer wall surface 1A.

  The flat plate 22 is a steel plate having a thickness of 22 mm, and is joined to the outer flange surface of the vertical member 21A, the horizontal member 21B, and the upper end horizontal member 21C and the inner flange surface of the lower end horizontal member 21D.

The fixing member 30 fixes the vertical member 21 </ b> A to the side surface of the outer peripheral column 2 of the building 1 and fixes the horizontal member 21 </ b> B to the side surface of the outer peripheral beam 3.
The fixing member 30 includes a bolt 31 driven into the side surfaces of the outer peripheral column 2 and the outer peripheral beam 3 of the building 1 and a nut 32 screwed into the bolt 31.

The bolts 31 are, for example, M20 bolts, and are driven in two rows along the outer peripheral column 2 and the outer peripheral beam 3 at intervals of, for example, 500 mm by post-construction anchors.
The bolt 31 passes through the flanges of the vertical member 21 </ b> A and the horizontal member 21 </ b> B, and the vertical member 21 </ b> A and the horizontal member 21 </ b> B are fixed to the outer column 2 and the outer beam 3 by tightening the nut 32 to the bolt 31. .

  The foundation 40 is a reinforced concrete structure built in the ground, and the lower end horizontal member 21 </ b> D is fixed to the foundation 40.

  When the object P such as a flying object or explosive collides with the flat plate 22, the above-described impact force alleviating frame 10 is deformed to absorb the impact force due to the object P as shown by a broken line in FIG. 5. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the impact force from reaching the building 1. At this time, since the gap space 23 is provided between the building 1 and the flat plate 22, deformation of the flat plate 22 is allowed in the gap space 23.

According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) When an object P such as a flying object or an explosive object collides with the flat plate 22 of the covering member 20, the flat plate 22 is deformed and absorbs an impact force caused by the object P, thereby preventing the impact force from being applied to the building 1. it can. At this time, since the gap space 23 is provided between the building 1 and the flat plate 22, deformation of the flat plate 22 is allowed in the gap space 23.
Therefore, when the covering member 20 is deformed due to the collision of the object P, only the deformed portion of the covering member 20 needs to be replaced, so that the repair work is facilitated. Moreover, since it is only necessary to attach the impact force relaxation frame 10 to the outside of the building, it can be easily applied to existing buildings.

(2) Since the covering member 20 is configured using a general-purpose H-shaped steel and steel plate, the covering member 20 can be manufactured with a simple configuration.
Further, the covering member 20 was attached to the outer peripheral column 2 and the outer peripheral beam 3 by the fixing member 30. Since the outer peripheral pillar 2 and the outer peripheral beam 3 constitute the skeleton of the building 1 and have high rigidity, the impact force acting on the covering member 20 can be reliably received.

  (3) Moreover, when the vertical member 21A constituting the frame member 21 is inserted into the ground and made self-supporting, when receiving an impact load, the covering member 20 fixed to the frame member 21 first. By damaging and deforming and absorbing the impact force, it is possible to prevent the building body from being directly damaged.

[Second Embodiment]
In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, a fixing member is attached to the outer peripheral column surface or the outer peripheral beam surface of the building, and a covering member is joined to the fixing member. Between them, the granular material is filled and the energy of the impact force can be absorbed.

FIG. 6 is a horizontal sectional view of an impact force relaxation frame 10A according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the gap space 23 is filled with sand 50 which is a granular material as an impact buffer layer.

According to this embodiment, in addition to the effects (1) to (3) described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(4) Since the gap 50 between the building 1 and the covering member 20 is filled with the sand 50 that is granular, when the object P collides with the covering member 20 and the covering member 20 is deformed, the sand 50 flows, The impact kinetic energy can be absorbed by converting the kinetic energy of the collision into thermal energy.
Further, when the object P penetrates the covering member 20, the object P enters the sand 50 filled with the object P, and the kinetic energy of the object P can be consumed greatly.

[Third Embodiment]
In 3rd Embodiment, the concrete body with a steel plate is arrange | positioned in the building outer peripheral part as an impact-force mitigation frame. As for the method of joining the building body and the concrete body with steel plates, the vertical members (H-type steel materials) constituting the frame members joined to the steel plates are fixed to the outer frame of the building and the frame frames of the outer beams (bolts and nuts). It is fixed with.

FIG. 7 is a horizontal sectional view of an impact force relaxation frame 10B according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the structure of the covering member 20A is different from that of the first embodiment.
That is, in the covering member 20A, studs 60 are provided on the flat plate 22 at predetermined intervals, and the gap space 23 is filled with concrete 61 as an impact buffer layer.

According to this embodiment, in addition to the effects (1) to (3) described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(5) Since the covering member 20A is a steel plate and the concrete 61 is filled in the gap between the covering member 20A and the building 1, the impact resistance performance of the covering member 20A can be improved.
Moreover, when constructing the impact force relaxation frame 10B, the concrete 61 can be placed using the flat plate 22 which is a steel plate as a mold, so that the construction is easy.

  (6) The impact force relaxation frame 10B, which is a concrete body with a steel plate, is provided so as to be in contact with the outer wall surface 1A of the building 1, the side surface of the outer peripheral column 2, and the side surface of the outer peripheral beam 3. The outer casing and the impact force relaxation frame 10B can be made to resist as a unit.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications, improvements, etc. within a scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
For example, in the first and second embodiments described above, as shown in FIG. 8, the support member 51 extending obliquely from the flange on the building 1 side of the vertical member 21A toward the building side flange of the horizontal member 21B is provided. Also good.
In this way, when the impact force is applied to the covering member 20, the support member 51 supports the horizontal member 21B, so that deformation of the covering member 20 can be suppressed.

Moreover, in each above-mentioned embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, you may provide the supporting member 51 extended diagonally toward the flat plate 22 from the flange by the side of the building 1 of 21 A of vertical members.
In this way, when the impact force is applied to the covering member 20, the support member 51 supports the flat plate 22, so that deformation of the covering member 20 can be suppressed.

Moreover, in each above-mentioned embodiment, although the impact force relaxation frame 10, 10A, 10B was applied to the building 1 which is an existing building, you may apply not only to this but a new building.
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the impact force relaxation frames 10, 10 </ b> A, and 10 </ b> B are provided on the outer wall surface 1 </ b> A of the building 1, but not limited thereto, may be provided on the roof surface of the building 1.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the flat plate 22 is a steel plate. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any material may be used as long as it absorbs collision energy.

P ... Object 1 ... Building 1A ... Outer wall surface 2 ... Peripheral column 3 ... Peripheral beam 10, 10A, 10B ... Impact force mitigating frame 20, 20A ... Cover member 21 ... Frame member 21A ... Vertical member 21B ... Horizontal member 21C ... Upper end Horizontal member 21D ... Lower end horizontal member 22 ... Flat plate 23 ... Crevice space (impact buffer layer)
24 ... Net 30 ... Fixing member 31 ... Bolt 32 ... Nut 40 ... Base 50 ... Sand (granular body) (impact buffer layer)
51 ... Support member 60 ... Stud 61 ... Concrete (impact buffer layer)
70, 71 ... support members

Claims (4)

An impact force relaxation structure that relieves impact loads applied from inside and outside the building,
A flat covering member provided on the outside of the building at a predetermined distance from the surface of the building;
A fixing member for fixing the covering member to an outer peripheral column and an outer peripheral beam of the building,
An impact force mitigating frame, wherein an impact buffer layer is formed between the building and the covering member. An impact force relaxation structure that relieves impact loads applied from inside and outside the building,
A flat covering member provided on the outside of the building at a predetermined distance from the surface of the building;
A fixing member for fixing the covering member to the building;
A foundation provided in the ground and fixed at the lower end of the covering member ,
An impact force mitigating frame, wherein an impact buffer layer is formed between the building and the covering member. The impact buffer layer according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the impact buffer layer is provided with a gap space or filled with a granular material. The covering member is a steel plate,
The impact force reducing frame according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein concrete is filled between the covering member and the surface of the building.

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