JP6363358B2 - 胞子または芽胞を用いた非水系物質変換方法およびバイオリアクター - Google Patents
胞子または芽胞を用いた非水系物質変換方法およびバイオリアクター Download PDFInfo
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Description
筆者らは、液体培養系と比較して溶媒耐性を発揮できる培養システムとして、固/液界面または液/液界面培養法を土台としつつ、従来技術では使用不可能であった中極性溶媒にも耐性を付与できる、新規な微生物変換システムの構築を図った。その結果、様々なストレスに耐性を示し、かつ生体触媒として機能しうる胞子または芽胞を用いることによって、本課題を解決し得ることを見出した。
本実施の形態の物質変換方法は、培養槽12に、胞子または芽胞14、胞子または芽胞14に栄養を供給するための水溶液、胞子または芽胞14および水溶液を保持する担体32を含む複合層30と、脂溶性の基質Xを含み担体32の一方の面に接触する有機層40と、を形成させる第1のステップと、複合層30に含まれる胞子または芽胞14を生体触媒として、基質Xを反応させて反応生成物X’を得る第2のステップと、を含む。
図1(B)は、第2の実施の形態に係る物質変換方法を模式的に示す図である。
上述した物質変換方法は、医薬品原料の生産などに適用することが想定される。たとえば様々な酸化還元反応に用いることができる。このような反応として、たとえば基質Xとしてベンジルを用いて(S)−ベンゾインを生成する反応、基質Xとしてプロゲステロンを用いて11α−ヒドロキシプロゲステロンを生成する反応が挙げられる。胞子または芽胞14を適宜選択することにより、これらの生産を容易に効率化することができる。
アスペルギルス・ソーヤ(Aspergillus sojae)NBRC32074は、芳香族ジケトンであるべンジルの2つのカルボニル基のうちの片方だけを立体選択的に還元して、光学分割剤や医薬品原料として有用な(S)−ベンゾインを与える。
本比較例は、胞子をろ過板に固定化せず、振盪培養した点が実施例1と異なる。具体的には、実施例1で調製した胞子懸濁液25mlを250ml容三角フラスコに分注し、直ちに1%ベンジル/メチルシクロヘキサン溶液5mlを添加して、25℃、200rpmで加温・振盪を10日間継続した(水/メチルシクロヘキサン二相系反応)。振盪開始後5日目と10日目に有機層を採取して、高速液体クロマトグラフィーで(S)−ベンゾインの濃度を測定した。
リゾプス・オリゼー(Rhizopus oryzae)NBRC5781は、プロゲステロンの11位をα−水酸化して、医薬中間体として有用な11α−ヒドロキシプロゲステロンを生成する。
実施例2で調製した胞子懸濁液25mlを250ml容三角フラスコに分注し、直ちに2%プロゲステロン/エチルベンゼン溶液5mlを添加して、28℃、200rpmで加温および振置を10日間継続した(水/エチルベンゼン二相系反応)。振盪開始後5日目と10日目に有機層を採取して、高速液体クロマトグラフィーで11α−ヒドロキシプロゲステロンの濃度を測定した。
水層と有機層の界面における種々の胞子または芽胞の生育性を確認した。
Claims (6)
- 培養槽に、胞子または芽胞、前記胞子または芽胞に栄養を供給するための水溶液、前記胞子または芽胞および前記水溶液を保持する担体を含む複合層と、脂溶性の基質を含み前記担体の一方の面に接触する有機層と、を形成させる第1のステップと、
前記複合層に含まれる胞子または芽胞を生体触媒として、前記基質を反応させる第2のステップと、を含み、
前記有機層は、logP値が1.7〜3.86の有機溶媒を主溶媒とし、
前記第2のステップにおける基質の反応が補酵素要求性の反応であり、前記胞子または芽胞は生きた状態で前記反応を行うことを特徴とする物質変換方法。 - 前記胞子または芽胞は、糸状菌もしくは放線菌の胞子、または細菌の芽胞であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の物質変換方法。
- 前記担体は、天然高分子もしくは合成高分子を主成分とする親水性ゲル、セルロース材を主成分とするろ過板もしくはビーズ、または無機材から板状もしくは粒状に形成された含水性を有する成形物であって、少なくとも前記一方の面に前記胞子または芽胞を吸着し得ることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の物質変換方法。
- 前記担体に含まれる水溶液は、前記胞子または芽胞のエネルギー源として、糖質、脂肪酸またはポリオールの少なくとも1つを含み、窒素源を実質的に含まないことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の物質変換方法。
- 前記第1のステップは、前記担体の他方の面に接触する水層を形成させることをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の物質変換方法。
- 培養槽と、
胞子または芽胞、前記胞子または芽胞に栄養を供給するための水溶液、前記胞子または芽胞および前記水溶液を保持する担体を含む複合層と、
脂溶性の基質を含む有機溶媒から構成され、前記担体の少なくとも一方の面に接触する有機層と、を備え、
前記胞子または芽胞の少なくとも一部は、前記有機溶媒と接することによって、前記脂溶性の基質を物質変換し、前記脂溶性の基質の物質変換は補酵素要求性の反応であり、前記胞子または芽胞は生きた状態で前記物質変換を行い、
前記有機層は、logP値が1.7〜3.86の有機溶媒を主溶媒とすることを特徴とするバイオリアクター。
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