JP6356102B2 - Seawater and fresh water supply equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for supplying seawater and fresh water to an inland area away from a coast.

  Water is an indispensable substance for living on the earth, such as human bodies, crop cultivation, and livestock breeding, but water shortages in inland plains, developing countries, undeveloped land, desertification areas, etc. due to recent abnormal weather However, the current situation is that they are forced to have a hard time procuring domestic water.

  In addition, salt is one of the indispensable substances for human beings, but salt has been conventionally produced from seawater in many cases, and in areas where the water is not sufficiently supplied, there are many inland areas away from the coast. There is a problem that it is difficult to obtain.

  In the modern science and technology development, the technology to purify water is also progressing. For example, a means to use fresh water obtained by desalinating a large amount of seawater on the earth as domestic water such as drinking water has been taken. Yes. Further, in the fresh water production means using seawater as a raw material, energy saving is required, and a fresh water generation apparatus using sunlight, which is natural energy, is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication Nos. 2015-71151 and 2014-237118. Many proposals such as Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2014-171941 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2014-69094 have been proposed. Of course, since the fresh water producing apparatus presented in the above publication uses seawater as a raw material, it is also possible to supply salt or concentrated seawater as a by-product.

  However, many of them use vacuum equipment, use power obtained by solar panels, use reverse osmosis membranes, etc., all of which require large-scale equipment and a large site, and in addition, regularly It is difficult to say that energy saving is sufficient, such as replacement of parts and maintenance.

  Therefore, the seawater that has a relatively simple structure of generating fresh water (fresh water) from seawater by irradiating the seawater flowing down the inclined water pipe with sunlight and distilling and cooling the seawater in the water pipe A desalination apparatus is presented in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-200747.

  As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 13, the desalination apparatus for producing fresh water from seawater presented in this publication includes a hot water channel 102 (102m, 102n) and a unit for collecting fresh water. Distillation water channel 103 (103m, 103n) and cooling water channel 104 are formed. Seawater flows through the hot water channel 102 from one end of the unit pipe 101 toward the other end. The distilled water channel 103 is provided so that water vapor generated from seawater can flow from the hot water channel 102. The cooling water channel 104 is provided at a position adjacent to the distilled water channel 103. In the cooling water channel 104, cooling seawater flows between one end and the other end of the unit pipe 101. The unit tube 101 has a light-transmitting part 105 that allows sunlight to pass through the hot water channel 102, and the seawater that flows through the first channel using the energy of sunlight that has passed through the light-transmitting part. Or evaporate sewage. Water vapor generated along with the evaporation of seawater or sewage flows into the second flow path and is condensed by being cooled by a cooling fluid flowing through the third flow path. In addition, it has an advantage that it can be realized at a lower cost than a seawater desalination apparatus using members made of expensive materials.

  However, as shown in FIG. 14, the desalination apparatus presented in this publication operates the entire apparatus on the coast, and requires a very large installation area. Furthermore, it is necessary to circulate seawater taken from the coast in the cooling water channel 104 shown in FIG. 13 for the purpose of improving the cooling efficiency, and forcibly cool it, resulting in a problem that facilities and costs increase.

  In particular, since fresh water (distilled water) generated on the shore is stored in a fresh water storage tank 106 installed on the shore, a large capacity fresh water storage tank is required and it is necessary for storage to use. In particular, the water-deficient area is an inland area away from the coast, and the generated fresh water is divided into containers, for example, or mounted on vehicles such as tank cars to lengthen the land route. It needs to be transported over time, and when a small-capacity container is filled, it will be expensive to procure the container and it will be necessary to consider the disposal of the container after use. When transporting containers with a relatively large capacity such as the above, it is necessary to have a large-capacity storage tank for storing fresh water (fresh water) transported to inland areas and quality control during storage. There is also Ri health problems.

  The same is true for salt, which is another daily necessities, and it was necessary to pack the products manufactured in the coastal area and transport them to inland areas.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-71151 JP, 2014-237118, A JP 2014-171941 A JP 2014-69094 A JP 2011-200747 A

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the above-described conventional fresh water (fresh water) generation apparatus using seawater as a raw material, and utilizes natural energy sunlight and requires a complicated apparatus. The equipment cost is low and the maintenance is relatively easy. In particular, it does not require a large tank or a container for transporting the generated fresh water, and it is not necessary to transport it using a vehicle such as a tank car. There is no need to secure a transport path. Inland, fresh water can be used in the same way as ordinary water, and seawater (or salt) necessary for daily life can be supplied together with water. It is an object to provide a fresh water supply device.

  The seawater and fresh water supply device according to the present invention made to solve the above problems includes a seawater intake device installed on the coast and a long water supply pipe for supplying seawater taken by the intake device to an inland area. And a plurality of relay stations installed at predetermined intervals on the water pipe, and a pair of partition walls extending in the length direction on the inner bottom surface of the water pipe are set up at predetermined intervals, so A fresh water channel is formed on both sides of the water channel, and a ventilation gap is provided between the top surface of the partition wall and the inner upper surface of the water channel, and the top wall of the water channel The cross-sectional shape in the width direction is a circular arc shape with the center raised, and the portion located above the seawater waterway is formed on a sunshine wall for taking solar energy into the seawater waterway, Seawater supplied to the waterway Water vapor generated by evaporation of solar energy irradiated from the sunshine wall is saturated in the water supply pipe, introduced into the fresh water supply channel through the ventilation gap, and fresh water generated as water droplets by natural cooling is generated as fresh water. The seawater and fresh water can be transported and supplied to inland areas by sequentially dropping and merging into a water supply channel.

  According to the present invention, fresh water can be generated from seawater simply by using the water energy to flow the seawater from the coast toward the inland at a very slow speed and irradiate it in the meantime. Needless to say, since fresh water is sent to the inland by a water pipe laid to the inland, a transport means for the generated fresh water, such as a fresh water (fresh water) device using raw seawater as raw water, Since it is not necessary to provide a storage means in the inland area, the equipment cost, maintenance fee, transportation cost, etc. can be omitted, which is extremely advantageous in terms of economy and labor.

  In addition, according to the present invention, fresh water is supplied to inland areas, but seawater (salt) necessary for daily life can also be supplied at the same time, which is extremely effective and does not require treatment of residues. is there.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, when a return member is projected on the inner surface of the partition wall on the fresh water transmission channel side, the water vapor that has entered the fresh water transmission channel can be reliably returned to the sea water transmission channel again. When condensed to fresh water, the production efficiency of fresh water can be increased, and in addition, a return passage leading from the seawater water passage to the outer surface of the return member is formed at the proximal end of the return member of the partition wall. For example, when the seawater flowing down the seawater channel is scattered for some reason, for example, it passes over the partition wall and returns to the seawater channel from the return path through the return member. There is no worry of being mixed in the fresh water that is stored in the fresh water supply channel.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, if the seawater and fresh water in the water pipe are sent by natural flow using the gradient of the installed water pipe, if the sea water is pumped to a predetermined height, there will be a particular hindrance to the subsequent transport. Otherwise, it can be transported without the need for power, and if there is a step or the like, it is only necessary to pump water using that power, which is economically superior.

  In particular, in the present invention, it is possible to adjust the water pipe so that the natural water can flow down by the relay station arranged at a predetermined interval in the water pipe, and the sea water channel in the relay station portion of the water pipe It is also possible to stop the flow of seawater in the seawater waterway and fresh water in the freshwater waterway together or separately by providing a means for stopping the freshwater waterway. On a cloudy day, the flow rate can be adjusted by stopping the flow, and further, a seawater storage tank and a fresh water storage tank are arranged at the relay station, and the seawater storage tank, the seawater waterway, By connecting a fresh water storage tank and a fresh water supply channel with a seawater supply / drainage pipe and a freshwater supply / drainage pipe, respectively, Not only can the flow rate of seawater and fresh water flowing through the water channel be adjusted, but the water supply / drainage pipe can be branched and supplied downstream of the water pipe where it does not flow naturally. Even when the installation location has a reverse slope or when there is a stepped portion at the installation location of the water pipe, seawater can be fed over these locations.

  Furthermore, when a means for taking out fresh water and salt (salt water) generated in the water pipe is installed in the part installed in the relay station, the water pipe is installed in a desired relay station installed in the inland area. Products such as fresh water, concentrated seawater, and salt stored in can be collected, so that necessary products such as fresh water can be taken out not only at the final point of the water pipe but also at intermediate relay stations. In addition, the maintenance opening / closing port leading to the water pipe is formed at the relay station, so that maintenance, cleaning, repair and the like in the water pipe can be performed.

  Further, in the present invention, the water intake device includes a filter installed in the sea, a pumping means for pumping seawater from the sea through the filter, and a natural flow type connected to the start end of the water pipe. By constructing from the filtration device, it is possible to use the fresh water obtained as it is for safe drinking as it is by purifying the seawater that is the raw material contained in the seawater to be put into the water pipe in advance. There is no need to install a purification device, which is very convenient and safe for the user, and since impurities do not remain in the water pipe, cleaning and maintenance are easy.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to supply safe and safe fresh water (fresh water) as a drink that is produced by distilling seawater at low cost without using a complicated device by utilizing natural energy, Fresh water does not need to be specially stored in a container or transported by a vehicle, but is transported to the downstream while being sequentially generated by the flow in the water pipe, and taken like normal clean water at a desired position. In addition to being very economical and convenient, it is easy to check and maintain, and can also supply salt water and salt necessary for daily life.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the water pipe used for preferable embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the water pipe shown in FIG. 1. It is a schematic side view of the water intake device used for this invention. It is the side schematic diagram which shows the installation state of preferable embodiment of this invention using the water pipe shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 4. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in embodiment of the part in which the relay station of the water pipe used for FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 was installed. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the width direction which shows embodiment of the part in which the relay station from which a water pipe differs is installed. FIG. 8 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view along the length direction of FIG. 7. It is the side schematic diagram which shows the installation state of preferable embodiment of this invention using the water supply pipe | tube shown in FIG. 1 which shared the relay station shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a plan view of FIG. 9. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows embodiment of the different water pipe used for this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows embodiment of the further different water pipe used for this invention. It is sectional drawing of the cross section of the unit pipe | tube of a prior art example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the installation state using the unit pipe | tube of the prior art example shown in the said FIG.

  Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on a preferred embodiment shown in the drawings.

  1 and 2 show longitudinal sections in the width direction and length direction of a water pipe 1 used in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, respectively. The water pipe 1 is long and has a substantially rectangular cross section. The pair of partition walls 11, 11 extending in the length direction at the bottom of the inner surface are erected at a predetermined interval, whereby the seawater water channel 12 is formed at the center and the fresh water water channels 13, 13 are formed on both sides thereof. In addition, ventilation gaps 15 and 15 are provided between the top surfaces of the partition walls 11 and the inner upper surface of the water pipe 1, and the top wall 14 of the water pipe 1 has a cross-sectional shape in the width direction. Is formed in a circular arc shape with a raised center and located above the seawater waterway 12, for example, by a material such as transparent glass or a transparent hard synthetic resin having heat resistance, and the solar energy is supplied to the seawater waterway 12. To the sunshine wall 16 for taking in It has been made.

  Further, in the outer portion constituting the water supply pipe 1, the portions 17, 17 and the side walls 18, 18 positioned above the fresh water supply passages 13, 13 in the top wall 14 excluding the sunshine wall 16 are irradiated. It is preferable to be formed of a material that hardly absorbs the heat of the sun.

  Further, in the water pipe 1 according to the present embodiment, the return members 19 and 19 are directed obliquely upward at a predetermined angle toward the inner surface of the fresh water water passages 13 and 13 at the tops of the partition walls 11 and 11. In addition, return passages 20 and 20 are formed at the branch portions of the return members 19 and 19 from the seawater water passage 12 to the outer surfaces of the return members 19 and 19 of the partition walls 11 and 11, respectively.

  The water pipe 1 having such a configuration is, for example, an inland area 5 having no water source suitable for drinking from the coast 4 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 through a water intake device 25 installed on the coast 4 shown in FIG. It is installed with a gradient that gently descends from the coast 4 toward the inland 5 by the relay station 8 arranged at a predetermined interval toward the center.

  The water intake device 25 is used to input seawater taken on the coast to the beginning with a height in the water pipe 1 installed toward the inland, but in the present embodiment, it exists in the sea. A filter 6 disposed in the sea for the purpose of preventing the entry of relatively large impurities such as floating waste, inhabited or dead plants or various organisms into the seawater, and the filter 6 The filtration device comprises a pumping means (not shown) such as a pump for pumping the seawater 2 from the sea, and a filtration device 7 connected to the start end of the water pipe 1 for filtering the pumped seawater 2. The purpose of No. 7 is to obtain safe and safe fresh water by purifying in advance fine impurities that are not suitable for drinking contained in seawater that is the raw material of fresh water to be introduced into the water pipe 1. In it, there is no need to install a purifying device to hinterland 5, is very convenient for the user because it is immediately available. In particular, in the present embodiment, the filtration device 7 has a plurality of filtration tanks 71, 72, 73 having outlets formed at predetermined height positions on installation bases 74, 75, 76 having different heights. Impurities in the seawater are filtered out from the first filtration tank 71 at the uppermost stage to the final filtration tank 73 at the lowermost stage in the course of the seawater 2 pumped up from the coast 4 through the filter 6. 73 is a natural flow type that is precipitated and filtered sequentially in 73, and unlike natural filtration devices, it uses natural energy to save labor, and the filtration tanks 71, 72, Since the deposit deposited in 73 can be easily removed using the deposit cleaning ports 77, 78, 79 formed on the bottom walls of the filtration tanks 71, 72, 73, maintenance and management are also easy. In this embodiment, three filtration tanks 71, 72, 73 are used. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The number of filtration tanks depends on the degree of contamination of seawater on the shore where water is taken, and the topography to be installed. What is necessary is just to select an optimal thing by selecting a magnitude | size.

  Further, as described above, in this embodiment, the water pipe 1 arranged from the coast 4 to the inland 5 is installed via the relay station 8 arranged at a predetermined interval toward the inland 5. 1 is adjusted so that the installation height is gradually lowered from the coast 4 to the inland 5 and the seawater 2 taken from the intake device 25 (upstream) installed on the coast 4 to the inland 5 (downstream) is used for seawater. It is arranged so as to have a very gentle gradient as a whole so that it naturally flows down at a very gentle speed in the water channel 12.

  In addition, when it is difficult to install the water pipe 1 with such a gradient that the seawater 2 supplied from the first relay station 8 installed on the coast 4 reaches the final inland 5 due to the terrain to be installed. For example, it may be allowed to flow down by using a pumping pump (not shown) or the like at an appropriate location of the relay station 8, but energy saving can be achieved by allowing the seawater 2 to flow by natural flow as much as possible. .

  And while the seawater 2 supplied to the seawater channel 12 in the water pipe 1 as described above flows down the seawater channel 12, sunlight passes through the sunshine wall 16 as shown in FIG. Is heated by solar energy and evaporated from the surface portion to become high-pressure water vapor and rises in the water pipe 1 and the water pipe 1 is filled with water vapor, and a part of the water vapor has a central cross-sectional shape. The water vapor introduced into the fresh water supply passages 13, 13 from the gaps 15, 15 along the inner surface of the arcuate top wall 14 having a height increased, and the water vapor introduced into the fresh water supply passages 13, 13 is supplied to the fresh water supply passage 13, 13. 13 are naturally cooled at the side walls 18, 18 and the top walls 17, 17, are condensed to a low pressure, and are stored in fresh water supply channels 13, 13 formed as water droplets of fresh water 3. .

  In particular, in the present embodiment, as described above, the return members 19 and 19 are formed on the top surfaces of the partition walls 11 and 11 on the inner surfaces of the fresh water supply channels 13 and 13 and obliquely upward at a predetermined angle. Therefore, the water vapor generated by heating the seawater 2 flowing through the seawater waterway 12 by solar energy and entering the freshwater waterways 13, 13 is reentered into the seawater waterway 12 by the return members 19, 19. However, since it is cooled and condensed in the fresh water supply passages 13 and 13 and stored as fresh water droplets, the presence of the return members 19 and 19 improves the production efficiency of fresh water.

  In addition, in the present embodiment, return passages 20, 20 that lead from the seawater water passage 12 to the outer surfaces of the return members 19, 19 of the partition walls 11, 11 are provided at the branch portions of the return members 19, 19 of the partition walls 11, 11. The incomplete water vapor that is formed and contains seawater 2 or scattered seawater 2 is prevented from entering the fresh water supply channels 13, 13 beyond the partition walls 11, 11 and has good purity ( It is a mechanism that can produce fresh water (low salinity).

  Thus, this Embodiment produces | generates fresh water with sunlight energy in the process of flowing down the seawater 2 supplied to the water pipe 1 toward the inland land 5, and produced | generated fresh water and the seawater which increased the said salt concentration ( Or salt).

  FIG. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of the water pipe 1 portion for a portion where the relay station 8 used in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 is installed. The relay station 8 is located on the ground. It is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which a support base 82 is placed and supported on the top of the leg portions 81, 81 having a predetermined height to be installed, and the seawater water channel 12 of the bottom wall 21 in the water pipe 1. A window hole 83 communicating with the openable / closable through window 22 formed in the portion and provided with an opening / closing device (not shown) is provided.

  Accordingly, the administrator can open the window hole 83 and take out the sediment (concentrated salt water or salt in the downstream) generated from the sea water 2 during operation in the sea water supply channel 12 from the through window 22. The product can be taken out and maintained, such as measurement of fluctuations in the salinity concentration of the seawater 2, removal of concentrated salt water and salt, and removal of impurities.

  Furthermore, a water stop device (not shown) such as an elevating water stop plate capable of blocking the seawater water supply channel 12 and the fresh water water supply channels 13, 13 at the installation portion of the relay station 8 in the water supply pipe 1. 2), the flow of the seawater 2 flowing down the seawater waterway 12 of the water pipe 1 and the flow of fresh water 3 flowing down the freshwater waterways 13, 13 can be prevented. If it is not suitable for evaporation of water, the pumping (not shown) pumping off the coast 4 can be stopped by controlling the flow of the seawater 2 by shutting it off at night outside the sunshine hours to save power. Furthermore, it is possible to omit the recovery work downstream of the seawater with much water due to the wasteful flow of the seawater 2.

  Furthermore, the depth of the seawater 2 in the seawater waterway 12 between the waterstops can be adjusted at the time so that the waterstop can be adjusted to the predetermined height position of the seawater 2 as well as the total water shutoff. By adjusting the capacity of the seawater 2 flowing down the seawater waterway 12 by adjusting it according to the solar radiation energy that can be acquired in the sea, the sunlight can be utilized to the maximum by changing it so as to be optimal according to the weather. Water vapor can also be generated efficiently.

  In addition, in the present embodiment, the fresh water water supply passages 13 and 13 in the bottom wall 21 of the water supply pipe 1 are also communicated with the through windows 23 and 23 in the same manner as that formed in the seawater water supply passage 12. Window holes 84 and 84 having an opening / closing device (not shown) are installed, and deposits can be taken out as in the case of the seawater channel 12.

  In the present embodiment, for example, the fresh water supply channel 13 is formed by installing the intake valves 85a, 85b, 85c at predetermined height positions of the side walls 18, 18 of the water supply pipe 1 forming the fresh water supply channel 13, 13. In addition to having the advantage of being able to take water avoiding solids that are not suitable for drinking and floating matter near the water surface that accumulate on the bottom of the water, each water intake valve 85a is provided by installing a plurality of them at different heights. , 85b and 85c are configured so that water cannot be taken in unless the water level of the fresh water 3 flowing down in the fresh water supply channels 13 and 13 is exceeded, and the side walls 18 and 18 are shielded from sunlight in order to increase the cooling effect. Even when it is made of an opaque material that enables it, there is an effect that the water level of the fresh water 3 can be confirmed, and in the inland area 5 where the fresh water supply channel 13 also serves as a water storage tank, it is planned. To intake fresh water 3 without waste required amount by the water also.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, natural flow is adopted as a conveying means as much as possible, so that a tank that stores fresh water generated on the coast like a conventional device that generates fresh water from seawater on the coast. In addition, it is very easy and easy to supply inland land that does not require a container for transport and a transport vehicle, and that cannot secure a transport land route by a vehicle. Of course, it is also necessary to install a water supply pipe separately from the generator Not economically superior.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, since the opening / closing doors 86 and 86 for maintenance are installed on the side walls 18 and 18 of the water pipe 1 at the installation portion of the relay station 8 in the water pipe 1, cleaning, maintenance management and repair are performed. Etc. can be facilitated.

  7 to 10 show different embodiments in which different relay stations 9 of the water pipe 1 are installed, which is particularly effective when there is a step on the installation surface. This embodiment is basically installed in the water pipe 1 at a predetermined interval similarly to the relay station 8 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, and is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. For example, for the parts to which reference numerals are attached, for example, products and precipitates are taken out, and cleaning and maintenance in the water pipe 1 are almost the same, so detailed explanations are omitted.

  The present embodiment can be used even if it is used instead of the relay station 8, but is suitable for use in a place where there is a step at the relay point as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, for example. . A difference from the relay station 8 is that a water stop plate 21 is installed at the end of the water pipe 1 to block the seawater 2 and fresh water 3 flowing down by closing the seawater waterway 12 and the freshwater waterways 13 and 13. The seawater storage tank 91 and the freshwater storage tank 92 are disposed, and the seawater storage tank 91 and the seawater water supply channel 12 are connected to each other by a seawater supply / drainage pipe 93. 92 and fresh water water supply passages 13 and 13 are connected by fresh water supply and drainage pipes 94 and 95, respectively.

  The seawater supply / drainage pipe 93 supplies the seawater 2 stored in the seawater transmission channel 12 to the seawater storage tank 91 by the water stopping plate 21 by a water supply / drainage pump (not shown), and stores the seawater 2 stored. Is supplied to the seawater water supply passage 12 of the water supply pipe 1 installed downstream of the relay station 9 by a supply pipe 97 connected to the seawater supply / drainage pipe 93 via a valve 96. In the drawings, reference numerals 83 and 98 denote maintenance window holes provided with an open / close door (not shown).

  As described above, in the present embodiment, when the water pipe 1 cannot be arranged with a gradient that allows natural flow down at a relay point with a step or the like, the seawater that has been sent to the downstream water pipe 1 is relayed. By retransmitting, the seawater 2 can be sent to the target inland.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, the water supply pipe 1 that relays the seawater storage tank 91 is installed at a higher position than the seawater waterway 12, so that it is supplied by natural fall.

  In the present embodiment, the fresh water 3 generated up to the relay station 9 is also stopped, but the fresh water storage tank 92 is supplied by the fresh water supply / drain pipes 94, 95 by a water supply / drainage pump (not shown). Keep it in place. Since the fresh water 3 is newly produced by the seawater 2 flowing down the post-relay water pipe 1, it is not necessary to supply the stored fresh water to the post-relay water pipe 1 in the same way as seawater. If a large amount of fresh water 3 is required downstream, the same configuration as sea water may be used to supply the fresh water water supply channels 13 and 13 of the post-relay water pipe 1.

  As described above, when the relay station 9 according to the present embodiment is used, it is possible to relay with less energy even when there is a step in the installation location of the water pipe 1 and water supply by natural flow is difficult. .

  In addition, since the seawater storage tank 91 and the seawater water supply channel 12 before relaying are connected to the seawater water supply / drainage pipe 93 and the supply pipe 97 via the valve 96, not only corresponds to the installation at the step, By using it at a relay point where there is no level difference, the amount of evaporation is small due to the influence of nighttime or weather during the flow, and the amount of seawater 2 flowing down the water pipe 1 is larger than the setting. In the relay station 9 shown in the embodiment, the flow of water is stopped and the stored excess seawater 2 is temporarily stored in the seawater storage tank 91 and arranged downstream of the relay point when solar energy can be obtained. In the case where the amount of water in the seawater 2 is reduced from the planned amount due to the supply of water to the water pipe 1 sequentially, or conversely, the amount of water in the seawater 2 has decreased from the planned amount until the relay point. To use a storage tank 91 in advance and stored seawater 2, it can be supplied to the water pipe 2 which is located downstream of the relay point.

  Thus, the relay station 9 shown in the present embodiment not only continuously flows down the seawater 2 at the relay point where there is a step as described above, but also during the season, night, rain and typhoons before and after the relay point. The capacity of the seawater 2 can be adjusted in response to a change in the capacity of the seawater 2 flowing through the seawater waterway 12 due to a change in weather. Therefore, the fresh water 3 can be generated efficiently while preventing wasteful flow of the seawater 2.

  In addition, the capacity of the seawater storage tank 91 is selected to be suitable for adjusting the amount of seawater 2 by selecting the optimum capacity based on the weather environment and topography of the inland 5 to be installed. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the cost of installation, setting, maintenance, etc. For example, the storage for seawater 2 in which the storage of seawater 2 at a relay point of seawater 2 continues in advance due to the days when the supply of solar energy is low continues. When the capacity of the tank 91 is exceeded, the seawater 2 can be drained to the outside of the water pipe 1 indirectly or directly through the openings 83 and 98 for maintenance, for example.

  In addition, the relay station 9 shown in the present embodiment mainly explained the adjustment effect of the seawater 2. However, as described above, the fresh water storage tank generated for the fresh water 3 generated upstream of the relay point and reaching the relay point. The fresh water once stored in the fresh water storage tank 92 is supplied to the water pipe 1 arranged downstream of the relay point as in the case of the seawater. In this case, the fresh water 3 can be quantitatively supplied to the inland 5 regardless of the day and night, the weather, the season, and the like, similarly to the seawater 2.

  Further, FIG. 11 shows a different embodiment of the water pipe 1 in the present invention, and the overall configuration is almost the same as that of the above embodiment, but the cross section of the water pipe 1 is almost the same as that of the above embodiment. The top wall 14 portion is formed wider than the bottom wall 10 while being square, and the area of the sunlight wall 16 portion formed on the top wall 14 corresponding to the seawater water channel 12 is wide. Is formed.

  Therefore, since the surface area of the seawater 2 flowing down the seawater channel 12 and the area of the sunshine wall 16 are increased, it is possible to supply a large amount of solar energy and efficiently evaporate the seawater 2. Moreover, since the depth can be reduced even if the same volume of seawater flows down, the solar energy absorption efficiency per unit area can be efficiently and efficiently evaporated.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since the wide top wall 14 is obtained by inclining the side walls 18, 18, the bottom wall 10 that is the installation surface is not widened, so that the wide top wall 14 is secured. In addition to having the advantage that only a small installation surface is required, the partition walls 11, 11 arranged in the water pipe 1 are also inclined in the direction of the fresh water water supply paths 13, 13, so that the return shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. The members 19 and 19 and the return passages 20 and 20 do not have to be provided, which is easy to manufacture and economical.

  In addition, the water pipe 1 shown in this Embodiment can ensure more sunshine time, for example, when the installation direction of the water pipe 1 is arranged with the width direction facing east and west.

  Further, FIG. 12 shows a further different embodiment of the water pipe 1 used in the present invention, and the overall configuration is substantially the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. The cross section of the water supply pipe 1 is different from that of the above embodiment in the shape of a square, whereas it is circular. The usage method of this embodiment is almost the same as that of the above embodiment, but can be appropriately selected and used according to the terrain and environment to be installed. In the figure, reference numeral 86 denotes an opening / closing door for cleaning and maintenance in the water pipe 1.

  1 water pipe, 2 seawater, 3 fresh water, 4 coast, 5 inland, 6 filter, 7 filtration device, 8 relay station, 9 relay station, 10 bottom wall, 11 bulkhead, 12 seawater waterway, 13 freshwater waterway , 14 Top wall, 15 Gap, 16 Sunlight wall, 17 Top wall, 18 Side wall, 19 Return member, 20 Return passage, 21 Bottom wall, 22 Through window, 23 Through window, 25 Water intake device, 71, 72, 73 Filtration tank 74, 75, 76 Installation base, 77, 78, 79 Deposit cleaning port, 81 Leg, 82 Support base, 83 Window hole, 84 Window hole, 85a, 85b, 85c, 85d Water intake valve, 86 Opening / closing door, 91 Seawater storage tank, 92 Freshwater storage tank, 93 Seawater supply / drainage pipe, 94, 95 Freshwater supply / drainage pipe, 96 valve, 97 supply pipe, 98 Window hole

Claims (6)

A sea water intake device installed on the coast, a long water supply pipe for supplying sea water taken by the water intake device to an inland area, and a plurality of relay stations installed at predetermined intervals in the water supply pipe, A pair of partition walls extending in the length direction on the inner bottom surface of the water pipe are erected at a predetermined interval in the width direction, so that a sea water channel is formed in the center and a fresh water channel is formed on both sides thereof. In addition, a gap for ventilation is provided between the top surface of the partition wall and the inner upper surface of the water pipe, and a return member protrudes from the side surface of the top portion of the partition wall on the fresh water supply channel side. A return passage leading to the seawater water channel side is formed at the base of the return member, and the top wall of the water pipe has an arcuate shape with a cross-sectional shape in the width direction raised at the center and above the seawater water channel The part located at is solar energy It is formed in a sunshine wall for taking in the seawater channel, and the water pipe that is generated by evaporating the seawater supplied to the seawater channel by solar energy irradiated from the sunshine wall is fully saturated in the water pipe. The fresh water is introduced into the fresh water channel through the air gap, and the fresh water generated as water droplets by natural cooling is sequentially dropped and merged into the fresh water channel so that the seawater and fresh water can be transported and supplied to the inland area. A device for supplying seawater and fresh water. The seawater of claim 1, wherein the seawater and fresh water of the water supply tube with a gradient of water tract characterized by natural flow and fresh water supply. The seawater and fresh water supply device according to claim 2, wherein the relay station adjusts the gradient of the water pipe so that natural flow is possible. A seawater storage tank and a freshwater storage tank are disposed at the relay station, and the seawater storage tank and the seawater waterway, and the freshwater storage tank and the freshwater waterway are respectively connected to a seawater supply / drainage pipe and freshwater. The seawater according to claim 1, 2 or 3 , characterized in that the flow rate of seawater flowing through the seawater waterway of the water pipe and fresh water flowing through the freshwater waterway is adjustable. And fresh water supply equipment. In a portion where the relay station of the water pipe is installed, a water stop means for the sea water water passage and a fresh water water passage, a fresh water and salt (salt water) take-out means in the water pipe, and a maintenance opening in the water pipe The apparatus for supplying seawater and fresh water according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4 , wherein at least one of the following is formed. The water intake device includes a filter installed in the sea, a pumping means for pumping seawater from the sea through the filter, and a naturally-flowing filter device connected to the start end of the water pipe for the pumped seawater. The apparatus for supplying seawater and fresh water according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 .

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