JP6349779B2 - Seismic reinforcement fiber sheet - Google Patents
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- JP6349779B2 JP6349779B2 JP2014036332A JP2014036332A JP6349779B2 JP 6349779 B2 JP6349779 B2 JP 6349779B2 JP 2014036332 A JP2014036332 A JP 2014036332A JP 2014036332 A JP2014036332 A JP 2014036332A JP 6349779 B2 JP6349779 B2 JP 6349779B2
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 125
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
本発明は補強用繊維シートに関し、さらに詳細には高架の鉄道や高速道路などの橋脚や梁などの土木コンクリート構造物、建物の柱、および壁などを補強する補強用繊維シートに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a reinforcing fiber sheet, and more particularly to a reinforcing fiber sheet that reinforces civil engineering structures such as bridge piers and beams such as elevated railways and highways, building columns, and walls.
コンクリート製の建築構造物が多数存在するが、地震による破壊の耐久性の改善などの問題がある。コンクリート構造物耐久性改善のための補強、補修方法は、対象となるコンクリート製の柱を鉄板で覆う方法と補強用繊維シートをコンクリート面に貼り付け、もしくは巻きつける方法などがある。しかし鉄板で覆う方法は重い鉄板を扱うため重機や頑丈な足場が必要である。 There are many concrete building structures, but there are problems such as improving the durability of destruction caused by earthquakes. Reinforcing and repairing methods for improving the durability of concrete structures include a method of covering a target concrete pillar with an iron plate and a method of attaching or winding a reinforcing fiber sheet on a concrete surface. However, the method of covering with a steel plate requires heavy machinery and a sturdy scaffold to handle heavy iron plates.
補強用繊維シートを巻きつける方法は重量物を扱う重機の必要がなく施工が容易であり、狭いところでの施工が容易で、また工期が短縮できるなどの利点がある。 The method of winding the reinforcing fiber sheet is advantageous in that it does not require heavy machinery for handling heavy objects, is easy to construct, can be easily constructed in narrow spaces, and can shorten the construction period.
繊維シートによる補強方法は、引張強力が高い補強用繊維シートをアクリル樹脂、またはエポキシ樹脂によってコンクリート表面に接着させることにより行われる。その際、アクリル樹脂、またはエポキシ樹脂は繊維シートをコンクリートに接着させるだけでなく繊維シートに含浸し、シートの強度を向上させ、さらに繊維シートの強度をコンクリートに伝える媒介としての役割を果たす。 The reinforcing method using a fiber sheet is performed by adhering a reinforcing fiber sheet having a high tensile strength to a concrete surface with an acrylic resin or an epoxy resin. At that time, the acrylic resin or the epoxy resin not only adheres the fiber sheet to the concrete but also impregnates the fiber sheet to improve the strength of the sheet and further serves as a medium for transmitting the strength of the fiber sheet to the concrete.
補強用繊維シートにおいて耐力が高いシートが望まれるが、高耐力にするには単位幅当たりの繊維量、すなわちトータル繊度を多くしなければならない。その手段として繊維集合体としてのヤーンの太さを太くするか、単位幅当たりのヤーンの本数を増加する方法がとられるが、製織性、軽量性、樹脂含浸性を阻害する要因となっている。 A sheet having a high yield strength is desired among the reinforcing fiber sheets, but in order to achieve a high yield strength, the amount of fibers per unit width, that is, the total fineness must be increased. As the means, a method of increasing the thickness of the yarn as the fiber assembly or increasing the number of yarns per unit width is taken, but this is a factor that hinders weaving property, lightness, and resin impregnation property. .
特許文献１には、補強用繊維の繊度を高くして布状に製織し、これをコンクリート構造物に巻きつけて、含浸させた樹脂を固化する方法が提案されている。上記の公報公開には補強用繊維シートは平織りで製織されたものが例示されているが、経緯糸の本数の比率についてはなんら述べられていない。 Patent Document 1 proposes a method in which the fineness of the reinforcing fiber is increased to be woven into a cloth shape and wound around a concrete structure to solidify the impregnated resin. In the above publication, the reinforcing fiber sheet is exemplified by a plain weave, but nothing is stated about the ratio of the number of warp and weft yarns.
特許文献２には、織物の経糸カバーファクター、緯糸カバーファクターを規定しており、樹脂含浸性と織物の柔軟性を持たせた織物が提案されている。しかしながら、このカバーファクターの範囲では織物目付けが大きくなり織物 が重くなるため運搬時に負担がかかり、施工時の作業性を阻害する問題を有していた。 Patent Document 2 defines a warp cover factor and a weft cover factor of a woven fabric, and proposes a woven fabric having resin impregnation properties and woven fabric flexibility. However, within the range of this cover factor, the fabric weight becomes large and the fabric becomes heavy, so there is a burden during transportation, and the workability during construction is hindered.
特許文献３には、一方向に特定の間隔で直線状に配列させた繊維束をシートの片面に固定する方法が提案されている。しかしこれは織物状の繊維シートではなく、一方向に直線状に配列させた繊維束に対する固定方法としてシートが用いられている。 Patent Document 3 proposes a method of fixing fiber bundles arranged in a straight line at a specific interval in one direction to one side of a sheet. However, this is not a woven fiber sheet, but a sheet is used as a fixing method for a fiber bundle arranged linearly in one direction.
従来、耐震補強繊維シートが柔らかいため、耐震補強繊維シートをコンクリート製の柱に巻きつける作業の際に、耐震補強用繊維シートの自重により巻きつけられた繊維シートの中央部分が垂れ下がるという問題があった。これを解決するため、繊維の繊度を大きくするか、もしくはカバーファクターを大きくすれば曲げ硬さの硬い織物にすることができるが、樹脂の含浸性が悪くなり、更に繊維シート自身の重量増から作業性が著しく悪化する。 Conventionally, since the seismic reinforcing fiber sheet is soft, there has been a problem that the center portion of the fiber sheet wound by the weight of the seismic reinforcing fiber sheet hangs down when the seismic reinforcing fiber sheet is wound around a concrete column. It was. In order to solve this, if the fineness of the fiber is increased or the cover factor is increased, a fabric having a high bending hardness can be obtained, but the impregnation property of the resin is deteriorated and the weight of the fiber sheet itself is further increased. Workability is significantly deteriorated.
そこで、本発明は補強耐力が高く、軽量であるとともに樹脂含浸性が良好であり、施工時の作業性に優れた補強用繊維シートを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a reinforcing fiber sheet that has high proof strength, is lightweight, has good resin impregnation properties, and has excellent workability during construction.
本発明者は、高強度繊維を含む織編物および不織布を有する繊維シートが高い効果を示すことを見出し、下記に示す発明をするに至った。
（１）目付け量１０ｇ／ｍ２以上３５ｇ／ｍ２以下の不織布及び１５ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ以上の強度を有する高強度繊維を含む織編物を有する耐震補強用繊維シート。
（２）JIS L1096に記載されるＡ法（45°カンチレバー法）により測定される剛軟度が１５０ｍｍ以上である（１）記載の耐震補強用繊維シート。
（３）経糸に高強度繊維を用い、緯糸に前記経糸より細い繊度の糸を用いて製織された耐震補強用繊維シートであって、
ｘ＝（経糸カバーファクター）＝（経糸繊度（ｄｔｅｘ）／繊維の密度（ｇ／ｃｍ３））＾１／２×（経糸密度（本／ｃｍ））
ｙ＝（緯糸カバーファクター）＝（緯糸繊度（ｄｔｅｘ）／繊維の密度（ｇ／ｃｍ３）））＾１／２×（緯糸密度（本／ｃｍ））
としたとき、ｘとｙとの関係が下記の（１）および（２）式を満足することを特徴とする（１）または（３）に記載の耐震補強用繊維シート。
６００≦ｘ≦１０００ ・・・（１）
-０．０２５ｘ＋３７≦ｙ≦-０．０２５ｘ＋５３・・（２）
（４）前記高強度繊維がポリエチレン繊維である（１）〜（３）のいずれかに記載の耐震補強用繊維シート。
（５）前記高強度繊維が超高分子量ポリエチレン繊維である（１）〜（４）のいずれかに記載の耐震補強繊維シート。
（６）前記不織布が炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、アラミド繊維、ＰＢＯ繊維、全芳香族ポリエステル繊維、ポリエチレン繊維、ポリアミド繊維又はポリエステル繊維からなる（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載の耐震補強用繊維シート。
（７）
樹脂含浸性試験の結果が５０回以上９０回未満である（１）〜（６）のいずれかに記載の耐震補強用繊維シート。
（８）前記耐震補強用繊維シートの耐力が３０トン／ｍ以上である（１）〜（７）のいずれかに記載の耐震補強用繊維シート。
（９）前記耐震補強用繊維シートに樹脂を含浸させた（１）〜（８）のいずれかに記載の耐震補強用繊維シート。
（１０）目付け量１０ｇ／ｍ２以上３５ｇ／ｍ２以下の不織布及び１５ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ以上の強度を有する高強度繊維を含む織編物を有する耐震補強用繊維シートを貼付する工程、及び前記耐震補強用繊維シートに樹脂を含浸させ硬化させる工程を含むことを特徴とする、建造物の耐震補強方法。
The present inventor has found that a woven or knitted fabric containing high-strength fibers and a fiber sheet having a non-woven fabric exhibit a high effect, and have led to the invention described below.
(1) A seismic reinforcing fiber sheet having a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 10 g / m 2 or more and 35 g / m 2 or less and a woven or knitted fabric containing high strength fibers having a strength of 15 cN / dtex or more.
(2) The fiber sheet for earthquake-proof reinforcement according to (1), wherein the bending resistance measured by A method (45 ° cantilever method) described in JIS L1096 is 150 mm or more.
(3) An anti-seismic reinforcing fiber sheet woven using high-strength fibers for warps and wefts using finer yarns than the warps,
x = (warp cover factor) = (warp fineness (dtex) / fiber density (g / cm 3)) ^ 1/2 × (warp density (lines / cm))
y = (weft cover factor) = (weft fineness (dtex) / fiber density (g / cm 3)) ^ 1/2 × (weft density (lines / cm))
And the relationship between x and y satisfies the following equations (1) and (2): (1) or (3), the fiber sheet for seismic reinforcement.
600 ≦ x ≦ 1000 (1)
-0.025x + 37≤y≤-0.025x + 53 (2)
(4) The fiber sheet for earthquake-proof reinforcement according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the high-strength fibers are polyethylene fibers.
(5) The earthquake-resistant reinforcing fiber sheet according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the high-strength fibers are ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers.
(6) For earthquake-proof reinforcement according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the nonwoven fabric is made of carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, PBO fiber, wholly aromatic polyester fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyamide fiber or polyester fiber. Fiber sheet.
(7)
The fiber sheet for seismic reinforcement according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the result of the resin impregnation test is 50 times or more and less than 90 times.
(8) The seismic reinforcement fiber sheet according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the proof stress of the seismic reinforcement fiber sheet is 30 ton / m or more.
(9) The fiber sheet for earthquake-resistant reinforcement according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the fiber sheet for earthquake-resistant reinforcement is impregnated with a resin.
(10) A step of applying a seismic reinforcement fiber sheet having a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 10 g / m 2 or more and 35 g / m 2 or less and a high-strength fiber having a strength of 15 cN / dtex or more, and the seismic reinforcement A method for seismic reinforcement of a building, comprising a step of impregnating a resin into a fiber sheet and curing the resin.
本発明の補強用繊維シートは高耐力であっても経糸カバーファクターと緯糸カバーファクターの適切な配分により、樹脂含浸性が良く、軽量なコンクリート補強用繊維シートである。さらに、不織布層を有することにより、軽量でありながら、曲げ硬さの高い繊維シートを提供することができる。それ故、高架の鉄道や高速道路などの橋脚や梁などの土木コンクリート構造物、建物の柱、および壁などの補強用繊維シートとして、補強耐力が高く、軽量かつ施工時の作業性に優れた、利用価値の極めて高いものである。 The reinforcing fiber sheet of the present invention is a lightweight concrete reinforcing fiber sheet that has good resin impregnation properties and is lightweight by appropriate distribution of the warp cover factor and the weft cover factor even if it has high yield strength. Furthermore, by having a nonwoven fabric layer, it is possible to provide a fiber sheet having a high bending hardness while being lightweight. Therefore, as a reinforcing fiber sheet for civil engineering concrete structures such as bridge piers and beams such as elevated railways and highways, building columns, and walls, it has high reinforcement strength, light weight, and excellent workability during construction. It is extremely useful.
本発明は、不織布及び１５ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ以上の強度を有する高強度繊維を含む織編物を有する耐震補強用繊維シートである。 The present invention is a fiber sheet for seismic reinforcement having a nonwoven fabric and a woven or knitted fabric including high strength fibers having a strength of 15 cN / dtex or more.
本発明の耐震補強繊維シートは、ＪＩＳ Ｌ１０９６に記載されるA法（45°カンチレバー法）により測定される剛軟度が１５０ｍｍ以上であることを特徴とする。１５５ｍｍ以上がより好ましく１６０ｍｍ以上がさらに好ましい。この値は、耐震補強繊維シートの堅さを示す指標である。この値が大きいほうが、織物が堅く繊維の垂れがなくなることを示している。 The seismic reinforcing fiber sheet of the present invention is characterized in that the bending resistance measured by the A method (45 ° cantilever method) described in JIS L1096 is 150 mm or more. 155 mm or more is more preferable, and 160 mm or more is further preferable. This value is an index indicating the stiffness of the earthquake-resistant reinforcing fiber sheet. A larger value indicates that the fabric is stiffer and the fibers do not sag.
本発明の耐震補強繊維シートに用いられる織編物は、織物もしくは編物からなり、好ましくは織物からなる。織物において、織り組織は平織、綾織、朱子織、模紗織などが適応され、特に制限はないが綾織が好ましい。高強度繊維の原糸強力に対する織物の強力利用率が高い方が好ましいが、平織、朱子織、模紗織では経糸方向のクリンプ率が高くなり強力利用率が低くなる傾向がある。そのため、高い強力利用率を得るには平織物、朱子織物、模紗織物と比べて低クリンプ率となる織組織である綾織物が好ましく、杉綾織組織で製職されたものがより好ましい。 The woven or knitted fabric used in the seismic reinforcing fiber sheet of the present invention is made of woven fabric or knitted fabric, preferably woven fabric. In the woven fabric, plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, imitation weave and the like are applied, and there is no particular limitation, but twill weave is preferable. Although it is preferable that the woven fabric has a high strength utilization ratio relative to the high-strength fiber yarn strength, plain weaving, satin weaving, and imitation weaving tend to have a higher crimp utilization in the warp direction and lower strength utilization. Therefore, in order to obtain a high strength utilization rate, a twill fabric that is a woven structure having a low crimp rate compared to plain woven fabrics, satin woven fabrics, and imitation woven fabrics is preferable, and a fabric crafted with a cedar weave texture is more preferable.
本発明の耐震補強繊維シートに用いられる織編物は、高強度繊維を少なくとも一部に用いて製織もしくは製編されていることを特徴する。より好ましくは、強度１５ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ以上の高強度繊維をシートの長さ方向に平行に配置される経糸に用いて製織されており、シートの幅方向に平行に配置される緯糸には前記経糸より細い繊度の糸を用いて製織された織物である。 The woven or knitted fabric used for the seismic reinforcing fiber sheet of the present invention is characterized by being woven or knitted using at least a part of high-strength fibers. More preferably, high-strength fibers having a strength of 15 cN / dtex or more are woven using warp yarns arranged parallel to the sheet length direction, and the weft yarns arranged parallel to the sheet width direction from the warps It is a woven fabric woven using fine yarn.
本発明に用いられる高強度繊維としては、炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、アラミド繊維、ＰＢＯ繊維、全芳香族ポリエステル繊維、ポリエチレン繊維などを用いることができる。その中でも、しなやかさ、軽量性、摩擦などの繊維破損がおきにくいポリエチレン繊維が好ましく、高強度の超分子量ポリエチレン繊維がより好ましい。繊維の強度は１５ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ以上が好ましく、２０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ以上がより好ましく、より好ましくは２５ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ以上である。強度は高い方が好ましいが、繊維強度の限界が存在するため、通常は６０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ以下である。 As the high-strength fibers used in the present invention, carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, PBO fibers, wholly aromatic polyester fibers, polyethylene fibers, and the like can be used. Among them, polyethylene fibers that are less susceptible to fiber breakage such as flexibility, lightness, and friction are preferable, and high-strength ultramolecular weight polyethylene fibers are more preferable. The strength of the fiber is preferably 15 cN / dtex or more, more preferably 20 cN / dtex or more, and more preferably 25 cN / dtex or more. Higher strength is preferable, but is usually 60 cN / dtex or less because of the limit of fiber strength.
本発明に用いられる高強度繊維の繊度は１０００ｄｔｅｘ以上が好ましい。繊度は、使用する補強用繊維の耐力に応じて設計すればよいが、可能な限り強度並びに強度保持率が高い繊維を用いることで、少ない繊維で必要な耐力を得ることが出来るため好ましい。高強度繊維を構成する単糸の繊度は０．５ｄｔｅｘ以上が好ましい。単糸繊度が０．５ｄｔｅｘより小さいと、製職時に毛羽立ちやすくなる。好ましくは１．０ｄｔｅｘ以上である。 The fineness of the high strength fiber used in the present invention is preferably 1000 dtex or more. The fineness may be designed according to the proof stress of the reinforcing fiber to be used, but it is preferable to use a fiber having as high a strength and strength retention as possible because a necessary proof strength can be obtained with a small number of fibers. The fineness of the single yarn constituting the high-strength fiber is preferably 0.5 dtex or more. When the single yarn fineness is less than 0.5 dtex, it becomes easy to fluff during the production process. Preferably it is 1.0 dtex or more.
本発明の耐震補強用繊維シートにおいて、経糸方向に補強効果を発揮させるために、高強度繊維は大部分を経糸として配置されることが好ましい。緯糸は経糸をシート状に保持するための役割をする。耐震補強用繊維シートに必要な樹脂含浸性を持たせるために、経糸と緯糸のカバーファクター（ＣＦ）の範囲を以下の通りに定める。その範囲は、
ｘ＝（経糸カバーファクター）＝（経糸繊度（ｄｔｅｘ）／繊維の密度（ｇ／ｃｍ３））＾１／２×（経糸密度（本／ｃｍ））
ｙ＝（緯糸カバーファクター）＝（緯糸繊度（ｄｔｅｘ）／繊維の密度（ｇ／ｃｍ３））＾１／２×（緯糸密度（本／ｃｍ））としたとき、
ｘとｙとの関係が以下の通りである。
６００≦ｘ≦１０００ ・・・（１）
-０．０２５ｘ＋３７≦y≦-０．０２５ｘ＋５３ ・・・（２）
In the seismic reinforcing fiber sheet of the present invention, in order to exert a reinforcing effect in the warp direction, the high-strength fibers are preferably arranged mostly as warps. The weft serves to hold the warp in a sheet form. In order to give the fiber sheet for seismic reinforcement necessary resin impregnation, the range of the cover factor (CF) of warp and weft is determined as follows. The range is
x = (warp cover factor) = (warp fineness (dtex) / fiber density (g / cm 3 )) ^ 1/2 × (warp density (lines / cm))
When y = (weft cover factor) = (weft fineness (dtex) / fiber density (g / cm 3 )) ^ 1/2 × (weft density (lines / cm)),
The relationship between x and y is as follows.
600 ≦ x ≦ 1000 (1)
-0.025x + 37≤y≤-0.025x + 53 (2)
経糸のカバーファクター（ｘ）は６００≦ｘ≦１０００であり、６００≦ｘ≦８５０が好ましく、６００≦ｘ≦７５０がより好ましい。ｘ＜６００の場合は十分な引張強力を得ることが難しく、ｘ＞１０００の場合は、製織が難しい。 The cover factor (x) of the warp is 600 ≦ x ≦ 1000, preferably 600 ≦ x ≦ 850, and more preferably 600 ≦ x ≦ 750. When x <600, it is difficult to obtain sufficient tensile strength, and when x> 1000, weaving is difficult.
緯糸のカバーファクター（ｙ）は-０．０２５ｘ＋３７≦ｙ≦-０．０２５ｘ＋５３であり、ｙ＜-０．０２５ｘ＋３７の場合は緯糸の経糸に対する拘束力が不足する。-０．０２５ｘ＋５３＞ｙの場合は樹脂含浸性が低下する。 The cover factor (y) of the weft is −0.025x + 37 ≦ y ≦ −0.025x + 53. When y <−0.025x + 37, the binding force of the weft on the warp is insufficient. In the case of -0.025x + 53> y, the resin impregnation property decreases.
緯糸は経糸に用いられる繊維と同一または異なっていてもよく、ポリエステル繊維、ナイロン繊維などの高強度繊維以外の繊維でもよい。好ましくは、特に湿度による寸法変化の少ないポリエステル繊維である。 The wefts may be the same as or different from the fibers used for the warp, and may be fibers other than high-strength fibers such as polyester fibers and nylon fibers. Particularly preferred is a polyester fiber with a small dimensional change due to humidity.
本発明は、上述した織編物にさらに不織布を組み合わせることを特徴とする。 The present invention is characterized in that a nonwoven fabric is further combined with the woven or knitted fabric described above.
不織布の目付け量は３５ｇ／ｍ２以下であり、３３ｇ／ｍ２以下が好ましく、３０ｇ／ｍ２以下がより好ましい。一方、目付け量の下限は、１０ｇ／ｍ２以上が好ましく、１５ｇ／ｍ２以上がより好ましく、２０ｇ／ｍ２がさらに好ましい。１０ｇ／ｍ２未満の場合は耐震補強繊維シートの十分な固さを得ることが難しく、３５ｇ／ｍ２より大きい場合は、良好な樹脂含浸性を得ることは難しい。 Basis weight of the nonwoven fabric had a 35 g / m 2 or less, preferably 33 g / m 2 or less, 30 g / m 2 or less is more preferable. On the other hand, the lower limit of the basis weight is preferably 10 g / m 2 or more, more preferably 15 g / m 2 or more, and further preferably 20 g / m 2 . When it is less than 10 g / m 2, it is difficult to obtain sufficient hardness of the seismic reinforcing fiber sheet, and when it is greater than 35 g / m 2, it is difficult to obtain good resin impregnation properties.
本発明に用いる不織布の力学特性は、引張強さは、縦方向で少なくとも１０Ｎ以上、好ましくは３０Ｎ以上、より好ましくは４０Ｎ以上であり、上限は特に限定されないが５００Ｎ未満である。破断伸度は、１５％以上、好ましくは２０％以上５０％未満である。引裂強さは、少なくとも３Ｎ以上、より好ましくは５Ｎ以上であり、上限は特に限定されないが１００Ｎ未満である。 As for the mechanical properties of the nonwoven fabric used in the present invention, the tensile strength is at least 10 N or more in the machine direction, preferably 30 N or more, more preferably 40 N or more, and the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is less than 500 N. The breaking elongation is 15% or more, preferably 20% or more and less than 50%. The tear strength is at least 3N or more, more preferably 5N or more, and the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is less than 100N.
本発明の不織布には炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、アラミド繊維、ＰＢＯ繊維、全芳香族ポリエステル繊維、ポリエチレン繊維、ポリアミド繊維又はポリエステル繊維などを用いることができ、特に限定されない。 Carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, PBO fiber, wholly aromatic polyester fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyamide fiber, or polyester fiber can be used for the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, and is not particularly limited.
本発明の不織布は上記目付け量及び力学特性を満たす不織布であれば特には限定されないが、好ましくは、安価なコストで、配向結晶化による剛直性向上効果が発現でき、高速紡糸で得られるスパンボンド不織布が好適に用いられる。 The nonwoven fabric of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above-mentioned weight per unit area and mechanical properties, but is preferably a spunbond obtained by high-speed spinning that can exhibit the effect of improving rigidity by orientation crystallization at low cost. Nonwoven fabrics are preferably used.
前記織編物のシート層と不織布層は縫合されているか、もしくは接着されることが好ましい。前記織編物層と不織布層を接着される場合、低融点ポリアミドの熱可塑性のフィルム状シートもしくは不織布状シートを用い熱融着することができる。その他の熱可塑性の接着剤や溶剤系の接着剤を用いてもよく、特に限定されるものではない。 It is preferable that the sheet layer and the nonwoven fabric layer of the knitted or knitted fabric are stitched or bonded. When the woven / knitted fabric layer and the nonwoven fabric layer are bonded, a low-melting polyamide thermoplastic film-like sheet or nonwoven fabric-like sheet can be used for heat fusion. Other thermoplastic adhesives and solvent-based adhesives may be used and are not particularly limited.
本発明の耐震補強用繊維シートは、樹脂含浸性試験の結果が５０回以上９０回未満であることが好ましく、より好ましくは６０回以上８０回未満である。樹脂含浸性は脱泡ローラーで耐震補強用繊維シートに樹脂を含浸させるにあたり、樹脂が該繊維シートの上面全体をおおうまでの脱泡ローラーを往復させた回数を意味し、回数が多いほど含浸しにくいことを表す。５０回未満では樹脂は含浸しやすいものの、繊維シート自体の強力が出ないかもしくは曲げ硬さが小さい（剛軟度が小さい）可能性があり、９０回以上であると剛軟度は高くても樹脂含浸性が悪いため、耐震補強用繊維シートとしてコンクリート柱等に巻き付けたのち樹脂含浸、固化することが困難になる。 In the fiber sheet for seismic reinforcement of the present invention, the result of the resin impregnation test is preferably 50 times or more and less than 90 times, more preferably 60 times or more and less than 80 times. The resin impregnation property means the number of times the resin is reciprocated until the resin covers the entire top surface of the fiber sheet when the fiber sheet for seismic reinforcement is impregnated with the defoaming roller. Indicates difficult. If it is less than 50 times, the resin is easily impregnated, but the fiber sheet itself may not be strong or the bending hardness may be small (the bending resistance is small), and if it is 90 times or more, the bending resistance is high. However, since the resin impregnation property is poor, it is difficult to impregnate and solidify the resin after being wound around a concrete pillar or the like as a fiber sheet for earthquake resistance reinforcement.
本発明の耐震補強用繊維シートの耐力は、３０トン／ｍ以上が好ましい。耐力とは、耐震補強用繊維シート１０ｍｍ幅あたりの荷重（Ｎ／ｍｍ）をトン／ｍに換算した値であり、繊維シート１ｍ幅あたりの耐力を示す。なお、荷重はＪＩＳＬ１０９６Ａ法に従って評価した。ＩＮＴＥＳＣＯ （ｍｏｄｅｌ ２０５０）の引張試験機を用いて、引張速度２００ ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ、試験幅１０ｍｍとなる経糸本数（本）で測定し、１０ｍｍ幅あたりの強力（Ｎ／１０ｍｍ）を測定した。なお、経糸方向を測定方向とした。耐力が３０トン／ｍより小さいと、コンクリート柱等の補強において、巻き付け層数が多くなってしまう。 The strength of the seismic reinforcing fiber sheet of the present invention is preferably 30 ton / m or more. The proof stress is a value obtained by converting the load (N / mm) per 10 mm width of the fiber sheet for seismic reinforcement into ton / m, and indicates the proof strength per 1 m width of the fiber sheet. The load was evaluated according to the JIS L1096A method. Using a tensile tester of INTERSCO (model 2050), the tensile speed was 200 mm / min, and the number of warps was 10 mm, and the tenacity per 10 mm width (N / 10 mm) was measured. The warp direction was taken as the measurement direction. When the proof stress is less than 30 tons / m, the number of winding layers increases in the reinforcement of concrete columns and the like.
本発明の耐震補強用繊維シートは一例として下記の方法により利用される。 The fiber sheet for seismic reinforcement of the present invention is used by the following method as an example.
コンクリート柱表面に補強用繊維シートを貼り付ける手順としては、必要に応じプライマー処理されたコンクリート表面に、下塗りとしてアクリル樹脂またはエポキシ樹脂を塗布した後、あらかじめ必要とする長さ（周長＋重ね継ぎ手長さ）に切断した耐震補強用繊維シートを経糸の方向が周長方向になるように貼り付けられる。下塗り樹脂が硬化する前に直ちに補強用繊維シートを貼り付け、ローラーなどを用いて樹脂を十分に繊維シートに含浸させる。補強用繊維シートの幅は１０ｃｍから５０ｃｍのものが一般に用いられる。 The procedure for attaching the reinforcing fiber sheet to the concrete column surface is to apply the acrylic resin or epoxy resin as a primer to the concrete surface that has been primed as necessary, and then the required length (peripheral length + lap joint) The fiber sheet for seismic reinforcement that has been cut to length) is pasted so that the warp direction is the circumferential direction. Immediately before the undercoating resin is cured, the reinforcing fiber sheet is applied, and the fiber sheet is sufficiently impregnated with a roller or the like. A reinforcing fiber sheet having a width of 10 cm to 50 cm is generally used.
下塗り樹脂が十分に含浸させた後、同じ樹脂を用いて上塗りを行う。耐震補強用繊維シート全面に樹脂を均一に塗布した後、樹脂が完全に硬化するまで養生しておく。補強の程度によっては補強用繊維シートを多層重ねて貼り付ける。最上層のシート貼り付けが終了し、表面の樹脂を完全に硬化させる。 After the undercoat resin is sufficiently impregnated, the same resin is used for overcoating. After the resin is uniformly applied to the entire surface of the seismic reinforcing fiber sheet, it is cured until the resin is completely cured. Depending on the degree of reinforcement, multiple reinforcing fiber sheets are laminated and pasted. When the uppermost sheet is pasted, the resin on the surface is completely cured.
本発明はさらに、繊維シートにアクリル樹脂またはエポキシ樹脂が予め含浸された耐震補強用繊維シートも含有する。 The present invention further includes an earthquake-resistant reinforcing fiber sheet in which the fiber sheet is pre-impregnated with an acrylic resin or an epoxy resin.
以下実施例を用いて説明を行う。本願発明に用いた測定方法は次の通りである。
［測定方法］
（１）耐震補強用織物の剛軟度
幅１０ｍｍ、縦方向の長さ２４０ｍｍの試料を用い、ＪＩＳ−Ｌ−１０９６剛軟性Ａ法に準拠した条件で測定した（ｎ＝５の平均値）（単位：ｍｍ）。
（２）耐震補強用織物の垂れ性
幅３００mm、縦方向の長さ３５０ｍｍの試料を用いた。柱に試料の一端を固定し重さ100gの錘を試料下端中心部に加え、縦方向の長さを３４０ｍｍに縮めた時に垂れた長さを測定した。（単位：ｍｍ）。
（３）樹脂含浸性
２５cm×３０cmの面積にエポキシ樹脂を１５０g塗布する。１０cm×１５cmの耐震補強用繊維シートを樹脂の上に設置し、脱泡ローラーで樹脂を含浸させた。樹脂が耐震補強用繊維シートの上面全体を樹脂が覆うまでの脱泡ローラーを往復させた回数を測定した。（単位：回）。
Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to examples. The measurement method used in the present invention is as follows.
[Measuring method]
(1) Bending softness of seismic reinforcement fabric Using a sample having a width of 10 mm and a longitudinal length of 240 mm, measurement was performed under the conditions based on JIS-L-1096 Bending Softness A method (average value of n = 5) ( Unit: mm).
(2) A sample having a sagging width of 300 mm and a length of 350 mm in the longitudinal direction was used. One end of the sample was fixed to a column, a weight having a weight of 100 g was added to the center of the lower end of the sample, and the length drooped when the length in the vertical direction was reduced to 340 mm was measured. (Unit: mm).
(3) Resin impregnation property 150 g of epoxy resin is applied to an area of 25 cm × 30 cm. A 10 cm × 15 cm seismic reinforcing fiber sheet was placed on the resin, and the resin was impregnated with a defoaming roller. The number of times the defoaming roller was reciprocated until the resin covered the entire upper surface of the fiber sheet for seismic reinforcement was measured. (Unit: times).
（実施例１）
経糸に東洋紡製の高分子量ポリエチレン繊維「ダイニーマ」（登録商標）を用い、緯糸に東レ（株）製のポリエステル繊維を用いて製作した幅３０ｃｍの補強用繊維シート（経糸CF：９４６、緯糸CF：２８）に、目付け２０ｇ/ｍ２のポリエステル不織布「エクーレ」（登録商標）を、低融点ポリアミドの不織布シートを用いて熱接着した。
Example 1
A 30 cm wide reinforcing fiber sheet (warp CF: 946, weft CF: manufactured by using Toyobo's high molecular weight polyethylene fiber “Dyneema” (registered trademark) for the warp and polyester fiber manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. for the weft. 28) A polyester nonwoven fabric “Ecule” (registered trademark) having a basis weight of 20 g / m 2 was thermally bonded using a nonwoven fabric sheet of low melting point polyamide.
（実施例２）
経糸に東洋紡製の高分子量ポリエチレン繊維「ダイニーマ」（登録商標）を用い、緯糸に東レ（株）製のポリエステル繊維を用いて製作した幅３０ｃｍの補強用繊維シート（経糸CF：９４６、緯糸CF：２８）に、目付け３０ｇ/ｍ２のポリエステル不織布「エクーレ」（登録商標）を、低融点ポリアミドの不織布シートを用いて熱接着した。
(Example 2)
A 30 cm wide reinforcing fiber sheet (warp CF: 946, weft CF: manufactured by using Toyobo's high molecular weight polyethylene fiber “Dyneema” (registered trademark) for the warp and polyester fiber manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. for the weft. 28) A polyester nonwoven fabric “Ecule” (registered trademark) having a basis weight of 30 g / m 2 was thermally bonded using a nonwoven fabric sheet of low melting point polyamide.
（実施例３）
経糸に東洋紡製の高分子量ポリエチレン繊維「ダイニーマ」（登録商標）を用い、緯糸に東レ（株）製のポリエステル繊維を用いて製作した幅３０ｃｍの補強用繊維シート（経糸CF：６３０、緯糸CF：３５）に、目付け２０ｇ/ｍ２のポリエステル不織布「エクーレ」（登録商標）を、低融点ポリアミドの不織布シートを用いて熱接着した。
(Example 3)
A 30 cm wide reinforcing fiber sheet (warp CF: 630, weft CF: manufactured by using Toyobo high molecular weight polyethylene fiber “Dyneema” (registered trademark) for warp and polyester fiber manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. for weft. 35) A polyester nonwoven fabric “Ecule” (registered trademark) having a basis weight of 20 g / m 2 was thermally bonded using a nonwoven fabric sheet of low melting point polyamide.
（実施例４）
経糸に東洋紡製の高分子量ポリエチレン繊維「ダイニーマ」（登録商標）を用い、緯糸に東レ（株）製のポリエステル繊維を用いて製作した幅３０ｃｍの補強用繊維シート（経糸CF：６３０、緯糸CF：３５）に、目付け２０ｇ/ｍ２のポリアミド不織布を、低融点ポリアミドの不織布シートを用いて熱接着した。
Example 4
A 30 cm wide reinforcing fiber sheet (warp CF: 630, weft CF: manufactured by using Toyobo high molecular weight polyethylene fiber “Dyneema” (registered trademark) for warp and polyester fiber manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. for weft. 35) A polyamide nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 20 g / m 2 was thermally bonded using a nonwoven fabric sheet of low melting point polyamide.
実施例１から４の耐震補強用繊維シートは剛軟度（ｍｍ）が150を超え、樹脂含浸性も80回以下となり耐震補強用繊維シートとして有用なものであった。 The fiber sheets for seismic reinforcement of Examples 1 to 4 had a bending resistance (mm) of more than 150 and a resin impregnation property of 80 times or less, which was useful as a fiber sheet for seismic reinforcement.
（比較例１）
経糸に東洋紡製の高分子量ポリエチレン繊維「ダイニーマ」（登録商標）を用い、緯糸に東レ（株）製のポリエステル繊維を用いて製作した幅３０ｃｍの補強用繊維シート（経糸CF：９４６、緯糸CF：２８）を用いた。
(Comparative Example 1)
A 30 cm wide reinforcing fiber sheet (warp CF: 946, weft CF: manufactured by using Toyobo's high molecular weight polyethylene fiber “Dyneema” (registered trademark) for the warp and polyester fiber manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. for the weft. 28) was used.
比較例１は剛軟度（ｍｍ）が１００となり低い値であった。比較例１は不織布と一体化していない織物であり、織物が柔らかい。このため柱に巻きつけ時に垂れやすい織物であった。 In Comparative Example 1, the bending resistance (mm) was 100, which was a low value. Comparative Example 1 is a fabric that is not integrated with the nonwoven fabric, and the fabric is soft. For this reason, it was a fabric that was easy to sag when wrapped around a pillar.
（比較例２）
経糸に東洋紡製の高分子量ポリエチレン繊維「ダイニーマ」（登録商標）を用い、緯糸に東レ（株）製のポリエステル繊維を用いて製作した幅３０ｃｍの補強用繊維シート（経糸CF：９４６、緯糸CF：２８）に、目付け４０ｇ/ｍ２のポリエステル不織布「エクーレ」（登録商標）を、低融点ポリアミドの不織布シートを用いて熱接着した。
(Comparative Example 2)
A 30 cm wide reinforcing fiber sheet (warp CF: 946, weft CF: manufactured by using Toyobo's high molecular weight polyethylene fiber “Dyneema” (registered trademark) for the warp and polyester fiber manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. for the weft. 28) A polyester nonwoven fabric “Ecule” (registered trademark) having a basis weight of 40 g / m 2 was thermally bonded using a nonwoven fabric sheet of low melting point polyamide.
（比較例３）
経糸に東洋紡製の高分子量ポリエチレン繊維「ダイニーマ」（登録商標）を用い、緯糸に東レ（株）製のポリエステル繊維を用いて製作した幅３０ｃｍの補強用繊維シート（経糸CF：９４６、緯糸CF：２８）に、目付け６０ｇ/ｍ２のポリエステル不織布「エクーレ」（登録商標）を、低融点ポリアミドの不織布シートを用いて熱接着した。
(Comparative Example 3)
A 30 cm wide reinforcing fiber sheet (warp CF: 946, weft CF: manufactured by using Toyobo's high molecular weight polyethylene fiber “Dyneema” (registered trademark) for the warp and polyester fiber manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. for the weft. 28) A polyester nonwoven fabric “Ecule” (registered trademark) having a basis weight of 60 g / m 2 was thermally bonded using a nonwoven fabric sheet of low melting point polyamide.
（比較例４）
経糸に東洋紡製の高分子量ポリエチレン繊維「ダイニーマ」（登録商標）を用い、緯糸に東レ（株）製のポリエステル繊維を用いて製作した幅３０ｃｍの補強用繊維シート（経糸CF：９４６、緯糸CF：２８）に、目付け１００ｇ/ｍ２のポリエステル不織布「エクーレ」（登録商標）を、低融点ポリアミドの不織布シートを用いて熱接着した。
(Comparative Example 4)
A 30 cm wide reinforcing fiber sheet (warp CF: 946, weft CF: manufactured by using Toyobo's high molecular weight polyethylene fiber “Dyneema” (registered trademark) for the warp and polyester fiber manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. for the weft. 28) A polyester nonwoven fabric “Ecule” (registered trademark) having a basis weight of 100 g / m 2 was thermally bonded using a nonwoven fabric sheet of low melting point polyamide.
比較例２から４は剛軟度（ｍｍ）が２００以上あり良好であるが、樹脂含浸性（回）が９０以上となり樹脂含浸性が好ましくないものとなった。不織布の目付けが大きいため、織物は堅くなるが、樹脂の浸透を妨げる結果となった。 In Comparative Examples 2 to 4, the bending resistance (mm) was 200 or more, which was good, but the resin impregnation property (times) was 90 or more, and the resin impregnation property was not preferable. Since the nonwoven fabric has a large basis weight, the woven fabric is hardened, but the penetration of the resin is hindered.
本発明の補強繊維シートは高強力繊維と不織布を一体化した織物であり、道路の床盤、橋脚、建物の柱、および壁などの補強に有用であり、効果的な補強が行えるとともに施工時の取り扱いに優れた工業的価値の高いものである。 The reinforcing fiber sheet of the present invention is a woven fabric in which high-strength fibers and non-woven fabrics are integrated, and is useful for reinforcing road floors, bridge piers, building columns, walls, and the like. It is excellent in handling and has high industrial value.
Claims (8)
度を有する高強度繊維を含む織編物を有する耐震補強用繊維シートであり、
経糸に高強度繊維を用い、緯糸に前記経糸より細い繊度の糸を用いて製織され、
ｘ＝（経糸カバーファクター）＝（経糸繊度（ｄｔｅｘ）／繊維の密度（ｇ／ｃｍ3））＾１／２×（経糸密度（本／ｃｍ））
ｙ＝（緯糸カバーファクター）＝（緯糸繊度（ｄｔｅｘ）／繊維の密度（ｇ／ｃｍ3））＾１／２×（緯糸密度（本／ｃｍ））
としたとき、ｘとｙとの関係が下記の（１）および（２）式を満足することを特徴とする
耐震補強用繊維シート。
６００≦ｘ≦１０００ ・・・（１）
−０．０２５ｘ＋３７≦ｙ≦−０．０２５ｘ＋５３・・（２） An earthquake-resistant reinforcing fiber sheet having a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 10 g / m 2 or more and 35 g / m 2 or less and a woven or knitted fabric containing high-strength fibers having a strength of 15 cN / dtex or more,
Weaved using high-strength fibers for warps, wefts using finer yarns than the warps,
x = (warp cover factor) = (warp fineness (dtex) / fiber density (g / cm 3 )) ^ 1/2 × (warp density (lines / cm))
y = (weft cover factor) = (weft fineness (dtex) / fiber density (g / cm 3 ) ) ^ 1/2 × (weft density (line / cm))
And the relationship between x and y satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2):
600 ≦ x ≦ 1000 (1)
- 0.025x + 37 ≦ y ≦ -0.025x + 53 ·· (2)
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