JP6345951B2 - Culture medium for promoting diatom growth and method for promoting diatom growth - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a culture solution for promoting diatom growth and a method for promoting diatom growth.

Diatoms that grow in shrimp ponds are used as food for shrimp.
As a method for promoting the growth of this diatom, for example, in Patent Document 1, a nutritional salt composition for replenishing silicon to replenish water in order to promote the growth of diatom, which is a preferred microalgae in water, A nutritional salt composition for replenishing water is described, which contains rice husk ash and a ground product of calcium carbonate resources.

On the other hand, attempts have been made to effectively utilize the waste material of lightweight cellular concrete.
For example, Patent Document 2 discloses a cement obtained by firing a hardened waste material containing cement hydrate (such as a lightweight cellular concrete waste material) at 800 to 1200 ° C. and containing gehlenite. An admixture is described.
Patent Document 3 describes a roadbed material characterized in that a crushed material of lightweight cellular concrete waste is mixed into crushed stone or recycled crushed stone.
Furthermore, Patent Document 4 describes a humidity control building material made of a press-cured molded body of autoclaved lightweight lightweight concrete.

JP 2008-245617 A JP 2003-277110 A JP 2003-313802 A JP 2008-291645 A

As described above, the lightweight cellular concrete waste material can be effectively used for applications such as cement admixture and roadbed material.
However, in the present situation where a large amount of lightweight cellular concrete waste is generated, it is desirable that the usage of the lightweight cellular concrete waste be further expanded.
An object of the present invention is to provide a useful object and method using a lightweight cellular concrete waste.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has found that a granular silicic material containing calcium silicate hydrate as a main component (for example, a lightweight aerated concrete waste material), water, It was found that a mixture obtained by mixing at a specific mass ratio remarkably promotes the growth of diatoms, thereby completing the present invention.

The present invention provides the following [1] to [4].
[1] An amount of the siliceous material containing water and a granular siliceous material containing calcium silicate hydrate as a main component (for example, a granulated material made of lightweight cellular concrete waste). Is a culture solution for promoting the growth of diatoms, characterized by being 0.001 to 2 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of water.
[2] The siliceous material according to [1], wherein the siliceous material has a soluble silicic acid content of 10% by mass or more and a soluble lime content of 10% by mass or more. Culture medium for promotion.
[3] The culture solution for promoting the growth of diatom according to [1] or [2], wherein the siliceous material is made of lightweight aerated concrete.
[4] To a diatom-containing liquid containing diatom and water, a granular siliceous material containing calcium silicate hydrate as a main component is added in an amount of 0.001 to 2 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of water. A method for promoting the growth of diatoms.

Since the culture solution of the present invention contains water and a specific siliceous material at a specific mass ratio, it has an appropriate and long-term supply capability for silicon and calcium, and deviates from the specific mass ratio (numerical range). Compared with, the growth of diatoms can be promoted significantly.
Moreover, it can be expected that the growth of diatoms is promoted by the culture solution of the present invention, and the growth of crustaceans, shellfish, zooplankton, etc. that feed on diatoms is improved. In particular, diatoms grown using the culture solution of the present invention contain abundant amounts of both silicon and calcium. For example, when used as food for cultivating fry shrimp and fry, fry shrimp shells and fry Effects such as an increase in the strength of the skeleton can also be expected.
Moreover, in addition to being able to use the diatom which grew with the culture solution of this invention as foods, such as a shrimp and a fry, it can also supply as a diatom which grows in an aquaculture pond or a water tank. Since this diatom can impart moderate turbidity to water, it can be expected to reduce the stress of shrimps and fish and to improve the growth environment.
Furthermore, the diatom grown using the culture solution of the present invention can be used as a biomass fuel in addition to a nutrient source for aquatic organisms.

The culture solution for promoting the growth of diatom of the present invention contains water and a granular siliceous material containing calcium silicate hydrate as a main component, and the amount of the siliceous material is water. It is 0.001-2 mass parts per 100 mass parts.
The diatom which is the object of promoting growth in the present invention is a single-cell eukaryotic alga having a siliceous shell that inhabits widely regardless of the sea area, brackish water area or fresh water area. Diatoms are fundamental producers in aquatic ecosystems and are the most important phytoplankton, which is a nutrient source for aquatic organisms.
Diatoms also play an important role in producing oxygen necessary for the growth of living organisms (especially animals) by photosynthesis. Thus, diatoms can be said to be important organisms in the living world.
In order for diatoms to grow, nitrogen compounds, phosphorus compounds (phosphoric acid and other phosphorus-containing compounds), potassium compounds, inorganic compounds such as silicate compounds, vitamins such as thiamine and cobalamin, urea Nutrient sources such as organic compounds such as uric acid and glutamic acid are necessary.
Diatoms grow and multiply with the intake of these nutrients. Proliferation is due to cell division, and the process is to form a new shell in a diatom shell and then divide from one to two cells to proliferate. Since the shell is made of siliceous material, if the siliceous material is not sufficiently supplied, the shell of the diatom cannot be formed and cannot grow. Moreover, even if a shell is formed, if the shell is weak, cell division cannot be performed or the cell cannot die, and thus cannot grow.
Thus, silicic acid is an important component for the growth and growth of diatoms.

Next, the siliceous material constituting the culture solution of the present invention will be described.
Examples of the calcium silicate hydrate that is the main component of the siliceous material include tobermorite, zonotrite, CSH gel, foshygite, gyrolite, and Hilleblandite.
Among them, tobermorite is a crystalline calcium silicate hydrate, and is Ca ₅ · (Si ₆ O ₁₈ H ₂ ) · 4H ₂ O (plate-like form), Ca ₅ · (Si ₆ O ₁₈ H _2. ) (Plate-like form), Ca ₅ · (Si ₆ O ₁₈ H ₂ ) · 8H ₂ O (fibrous form) and the like.
Zonotolite is crystalline calcium silicate hydrate and has a chemical composition such as Ca ₆ · (Si ₆ O ₁₇ ) · (OH) ₂ (fibrous form).
CSH _{gel, αCaO · βSiO 2 · γH 2} O ( provided that, α / β = 0.7~2.3, a γ / β = 1.2~2.7.), For example, 3CaO · 2SiO ₂ · Calcium silicate hydrate having a chemical composition of 3H ₂ O.
Among them, tobermorite is a main component of lightweight lightweight concrete (ALC) described later, and is preferably used in the present invention from the viewpoint of promoting the use of ALC waste material.

  In this specification, “powder and granular” means an aggregate of powdery materials (having a particle size of less than 0.1 mm; powder), and granular materials (having a particle size of 0.1 mm or more; granules) ) Or an aggregate including a powdery material and a granular material. The “powder and granular material” means an aggregate of powder, an aggregate of granules, or an aggregate including powder and granules.

The ratio of calcium silicate hydrate in 100% by volume of the solid phase of the siliceous material used in the present invention is preferably 50% by volume or more, more preferably 60% by volume or more. When the ratio is 50% by volume or more, the effect of promoting the growth of diatom by silicon and calcium can be further enhanced.
Here, when the siliceous material is porous, the solid phase of the siliceous material refers to a portion excluding the void portion (the void portion inside the porous granular material).

The content of soluble silicic acid in the siliceous material is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 15% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 18% by mass or more. Although the upper limit of this content rate is not specifically limited, When using the waste material of lightweight cellular concrete (ALC) as a siliceous material, it is 25 mass% normally.
The content of soluble lime in the siliceous material is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 15% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 18% by mass or more. Although the upper limit of this content rate is not specifically limited, When using the waste material of lightweight cellular concrete (ALC) as a siliceous material, it is 25 mass% normally.

  Each content of soluble silicic acid and soluble lime is a mass ratio of soluble components (silicic acid or lime) dissolved in 0.5 mol / liter hydrochloric acid aqueous solution (liquid temperature: 30 ° C.). It can be measured according to the “Fertilizer Testing Method (2013)” supervised by the Consumer Safety Technology Center (FAMIC).

When the siliceous material used in the present invention is a granule, the porosity of the siliceous material (the ratio of voids inside the granule to the volume of the porous granule) is From the viewpoint of improving the effect of promoting growth (silicic acid supply ability), it is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, and particularly preferably 70% or more.
In addition, in this specification, the porosity means the ratio of the sum total of the volume of all the voids which occupies in the whole volume of a granule (for example, granule which consists of lightweight cellular concrete). Here, the void refers to both a continuous void communicating with the space outside the particle and a non-continuous void formed only inside the particle without communicating with the space outside the particle. means.
When the siliceous material used in the present invention is a powder, the siliceous material may be either porous or non-porous, but the effect of promoting the growth of diatoms (silicic acid supply ability), etc. From the viewpoint, it is preferably porous.

The particle size of the siliceous material used in the present invention is preferably 5 mm or less, preferably 4 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less, from the viewpoint of enhancing the silicic acid elution ability.
The lower limit of the particle size is preferably 0.001 mm, more preferably 0.005 mm, and particularly preferably 0.01 mm from the viewpoint of reducing energy required for pulverization.
The particle size distribution of the siliceous material used in the present invention preferably includes particles having a particle size of 4 mm or less in a proportion of 70% by mass or more, more preferably from the viewpoint of enhancing the silicic acid elution ability. Contains particles having a particle size of 3 mm or less in a proportion of 70% by mass or more, and particularly preferably contains particles having a particle size of 2 mm or less in a proportion of 70% by mass or more.
In the present specification, the value of the particle size is a value corresponding to the opening size of the sieve.

As a preferable example of the siliceous material used in the present invention, lightweight aerated concrete (ALC) is used from the viewpoint of reusing waste materials of building materials and supplying silicon and calcium for promoting diatom growth. Examples thereof include a powdered material obtained by pulverizing waste materials. Here, the waste material includes a wide range of waste materials of products, scraps generated in the manufacturing process of products, trial products in factories, and the like.
After pulverizing the lightweight cellular concrete waste material, if necessary, it is classified using a classification means such as a sieve, whereby a granular siliceous material having a desired particle size can be obtained.
The lightweight cellular concrete is made of tobermorite represented by a chemical formula of Ca ₅ · (Si ₆ O ₁₈ H ₂ ) · 4H ₂ O and unreacted silica, and has a porosity of about 80% by volume.
The proportion of tobermorite in the lightweight cellular concrete is about 65 to 80% by volume, with the whole solid phase excluding voids inside the concrete being 100% by volume.

In the present invention, the amount of the siliceous material is 0.001 to 2 parts by mass, preferably 0.004 to 2 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 1.5 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of water. Preferably it is 0.03-1 mass part, More preferably, it is 0.06-0.8 mass part, More preferably, it is 0.08-0.6 mass part, Most preferably, it is 0.1-0.3 mass part. . When the amount is less than 0.001 part by mass or more than 2 parts by mass, the effect of promoting the growth of diatoms cannot be sufficiently obtained.
In the present invention, water and a siliceous material are mixed to prepare a culture solution for promoting diatom growth, and the diatom can be propagated by accommodating the diatom in this culture solution.
Examples of water used in the present invention include seawater, river water, lake water, and tap water. Naturally occurring seawater, river water, lake water, and the like can be used as they are because they contain moderate nutrient components of diatom such as nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, iron, and various vitamins. In addition, these naturally occurring seawater, river water, lake water, etc. may contain nutrient components or remove some components (for example, harmful substances that adversely affect the growth of diatoms), and the type and amount of nutrient components. It is also possible to use after adjusting. Since tap water such as tap water does not contain nutrient components, it may be used by adding the nutrient components before mixing with the siliceous material, or after preparing the culture solution of the present invention. It may be used in embodiments where nutritional ingredients are added.
The culture solution of the present invention can contain various nutrient components necessary for the growth of diatoms. Examples of the nutritional component include nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, boron, manganese, iron, cobalt, zinc, various amino acids, various vitamins (for example, vitamin B1, vitamin 12, etc.) and the like. As a commercial item of the algae culture solution containing such various nutritional components, for example, “KW21” (trade name) manufactured by Daiichi Seinsha is mentioned.

  In the present invention, the same siliceous material / water mass ratio as in the case of preparing the above-mentioned siliceous material in the diatom-containing liquid containing diatom and water and the above-mentioned culture solution for promoting the growth of diatom is obtained. The diatom can also be propagated by adding in such a manner.

[Experimental Example 1]
After adding 34 g of artificial seawater raw material (trade name: Sea Life; manufactured by Marine Tech Co., Ltd.) to 1 liter of distilled water to obtain artificial seawater, this artificial seawater is mixed with an algae culture solution (trade name: KW21; 0.5 ml of (manufactured by Nippon Seiki Co., Ltd.) was added and mixed to obtain a culture solution not containing materials such as lightweight aerated concrete (ALC).
Next, to this culture solution containing no material, a granular material made of lightweight aerated concrete (ALC) waste material in an amount of 1.2 g / liter was added as a material to obtain a culture solution for promoting diatom growth. Then, diatoms (diatoms belonging to the genus Keatoseros) in such an amount that the number of diatom cells in the culture solution is 0.7 × 10 ⁶ cells / liter are added to this culture solution, and air is supplied using an air pump. By doing so, diatoms were cultured.
After the addition of diatoms, the silicon (Si) concentration, the calcium (Ca) concentration, and the number of diatom cells in the culture solution at each of the 0th day (at the time of addition), 7th day, 14th day, 21st day, and 28th day Was measured.
In addition, the granular material which consists of used ALC waste material is 21 mass% of soluble silicic acid, 21 mass% of soluble lime, a particle size of 0.02-2 mm, a specific surface area of 50-70 m < ² > / g, an average pore diameter. Was 0.07 μm.

[Example 2]
An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the powdery ALC waste material was changed from 1.2 g / liter to 6 g / liter.
[Example 3]
An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the powdered ALC waste was changed from 1.2 g / liter to 0.6 g / liter.
[Comparative Example 1]
Experiments were conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that water glass having an amount of 0.1 g / liter was used instead of the powdery ALC waste.
[Comparative Example 2]
An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the amount of water glass was changed from 0.1 g / liter to 0.2 g / liter.
[Comparative Example 3]
An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10 g / liter of silica sand was used in place of the ALC waste material.
The above results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.

From Table 3, it can be seen that in Examples 1 to 3, a remarkable accelerating effect on the growth of diatom after 7 days in particular is observed as compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
In particular, it can be seen that Example 1 is superior in terms of the effect of promoting the growth of diatoms at all time points on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days compared to the other Examples and Comparative Examples. .

Claims (3)

It contains water and a granular siliceous material containing calcium silicate hydrate as a main component, and the amount of the siliceous material is 0.001 to 2 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of water. A culture solution for promoting diatom growth, wherein the siliceous material is made of lightweight aerated concrete .   The culture solution for promoting the growth of diatoms according to claim 1, wherein the siliceous material has a content of soluble silicic acid of 10% by mass or more and a content of soluble lime of 10% by mass or more. . Proliferation of diatoms by adding a powdered siliceous material containing calcium silicate hydrate as a main component to a diatom-containing liquid containing diatoms and water in an amount of 0.001 to 2 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of water. A method for promoting the proliferation of diatoms, characterized in that the siliceous material is made of lightweight cellular concrete .