JP6344144B2 - Reluctance motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reluctance motor, and more particularly to a motor that has a self-excitation function and realizes high-efficiency rotation.

  The reluctance motor is mounted as a drive source in various drive devices. A reluctance motor is difficult to obtain a large torque in the case of a type that uses only reluctance torque, compared to a motor (electric motor) that is driven by embedding a permanent magnet on the rotor side and using magnet torque. There is a problem.

  In particular, when mounted on hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles that require large torque, a neodymium magnet with strong magnetic force is used to effectively use reluctance torque along with magnet torque. A motor employing an IPM (Interior Permanent Magnet) structure in which a permanent magnet such as (Neodymium magnet) is embedded in a V-shape in a rotor (rotor) is often used.

  Incidentally, it has been proposed to improve the efficiency of a reluctance motor by adopting a self-excitation function as described in Non-Patent Document 1, for example. As an in-vehicle motor, improvement in characteristics such as torque improvement in a reluctance motor that can be manufactured at low cost is desired.

  In the self-excitation method described in Non-Patent Document 1, a magnetic flux having a frequency higher than the fundamental frequency of the drive current supplied to the stator-side drive coil is linked to the rotor side, and is arranged on the rotor side. An induced current is generated in the coil (inductor pole coil). In this self-excitation system, the induced current is rectified by half-wave and then supplied (returned) to the self-excitation coil so that the self-excitation coil functions as an electromagnet coil.

  However, in the self-excitation function described in Non-Patent Document 1, since the self-excitation coil is also used as an electromagnet pole coil, magnetic interference occurs and induction current can be generated efficiently. In addition, the generated electromagnetic force is weakened.

  In the structure described in Non-Patent Document 1, the self-excitation coil is disposed up to a deep part separated from the outer surface of the rotor, but the high-frequency component (space harmonic component) of the magnetic flux enters (links) into the rotor deep part. And only a very small induced current can be generated in the self-excitation coil.

  Here, Patent Document 1 proposes that an excitation current is generated in a self-excitation coil on the rotor side by separately inputting a high-frequency current to the coil on the stator side.

JP 2010-22185 A

Sakutaro Nonaka “Self-Excited Single-Phase Synchronous Motor” The Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Vol. 78, 842, November 1958 18-26

  In the reluctance motor described in Patent Document 1, even if a high-frequency current is separately input to the driving coil on the stator side in addition to the driving current, it is necessary to input excitation energy to the outside, so that high-efficiency driving is possible. Can not be desired (declining efficiency is inevitable). In addition, when a high-frequency current is constantly input, the induced current may be reduced depending on the timing of superposition.

  Further, in such a reluctance motor, the inductor pole coil on the rotor side is caused to generate an induction current and the salient pole that forms the electromagnetic pole coil of the supply destination functions as the field pole. The amount of magnetic flux that generates an induced current depends on the rotational speed. For this reason, there is a problem that a sufficient amount of torque cannot be obtained due to a small amount of magnetic field during low-speed rotation.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a reluctance motor that improves the torque during low-speed rotation by effectively utilizing the function of recovering lost energy and self-exciting.

According to one aspect of the invention of a rotating electrical machine that solves the above problems, a main rotational force is received by interlinking a stator provided with a driving coil for inputting a driving current of a plurality of phases and a magnetic flux generated in the driving coil. A reluctance motor provided with a plurality of salient poles, wherein the rotor is provided between the salient poles adjacent in the circumferential direction and the inductor poles. is in and, wherein the inductor poles harmonic component you superimposed on magnetic flux to generate an induced current by harmonic components disposed in magnetic flux interlinked on the magnetic path on the rotor side that generates the driving coil A coil, a rectifying element for rectifying the induced current generated in the inductor pole coil, and a salient pole, and the self-excitation is conducted by using the induced current rectified by the rectifying element as a field current. By An electromagnetic pole coil that generates an electromagnetic force serving as an auxiliary rotational force for assisting the main rotational force, and from a power source connected to the drive coil to a predetermined section of an electrical angle as the drive current A power supply control unit is provided that supplies a high-frequency pulse current in a superimposed manner.

According to one aspect of the present invention as described above, induced by harmonic component of the magnetic flux in the inductor pole coils on the rotor side that occurs is input drive current to the stator side of the drive coil current is generated, the rotor side The electromagnetic current is rectified by a rectifying element and input (energized) as a field current to generate self-excited electromagnetic force. This electromagnetic force becomes an auxiliary rotational force added to the main rotational force that rotates the rotor, and the rotor can be efficiently rotated.

  At this time, a high-frequency pulse current is superimposed on a predetermined section of the electrical angle from the power source and supplied to the drive current input to the stator-side drive coil. Harmonic components can be superimposed on the magnetic flux linked to the pole coil, and the induced current generated can be increased. For this reason, by appropriately superimposing and supplying a high-frequency pulse current to the drive current input to the stator side drive coil, the field current (inductive current) input to the rotor side electromagnetic pole coil is increased and self-excited. For example, a large electromagnetic force can be generated and rotated with a large torque even during low-speed rotation.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a reluctance motor according to the present invention, and is a radial cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration thereof. FIG. 2 is a conceptual block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power supply control device that performs power supply control when a drive current is supplied from an in-vehicle battery (power supply). FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a simple model for easily explaining a circuit configuration in which an inductor pole coil and an electromagnet pole coil are connected via a diode. FIG. 4 is a magnetic flux diagram showing a magnetic flux characteristic in which spatial harmonics are superimposed. FIG. 5 is a conceptual model diagram illustrating this embodiment as a winding field motor model and illustrated in a stationary coordinate system (UVW). FIG. 6 is a conceptual model diagram in which FIG. 5 is further modeled as a salient pole model and illustrated in a rotating coordinate system (dq axis). FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a drive current supplied to the drive coil, and is a power waveform diagram illustrating a section in which a high-frequency pulse current to be superimposed on the drive current is superimposed. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the field current generated in the electromagnetic pole coil in accordance with whether or not the high-frequency pulse current shown in FIG. 7 is superimposed on the drive current, and the field current when the high-frequency pulse current is applied at the time of rising. It is a graph which shows the influence (change) of. FIG. 9 is a graph showing the field current generated in the electromagnetic pole coil that is increased by superimposing the high-frequency pulse current shown in FIG. 7 on the drive current. FIG. 10 is a graph showing torque that increases by superimposing the high-frequency pulse current shown in FIG. 7 on the drive current.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1-10 is a figure for demonstrating one Embodiment of the reluctance motor based on this invention.

  In FIG. 1, as will be described later, a reluctance motor 10 is manufactured in a structure that does not require energy input to the rotor 21 from the outside, and has a performance suitable for mounting in a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, for example. ing.

(Basic structure of the reluctance motor 10)
First, a reluctance motor 10 includes a stator (stator) 11 formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a rotor (rotation) in which a shaft 101 is fixed as a rotation shaft that is rotatably accommodated in the stator 11 and coincides with an axis. Child) 21.

  The stator 11 has a plurality of salient poles extending in the radial direction so that the outer peripheral surface 22a of the rotor teeth 22 of the rotor 21 faces the inner peripheral surface 12a through the air gap G. The stator teeth 12 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. The stator teeth (saliency poles) 12 are formed with drive coils 14 by concentrating three-phase windings for each phase individually using slots 13 in the space formed between adjacent side surfaces. Yes. The stator teeth 12 function as an electromagnet that generates magnetic flux that rotates the rotor 21 that is housed in a face-to-face manner by inputting a drive current to the drive coil 14.

  In the rotor 21, a plurality of rotor teeth 22 formed in a salient pole shape extending in the radial direction as in the case of the stator teeth 12 are equally arranged in the circumferential direction. The rotor teeth 22 are formed in such a manner that the outer circumferential surface 22a is appropriately close to the inner circumferential surface 12a of the stator teeth 12 at the time of relative rotation by making the number of the circumferential teeth different from that of the stator teeth 12.

  Thereby, the reluctance motor 10 generates a magnetic flux by supplying electric power from a power supply system 150 (described later) shown in FIG. 2 and energizing the drive coil 14 in the slot 13 of the stator 11, and the magnetic flux is generated in the stator teeth 12. It can be linked to the outer peripheral surface 22a of the rotor teeth 22 facing from the peripheral surface 12a. In the reluctance motor 10, the rotor 21 is relatively rotated by a reluctance torque (main rotational force) that attempts to make the magnetic path through which the interlinked magnetic flux passes shortest. As a result, the reluctance motor 10 can output, as mechanical energy, electrical energy that is energized and input from the shaft 101 that rotates integrally with the rotor 21 that rotates relative to the stator 11.

  At this time, in the reluctance motor 10, spatial harmonic components are superimposed on the magnetic flux interlinking from the inner peripheral surface 12 a of the stator tooth 12 to the outer peripheral surface 22 a of the rotor tooth 22. For this reason, on the rotor 21 side as well, an electromagnetic current can be obtained by generating an induced current (auxiliary current) in a built-in coil by using a change in the magnetic flux density of the spatial harmonic component of the magnetic flux linked from the stator 11 side. it can.

  Specifically, simply supplying the driving power of the fundamental frequency to the driving coil 14 of the stator 11 simply rotates the rotor 21 (rotor teeth 22) with the main magnetic flux that fluctuates at the fundamental frequency. Even if the coil is simply arranged, the interlinkage magnetic flux does not change and no induced current is generated.

  On the other hand, a spatial harmonic component is superimposed on the magnetic flux, and the spatial harmonic component is linked to the rotor tooth 22 from the outer peripheral surface 22a side while temporally changing at a period different from the fundamental frequency. For this reason, the spatial harmonic component superimposed on the magnetic flux of the fundamental frequency without generating a separate input efficiently generates an induced current if a coil is installed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface 22a of the rotor tooth 22. As a result, the spatial harmonic magnetic flux that causes iron loss can be recovered as energy for self-excitation.

  By the way, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted as a reluctance motor, winding is wound around the rotor teeth 22 using the space formed between the adjacent side surfaces of the rotor teeth 22 as a slot 23, and it is two steps in radial direction. It is conceivable that an inductor pole coil is formed on the outer peripheral surface 22a side and an electromagnet pole coil is arranged on the axial center side.

  In this structure, the inductor coil generates an induced current by a spatial harmonic component (change in magnetic flux density) of magnetic flux interlinking from the inner peripheral surface 12a of the stator tooth 12 to the outer peripheral surface 22a of the rotor tooth 22, thereby generating an electromagnet. Can be supplied to the pole coil. For this reason, the electromagnet pole coil can generate magnetic flux (electromagnetic force) by self-exciting the induced current received from the inductor pole coil as a field current. In short, an inductor pole coil and an electromagnet pole coil are incorporated into the rotor teeth 22 themselves in an independent circuit that can use the induced current as a field current, and the chain is separated from the magnetic flux of the drive coil 14 that generates the main rotational force. The reciprocity torque (auxiliary rotational force) that attempts to make the passing magnetic path the shortest by the magnetic flux to be exchanged can assist the relative rotation of the rotor 21, and the spatial harmonic component of the magnetic flux that has been a cause of loss. Can be recovered and used as energy.

  Here, winding a coil around the rotor teeth 22 in this way is described in the book “Self-Excited Single-Phase Synchronous Motor” by the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Vol. 78, No. 842, November 1958, p. 18-26. The reluctance motor described in this document generates an induced current by linking a magnetic flux having a frequency higher than the fundamental frequency to the rotor side coil. The induced current is half-wave rectified by a rectifying element (diode). Thus, the rotor side coil is made to function as a self-excited electromagnet.

However, the self-excitation technique described in this document has the following problems.
1. As the coil on the rotor side, it is also used as a coil that generates an induced current and a coil that flows the rectified induced current as a field current, so that magnetic interference occurs and the induced current cannot be generated efficiently. The magnetomotive force will be very small.
2. Even if the high-frequency component of higher-order magnetic flux higher than the fundamental frequency is linked to the rotor 21 (rotor teeth 22), it remains distributed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface 22a, so that a coil is disposed on the axial center side. Only a very small induced current is generated. Even if the rotor side coil is installed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface 22a of the rotor teeth 22, it is practically impossible. For example, even when a very small amount of a conducting wire with a small wire diameter is wound as a coil, the conductor resistance increases, and as a result, copper loss increases, making it difficult to function as an efficient electromagnet. Further, there is a concern that the rotor surface contacts the stator side.
3. If the coil on the stator 11 side is distributed winding, higher harmonics tend to be superimposed on the magnetic flux, and as described above, only a smaller induced current can be expected with the high frequency component of the higher magnetic flux. In short, distributed winding is inappropriate as a method of winding the coil.
4). In this document, it is explained that the rotor side coil is excited with a harmonic magnetic flux that is twice the fundamental frequency. However, the induced current generated by the second harmonic magnetic flux forms a valley when rectified and synthesized. Further, since the induced current becomes larger as the time change of the magnetic flux is larger, a third-order harmonic magnetic flux that is not too high is more advantageous.

  Therefore, in the reluctance motor 10, on the rotor 21 side, the entire inductor pole coil 27 concentratedly wound around the core material 25 is accommodated in the slot 23 between the rotor teeth 22 and arranged in parallel in the rotation direction. The electromagnet pole coil 28 is arranged by forming one stage of concentrated winding on the whole 22.

  The inductor pole coil 27 employs a core material 25 made of electromagnetic steel (magnetic material), thereby increasing the magnetic permeability so that the magnetic flux can be linked with a high density, and is formed on the inner peripheral surface 12 a of the stator tooth 12. By being positioned on the magnetic path facing through the air gap G as small as possible, more spatial harmonic magnetic fluxes are linked. The inductor pole coil 27 performs a magnetic field analysis so as to effectively use the third-order spatial harmonic component of the magnetic flux interlinking from the inner peripheral surface 12a of the stator tooth 12 to the outer peripheral surface 22a of the rotor tooth 22. It is installed so that an induced current can be generated efficiently by checking the spatial harmonic magnetic path. The inductor pole coil 27 is disposed between the rotor teeth 22 so as to ensure a necessary and sufficient gap with the electromagnet pole coil 28.

  Thus, by adopting the concentrated winding structure, the inductor pole coil 27 and the electromagnet pole coil 28 do not need to be wound in the circumferential direction over a plurality of slots, and can be miniaturized as a whole. . Further, the inductor pole coil 27 efficiently generates an induced current due to the linkage of the third-order spatial harmonic magnetic flux which is a lower order while reducing the copper loss loss on the primary side, and can be recovered. Energy can be increased.

  Moreover, the inductor pole coil 27 is more effective than the case of using the second-order spatial harmonic magnetic flux described in the above-mentioned document (The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan) by using the third-order spatial harmonic magnetic flux. An induced current can be generated. Specifically, the induced current can be recovered efficiently by using the third-order spatial harmonic magnetic flux rather than the second-order so that the time change of the magnetic flux can be increased and the current can be increased. In this document, a coil wound in the deep part on the axial center side of the rotor is shown, and the interlinkage region of spatial harmonics is not taken into consideration and the structure is not effective.

The inductor pole coil 27 is disposed in the slot 23 in a form that is magnetically independent between the outer peripheral surfaces 22 a of the rotor teeth 22.
In addition, the electromagnet pole coil 28 is wound over the entire length of the rotor tooth 22 to effectively use the whole to generate a magnetic flux.
Thus, the inductor pole coil 27 and the electromagnet pole coil 28 are divided so that the magnetic flux paths do not interfere with each other, so that magnetic interference can be reduced and an induced current can be generated efficiently. In addition, the magnetic flux can be generated by effectively functioning as an electromagnet.

  Further, the inductor pole coil 27 is formed in a concentrated winding that is the same circumferential winding with respect to the radial direction of the rotor 21, and is arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor 21, as shown in FIG. Every other inductor pole coil 27 is connected in series. Further, the electromagnet pole coil 28 is formed in a concentrated winding in which the adjacent windings are opposite to each other in the radial direction of the rotor 21, and the outer circumferential side and the axial center side of the rotor 21 are alternately arranged. All connected in series.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the electromagnet coil 28 has both ends connected in series connected to both ends of the inductor pole coil 27 connected in parallel via diodes (rectifier elements) 29A and 29B, respectively. Has been. That is, in the electromagnet coil 28, coils 28A1 to 28An (n: number of poles / 2) and coils 28B1 to 28Bn in all winding directions are connected in series, and the electromagnet coils 28A1 to 28An and 28B1 are connected in series. The dielectric pole coils 27A1 to 27An and 27B1 to 27Bn connected in series so as to correspond to 28Bn are connected in parallel to both ends.

  The diodes 29 </ b> A and 29 </ b> B suppress the number of use by making all of the electromagnet pole coils 28 in series even when the inductor pole coil 27 and the electromagnet pole coil 28 are multipolarized. In order to avoid mass use, the diodes 29A and 29B do not form a general H-bridge type full-wave rectifier circuit, but are connected so that each has a phase difference of 180 degrees, and one of the induced currents The neutral-point clamp type half-wave rectifier circuit (rectifier element) that outputs half-wave rectified by inverting the signal is formed.

  Thereby, in the reluctance motor 10, the inner peripheral surface 12a of the stator tooth 12 is formed on the core material 25 of the electromagnetic steel having a high permeability of the inductor pole coil 27 without interference with the electromagnet pole coil 28 (without reduction of the induction current). By passing the spatial harmonic component of the magnetic flux interlinking with the outer peripheral surface 22a of the rotor teeth 22, the induced current can be efficiently generated and recovered. The induced currents generated individually in the inductor pole coil 27 can be rectified by the diodes 29A and 29B, merged, and individually passed through the series-connected electromagnet coils 28 for effective use. The coil 28 can be effectively self-excited to generate a large magnetic flux (electromagnetic force).

  As a result, the reluctance motor 10 can effectively and smoothly generate the generated magnetic flux without interfering with each other and weakening by the inductor pole coil 27 and the electromagnet pole coil 28 that are separated for excitation and for electromagnet. And can be recovered and output as energy efficiently. That is, the electromagnet pole coil 28 constitutes a salient pole together with the rotor teeth 22, and the dielectric pole coil 27 constitutes an auxiliary pole together with the core material 25.

  Moreover, since the inductor pole coil 27 and the electromagnet pole coil 28 are arranged in multiple numbers in the circumferential direction of the rotor 21 and are multipolarized, they are more than in the case of the two-pole motor as described in the above-mentioned document (Electrical Society magazine). The amount of magnetic flux interlinked with each tooth of the rotor teeth 22 can be dispersed in the circumferential direction, and the electromagnetic force (reluctance torque) acting on the individual rotor teeth 22 can also be dispersed in the circumferential direction to generate electromagnetic vibrations. It can be suppressed and can be silenced.

  Specifically, the inductor pole coil 27 and the electromagnet pole coil 28, including the drive coil 14, are formed using a wire material made of a copper conductor, and the electric conductivity is increased by using the copper conductor. By reducing the loss, an induced current can be efficiently generated and used as a field current. When a copper conductor is employed as the wire material for the coils 27, 28, and 14, it is preferable to employ a rectangular copper wire, thereby reducing copper loss and heat loss due to coil resistance. Furthermore, as the form of the coils 27, 28, 14, the edge-wise coil is vertically wound so that the short side becomes the inner diameter side, thereby reducing the distributed capacitance (floating capacitance) and improving the frequency characteristics. In addition, since the perimeter of the electric wire material is long, it is possible to suppress an increase in resistance due to the skin effect and a reduction in efficiency. As a result, the coils 27, 28, and 14 can recover more loss energy with a small amount of copper conductor. The wire material of the coils 27, 28, and 14 is not limited to a copper conductor, and may be selected for other purposes. For example, an aluminum bar conductor having a specific gravity of 1/3 of copper is adopted. Weight reduction may be achieved.

  Further, the stator 11 is formed in the open type slot 13 having the flange-shaped portion 12b in which the inner peripheral surface 12a side of the stator teeth 12 is protruded in both the forward and reverse circumferential directions, thereby efficiently generating the spatial harmonic magnetic flux. The inductor pole coil 27 is interlinked. In addition, it can suppress that a steep surge voltage generate | occur | produces by using the open type which provides this saddle-shaped part 12b.

  In this way, the reluctance motor 10 effectively links the third-order spatial harmonic magnetic flux from the stator teeth 12 on the stator 11 side by installing the inductor pole coil 27 and the electromagnet pole coil 28 on the rotor 21 side. And reluctance torque can be generated efficiently. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the magnetic flux line FL obtained by magnetic field analysis of the third-order spatial harmonic magnetic flux is illustrated, the core material 25 of the inductor pole coil 27 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface 22 a of the rotor tooth 22 of the electromagnet pole coil 28. Thus, the magnetic flux can be linked between the stator 11 and the rotor 21. For this reason, the magnetic flux saturation on the outer peripheral surface side of the rotor 21 is made larger (by dispersing the interlinkage positions) and the magnetic saturation occurs than in the case of only the outer peripheral surface 22a of the rotor teeth 22. The reluctance torque can be generated efficiently by linking (without magnetic resistance). In addition, since the inductor pole coil 27 has the outer peripheral surface of the core material 25 positioned on the outer peripheral side of the rotor 21, the magnetic flux can be linked from the orthogonal direction, and an induced current can be generated efficiently. it can.

  For this reason, in the reluctance motor 10, the dielectric pole coil 27 is installed in parallel with the electromagnet pole coil 28 to effectively induce a magnetic flux in the dielectric pole coil 27 to generate an induced current. Can be supplied to the electromagnet pole coil 28.

  Thereby, in the reluctance motor 10, the third-order spatial harmonic magnetic flux (magnetic flux vector) is generated at a high density on the outer peripheral surface 22 a side of the rotor tooth 22, and the inductor pole coil 27 and the space between the stator teeth 12 are generated. It is possible to interlink the entirety, and to effectively generate a reluctance torque in a wide range in the circumferential direction and to assist the driving force by the driving coil 14.

  As a result, the third-order spatial harmonic magnetic flux is not close to the magnetic saturation and interlinked via the air gap G, and more is interlinked with the inductor pole coil 27 to increase the capacity. Inductive current can be generated.

  Here, if the magnetic resistance between the inductor pole coil 27 and the surroundings is small, for example, a large amount of magnetic flux flows into the rotor teeth 22 to reduce the salient pole ratio, and the reluctance torque is significantly reduced. I will let you. Further, when a large amount of magnetic flux flows into the rotor teeth 22, depending on the relative positional relationship between the stator 11 and the rotor 21, torque in the negative (reverse rotation) direction may act or magnetic interference may occur, resulting in torque reduction. It can be a factor.

  For this reason, in order to avoid inconvenience due to magnetic coupling to the rotor teeth 22, the inductor pole coil 27 is made magnetically independent with a nonmagnetic material such as a gap or aluminum or resin between the rotor teeth 22. Is disposed in the slot 23.

  From this, the reluctance motor 10 starts rotating the rotor 21 by arranging the inductor pole coil 27 in parallel while being magnetically independent between the electromagnet pole coils 28 as compared with the case where they are not in parallel. Along with this, the interstitial third-order harmonic magnetic flux increases, and the loss energy can be recovered by efficiently generating an induced current in the inductor pole coil 27. Further, in this reluctance motor 10, by arranging the inductor pole coil 27 in parallel between the electromagnet pole coils 28, the waveform of the induced current to be generated can be stabilized, the steady torque can be improved and the torque ripple can be reduced. Torque characteristics can be improved with high quality.

  The reluctance motor 10 has a structure that mainly uses 3f-order spatial harmonic magnetic flux (f = 1, 2, 3,...), And the number of salient poles (rotor teeth 22) on the rotor 21 side P: stator The number S of the slots 13 on the 11 side is made to be 2: 3. For example, the third-order spatial harmonic magnetic flux pulsates in a short cycle because the frequency is higher than the fundamental frequency input to the drive coil 14. For this reason, the rotor 21 generates an induced current efficiently by changing the magnetic flux intensity linked to the inductor pole coil 27 between the rotor teeth 22 and superimposes the spatial harmonic component superimposed on the fundamental frequency magnetic flux. Can be efficiently recovered and rotated.

  In addition, as described above, the reluctance motor 10 has a structure that determines the quality of the relative magnetic action between the rotor 21 side and the stator 11 side, and has a ratio of the number of rotor teeth salient poles P to the number of status lots S. The reason why P / S = 2/3 is adopted is to reduce rotation of electromagnetic noise by reducing electromagnetic vibration.

  Specifically, when the magnetic field analysis of the magnetic flux density distribution is performed in the same manner as described above, the magnetic flux density distribution is also distributed in the circumferential direction within a mechanical angle of 360 degrees in accordance with the ratio of the number of salient teeth P and the number of status lots S. Therefore, uneven distribution is also recognized in the electromagnetic force distribution acting on the stator 11.

  On the other hand, in the reluctance motor 10, by adopting a structure in which the number of rotor teeth salient poles P / the number of status lots S = 2/3, the density distribution is uniform over the entire circumference of a mechanical angle of 360 degrees. Magnetic flux can be linked, and the rotor 21 can be rotated in the stator 11 with high quality.

  As a result, the reluctance motor 10 can be rotated without using the space harmonic magnetic flux as a loss, efficiently recovering the loss energy, greatly reducing the electromagnetic vibration, and rotating with high silence. be able to.

  As described above, the reluctance motor 10 efficiently generates an induction current in the inductor pole coil 27 disposed on the rotor 21 side without supplying power to the part other than the drive coil 14 of the stator 11, thereby causing the field pole to act on the electromagnetic pole coil 28. It can be supplied as an electric current and function as a self-excited electromagnet, and an auxiliary rotational force (electromagnetic force) that assists the main rotational force by supplying power to the drive coil 14 can be obtained and rotated with high efficiency.

(Power source for the reluctance motor 10)
Here, when modeled, the reluctance motor 10 can be illustrated as a winding field motor model shown in FIG. This model is a static coordinate system 3 of a three _- phase armature flux φ _s-3φ using a U-phase flux φ _s-u , a V-phase flux φ _s-v , and a W-phase flux φ _s-w for each of the three-phase windings. The phase (UVW) can be converted into two rotation axes (dq axis) illustrated as a salient pole model shown in FIG.

  In this salient pole model, an armature pole coil 27 (I-pole coil) that generates an induced current by interlinking of magnetic flux is a q-axis, and an electromagnetic pole coil 28 that generates a magnetic flux using the induced current as a field current. The (E-pole coil) is the d-axis. In this salient pole model, the rotation coordinate (dq axis) rotates at ωt (ω: angular velocity, t: time).

  In this salient pole model, the induction current generated in the q-axis armature pole coil 27 is subjected to full-wave rectification to obtain a field current of the electromagnet pole coil 28, which can function as an electromagnet. By solving the transient phenomenon when the rectified induced current is applied to the RL circuit of the salient pole model, the field current flowing through the electromagnetic pole coil 28 can be obtained, and the field current is obtained at the angular velocity ω and the time t. It turns out that it is a function. That is, when the angular velocity ω (= 2πf, f: motor drive frequency) increases, the field current also increases. Conversely, when the angular velocity ω is low, the field current also decreases and a sufficient field can be obtained. Means no.

  In addition, since the induced current as the field current is generated by the spatial harmonic component superimposed on the fundamental wave component of the interlinkage magnetic flux, when the high frequency current is superimposed on the drive current input to the drive coil 14, the high frequency current is generated. A term corresponding to the current is also generated, and the field energy can be supplied also by time harmonics. That is, in a stationary coordinate system, a component that is a spatial harmonic with a spatial phase θ is converted into a time component of ωt when coordinate-converted to the rotating coordinate system dq axis. Time harmonics also have the same physical quantity (same harmonic).

  Therefore, if an attempt is made to constantly superimpose a high-frequency current on the drive current input to the drive coil 14, pulsation (hunting) occurs, and the average value of the field current does not greatly differ, and only ripple occurs. . In short, if a high-frequency current is constantly input, the induced current may be reduced.

  Therefore, the reluctance motor 10 returns to FIG. 2 and connects the drive coil 14 to the power supply system 150. The power supply system 150 converts, for example, DC power output from the vehicle-mounted battery 151 into three-phase AC power via the inverter 152 and supplies (inputs) the driving coil 14 with the DC power.

  The power supply system 150 is configured to supply a three-phase alternating current as a drive current to the drive coil 14 with a power supply control device (power supply control unit) 50 interposed therebetween. When relaying the drive current and the pulse current generator 51 that generates the superimposed high-frequency pulse current, the timing for superimposing and outputting the generated high-frequency pulse current in a predetermined section of the electrical angle in the alternating current is adjusted. A timing control unit 55.

  Here, in the reluctance motor 10, when a simulation is performed in which a high-frequency pulse current is superimposed on the drive current for a specific interval and input to the drive coil 14, for example, it is effective to apply (input) a high-frequency pulse at the timing shown in FIG. It turns out that it is.

  Specifically, the timing control unit 55 of the power supply control device 50 sets the positive / negative switching timing at the time of full-wave rectification of the induced current input from the inductor pole coil 27 to the electromagnetic pole coil 28 via the diodes 29A and 29B. It is set (adjusted) to apply a high-frequency pulse current. That is, the timing control unit 55 sets the positive / negative switching timing for full-wave rectification of the induced current via the diodes 29A and 29B so as to be in the application section, and the high-frequency pulse is set at the switching timing (section). A current is applied to each of the three phases (UVW) and superimposed on the field current.

  As a result, the induction current generated in the inductor pole coil 27 is added with a high-frequency pulse current at the time of rising, as shown in FIG. 9, compared to a sine waveform without application of the high-frequency pulse current, as shown in FIG. The electromagnetic current can be supplied to the electromagnet coil 28 as a field current with an increased current amount, and the torque for rotating the rotor 21 can be increased as shown in FIG.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the high-frequency pulse current is applied (superimposed) to each phase of the drive current supplied to the drive coil 14 at the timing (section) when the polarity of the induced current generated in the inductor pole coil 27 is switched. Therefore, the current amount of the field current supplied to the electromagnet pole coil 28 can be increased particularly in a section where the amount of current decreases as in the case of the positive / negative switching timing by the diodes 29A and 29B. Therefore, the electromagnetic force (rotation assisting force) generated by the self-excitation of the electromagnet pole coil 28 can be increased. For example, a large electromagnetic force can be generated and rotated with a large torque even at low speed rotation.

  Other aspects of the present embodiment are not limited to the radial gap structure in which the air gap G is formed in the radial direction as in the reluctance motor 10, but may be manufactured in an axial gap structure in which the gap is formed in the rotation axis direction. . Also in this case, a dielectric pole coil and an electromagnet pole coil may be arranged together with the drive coil on the axial end faces facing the stator side and the rotor side.

  Furthermore, when producing a flat large-diameter motor structure, a double-gap motor structure in which a rotor is rotatably accommodated between an inner stator and an outer stator may be employed. In this case, the torque can be greatly increased by arranging the dielectric pole coil for recovering the loss energy on the inner stator side and the electromagnetic pole coil for generating torque on the outer stator side.

  Further, in the case of a radial gap structure such as the reluctance motor 10, not only the stator 11 and the rotor 21 are made of a laminated structure of electromagnetic steel plates, but also, for example, the surface of magnetic particles such as iron powder is subjected to an insulation coating process. Alternatively, a so-called SMC core may be employed in which a soft magnetic composite powder material (SoftMagnetic Composites) is further made by iron powder compression molding and heat treatment. This SMC core is suitable for an axial gap structure because it is easy to mold.

  Moreover, the reluctance motor 10 is not limited to vehicle-mounted use, For example, it can employ | adopt suitably as drive sources, such as wind power generation and a machine tool.

  The scope of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated and described exemplary embodiments, but includes all embodiments that provide the same effects as those intended by the present invention. Further, the scope of the invention is not limited to the combinations of features of the invention defined by the claims, but may be defined by any desired combination of particular features among all the disclosed features. .

10 reluctance motor 11 stator 12 stator teeth 13 and 23 slot 14 drive coil 21 rotor 22 rotor teeth 25 core material 27, 27A1 to 27An, 27B1 to 27Bn inductor pole coils 28, 28A1 to 28An, 28B1 to 28Bn electromagnet pole coil 29, 29A, 29B Diode (rectifier element)
50 Power Control Device 51 Pulse Current Generation Unit 55 Timing Control Unit 101 Shaft G Air Gap

Claims (4)

A stator provided with a drive coil for inputting a drive current of a plurality of phases, and a rotor provided with a plurality of salient poles for receiving a main rotational force by interlinking magnetic fluxes generated in the drive coil. A reluctance motor,
The rotor is
An inductor pole provided between the salient poles adjacent in the circumferential direction;
The inductor is provided on the pole, induced by harmonic components disposed in magnetic flux harmonic component you overlap the magnetic flux the rotor side interlinked on the magnetic path to generate the drive coil current An inductor pole coil for generating
A rectifying element that rectifies the induced current generated in the inductor pole coil;
Electromagnetic pole provided on the salient pole and generating an electromagnetic force serving as an auxiliary rotational force that assists the main rotational force by energizing the self-excited current rectified by the rectifying element as a field current and performing self-excitation. Coils,
Have
A reluctance motor comprising: a power supply control unit that supplies a high-frequency pulse current superimposed on a predetermined section of an electrical angle as the drive current from a power supply connected to the drive coil.   2. The reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein the power supply control unit adjusts the timing at which the polarity of the induced current before rectification by the rectifying element is switched to be in the section. A stator provided with a drive coil for inputting a drive current of a plurality of phases, and a rotor provided with a plurality of salient poles for receiving a main rotational force by interlinking magnetic fluxes generated in the drive coil. A power supply control device for inputting the drive current to a reluctance motor,
The rotor of the reluctance motor is
An inductor pole provided between the salient poles adjacent in the circumferential direction;
The inductor is provided on the pole, induced by harmonic components disposed in magnetic flux harmonic component you overlap the magnetic flux the rotor side interlinked on the magnetic path to generate the drive coil current An inductor pole coil for generating
A rectifying element that rectifies the induced current generated in the inductor pole coil;
Electromagnetic pole provided on the salient pole and generating an electromagnetic force serving as an auxiliary rotational force that assists the main rotational force by energizing the self-excited current rectified by the rectifying element as a field current and performing self-excitation. Coils,
Have
A reluctance motor power control apparatus, wherein a high-frequency pulse current is superimposed on a predetermined section of an electrical angle as the drive current and supplied to the drive coil. The reluctance motor power control device according to claim 3, wherein a timing at which the polarity of the induced current before rectification by the rectifying element is switched is adjusted to be in the section.

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