JP6339921B2 - Short circuit element and compensation circuit using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a short-circuit element in which a heating resistor and a fuse element are provided on a substrate, and a compensation circuit that eliminates only abnormal parts in an electronic device using the short-circuit element.

  Conventionally, in LED lighting devices that use a large number of light emitting diodes (LEDs) as light sources, even if some of the light emitting diodes fail, they are connected in series so that they can be used without any problem as a lighting device. A short-circuit element is connected in parallel to each of the LED elements, and when the LED is abnormal, the short-circuit element is short-circuited at a predetermined voltage, and light-emitting diodes other than the failed light-emitting diode continuously emit light (for example, , See Patent Document 1).

  In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, a tunnel junction element in which a large number of metal layers and insulating barrier layers are alternately stacked between electrodes is used as a short-circuit element.

  Many secondary batteries that can be charged and used repeatedly are processed into battery packs and provided to users. Particularly in lithium ion secondary batteries with high weight energy density, in order to ensure the safety of users and electronic devices, in general, a battery pack incorporates a number of protection circuits such as overcharge protection and overdischarge protection, It has a function of shutting off the output of the battery pack in a predetermined case.

  This type of protection element includes an overcharge protection or overdischarge protection operation of the battery pack by turning on / off the output using an FET switch built in the battery pack. However, when the FET switch is short-circuited for some reason, a lightning surge or the like is applied and an instantaneous large current flows, or the output voltage drops abnormally due to the life of the battery cell, or excessively abnormal Even when the voltage is output, the battery pack and the electronic device must be protected from accidents such as ignition.

  Therefore, in order to safely shut off the output of the battery cell in any possible abnormal state, a protection element made of a fuse element having a function of cutting off the current path by an external signal is used. .

  As a protection element of a protection circuit for such a lithium ion secondary battery or the like, a soluble conductor is connected between the first electrode, the heating element extraction electrode, and the second electrode on the current path, and the current path Some of the fusible conductors on the current path are fused by self-heating due to overcurrent or by a heating element provided inside the protection element. In such a protective element, the current path is interrupted by collecting the molten liquid soluble conductor on the conductor layer connected to the heating element (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  For example, in a battery pack containing a plurality of battery cells used as a driving power source for an electric vehicle or the like, a plurality of connected battery cells in the battery pack are separated from the current line, and the separated battery cells are separated. When a circuit portion corresponding to is short-circuited, a current interruption element or a battery cell short-circuit element is used (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

JP 2007-12811 A JP 2010-003665 A JP 2001-35331 A

  By the way, the applicant of the present invention operates a heating element by a signal from the outside as a short-circuit element that can correspond to the LED lighting device disclosed in Patent Document 1, and melts a soluble conductor. Have previously proposed a short-circuit element composed of a fuse element having a function of interrupting a current path and a function of short-circuiting a circuit (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2013-20756, 2013-23171, and 2013-24643). ).

  The short-circuit element basically includes a heating element that generates heat when energized, a soluble conductor that is melted by heat generation of the heating element, a short-circuit part that is short-circuited by melting of the soluble conductor, and the soluble conductor. A fuse portion for interrupting the current path by melting and stopping energization of the heating element is provided.

This short-circuit element is mounted on a circuit having an abnormality detection function, and in principle operates as follows.
(1) It operates by an external signal when an abnormality is detected, and the heating element generates heat when energized.
(2) The soluble conductor is melted by the heat generated by the heating element, and the short circuit portion is short-circuited.
(3) The fusible conductor melts due to the heat generated by the heating element, interrupts the current path of the fuse portion, and stops energization of the heating element.
(4) Completion of operation In the short-circuit element that performs such an operation, when the energization of the heating element is stopped by the interruption operation of (3), the temperature of the heating element is lowered, so that the temperature of the heating element is lowered earlier than the short-circuit operation of (2) If the blocking operation of 3) is performed, the short circuit operation of (2) cannot be performed normally. Therefore, it is necessary to always observe the operation order of (2) and (3).

  However, since the short-circuit part and the fuse part are heated in the same way by one heating element, the fusible conductors of the short-circuit part and the fuse part melt at the same time, and there is little time difference between the shut-off operation and the short-circuit operation. In addition, the short circuit operation of (2) may fail, for example, the conduction resistance after the short circuit becomes unstable.

  In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 3, the interruption operation and the short-circuit operation are performed by simultaneously energizing two heaters with a switch using a single power source. Although there is no mention of the time difference until each operation is completed, the currents of the two heaters continue to flow after the operation is completed, and it is necessary to detect the completion of the operation with another detection circuit and switch it off again. is there.

  Therefore, in view of the actual situation as described above, the object of the present invention is to realize a more reliable short circuit operation and stabilization of the conduction resistance after a short circuit, and to reliably form a bypass path, and An object of the present invention is to provide a compensation circuit using this.

  Other objects of the present invention and specific advantages obtained by the present invention will become more apparent from the description of embodiments described below.

  In the present invention, the fusible conductor for short-circuiting the short-circuit portion in the signal path and the fusible conductor of the fuse portion in the heater path are separated from each other, and each fusible portion of the short-circuit portion and the fuse portion is subjected to heating by heater energization. Provide a structure that causes a difference in the amount of heating between conductors, and ensure that the melting operation time of the fusible conductor in the short circuit part is always faster than the fusing operation time of the fusible conductor in the fuse part. Thus, stable short circuit operation as a short circuit element is ensured.

  That is, when the heater is energized, the meltable conductor melting events of the short circuit part and the fuse part are made independent, and the time difference from the melting of the fusible conductor of the short circuit part to the melting of the fusible conductor of the fuse part, that is, the short circuit By ensuring a constant time difference between the operation and the fuse blowing operation, the short-circuiting and fusing function expression (heater cutting after short-circuiting) is stabilized, and a reliable short-circuit operation as a short-circuiting element is realized.

  The present invention is a short-circuit element, and includes an insulating substrate, a heat generating portion formed of a heating resistor provided on the insulating substrate, and a first electrode and a second electrode provided adjacent to each other on the insulating substrate. And a short-circuit portion comprising a first soluble conductor that melts and short-circuits the first electrode and the second electrode by being heated by the heat generated by the heat-generating resistor, and the insulating substrate has the above-mentioned A third electrode provided adjacent to the first electrode and electrically connected to the heating resistor, and connected in series with the heating resistor between the first electrode and the third electrode A second soluble conductor that forms a current path for a current that flows through the heating resistor by being provided in a heated state and that melts by being heated by the heat generated by the heating resistor and blocks the current path; And the heat generating part. By heating of the heating resistor, characterized by having a a heating amount was made different structure such that the first fusible conductor melts faster than the second fusible conductor.

  In the short-circuit element according to the present invention, the heat generating portion may have, for example, a structure in which the heating amount is made different using two heat generating resistors having different heat generation amounts.

  For example, the heat generating part has a difference in heating amount so as to melt the first soluble conductor faster than the second soluble conductor by using two heat generating resistors having different resistance values. It can be set as the structure. The two heating resistors having different resistance values can be formed by using different pattern widths. The two heat generating resistors having different heat generation amounts can be formed of resistance materials having different specific resistances.

  Further, in the short-circuit element according to the present invention, the heating unit has a difference in the heating amount by using, for example, one heating resistor having a short-circuiting heating region and a fuse heating region having different heating amounts. It is possible to have a structured.

  For example, the heat generating resistor may have different heat generation amounts in the heat generating area for the short circuit portion and the heat generating area for the fuse portion. For example, in the heating resistor, the heating area for the short-circuit portion is disposed immediately below the short-circuit portion, and the heating area for the fuse portion is shifted from directly below the fuse portion, so that the heating amount is different. It can be set as the structure which gave. Further, the heating resistor has a difference in the heating amount by making the distance from the short-circuit heating region to the short-circuit portion shorter than the distance from the fuse heating region to the fuse portion. It can be a structure.

  Further, in the short-circuit element according to the present invention, the heat-generating part is composed of, for example, one heat-generating resistor provided close to the short-circuit part, and the first of the short-circuit parts close to the heat-generating resistor. It is possible to have a structure in which the amount of heating is different so that one soluble conductor is melted faster than the second soluble conductor.

  Furthermore, in the short-circuit element according to the present invention, the first soluble conductor that short-circuits the first electrode and the second electrode is at least one electrode of the first electrode and the second electrode. It can be provided above.

  The present invention is a compensation circuit for forming a bypass current path that bypasses the electronic component in the event of an abnormality of the electronic component mounted on the circuit having an abnormality detection function, the shorting element comprising an insulating substrate, The heat generating portion formed of the heat generating resistor provided on the insulating substrate, the first and second electrodes provided adjacent to each other on the insulating substrate, and the heat generated by the heat generating resistor are melted to be melted. The first electrode and the second electrode are short-circuited by a first soluble conductor that short-circuits the first electrode, and the insulating substrate is provided adjacent to the first electrode. A third electrode that is electrically connected; and a current that flows through the heating resistor by being provided in series with the heating resistor between the first electrode and the third electrode. Path, and A fuse part composed of a second fusible conductor that melts by being heated by the heat of the body and interrupts the current path, and the heat generating part is caused by the heat generated by the heating resistor. It has a structure in which the amount of heating is different so that the soluble conductor is melted faster than the second soluble conductor, and the short-circuit portion is connected in parallel to the electronic component.

  In the compensation circuit according to the present invention, the bypass current path may be formed by a bypass resistor corresponding to an internal resistance of the electronic component connected in series to the short-circuit element and the short-circuit element.

  In the present invention, the fusible conductor for short-circuiting the short-circuit portion in the signal path and the fusible conductor of the fuse portion in the heater path are separated from each other, and each fusible portion of the short-circuit portion and the fuse portion is subjected to heating by heater energization. By providing a structure that causes a difference in the amount of heat between conductors, the structure ensures that the melting operation time of the fusible conductor in the short circuit part is always faster than the fusing operation time of the fusible conductor in the fuse part. In addition, a stable short-circuit operation as a short-circuit element can be ensured.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, a short-circuit element that realizes more reliable short-circuit operation and stabilization of the conduction resistance after the short-circuit, and can reliably form a bypass path, and a compensation circuit using the short-circuit element Can be provided.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the short circuit element to which this invention is applied, (A) is a top view of a short circuit element, (B) is the AA sectional view taken on the line of the short circuit element in (A). It is a circuit diagram which shows the equivalent circuit structure of the said short circuit element, (A) shows the circuit state at the time of non-operation of a short circuit element, (B) shows the circuit state at the time of operation of a short circuit element. It is a top view of a short circuit element provided with the heat generating part using two heat generating resistors from which calorific value differs as a heat generating resistor. It is a top view which shows the operation state of the said short circuiting element, (A) shows the state by which the 1st electrode and the 2nd electrode were short-circuited by melting of the 1st soluble conductor of a short circuit part, (B) Indicates a state in which the current path through which the second fusible conductor of the fuse portion melts and energizes the heat generating portion is interrupted. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of the heat generating part in the said short circuit element, (A) is principal part sectional drawing of the heat generating part comprised by the two heat generating resistors formed by different pattern width, (B) is a heat generating part. It is an equivalent circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of the heat generating part in the said short circuit element, (A) is principal part sectional drawing of the heat generating part comprised by the two heat generating resistors formed with the resistance material from which a specific resistance differs, (B). FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a heat generating portion. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of the heat generating part in the said short circuit element, (A) is a top view of the heat generating part which formed one heat generating resistor in the trapezoid pattern, (B) is one heat generating resistor. FIG. 5C is a plan view of a heat generating part formed in a T-shaped pattern, and FIG. 6C is a plan view of the heat generating part formed with one heat generating resistor in an L-shaped pattern. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of the heat generating part in the said short circuit element, (A) is the space | interval of the heat generating area for short circuit parts, and a 1st soluble conductor, and the heat generating area for fuse parts, and a 2nd soluble conductor Sectional drawing of the short circuit element provided with the heat generating part of the structure which has the level | step difference narrower than the space | interval of (2), (B) arrange | positions the heating resistor for fuse | melting a 1st soluble conductor on the upper surface of an insulated substrate, and 2nd It is sectional drawing of a short circuiting element provided with the heat generating part of the structure which has arrange | positioned the heat-generating resistor for melting the soluble conductor of this to the lower surface of an insulated substrate. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of the heat generating part in the said short circuit element, and is a top view of a short circuit element provided with the heat generating part which consists of one heat generating resistor provided in proximity to the said short circuit part. It is a circuit diagram of the LED lighting device which comprised the short circuit element concerning this invention, and comprised the compensation circuit. It is a circuit diagram which shows the operation | movement of the compensation circuit in the said LED illuminating device, (A) shows the flow of the electric current in the normal time when the light emitting diode is operating normally, (B) is the light emitting diode opened electrically. (C) shows the current flow in a state where the short-circuit element operates and the bypass current path is formed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Further, the drawings are schematic, and the ratio of each dimension may be different from the actual one. Specific dimensions should be determined in consideration of the following description. Moreover, it is a matter of course that portions having different dimensional relationships and ratios are included between the drawings.

  The present invention is applied, for example, to a short-circuit element 100 having a structure as shown in FIGS. 1A shows a plan view of the short-circuit element 100, and FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the short-circuit element 100 in FIG.

  The short-circuit element 100 is a short-circuit element mounted on a circuit having an abnormality detection function, and a heat-generating part 10 that generates heat when energized from the outside at the time of abnormality detection, and a soluble conductor is generated by the heat generation of the heat-generation part 10. A short-circuit unit 20 that melts to form a bypass current path and a fuse unit 30 that melts a soluble conductor by heat generated by the heat generating unit 10 and interrupts the current path of the heat generating unit 10 are provided.

  The heat generating portion 10 includes a heat generating resistor 2 provided on the insulating substrate 1.

  The insulating substrate 1 is formed in a substantially square shape using an insulating member such as alumina, glass ceramics, mullite, zirconia, and the like. In addition, the insulating substrate 1 may be made of a material used for a printed wiring board such as a glass epoxy board or a phenol board, but it is necessary to pay attention to the temperature at which the fuse is blown.

  The heating resistor 2 has a relatively high resistance value and is a conductive member that generates heat when energized, and is made of, for example, W, Mo, Ru, or the like. The heating resistance is obtained by mixing a powder of these alloys, compositions, or compounds with a resin binder or the like, forming a paste on the insulating substrate 1 using a screen printing technique, and firing the pattern. The body 2 is formed. The heating resistor 2 is covered with an insulating layer 3 on the insulating substrate 1. The insulating layer 3 is made of, for example, a glass layer that efficiently transfers the heat of the heating resistor 2.

  Further, the short-circuit portion 20 is melted by being heated by the heat generated by the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B provided adjacent to each other on the insulating layer 3 and the heat-generating portion 10. It consists of the 1st soluble conductor 5 which short-circuits 4 A of 1st electrodes, and the said 2nd electrode 4B.

  Further, the fuse portion 30 is provided on the insulating substrate 1 and electrically connects between the second electrode 4B and the third electrode 4C formed at a predetermined interval and the second electrode 4B. Are connected in series and connected in series with the heating resistor 2 between the second electrode 4B and the fourth electrode 4D, thereby forming a current path for the current flowing through the heating resistor 2. The second fusible conductor 6 is melted by being heated by the heat generated by the heating resistor 2 and interrupts the current path.

  The first and second fusible conductors 5 and 6 are made of a low melting point metal that is rapidly melted by the heat generated by the heating resistor 2, and for example, Pb-free solder containing Sn as a main component can be suitably used. Moreover, the 1st, 2nd soluble conductors 5 and 6 may be a laminated body of a low melting point metal and a high melting point metal such as Ag, Cu or an alloy containing these as a main component. When reflow mounting is performed by laminating a high melting point metal and a low melting point metal, even if the reflow temperature exceeds the melting temperature of the low melting point metal layer and the low melting point metal melts, the soluble conductor will melt. It does n’t come. Such a soluble conductor may be formed by depositing a high melting point metal on a low melting point metal by using a plating technique, or may be formed by using another known lamination technique or film forming technique.

  In order to prevent oxidation of the first and second soluble conductors 5 and 6 and to improve the wettability when the first and second soluble conductors 5 and 6 are melted, the first and second possible conductors 5 and 6 are used. A flux 7 is applied on the molten conductors 5 and 6. In the short-circuit element 100, the first soluble conductor 5 for short-circuiting the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B of the short-circuit portion 20 is divided into two soluble conductors 5A and 5B. Although it is provided on both the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B, it may be provided on at least one of the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B.

  As described above, the short-circuit element 100 includes the heat generating unit 10, the short-circuit unit 20, and the fuse unit 30 provided on the insulating substrate 1.

  The heating unit 10 in the short-circuit element 100 causes the first soluble conductor 5 to move faster than the second soluble conductor 6 by Joule heat generated by passing a current through the heating resistor 2. It has a structure that gives a difference in heating amount so as to melt.

  As shown in the circuit diagrams of FIGS. 2A and 2B, the heat generating unit 10, the short-circuit unit 20, and the fuse unit 30 include the second electrode 4 </ b> B of the short-circuit unit 20 and the third of the fuse unit 30. The second fusible conductor 6 of the fuse portion 30 is connected between the second electrode 4C and the second fusible conductor 6 and the heating resistor 2 between the second electrode 4B and the fourth electrode 4D. Constitutes a short-circuit element 100 connected in series. The first electrode 4A is provided with a first external connection terminal T1, the second electrode 4B is provided with a second external connection terminal T2, and the fourth electrode 4D is provided with a third external connection terminal. A connection terminal T3 is provided, the short-circuit portion 20 is connected to the first external connection terminal T1 and the second electrode 4B, and the second external connection terminal T2 and the third external connection terminal T3 are The heating resistor 2 and the first fusible conductor 5 of the fuse portion 30 are connected in series.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the short-circuit portion 20 is configured between the first external connection terminal T1 and the second external connection terminal T2 as shown in FIG. The first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B are normally in an insulated state, and the circuit state during operation of the short-circuit element 100 is shown in FIG. When the heating resistor 2 of the heat generating portion 10 is heated by being energized from the connection terminal T3, first, the first soluble conductor 5 is heated and melted, and the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B. In other words, the first external connection terminal T1 and the second external connection terminal T2 are short-circuited.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, when the short-circuit element 100 is not in operation, the fuse portion 30 is connected to the heating resistor via the second fusible conductor 6 connected in series with the heating resistor 2. A current path of a current flowing through the body 2 is configured between the second external connection terminal T2 and the third external connection terminal T3, that is, between the second electrode 4B and the fourth electrode 4D. As shown in FIG. 2B, when the short-circuit element 100 is operated, the heating resistor 2 of the heat generating portion 10 generates heat, so that it is heated later than the first soluble conductor 5 and is heated first. The two soluble conductors 6 are melted to interrupt the current path.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the heating resistor has a structure in which the first soluble conductor 5 is melted faster than the second soluble conductor 6. 2 can be constructed using two heat generating resistors 2A and 2B having different heat generation amounts.

  That is, the heating resistor 2A provided immediately below the first soluble conductor 5 (5A, 5B) of the short-circuit portion 10 is the heating resistor provided immediately below the second soluble conductor 6 of the fuse portion 30. By setting the heat generation amount larger than 2B, even if the two heat generation resistors 2A and 2B are energized simultaneously to generate heat, the heat generation resistor 2A having a larger heat generation amount than the heat generation resistor 2B is provided immediately below. Further, the first fusible conductor 5 (5A, 5B) of the short-circuit portion 20 is melted earlier than the second fusible conductor 6 of the fuse portion 30 in which the heating resistor 2B is provided immediately below. 4 (A), after the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B are short-circuited by melting the first soluble conductor 5 (5A, 5B) of the short-circuit portion 20, As shown in FIG. 4B, the second fuse section 30 It will cut off the current path 溶導 body 6 is melted.

  In the two heating resistors 2A and 2B, the applied voltage is constant, that is, in a state where they are connected in parallel, the amount of heat generation is inversely proportional to the resistance value. Can be.

  When the two heating resistors 2A and 2B are formed of the same resistance material, the resistance value is proportional to the length if the cross-sectional area of the pattern of the heating resistors is constant, and the length is constant. If there is, it is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area, so that the resistance values of the heating resistors 2A and 2B can be different from each other by changing the cross-sectional area or length of the pattern of the heating resistors.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, the heating resistors 2A and 2B are formed with different pattern widths, and the pattern width of the heating resistor 2A is wider than the pattern width of the heating resistor 2B. As shown in the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 5B, a parallel connection circuit in which the resistance value R1 of the heating resistor 2A is made smaller than the resistance value R2 of the heating resistor 2B is formed. The heating value of the resistor 2A can be made larger than the heating value of the heating resistor 2B.

  Here, an example sample of the short-circuit element 100 provided with the heat generating portion 10 including the heat generating resistors 2A and 2B formed with different pattern widths shown in FIGS. Table 1 below shows the results of measuring the short-circuiting time and the fuse-cutting time of the conventional short-circuit sample provided with the same power applied to the heat generating portion.

  From Table 1, the example sample has a larger time difference between the short circuit time and the fuse cutting time than the conventional sample, and is about 4.5 times longer on average, and the operation as a short circuit element is stable. I understand.

  Further, the two heating resistors 2A and 2B may be formed of resistance materials having different specific resistances so as to have different resistance values. For example, the specific resistance of the resistive material can be adjusted by containing silver.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, even if the heating resistors 2A and 2B have the same shape, the heating resistor 2A is formed of a resistance material having a smaller specific resistance than the heating resistor 2B. Thus, as shown in the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 6B, a parallel connection circuit is formed in which the resistance value R1 of the heating resistor 2A is smaller than the resistance value R2 of the heating resistor 2B. The heating value of 2A can be made larger than the heating value of the heating resistor 2B.

  As described above, the two heat generating resistors 2A and 2B having different heat generation amounts are used as the heat generating resistor 2 so that the first soluble conductor 5 is melted earlier than the second soluble conductor 6. By constructing a structure that gives a difference in the amount of heating, the short-circuit element 100 can reliably provide a time difference between the short-circuit time and the fuse cutting time, and can realize a more reliable short-circuit operation.

  In the above description, the two heating resistors 2A and 2B have been described as having a constant applied voltage, that is, connected in parallel, but may be connected in series and allow a constant current to flow. That is, in the configuration in which a constant current flows, the larger the resistance value of the heating resistor, the greater the amount of heat generated. Therefore, by increasing the resistance value of the heating resistor 2A, the first soluble conductor 5 is increased. It is possible to construct a structure that gives a difference in the amount of heating so as to be melted faster than the second soluble conductor 6.

  Here, the heating unit 10 has a structure in which the heating amount is made different by using one heating resistor having the heating region for the short circuit portion and the heating region for the fuse portion having different heating amounts. It can also be.

  That is, the heat generating part 10 includes, for example, as shown in FIG. 7A, a short-circuit heat generating area 2C for heating to melt the first soluble conductor 5, and the second soluble part. One heating resistor 2 having a fuse portion heat generating region 2D for heating to melt the conductor 6 is formed in a trapezoidal pattern, and the resistance of the short portion heat generating region 2C is more than that of the fuse portion heat generating region 2D. The first soluble conductor 5 is melted faster than the second soluble conductor 6 by reducing the value so that a large amount of current flows through the short-circuit heating region 2C. It can be set as the structure which gives a difference in the amount of heating.

  Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 7B, in order to melt the second soluble conductor 6 and the short-circuit heat generating area 2 </ b> C for heating to melt the first soluble conductor 5. One heating resistor 2 having a fuse portion heat generating region 2D that performs heating is formed in a T-shaped pattern, and the length of the short circuit portion heat generating region 2C is made shorter than that of the fuse portion heat generating region 2D. The first fusible conductor 5 is melted faster than the second fusible conductor 6 by reducing the resistance value so that a large amount of current flows through the short-circuit heating region 2C. Thus, it can be set as the structure which gives a difference in heating amount.

  Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 7C, the short-circuit heating region 2C for heating to melt the first soluble conductor 5 and the second soluble conductor 6 are melted. An L-shaped pattern is formed on one heat generating resistor 2 having a heat generating area 2D for the fuse portion that performs heating, and the heat generating area 2C for the short-circuit portion is disposed immediately below the short-circuit portion 20 for the fuse portion. The heat generating region 2D is arranged so as to be shifted from directly below the fuse portion 30, thereby providing a difference in heating amount so that the first soluble conductor 5 is melted earlier than the second soluble conductor 6. It can be a structure.

  Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 8A, the heat generating part 10 is configured such that the distance between the heat generating area 2C for the short circuit part and the first fusible conductor 5 is changed to the heat generating area 2D for the fuse part. By adopting the structure of the insulating layer 3 having a step that is narrower than the distance from the conductor 6, the heating amount is adjusted so that the first soluble conductor 5 is melted faster than the second soluble conductor 6. It can also be set as the structure which gives a difference.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, for example, the heat generating portion 10 has a heat generating resistor 2A for melting the first soluble conductor 5 disposed on the upper surface of the insulating substrate 1, and the second possible By adopting a structure in which the heating resistor 2B for melting the molten conductor 6 is disposed on the lower surface of the insulating substrate 1, the first soluble conductor 5 is melted faster than the second soluble conductor 6. It can be set as the structure which gives a difference in heating amount.

  Furthermore, the heat generating part 10 is composed of one heat generating resistor 2 provided close to the short circuit part 20 as shown in FIG. 9, for example, and the short circuit part 20 close to the heat generating resistor 2. It is also possible to have a structure in which the heating amount is varied so that the first fusible conductor 5 is melted faster than the second fusible conductor 6 of the fuse portion 30.

  In the short-circuit element 100 having the above-described configuration, a difference in heating amount is provided so that the first soluble conductor 5 is melted faster than the second soluble conductor 6 due to the heat generated by the heating resistor 2. Since the heat generating part 10 has the above structure, a time difference can be provided between the short circuit time and the fuse cutting time with certainty, and a more reliable short circuit operation can be realized.

  In the short-circuit element 100, the first fusible conductor 5 for short-circuiting the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B of the short-circuit portion 20 includes the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B. Are provided on both electrodes of the first electrode 4B, but may be provided on at least one of the first electrode 4A and the second electrode 4B.

  The short-circuit element 100 having such a configuration is used as a short-circuit element that forms a bypass current path that bypasses the electronic component when an electronic component mounted in a circuit having an abnormality detection function is abnormal.

  That is, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 10, the short-circuit element 100 is incorporated in the LED lighting device 200 and forms a bypass current path that bypasses the light emitting diode 201 even when an abnormality occurs in one light emitting diode 201. The compensation circuit 250 is configured.

  This LED lighting device 200 includes a plurality of light emitting diodes 201 connected in series on a current path, and the light emitting diode 201 and the first external connection terminal T1 of the short-circuiting element 100 are connected to the light emitting diode 201 via a bypass resistor 202. Connected to the anode, the second external connection terminal T2 is connected to the cathode of the light emitting diode 201, and the third external connection terminal T3 is connected to the anode of the light emitting diode 201, whereby the light emitting diode 201 and the short-circuit element are connected. 100 constitutes the LED unit 210. The LED lighting apparatus 200 is configured by connecting a plurality of LED units 210 in series.

  The bypass resistor 202 has a resistance value corresponding to the internal resistance of the light emitting diode 201. Further, the resistance value of the heating resistor 2 of the heat generating part 10 of the short-circuit element 100 is larger than the internal resistance of the light emitting diode 201. Therefore, when the light emitting diode 201 is operating normally, in the LED lighting device 200, as shown in FIG. 11A, the current I does not flow to the short circuit element 100 side, but flows to the light emitting diode 201 side. .

  However, when an abnormality appears in the light emitting diode 201 and the LED 201 is electrically opened, the current I flows to the fuse part 30 side of the short-circuit element 100 in the LED lighting device 200 as shown in FIG. . As a result, the short-circuit element 100 has the first external connection terminal as shown in FIG. 11C when the heating resistor 2 of the heat generating portion 10 generates heat and the first soluble conductor 5 melts. Between T1 and 2nd external connection terminal T2, ie, both electrodes 4A and 4B of the short circuit part 10 are short-circuited, and a bypass current path is formed. And after both electrodes 4A and 4B of the said short circuit part 10 are short-circuited by the heat_generation | fever of the heat generating resistor 2 of the said heat generating part 10, the 2nd soluble conductor 6 melts | fuses, thereby generating heat resistance of the heat generating part 10 The power supply to the body 2 is stopped.

  The short-circuit element 100 has a structure in which the heating amount is different so that the first soluble conductor 5 is melted faster than the second soluble conductor 6 due to heat generated by the heating resistor 2. The heating unit 10 has a time difference between the short-circuiting time and the fuse cutting time, so that a more reliable short-circuiting operation can be performed. In this LED lighting device 200, an abnormality has occurred in one light-emitting diode 201. Even in this case, the compensation circuit 250 that reliably forms a bypass current path that bypasses the light emitting diode 201 is configured.

  In the illuminating device 200, the compensation circuit 250 operates to form a bypass current path that bypasses the failed light emitting diode 201, and the current can be passed through the other light emitting diodes 201 to continue light emission. In other words, the other light emitting diodes 201 are connected in series via the bypass resistor 202, and the light emitting diodes 201 other than the failed light emitting diode 201 can continue to emit light. Since the bypass resistor 202 has a resistance value corresponding to the internal resistance of the light emitting diode 201, the resistance value of the current path of the plurality of light emitting diodes 201 connected in series is the same before and after the operation of the compensation circuit 250. Therefore, the driving state of the light emitting diodes 201 other than the failed light emitting diode 201 does not change.

  In the LED lighting device 200, the compensation circuit 250 that forms a bypass current path that bypasses the light emitting diode 201 even when an abnormality occurs in one light emitting diode 201 has been described. Without being limited to the application to the lighting device 200, for example, a plurality of connected battery cells are separated from the current line in a battery pack containing a plurality of battery cells used as a driving power source for an electric vehicle or the like. Thus, the present invention is applied to various compensation circuits that form a bypass current path that bypasses the electronic component when the electronic component mounted on the circuit having the abnormality detection function is abnormal, such as short-circuiting a circuit portion corresponding to the separated battery cell. be able to.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Insulation board | substrate, 2 Heating resistor, 2A, 2B Heating resistor, 2C Heating area for short circuit part, 2D Heating area for fuse part, 3 Insulating layer, 4A 1st electrode, 4B 2nd electrode, 4C 3rd Electrode, 4D fourth electrode, 5 first fusible conductor, 6 second fusible conductor, 7 flux, 10 heat generating part, 20 short circuit part, 30 fuse part, 100 short circuit element, 200 LED lighting device, 201 light emission Diode, 202 bypass resistor, 250 compensation circuit, T1 first external connection terminal, T2 second external connection terminal, T3 third external connection terminal

Claims (13)

An insulating substrate;
A heat generating portion made of a heat generating resistor provided on the insulating substrate;
A first electrode and a second electrode provided adjacent to each other on the insulating substrate; and the first electrode and the second electrode which are melted by being heated by heat generated by the heating resistor; A short-circuit portion made of a first soluble conductor that short-circuits,
A third electrode provided on the insulating substrate and electrically connected to the heating resistor, and provided in a state connected in series with the heating resistor between the second electrode and the third electrode. A fuse portion comprising a second fusible conductor that forms a current path of a current that flows through the heating resistor and is melted by being heated by the heat generation of the heating resistor to cut off the current path; With
The heat generating part has a structure in which a difference in heating amount is provided so that the first soluble conductor is melted faster than the second soluble conductor due to heat generated by the heating resistor. Short circuit element to be used.   2. The short-circuit element according to claim 1, wherein the heat generating portion has a structure in which the heating amount is made different by using two heating resistors having different heat generation amounts.   The short-circuit element according to claim 2, wherein the two heating resistors having different heating amounts have different resistance values.   4. The short-circuit element according to claim 3, wherein the two heating resistors having different heating amounts are formed with different pattern widths.   4. The short-circuit element according to claim 3, wherein the two heat generating resistors having different heat generation amounts are formed of resistance materials having different specific resistances.   The heating unit has a structure in which the heating amount is made different by using one heating resistor having a heating region for a short-circuit portion and a heating region for a fuse portion having different heating amounts. 1. The short circuit element according to 1.   7. The short-circuit element according to claim 6, wherein the heat-generating resistor is different in heat generation amount between the heat-generating area for the short-circuit portion and the heat-generating area for the fuse portion.   8. The heat generating resistor according to claim 7, wherein the heat generating region for the short circuit portion is disposed immediately below the short circuit portion, and the heat generating region for the fuse portion is disposed so as to be shifted from immediately below the fuse portion. Short circuit element.   8. The short-circuit element according to claim 7, wherein the heating resistor has a distance from the short-circuit heating region to the short-circuit portion shorter than a distance from the fuse-heating region to the fuse portion.   The heat generating part is composed of one heat generating resistor provided close to the short circuit part, and the first soluble conductor of the short circuit part close to the heat generating resistor is connected to the second soluble part. 2. The short-circuit element according to claim 1, wherein the short-circuit element has a structure in which a difference in heating amount is provided so as to melt faster than a conductor.   The first soluble conductor that short-circuits the first electrode and the second electrode is provided on at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode. The short-circuit element according to any one of claims 1 to 10. A compensation circuit that forms a bypass current path that bypasses the electronic component when an abnormality occurs in the electronic component mounted on a circuit having an abnormality detection function by a short-circuit element,
The short-circuit element includes an insulating substrate, a heat generating portion formed of a heating resistor provided on the insulating substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode provided adjacent to each other on the insulating substrate, and the heat generation. A short-circuit portion comprising a first fusible conductor that is melted by being heated by the heat generated by the resistor and short-circuits the first electrode and the second electrode; A third electrode electrically connected to the resistor, and a current connected to the heating resistor between the second electrode and the third electrode are connected to the resistor to flow through the heating resistor. A current path of a current, and a fuse portion including a second fusible conductor that melts and cuts off the current path by being heated by the heat generated by the heating resistor, Due to the heat generated by the heating resistor, the first possible Compensation circuit, characterized in that it comprises an on heating amount was made different structures so as to melt sooner than the second fusible conductor conductor.   13. The compensation circuit according to claim 12, wherein the bypass current path is formed by a bypass resistor corresponding to an internal resistance of the electronic component connected in series to the short-circuit element and the short-circuit element.