JP6332923B2 - Fail-safe mechanism for base-isolated buildings - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention provides, for example, a fail-safe mechanism for a base-isolated building for preventing excessive horizontal deformation of an upper structure provided above the base-isolated layer in a base-isolated building having a base-isolated layer on an intermediate floor. About.

  In seismic isolation buildings, seismic energy input above the seismic isolation layer is reduced by concentrating deformation in the seismic isolation layer and absorbing seismic energy during an earthquake. For seismic isolation materials that make up the seismic isolation layer, deformation limit values are defined for each material. Of course, during L1 earthquakes (rarely occurring earthquakes: seismic intensity of about 5), L2 earthquakes (extremely rare earthquakes) : Seismic intensity 6)) Designed to prevent deformation exceeding the limit value.

JP 2011-140759 A

  However, deformation beyond the limit value (excessive deformation) may occur in the seismic isolation layer due to the maximum ground motion (seismic intensity of 7 or more) exceeding the current legal standards (L2 earthquake). In this respect, in the basic seismic isolation structure shown in FIG. 6A, the maximum deformation amount of the seismic isolation layer 51 is determined by the distance between the retaining wall 53 provided on the outer periphery of the seismic isolation building 52 and the seismic isolation building 52. When the building 52 is deformed beyond the maximum deformation amount, a collision between the seismic isolation building 52 and the retaining wall 53 occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to examine whether the structural safety of the seismic isolation building 52 is ensured by the collision. It can be said that there exists a mechanism for suppressing excessive deformation of the seismic layer 51.

  On the other hand, in the intermediate floor seismic isolation structure in which the seismic isolation layer 51 is installed on the ground as shown in FIG. 6B, excessive deformation of the seismic isolation layer 51 is required unless an appropriate device is separately installed. The structural safety of the seismic isolation building 52 is not secured against the case where the seismic isolation layer 51 cannot be prevented and deforms beyond the limit value.

  Therefore, in order to suppress the excessive deformation of the intermediate floor seismic isolation layer, as shown in FIG. 7, it is considered that the elevator shaft 54 is penetrated into the seismic isolation layer 51 and used for suppressing the excessive deformation of the seismic isolation layer 51. (See Patent Document 1). However, when such a technique is used, there is a demerit that it is necessary to set a clearance inside the seismic isolation building 52 or to adjust a plan.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters, and its purpose is to provide a seismic isolation that can suppress excessive deformation exceeding the allowable limit of the seismic isolation layer without restricting the plan inside the seismic isolation building. It is to provide a fail-safe mechanism for buildings.

In order to achieve the above object, the fail-safe mechanism for a base-isolated building according to the present invention is a horizontal direction of an upper structure provided above the base-isolated layer in a base-isolated building having a base-isolated layer on an intermediate floor. This is a fail-safe mechanism for a base-isolated building for preventing excessive deformation to the upper structure, and is located above the base-isolated layer at a position horizontally spaced from the upper structure without being supported by the base-isolated layer. And an outrigger frame for restricting the horizontal movement of the upper structure is provided, and an excessive deformation suppression device is provided between the upper structure and the outrigger frame. the even distance from the upper structure to said outrigger frame becomes likely below even when the likely exceed the predetermined range deviates from the predetermined range, the distance is within the predetermined range The upper structure and the outrigger frame are constrained to stay, and the upper structure and the outrigger frame are not constrained if the distance is within the certain range, and the outrigger frame is Built in a state separated from the building, the lower structure provided below the seismic isolation layer in the base isolation building and the outrigger frame are connected by a damper, It has a male arm and a female arm that can be moved toward and away from each other and the angle between them is variable, and either the male arm or the female arm is the upper structure, and the other is the outrigger. It is fixed to the frame (claim 1).

  In the fail-safe mechanism of the seismic isolation building, the outrigger frame may be configured to include at least one of a staircase, an elevator shaft, a passage, a warehouse, an equipment machine room, and a toilet (Claims). 2).

  In the fail-safe mechanism of the seismic isolation building, the outrigger frame may be lower than the upper structure, and the excessive deformation suppression device may be provided between the upper portion of the outrigger frame and the lower portion of the upper structure. (Claim 3).

In the fail-safe mechanism, a pre-SL upper structure and the outrigger frame but it may also be connected by a damper (claim 4).

  In the present invention, a fail-safe mechanism for a seismic isolation building that can suppress excessive deformation exceeding the allowable limit of the seismic isolation layer without limiting the plan inside the base isolation building is obtained.

  That is, in the fail-safe mechanism of the base-isolated building of the invention according to each claim of the present application, the outrigger frame is constructed in a state separated from the base-isolated building so as not to constrain the plan inside the base-isolated building. be able to. Further, by restricting the movement of the upper structure in the horizontal direction by the outrigger frame, it is possible to suppress excessive deformation of the seismic isolation layer.

  In the fail-safe mechanism of the seismic isolation building according to the second aspect, the core space is formed in the outrigger frame, so that the degree of freedom of planning inside the seismic isolation building can be improved.

  In the fail-safe mechanism of the base-isolated building of the invention according to claim 1, the base-isolated layer has a base-isolation during an earthquake within the allowable range of the base-isolated layer of the base-isolated building (for example, during a small to medium-scale earthquake). In order to prevent the excessive deformation of the seismic isolation layer by restraining the upper structure and the outrigger frame with an excessive deformation suppression device so that the effect can be fully exerted and in the case of a large earthquake exceeding the limit of the seismic isolation layer Can be.

  In addition, when the superstructure and the outrigger frame are restrained by the excessive deformation suppression device, the seismic isolation building and the outrigger frame are substantially combined, and the stance of the seismic isolation building is expanded, so the stability is increased accordingly. In addition, the outrigger frame bears the pulling force acting on the seismic isolation material of the seismic isolation layer, and the excessive pulling force acting on the seismic isolation material is suppressed.

In the fail-safe mechanism of the base-isolated building according to claims 1 and 4, the response characteristics between the base-isolated building and the outrigger frame are adopted by adopting the joint vibration control that couples the base-isolated building and the outrigger frame with the damping damper. It is possible to improve the seismic performance by adding attenuation due to the difference.

(A) And (B) is explanatory drawing and a top view which show roughly the structure of the fail safe mechanism of the seismic isolation building which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. (A) And (B) is sectional drawing which shows roughly the structure of an example of the excessive deformation prevention apparatus in the said fail safe mechanism, and another example. (A)-(C) is explanatory drawing which shows the modification which connected the seismic isolation building and the outrigger frame with the damper. (A)-(C) are top views which show the example from which each arrangement | positioning of an outrigger frame differs. (A) is the example which provided the shock absorber in the outrigger frame, (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the example which integrated the lower structure and the outrigger frame, respectively. (A) And (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the conventional basic seismic isolation structure and intermediate | middle floor seismic isolation structure roughly. It is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the structure of the prior art which utilizes an elevator shaft for the fail safe of seismic isolation layer excessive deformation suppression.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, the seismic isolation building 1 shown in FIG. 1 (A) has a base isolation layer 2 on an intermediate floor located on the ground, and the upper structure 3 provided above the base isolation layer 2 is It is supported by the lower structure 5 via a seismic isolation device 4 arranged in the layer 2. And in the fail safe mechanism of the seismic isolation building according to the present embodiment, the outrigger frame 6 constructed in a state separated from the seismic isolation building 1 is used to regulate the movement of the upper structure 3 in the horizontal direction. Thus, the horizontal deformation of the base isolation layer 2 and the upper structure 3 of the base isolation building 1 is prevented.

  That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, the seismic isolation building 1 has a vertically long rectangular shape in plan view, and the outrigger frame 6 is disposed on one side in the short side direction of the base isolation building 1. As shown in FIG. 1A, the outrigger frame 6 is provided at a position spaced apart from the upper structure 3 in the horizontal direction, and extends upward from the seismic isolation layer 2 without being supported by the seismic isolation layer 2. ing.

  And as shown to FIG. 1 (A), the excessive deformation suppression apparatus 7 is provided between the upper structure 3 and the outrigger frame 6 of the seismic isolation building 1. The excessive deformation suppressing device 7 restrains the upper structure 3 and the outrigger frame 6 so that the distance remains within the predetermined range when the distance from the upper structure 3 to the outrigger frame 6 is likely to deviate from the predetermined range. The upper structure 3 and the outrigger frame 6 are not restrained if the distance is within the predetermined range. In addition, illustration of the excessive deformation | transformation suppression apparatus 7 is abbreviate | omitted in FIG.1 (B).

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), the excessive deformation suppressing device 7 includes a male arm 9 having a spherical tip portion 8 and a hollow that accommodates and holds the tip portion 8 so as to be pivotable. A female arm 11 having a spherical housing 10 at its tip is provided. The housing 10 is filled with a viscous body (for example, oil) 12, and an opening 13 is provided at the tip of the housing 10. And a deformable viscoelastic body 14 for sealing is disposed in the opening 13.

  Then, by making the inner surface of the housing 10 of the female arm 11 somewhat larger than the outer surface of the distal end portion 8 of the male arm 9, the male arm 9 and the female arm 11 can approach and separate from each other within a certain range. The angle between them is also variable.

  One of the male arm 9 and the female arm 11 of the excessive deformation suppressing device 7 configured as described above is fixed to the upper structure 3 and the other is fixed to the outrigger frame 6. Thus, the seismic isolation building 1 and the outrigger frame 6 are not restrained by the excessive deformation suppressing device 7 while the tip 8 of the male arm 9 does not contact the inner surface of the housing 10 of the female arm 11. The seismic isolation effect of 1 is fully demonstrated. For example, an external force exceeding a trigger level (for example, a maximum earthquake with a seismic intensity of 7) is applied to the seismic isolation building 1, the upper structure 3 moves in the horizontal direction, and the tip 8 of the male arm 9 is the female arm. 11 is in contact with the inner surface of the housing 10, further contact or separation of the both 3 and 6 is suppressed by this contact, so that excessive horizontal deformation of the seismic isolation layer 2 or the upper structure 3 is suppressed. Will be.

  In addition, in the base-isolated building 1 having a large aspect ratio, there is a problem that a pulling force exceeding the limit acts on the base-isolating material of the base-isolating layer 2 when an external force is applied that exceeds the assumption. However, in the present embodiment in which the excessive deformation suppression device 7 is provided between the base-isolated building 1 and the outrigger frame 6, the excessive deformation suppression device 7 is large enough to be in a state of restraining the base-isolated building 1 and the outrigger frame 6. When an external force (for example, an external force exceeding the trigger level) is applied to the seismic isolation building 1, the seismic isolation building 1 and the outrigger frame 6 are substantially coupled by the restraint of the excessive deformation suppressing device 7. In this coupled state, as shown in FIG. 1 (A), the stance of the seismic isolation building 1 is substantially expanded from S1 to S2, so that the stability is further increased and the pulling force F acting on the seismic isolation material is increased. The outrigger frame 6 bears the excessive pulling force on the seismic isolation material.

  Moreover, since the outrigger frame 6 is constructed beside the seismic isolation building 1, there is no restriction on the plan inside the seismic isolation building 1, and the outrigger frame 6 is connected to the seismic isolation building 1. The outrigger frame 6 includes at least one of stairs, elevator shafts, passages (evacuation passages and communication passages), warehouses, equipment machine rooms, toilets, and the like as core spaces and backyards. If it does, the freedom degree of the plan inside seismic isolation building 1 can also be improved.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can of course be implemented with various configurations and the like without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, it can be changed as follows.

  In the excessive deformation suppressing device 7 shown in FIG. 2 (A), the tip 8 of the male arm 9 has a spherical shape, and the housing 10 of the female arm 11 has a hollow spherical shape. As shown in B), the shape of the distal end portion 8 of the male arm 9 is not spherical but has a concave spherical surface 15 on the front and back, and the housing 10 of the female arm 11 is changed from a hollow spherical shape to a cylindrical shape accordingly. In addition, the convex spherical surface 16 may be provided before and after the inner surface of the housing 10.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the upper structure 3 and the lower structure 5 may be connected to the outrigger frame 6 by dampers (damping dampers) 17, respectively. Of course, the object to be connected to the outrigger frame 6 by the damper 17 may be only the lower structure 5 (see FIG. 3B) or only the upper structure 3 (see FIG. 3C). In any case, by adopting the joint seismic control that connects the base-isolated building 1 and the outrigger frame 6 with the damper 17, the damping due to the difference in response characteristics between the base-isolated building 1 and the outrigger frame 6 is added to improve the seismic performance. It is possible to improve. In addition, in each example shown to FIG. 3 (A)-(C), the number of the excessive deformation suppression apparatus 7 and the damper 17 can be changed arbitrarily according to arrangement | positioning, performance, etc. For example, since the excessive deformation suppression device 7 works more effectively as it is closer to the seismic isolation layer 2, when the excessive deformation suppression device 7 is disposed near the seismic isolation layer 2, the excessive deformation suppression device 7 having the same performance is used. The number of the excessive deformation suppression devices 7 can be reduced as compared with the case where they are arranged far away from each other.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), the outrigger frame 6 is arranged only on one side in the short side direction of the base-isolated building 1, but this is not limiting, and for example, as shown in FIG. 4 (A). In addition, the outrigger frames 6 may be arranged on both sides of the base-isolated building 1 in the short side direction. Further, when the plan view shape of the seismic isolation building 1 is close to a square, for example, an outrigger frame 6 is arranged so as to surround the seismic isolation building 1 from four sides (see FIG. 4B), or the seismic isolation building 1 The outrigger frame 6 may be arranged outside the two adjacent sides (see FIG. 4C).

  Here, when the outrigger frame 6 is arranged as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, either or both of the excessive deformation suppressing device 7 and the damper 17 are provided between the seismic isolation building 1 and the outrigger frame 6. As an alternative, as shown in FIG. 5A, a shock absorber 18 such as a fender may be provided at a position where the outrigger frame 6 can receive a collision by the seismic isolation building 1. Further, in place of or instead of providing the shock absorber 18 on the outrigger frame 6 as described above, the shock absorber 18 may be provided at a position where it can collide with the outrigger frame 6 in the seismic isolation building 1. And of course, you may use together the excessive deformation suppression apparatus 7, the damper 17, and the impact-absorbing material 18. FIG.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), the outrigger frame 6 is constructed in a state separated from the seismic isolation building 1, but not limited to this, for example, as shown in FIG. A part of the structure 5 may be protruded to the side of the upper structure 3, the outrigger frame 6 may be constructed above the protruding portion, and the outrigger frame 6 and the lower structure 5 may be integrated. .

  Needless to say, various examples given in the present specification may be appropriately combined.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seismic isolation building 2 Seismic isolation layer 3 Upper structure 4 Seismic isolation device 5 Lower structure 6 Outrigger frame 7 Excessive deformation control device 8 Tip 9 Male arm 10 Housing 11 Female arm 12 Viscous body 13 Opening 14 Viscoelastic body 15 Concave sphere 16 Convex sphere 17 Damper 18 Shock absorber 51 Seismic isolation layer 52 Seismic isolation building 53 Retaining wall 54 Elevator shaft F Pull-out force S1 stance S2 stance

Claims (4)

In the seismic isolation building having the seismic isolation layer on the intermediate floor, a fail-safe mechanism of the seismic isolation building for preventing excessive deformation in the horizontal direction of the upper structure provided above the seismic isolation layer,
An outrigger frame that extends upward from the base isolation layer in a state that is not supported by the base isolation layer at a position spaced apart from the upper structure in a horizontal direction, and restricts the horizontal movement of the upper structure. Provided,
An excessive deformation suppression device is provided between the upper structure and the outrigger frame, and the excessive deformation suppression device is configured such that the distance from the upper structure to the outrigger frame is out of a certain range and exceeds the certain range. The upper structure and the outrigger frame are constrained so that the distance stays within the certain range regardless of whether the distance is within the certain range. It is configured not to restrain the outrigger frame,
Build the outrigger frame in a state separated from the seismic isolation building ,
The lower structure provided below the base isolation layer in the base isolation building and the outrigger frame are connected by a damper,
The over-deformation suppressing device includes a male arm and a female arm that are movable toward and away from each other within a certain range, and the angle formed between each other is variable, and either the male arm or the female arm A fail-safe mechanism for a base-isolated building, wherein one is fixed to the upper structure and the other is fixed to the outrigger frame .   The seismic isolation building fail-safe mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the outrigger frame is configured to include at least one of a staircase, an elevator shaft, a passage, a warehouse, an equipment machine room, and a toilet.   3. The base-isolated building according to claim 1, wherein the outrigger frame is lower than the upper structure, and the excessive deformation suppressing device is provided between an upper portion of the outrigger frame and a lower portion of the upper structure. Fail-safe mechanism. The failsafe mechanism for a seismic isolation building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the upper structure and the outrigger frame are also connected by a damper.