JP6312395B2 - Fire fighting training equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing training apparatus used for training fire extinguishing work.

  Generally, a fire extinguishing training apparatus includes, as described in Patent Document 1 below, an apparatus main body that contains an incombustible liquid such as water, a gas discharge pipe that discharges combustion gas into the liquid, and an ignition plug. And. When the combustion gas is released from the gas discharge pipe into the liquid, the combustion gas floats in the water and exits upward from the liquid level. This combustion gas is ignited by the spark plug and burns. Fire extinguishing work is performed against this combustion flame. In this way, fire fighting training is performed.

JP 2008-40501 A

  In the conventional fire extinguishing training apparatus, the height of the combustion flame is substantially the same in each part in the horizontal direction. However, the height of the combustion flame generated in an actual fire has a difference in each part in the horizontal direction. For this reason, there was a problem that the fire extinguishing work that can be trained with the conventional fire extinguishing training apparatus is greatly different from the actual fire fighting work.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an apparatus main body having an open top and an accommodating portion for accommodating a nonflammable liquid therein, and a gas discharge pipe for discharging combustion gas into the liquid. And an ignition means for igniting the combustion gas released from the gas discharge pipe into the liquid and floating upward from the liquid level, at least the upper part protrudes upward from the liquid level of the liquid. state is provided on the housing part has a gas burner which releases combustion gases upwards, and a second ignition means for igniting the combustion gas discharged from the gas burner, the combustion gas emitted from the gas burner The gas burner is configured such that the height of the combustion flame from the liquid level is higher than the height from the liquid level of the combustion flame of the combustion gas rising from the liquid level. It is.
In this case, it is desirable that the second ignition means is a combustion flame of the combustion gas that has risen from the liquid surface and is ignited by the ignition means.
The gas discharge pipe and the gas burner may be supplied with combustion gas from the same combustion gas supply source, or may be supplied with combustion gas from different combustion gas supply sources.

  According to the present invention having the above-described feature configuration, the height of the combustion flame of the gas released from the gas burner is higher than the height of the combustion flame of the gas floating from the liquid surface. That is, the height of the combustion flame that rises from the opening of the accommodating portion is different at each portion in the horizontal direction. Therefore, according to the fire fighting training apparatus according to the present invention, the trainer can experience the fire fighting work in a state close to an actual fire or the like.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the embodiment in a state where combustion gas is burned. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part of the same embodiment. FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrow Y in FIG. FIG. 6 is a plan view similar to FIG. 4 showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a plan view similar to FIG. 4 showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention. The fire extinguishing training apparatus A of this embodiment has an apparatus body 1. The apparatus main body 1 is made of a metal plate having excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance, such as stainless steel, and is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped box shape having an open top as shown in FIGS. And the inside of the apparatus main body 1 is the accommodating part 1a. In the accommodating portion 1a, water which is a kind of incombustible liquid is accommodated to a predetermined depth. The apparatus main body 1 may be formed in a square shape or a circular shape in plan view as long as the upper part is opened. Moreover, the liquid accommodated in the accommodating part 1a may be liquid other than water as long as it is nonflammable.

  A pair of casters 2 and 2 are provided at one end portion (left end portion in FIG. 1; hereinafter referred to as a tip portion) of the lower surface of the apparatus main body 1 in the longitudinal direction. The pair of casters 2 and 2 are disposed at both ends of the distal end portion of the apparatus main body 1 in the short direction. The caster 2 has wheels 2a. The wheel 2a is rotatable around a horizontal axis extending in the short direction of the apparatus main body 1.

A pair of support shafts 3 and 3 are provided at the other end portion in the longitudinal direction of the lower surface of the apparatus main body 1 (right end portion in FIG. 1; hereinafter referred to as a base end portion). The support shafts 3 and 3 are arranged at both ends of the apparatus main body 1 in the short direction. The support shaft 3 is arranged with its longitudinal direction facing the vertical direction, and its upper end is fixed to the lower surface of the apparatus main body 1. The lower end surface of the support shaft 3 is positioned on the same plane as the lower end edge of the wheel 2a. Therefore, when the lower end surfaces of the support shafts 3 and 3 are placed on a horizontal floor surface or the like, the apparatus main body 1 is horizontally supported by the casters 2 and 2 and the support shafts 3 and 3. Moreover, the apparatus main body 1 is fixed in position by the frictional resistance acting between the lower end surfaces of the support shafts 3 and 3 and the floor surface. On the other hand, the apparatus main body 1 can be easily moved by the casters 2 and 2 by slightly lifting the base end portion of the apparatus main body 1 and separating the support shafts 3 and 3 from the floor surface or the like.

A window hole 1b penetrating the side wall is formed at the base end of the side wall along the longitudinal direction of the apparatus main body 1. As will be described later, the window hole 1b allows outside air to flow into the housing 1a when the combustion gas burns. In addition to the air intake function, the window hole 1b has a function of keeping the water level stored in the storage portion 1a constant. That is, when the water surface of the water accommodated in the accommodating portion 1a is located above the lower end edge of the window hole 1b, the amount of water located above flows out from the window hole 1b. Thereby, the water level of the water accommodated in the accommodating part 1a is maintained below or equal to the lower end edge of the window hole 1b. The window hole 1b is formed in a rectangular shape, but may be formed in a square or a circle. Moreover, you may provide in the side wall extended in the front-end | tip part of a side wall along a longitudinal direction, or a transversal direction in addition to or instead of the window hole 1b.

A gas discharge pipe 4 is provided inside the housing portion 1a. As shown in FIG. 4, the gas discharge tube 4 is provided with its longitudinal direction directed to the longitudinal direction of the apparatus main body 1, and is disposed at the center of the apparatus main body 1 in the short direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the distal end portion (left end portion in FIG. 1) of the gas discharge tube 4 is supported on the bottom wall of the apparatus main body 1 via a bracket 5. The other end of the gas discharge pipe 4 is supported on a side wall on the base end side of the apparatus main body 1 via a pipe 6 described later.

As shown in FIG. 1, the gas discharge pipe 4 is disposed below the lower end edge (water surface) of the window hole 1b so as to be immersed in the water accommodated in the accommodating portion 1a. A discharge hole (not shown) penetrating the peripheral wall portion is provided in the peripheral wall portion of the gas discharge pipe 4. Therefore, when the combustion gas is supplied to the gas discharge pipe 4, the combustion gas is discharged into the water from the discharge hole. The combustion gas released into the water floats up in the water and exits upward from the water surface. Combustion gas emitted from the water surface is ignited by a later-described type fire and continues to burn. At this time, air outside the apparatus main body 1 is introduced into the accommodating portion 1a through the window hole 1b. In addition, as the combustion gas discharged into the water from the gas discharge pipe 4, the same gas as the combustion gas used in the conventional fire extinguishing training apparatus, for example, LP gas is used.

As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the some gas burner 7 is provided in the inside of the accommodating part 1a. As shown in FIG. 4, the gas burners 7 are arranged on both sides of the gas discharge pipe 4 and spaced apart from each other on a straight line parallel to the gas discharge pipe 4. The gas burners 7 arranged on one side with respect to the gas discharge pipe 4 and the gas burners 7 arranged on the other side are alternately positioned in the longitudinal direction of the gas discharge pipe 4 (longitudinal direction of the apparatus main body 1). Are arranged as follows. The gas burners 7 do not necessarily have to be arranged as described above. For example, the gas burners 7 may be arranged apart from each other in the circumferential direction on one circumference.

The gas burner 7 has a burner body 7a. The burner body 7a has a cylindrical shape and is arranged with its axis line directed in the vertical direction. The lower end portion of the burner body 7a is closed by the bottom portion, and the upper end portion is opened. The lower end portion of the burner body 7a is disposed above the water surface. That is, the entire burner body 7a is disposed above the water surface. The burner body 7a does not necessarily have to be positioned entirely above the water surface, and the lower end portion may be positioned below the water surface. On the other hand, the upper end surface of the burner body 7 a is positioned slightly below the upper end surface of the apparatus main body 1. The upper end surface of the burner body 7 a may be positioned on the same plane as the upper end surface of the apparatus body 1, or may be positioned slightly above the upper end surface of the apparatus body 1.

The lower end portion of the burner body 7 a is supported on the bottom wall of the apparatus body 1 via a support tube 8. Support tube 8 is not only for fixing the burner body 7a to the apparatus main body 1, and functions as a gas pipe for supplying the gas to the gas burner 7. As shown in FIG. 4, the nozzle hole 7b is formed in the center of the lower end part of the burner main body 7a. The nozzle hole 7 b communicates with the support tube 8. Therefore, when gas is supplied to the support tube 8, the gas is discharged upward from the nozzle hole 7b into the burner body 7a, and further discharged upward from the upper end opening of the burner body 7a. The gas released upward from the burner body 7a is ignited by the combustion flame of the combustion gas that has floated from the water surface.

When the gas released from the burner body 7a burns, the height of the combustion flame from the water surface becomes higher than the height of the flame when the gas released from the gas discharge pipe 4 into the water and floated from the water surface burns. . Therefore, the gas burner 7 of this embodiment is configured to satisfy the following two conditions. These two conditions do not need to be satisfied at the same time, and may satisfy only one of them. Moreover, the conditions for making the height of the combustion flame by the gas burner 7 higher than the height of the combustion flame by the gas floating from the water surface are not limited to such two conditions.

The first condition is that when the gas flow rate per unit area of the gas released from the upper end opening of the burner body 7a is the same as the gas flow rate per unit area of the gas floating from the water surface, the burner body The upper end of 7a is arranged above the water surface. In this way, the combustion flame of the gas released from the burner body 7a is higher than the combustion flame of the gas that has floated on the water surface by the amount that the upper end of the burner body 7a is located above the water surface. As long as the height of the combustion flame of the gas burner 7 is higher than the combustion flame of the gas floating on the water surface, the amount of gas per unit area released from the burner body 7a is the flow rate of gas per unit area of the gas floating from the water surface. It may be slightly less.

The second condition is to increase the gas flow rate per unit area of the gas released from the upper end of the burner body 7a, and to increase the gas flow rate per unit area of the gas floating from the water surface. There are the following two methods for satisfying this condition. One way is to change the concentration of the gas. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the nozzle hole 7b is set larger than the inner diameter of the discharge hole formed in the gas discharge pipe 4, and the concentration of the gas discharged from the upper end opening of the burner body 7a is on the water surface. It is comprised so that it may become deeper than the density | concentration of the gas which floated. Another method is to make the flow rate of the gas released from the burner body 7a faster than the upward flow rate of the gas floating from the water surface.

  A plurality of air intake ports 7c penetrating the peripheral wall portion of the burner body 7a are formed at the lower end of the burner body 7a. The air intake 7c is disposed below the upper end of the nozzle hole 7b. When the gas is released from the nozzle hole 7b, the air in the accommodating portion 1a is sucked into the burner body 7a from the air intake port 7c. As a result, the gas released from the burner body 7a burns in a good state. The air intake 7c may be disposed at a position equivalent to the upper end of the nozzle hole 7b, or may be disposed slightly above the nozzle hole 7b.

  Gas is supplied to the gas discharge pipe 4 and the gas burner 7 as follows. That is, the header 9 is provided at the base end portion of the lower surface of the apparatus main body 1. The header 9 is connected to a control unit CU via a pipe 10, and the control unit CU is connected to a gas supply device G. The control unit CU is controlled by the controller C. That is, when a combustion button (not shown) of the controller C is operated, the control unit CU is opened, and the combustion gas of the gas supply device G is supplied to the header 9 via the control unit CU and the pipe 10.

One end of a support pipe portion 6 a of the pipe 6 is connected to the header 9. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the intermediate portion of the support tube portion 6 a is supported in a penetrating state on the side wall on the proximal end side of the apparatus main body 1. An intermediate part of the three-way branch pipe 6b is connected to the inside of the apparatus main body 1 of the support pipe part 6a, that is, the tip part that enters the inside of the housing part 1a. A gas passage (not shown) extending in the vertical direction is provided inside the three-way branch pipe 6b. A support pipe portion 6a is connected to an intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the gas passage. The upper end portion of the gas passage communicates with an ignition port (not shown) formed at the upper end portion of the three-way branch pipe 6b. The ignition port is disposed above the water surface. The base end of the gas discharge pipe 4 is connected to the lower end of the gas passage of the three-way branch pipe 6b through an elbow 6c. Therefore, when the combustion gas is supplied to the header 9, a part of the combustion gas is released upward from the ignition port and a part of the combustion gas is released from the gas release pipe 4 into the water.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, the header 9 is connected to each end of the same number of communication pipes 11 as the gas burners 7. Each other end of the communication tube 11 is connected to each lower end of the support tube 8. Therefore, when the combustion gas is supplied to the header 9, a part of the combustion gas is supplied to each gas burner 7 through the communication pipe 11 and the support pipe 8.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, protective wall portions 1 c and 1 c extending along the longitudinal direction of the apparatus main body 1 are respectively provided at both ends in the short direction of the lower surface of the apparatus main body 1. . As shown in FIG. 5, the protective wall portions 1 c and 1 c are arranged such that the header 9 and the communication pipe 11 are located between them. Thereby, the header 9 and the communication pipe 11 are protected. It is desirable to provide protective wall portions between the distal end portions and the proximal end portions of the protective wall portions 1c and 1c, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an ignition unit 12 is provided at the base end of the apparatus main body 1. The ignition unit 12 has a cover 12a. The cover 12a is provided at the base end portion of the apparatus main body 1, and one end portion (left end portion in FIG. 1) is arranged so as to cover the base end portion of the apparatus main body 1 from above. One end portion of the cover 12a is opened downward, and communicates with the base end portion of the housing portion 1a through the open portion. Therefore, when gas is released from the gas release pipe 4 into the water, a part of the gas enters into one end of the cover 12a. Moreover, the one end part of the cover 12a is facing the ignition port up and down.

  A spark plug 12b is provided in one end of the cover 12a. The spark plug 12b is connected to the control unit CU via an igniter 12d. When an operation such as pressing the combustion button of the controller C is performed, an ignition current is intermittently supplied from the control unit CU to the spark plug 12b for a certain time (for example, 10 seconds). Then, a spark discharge occurs between the pair of electrodes 12c and 12c (see FIG. 3) of the spark plug 12b.

  As is apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, the electrodes 12c and 12c of the spark plug 12b are disposed almost directly above the ignition port. Accordingly, when the combustion button of the controller C is operated, a part of the combustion gas is released upward from the ignition port, and at the same time, when a current is supplied to the ignition plug 12b, the combustion gas released upward from the ignition port becomes the electrode. It is ignited by a spark discharge between 12c and 12c and continues to burn as a seed. As is apparent from this, in this embodiment, the ignition means is constituted by the ignition unit 12 and the ignition port of the three-way branch pipe 6b.

  A part of the combustion gas supplied to the header 9 is supplied to the gas discharge pipe 4 via the pipe 6. The combustion gas supplied to the gas release pipe 4 is released from the gas release pipe 4 into the water, floats in the water, and exits upward from the water surface. Combustion gas that has floated upward from the water surface is ignited by the seed fire and burns.

  The remaining part of the combustion gas supplied to the header 9 is supplied to the gas burner 7 via the communication pipe 11. The combustion gas supplied to the gas burner 7 is discharged upward from the burner body 7a. This combustion gas is ignited by the combustion flame of the combustion gas that has floated from the water surface. As is clear from this, in this embodiment, the combustion flame of the combustion gas that has floated from the water surface is used as the second ignition means for igniting the combustion gas released from the gas burner 7.

  The controller C is provided with an adjustment switch, and by adjusting the adjustment switch, the amount of combustion gas supplied to the header 9 can be increased or decreased, thereby adjusting the amount and height of the combustion flame. Can be done. The combustion gas combustion is controlled variously by the controller C, but the control content and method are not important in the present invention, and may be the same as known ones, so the description thereof is omitted. .

  In the fire extinguishing training apparatus A having the above configuration, when the combustion button of the controller C is operated, the combustion gas is supplied to the header 9. A part of the combustion gas supplied to the header 9 is discharged upward from the ignition port. At the same time, a spark discharge is generated between the electrodes 12c and 12c of the spark plug 12b. By this spark discharge, the combustion gas discharged from the ignition port is ignited and continues to burn as a seed fire.

A part of the combustion gas supplied to the header 9 is discharged into the water from the gas discharge pipe 4. This combustion gas rises in the water and exits upward from the water surface. Then, it is ignited by the seed fire and continues to burn as a combustion flame. The height of this combustion flame is substantially constant at each part in the horizontal direction.

  The remaining combustion gas supplied to the header 9 is supplied to the gas burner 7 through the communication pipe 11. The combustion gas supplied to the gas burner 7 is discharged upward from the upper end opening of the burner body 7a. Then, it is ignited and burned by the combustion flame of the combustion gas rising from the water surface. The height of the combustion flame rising from the gas burner 7 from the water surface is higher than the height of the combustion flame rising from the water surface. Therefore, in the whole accommodating part 1a, the height of the combustion flame rising from the accommodating part 1a becomes a different height in each part of a horizontal direction. Therefore, those who experience digestion can perform digestion work in a state close to an actual fire, and can have a more meaningful fire extinguishing experience.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following embodiment, only the configuration different from the above embodiment will be described, and the same parts as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the gas discharge pipe 4 is provided with a plurality of branch pipes 4a. All the branch pipes 4a extend from the gas discharge pipe 4 in a direction orthogonal thereto. A part of all the branch pipes 4a extends from the gas discharge pipe 4 toward one side (upper side in FIG. 6). The one branch pipe 4 a is arranged so as to be alternately positioned in the longitudinal direction of the gas discharge pipe 4 with respect to the gas burner 7 arranged on the same side. The remaining branch pipe 4a extends from the gas discharge pipe 4 toward the other side (lower side in FIG. 6). The remaining branch pipes 4 a are arranged so as to be alternately positioned in the longitudinal direction of the gas discharge pipe 4 with respect to the gas burner 7 arranged on the same side as the branch pipe 4 a.

  FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a gas discharge pipe 4A is used instead of the gas discharge pipe 4. The gas discharge pipe 4A extends in an annular shape along the inner surface of the side wall portion of the apparatus main body 1, and is arranged so that all the gas burners 7 enter the interior defined by the gas discharge pipe 4A. In this embodiment, the gas discharge pipe 4 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 or the gas discharge pipe 4 and the branch pipe 4a shown in FIG. 6 may be combined.

In addition, this invention is not limited to said embodiment, A various modification is employable in the range which does not deviate from the summary.
For example, in the above embodiment, the combustion gas is supplied to the ignition port, the gas discharge pipe 4 and the gas burner 7 by one fuel supply source including the gas supply device G and the control unit CU. Alternatively, three pipes may be provided in place of the pipe 10, and each pipe may be connected to the ignition port, the gas discharge pipe 4, and the gas burner 7, respectively. By doing so, the amount of gas supplied to the ignition port, the gas discharge pipe 4 and the gas burner 7 can be individually adjusted. Alternatively, the control unit CU may be provided with two pipes instead of the pipe 10, one pipe connected to the ignition port and the gas discharge pipe 4, and the other pipe connected to the gas burner 7. In the case of such a configuration, a portion of the gas supply device G and the control unit CU that supplies the combustion gas to the pipe connected to the gas discharge pipe 4 serves as a combustion gas supply source to the gas discharge pipe 4. Thus, the portion that supplies the combustion gas to the pipe connected to the gas burner 7 becomes the combustion gas supply source to the gas burner 7.
In the above embodiment, the combustion flame of the combustion gas that has floated on the water surface is used as an ignition means (second ignition means) for igniting the combustion gas released from the gas burner 7. An ignition means such as a spark plug 12b may be provided in the gas burner 7 or the apparatus main body 1 in the vicinity thereof as an ignition means for igniting the combustion gas released from the gas. Combustion gas discharged into the water from the gas discharge pipe 4 as a form of combustion of the combustion gas by combining such a structure with a structure in which a gas supply source to the gas discharge pipe 4 and the gas burner 7 is individually provided. Three combustion modes are created: a mode in which only the combustion gas released from the gas burner 7 is burned, and a mode in which the combustion gas released from both the gas discharge pipe 4 and the gas burner 7 is burned simultaneously. be able to.

A Fire extinguishing training unit CU control unit (combustion gas supply source)
G Gas supply device (combustion gas supply source)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Apparatus main body 1a Accommodating part 4 Gas discharge pipe 4A Gas discharge pipe 7 Gas burner 12b Spark plug (ignition means)

Claims (5)

An apparatus main body having a bottom wall, the upper part being opened, and an accommodating part for accommodating an incombustible liquid therein;
A gas discharge pipe that is immersed in the liquid of the housing portion and discharges combustion gas into the liquid;
In a fire extinguishing training apparatus comprising ignition means for igniting a combustion gas released from the gas discharge pipe into the liquid and floated upward from the liquid level,
A communication pipe provided on the lower side of the bottom wall of the apparatus body for supplying combustion gas;
A support pipe that extends upward from the bottom wall of the apparatus body, has a lower end connected to the end of the communication pipe via the bottom wall, and supplies combustion gas;
It has a cylindrical burner body with an upper end opened and a lower end closed with a bottom. The lower end of the burner body is connected to the upper end of the support tube, and at least the upper part of the burner body in a state where the liquid surface is protruded upward, and a gas burner which releases combustion gases upward,
A second ignition means for igniting the combustion gas released from the gas burner,
The gas burner is configured such that the height from the liquid level of the combustion flame of the combustion gas released from the gas burner is higher than the height from the liquid level of the combustion flame of the combustion gas that has floated from the liquid level. Fire extinguishing training device, characterized by 2. The fire extinguishing training apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of air intake ports arranged above the liquid level are formed at a lower end portion of the burner body. The fire extinguishing training apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the second ignition means is a combustion flame of the combustion gas that has floated from the liquid surface and ignited by the ignition means. The fire extinguishing training apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein combustion gas is supplied from the same combustion gas supply source to the gas discharge pipe and the gas burner. The fire extinguishing training apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein combustion gas is supplied from different combustion gas supply sources to the gas discharge pipe and the gas burner.

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