JP6307033B2 - Hybrid construction machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hybrid construction machine, and more particularly to a temperature adjustment method and apparatus for warming up a power storage device of a hybrid construction machine.

  In recent years, in construction machines including a hydraulic excavator, a hybrid construction machine has been developed that reduces the fuel consumption by reducing the size of the engine and compensates for insufficient output by a combination of a motor and a power storage device connected to the engine. A power storage device of a hybrid construction machine frequently charges and discharges. Such a power storage device includes a battery system in which a plurality of capacitors, lithium ion batteries, and the like are connected. The power storage device has an appropriate temperature range for use while ensuring output, life and safety.

  An excavator described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-52866 (Patent Document 1) is known as a background art related to warm-up of a power storage device. In Patent Document 1, the temperature of the battery is preset in order to provide a warming-up method for a hybrid construction machine that can efficiently and quickly warm the battery without using a separate heating device. An excavator is described in which the engine is operated when the temperature is lower than the temperature to perform warm-up operation, and at the same time, the assist motor is operated to charge and discharge the battery, thereby increasing the temperature of the battery using the internal heat generation of the battery. (See summary).

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2014-15882 (Patent Document 2) describes a problem that the efficiency of energy use decreases when forced charging / discharging is performed to warm the power storage device. A power storage device including a heater core arranged, a first circulation system for supplying a heating medium to the heater core, a plurality of power storage cells connected in series, and a housing for storing the power storage cells. A hybrid excavator is described in which a heating channel is formed in the body that branches from the first circulation system and allows a heating medium to flow (see summary).

  Furthermore, Patent Document 2 includes an upper housing, a lower housing, and a power storage module configured by stacking a plurality of power storage cells and a heat transfer plate, and is configured by an upper housing and a lower housing. A power storage device configured by fixing a plurality of power storage modules in a housing is described. In this power storage device, an intermediate plate is disposed in close contact with the outer surface of the bottom surface of the lower housing, and a heating channel through which a heating medium flows is formed in the intermediate plate. Then, the storage cell can be warmed by flowing a heating medium through the heating channel (see paragraphs 0041-0045).

JP 2013-52866 A JP 2014-15882 A

  In the warm-up method of Patent Document 1, self-heating due to charging / discharging of the power storage device is used. In this case, when the current flowing through the power storage device is increased, the load on the power storage device is increased, and the power storage device is easily deteriorated. On the other hand, when the current flowing through the power storage device is reduced, the time until the power storage device reaches a predetermined temperature is increased.

  In the warming-up method of Patent Literature 2, the power storage device is warmed up by flowing a heating medium on the lower surface side of the power storage device. For this reason, it is difficult for the upper surface side to warm up with respect to the lower surface side of the power storage device, and a time difference as shown in FIG. A temperature difference in the storage cell causes a difference in resistance value in the storage cell. In this case, the resistance value becomes small at a portion where the temperature is high. If the use is continued in a state where there is a difference in the resistance value in the storage cell, the current concentrates on the portion where the temperature is high and the resistance value is small. In this way, the current that should flow through the entire storage cell is concentrated in part, so that the deterioration of the storage cell easily proceeds.

  In the warming-up method of Patent Document 2, it is possible to provide a heating channel through which a heating medium flows on the upper surface side of the power storage device, and to heat the power storage device from both the upper surface side and the lower surface side. However, such a configuration increases the size of the power storage device, making it difficult to place the power storage device in a limited space.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid construction machine having a warm-up function that can reduce the size of a power storage device and that does not easily deteriorate.

In order to achieve the above object, a hybrid construction machine according to the present invention transfers electric power between an engine, an electric motor for assisting and generating electric power of the engine, and an electric storage cell that has a storage cell. a power storage device, a pre-Symbol power storage device a plurality of warm-up function for warming up, the hybrid construction machine and a control device for controlling said plurality of warm-up function, the plurality of warm-up function, pressurized A first warm-up function realized by a flow path through which a warm medium flows, and a second warm-up function realized by a function of self-heating of the power storage cell by charging and discharging the power storage device, The control device performs a warm-up operation of the power storage device using the first warm-up function and the second warm-up function before the temperature of the power storage device reaches a target temperature for warm-up, When the temperature of the power storage device reaches the target temperature for warm-up After, when lower than the target temperature, in a state of stopping the second warm-up function, performing warm-up operation by the first warm-up functions.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the unnecessary enlargement of an electrical storage apparatus can be prevented, the temperature variation in an electrical storage cell can be made small, and an electrical storage apparatus can be warmed up. As a result, the power storage device can be reduced in size, and a hybrid construction machine having a warm-up function in which the power storage device is unlikely to deteriorate can be provided.

1 is a side view of a hybrid excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a principal part block diagram which shows the structure of the principal part of the hybrid type hydraulic shovel which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an arrangement of a water-cooled engine, an assist motor, a radiator, and a power storage device that are mounted inside an upper swing body of the hybrid hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 2. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the electrical storage module which comprises the electrical storage apparatus with which the hybrid type hydraulic shovel which concerns on one Example of this invention is provided. It is side surface perspective drawing of the electrical storage apparatus with which the hybrid type hydraulic shovel which concerns on one Example of this invention is provided. 1 is a configuration diagram of a temperature adjustment system for a hybrid hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. It is a figure which shows the temperature change of an electrical storage cell at the time of attaching a temperature control panel to the lower surface side of an electrical storage apparatus. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the first warm-up function or the second warm-up function is realized by a heater provided in the power storage module 24. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating another example in which the first warm-up function or the second warm-up function is realized by a heater provided in the power storage module 24. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the warming-up system using warm air. It is a figure which shows the structure which improves the warming-up efficiency of the electrical storage module.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below.

  An embodiment of a hybrid construction machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  A hybrid hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a side view of a hybrid hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a main part configuration diagram showing a main part configuration of the hybrid hydraulic excavator according to the embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a hydraulic excavator will be described as a hybrid construction machine. However, a crane, a wheel loader, or other hydraulic construction machines may be used.

  Hereinafter, the hybrid hydraulic excavator will be referred to as a hydraulic excavator for convenience. The excavator includes a traveling body 100, an upper swing body 110, and a front work machine 70. The traveling body 100 includes a pair of crawler belts 100a disposed on the left and right sides of the vehicle body, and an actuator 78 that drives the crawler belts 100a. The upper turning body 110 is provided on the traveling body 100 via a turning frame 111 and is turnable by an actuator 77. The front work machine 70 is attached to the front of the upper swing body 110 and rotates up and down to perform work such as excavation.

  The front work machine 70 includes a boom 71, an arm 72, a bucket 73, a boom cylinder 74, an arm cylinder 75, and a bucket cylinder 76. The boom 71 is pivotally attached to the revolving frame 111 at the base end, and rotates in the vertical direction. The arm 72 is rotatably attached to the tip of the boom 71. The bucket 73 is rotatably attached to the tip of the arm 72. The boom cylinder 74 is an actuator that connects the upper swing body 110 and the boom 71 and rotates the boom 71 by expanding and contracting. The arm cylinder 75 is an actuator that connects the boom 71 and the arm 72 and rotates the arm 72 by expanding and contracting. The bucket cylinder 76 is an actuator that connects the arm 72 and the bucket 73 and rotates the bucket 73 by expanding and contracting. Hereinafter, the boom cylinder 74, the arm cylinder 75, and the bucket cylinder 76 may be simply referred to as actuators.

  The upper swing body 110 includes a cab (cabin) 30, an engine (water-cooled engine) 4, a governor 7, a rotation speed sensor 4 a, an engine torque sensor 4 b, and an assist power generation motor 5. The cab 30 is provided in the front part on the turning frame 111. The engine 4 is provided as a prime mover in a prime mover chamber 112 on the rear portion of the revolving frame 111. In this embodiment, the engine 4 is a water-cooled engine. The governor 7 adjusts the fuel injection amount of the engine 4. The rotation speed sensor 4 a detects the actual rotation speed of the engine 4. The engine torque sensor 4 b detects the torque of the engine 4. The assist power generation motor 5 assists the power of the engine 4 and generates power. The assist generator motor 5 is disposed on the drive shaft of the engine 4 and transmits torque to and from the engine 4. The assist generator motor 5 is used as an electric motor or a generator by switching operation. For this reason, the assist generator motor 5 may be simply referred to as an electric motor or a generator.

  Further, the upper swing body 110 includes an inverter device 9, a power storage device 1, and a valve device 15. The inverter device 9 controls the rotation speed of the assist generator motor 5. The power storage device 1 exchanges power with the assist power generation motor 5 through the inverter device 9. The valve device 15 controls the flow rate and direction of the pressure oil supplied to hydraulic actuators such as the boom cylinder 74, the arm cylinder 75, and the bucket cylinder 76.

  In the construction machine (hydraulic excavator) of this embodiment, the engine 4 is downsized to reduce fuel consumption. The output that is insufficient due to the downsizing of the engine 4 is compensated by the combination of the assist power generation motor 5 and the power storage device 1. A construction machine having such a configuration is called a hybrid construction machine.

  A hydraulic system for driving the hydraulic actuators 74, 75, and 76 is disposed in the prime mover chamber 112 of the upper swing body 110. This hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pump 6, a pilot hydraulic pump 6 a, and an operating device 17. The hydraulic pump 6 is a hydraulic pressure source that generates hydraulic pressure. The pilot hydraulic pump 6a generates pilot pressure oil. The operating device 17 is connected to the operating portion of the valve device 15 via a pilot line P, and causes each of the hydraulic actuators 74, 75, and 76 to perform a desired operation. The operating device 17 is provided in the cab 30 and has an operating lever 17a that is gripped and operated by an operator.

  Further, a pump capacity adjusting device 20 and a control device 13 are arranged on the upper swing body 110. The pump capacity adjusting device 20 adjusts the capacity of the hydraulic pump 6. The control device 13 is a control device that adjusts the governor 7 to control the rotational speed of the engine 4 and controls the inverter device 9 to control the torque of the assist generator motor 2. The hydraulic pump 6, the hydraulic actuators 74, 75, 76, the valve device 15, and the piping that connects each device constitute a hydraulic circuit through which hydraulic oil flows. The actual rotational speed of the engine 4 detected by the rotational speed sensor 4a, the torque of the engine 4 detected by the engine torque sensor 4b, the operation amount of the operation lever 17, and the like are input to the control device 13.

  The hydraulic pump 6 is connected to the engine 4 via the assist power generation motor 5. In the present embodiment, the engine 4, the hydraulic pump 6, and the assist power generation motor 5 are connected in a coaxial state. As a result, the hydraulic pump 6 and the pilot hydraulic pump 6 a are operated by the driving force of the engine 4 and the assist generator motor 5. The pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 6 is supplied to the valve device 15, and the pilot pressure oil discharged from the pilot hydraulic pump 6 a is supplied to the operation device 17.

  When an operator in the cab 30 operates the operation lever 17a, the operation device 17 supplies pilot pressure oil corresponding to the operation amount of the operation lever 17a to the operation unit of the valve device 15 via the pilot pipe line P. . The position of the spool in the valve device 15 is switched by the pilot pressure oil, and the pressure oil that has flowed through the valve device 15 from the hydraulic pump 6 is supplied to the hydraulic actuators 74, 75, and 76. As a result, the hydraulic actuators 74, 75, 76 are driven by the pressure oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 6 via the valve device 15.

  The hydraulic pump 6 has, for example, a swash plate (not shown) as a variable displacement mechanism, and controls the discharge flow rate of the pressure oil by adjusting the inclination angle of the swash plate. Hereinafter, although the hydraulic pump 6 will be described as a swash plate pump, the hydraulic pump 6 may be a slant shaft pump or the like as long as it has a function of controlling the discharge flow rate of pressure oil. Although not shown, the hydraulic pump 6 includes a discharge pressure sensor for detecting the discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump 5, a discharge flow rate sensor for detecting the discharge flow rate of the hydraulic pump 6, and an inclination angle sensor for measuring the inclination angle of the swash plate. Is provided. The control device 13 calculates the load of the hydraulic pump 6 by inputting the discharge pressure, the discharge flow rate, and the inclination angle of the swash plate obtained from these sensors.

  The pump capacity adjusting device 20 adjusts the capacity (displacement volume) of the hydraulic pump 6 based on the operation signal output from the control device 13. Specifically, the pump capacity adjusting device 20 includes a regulator 20a that supports the swash plate so as to be tiltable, and an electromagnetic proportional valve 20b that applies a control pressure to the regulator 20a in accordance with a command value of the control device 13. When the regulator 20a receives the control pressure from the electromagnetic proportional valve 20b, the capacity (displacement volume) of the hydraulic pump 6 is adjusted by changing the inclination angle of the swash plate by this control pressure, and the absorption torque ( Input torque) can be controlled.

  Since the engine 4, the assist power generation motor 5, the inverter device 9, and the power storage device 1 generate heat when they are continuously used, a cooling device is provided in the revolving body 110 in order to suppress the temperature rise of these devices.

  Next, arrangement | positioning of the electrical storage apparatus 1 in the upper turning body 110 is demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an arrangement of a water-cooled engine, an assist motor, a radiator, and a power storage device mounted in the upper swing body of the hybrid hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows the hybrid excavator shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the rear, and is a view seen through the inside of the upper swing body 110.

  The power storage device 1 of the hybrid construction machine frequently charges and discharges. Such a power storage device 1 is configured by a battery system in which a plurality of capacitors, lithium ion batteries, and the like are connected. In addition, the power storage device 1 configured by these battery systems has an appropriate temperature range for ensuring output, life, and safety. As the power storage device 1 of the hybrid construction machine, a lithium ion battery having a large capacity and high output characteristics is excellent, but the capacity and output change depending on the temperature. A typical temperature range recommended for lithium ion batteries is -20 to 60 ° C. In the present embodiment, an example in which the power storage device 1 is configured with a lithium ion battery will be described. The power storage device 1 may be configured by a secondary battery such as a lead battery or a nickel metal hydride battery, or a capacitor, without being limited to a lithium ion battery.

  Lithium-ion batteries degrade even during storage, and the degradation during storage progresses faster in a higher temperature environment. For this reason, the power storage device 1 is mounted between the radiators 8, 10 and the vehicle body frame 120, which is not easily affected by hydraulic parts that become hot. That is, by disposing the radiators 8 and 10 between the power storage device 1 and the high temperature device, heat transfer from the high temperature device to the power storage device 1 is blocked or suppressed. For this reason, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the space in which the power storage device 1 is disposed has an elongated shape, and the power storage device 1 is also required to have an outer diameter shape that matches the elongated space. On the other hand, when the height of the power storage device 1 is increased, cooling of the radiators 8 and 10 is hindered. For this reason, the power storage device 1 is required to be downsized.

  Next, the structure of the electrical storage apparatus 1 is demonstrated using FIG.4 and FIG.5. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a power storage module constituting the power storage device provided in the hybrid hydraulic excavator according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a side perspective view of a power storage device provided in a hybrid hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The rated voltage of the battery cell 2 alone in a lithium ion battery is generally 3.6V. In order to configure the power storage device 1 of the hybrid construction machine using this power storage cell 2, it is necessary to connect a large number of power storage cells 2 in series. For example, in order to configure the power storage device 1 with a rated voltage of 345 V, it is necessary to connect 96 power storage cells 2 in series. For this purpose, in FIG. 5, a power storage module 24 is configured by stacking a plurality of rectangular power storage cells 2. The power storage module 24 is configured to be integrated in a size that allows the power storage cell 2 to be easily carried. Further, a plurality of power storage modules 24 are connected to constitute a power storage system. For example, in order to connect 96 power storage cells 2 in series, eight modules 24 integrated in every 12 cells are connected in series. Alternatively, 16 modules 24 integrated in every 6 cells are connected in series. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the power storage module 24 is configured with six power storage cells 2.

The power storage system is built in the case to constitute the power storage device 1. The case includes an upper case 1A and a lower case 1B. An electric circuit unit 26 is provided on the upper case 1A. The electrical circuit unit 26 is provided with a connector 25 that extracts the voltage of the power storage device 1 to the outside. The connector 25 is also used when charging the power storage device 1. The electric circuit unit 26 is equipped with a base for monitoring the voltage. The lower case 1B is formed to a depth that can accommodate the power storage module 24. The bottom of the lower case 1B constitutes a temperature adjustment plate 3.

  In the present embodiment, there is an electrode 2a on the top of the storage cell 2, and the electrodes 2a are connected in series. For this reason, even if the temperature adjustment plate 3 is arranged above the power storage module 24, it is difficult to thermally connect the power storage module 24 and the temperature adjustment plate 3. Therefore, the temperature adjustment plate 3 is disposed below the power storage module 24. A heat conducting member 3 a such as a heat conducting sheet is disposed between the power storage module 24 and the temperature adjustment plate 3. Thereby, the heat conductivity between the electrical storage module 24 and the temperature adjustment plate 3 is improved. In the present embodiment, the temperature adjustment plate 3 is configured integrally with the case of the power storage device 1 (lower case 1B), but the temperature adjustment plate 3 may be provided separately from the case of the power storage device 1.

  A cooling medium (refrigerant) for cooling the power storage device 1 or a heating medium (heat medium) for warming up the power storage device 1 is selectively passed through the temperature adjustment plate 3. That is, the temperature adjustment plate 3 functions as a cooling device that cools the power storage device 1 and also functions as a warm-up device that warms up the power storage device 1.

  Here, the relationship between the electrical storage device 1 and the operating temperature will be described. As described above, the battery used for the power storage device 1 has an appropriate use temperature range. The internal resistance of the power storage device 1 increases at low temperatures. When the internal resistance increases, the voltage drop increases during discharge, and the discharge voltage decreases. For this reason, sufficient electric power cannot be taken out at low temperatures. In addition, the voltage falls below the lower limit voltage of the driving device, and the device cannot be driven. On the other hand, at the time of charging, if an electric current similar to that at room temperature is supplied at a low temperature, the voltage increases due to an increase in internal resistance. The battery of the power storage device 1 has an allowable voltage for preventing accidents during overcharging, and easily exceeds the allowable voltage at low temperatures. For this reason, it is not possible to charge the same power as that at room temperature.

  In particular, construction machinery is expected to work in cold regions of -30 ° C. In the hybrid construction machine, since the characteristics of the power storage device 1 are deteriorated in a low temperature environment, the power storage device 1 needs to be warmed up like the engine 4. The function of warming up the power storage device 1 is roughly divided into two stages. The first warm-up stage is a warm-up stage that warms up to the target temperature, and the second warm-up stage is a warm-up stage that maintains the target temperature. The target temperature varies depending on the output characteristics of the battery power storage cell 2 or the power storage device 1 and the output required for the hybrid construction machine.

  As a warm-up method for realizing the warm-up function, there are warm-up by an external heater, warm-up to heat the power storage device 1 by operating the assist power generation motor 5 to charge / discharge the power storage device 1 and the like. However, if the assist power generation motor 5 is actively operated to warm up the power storage device 1, the fuel consumption increases. In particular, if the assist generator motor 5 is always operated in the warm-up stage where the target temperature is maintained, useless fuel consumption increases.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the warm-up operation of the power storage device 1 with reduced wasteful fuel consumption is realized by using a plurality of warm-up functions while being switched by the control device 13. Such a warm-up operation simultaneously prevents an unnecessary increase in size of the power storage device 1 and realizes a warm-up operation of the power storage device 1 with reduced temperature variations in the power storage cell 2. Thereby, the electrical storage apparatus 1 can be reduced in size, and the hybrid construction machine provided with the warm-up function in which the electrical storage apparatus 1 cannot deteriorate easily can be provided.

  A temperature adjustment system for realizing the warm-up function of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a temperature adjustment system of a hybrid hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  In the hybrid hydraulic excavator of the present embodiment, as a plurality of warm-up functions for warming up the power storage device 1, the first warm-up that uses the cooling medium warmed by the engine cooling system as the heating medium for warming up the power storage device 1. And a second warm-up function that uses self-heating due to charging / discharging of power storage device 1.

  For the first warm-up function, a bypass flow path 41 is connected to an engine cooling system 40 having a water-cooled engine 4 and an engine radiator 8 via a bypass valve 12. The bypass passage 41 is connected to a heating medium passage 3 </ b> A formed in the temperature adjustment plate 3. The temperature adjustment plate 3 is thermally connected to a power storage module 24 in which the power storage cells 2 are integrated via a heat conductive sheet 3a. An upper battery temperature monitoring sensor 22 is provided at the upper part of the storage cell 2 (on the electrode 2a side). A lower battery temperature monitoring sensor 23 is provided between the storage cell 2 and the temperature adjustment plate 3. The temperatures detected by the upper battery temperature monitoring sensor 22 and the lower battery temperature monitoring sensor 23 are input to the control device 13. The control device 13 controls the opening and closing of the bypass valve 12 based on the temperatures detected by the upper battery temperature monitoring sensor 22 and the lower battery temperature monitoring sensor 23.

  The engine cooling system 40 is provided with a circulation pump 42 for circulating the cooling medium. When the bypass valve 12 is closed, the cooling medium circulates through the engine cooling system pipe 43. The cooling medium warmed by the engine 4 is cooled by the engine radiator 8. In a state where the bypass valve 12 is open, the coolant heated by the engine 4 flows from the engine cooling system pipe 43 to the temperature adjustment plate 3 via the bypass valve 12 and the bypass flow path 41, and then to the engine cooling system pipe 43. Join. The engine 4, the circulation pump 42, the piping 43, the bypass valve 12, the bypass passage 41, and the temperature adjustment plate 3 constitute a heating medium circulation device 150A that causes the temperature adjustment plate 3 to function as a warm-up device. Although the engine radiator 8 is a device that cools the heating medium that warms the power storage device 1, the engine radiator 8 may be included in the heating medium circulation device 150A. Further, the cooling medium is cooled by the temperature adjustment plate 3 by flowing the cooling medium for cooling the engine to the temperature adjustment plate 3 to warm the power storage device 1. For this reason, the engine cooling effect can be enhanced.

  In the present embodiment, in addition to the heating medium circulation device 150A, a cooling medium circulation device 150B for cooling the power storage device 1 is provided. The cooling medium circulation device 150 </ b> B includes the cooling radiator 10, the circulation pump 11, the temperature adjustment plate 3, and the refrigerant pipe 44. The cooling radiator 10 and the circulation pump 11 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 44, and further connected by a refrigerant pipe 44 to a cooling medium flow path 3 </ b> B provided in the temperature adjustment plate 3. The flow path through which the cooling medium flows in the cooling medium circulation device 150B and the flow path through which the heating medium flows in the heating medium circulation device 150A are not connected to each other, and the heating medium circulation device 150A and the cooling medium circulation device 150B There is no exchange of the heating medium and the cooling medium between the two.

  The temperature adjustment plate 3 can be made of a metal casting such as aluminum. In addition to casting, the temperature adjustment plate 3 may be manufactured by welding a metal pipe to a metal plate. In short, the temperature adjustment plate 3 only needs to be able to flow a heating medium and a cooling medium and to exchange heat with the power storage device 1.

  In the present embodiment, since both the heating medium flow path 3A and the cooling medium flow path 3B are formed in the temperature adjustment plate 3, the variation in temperature depending on the place can be reduced. By devising the arrangement of the heating medium flow path 3A and the cooling medium flow path 3B, or by utilizing the heat conduction sheet 3a or the like, the influence of the temperature variation depending on the location is reduced, whereby the heating medium flow path 3A. And the cooling medium flow path 3B may be provided on separate temperature adjustment plates 3.

  In this embodiment, a cooling medium that cools the engine is used as a heating medium that warms up the power storage device 1, but hydraulic oil of the hydraulic actuators 74, 75, and 76 may be used. In this case, if the bypass passage 41 is connected to the pipe connecting the hydraulic pump 6, the hydraulic actuators 74, 75, and 76 and the valve device 15 shown in FIG. 2 via the bypass valve 12 shown in FIG. Good. As described above, one of the warm-up functions of the power storage device 1 may be realized by using the waste heat of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic actuators 74, 75, 76.

  In the present embodiment, self-heating due to charging / discharging of the power storage device 1 is used as the second warm-up function. When the control device 13 determines that the second warm-up function is necessary, the control device 13 operates the assist power generation motor 5 to charge the power storage device 1. Alternatively, the control device 13 supplies power from the power storage device 1 to operate the assist power generation motor 5 to discharge the power storage device 1.

  Next, the warm-up operation of the power storage device will be described.

  The control device 13 determines whether or not the warm-up operation is necessary based on the temperature detected by at least one of the upper battery temperature monitoring sensor 22 and the lower battery temperature monitoring sensor 23 at the start (S800). To do. In this case, as the temperature used for the determination, an average value, a maximum value, or a minimum value of temperatures detected by a plurality of sensors among the upper battery temperature monitoring sensor 22 and the lower battery temperature monitoring sensor 23 may be used. When the temperature used for determination is lower than a predetermined value set in advance, control device 13 determines that warm-up operation of power storage device 1 is necessary.

  When the power storage device 1 is warmed up at the time of starting at a low temperature, the control device 13 opens the bypass valve 12 and puts the engine into the heating medium flow path 3A in the temperature adjustment plate 3 in the power storage device 1. Pour cooling water. That is, the warm-up operation by the first warm-up function is executed. The engine cooling water is warmed by the engine 4, the power storage cell 2 is warmed from the outside on the lower surface side, and the temperature of the lower surface of the power storage cell 2 (power storage module 24) rises. At the same time, the assist power generation motor 5 is generated by the engine 4 and the power storage device 1 is charged or discharged from the power storage device 1 to drive the assist power generation motor 5. That is, the warm-up operation by the second warm-up function is executed. By this power generation operation or charging operation, the power storage cell 2 self-heats, and the power storage device 1 can be warmed up from inside the power storage cell 2.

  In the present embodiment, the first warm-up function warms the storage cell 2 from the outside on the lower surface side, and the second warm-up function warms the storage cell 2 from the inside. With only the first warm-up function, the lower surface side of the electricity storage cell 2 is heated, so that temperature variation occurs in the electricity storage cell 2 particularly in the vertical direction. This temperature variation can be reduced by causing the inside of the storage cell 2 to self-heat by the second warm-up function.

  If the warm-up operation by the first warm-up function is continued, temperature variation occurs in the vertical direction of the storage cell 2 even if the warm-up by the second warm-up function is performed. In this case, the lower side of the electricity storage cell 2 is hotter than the upper side. Therefore, it is determined whether or not the temperature difference between the upper battery temperature monitoring sensor 22 and the lower battery temperature monitoring sensor 23 exceeds a predetermined first threshold. When the temperature difference exceeds the first threshold value, the bypass valve 12 is closed and the warm-up operation is continued only by the self-heating (second warm-up function) of the storage cell 2. In this case, the second warming function is provided when the second threshold value set to a temperature lower than the first threshold value is provided, and the temperature difference detected by the temperature sensor 22 and the temperature sensor 23 exceeds the second threshold value. The warm-up operation may be performed together with the second warm-up function. In this case, it is preferable to reduce the heating medium discharge amount of the circulation pump 42 or reduce the opening amount of the bypass valve 12 to reduce the circulation amount of the heating medium. When the temperature difference between the upper battery temperature monitoring sensor 22 and the lower battery temperature monitoring sensor 23 falls below a predetermined threshold, the bypass valve 12 is opened again, and the warm-up operation by the first warm-up function is performed. To resume. In this embodiment, the upper battery temperature monitoring sensor 22 and the lower battery temperature monitoring sensor 23 measure two temperatures (temperature differences) at different distances from the temperature adjustment plate 3. Thereby, the temperature dispersion | variation in the electrical storage cell 2 which arises with the temperature control plate 3 is measured.

  Also, when the temperature of the lower battery temperature monitoring sensor 23 exceeds the battery operating temperature range (for example, 60 ° C.), the bypass valve 12 is closed and the warm-up operation by the first warm-up function is stopped. Thereby, it can prevent that the electrical storage cell 2 in the electrical storage apparatus 1 partially deteriorates exceeding use temperature. Even when the warm-up operation by the first warm-up function is stopped, the warm-up operation by the second warm-up function is continued, and it is possible to suppress an increase in the warm-up operation time.

When the measurement point temperature reaches the warm-up target temperature (for example, when the upper battery temperature monitoring sensor 22 reaches 25 ° C.), both the first warm-up function and the second warm-up function are warmed up. Stop machine operation. When the measurement point temperature once reaches the target temperature and then decreases from the target temperature, the second warm-up function is not used and the warm-up operation is performed using the first warm-up function. That is, in the second warm-up stage after the measurement point temperature once reaches the target temperature, the warm-up operation by the first warm-up function is preferentially used. Thereby, in the 2nd warm-up stage, the fall of the fuel consumption performance by driving the assist electric power generation motor 5 can be prevented. Even in the second warm-up stage, the temperature variation in the storage cell 2 (temperature difference between the upper battery temperature monitoring sensor 22 and the lower battery temperature monitoring sensor 23) exceeds a predetermined allowable value. Starts warm-up operation by the second warm-up function (self-heating).

  In the above description, it is determined by the detected temperature of the upper battery temperature monitoring sensor 22 that the measurement point temperature has reached the warm-up target temperature. This is because the warm-up state is more accurately determined by determining the temperature at the upper part of the storage cell 2 that is difficult to warm. However, for example, the detection temperature may be corrected by detecting the detected temperature of the lower battery temperature monitoring sensor 23. Or you may determine by the average value of the detected temperature of the sensor 22 for upper battery temperature monitoring, and the detected temperature of the sensor 23 for lower battery temperature monitoring.

  In the first embodiment, the example in which the first warm-up function warms the storage cell 2 from the outside on the lower surface side and the second warm-up function warms the storage cell 2 from the inside has been described. In this embodiment, a heater is provided in the power storage module 24 as an alternative to the first warm-up function or the second warm-up function.

  FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating an example in which the first warm-up function or the second warm-up function is realized by a heater provided in the power storage module 24.

  In the present embodiment, a plate (heater plate) 50 including an electric heater is sandwiched between two storage cells 2 to realize the first warm-up function or the second warm-up function. The electric power of the electric heater of the heater plate 50 is supplied from an auxiliary battery. Alternatively, power may be supplied from the power storage device 1 to the electric heater. Supply of electric power to the electric heater of the heater plate 50 is controlled by the control device 13.

  FIG. 8B is a diagram illustrating another example in which the first warm-up function or the second warm-up function is realized by the heater provided in the power storage module 24.

  In this modified example, instead of the heater plate 50, a sheet heater 51 formed of an electric heater is disposed on the side surface of the power storage module 24. The seat heater 51 may be disposed on the side surface of the power storage module 24 so as to wrap the entire circumference of the power storage module 24. The power supply and control of the electric heater of the seat heater 51 can be performed in the same manner as in the second embodiment.

  In this embodiment, warm air is used instead of the first warm-up function or the second warm-up function of the first embodiment. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a warm-up system using warm air.

  In the hybrid construction machine, an air conditioner unit 53 including a heater core 54 for heating the cab 52 is provided. An engine cooling water pipe 40a of the engine cooling system 40 is connected to the heater core 54, and the cooling water heated by cooling the engine 4 is circulated. The warm air warmed by the heater core 54 is sent to the cab 52 through the pipe 55B to warm up the cab 52. The warm air after warming up the cab 52 is returned to the air conditioner unit 53 through the pipe 55D.

  In the present embodiment, the warm air heated by the heater core 54 of the air conditioner unit 53 is sent into the cases 1A and 1B of the power storage device 1 through the pipe 55A with an on-off valve. The warm air warms up the power storage module 24 in the power storage device 1 and then returns to the air conditioner unit 53 through the pipe 55C. The on-off valve of the pipe 55A is controlled by the control device 13, and the warm-up operation by the warm-up is controlled.

  You may make it send the air (warm air) which warmed up the cab 52 in case 1A, 1B of the electrical storage apparatus 1. FIG. In this case, the warm air circulates through the air conditioner unit 53, the cab 52, and the power storage device 1.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration for improving the warm-up efficiency of the power storage module 24.

As shown in FIG. 10, the power storage module 24 is configured by sandwiching a plate 56 between adjacent power storage cells 2. A groove 56 a is formed in the plate 56. Thus, warm air easily flows between the storage cell 2, thereby improving the warm-up efficiency of the power storage module 24. By using such a power storage module 24, it is possible to improve warm-up efficiency due to warm air.

  The power storage module 24 shown in FIG. 10 can be applied to other embodiments.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power storage device, 2 ... Power storage cell, 3 ... Temperature adjustment plate, 3A ... Flow path through which heating medium flows 4 ... Engine (prime motor), 5 ... Assist power generation motor (electric motor), 13 ... Control device, 22 ... Upper part Battery temperature monitoring sensor (temperature sensor), 23 ... Lower battery temperature monitoring sensor (temperature sensor), 24 ... Power storage module, 150A ... Heating medium circulation device, 150B ... Cooling medium circulation device.

Claims (5)

An engine, an electric motor for performing the auxiliary and power generation of the power of the engine, a power storage device for exchanging power between the electric motor has a power storage cell, and a plurality of warm-up function for warming up the pre-Symbol power storage device A hybrid construction machine comprising: a control device that controls the plurality of warm-up functions ;
The plurality of warm-up functions are realized by a first warm-up function realized by a flow path through which a heating medium flows, and a second function realized by self-heating of the power storage cell by charging and discharging the power storage device. Including the warm-up function of
The control device performs a warm-up operation of the power storage device using the first warm-up function and the second warm-up function before the temperature of the power storage device reaches a target temperature for warm-up, After the temperature of the power storage device has reached the warm-up target temperature, the warm- up operation is performed by the first warm-up function in a state where the second warm-up function is stopped when the temperature falls below the target temperature. A hybrid construction machine characterized by The hybrid construction machine according to claim 1,
A temperature sensor that is provided in the power storage device and measures the temperature of two points at different distances from the warm-up unit by the first warm-up function;
The control device controls the first warm-up function and the second warm-up function based on a temperature difference between the two points of the power storage device detected by the temperature sensor. Hybrid construction machine. The hybrid construction machine according to claim 2 ,
The first warm-up function is disposed to one surface of the outer surface of the electric storage cell, a hybrid construction machine characterized in that it is implemented by a temperature adjusting plate flow path is formed passing a heating medium. The hybrid construction machine according to claim 2 ,
The control device limits or stops warm-up by the first warm-up function when a temperature difference between the two points detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a preset threshold value. Hybrid construction machine. The hybrid construction machine according to claim 2 ,
The control device performs a warm-up operation by the second warm-up function when the temperature difference between the two points exceeds an allowable value after the temperature of the power storage device reaches a warm-up target temperature. A hybrid construction machine characterized by

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