JP6303054B1 - Power control system - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To suppress load fluctuations in a power supply area after grouping customers. A power control system (100) includes a plurality of grouped consumers (30) including a power meter (32) that measures power consumption consumed by a load (34) and the power consumption measured by the power meter (32). The group power consumption is output for each group using the power consumption of each of the consumers 30 and the group power consumption of any group exceeds the group contract power set in advance for each group. The control device 10 for controlling the group power consumption of the excess power group to be equal to or less than the group contract power. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a power control system.

  In recent years, as seen in communication services using mobile phones, etc., attempts have been made to capture customers by grouping multiple customers and improving the services provided to the group over services that provide the customer alone. Yes.

  Such attempts to group customers have begun to be made in the field of power supply services as shown in, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4.

JP 2007-189790 A Japanese Patent No. 5858348 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-63548 JP 2003-32887 A

  In the field of electric power supply services, fluctuations in the total value of power consumed by each consumer in the electric power supply area, that is, load fluctuations, is an important index that affects power generation costs.

  If the power supply / demand balance is disrupted, a power outage will occur in the power supply area, so electric utilities need to prepare equipment that can supply more power than the maximum power consumption (peak power) in the power supply area. There is. Therefore, by reducing peak power, capital investment related to power supply is suppressed. In addition, load fluctuations are suppressed by reducing peak power, so that a certain percentage of electricity is supplied throughout the year, such as coal-fired power generation and nuclear power generation, which have lower power generation costs than thermal power generation using oil and natural gas. Since the operating rate of a power source called a base power source can be increased, the power generation cost may be further reduced.

  However, until now, customers have not been grouped for the purpose of suppressing load fluctuations in the power supply area.

An object of this invention is to provide the electric power control system which can suppress the load fluctuation in an electric power supply area, after grouping a customer.

The power control system according to the present invention includes at least one first consumer including a power meter that measures power consumption consumed by a load, and the same group as the first consumer, the power meter and And at least one second consumer provided with a distributed power source for supplying power to the load in the consumer, each of the distributed power sources supplying the first consumer with power consumption in the first consumer. While accepting from each of the provided wattmeters, the power consumption of the second consumer and the magnitude of the power supplied from the distributed power source provided to the second consumer to the second consumer From the receiving means that receives from each of the wattmeters provided, and from the total value of the power consumption of each of the first consumers and the power consumption of each of the second consumers received by the receiving means, the receiving means Receiving Output means for outputting the value obtained by subtracting the total value of the supplied power as group power consumption in the group, and the group power consumption output by the output means is based on group contract power set in advance for the group And control means for performing control to increase the supply power supplied from itself when the warning power becomes lower than a preset warning power.

According to the power control system of the present invention, it is possible to suppress load fluctuations in the power supply area after grouping customers.

It is a figure which shows the structural example of the electric power control system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the control apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment-4th Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the electric power control process which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows another example of the power control process which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the electric power control system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the electric power control process which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the electric power control system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the electric power control process which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the power control system which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the distributed power supply which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the power control process performed with the distributed power supply which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the electric power control process performed with the control apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is provided to the apparatus and process which have the same function through all the drawings, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power control system 100 according to the present embodiment. The power control system 100 includes a control device 10 that controls power supply in the power control system 100, a power supply source 20 that supplies power to the power control system 100, and N units that receive power from the power supply source 20 (N Is an integer greater than or equal to 2) customer 30-1 to customer 30-N.

  Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish and explain the customer 30-1 to the customer 30-N, the customer 30-1 to the customer 30-N will be collectively referred to as “the customer 30”.

  Each consumer 30 is provided with a power meter 32 and M loads 34-1 to 34-M connected to the power meter 32 (M is an integer of 1 or more).

  The wattmeter 32 is connected to the control device 10 via the communication line 40 and is connected to the power supply source 20 via the power line 50. The power received from the power supply source 20 via the wattmeter 32 is supplied to each of the loads 34-1 to 34-M, and the wattmeter 32 receives the power received from the power supply source 20, that is, the load 34-. 1 to 34-M having a power consumption measuring function for measuring a total value of power consumed by each of the loads 34-M. In addition, the total value of power consumption consumed in each consumer 30 may be simply referred to as “power consumption of consumer 30”.

  The wattmeter 32 has a communication function for transmitting the measured power consumption of the customer 30 to the control device 10 via the communication line 40 at a predetermined interval such as 5 minutes. Here, there is no restriction on the setting of the predetermined interval that defines the transmission interval of the power consumption of the consumer 30, and other values such as several milliseconds may be used. The wattmeter 32 does not necessarily have to transmit the power consumption of the customer 30 at a predetermined interval. For example, when a predetermined event occurs such that the increase / decrease rate of the power consumption fluctuates by a predetermined ratio. You may send it. Furthermore, the power meter 32 may transmit irregularly every time a predetermined event occurs, for example, every hour on the hour, while transmitting the power consumption of the consumer 30 at a predetermined interval.

  In addition, when the power meter which does not have a communication function for communicating with the control apparatus 10 is previously installed in the consumer 30, the auxiliary | assistant apparatus provided with the communication function for communicating with the control apparatus 10 is set to the said watt meter. It can be set as the wattmeter 32 which concerns on this embodiment by connecting.

  Further, the wattmeter 32 is provided with a power cut-off function for stopping power reception from the power supply source 20 when a power reception stop instruction is received from the control device 10. Thus, for example, a smart meter is applied to the wattmeter 32 having the power consumption measuring function, the communication function, and the power cutoff function.

  The connection form of the communication line 40 that connects the control device 10 and the power meter 32 of each consumer 30 may be wired or wireless. The communication line 40 may be a public line shared by an unspecified number of people or a dedicated line to which only the control device 10 and the wattmeter 32 are connected.

  Within each customer 30, there is a customer 30 that forms a group in advance with other customers 30. A single consumer 30 that does not form a group contracts contract power, which is the upper limit value of power that can be received for each consumer 30, with an electric power company that has jurisdiction over the power supply source 20. On the other hand, each customer 30 that forms a group contracts contract power with an electric power company that has jurisdiction over the power supply source 20 in units of groups, not for each customer 30 included in the group.

  Normally, the customer 30 estimates the maximum value of power consumption in the customer 30, and contracts the power exceeding the estimated power consumption by adding some margin to the estimated power consumption as contract power. On the other hand, when the total value of the contract power when each customer 30 included in the group contracts alone is used as the contract power of the group unit as it is, the margin of the power consumption that each customer 30 takes into account is added, The margin of power consumption may become too large with respect to the estimated total power consumption. Therefore, the contract power for each group tends to be set to a power lower than the total value of the contract power contracted by each customer 30 included in the group.

For example, consider a case where a consumer A whose contract power is P ₁ kW and a consumer B whose contract power is P ₂ kW form a group. Assuming that the consumer A is a consumer 30 who consumes relatively power during the daytime and the consumer B is a consumer 30 who consumes relatively electricity during the night, the demand is consumed during a time when the consumer A consumes less power. Since house B consumes power, the contract power of the group can be set lower than (P ₁ + P ₂ ) kW, which is the sum of the contract power of each consumer. Hereinafter, the contract power preset for each group is referred to as “group contract power”.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the control device 10. The control device 10 is configured using a computer 60, for example.

  The computer 60 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 61, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 62, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 63, a nonvolatile memory 64, and an input / output interface, which are examples of output means and control means according to the present embodiment. (I / O) 65 is provided. The CPU 61, ROM 62, RAM 63, nonvolatile memory 64, and I / O 65 are connected via a bus 66. As the nonvolatile memory 64, for example, an SSD (Solid State Drive) using a flash memory is used in addition to a hard disk.

  For example, an input device 70, a display device 72, and a communication device 74 are connected to the I / O 65.

  The input device 70 is a device that receives an instruction from an operator of the control device 10 and notifies the CPU 61 of the input device 70. For example, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, a microphone, and the like are used.

  The display device 72 is a device that displays information generated by the control of the CPU 61 as an image. For example, a liquid crystal display, an organic EL (Electroluminescence) display, or the like is used.

  The communication device 74 is connected to the communication line 40 and includes a communication protocol for transmitting / receiving a message to / from each wattmeter 32 installed in the consumer 30. That is, the communication device 74 is an example of a reception unit that receives the power consumption of the customer 30 from each wattmeter 32.

  The device connected to the I / O 65 is not limited to the device illustrated in FIG. For example, you may connect the alerting | reporting apparatus which alert | reports an alarm, when communication with the wattmeter 32 is cut | disconnected. Further, the input device 70 and the display device 72 are not necessarily devices essential to the control device 10.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3, the effect | action of the electric power control process of the electric power control system 100 performed with the control apparatus 10 is demonstrated.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of power control processing executed by the CPU 61 after the control device 10 is activated.

  A power control program that defines the power control processing is stored in advance in the ROM 62, for example. The CPU 61 reads a power control program stored in the ROM 62 and executes a power control process.

  The nonvolatile memory 64 stores customer information that associates the group with the customer 30 included in the group in advance, and the RAM 63 stores each customer 30 received via the communication device 74. It is assumed that the latest power consumption is stored. The consumer 30 who does not form a group should just consider each consumer 30 as one group, respectively.

  First, in step S <b> 10, the control device 10 refers to the consumer information, identifies which group the consumer 30 belongs to, and uses the latest power consumption for each consumer 30 stored in the RAM 63 to perform group consumption. Calculate power. Here, “group power consumption” is a total value of power consumption of all the consumers 30 included in the same group, and represents power consumption in units of groups.

  In step S20, the control device 10 determines whether there is a group in which the group power consumption calculated in step S10 exceeds the group contract power set in advance for each group. The group contract power may be stored in advance in the customer information in a format associated with each group. Hereinafter, a group whose group power consumption exceeds the group contract power is referred to as a “power excess group”.

  When the power excess group does not exist in the determination process of step S20, the process proceeds to step S50 described later. On the other hand, when at least one power excess group exists in each group, the process proceeds to step S30.

  In step S <b> 30, the control device 10 selects the customer 30 that stops receiving power from the power supply source 20 for each of the power excess groups so that the group power consumption is equal to or less than the group contract power. As long as the group power consumption is equal to or less than the group contract power, the control device 10 may select the consumer 30 that stops power reception. For example, the non-volatile memory 64 stores in advance the order of the consumers 30 that stop receiving power when the group power consumption exceeds the group contract power (power receiving stop order) for each group, and the control device 10 stops receiving power. According to the order, the customer 30 may be stopped in order until the group power consumption becomes equal to or less than the group contract power. In this case, since the order of the consumers 30 to stop power reception is determined in advance, the power reception of the consumers 30 is received earlier than in the case of determining the power reception stop order after the group power consumption exceeds the group contract power. Can be stopped.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the control apparatus 10 controls each power excess group so that power reception is preferentially stopped from the consumer 30 with high power consumption until the group power consumption becomes equal to or less than the group contract power. . In this case, the number of consumers 30 for stopping power reception can be minimized. Note that the customer 30 selected in step S30 and whose power reception is to be stopped is referred to as a “power reception stopped customer”.

  In step S <b> 40, the control device 10 transmits a power reception stop instruction instructing stop of power reception to each power reception stop consumer selected in step S <b> 30 via the communication line 40 connected to the communication device 74. .

  The power meter 32 of each power receiving stop consumer who has received the power receiving stop instruction cuts off the power supplied from the power supply source 20 and stops receiving power. Thereby, each group power consumption in each power excess group is limited to be equal to or less than the group contract power contracted by each power excess group.

  In step S <b> 50, the control device 10 determines whether a control end instruction has been received from the operator of the control device 10 via the input device 70. When the control end instruction is received, the power control process shown in FIG. 3 is ended. On the other hand, when the control end instruction is not received, the process proceeds to step S10, and the group power consumption of each group is set for each group by repeatedly executing the processes of steps S10 to S50 until the control end instruction is received. The power supply / demand balance is controlled so that it is less than or equal to the group contract power.

  In addition, although the power control system 100 demonstrated the form in which the wattmeter 32 transmitted the power consumption of the consumer 30 to the control apparatus 10 at the predetermined space | interval, the control apparatus 10 is a consumer with respect to each wattmeter 32. Polling for instructing to transmit 30 power consumption may be performed. For example, when the determination process in step S50 is negative, the group power consumption monitoring interval may be adjusted by waiting for a predetermined time and then moving to step S10.

  As described above, according to the control device 10 according to the present embodiment, group power consumption is monitored for each group, and when an excess power group is detected, power reception of at least one customer 30 in the excess power group is stopped. By doing so, the group power consumption is controlled to be equal to or less than the group contract power.

  That is, grouping the consumers 30 makes it easy to set the group contract power to a value lower than the total contract power contracted by each customer 30 included in the group. Compared with the case where the power supply is not changed, the peak power in the power supply area is reduced, and the load fluctuation is suppressed.

  For example, the electric power company keeps the basic charge set according to the group contract power lower than the basic charge of an individual customer 30 who contracts the same amount of power as the group contract power as a contract power without forming a group. Thus, the grouping of the consumers 30 can be promoted, and the number of consumers 30 who change the power purchase destination can be suppressed. Further, as the grouping of the consumers 30 is promoted, the peak power in the power supply area tends to be further reduced, so that the load fluctuation is further suppressed.

<Variation 1 of the first embodiment>
In the power control process shown in FIG. 3, a power outage occurs at a power receiving stop consumer, but when viewed from a power receiving stop consumer, there is a possibility of a power outage in advance rather than a power outage suddenly occurring. It is preferable that a power outage occurs after receiving a notification indicating.

  Therefore, here, the control device 10 that notifies a warning to the customer 30 in advance when there is a possibility that a power failure may occur in association with the control for suppressing the group power consumption to be equal to or less than the group contract power will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a flow of power control processing executed by the CPU 61 after the control device 10 is activated.

  A power control program that defines the power control processing is stored in advance in the ROM 62, for example. The CPU 61 reads a power control program stored in the ROM 62 and executes a power control process.

  The power control process shown in FIG. 4 is different from the power control process shown in FIG. 3 in that steps S22 to S26 are added, and the other parts are the same as the power control process shown in FIG. is there.

  If it is determined in step S20 that there is no excess power group, step S22 is executed.

  In step S <b> 22, the control device 10 determines whether or not there is a group whose group power consumption is greater than or equal to warning power set in advance for each group in each group. The warning power is a threshold value indicating that there is a high possibility of reaching the group contract power when the group power consumption becomes a value higher than this, and is set to a value lower than the group contract power. In addition, what is necessary is just to memorize | store the warning power set in the customer information in a format associated with each group. Hereinafter, a group whose group power consumption is equal to or higher than warning power is referred to as a “warning target group”.

  If the warning target group does not exist in the determination process of step S22, the process proceeds to step S50, and it is determined whether a control end instruction is accepted. On the other hand, when the warning target group exists, the process proceeds to step S24.

  In step S <b> 24, for each of the warning target groups, the control device 10 selects a consumer 30 that may stop receiving power when the group power consumption exceeds the group contract power, that is, a “power failure target consumer”. .

  There is no restriction on the method of selecting the power outage target consumers, all the customers 30 included in the warning target group may be selected, or a predetermined ratio or a predetermined amount is preferentially selected from the consumers 30 with high power consumption. A number of consumers 30 may be selected.

  In step S26, the control apparatus 10 notifies the warning which shows that there exists a possibility of a power failure with respect to each power failure object consumer selected in step S24.

  As a warning notification method, for example, a method of transmitting a warning message using a communication device 74 to a mail address such as a mobile phone or a smartphone registered in advance by each customer 30 is used. There are no particular restrictions. For example, when the notification function for notifying the wattmeter 32 is provided, the control device 10 transmits a warning instruction to the wattmeter 32 of the power outage target consumer so that the wattmeter 32 notifies the warning. Good. The notification destination information such as an email address may be stored in advance in the customer information in a format associated with each customer 30. A mobile phone, a smartphone, and a power meter 32 that notify a warning are examples of a notification device.

  In the power control process of FIG. 4, a warning is notified to a power failure target consumer every time it is determined that the group power consumption is greater than or equal to the warning power and less than or equal to the group contract power, but depending on the monitoring interval of the group power consumption, A warning may be notified continuously. Therefore, the time when the warning is notified to the power failure target consumer in step S26 is stored in the RAM 63, and the same power failure target consumer until a predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes) elapses from the time when the previous warning was notified. The warning may not be notified.

  In addition, when the group power consumption of the warning target group decreases to less than the warning power, the control device 10 provides information indicating that the possibility of a power failure has decreased with respect to the power failure target customer of the warning target group, that is, a warning. May be notified to the notification device. However, in this case, if the group power consumption changes so as to repeatedly rise and fall across the warning power, the warning and the cancellation of the warning may be alternately and repeatedly notified, so the group power consumption of the warning target group is greater than the warning power. A warning cancellation may be notified when the warning power lowers to a lower value than a preset value. The warning canceling power is also a value set in advance for each group, and may be stored in advance in the customer information in a form associated with each group.

  As described above, when the group power consumption exceeds the warning power, the control device 10 according to the first modification of the present embodiment notifies a warning to the customer 30 who may stop receiving power in advance. . Therefore, in the customer 30 that has received the warning notification, a time for taking an action to avoid a power failure, such as stopping the unnecessary load 34, is secured.

Second Embodiment
When detecting the power excess group, the control device 10 according to the first embodiment stops the power reception of at least one customer 30 in the power excess group and causes a power failure, so that the group power consumption becomes the group contract power. Control was performed as follows. In 2nd Embodiment, even if it is a case where group power consumption exceeds group contract power, 10 A of control apparatuses which control so that group power consumption becomes below group contract power, without making the customer 30 blackout are demonstrated. .

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power control system 100A according to the present embodiment. The configuration example of the power control system 100A shown in FIG. 5 is different from the configuration example of the power control system 100 shown in FIG. 1 in that the control device 10 is replaced with the control device 10A and the wattmeter 32 is replaced with the wattmeter 32A. This is the point that was replaced.

  Here, the wattmeter 32A differs from the wattmeter 32 in the following points, but has the same function as the wattmeter 32 in other points.

  The power meter 32A individually measures the power consumption consumed by each of the loads 34-1 to 34-M, and together with the total value of the power consumption consumed by each of the loads 34-1 to 34-M, The power consumption consumed by each of the loads 34-1 to 34-M is transmitted to the control device 10 in association with the terminal numbers to which the loads 34-1 to 34-M are connected. Further, the power meter 32A is assumed to be provided with a power cut-off function for cutting off the power supplied to the load 34 from the designated terminal number when receiving a cut-off instruction designating the terminal number from the control device 10A. That is, the load 34 connected to the terminal number designated by the cutoff instruction is forcibly stopped.

  The configuration example of the control device 10A is the same as the configuration example of the control device 10 illustrated in FIG.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 6, the effect | action of the power control process of 100 A of power control systems performed with 10 A of control apparatuses is demonstrated.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the flow of power control processing executed by the CPU 61 after the control device 10A is activated.

  A power control program that defines the power control processing is stored in advance in the ROM 62, for example. The CPU 61 reads a power control program stored in the ROM 62 and executes a power control process.

  The power control process shown in FIG. 6 is different from the power control process shown in FIG. 3 in that step S30 is replaced with step S30A and step S40 is replaced with step S40A.

  If it is determined in step S20 in FIG. 6 that at least one power excess group exists, step S30A is executed.

  In step S30A, the control device 10A selects the load 34 to stop driving for each of the power excess groups so that the group power consumption is equal to or less than the group contract power. Specifically, referring to the power consumption associated with the terminal number transmitted from the power meter 32 of each customer 30 included in the power excess group, so that the group power consumption is equal to or less than the group contract power, At least one terminal number to which the power consuming load 34 is connected is selected. In this case, after selecting the terminal number so that the driving of all the loads 34 in the specific consumer 30 is not stopped, the control device 10A can select which consumer as long as the group power consumption is equal to or less than the group contract power. Any of 30 terminal numbers may be selected. The load 34 selected in step S30A and targeted for stopping the supply of power is referred to as “forced stop load”.

  Note that a load 34 that is not desired to be selected as the forced stop load may be registered in advance in the control device 10A for each customer 30. For example, when power supply is interrupted in a refrigerator or the like, it may be considered to affect the sanitation of foods stored therein. Therefore, it is preferable to exclude the load 34 that causes inconvenience when the supply of power is stopped from the forced stop load.

  In step S40A, the control device 10A is connected with the forced stop load to the wattmeter 32A of the customer 30 having the forced stop load selected in step S30A via the communication line 40 connected to the communication device 74. Sends a shut-off instruction with the specified terminal number.

  The wattmeter 32A of the customer 30 that has received the cutoff instruction cuts off the power supplied to the load 34 from the terminal number designated by the cutoff instruction. Thereby, the group power consumption in each power excess group is limited to be equal to or less than the group contract power contracted by each power excess group.

  As described above, according to the control device 10A according to the second embodiment, the group power consumption of the power excess group can be made equal to or less than the group contract power without causing any customer 30 included in the power excess group to power out. .

<Third Embodiment>
In the power control system 100 according to the first embodiment and the power control system 100A according to the second embodiment, the example in which the customer 30 receives power from an electric power company that contracts all the power to be consumed has been described. In some cases, a distributed power source that supplies power to the load 34 may be installed in the house 30. A distributed power source is not a large-scale power source that is operated and managed by an electric power company like a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant, but by a consumer 30 that is a power consumption area, for example, in the site of the customer 30 A power source installed and operated by a consumer 30 in a nearby location. Distributed power sources include, for example, storage batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, and cogeneration systems that generate electricity and heat using gas.

  In the following, for example, power sources that can control the magnitude of power supplied, such as storage batteries, fuel cells, and cogeneration systems, rather than power sources that are difficult to control, such as solar cells, are distributed power sources. I will say. However, even if it is a power source that is difficult to control the amount of power to be supplied, such as a solar cell, a distributed power source that can control the amount of power to be supplied by storing the generated power in a storage battery. Can do. Hereinafter, an example in which a fuel cell is used as a distributed power source will be described.

  In the third embodiment, a description will be given of a control device 10B that suppresses load fluctuations in a power supply area in consideration of power supplied from a distributed power source that has been installed in recent years.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power control system 100B according to the present embodiment. The configuration example of the power control system 100B illustrated in FIG. 7 is different from the configuration example of the power control system 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 in that the control device 10 is replaced with the control device 10B, and the distributed power source 36 is provided to at least one customer 30. Is added.

  In the customer 30 having the distributed power source 36, the wattmeter 32 is replaced with a wattmeter 32B. The wattmeter 32B differs from the wattmeter 32 in the following points, but has the same function as the wattmeter 32 in other points.

  A distributed power source 36 is connected to the wattmeter 32B to receive the power supplied from the distributed power source 36, and the power received from the power supply source 20 and the power received from the distributed power source 36 are demands where the distributed power source 36 is installed. It supplies to the load 34 in the house 30. At this time, the wattmeter 32 </ b> B supplies the power supplied from the distributed power supply 36 to the load 34 with priority over the power received from the power supply source 20. That is, insufficient power that cannot be covered by power from the distributed power supply 36 is received from the power supply source 20 and supplied to the load 34.

  When the distributed power source 36 is a DC power source, power is supplied to the load 34 after being converted to AC by a conversion device such as a power conditioner.

  The wattmeter 32B transmits the power consumption of the customer 30 and the power received from the distributed power source 36, that is, the magnitude of the power supplied to the distributed power source 36 to the control device 10B via the communication line 40 at predetermined intervals. To do. Hereinafter, the magnitude of the power supplied to the distributed power source 36 is simply referred to as “power supplied to the distributed power source 36”.

  For example, an operation panel (not shown) for operating the distributed power supply 36 is attached to the distributed power supply 36, and various instructions are received through the operation panel (not shown).

  The same configuration example as the configuration example of the control device 10 illustrated in FIG. 2 is used as the configuration example of the control device 10B.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 8, the effect | action of the electric power control process of the electric power control system 100B performed with the control apparatus 10B is demonstrated.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the power control process executed by the CPU 61 after the control device 10B is activated.

  A power control program that defines the power control processing is stored in advance in the ROM 62, for example. The CPU 61 reads a power control program stored in the ROM 62 and executes a power control process.

  It is assumed that customer information is stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory 64, and the latest power consumption for each customer 30 received via the communication device 74 is stored in the RAM 63, and the distributed power source 36 is stored. In addition to the latest power consumption, the latest supply power of the distributed power source 36 is stored.

  The power control process shown in FIG. 8 is different from the power control process shown in FIG. 3 in that step S10 is replaced with step S10A and steps S60 to S130 are added.

  In step S <b> 10 </ b> A, the control device 10 </ b> B refers to the consumer information, identifies which group the consumer 30 belongs to, and uses the latest power consumption for each consumer 30 stored in the RAM 63 to determine the group power consumption. calculate. When the distributed power source 36 is installed in the customer 30, the control device 10 </ b> B determines the value obtained by subtracting the power supplied from the distributed power source 36 from the group power consumption for the entire group including the customer 30 in which the distributed power source 36 is installed. Group power consumption.

  That is, the control device 10B reduces the group power consumption of the group including the customer 30 in which the distributed power source 36 is installed by the amount of power supplied from the distributed power source 36. This is because the power supplied from the electric power company is reduced by the amount of power supplied from the distributed power source 36 when viewed from the electric power company. That is, the group power consumption in the present embodiment represents the total value of the supply power supplied from the power supply source 20 to all consumers 30 included in the same group. Hereinafter, the consumer 30 in which the distributed power source 36 is installed is referred to as “electric power supply consumer”.

  If it is determined in step S20 that there is no excess power group, step S60 is executed.

  In step S60, the control device 10B determines whether or not a warning target group exists in each group, as in step S22 shown in FIG. When there is no warning target group, the process proceeds to step S50, and it is determined whether a control end instruction is accepted. On the other hand, when the warning target group exists, the process proceeds to step S70.

  In step S70, the control device 10B selects any one warning target group, and determines whether or not at least one power supply consumer is included in the selected warning target group. Information regarding whether or not the customer 30 has installed the distributed power source 36 may be stored in advance in the customer information in a format associated with each customer 30.

  When at least one power supply consumer is included in the selected warning target group, the process proceeds to step S80.

  In step S <b> 80, the control device 10 </ b> B acquires from the RAM 63 the latest supply power of the distributed power supply 36 in each power supply consumer included in the selected warning target group.

  In step S90, the control device 10B sets the maximum supply power of the distributed power supply 36 in each power supply consumer as an upper limit, and sets the distributed power supply 36 in each power supply consumer acquired in step S80 for each power supply consumer. Supply power larger than the supply power is set as the target supply power. The information on the maximum power supply of the distributed power supply 36 may be stored in advance in the customer information in a format associated with each distributed power supply 36.

  In step S100, the control device 10B sets each distributed power source 36 of each power supply consumer included in the selected warning target group via the communication line 40 connected to the communication device 74 in step S90. A supply amount change instruction including the target supply power thus transmitted is transmitted.

  The distributed power supply 36 that has received the supply amount change instruction increases the supply power so that the supply power supplied from the distributed power supply 36 approaches the target supply power. Thereby, since the group power consumption of the warning target group including the power supply consumer decreases and the peak power in the power supply area tends to be reduced, the load fluctuation is further suppressed.

  In addition, when the target supply power set in step S90 exceeds the power consumption of the power supply consumer, the power meter 32B is a surplus that is the power of the portion exceeding the power consumption of the power supply consumer on the power line 50 of the electric power provider. You may perform what is called "reverse tide" which supplies electric power and sells surplus electric power to an electric power company. However, when reverse tide is performed, surplus power is accommodated using the power line 50 that the power transmission company has jurisdiction over, so payment of a consignment fee for using the power line 50 is required.

  The power supply / demand balance changes with time, and the power selling price decreases as the power supply increases compared to the power demand.Therefore, depending on the power supply / demand balance, the power supply cost including the consignment fee May exceed the power selling price. Therefore, it is preferable to set the target supply power for each power supply consumer to be equal to or less than the power consumption of each power supply consumer in step S90 so that the reverse tide is not performed.

  Furthermore, when a cogeneration system is used as the distributed power source 36, the amount of heat generated by increasing the power supplied to the distributed power source 36 also increases. However, if there is no destination for the increased amount of heat, the increased amount of heat is used. In this case, the total efficiency of the combined use efficiency of electricity and heat may be reduced. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, when controlling to increase the supply power of the distributed power source 36 from the viewpoint of power consumption, the power generation efficiency is about 60% or more higher than that of the central thermal power plant than the cogeneration system. It is preferable to use a fuel cell system or a storage battery as the distributed power source 36.

  On the other hand, in the determination process in step S70, when the selected warning target group does not include a power supply consumer, the process proceeds to step S110.

  In step S110, the control device 10B selects at least one power outage target customer from the selected warning target group, similarly to step S24 in FIG.

  In step S120, the control device 10B, as in step S26 of FIG. 4, has a possibility of a power outage to the power outage target customer selected in step S110 via the communication line 40 connected to the communication device 74. Notify the warning that there is.

  In step S <b> 130, the control device 10 </ b> B determines whether all warning target groups have been selected. If there is an unselected warning target group, the process proceeds to step S <b> 70. Then, the processes in steps S70 to S130 are repeatedly executed until all the warning target groups are selected. When the power supply consumer is included in the warning target group, the supply power of the distributed power source 36 is increased, and the warning target group is set. When the power supply consumer is not included, a warning is notified to the power failure target consumer.

  In step S100, the supply amount change instruction is transmitted to the distributed power supply 36 of the power supply consumer. Further, a power failure is transmitted to the notification device registered in advance by each consumer 30 included in the selected warning target group. You may notify the warning which shows that there is possibility of. In particular, a message notifying that the supply power of the distributed power supply 36 is to be increased may be notified to the power supply consumer.

  Thus, according to the control device 10B according to the third embodiment, the peak power in the power supply area is reduced by increasing the supply power of the distributed power supply 36 of the power supply consumer included in the warning target group, Reduce load fluctuations. Further, by increasing the power supply of the distributed power supply 36 of the power supply consumer, even in other customers 30 that do not have the distributed power supply 36 included in the same group as the power supply consumer, the distributed power supply 36 as a group as a whole. The power corresponding to the increase in the supplied power can be further consumed. That is, even when the power supplied from the distributed power supply 36 is not directly interchanged with other consumers 30, the merits of increasing the power supplied to the distributed power supply 36 at each consumer 30 in the group including the power supply consumer ( value of kW).

<Fourth embodiment>
In the power control system 100B according to the third embodiment, when the group power consumption is equal to or higher than the warning power, the control device 10B performs control to increase the supply power of the distributed power source 36. It is not limited to the control device 10B. In the fourth embodiment, a power control system 100C in which the distributed power source 36 autonomously controls the supplied power while monitoring the group power consumption with the distributed power source 36 will be described.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power control system 100C according to the present embodiment. The configuration example of the power control system 100C shown in FIG. 9 is different from the power control system 100B shown in FIG. 7 in that the distributed power source 36 is replaced with a distributed power source 36A, and the wattmeter 32B is replaced with a wattmeter 32C. is there. The distributed power source 36A is disconnected from the communication line 40. Instead, the distributed power source 36A and the power meter 32C of another customer 30 included in the same group as the customer 30 provided with the distributed power source 36A are connected to the intra-group communication line. 80 is connected. There may be a plurality of power supply consumers in the same group. The customer 30 in which the distributed power source 36A is not installed is an example of a first consumer, and the customer 30 in which the distributed power source 36A is installed is an example of a second consumer.

  The power meter 32B according to the third embodiment transmits the power consumption of the customer 30 and the power supplied to the distributed power source 36 when the distributed power source 36 is installed to the control device 10B at predetermined intervals. The wattmeter 32C according to the present embodiment also transmits these measured values to each distributed power source 36A in the same group via the intra-group communication line 80. Except for the transmission operation, the wattmeter 32C has the same function as the wattmeter 32B.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the distributed power source 36A. The distributed power supply 36A includes, for example, a computer 60A.

  The computer 60A includes a CPU 61A, a ROM 62A, a RAM 63A, a nonvolatile memory 64A, and an I / O 65A that are examples of output means and control means according to the present embodiment. The CPU 61A, ROM 62A, RAM 63A, nonvolatile memory 64A, and I / O 65A are connected via a bus 66A. As the non-volatile memory 64A, for example, an SSD using a flash memory is used in addition to a hard disk.

  For example, a power supply device 76, a communication device 77, and an operation panel 78 are connected to the I / O 65A.

  The power supply device 76 supplies supply power having a magnitude specified by the CPU 61A to the load 34 via the wattmeter 32C according to the control of the CPU 61A. If the distributed power source 36A is a fuel cell, the power supply device 76 corresponds to a power generation unit using a fuel cell stack. If the distributed power source 36A is a storage battery, the power supply device 76 corresponds to a power storage unit that stores power. .

  The communication device 77 is connected to the intra-group communication line 80, the power consumption of the customer 30 from each power meter 32C connected to the intra-group communication line 80, and the distributed power source 36A is installed in the customer 30. If so, the power supplied from the distributed power source 36A is received. That is, the communication device 77 is an example of a reception unit that receives the power consumption of the customer 30 and the power supply of the distributed power source 36A from the wattmeter 32C.

  On the other hand, the configuration example of the control device 10C is the same as the configuration example of the control device 10 illustrated in FIG.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 11, the operation of the power control process executed by the distributed power supply 36A will be described.

  FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a flow of power control processing executed by the CPU 61A after the distributed power source 36A is activated.

  A power control program that defines the power control process is stored in advance in, for example, the ROM 62A. The CPU 61A reads a power control program stored in the ROM 62A and executes a power control process.

  First, in step S200, the distributed power source 36A is configured such that the power consumption of the customer 30 and the distributed power source 36A are installed in the customer 30 from each power meter 32C of the customer 30 connected by the intra-group communication line 80. If so, the power supply of the distributed power source 36A is acquired.

  In step S210, the distributed power source 36A calculates, as the group power consumption, a value obtained by subtracting the total power supply value of each distributed power source 36A from the total power consumption value of each consumer 30 acquired in step S200.

  In step S220, the distributed power source 36A determines whether the group power consumption calculated in step S210 is equal to or higher than the warning power set in advance for the group. When the group power consumption is equal to or higher than the warning power, the process proceeds to step S230. The warning power may be stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory 64A.

  In step S230, the distributed power supply 36A sets the supply power larger than the current supply power as the target supply power with the maximum supply power that can be supplied from its own distributed power supply 36A as an upper limit.

  In step S240, the distributed power source 36A controls the power supply device 76 to increase the supplied power so that the supplied power supplied from its own distributed power source 36A approaches the target supplied power set in step S230.

  On the other hand, when the group power consumption is less than the warning power in the determination process of step S220, and after execution of step S240, the process proceeds to step S250.

  In step S250, the distributed power source 36A determines whether a control end instruction has been received from the operator of the distributed power source 36A via the operation panel 78.

  When the control end instruction is received, the power control process shown in FIG. 11 is ended. On the other hand, if the control end instruction has not been received, the process proceeds to step S200, and the distributed power supply 36A is autonomously monitored while monitoring the group power consumption by repeatedly executing the processes of steps S200 to S250 until the control end instruction is received. To control the power supply.

  Therefore, when the group power consumption approaches the group contract power, the distributed power source 36A increases the power supply by its own judgment, and the group power consumption exceeds the group contract power, and is generated by at least one customer 30 in the group. Suppress power outages. That is, since the power supplied from the power supply source 20 is decreased and the peak power in the power supply area is reduced by increasing the power supplied to the distributed power source 36A, load fluctuation is suppressed. become.

  In the power control process shown in FIG. 11, control is performed to increase the supply power of the distributed power source 36 </ b> A. However, when the group power consumption decreases below the warning power, the control to reduce the supply power from the current supply power is performed. May be added. In this case, if the group power consumption changes so as to repeatedly rise and fall across the warning power, the supply power change will be repeatedly executed, so the group power consumption is preset to a value lower than the warning power. When the power decreases below the power, the power supplied to the distributed power source 36A may be decreased.

  FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the flow of the power control process executed by the control device 10C when the power control process shown in FIG. 11 is executed by the distributed power source 36A.

  A power control program that defines the power control process shown in FIG. The CPU 61 reads a power control program stored in the ROM 62 after the control device 10C is activated, and executes a power control process.

  The power control process shown in FIG. 12 is modified so that steps S60 to S130 are deleted from the power control process shown in FIG. 8 and the process proceeds to step S50 when the determination process in step S20 is negative.

  That is, in step S10A, the control device 10C refers to the customer information, identifies which group the customer 30 belongs to, the latest power consumption for each customer 30 stored in the RAM 63, and the distributed power source 36A. The group power consumption is calculated for each group using the latest supply power for each group.

  In step S20, the control device 10C determines whether there is a power excess group in which the group power consumption calculated in step S10A exceeds the group contract power. If the determination process in step S20 is negative, the process proceeds to step S50, and the presence / absence of the control end instruction already described is determined. On the other hand, when the determination process of step S20 is affirmative determination, the process proceeds to step S30, and as described above, a power receiving stop consumer is selected from each power excess group, and the power meter 32C of the power receiving stop consumer is selected. To send a power stop instruction.

  In this case, as described in the third embodiment, it is needless to say that a process of notifying the warning may be added to the consumers 30 included in the warning target group whose group power consumption exceeds the warning power. .

  Although the present invention has been described above using the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the scope described in each embodiment. Various modifications or improvements can be added to the respective embodiments without departing from the gist of the present invention, and embodiments to which the modifications or improvements are added are also included in the technical scope of the present invention. For example, the processing order may be changed without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  In the first embodiment, an example in which an auxiliary device having a communication function is connected to a wattmeter having no communication function to extend the function of the wattmeter has been described, but the function of the wattmeter using the auxiliary device has been described. The extension example is not limited to the communication function. For example, a part of the functions of the wattmeters 32, 32A, 32B, and 32C, such as a power cut-off function that stops receiving power from the power supply source 20 or cuts off the power supplied to the designated load 34, It may be realized by connecting an auxiliary device to the power meter.

  Moreover, although each embodiment demonstrated the form which implement | achieves a power control process by software as an example, it is equivalent to the flowchart shown in FIG.3, FIG.4, FIG.6, FIG.8, FIG.11 and FIG. The processing may be implemented in, for example, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) and processed by hardware. In this case, the processing speed can be increased as compared with the case where each processing is executed by software.

  Moreover, although embodiment mentioned above demonstrated the form in which the power control program was installed in ROM62, 62A, it is not limited to this. The power control program according to the present invention can also be provided in a form recorded on a computer-readable recording medium. For example, the power control program according to the present invention may be provided in a form recorded on an optical disc such as a CD (Compact Disc) -ROM or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) -ROM. The power control program according to the present invention may be provided in a form recorded in a semiconductor memory such as a USB memory and a flash memory. Furthermore, the power control program according to the present invention may be acquired from an external device connected to the communication line 40 via the communication line 40.

10 (10A, 10B, 10C) ... Control device 20 ... Power supply source 30 ... Consumer 32 (32A, 32B, 32C) ... Wattmeter 34 ... Load 36 (36A) ... Distributed power source 40 ... communication line 50 ... power line 60 (60A) ... computer 61 (61A) ... CPU
70 ... Input device 72 ... Display device 74 (77) ... Communication device 76 ... Power supply device 78 ... Operation panel 80 ... Intra-group communication line 100 (100A, 100B, 100C) ... Power control system

Claims (3)

At least one first consumer with a power meter that measures power consumption consumed by the load;
Forming the same group as the first consumer, and at least one second consumer comprising a distributed power source for supplying power to the load in the power meter and own consumer;
With
Each of the distributed power sources receives power consumption in the first consumer from each of the wattmeters provided in the first consumer, power consumption in the second consumer, and the second consumer. Receiving means for receiving from each of the wattmeters provided to the second consumer the magnitude of the supplied power supplied from the provided distributed power supply;
The value obtained by subtracting the total value of the supplied power received by the receiving means from the total value of the power consumption of each of the first consumers and the second consumer received by the receiving means is the group. Output means for outputting as group power consumption in
Control for increasing supply power supplied from itself when the group power consumption output by the output means is equal to or higher than a warning power set in advance lower than the group contract power set in advance for the group Control means for performing
A power control system comprising: 2. The power control according to claim 1, wherein the control unit in the distributed power source performs control to reduce supply power supplied from the control unit when the group power consumption becomes lower than the warning power after the group power consumption becomes equal to or higher than the warning power. system. The power control system according to claim 1, wherein the control unit in the distributed power source performs control to increase the supplied power within a range in which the supplied power supplied from itself is not reversely flowed to the power line managed by the power transmission company.