JP2005198423A - Energy management system, energy management method, and energy management program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an energy management technology that can control a power demand of a consumer group so as to be beneficial to the entire consumer group including consumers who have distributed power supplies. <P>SOLUTION: This energy management system comprises a group data base DB 140 of the group data integrated as a consumer group 3 including at least one consumer A having a distributed power supply Ab and power demand data of power demand facilities Aa, Ab of the consumer group 3 with regard to a plurality of consumers A, B having the power demand facilities Aa, Ba that receive electric power from electrical power suppliers 2; an output command value calculating portion 113 that calculates a generation output command value to the distributed power supply Ab of the consumer group 3 based on the power demand data; and a power supplier data base DB150 that controls generation output of the distributed power supply Ab based on the generation output command value and stores contracted power capacity that should be the upper limit of the power demand of the consumer group 3 in such a way that the power demand of the consumer group 3 to the electrical power suppliers 2 is reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, an energy management system, an energy management method, and an energy management program for controlling a power consumption pattern of a consumer who is supplied with electric power from an electric power company or the like.

  In general, a consumer having a power demand facility makes a contract with an electric power supplier who supplies electricity, and receives the supply of electricity from his / her power generation / transformation equipment to his / her own power demand facility according to the contract. In this case, the normal consumer determines the contracted power amount with the electric power company from the annual maximum power consumption of his / her power demand facility, and operates the power demand facility so as not to exceed the contracted power amount. There is a need to. In addition, in the contract, if there is an excess of power consumption from the contracted power consumption, a penalty must be paid, and the customer has exceeded the contracted power consumption for some reason. In that case, it is necessary to pay a penalty according to the contract.

By the way, due to the recent trend of electricity liberalization, unlike a conventional large-scale power plant, unlike a power source that is supplied to a demand area in one direction, a fuel cell, a gas engine, a gas turbine, a micro gas turbine, a diesel engine, etc. There are an increasing number of cases in which a customer owns a power source that is distributed in a demand area side, such as a power generation system that uses power and a cogeneration system that uses these. In this way, a consumer who owns a distributed power source compares the power generation capability of his / her own distributed power source, the power generation cost with his own power demand, the power cost purchased from an electric power company, etc. Determine the operation plan and the amount of contracted electricity with the electric utility. In this case, an optimum operation plan creation support system that operates a distributed power supply has already been proposed so that the energy cost is minimized.
JP 2003-32887 A

  By the way, the conventional electric power company has made the independent electric power supply contract for every consumer. However, due to the liberalization of electric power, it has become possible to supply electric power not only by general electric utilities but also by specific scale electric utilities (PPS) and specific electric utilities. As a result, a customer group in which a plurality of geographically separated customers are grouped can be configured, and a power supply contract can be concluded for each customer group.

  In general, as an effect of grouping a plurality of consumers, there is a reduction in load at the peak of power demand. This is due to the following reason. That is, when the peak times of power use of the consumers belonging to a certain consumer group are different, the peak load of the consumer group becomes smaller than the total peak load of each consumer. As a result, the customers who have contracted with the customer group can reduce the contract power and can reduce the basic charge, compared with the case of contracting individually. Conventionally, a system for reducing the charge by such grouping and balancing the power supply / demand balance has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

  However, when a group is formed by gathering customers who are distant from each other, it is difficult to determine which consumer and group are effective for reducing contract power. In addition, when a consumer group is configured, it is difficult to determine how much contract power is to be used. Furthermore, in the conventional distributed power supply operation support system as described above, the operation of the distributed power supply is optimized by referring only to the power demand of the customer who owns the distributed power supply. When the system is configured, it was not possible to calculate the operation plan according to the overall demand of the customer group.

Further, in recent years, a problem that is very important socially for those who operate electric power supply businesses is the impact on the environment. In particular, for the purpose of preventing global warming, CO ₂ emissions are regulated on a national scale. Among the relatively small-scale power generation systems currently used as distributed power sources, there are environmentally friendly systems with low CO ₂ emissions, such as fuel cells, solar cells, and wind power generation. The gas engines, gas turbines, etc. mentioned in the above example have a lower unit cost of CO ₂ emission than natural thermal power generation due to the use of natural gas. It can be said that it will lead to the benefit of the whole nation.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and its main purpose is to control the power demand of the consumer group so as to benefit the entire consumer group including the consumer having the distributed power source. To provide a possible energy management system, energy management method and program for energy management.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide an energy management system, an energy management method, and an energy management program that can provide useful information so that an electric utility can procure electric power that is environmentally friendly at low cost.

  In order to achieve the above object, the energy management system of the present invention has at least one that owns or manages a distributed power source for a plurality of consumers who manage or own power demand equipment that receives power supply from the power supply equipment. A group data storage unit that stores group data collected in a consumer group including a consumer, a power demand data storage unit that stores power demand data of the power demand facility for the customer group, and the power demand data And an output command value calculation unit that calculates a power generation output command value for the distributed power supply of the consumer group.

  In the present invention as described above, a consumer group is configured by a plurality of consumers including consumers having a distributed power source, and the power generation output of the distributed power source is controlled based on the power demand data of each consumer group. As a result, the entire customer group can be protected so that it can reduce the impact on the environment or cope with unforeseen circumstances so that it can receive power supply at low cost so as to protect the amount of contract power concluded in advance. Power demand can be controlled.

  According to the present invention as described above, an energy management system, an energy management method, and an energy management system capable of controlling the power demand of a consumer group so as to benefit the entire consumer group including the consumer having a distributed power source. A program can be provided.

Hereinafter, the best mode (embodiment) for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[1. Configuration of Embodiment]
[1-1. overall structure]
First, as shown in FIG. 1, facilities (electric demanding facilities Aa, Ba) that receive power supply from the power supply facilities (power plant 210, substation facility 220, power transmission network 230, power distribution network 240, etc.) of the electric power company 2. ), And the customer group 3 is constituted by the consumers A and B. Further, the customer A in the customer group 3 owns or manages the distributed power supply Ab.

  On the premise of this, the energy management system 1 of the present embodiment has a communication network N connected to computers (control devices) P2 and P3 that control equipment and facilities installed on the electric utility 2 side and the customer group 3 side. By being connected through the network, various data can be transmitted and received. The energy management system 1 mainly determines the power generation output command value of the distributed power source Ab based on the power demand data in the electricity demand facilities Aa, Ba of the customer group 3, and uses this power generation output command value as the customer group. 3 is a system that controls the power demand amount of the entire consumer group 3 (the amount of power purchased from the electric power company 2) by transmitting to the computer P3.

  In addition, as an operation form of such an energy management system 1, a form operated by an organization or an individual independent from both the electric power company 2 and the consumer group 3, a form operated by the electric power company 2 and the demand Although the form etc. which the house group 3 operates inside are considered, any of them may be sufficient.

[1-2. Configuration of energy management system]
More specifically, the energy management system 1 realizes the virtual functional block shown in FIG. 2 by physically utilizing computer hardware. The energy management system 1 includes a hard disk, a CD on which the program and the program are recorded. -ROM, DVD-ROM and other various recording media are each an aspect of the present invention. In addition, description is abbreviate | omitted about the normal input / output apparatus etc. (a keyboard, a mouse | mouth, a display, an input / output terminal etc.) in the energy management system 1. FIG. Further, the energy management system 1 is not limited to that realized by a specific computer, and may be configured by a plurality of server devices for communication, database, other data processing, etc. Accordingly, it is possible to configure a system in which a plurality of computers are connected to perform processing, for example, by distributing the processing by a plurality of computers.

  That is, the energy management system 1 includes a data input unit 100, a calculation unit 110, a grouping processing unit 120, a customer database (DB) 130, a group database (DB) 140, an electric power company database (DB) 150, an output command. A value storage unit 160, a data output unit 170, a communication control unit 180, and the like are included. Each database and storage unit may be realized in a predetermined storage area in a computer including a memory, a hard disk, or the like, or may be realized by a database server provided separately as described above.

  Further, FIG. 2 is merely a virtual illustration of data used in the energy management system 1 so that it can be easily understood. Therefore, in the customer DB 130, the group-specific DB 140, and the electric power supplier DB 150, there may be data sharing / duplication. The data structure is also free, and any known method can be applied to the degree of normalization, the grouping method, and the like. Data redundancy may be eliminated by, for example, associating each other's data items with a key, or duplication of each other's data items may be allowed to speed up search processing.

  The data input unit 100 is a means for inputting data necessary for various processes in the energy management system 1 from the received signal in the communication control unit 180. The data extraction unit 101 that extracts necessary data and a contract that has been concluded in advance. It has an excess determination unit 102 that determines that the demand power has exceeded the amount of power, an abnormality determination unit 103 that determines the abnormality from the operation data of the distributed power supply Ab, and the like.

  The calculation unit 110 is a unit that calculates various data necessary for the energy management system 1, and includes a power amount calculation unit 111 that calculates an appropriate contract power amount, a demand prediction calculation unit 112 that calculates a predicted value of power demand, An output command value calculation unit 113 that calculates an output command value of the distributed power supply Ab, a cycle setting unit 114 that sets a calculation cycle by the output command value calculation unit 113, and a charge calculation unit 115 that calculates a power rate based on various data. , A contribution calculation unit 116 that calculates the contribution of contract power reduction due to the operation of the distributed power supply Ab of the customer A, a procurement pattern creation unit 117 that creates a power procurement pattern, and a reduction pattern creation that creates a power charge reduction pattern Unit 118, and a green power amount determining unit 119 that determines a ratio of the green power amount that has little influence on the environment.

  The grouping processing unit 120 is a means for determining and grouping a combination of the consumers A and B that minimizes the annual power cost based on the demand forecast and the contracted power amount for each of the consumers A and B. . At this time, each group always includes a consumer who owns the distributed power source.

  The consumer DB 130 is a means for storing various data related to the consumers A and B. This data includes basic attributes such as a name, an address, and a telephone number for identifying each consumer A and B. Customer data, power demand data related to the power demand of each customer A and B that is input and accumulated from the data input unit 100, the type of distributed power source Ab that the customer A has, the degree of environmental impact, power generation cost, power generation Distributed power supply data including efficiency and operation data, and contribution data related to the degree to which customer A contributes to contract power reduction through operation of distributed power supply Ab are included.

  The group-specific DB 140 is a means for storing various data related to the customer group 3. The data includes basic information (name, symbol, etc.) for identifying the customer group, and what kind of customer is included in one customer group. Demand data related to the power demand of the consumer group 3 that is input from the data input unit 100 and stored, for example, the consumer group 3 includes the consumers A and B. The penalty data regarding the penalty when the power demand of the customer group 3 exceeds the contracted power amount, the demand prediction data regarding the power demand prediction of the customer group 3, and the like are included.

  The electric power supplier DB 150 is a means for storing various data related to the electric power supplier 2, and is supplied by the electric power supplier 2 including business data including basic information (name, address, telephone number, etc.) for identifying the electric power supplier 2. Contracted power unit price, unit charge unit price, aggregation period, penalty when contract power is exceeded, time interval for determining contract power excess, power generation facility data (type, environmental impact, power generation cost, power generation efficiency and operation data Etc.), contract data regarding the contract contents that the consumer group 3 has concluded to receive power supply from the electric utility 2 based on the above electric supply menu, the customer group 3 or the electric power business Type and ratio of suppliers from which Procurers 2 procure electric power (ratio of distributed power sources, proportion of businesses with lower costs, proportion of power sources / power plants with less environmental impact) ) Procurement patterns, electric utilities 2 in order to reduce demand for electricity is included to reduce pattern or the like on the information to be provided to the customer groups 3 on.

  The output command value storage unit 160 is a means for storing the power generation output command value for the distributed power source Ab calculated by the output command value calculation unit 113. The data output unit 170 is a unit that appropriately outputs the customer DB 130, the group-specific DB 140, the electric power supplier DB 150, the data stored in the output command value storage unit 160, the calculation result in the calculation unit 110, and the like. The communication control unit 180 maintains a connection with the communication network N or establishes / disconnects the connection to the communication network N by linking with a router or other network connection device (not shown). This is means for performing transmission / reception of data with the computer P3 on the customer A, B side, route control based on route information according to the communication network N, and the like.

  In addition, all or a part of various data in the customer DB 130, the group DB 140, and the electric utility DB 150 is communication control of data stored and managed in the computer P2 of the electric utility 2 and the computer P3 of the customer group 3. The data received by the unit 180 and extracted by the data extraction unit 101 can be used. In other words, a part or all of the customer DB 130, the group-specific DB 140, and the electric power supplier DB 150 may be managed uniformly by realizing on the energy management system 1 side. A storage area necessary for the energy management system 1 may be saved by utilizing the database on the group 3 side.

[1-3. Facilities and equipment on the electric utility side]
The electric power company 2 is a business person that supplies electricity to consumers. As shown in FIG. 1, this electric power company 2 owns or manages a power system composed of a power plant 210, a substation facility 220, a power transmission network 230, a power distribution network 240, etc. for thermal power, hydropower, nuclear power, etc. A control system (control computer) that controls each facility is installed in the power plant 210, the substation facility 220, and the like. These control systems are connected to the central processing system (computer P2) via the communication network N, whereby the operation of each facility can be managed via the communication network N. In addition, although the electric power company 2 is made into one for the simplification of description, many electric power companies 2 may exist as a supplier of electric power. In addition, the electric power company 2 is, for example, a general electric power company, a specific electric power company, a specific electric power company, etc., and has concluded a power supply contract for the consumer group 3 that gathers a plurality of consumers. Any person can be used as long as it is possible. Therefore, the electric power company 2 does not necessarily have to possess all the facilities described above. Moreover, the electric power company 2 which supplies electric power with respect to the electric power company 2 is also included.

[1-4. Customer Group Facilities / Equipment]
As shown in FIG. 1, the customer group 3 is a group of consumers A and B that receive power supply services from the electric power company 2 through the power system as described above. , B own power demand facilities Aa, Ba such as factories, office buildings, apartment houses, hospitals, etc., each receiving power supply. In addition, the customer A owns a distributed power source Ab such as a fuel cell power generation system, a gas turbine power generation system, a gas engine power generation system, a diesel engine power generation system, a solar power generation system, a wind power generation system, etc. I do not have a distributed power supply. A computer P3 that controls and manages these power demanding facilities Aa, Ba and the distributed power supply Ab is connected to the communication network N. The output of the distributed power supply Ab is controlled by the computer P3, and is configured to be able to supply power to the power demand facility Aa as well as other than the customer A. Note that the customer group 3 in this embodiment is merely an example set for simplicity of explanation, and it is sufficient that the customer group 3 is composed of two or more consumers, and two or more of them are distributed power sources. There is no problem even if you own.

[1-5. Communication network configuration]
As described above, necessary data can be transmitted and received between the computers P1 to P3 via the communication network N periodically or in response to mutual requests. This communication network N can be applied to any wired or wireless transmission path and transmission medium, and it does not matter what LAN or WAN is used. Any communication protocol that can be used at present or in the future can be applied. In particular, it is free to use a dedicated line within the energy management system 1, the electric power company 2, and the customer group 3 or between each other or use a public line network. It is free to choose what measures to secure safety and reliability, such as data encryption and line duplication.

[2. Operation of the embodiment]
Various procedures in the energy management system 1 of the present embodiment as described above will be described.
[2-1. General contract mode]
First, in general, when each consumer A, B receives the supply of electricity from the electric power company 2, the power demand facilities Aa, Ba of the respective consumers A, B can use the power that can be used in the unit time. Arrange the maximum value (contract power). Then, the consumers A and B pay the electric utility 2 a basic fee determined based on the magnitude of the contract power and a metered fee determined from the amount of power actually used. Although there are differences depending on the contract with the electric power company 2 and the demand patterns of the consumers A and B, in general, the ratio of the basic charge to the electric power cost paid to the electric power company 2 is around 30%. If the basic charge is reduced, it can be seen that the power cost reduction effect is very high.

  Here, in the case of the customer A who owns the distributed power supply Ab capable of output control, the power demand pattern of the own power demand facility Aa can be controlled by using this distributed power supply Ab. Contract power can be reduced by reducing the maximum power consumption. However, a person who does not own a power generation device such as a distributed power source, such as customer B, cannot arbitrarily control the power demand pattern of his / her own power demand facility Ba. For this reason, there is no choice but to take cooperation with the equipment operator who is the actual electric user, such as promoting energy saving or changing the production schedule in the factory.

[2-2. Aspect of contract corresponding to this embodiment]
On the other hand, in this embodiment, the consumers A and B make a power supply contract with the electric power company 2 as the consumer group 3. The contents of the contract are stored in the database of the computers P2 and P3 on the electric utility 2 and customer group 3 side, and are received on the energy management system 1 side and stored in the electric utility DB 150. In the case of such a contract for each consumer group 3, the contract power is calculated based on the maximum power of the consumer group 3 instead of the maximum power of the individual consumers A and B. For example, when the power demand 21 of the consumer A and the power demand 22 of the consumer B are as shown in FIG. 3, the power demand of the consumer group 3 is a combined demand 23 of the power demand 21 and the power demand 22. It becomes. And since the time when electric power demand becomes the maximum in one day differs between customer A and customer B, the following relationship is established.
Maximum value of composite demand <maximum demand of A consumer + maximum demand of B consumer

  As a result, when the consumers A and B make a contract for power as one consumer group 3, the amount of contract power of the customer group 3 is the contract when the consumers A and B contract individually. It becomes smaller than the total amount of electric power. That is, by making a contract as a consumer group 3 in which a plurality of consumers A and B are grouped, the effect of reducing the basic charge by reducing the contract power can be obtained. However, how much reduction effect can be obtained depends on the power demand patterns of the individual consumers A and B constituting the consumer group 3.

  In the present embodiment, further, by incorporating the customer A who always owns the distributed power supply Ab in the customer group 3, the basic charge reduction effect by reducing the contract power can be surely obtained. More specifically, based on the past power demand data of each customer A, B or the demand forecast calculated by the demand forecast calculation unit 112, the grouping processing unit 120 uses the distributed power supply Ab to operate the amount of power. The customers A and B that can reduce the cost are grouped. As for the consumers A and B grouped in this way, conditions such as regional limitation, organizational relation, and scale can be set, but without such conditions, customers in remote areas etc. A and B can also be combined. Data regarding this grouping is stored in the group-specific DB 140.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the consumer A who owns the distributed power supply Ab can naturally reduce his / her power demand 21 (see 24), but the peak of the power demand of the consumers A and B in a certain period of time. If the power generation output 25 of a certain amount of the distributed power source Ab can be expected at a certain time, the customer group 3 is contracted as a group with the customer B, and the power as the customer group 3 is obtained. The demand 26 can be reduced from the combined demand 23 of the consumers A and B.

  Furthermore, the power amount calculation unit 111 includes the past power demand data of the consumers A and B or the power demand 26 as described above, the power generation cost data of the distributed power source Ab, the power supply menu of the electric power company 2 (contracted power unit price) The amount of contract power of the customer group 3 is determined so that the annual power cost is minimized based on the unit price unit price, penalty when contract power is exceeded, and the like. The data relating to the grouping and contracted power determined in this way is transmitted to the computers P3 and P2 of the consumer group 3 and the electric utility 2, and the consumer group 3 makes a contract with the electric utility 2 accordingly. Do. And in the energy management system 1 which received the data regarding the contract contents from the consumer group 3 or the electric power company 2, the data regarding the contract contents are stored in the electric power company DB 150.

[2-3. Control of distributed power output]
As a result of the grouping including the distributed power supply Ab as described above, if the actual operation of the distributed power supply Ab is controlled, the maximum value of the power demand of the entire customer group 3 is positively controlled, and the power A reduction in fees can be realized. This will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. That is, after the contract is concluded, in the computer P3, current power demand data in the electric demand facilities Aa and Ba of the consumers A and B is measured and transmitted to the communication network N. In the energy management system 1, power demand data is extracted by the data extraction unit 101 from the data received by the communication control unit 180 (step 501), and is accumulated in the customer DB 130 as power demands of individual consumers A and B. And stored in the group-specific DB 140 as the power demand of the customer group 3 (step 502).

  The output command value calculation unit 113 refers to the contract data in the electric utility DB 150 and calculates the power generation output command value to the distributed power supply Ab so that the power demand of the customer group 3 does not exceed the contract power amount ( Step 503). The power generation output command value is stored in the output command value storage unit 160 (step 504), and is output by the data output unit 170 (step 505), and the customer A via the communication control unit 180 and the communication network N. To the computer P3 (the control device of the distributed power supply Ab) (step 506). Receiving this, the computer P3 controls the output of the distributed power supply Ab in the customer A based on the power generation output command value.

  A calculation example of the power generation output command value by the output command value calculation unit 113 will be described. First, usually, the electric power company 2 determines whether or not the amount of power used by the consumers A and B exceeds the contracted power at time intervals determined in the electricity supply menu, etc. Make a charge. Currently, it is generally performed in units of 30 minutes, and it is determined whether or not an excess of contract power has occurred based on the power consumption integrated value every 30 minutes. In other words, an instantaneous minute excess of contract power does not result in a penalty, but an excess of contract power at an integrated value of 30 minutes is penalized and an extra charge is charged. In many cases, the basic fee is increased by 50%.

  In order to cope with this, in the present embodiment, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6, excess output of contract power is prevented by calculating an output command value. That is, the cycle setting unit 114 sets a cycle (for example, 5 minutes) shorter than the time interval or time unit (for example, 30 minutes) defined in the power supply menu and the contract based on the menu (step 601). ). This setting may be set by a value desired by the administrator, such as set based on a value input from the input device, or by dividing the time interval by a predetermined value. Alternatively, it may be set automatically. For example, when a general time interval is fixedly set as “30 minutes”, for example, the period may be set as a default as “5 minutes”.

  And the electric power demand of the customer group 3 received via the communication network N is integrated | accumulated as electric power demand data according to group, and is stored in DB 140 according to group (step 602). Every time the set period arrives (step 603), the excess determination unit 102 determines whether or not the contract power is exceeded based on the power demand integrated value of the customer group 3 and the contract power amount. Determination is made (step 604). If it is determined that the power consumption exceeds the output power, the output command value calculation unit 113 determines that the power consumption in the integration of the time interval (for example, 30 minutes) exceeds the contract power according to the evaluation value corresponding to the degree of the excess. In order to avoid this, the output command value of the distributed power supply Ab is calculated (step 605). The calculated output command value is output and transmitted as described above (step 606).

  Further, due to some unforeseen circumstances, the excess determination unit 102 determines that the power consumption of the customer group 3 exceeds the contracted power consumption exceeding the time interval of 30 minutes (step 607). In such a case (step 608), a penalty is generated not only on the excess date but also on the entire basic charge for that month, so the output command value calculation unit 113 The excess power amount is regarded as the contract power amount (step 609), and the output command value of the distributed power supply Ab is calculated (step 610). The calculated output command value is output and transmitted as described above (step 611). As described above, in the energy management system 1, when the contract power excess occurs, the distributed power source Ab is operated in consideration of the penalty due to the excess.

[2-4. Recalculation of contract power consumption]
In addition, when determining the contract with the electric power company, the power amount calculation unit 111 in the energy management system 1 determines the optimum contract power including the condition for excess contract power. This is because the following relationship may be considered.
Penalty due to excess contract power <Basic charge reduction due to contract power reduction

  In other words, even if the basic charge is reduced by reducing the contract power, if it is often exceeded, the burden will be higher, so the reduction in contract power can be reduced and exceeded. There is a case where the effect of reducing the charge becomes higher if the penalty amount is reduced to reduce the penalty amount. For this reason, in the DB for each group 140, together with the power demand data for each group, the excess history in which a penalty is imposed, the amount of the penalty, etc. are recorded as penalty data, and based on this penalty data and the electricity supply menu, The power amount calculation unit 111 calculates the optimum contract power amount.

  An example of such processing will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. That is, as described above, the electric power company 2 and the customer group 3 conclude a contract based on a specific electric energy among a plurality of basic charges for each electric energy, and the contracted electric energy is It is stored as contract data in the provider DB (step 701). Based on this contract data, by actually operating for a certain period of time, the power demand data for each group is received and stored in the DB for each group 140 (step 702). When the excess determining unit 102 determines that there is an excess that becomes a penalty for each group (step 703), the excess history and the amount thereof are also stored as penalty data in the group-specific DB (step 704). .

  When the settlement period of the charge set in the contract has arrived (step 705), the charge calculation unit 115, based on the contract and the group-specific power demand data and penalty data accumulated during the period, The sum of the basic fee and the pay-as-you-go fee and the penalty amount is calculated (step 706). Payment of the customer group 3 during this period is made based on this. Then, when there is a penalty (step 707), the charge calculation unit 115 calculates the basic charge, the pay-as-you-go charge, and the penalty amount based on the power demand data when the contract power amount is different from the contract (step 707). Step 708). The power amount calculation unit 111 compares the actual charge with the charge based on another standard, and when the charge based on the other standard is low (step 709), the power amount calculation unit 111 calculates the power amount corresponding to the standard (step 710). ). This electric energy is output / transmitted to the customer group 3 and the electric power company 2 (step 711). When a contract based on the newly calculated power amount is made and received / stored (step 701), the processes of steps 702 to 711 are performed based on the new contract contents.

[2-5. Calculation of electricity demand forecast]
In addition, the electric power company 2 may own power generation facilities and generate electric power, but in addition to that, the electric power company 2 purchases electric power from an electric power company 2 other than itself (for example, a power generation company, an electric power market, etc.). In some cases, power is supplied to the consumers A and B with whom the self contracts. In order to reduce the price of the power to be supplied, the power supply from its own equipment and the procurement of power from other sources are executed in accordance with the demands of the consumers A and B with whom the electric power company 2 has contracted. There is a need.

  Therefore, the energy management system 1 provides information for supporting the electric power company 2 in accordance with the processing as shown in FIG. That is, as described above, when the electric power company 2 supplies power according to the contract with the customer group 3, the power demand data of the customer group 3 is received and stored in the group-specific DB 140 (step 801). ). Based on the past power demand accumulated in this way, the demand prediction calculation unit 112 calculates the power demand prediction of the customer group 3 (step 802). This group-specific demand forecast data is stored in the group-specific DB 140 (step 803).

  And when the electric power company 2 is receiving electric power supply from another electric power company (step 804), the procurement pattern preparation part 117 is based on the electric power supply menu of each electric power company 2, and at that time. The cheapest power procurement pattern (such as the supply ratio of other electric utilities 2) is calculated (step 805). For example, when there are a supplier α and a supplier β and the power unit price of the supplier α is low, the amount of procurement from the supplier α is calculated to be maximized. The procurement pattern calculated in this way is stored in the electric power supplier DB 150 (step 806).

  Further, the demand forecast data and the procurement pattern are output to the communication control unit 180 by the data output unit 170 (step 807) and transmitted to the computer P2 of the electric power company 2 by the communication control unit 180 (step 808). It can be used as support information for the electric power company 2 to perform power generation and power procurement at a lower cost. In addition, you may notify to the electric power company 2 including the operation information that the consumer group 3 is planning to use the power exceeding the contract power.

[2-6. Adjustment of power demand]
As described above, the electric power company 2 secures necessary electric power depending on whether to generate power by itself or to procure from the outside. Therefore, there is a limit to the power that can be secured, and the unit price of the secured power varies depending on the time zone and the amount of procurement. The electric power company 2 has contracts for power supply with a large number of consumers, and procures power according to the combined demand of all the consumers. However, from the viewpoint of procurement cost, the procurement cost may be reduced by slightly changing the combined demand of the consumer.

  Therefore, the energy management system 1 performs the following processing. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, when the electric power company 2 supplies power according to a contract with the consumer group 3, the power demand data of each consumer group 3 is received and stored in the group-specific DB 140. (Step 901). The reduction pattern creation unit 118 refers to the procurement pattern described above (step 902), and reduces the power demand based on the accumulated power demand data for each group. If reduction can be realized (step 903), a reduction pattern corresponding to this is created (step 904).

  For example, it is assumed that the combined demand at a certain time in the customer group 3 is 10,000 kW. At this time, there are a supplier α and a supplier β as power suppliers by the electric power company 2, and the power unit price of the supplier is low. Assuming that the upper limit of the power that can be procured from the supplier α is 9,500 kW, it is necessary to purchase the electric power from the supplier β having a high power unit price in order to satisfy the combined demand. However, if it is possible to adjust the power demand of the consumer group 3, the electric power company 2 can supply the supplier by reducing the demand of 500 kW by requesting the consumer group 3 or each of the consumers A and B. Electric power is procured only from α, and as a result, electric power can be supplied to the consumer group 3 at low cost.

  The reduction pattern created in this way is stored in the electric power supplier DB 150 and is transmitted to the computer P3 of the customer group 3 by being output by the data output unit 170 (step 905). Then, when information indicating that a contract based on this reduction pattern has been made between the customer group 3 and the electric utility 2 is received, or in the computer P3 of the customer group 3, a pre-set reduction possible range When the information indicating that the reduction is allowed is received, the output command value calculation unit 113 distributes the power demand of the customer group 3 so as to follow the specified reduction pattern. A power generation output command value to the power source Ab is calculated (step 906), and this power generation output command value is output / transmitted to the computer P3 (distributed power source control device) of the customer A (step 907). Accordingly, the consumer group 3 can make a cheaper power supply contract with the electric power company 2 and receive power supply based on this.

[2-7. Considering environmental impact]
Currently, environmental regulations are being strengthened, and in particular, reduction obligations and effort targets for carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) emissions have been set. In general, electricity users have promoted energy saving and reduced power consumption to reduce CO ₂ emissions. However, the unit price of emissions for purchasing CO ₂ emissions from purchased power is Is determined by what kind of device is used to generate power. For example, in diesel power generation using heavy oil, the CO ₂ emission unit price differs little from thermal power, but in gas engine power generation and gas turbine power generation, CO ₂ emission unit cost is lower than thermal power due to the use of natural gas. In power generation, even when hydrogen is extracted by natural gas reforming, the CO ₂ emission unit price is significantly lower than that of thermal power. In the case of solar power generation or wind power generation, the CO ₂ emission unit price is almost zero. For this reason, if it is the same power consumption (demand amount), the larger the proportion of green power with a small CO ₂ emission unit price, the more the impact on the environment can be reduced.

Therefore, the energy management system 1 contributes to the reduction of CO ₂ emission according to the process shown in FIG. That is, as described above, the electric power company 2 supplies power in accordance with a contract with the customer group 3, whereby the power demand data of each customer group 3 is received and stored in the group-specific DB 140 (steps). 1001). The green power amount determination unit 119 refers to the electricity supply menu (type of power generation facility, degree of influence on the environment, etc.) of the electric power supplier DB 150 (step 1002), and based on the accumulated power demand data for each group. Then, a power procurement pattern is created so that the proportion of power sources with low CO ₂ emissions is increased (step 1003).

For example, in the customer group 3, when the combined demand at a certain time is 10,000 kW, if the electric power company 2 can supply 200 W of power by the fuel cell power generation system, the fuel cell power generation for 200 W Create a procurement pattern to receive supply from the system. When the distributed power supply Ab is green power, a procurement pattern may be created so that the supply ratio increases. A target value necessary for clearing the CO ₂ reduction target may be set, and a procurement pattern may be created so as to conform to the target value. The procurement pattern is stored in the electric power supplier DB 150, is output to the communication control unit 180 by the data output unit 170, and is transmitted to the computer P2 of the electric power supplier 2 by the communication control unit 180 (step 1004).

  In this way, the electric power company 2 is urged to conclude a power supply contract with the consumer group 3 based on a power procurement pattern that has little influence on the environment. By sending such a procurement pattern to the customer group 3 as well, the contract may be smoothly concluded. A procurement pattern may be created such that the power supplier and the amount of power purchased by the electric power company 2 in the past are recorded, and the proportion of the power amount of the supplier that supplies the green power increases. As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide support information for preferentially selecting power generation / power procurement by the electric power company 2 from clean items that do not affect the environment.

[2-8. Fair distribution of burden]
Further, according to the present embodiment, the individual customers A and B forming the consumer group 3 can determine the individual demands based on the amount of power supplied from the electric power company 2 and the operation history / operating cost of the distributed power source Ab. It has a function of calculating a fair electricity charge for the houses A and B. That is, when the customer group 3 has a contract with the electric power company 2 related to power supply, the basic billing destination from the electric power company 2 is the customer group 3. Then, this basic charge must be divided into charges according to the electric power demand for each of the consumers A and B and collected from each of the consumers A and B.

  However, the customer A who owns and operates the distributed power supply Ab contributes to the customer group 3 as a whole by reducing the power demand of the customer group 3 as a whole and reducing the electricity charge. . Therefore, if the basic charge of the customer group 3 is calculated by a simple method such as dividing by the ratio of the power consumption amounts of the consumers A and B, it becomes unfair.

  Therefore, the energy management system 1 performs the following processing. That is, as described above, when the electric power company 2 supplies power according to a contract with the customer group 3, the power demand data of each customer group 3 is received and stored in the DB 140 for each group ( Step 1101). Then, based on the power demand data and distributed power supply data of the consumers constituting the consumer group 3, the contribution calculation unit 116 calculates the contribution of contract power reduction due to the operation of the distributed power supply Ab (step 1102). For example, based on the output command value of the distributed power supply stored in the output command value storage unit 160 and the operation data actually received and stored from the distributed power supply Ab, the supply of the distributed power accounted for the power demand of the customer group 3 You may obtain | require the ratio of electric power and calculate a contribution degree by the ratio.

  Then, the fee calculation unit 115 subtracts the amount according to this contribution from the basic fee that the customer who owns the distributed power supply Ab has to pay (step 1103). However, the fee is calculated so that the subtracted basic fee portion is borne by the customer B who does not own the distributed power supply Ab (step 1104). Further, the data relating to the charges calculated in this way is output by the data output unit 170 and transmitted to the customer group 3 (customers A and B) and the electric utility 2 (step 1105). As described above, in this embodiment, the power cost is distributed so that all the consumers A and B can obtain the benefits of grouping the consumers A and B equally.

[2-9. Response to unexpected situations]
Further, the present embodiment has a function of replanning the operation schedule of the distributed power supply Ab when the power generation output scheduled for the occurrence of a failure or the like in the distributed power supply Ab in the customer group 3 cannot be obtained. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, when the electric power company 2 supplies power in accordance with a contract with the customer group 3, the operation data of the distributed power supply Ab of each customer group 3 is received, and is stored in the customer DB 130. Stored (step 1201). When the abnormality determination unit 103 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the distributed power source Ab based on comparison with past operation data or a preset threshold value (step 1202), a procurement pattern is created. The unit 117 re-creates a procurement pattern so that the penalty fee calculated by the fee calculation unit 115 is minimized (step 1203). The procurement pattern created in this way is output by the data output unit 170 and transmitted to the consumer and the electric power company (step 1204).

  Further, the output command value calculation unit 113 calculates a power generation output command value to the distributed power supply Ab (step 1205), and this power generation output command value is output to the computer P3 (distributed power supply control device) of the consumer A. It is transmitted (step 1206). Therefore, even if the planned generated power cannot be obtained due to an unexpected abnormality of the distributed power source Ab, the penalty amount is determined on the condition of the remaining power generation surplus of the distributed power source Ab and the penalty to the electric power company 2. Recalculate the operation plan of the distributed power source Ab so that the power supply is minimized, and inform the electric power company 2 of the power demand of the customer group 3 based on the recalculated operation plan, and add the electric power of the electric power company 2 Procurement can be supported.

[Effect of the embodiment]
According to the present embodiment as described above, the consumers A and B are grouped so that the customer A having the distributed power source Ab is included and the reduction of the power demand can be achieved by reducing the power demand. Each customer group 3 can be urged to conclude a power supply contract with the electric power company 2, so individual contracts for each of the consumers A and B and mere grouping that does not consider the distributed power supply Ab In contrast, a reliable power demand reduction effect can be obtained. That is, when there is a customer A who owns the distributed power source Ab in the customer group 3, the contract power can be reduced by operating the distributed power source Ab so that the peak load of the entire customer group 3 is reduced. Can reduce the basic charge.

  In addition, based on the power demand data, the power generation output command value for the distributed power source Ab of the customer A is calculated so as to protect the power demand determined in advance in the contract, so that the distributed power source Ab can be controlled. It is possible to reduce the electricity bill by preventing the penalty. In particular, it is possible to more reliably prevent excess from contracted power by determining the excess of power demand and controlling the distributed power supply Ab in a cycle shorter than the time interval for determining the excess by the electric power company 2.

  Also, if the customer group 3 exceeds the contracted power amount due to unforeseen circumstances, the excess power amount is regarded as the reference contracted power amount and efficient operation considering the penalty Can reduce losses due to paying a penalty. If the power demand record of the customer group 3 can reduce the charge by setting the contract power amount higher than paying the penalty amount, it is necessary to calculate such power amount and prompt the contract by this. Because it can, the rate reduction effect will increase.

  Moreover, since the procurement pattern is created so that the power procurement cost of the electric power company 2 is lowered, the electric power company 2 can efficiently procure electric power, and the customer group 3 also has a low price. Can receive service. This makes it possible to review the contract volume in response to fluctuations in the electricity market and fuel prices. Then, if the procurement pattern is also transmitted to the customer group 3 and the customer group 3 uses this to create the power purchase schedule data and transmits it to the electric utility 2, the electric utility 2 is economical. It can be used as basic data for creating a power generation plan. In addition, if the contract power amount is reduced, a reduction pattern is created that can reduce the procurement cost. Based on this reduction pattern, the contract based on the reduced power amount is concluded, and the electric utility 2 and demand Contributes to the cost reduction of House Group 3.

In addition, a procurement pattern is created so that green power that has little impact on the environment is preferentially selected, so that it can actively contribute to the reduction of CO ₂ emissions. In addition, since the burden of the power charge is calculated in consideration of the contribution to the reduction of the power charge of the consumer A having the distributed power supply Ab, the inequality in the consumer group 3 is eliminated, and the energy management system 1 It leads to participation promotion. In addition, when an abnormality occurs in the distributed power source Ab and the planned power generation output cannot be obtained, a procurement pattern and a distributed power source output command are created and output so as to minimize the cost accordingly. So that losses in unforeseen circumstances can be minimized.

[Other Embodiments]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment as described above. Any equipment that can be used at present and in the future is applicable to the scale, number, type, etc. of power demand equipment, power plants, and distributed power sources. The power cost of various power sources can be calculated by, for example, purchase cost + fuel cost, but is not limited to such a calculation method. It is also possible to measure the efficiency (fuel-output characteristics) of various power sources online and create an operation plan using this.

Moreover, the distributed power supply in this invention should just be what can output-control, and can apply all the power generation equipment which can be used now or in the future. The green power includes a wide range of power that has little influence on the environment, and the degree of influence thereof, a standard for determining whether or not the power is green power, and the like can be freely set. For example, not only electric power that does not use fossil fuels such as wind power generation, solar power generation, biomass power generation, hydroelectric power generation, geothermal power generation, but also gas engines, gas turbines, fuel cells, etc. that use natural gas are included in green power Also good. In addition, as a standard, the CO ₂ emission cost according to the type of power generation is used as a standard, the CO ₂ emission amount according to the scale of power generation is used as a standard regardless of the type of power generation, or the power generation facilities managed by the system are compared. It is also possible to select a specific item or to use a combination of these as a reference. Furthermore, these standards can be freely converted into an information format suitable for processing, for example, by digitization.

  From the viewpoint of output control, the output of current solar cell power generation and wind power generation depends on the weather, so even if these are adopted as distributed power sources, there is a possibility that control according to demand cannot be performed. Therefore, it can be said that a gas turbine, a gas engine, a diesel engine, a fuel cell, and the like are suitable as the distributed power source. However, if it is used in combination with a power storage device such as a capacitor, it will not be affected by the weather, and output control can be easily performed regardless of the type of power generation equipment, so solar power generation, wind power generation, etc. The use of is also considered enough. From the above, as the distributed power source, a power source most suitable for the operator may be adopted from various viewpoints such as operation conditions, cost emphasis, power generation capacity, and environment emphasis.

  Further, the number of consumers, consumer groups, electric utilities, organizational forms, and the like are not limited to those exemplified in the above embodiment, and are free. And a part of function of an energy management system may be performed by a consumer group and an electric power company. Further, the energy management system may perform processing performed by the customer group or the electric power company side. For example, it is also possible for the computer constituting the energy management system to perform the cost collection work on behalf of the electric utility by performing processing such as billing, payment, and withdrawal via the network.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a network configuration example including an energy management system of the present invention. The functional block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the energy management system of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the example of an electric power demand synthetic | combination at the time of comprising a consumer group without considering a distributed power supply. Explanatory drawing which shows the electric power demand synthesis example of the consumer group in embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the control procedure of the distributed power supply output in embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the recalculation procedure of the contract electric energy in embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the recalculation procedure of the contract electric energy in embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the calculation procedure of the electric power demand prediction in embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the adjustment procedure of the electric power demand in embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the reduction procedure of the environmental influence degree in embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the distribution procedure of the charge burden in embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the process sequence at the time of abnormality of the distributed power supply in embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Energy management system 2 ... Electric power supplier 3 ... Consumer group 13 ... Distributed power sources 21, 22, 26 ... Electric power demand 23 ... Synthetic demand 25 ... Power generation output 100 ... Data input part 101 ... Data extraction part 102 ... Excess judgment part DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 103 ... Abnormality determination part 110 ... Calculation part 111 ... Electricity amount calculation part 112 ... Demand prediction calculation part 113 ... Output command value calculation part 114 ... Period setting part 115 ... Charge calculation part 116 ... Contribution calculation part 117 ... Procurement pattern creation part 118 ... Reduction pattern creation unit 119 ... Green power amount determination unit 120 ... Grouping processing unit 130 ... Customer DB
140 ... Group DB
150 ... Electricity supplier DB
160 ... Output command value storage unit 170 ... Data output unit 180 ... Communication control unit 210 ... Power plant 220 ... Substation facility 230 ... Power transmission network 240 ... Distribution network A, B ... Consumer Aa, Ba ... Electricity demand equipment Ab ... Distributed power source N ... Communication networks P2, P3 ... Computer

Claims (12)

Group data that stores group data collected in a customer group including at least one customer who owns or manages a distributed power source for a plurality of customers who manage or own the power demand facility that receives power supply from the power supply facility A storage unit;
For the customer group, a power demand data storage unit that stores power demand data of the power demand facility;
Based on the power demand data, an output command value calculation unit that calculates a power generation output command value for a distributed power source of the consumer group;
An energy management system characterized by comprising:   As a reference for calculation of the power generation output command value by the output command value calculation unit, a reference power amount storage unit that stores a reference power amount that should be an upper limit of power demand of the customer group for the power supply facility is provided. The energy management system according to claim 1. An excess determination unit for determining whether the power demand of the customer group exceeds the reference power amount; and
In the time unit in which an operator that owns or manages the power supply facility determines that the power demand from the reference power amount is exceeded, the excess determination is performed so that the power demand of the consumer group does not exceed the reference power amount. A cycle setting unit that sets a cycle shorter than the time unit as a cycle of determination by the unit and calculation by the output value calculation unit;
The energy management system according to claim 2, further comprising: A company that owns or manages the power supply facility, a total period storage unit that stores a total period of charge payment corresponding to the amount of power supplied;
An electric energy calculation unit that recalculates a reference electric energy during the counting period when the excess is determined by the excess determination unit beyond the time unit;
The energy management system according to claim 3, further comprising:   5. The method according to claim 2, further comprising a reduction pattern creation unit that creates a pattern that reduces a procurement cost of power supplied to the consumer group by reducing the reference power amount. The energy management system according to item 1.   The energy management system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a demand prediction calculation unit configured to calculate a power demand prediction of the consumer group based on the power demand data. A procurement cost storage unit for storing a procurement cost of power from the power supply facility and the distributed power source;
Based on the power demand data and the procurement cost, a procurement pattern creation unit that creates a procurement pattern of power to be supplied to the consumer group;
The energy management system according to claim 1, comprising: An impact storage unit for storing the impact on the environment of the power supply facility and the distributed power source; and
According to the degree of influence, among the power supplied to the power demand facility, a green power amount determination unit that determines the proportion of green power that has little impact on the environment,
The energy management system according to claim 1, wherein: Within the consumer group, a contribution degree calculation unit that calculates the contribution degree to the electricity charge reduction of the consumer who owns or manages the distributed power source, and
Based on the contribution degree, a charge calculation unit that calculates the burden of the power charge of each consumer in the consumer group,
The energy management system according to claim 1, wherein: An operational data storage for storing operational data of the distributed power source;
An abnormality determination unit that determines an abnormality of the distributed power source based on the operation data;
The energy management system according to claim 1, wherein the energy management system includes: A computer or electronic circuit
Storing group data grouped in a consumer group including at least one consumer who owns or manages a distributed power source for a plurality of consumers who manage or own power demand equipment that receives power supply from the power supply equipment; ,
For the customer group, storing power demand data of the power demand facility;
Calculating a power generation output command value for a distributed power source of the consumer group based on the power demand data. By controlling the computer
Group data collected in a customer group including at least one customer who owns or manages a distributed power source for a plurality of customers who manage or own power demand facilities that receive power supply from the power supply facility,
For the customer group, store the power demand data of the power demand facility,
A program for energy management, wherein a power generation output command value for a distributed power source of the consumer group is calculated based on the power demand data.

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