JP6297641B2 - 愛玩動物の癌の補助治療としてのHer2DNAワクチン - Google Patents
愛玩動物の癌の補助治療としてのHer2DNAワクチン Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、米国仮特許出願61/394,505(2010年10月19日出願)の権利を主張する。
本出願は、分化抗原依存癌の治療用組成物及びそのような組成物を用いる方法に関する。本発明は癌と密接な関係を有する異種分化抗原を含む組成物を利用して効果的な治療方法を提供する。
残念ながら、大半の事例で、個体の免疫系はそのような分化抗原に関して寛容を示し、有効な免疫応答を高めることができない。以下のいくつかの技術がこのチャレンジのために検討された:遺伝子アジュバントとしてのサイトカイン(Chang et al., 2004)、異種ワクチン免疫(Pupa et al., 2005)、エレクトロトランスファー(Quaglino et al., 2004)、化学療法との併用(Bernhardt et al., 2002)。結果は有望ではあったが、これらのアプローチが最良の治療方法の肝要成分と考えられるためにはより強力な有効性が要求された。さらにまた、最近の発見は、抗体及び細胞媒介免疫の両方が免疫後の腫瘍の根絶に必要であることを示し、このことは、この分野で成功が得られていないことを部分的に説明している(Orlandi et al., 2007)。
乳腺癌/腫瘍関連分化抗原を基にした治療用分化抗原を本発明にしたがって用い、例えば乳腺癌を罹患する対象動物で外科的腫瘍除去後に前記癌が治療される。本発明のある実施態様では、異種チロシンキナーゼレセプター(例えばラットチロシンキナーゼレセプター)を適切なプロモーターの制御下でコードする配列を含むプラスミドが対象動物に投与される。例えば、ラットチロシンキナーゼレセプターをコードするDNA配列を含むプラスミドを用いてイヌを治療し、顕著な臨床効果が得られた。
本発明は、乳腺関連分化抗原に対する免疫応答を刺激することによって、対象動物で乳腺腫瘍を治療する方法を提供する。前記対象動物は好ましくはイヌ又はネコであるが、ただし本発明は、他の動物種(好ましくは哺乳動物又はトリの種)にも同様に応用できる。
本出願の明細書及び特許請求の範囲で用いられるように、“免疫応答”という用語は細胞性及び液性免疫応答の両方を包含する。好ましくは、前記免疫応答は、標的分化抗原を発現する腫瘍の増殖に対抗する免疫防御を提供するために十分である。“刺激する”という用語は新規な免疫応答の最初の刺激又は既に存在する免疫応答の強化を意味する。
本発明にしたがえば、対象動物は、当該対象動物の乳腺腫瘍細胞によって発現される標的分化抗原と同じタイプの異種分化抗原を、免疫応答の刺激に有効な量で投与することによって治療される。したがって、例えば、標的分化抗原が乳腺細胞で見出されるHer2/neu抗原である場合、治療用抗原は異種Her2/neu抗原である。
別の実施態様では、本発明の方法は、転移が存在しない(すなわち乳癌進行の比較的初期)対象動物(愛玩動物を含む)で実施される。
いくつかの実施態様では、追加免疫は、異種抗原(例えばラットHer2タンパク質(配列番号:2)をコードするもの)をコードするプラスミドを投与する工程を含む。
いくつかの実施態様では、追加免疫は異種分化抗原を投与する工程を含む。
異種分化抗原は供給源生物から誘導した精製分化抗原として投与できる。タンパク質はこの目的のためにカラムクロマトグラフィーによる方法を用いて細胞溶解物から精製できる。この目的のためのタンパク質はまた、組換え供給源から、例えば所望の生成物を発現する細菌若しくは酵母菌クローン又は哺乳動物若しくは昆虫細胞株から精製してもよい。
本明細書に引用した全文献は参照によりその全体が本明細書に含まれる。
本発明は、これから以下の非限定的実施例を参考にしながらさらに詳しく記述されるであろう。
ラットHER2/neuの細胞外ドメイン(配列番号:1のヌクレオチド17−3799)を、フォワードプライマー(5'-CGAAGCTTACCATGGAGCTGGCGGCCTGG-3';配列番号:6)及びリバースプライマー(5'-CGGAATTCTTATGTCACCGGGCTGGC-3';配列番号:7)を用いpCMVneuNT(Amici et al., 1998)からPCRによって増幅させた。HindIII-EcoRIフラグメントをpcDNA3.1(+) (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA; 及び図2)でクローニングした。ラットのneu cDNAの本来の配列は以前に報告され(Bargmann et al., 1986)、本明細書では配列番号:1(ヌクレオチド17から3799のコード配列を含む)に示す。続いてラットのHER2/neuコード配列をpINGベクター(Bergman et al., Clin Cancer Res, 9: 1284-1290, 2003;骨格は図3に示し、マップは図3に示し、配列は配列番号:5に示す)でサブクローニングしてラットHER2/neu-pINGを得る。
この試みでは、MGTを有する10匹のイヌを登録し、1回分用量当たり100μgのpING-rHer2 DNAで免疫した。これらのイヌの個体判別は表1に腫瘍の病期は表2に示す。
表1:試験動物の特徴
無病生存期間及び全生存期間をコントロールグループについて計算し、図1A−1Cで提示する。
pING-rHer2ワクチンで処置した全てのイヌの全生存期間中央値は678日である。この値は、NTUによって提供された19匹のイヌの経過データ(全生存期間中央値は300日であることを示している)、及びPhilibertら(2003)の発表したデータ(病期II又はそれより進んだMGTを有するイヌの生存期間は424日であることを示している)と比較して有意に長かった。
pING-rHer2 DNAワクチンは、既存のHer2組織発現アッセイを用いる腫瘍組織分析によりHer2抗原を過剰発現することを示す腫瘍を有するイヌ及びネコを標的とするであろう。本ワクチンは、VetjetTM経皮装置を用いて投与され、100μgのDNAをイヌの内側大腿又はネコの外側大腿に、2週間間隔で4回デリバーするであろう。生存しているイヌ又はネコには6ヶ月毎に追加免疫用量が投与されるであろう。
これから本発明は以下の非限定的な特許請求の範囲によって記述されるであろう。
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Claims (10)
- Her2/neu抗原を発現する乳腺細胞を含むイヌ乳癌/乳房腫瘍を罹患するイヌでイヌ乳癌/乳房腫瘍を治療する方法であって
a)外科的に前記癌/腫瘍を減量手術すること、および、
b)異種Her2/neu抗原のイヌでの発現を促進するプロモーターの制御下に前記異種Her2/neu抗原をコードするDNA配列を含む第一のプラスミドの臨床的に有効な量をイヌに投与することを含み、
前記第一のプラスミドを投与されたイヌが、続く前記プラスミドの投与無しで前記外科的減量手術を受けたイヌに対して、増大した全生存期間、無病生存期間および/または無転移生存期間を示し、それによって前記癌/腫瘍を治療し、
前記DNA配列によってコードされる前記異種Her2/neu抗原が配列番号:2に示すアミノ酸配列を含む、
前記方法。 - さらにエレクトロトランスファー/エレクトロポレーションにより追加免疫を施す工程を含み、前記追加免疫が第一のプラスミド、又は、配列番号:1、配列番号:3若しくは4によってコードされる異種Her2/neuを含む異種Her2/neuをイヌにおいてin vivoで発現することができる第二のプラスミド、であるか、又はHer2/neu関連癌によって発現されるHer2/neuに対して治療的に有効な免疫応答を誘引できる任意のHer2/neuタンパク質をin vivoで発現できる組換えベクターである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 1)第一のプラスミドが、針を使用せずに投与され、
2)第一のプラスミドが配列番号:2に示す配列を含むポリペプチドをイヌでin vivoにて発現することができ、および/または、
3)追加免疫が第二のプラスミドまたはベクターを投与する工程を含む、
請求項2に記載の方法。 - 追加免疫が、3−6カ月毎に1回生存イヌに提供される、請求項2又は3に記載の方法。
- 第一のプラスミドが非ウイルス性プラスミドである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 乳腺腫瘍(MGT)の切除と同時に実施される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 配列番号:2に示すタンパク質からなる異種乳腺癌関連分化抗原を免疫学的に有効な量でイヌでin vivoにて発現することができる、配列番号5に記載の配列を含むベクター。
- 追加免疫が少なくとも1回、または一定の間隔で行われる、請求項2記載の方法。
- a)平均全生存期間が、プラスミドを投与されなかったイヌに比較して前記プラスミドを投与されたイヌにおいて少なくとも100日長い、
b)平均無病生存期間が、プラスミドを投与されなかったイヌに比較して前記プラスミドを投与されたイヌにおいて少なくとも200日長い、および/または、
c)平均無転移生存期間が、プラスミドを投与されなかったイヌに比較して前記プラスミドを投与されたイヌにおいて少なくとも200日長い、
請求項1または8記載の方法。 - 3種類の生存期間がプラスミドを投与されなかったイヌに比較して、前記プラスミドを投与されたイヌにおいてそれぞれ、100日、200日および200日長い、請求項9記載の方法。
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