JP6296995B2 - アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患の治療及び/又は予防用の医薬組成物 - Google Patents
アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患の治療及び/又は予防用の医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
(I-1) ILEI、又はILEIをコードするポリヌクレオチドが挿入されたベクターを含む、アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患の治療及び/又は予防用の医薬組成物。
(I-2) アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患がアルツハイマー病である、(I-1)に記載の医薬組成物。
(I-3) アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患の治療及び/又は予防用の医薬組成物の製造における、ILEI、又はILEIをコードするポリヌクレオチドが挿入されたベクターの使用。
(II-1) 以下の工程を含む、アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患を治療及び/又は予防するための化合物のスクリーニング方法:
(1) ILEIを発現する細胞に候補となる化合物を接触させる工程、及び
(2) 候補となる化合物が存在しない場合と比較し、ILEIの発現レベルを増加させる化合物を選択する工程。
(II-2) アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患がアルツハイマー病である、(II-1)に記載のスクリーニング方法。
(III-1) 以下の工程を含む、ILEIと類似の活性を有する、アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患を治療及び/又は予防するための化合物のスクリーニング方法:
(1) アミロイドβタンパク質を産生する細胞に候補となる化合物を接触させる工程、及び
(2) 候補となる化合物が存在しない場合と比較し、Notch切断を阻害せず、アミロイドβタンパク質産生を減少させ且つAPP-CTF (amyloid-β precursor protein C-terminal fragment)を減少させる化合物を選択する工程。
(III-2) アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患がアルツハイマー病である、(III-1)に記載のスクリーニング方法。
(IV-1) ILEI、又はILEIをコードするポリヌクレオチドが挿入されたベクターを投与することを特徴とするアミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患の治療及び/又は予防方法。
(IV-2) アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患がアルツハイマー病である、(IV-1)に記載の治療及び/又は予防方法。
本発明者らは、γセクレターゼ複合体に結合するタンパク質をスクリーニングし、その一つとしてILEIを同定した。そして、培養細胞に用いた解析から、当該ILEIが、(i)Aβ産生を減少させる、(ii)γセクレターゼ複合体に結合するが、その活性には影響を与えない、(iii)Aβ産生の中間産物APP-C99の細胞内レベルを減少させる、(iv)Notch切断を阻害しない、(v)トランジェニック技術によりマウスに強制発現させると脳Aβを減少させること等を見出した。
本願発明は、アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患の治療及び/又は予防用の医薬組成物であって、ILEI、又はILEIをコードするポリヌクレオチドが挿入されたベクターを含むことを特徴とする。
本発明のアミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患を治療及び/又は予防するための化合物のスクリーニング方法は、以下の工程を含むことを特徴とする:
(1) ILEIを発現する細胞に候補となる化合物を接触させる工程、及び
(2) 候補となる化合物が存在しない場合と比較し、ILEIの発現レベルを増加させる化合物を選択する工程。
本発明のILEIと類似の活性を有する、アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患を治療及び/又は予防するための化合物のスクリーニング方法は、以下の工程を含むことを特徴とする:
(1) アミロイドβタンパク質を産生する細胞に候補となる化合物を接触させる工程、及び
(2) 候補となる化合物が存在しない場合と比較し、Notch切断を阻害せず、アミロイドβタンパク質産生を減少させ且つAPP-CTFを減少させる化合物を選択する工程。
(a) 候補となる化合物を細胞に接触させた場合のアミロイドβタンパク質産生を、候補となる化合物が存在していない場合と比較し、10%以上、好ましくは25%以上、より好ましくは50%以上、更に好ましくは75%以上減少していた場合:
(b) 候補となる化合物を細胞に接触させた場合のAPP-CTFを、候補となる化合物が存在していない場合と比較し、10%以上、好ましくは25%以上、より好ましくは50%以上、更に好ましくは75%以上減少していた場合:
(c) 候補となる化合物を細胞に接触させた場合のNotch切断レベルを、候補となる化合物が存在していない場合と比較し、低下無し、好ましくは10%以上には低下していなかった場合。
<プラスミド>
ストップコドンを持つ又は持たないILEI/FAM3CをコードするcDNAは、ヒト脳cDNAライブラリー(Clontech)からPCRを使用して増幅し、pcDNA6/V5-His (Invitrogen)に挿入した。ILEIノックダウンベクターを構築するために、オリゴヌクレオチド5'-GGAGAAGUAUUAGACACU-3'をpSUP (Oligoengine)に挿入した。siRNA抵抗性ILEIのための発現プラスミドを調製するために、PCRに基づく部位特異的突然変異導入法を使用して5つの中立的変異をILEI cDNAに導入した。全ての構築物の配列は、シークエンシングによって確認した。
抗ヒトILEIポリクローナル抗体(ILEI-C)は、N末端に追加したCys残基にチログロブリンを結合させたILEIのアミノ酸残基126-143に対応する合成ポリペプチド(C+GGDVAPFIEFLKAIQDGT)に対してウサギで産生させた。この抗体は、固定化抗原を有するイムノアフィニティークロマトグラフィーを使用して精製した。次の抗体も使用した:ウサギポリクローナル抗APP-CTF抗体及びマウスモノクローナル抗βアクチン抗体(Sigma); マウスモノクローナル抗Notch-1抗体(AbD Serotec); マウスモノクローナル抗ヒトAβ抗体(4G8, Covance)。
次のsiRNA二重鎖をDharmaconから購入した:ILEIノックダウンのためのsiGENOME SMART pool M-020514及び非標的コントロールのためのD001210。M-020514 poolは次の配列を標的とする4つの二重鎖からなっていた:F1: 5'-GAACAGCACAUAAAGAACA-3'; F2: 5'-GGAGAAGUAUUAGACACUA-3'; F3:5'-GGAGCACAUCUAUUACUAA-3'; F4: 5'-GAACAAUAAGGAUACAAAC-3'。siRNA二重鎖はリポフェクタミンRNAi MAX (Invitrogen)を使用して培養細胞に導入された。
脳ホモジネートは、1% Nonidet P40を含むバッファー(25 mM HEPES, pH7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 2 mM EDTA, protease inhibitor cocktail及び10%グリセロール)中で溶解した。イムノブロッティングは、以前に報告したように行った(Nishimura, M., et al. Nat Med 5, 164-169 (1999))。
マウスの脳の左半分を4℃で24時間、リン酸バッファー4%パラホルムアルデヒド中で固定し、クリオスタットで20μm厚さのフローティングセクションとして切断した。切片は30分間PBS 0.3%H2O2中でインキュベートし、それから24時間4℃で各々の一次抗体と、その後、ビオチン化二次抗体、次にアビジン/ビオチン化西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼ複合体(Vector Laboratories)でインキュベートした。免疫反応は、0.003% H2O2と0.5 mg ml-1硫酸ニッケルアンモニウム六水和物を含む0.03% 3,3’-ジアミノベンジジン四塩酸塩を使用して検出した。
遺伝子導入ベクターpMoPrP-ILEIは、神経細胞特異的発現のためのマウスプリオンプロモーターを含むMoPrPベクターのXhoI部位にヒトILEI cDNAのXhoI-XhoIフラグメントをサブクローニングすることによって構築した。遺伝子導入マウスは、標準的な技術を用いてC57BL/6マウス受精卵にpMoPrP-ILEI DNAを注入することによって産生した。初代遺伝子導入個体は、PCRを用いて同定した(下記参照)。遺伝子導入マウスの遺伝型は、次の導入遺伝子特異的プライマー対を使用したPCRによって決定した:mPrP-s 5'-CTGCTCCATTTTGCGTGACTC-3'及びhFAM3C-as 5'-CTTCCAGGCAGATTTTGGGTC-3'。
細胞からの分泌Aβの測定は、当該細胞培養液を用いヒトAβ40及びAβ42特異的ELISA (和光純薬工業)によった。
統計的評価は、スチューデントのunpaired t検定を使用して行った。データは、平均±s.d. (標準偏差)で表している。統計学的有意性は、*p < 0.05又は**p < 0.01で定義した。
コントロール又はILEI特異的siRNAをHEK293細胞に一過性に形質移入した。培養液中のAβ40(黒)及びAβ42(グレー)をELISAを用いて測定した(図1a)。図1aから、HEK293細胞における内在性ILEIのRNAi媒介ノックダウンにより、制限培地中でAβ40とAβ42レベルが約2倍になるという結果になった。
安定的にILEIをノックダウンしたHEK293細胞の培養液中に、示された濃度(μg ml-1)の精製ILEI-Hisを添加した。結果を図2に示す。精製ILEI-Hisの投与は、用量依存的にAβ分泌を減少させた。濃度7μg ml-1では、siRNA抵抗性ILEI cDNAの導入と同程度にAβ分泌を減少させた。
哺乳類の脳におけるILEI過剰発現の結果を分析するため、脳でヒトILEI cDNA導入遺伝子の発現を顕著に促進するためにマウスプリオン(PrP)プロモーターを使用したトランスジェニック(Tg)マウスを開発した。ヘテロ接合性のTgマウスは、形態異常が無く通常の成長及び生殖能力を示した。
Claims (7)
- ILEI (interleukin-like epithelial-mesenchymal transition inducer)、又はILEIをコードするポリヌクレオチドが挿入されたベクターを含む、アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患の治療及び/又は予防用の医薬組成物。
- アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患がアルツハイマー病である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 以下の工程を含む、アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患を治療及び/又は予防するための化合物のスクリーニング方法:
(1) ILEIを発現する細胞に候補となる化合物を接触させる工程、及び
(2) 候補となる化合物が存在しない場合と比較し、ILEIの発現レベルを増加させる化合物を選択する工程。 - アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患がアルツハイマー病である、請求項3に記載のスクリーニング方法。
- 以下の工程を含む、ILEIと類似の活性を有する、アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患を治療及び/又は予防するための化合物のスクリーニング方法:
(1) アミロイドβタンパク質を産生する細胞に候補となる化合物を接触させる工程、及び
(2) 候補となる化合物が存在しない場合と比較し、Notch切断を阻害せず、アミロイドβタンパク質産生を減少させ且つAPP-CTF (amyloid-β precursor protein C-terminal fragment)を減少させる化合物を選択する工程。 - アミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患がアルツハイマー病である、請求項5に記載のスクリーニング方法。
- ILEI、又はILEIをコードするポリヌクレオチドが挿入されたベクターを非ヒト哺乳動物に投与することを特徴とするアミロイドβタンパク質が異常に蓄積する疾患の治療及び/又は予防方法。
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