JP6295850B2 - Information processing apparatus, information processing method, and information processing program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an information processing apparatus, an information processing method, and an information processing program.

  In a factory plant, information of various sensors such as a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, or events detected from the sensors are collected and recorded via a network. The sensor information collected and recorded or the event detected from the sensor is used for improving the quality of the product or analyzing the failure at the time of malfunction.

  In addition, by recording sensor information such as the driver's operation in the car, vehicle speed, battery, intake pressure sensor related to fuel injection, crank sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor, etc., you can check the normal operation of the equipment, It is possible to investigate the malfunction of equipment.

  A technique for transmitting data detected by the various sensors described above to an information processing apparatus used for data analysis or the like is already known.

  For example, a technique is already known in which data transmitted from a sensor is transmitted by inserting a time acquired from a timer that manages the time (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, a technique for synchronizing time between a sensor and an information processing apparatus is already known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  According to the above-described conventional technology, the user can know the time when the sensor acquires data or the time when the sensor transmits data.

  However, network congestion may occur due to an increase in the amount of data flowing on the network. Variations in data arrival timing occur due to variations in data transmission delay time. For this reason, there has been a problem that there is a difference between the time when the sensor acquires data and the time when the information processing apparatus records the data in the log acquired via the network. As a result, when processing data from the sensor, there is a problem that effective processing cannot be performed because information on the network state such as the instability of delay is not recorded. For example, when an accident occurs in a factory, there are cases where effective verification cannot be performed even when the accident is verified using log data.

  The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an information processing apparatus, an information processing method, and an information processing program capable of reflecting a network state in log data. There is.

  In order to achieve the above object, for example, an information processing apparatus that communicates with a terminal connected via a network receives data between a receiving means that receives message data from the terminal, and the terminal and the information processing apparatus. Measurement means for measuring a delay time indicating a time from transmission to arrival, statistical information generation means for generating statistical information on the measured delay time, and the message data is transmitted based on the statistical information Transmission time calculation means for calculating the received time, and log data generation means for generating log data including the message data, the transmission time, and the statistical information.

  In one aspect of the present invention, data obtained from a sensor or the like via a network can be appropriately and appropriately processed by reflecting the state of the network in log data.

It is a figure which shows the system configuration example of the log generation system in this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the hardware structural example of the information processing apparatus in this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the function structural example of the information processing apparatus in a log production | generation system. It is a sequence diagram which shows the flow of a time synchronization and delay time measurement using PTP performed between an information processing apparatus and a sensor device. It is a figure which shows the function structural example of the information processing apparatus in the modification 1. FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a procedure of processing in which an information processing apparatus according to Modification 2 generates log data.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.

  The log generation system 1 includes an information processing device 2, a log recording device 3, and a sensor device 4. The information processing apparatus 2 and the sensor devices 4a and 4b are connected via the network N1. The network N1 is, for example, a LAN (Local Area Network). The information processing device 2 and the log recording device 3 are connected via a network N2. The network N2 is, for example, the Internet. The sensor device 4a and the sensor device 4b are referred to as the sensor device 4 when they are not distinguished from each other.

  The information processing apparatus 2 receives message data including information detected by the sensor device 4 from the sensor device 4. The information processing apparatus 2 calculates the time when the message data is transmitted from the sensor device 4 based on the delay time of data transmission / reception with the sensor device 4. The information processing apparatus 2 includes the statistical information regarding the calculated message data transmission time and the delay time of the message data in the message data received from the sensor device 4. The statistical information includes information such as an average value, standard deviation, and variance regarding the delay time. The information processing device 2 transmits log data to the log data recording device 3.

  The information processing apparatus 2 is, for example, a PC (Personal Computer), a tablet PC, or the like.

  The log recording device 3 stores log data transmitted from the information processing device 2. The log recording device 3 is a storage (file server) connected to a network such as NAS (Network Attached Storage). Note that the log recording device 3 may be included in the information processing device 2.

  The sensor device 4 transmits message data including the detected information to the information processing apparatus. The sensor device 4 is, for example, a temperature sensor or a pressure sensor.

  Note that the number of components such as the information processing apparatus 2 in the log generation system 1 may be smaller or larger than the example illustrated in FIG.

<Hardware configuration>
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of the information processing apparatus 2 according to the present embodiment.

  The information processing apparatus 2 includes an input unit 201, an output unit 202, a drive 203, an interface 205, an auxiliary storage unit 206, a memory 207, and a CPU 208, which are connected by a bus B. A storage medium 204 is connected to the drive 203.

  The input unit 201 is used for inputting various signals, and includes a keyboard, a mouse, and the like.

  The output unit 202 includes a display and is used to display various windows and data.

  The drive 203 is used for reading or writing data from a storage medium.

  As the storage medium 204, various types of storage media such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disk-Read Only Memory), a magneto-optical disk, and a semiconductor memory such as a flash memory can be used.

  The interface 205 is used for connecting to a network, and includes a modem, a LAN card, and the like.

  The auxiliary storage unit 206 is used to store programs, files, data, and the like necessary for execution of processing, and includes a hard disk drive and the like.

  The memory 207 is used for temporarily storing programs and information for executing arithmetic processing, and includes a semiconductor memory or the like.

  The CPU 208 is used to execute various processes in accordance with programs stored in the memory device.

  When the storage medium storing the program is set in the drive 203, the program is installed from the storage medium 204 to the auxiliary storage unit 206 via the drive 203. The installation of the program is not limited to being performed by a storage medium, and may be performed by downloading the program via a network.

  The memory 207 reads the program from the auxiliary storage unit 206 in response to the activation request from the CPU 208 and stores it in the memory 207. Then, the CPU 208 executes various arithmetic processes according to the program stored in the memory 207.

<Functional configuration example>
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of the information processing apparatus 2 in the log generation system 1.

  The information processing apparatus 2 includes a communication control unit 21, a delay time measurement unit 22, a statistical information generation unit 23, a log data generation unit 24, and a clock management unit 25. Each functional unit is realized by an LSI (Large Scale Integration) equipped with hardware logic or a program executed by a CPU.

  The communication control unit 21 controls communication with an external device such as reception of message data from the sensor device 4 and transmission of generated log data to the log recording device 3.

  The delay time measuring unit 22 measures a data delay time between the information processing apparatus 2 and the sensor device 4. Data delay time is measured using, for example, PTP (Precision Time Protocol) used for time synchronization.

  Further, the delay time measuring unit 22 may periodically measure the delay time at a predetermined timing. The timing for measuring the delay time is, for example, a timing synchronized with the time using PTP. The delay time measuring unit 22 stores the measured delay time in a storage area such as the memory 207. As the delay time to be stored, only the delay time of a predetermined period may be recorded, such as for data received 10 minutes before the current time.

  The statistical information generation unit 23 generates statistical information. The statistical information includes information items such as “average value”, “standard deviation”, and “variance”.

  The “average value” is information indicating the average delay time of data between the information processing apparatus 2 and the sensor device 4. The average delay time is, for example, a weighted average. The average value μ is calculated by the following (Equation 1). (Equation 1) represents an average value μ at the time k of the past M delay times up to the time k when the delay time in the item k is Tk.

「標準偏差」は、情報処理装置２とセンサデバイス４との間におけるデータ伝送の遅延時間の標準偏差を示す情報である。標準偏差σは、（数２）によって算出される。

“Standard deviation” is information indicating the standard deviation of the delay time of data transmission between the information processing apparatus 2 and the sensor device 4. The standard deviation σ is calculated by (Equation 2).

「分散」は情報処理装置２とセンサデバイス４との間におけるデータ伝送の遅延時間の分散を示す情報である。分散νは、（数３）によって算出される。

“Dispersion” is information indicating dispersion of delay time of data transmission between the information processing apparatus 2 and the sensor device 4. The variance ν is calculated by (Equation 3).

統計情報生成部２３は、遅延時間計測部２２によって計測された遅延時間の集合を用いて、統計情報に含まれる各項目の値を算出する。統計情報に含まれる各項目の値の算出は、遅延時間の集合のすべてを利用する必要はなく、一部の集合だけを抽出して値の算出を行ってもよい。

The statistical information generation unit 23 calculates the value of each item included in the statistical information using the set of delay times measured by the delay time measurement unit 22. Calculation of the value of each item included in the statistical information does not need to use the entire set of delay times, and the value may be calculated by extracting only a part of the set.

  The log data generation unit 24 generates log data. The log data includes message data transmitted from the sensor device 4 and statistical information generated by the statistical information generation unit 23.

  In addition, the log data generation unit 24 calculates the time when the message data is transmitted from the sensor device 4. Then, the log data generation unit 24 includes the calculated transmission time of the message data in the log data. The transmission time is calculated, for example, by subtracting the average delay time included in the statistical information from the time when the information processing apparatus 2 receives the message data. For the calculation of the transmission time, a probability density function based on statistical information may be used.

  Further, even when the time when the sensor device 4 generates message data is included in the message data itself, the transmission time calculated by the log data generation unit 24 may be included in the log data. Thereby, when message data is received from a plurality of sensor devices, log data can be generated in which time lag for each sensor device is eliminated as much as possible.

  The clock management unit 25 controls clock synchronization between the sensor device 4 and the information processing apparatus 2. The clock management unit 25 operates as a master clock. The clock management unit 25 transmits information necessary for time synchronization in accordance with a request from the sensor device 4. Detailed operation of clock synchronization between the sensor device 4 and the information processing apparatus 2 will be described later.

  With the configuration described above, the information processing apparatus 2 can include the network communication state in a predetermined period in the log data. Thereby, the user can analyze log data in consideration of the communication state of the network.

<Processing operation>
FIG. 4 is a sequence diagram showing a flow of time synchronization and delay time measurement using PTP performed between the information processing apparatus 2 and the sensor device 4.

  In the present embodiment, the information processing apparatus 2 has a master clock. The sensor device 4 has a slave clock. Note that the present embodiment is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the sensor device 4 may have a master clock and the information processing apparatus 2 may have a slave clock.

In step S1, the information processing apparatus 2 acquires the value _{T M1} of the master clock, the _Sync, and transmits the grant _{T M1} to the sensor device 4. In addition, the sensor device 4 acquires a slave clock value T _S2 indicating the time when the Sync is received.

In step _S <b> 2, the sensor device 4 assigns the Sync reception time T _S <b> ₂ and the Delay Request transmission time T _S <b> 3 to the Delay Request, and transmits the Delay Request to the information processing apparatus 2. Further, the information processing apparatus 2 acquires T _M4 indicating the time when the DelayRequest is received from the master clock. Note that the transmission time T _{S2 of} Sync may be attached to different data and sent to the information processing apparatus 2.

In step S3, the information processing apparatus 2, by applying the _{T M4} to DelayResponse, transmits to the sensor device 4.

  In step S <b> 4, the sensor device 4 calculates a clock shift (offset) from the information processing apparatus 2 and corrects the slave clock of the sensor device 4.

  In step S <b> 5, the information processing apparatus 2 calculates a delay time between the information processing apparatus 2 and the sensor device 4. Thereafter, the information processing device 2 stores the calculated delay time in a storage area of the information processing device 2 such as a memory device.

Here, a method for calculating the delay time executed by the information processing apparatus 2 will be described. The information processing apparatus 2 calculates the delay time of the message data using the acquired T _M1 , T _S2 , T _s3 , and T _M4 .

Assume that the slave clock is delayed by OFFSET relative to the master clock. T _S1 = T _M1 + OFFSET and T _S3 = T _M3 + OFFSET.

Here, the time from when the information processing apparatus 2 transmits data to the sensor device 4 until the sensor device 4 receives the data is defined as D _{M → S.} In addition, the time from when the sensor device 4 transmits data to the information processing apparatus 2 until the information processing apparatus 2 receives the data is represented by _{DS → M.}

T _S2 indicating the time when the sensor device 4 receives Sync is expressed as T _S2 = T _M1 + OFFSET + D _{M → S.}

Also, T _M4 indicating the time at which the information processing apparatus 2 receives the Delay Request is represented as T _M4 = T _S3 −OFFSET + D _{S → M.}

From the above, the time D _{M → S} + D _{S → M} required for the data to reciprocate is shown as _{DM → S} + DS _{→ M} = ((T _S2 −T _M1 ) + (T _M4 −T _S3 )). It is.

Here, it is assumed that the delay time D _{M → S} from the information processing apparatus 2 to the sensor device 4 is equal to the delay time D _{S → M} from the sensor device 4 to the information processing apparatus 2. As a result, the time D _{S → M} from when the sensor device 4 transmits data to the information processing apparatus 2 until the information processing apparatus 2 receives the data is D _{S → M} = ((T _S2 −T _M1 ). + (T _M4 −T _S3 )) / 2.

  The information processing apparatus 2 stores the delay time calculated by the calculation method described above and uses it for generating statistical information.

<Modification 1>
Modification 1 of the above-described embodiment will be described. In the first modification, a configuration for calculating the delay time using an echo protocol without using PTP will be described. Note that items different from the embodiment will be described, and the same items are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

  The delay time measuring unit 22 measures the delay time using ping (Packet Internet Groper) or the like. In the measurement of the delay time, the transmission time of “echo request” of ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) and the reception time of “echo reply” which is a response of “echo request” are recorded. Thereafter, the delay time measuring unit 22 sets a value obtained by dividing a value obtained by subtracting the transmission time of “echo request” from the time of receiving “echo reply” by 2, as the delay time.

  By having the above-described configuration, even when the sensor device 4 does not have a clock, the information processing apparatus 2 can generate log data reflecting the network state.

<Modification 2>
Modification 2 of the above-described embodiment will be described. In the second modification, a configuration including a determination unit 26 that determines whether or not a set of delay times follows a normal distribution will be described. Note that items different from the embodiment will be described, and the same items are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of the information processing apparatus 2 according to the second modification.

  The determination unit 26 determines whether or not the set of delay times measured by the delay time measurement unit 22 follows a normal distribution. By determining whether or not the normal distribution is followed, the quality of the network N1 can be evaluated. The determination as to whether or not to follow the normal distribution is made, for example, by comparing each of skewness and kurtosis with a predetermined threshold value.

  The statistical information generation unit 23 calculates “distortion” and “kurtosis” in addition to the information items shown in the embodiment.

The “distortion” is information indicating asymmetry regarding the distribution of the set of delay times. The “distortion” is calculated by the equation of m ₃ / σ ³ using the third moment (the cube of the expected value) m ₃ = E ((x−μ) ³ ).

The “kurtosis” is information indicating the sharpness of the distribution of the set of delay times. The “kurtosis” is calculated by the equation of m ₄ / σ ⁴ using the fourth moment (the fourth power of the expected value) m ₄ = E ((x−μ) ⁴ ).

  When it is determined that the set of delay times follows a normal distribution, it is determined that the quality of the network N2 is stable. In this case, statistical information regarding the delay time such as the average value, standard deviation, and variance can be used as information indicating the actual state of the delay time in the network. The log data generation unit 24 includes the values calculated as the items of statistical information in the log data.

  If it is determined that the set of delay times does not follow the normal distribution, it is determined that the quality of the network N2 is not stable. There is no regularity in the delay time, and the delay time varies greatly. In this case, it is determined that the statistical information regarding the delay time such as the average value, the standard deviation, and the variance is not worth using as information indicating the actual delay time in the network. At this time, in order to indicate that the quality of the network N2 is not stable, the log data generation unit 24 desirably sets a value such as a non-number to each item of the statistical information as log data. In this case, since the log data includes a non-number, the statistical information is not used. Note that information other than a non-numeric value may be recorded in the log data to indicate that the quality of the log data is not stable.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure example of processing in which the information processing apparatus 2 according to the second modification generates log data.

  In step S <b> 10, processing is started at the timing when the information processing apparatus 2 receives log data from the sensor device 4.

  In step S11, the measured delay time of data transmission is extracted.

  In step S12, statistical information such as “average value”, “variance”, “standard deviation”, “distortion”, and “kurtosis” is calculated based on the extracted data.

  In step S13, it is determined whether or not the distribution of the extracted data is a normal distribution. Judgment as to whether or not a normal distribution is indicated is made according to whether or not the values of “distortion” and “kurtosis” are within a predetermined range. If the determination result is YES, that is, if the distribution of the extracted data indicates a normal distribution, the process proceeds to step S14. When the determination result is NO, that is, when the distribution of the extracted data does not indicate a normal distribution, the process proceeds to step S15.

  In step S14, the log data transmission time is calculated according to the "average value" of the calculated delay times.

  In step S15, a non-number is inserted into statistical information such as “average value”, “variance”, “standard deviation”, “distortion”, “kurtosis”, and the like.

  In step S16, the log data generation unit 24 generates log data.

  All or part of the above-described embodiments can be implemented by a program. This program can be stored in a portable recording medium. A portable recording medium refers to a non-transitory storage medium. Examples of the portable recording medium include a magnetic recording medium, an optical disk, a magneto-optical recording medium, and a nonvolatile memory. All or a part of the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by reading a program stored in a portable recording medium and executing it by a processor.

<Summary>
The preferred embodiments of the present invention do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the claims. It is clear that can be added. In other words, the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the details of the specific examples and the accompanying drawings.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Log generation system 2 Information processing apparatus 201 Input part 202 Output part 203 Drive 204 Storage medium 205 Interface 206 Auxiliary storage part 207 Memory 208 CPU
21 Communication Control Unit 22 Delay Time Measurement Unit 23 Statistical Information Generation Unit 24 Log Data Generation Unit 25 Clock Management Unit 3 Log Recording Device 4 Sensor Device

Japanese Patent No. 4847955 JP 2013-98788 A

Claims (6)

An information processing apparatus that communicates with a terminal connected via a network,
Receiving means for receiving message data from the terminal;
Measuring means for measuring a delay time indicating a time from transmission of data between the terminal and the information processing apparatus to arrival;
Statistical information generating means for generating statistical information on the measured delay time;
A transmission time calculating means for calculating a transmission time of the message data based on the statistical information;
Log data generating means for generating log data including the message data, the transmission time, and the statistical information, the log data generating means for outputting the quality of the network based on the log data Processing equipment. The measuring means measures the delay time a plurality of times at a predetermined cycle,
The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the statistical information generation unit generates the statistical information based on the delay time measured a plurality of times.   The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the statistical information includes at least one of an average value of the delay time, a standard deviation with respect to the average value, and a variance with respect to the average value. The log data generation means compares the kurtosis and / or skewness for determining whether or not the distribution of the measured delay times indicates a normal distribution with each threshold value. And means for outputting the quality of the network,
The statistical information generation means calculates at least one of the average value, the standard deviation, and the variance based on the quality, and determines whether to include in the statistical information. Information processing device. An information processing method for communicating with a terminal connected via a network,
Receiving message data from the terminal;
A procedure for measuring a delay time indicating a time from when the data is transmitted between the terminal and the information processing apparatus until it arrives;
Generating statistical information on the measured delay time;
A procedure for calculating a transmission time of the message data based on the statistical information;
An information processing method comprising: a procedure for generating log data including the message data, the transmission time, and the statistical information, and outputting the quality of the network based on the log data. An information processing program for communicating with a terminal connected via a network,
On the computer,
Receiving message data from the terminal;
Measuring a delay time indicating a time from when the data is transmitted between the terminal and the information processing apparatus until reaching the data; and
Generating statistical information on the measured delay time;
Calculating a transmission time of the message data based on the statistical information;
An information processing program for executing log data including the message data, the transmission time, and the statistical information, and outputting the quality of the network based on the log data.

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