JP6280951B2 - Powder and particle discharging apparatus and powder and particle discharging method - Google Patents

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a granular material discharging apparatus and a granular material discharging method, and more particularly to a granular material discharging apparatus and a granular material discharging method used for depositing the granular material on a cargo box of a transportation vehicle. It is.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a process of depositing a normal state granular material in a packing box using a conventional granular material discharge device.

  Referring to (1) of FIG. 7, the conventional granular material discharge device 101 discharges the granular material 20 made of granulated slag dehydrated by the dehydration device 121 to the cargo box 2 of the transport vehicle 1. The hopper 25 includes a control device 53 that starts and stops discharge from the hopper 25. In addition, the amorphous granulated slag before being dewatered by the dewatering device 121 is used to produce hot metal by the blast furnace method, and at the same time, the silica and alumina contained in the iron ore are mixed with limestone and used as cooling water. Manufactured by rapid cooling. The granulated slag is dewatered by the dewatering device 121, temporarily stored in the hopper 25 of the granular material discharging device 101, then discharged from the hopper 25, accumulated in the cargo box 2 of the vehicle 1, and transported to the destination. Is done.

  The control device 53 of the granular material discharge device 101 is connected to the operation panel 124 and the valve 27 of the hopper 25 as shown by a one-dot chain line through a connection line 125.

  The cargo box 2 of the vehicle 1 has an upper surface 3 that is opened, a first side surface 7 that is opened on the opposite side of the front end portion 46 of the vehicle 1, and an upper end of the first side surface 7 that is freely rotatable. A gate 47 fixed to the first side 7, a second side 8 facing the first side 7, and a bottom 4 formed with an inclined surface 5 inclined upward toward the first side 7. The

  In use, the driver 91 of the vehicle 1 stops the vehicle 1 by aligning the front end 46 of the vehicle 1 with a stop line 131 formed on the ground 130. At that time, it is set so that the hopper 25 of the granular material discharge device 101 is positioned above the packing box 2 of the vehicle 1.

  After confirming that the vehicle 1 is in the above state, the guide 94 presses the start button on the operation panel 124 so that the valve 27 of the hopper 25 operates. As a result, the valve 27 of the hopper 25 rotates via the control device 53, and the granular material 20 once stored is discharged from the hopper 25 to the cargo box 2. Then, the granular material 20 is deposited on the packing box 2. In addition, the guider 94 is arrange | positioned in the position which can confirm the accumulation state to the packing box 2 of the granular material 20. FIG.

  When the pile 21 of the granular material 20 is formed as shown in FIG. 7 (1), the guide 94 presses the stop button of the operation panel 124 to stop the rotation of the valve 27 of the hopper 25 and Discharge of the granules 20 is stopped. At this time, the left side surface of the mountain 21 of the granular material 20 is in contact with the second side surface 8 of the packing box 2. Further, the ridge end 23 a on the right side of the peak 21 of the granular material 20 is positioned in front of the inclined surface 5 on the bottom surface 4 of the packing box 2.

  Next, the driver 91 that has received a signal from the guide 94 moves the vehicle 1 in the direction of the arrow with the stop line 132.

  Referring to (2) of FIG. 7, the driver 91 stops the vehicle 1 by aligning the front end portion 46 of the vehicle 1 with the stop line 132 formed on the ground 130.

  The guider 94 confirms that the vehicle 1 is in the above state, and then presses the start button on the operation panel 124. The valve 27 of the hopper 25 is rotated via the control device 53, and the granular material 20 is discharged from the hopper 25 to the cargo box 2. And the granular material 20 accumulates so that it may overlap with the mountain 21 of the packing box 2. FIG.

  When the two peaks 22 of the granular material 20 are formed as shown in (2) of FIG. 7, the guide 94 presses the stop button of the operation panel 124 to stop the rotation of the valve 27 of the hopper 25, Discharge of the granules 20 is stopped. At this time, the mountain hem end 23 b on the right side of the two peaks 22 of the granular material 20 is located on the upper surface of the inclined surface 5 of the bottom surface 4 of the packing box 2. Thus, the discharge of the granular material 20 to the cargo box 2 of the vehicle 1 by the granular material discharge device 101 is completed.

  The conventional granular material discharge device 101 as described above requires a guider 94 in addition to the driver 91, and has low labor productivity. In addition, due to variations in the production of granulated slag (powder particles 20), there are production lots containing a large amount of water, which has the following problems.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a state when abnormal particles are discharged to the packing box in the powder discharge device shown in FIG.

  Referring to the figure, when the granular material 20 discharged from the hopper 25 of the granular material discharging apparatus 101 is in an abnormal state in which the amount of water is excessive, a mountain 21 in a normal state as indicated by a two-dot chain line. Is not formed, and the surface is expanded in a planar shape.

  The temperature of the granular material 20 is about 60 ° C., and when the water content is excessive, a large amount of water vapor 140 is generated. Due to the presence of a large amount of water vapor 140, the inducer 94 cannot accurately see the accumulation state of the granular material 20 in the packing box 2. As a result, the excessively water-containing granular material 20 spreads out in a flat manner on the bottom surface 4 of the packing box 2, and between the end portion on the first side surface 7 side of the inclined surface 5 and the lower end portion of the gate 47. , The ground 130 may be spilled in the direction of the solid arrow. In addition, a large amount of labor is required for cleaning the spilled granular material 20, and the granular material discharge device 101 cannot be used during the cleaning operation, resulting in a reduction in work efficiency.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and improves the reliability of the discharge operation, and can also stop the discharge of powder in an abnormal state. An object is to provide a body discharge method.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a bottom surface in which an open top surface, an open first side surface, and an inclined surface inclined upward toward the first side surface are formed. A powder discharge device for depositing powder particles on a packing box comprising: a hopper installed at a position above the load box for discharging powder particles; and the discharged powder particles having an inclined surface An inclined surface detecting means for detecting that the upper surface has spread, and a control means for stopping discharge from the hopper when a detection output by the inclined surface detecting means is generated before a predetermined discharge time has elapsed from the discharge start time of the hopper. It is equipped with.

  If comprised in this way, discharge control will be attained by the state of a granular material.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, the inclined surface detecting means is a first mountain-shaped first formed by a granular material deposited in a desired accumulation amount when a predetermined discharge time elapses. The presence of the granular material on the first side surface side is detected from the side end of the mountain skirt on the side surface side.

  If comprised in this way, the detection before progress of predetermined | prescribed discharge time means presence of the granular material which should not exist in the position originally.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in the configuration of the invention 請 Motomeko 2, wherein the granular material is a predetermined set height between the inclined surface detection position by the inclined surface detecting means below the hopper in packing boxes First detecting means for detecting that the first and second detecting means detects that the granular material has reached a predetermined set height between the first detecting position and the inclined surface detecting position by the first detecting means. The detection means further includes a second detection means, and the control means has a first detection time difference between a second detection time point by the second detection means and a first detection time point by the first detection means being a predetermined first time. When it is inside, the discharge from the hopper is stopped.

  If comprised in this way, abnormality of a granular material can be detected more rapidly.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the third aspect of the present invention, the second detection means has the granular material at a predetermined set height between the first detection position and the skirt end. Is to detect this.

  If comprised in this way, the abnormal deposition speed of a granular material can be detected compared with the case where a desired deposition amount is deposited.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a powder particle in a packing box comprising an opened upper surface, an opened first side surface, and a bottom surface formed with an inclined surface inclined upward toward the first side surface. A powder discharge device for depositing a body, which is installed at a position above the packing box, discharges the powder, a position below the hopper in the packing box, and a predetermined discharge time from the discharge start time of the hopper Detecting that the granular material has reached a predetermined set height with respect to the ridge end on the first side surface of the mountain shape formed by the granular material deposited in a desired accumulation amount during the course of A first detection means, a second detection means for detecting that the granular material has reached a predetermined set height between the first detection position by the first detection means and the skirt end, and a second detection means The first detection of the second detection time by the first detection means and the first detection time by the first detection means When while difference is within a predetermined first time, in which a control means for stopping the discharge from the hopper.

  If comprised in this way, the abnormal deposition speed of a granular material can be detected compared with the case where a desired deposition amount is deposited.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the fifth aspect of the invention, the granular material has a predetermined set height between the second detection position by the second detection means and the skirt end. The control means further includes a third detection means for detecting the second detection time difference between the third detection time and the second detection time by the third detection means within a predetermined second time. At the same time, when the third detection time difference between the third detection time point and the first detection time point is within a predetermined third time period, the discharge from the hopper is stopped.

  If comprised in this way, the abnormal deposition speed of a granular material can be detected more correctly based on three detection time differences.

  The invention according to claim 7 is a method of discharging a granular material, wherein the granular material containing moisture is discharged to a floor surface of a packing box having at least a part of the side surface opened, and discharged The detection process of detecting the spread mode of the granular material to the floor surface that changes depending on the amount of water, and the control process of controlling the discharge amount of the granular material based on the detected spread mode. .

  If comprised in this way, a moisture content can be estimated with the spreading | diffusion aspect.

  As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the discharge can be controlled depending on the state of the granular material, the reliability of the discharge operation is improved.

  In the invention according to claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1, the detection before the elapse of a predetermined discharge time means the presence of a granular material that should not originally exist at the position. Discharge of the granular material in an abnormal state can be stopped.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the invention 請 Motomeko 2 wherein, for can be detected faster abnormality of granular material can be quickly stopped discharge of the granular material in the abnormal condition.

  In addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 3, the invention described in claim 4 can detect an abnormal deposition speed of the granular material as compared with the case where a desired amount of deposition is deposited. It is possible to stop the discharge of the granular material in the safer.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the abnormal accumulation speed of the granular material can be detected as compared with the case where the desired accumulation amount is accumulated, so that the ejection of the granular material in the abnormal accumulation state can be stopped more safely. it can.

  According to the sixth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the fifth aspect of the invention, since the abnormal deposition speed of the granular material can be detected more accurately based on the difference between the three detection times, the accuracy of the discharge stop operation is improved. To do.

  According to the seventh aspect of the invention, since the moisture amount can be estimated by the spreading mode, the discharge operation is stabilized.

It is the schematic which shows the process of depositing a normal state granular material on a packing box using the granular material discharge apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a figure corresponding to FIG. It is the schematic explaining the state when detecting the abnormal state granular material discharged to the packing box using the granular material discharge apparatus shown in FIG. It is the schematic explaining the state when detecting the abnormal state granular material discharged to the packing box using the granular material discharge apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: FIG. FIG. It is the schematic explaining the state when the abnormal state granular material discharged to the packing box is detected using the granular material discharge apparatus by 3rd Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It respond | corresponds to FIG. FIG. It is the schematic explaining the state when detecting the granular material of the abnormal state discharged to the packing box using the granular material discharge apparatus by 4th Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: FIG. FIG. It is a schematic diagram explaining calculating the disintegration angle of a granular material using the granular material discharge apparatus shown in FIG. It is the schematic which shows the process of depositing a normal state granular material on a packing box using the conventional granular material discharge apparatus. It is the schematic which shows a state when the granular material of an abnormal state is discharged by the packing box in the granular material discharge apparatus shown in FIG.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a process of depositing powder particles in a normal state in a packing box using the powder particle discharge apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to FIG. It is.

  The granular material discharge apparatus 11 according to the first embodiment has the same basic configuration as the conventional granular material discharge apparatus 101 shown in FIG. Here, the difference will be mainly described.

  Referring to (1) of FIG. 1, the packing box 2 of the vehicle 1 in the granular material discharge device 11 is similar to the conventional granular material discharge device 101 shown in FIG. The first side surface 7 that is opened, the gate 47, the second side surface 8, and the bottom surface 4 on which the inclined surface 5 that inclines upward toward the first side surface 7 is formed. .

The granular material discharge device 11 is used for depositing the granular material 20 on the cargo box 2 of the vehicle 1, is installed above the packing box 2, and has a hopper 25 for discharging the granular material 20 and a ceiling 145. An ultrasonic level meter 33 which is an inclined surface detecting means 31 for detecting that the discharged granular material 20 has spread on the upper surface of the inclined surface 5 of the bottom surface 4 of the packing box 2, and an inclined surface detecting means. Control means 51 that stops the discharge from the hopper 25 when the detection output by the ultrasonic level meter 33 that is 31 occurs before the discharge time T _S (seconds) elapses from the discharge start time of the hopper 25. And a control device 53. Details of the ultrasonic level meter 33 that is the inclined surface detecting means 31, the control device 53 that is the control means 51, and the predetermined discharge time Ts will be described later.

  The control device 53 that is the control means 51 of the granular material discharge device 11 includes a pendant switch 55, an ultrasonic level meter 33 that is the inclined surface detection means 31, and a one-dot chain line through the connection line 56. It is connected to a bulb 27 of the hopper 25, a tilt-type full sensor 37 described later, a multistage rotating lamp 43 described later, and a buzzer 44 described later. The pendant switch 55 has the same function as the operation panel 124 shown in FIG. 7, and is arranged at a position that can be reached from the driver 91 in the state (1) of FIG.

  The infrared camera 87 is suspended from the ceiling 145 at a position to the right of the hopper 25, is fixed toward the bottom surface 4 including the inclined surface 5 of the cargo box 2 of the vehicle 1, and the granular material 20 on the inclined surface 5. It is intended to monitor the accumulation state.

  The infrared camera 89 is suspended from the ceiling 145 at a position to the left of the hopper 25, fixed in the direction of the cargo box 2 of the vehicle 1 positioned below the hopper 25, and discharged from the hopper 25. 20 mountain shapes are monitored.

  The outdoor monitor 40 is hung from the ceiling 145 at a position to the left of the vehicle 1 and installed at a position where it can be seen by the driver 91, so that images from the infrared camera 87 and the infrared camera 89 are displayed in real time. Yes.

  The tilt-type full sensor 37 is suspended from the ceiling 145, and the granular material 20 discharged from the hopper 25 accumulates in a mountain shape to form a mountain 21 or a mountain 22 shown in FIG. 1 (2). The full command is transmitted to the control device 53 that is the control means 51 by tilting in contact with the granular material 20 at the time.

  The multistage rotating lamp 43 is hung from the ceiling 145 at a position to the left of the vehicle 1, is installed at a position where it can be seen by the driver 91, and is connected to a control device 53 that is a control means 51.

  The buzzer 44 is hung from the ceiling 145 at a position to the left of the vehicle 1, is installed at a position where the sound can be heard well from the driver 91, and is connected to the control device 53 that is the control means 51.

  In use, the driver 91 of the vehicle 1 stops the vehicle 1 by aligning the front end 46 of the vehicle 1 with a stop line 131 formed on the ground 130. At this time, it is set so that the hopper 25 of the granular material discharge device 11 is positioned above the packing box 2 of the vehicle 1.

  The driver 91 presses the start button of the pendant switch 55 so that the valve 27 of the hopper 25 operates. As a result, the valve 27 of the hopper 25 rotates via the control device 53 that is the control means 51, and the granular material 20 once stored is discharged from the hopper 25 to the cargo box 2. Then, the granular material 20 is deposited on the packing box 2.

  When the peak 21 of the granular material 20 is formed as shown in FIG. 1 (1), the tilt-type full sensor 37 is in contact with the granular material 20 and tilts to control the full command. This is transmitted to the control device 53 which is means 51. The driver 91 can visually recognize that the multistage rotating lamp 43 is turned on via the control device 53 that has received the command. The driver 91 presses the stop button of the pendant switch 55, stops the rotation of the valve 27 of the hopper 25, and stops the discharge of the granular material 20. Note that the driver 91 presses the stop button of the pendant switch 55 to stop the rotation of the valve 27 of the hopper 25 before judging to be full from the image displayed on the outdoor monitor 40, so that the hopper 25 It is also possible to stop the discharge of the granular material 20 from. Further, the rotation of the valve 27 of the hopper 25 of the granular material discharge device 11 is automatically stopped via the control device 53 which is the control means 51 which receives the full command from the tilt-type full sensor 37, You may comprise so that discharge of the granular material 20 from the hopper 25 may be stopped. This prevents the driver 91 from forgetting to press the stop button of the pendant switch 55 and improves the reliability of the operation of the granular material discharge device 11.

  Next, the driver 91 moves the vehicle 1 in the direction of the arrow with the stop line 132.

  With reference to (2) of FIG. 1, the driver 91 stops the vehicle 1 by aligning the front end portion 46 of the vehicle 1 with a stop line 132 formed on the ground 130.

  The driver 91 presses the start button of the pendant switch 55. The valve 27 of the hopper 25 is rotated via the control device 53 that is the control means 51, and the granular material 20 is discharged from the hopper 25 to the cargo box 2. And the powder body 20 accumulates the two mountains 22 so that it may overlap with the first mountain 21 of the packing box 2.

  When the two peaks 22 of the granular material 20 are formed as shown in FIG. 1 (2), the tilt-type full sensor 37 is in contact with the granular material 20 and tilts to control the full command. To the device 53. The driver 91 can visually recognize that the multistage rotating lamp 43 is full via the control device 53. The driver 91 presses the stop button of the pendant switch 55, stops the rotation of the valve 27 of the hopper 25, and stops the discharge of the granular material 20. Accordingly, the guider 94 as shown in FIG. 7 is not required, and the productivity of production is improved.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state when an abnormal state of the granular material discharged to the packing box is detected using the granular material discharge device shown in FIG.

Referring to the figure, an ultrasonic level meter 33 that is an inclined surface detecting means 31 of the granular material discharge device 11 spreads the discharged granular material 20 on the upper surface of the inclined surface 5 of the bottom surface 4 of the packing box 2. And a mountain shape formed by the granular material 20 deposited at a desired deposition amount K ₁ (tons) when a predetermined discharge time T _S (seconds) has elapsed from the discharge start time of the hopper 25. The presence of the granular material 20 on the first side surface 7 side is detected from the mountain skirt end portion 23a on the first side surface 7 side in the first mountain 21.

That is, the predetermined discharge time T _S forms a mountain-like mountain 21 in which the granular material 20 containing a normal amount of water is deposited at a desired accumulation amount K ₁ from the discharge start time of the hopper 25. Means the time it takes to complete. The predetermined discharge time T _S from the ejection start time of the hopper 25 may be time required to form a chevron-shaped of two mountains 22.

Here, the ultrasonic level meter 33 which is the inclined surface detecting means 31 of the granular material discharge device 11 has the height of the granular material 20 at the inclined surface detection position 32 of the inclined surface 5 by the ultrasonic level meter 33. Detect when _HK is reached. Note that the height of the end portion of the inclined surface 5 on the first side surface 7 side of the bottom surface 4 of the cargo box 2 of the vehicle 1 is H _s , and the height is lower by the height H _α than the height H _s. H _K (= H _s −H _α ). The height H _α is appropriately set according to the inclined surface detection position 32 and the distance B ₁ from the stop line 131 to the inclined surface detection position 32. That is, the height H _K is lower than the height H _s of the end portion of the inclined surface 5 on the first side surface 7 side, and the granular material 20 is in an abnormal state where the amount of water is excessive. It means the height that can be detected.

When the detection output by the ultrasonic level meter 33 as the inclined surface detection means 31 is generated before the predetermined discharge time T _S (seconds) has elapsed from the discharge start time of the hopper 25, the control device 53 as the control means 51. Then, the rotation of the valve 27 of the hopper 25 is automatically stopped, and the discharge of the granular material 20 from the hopper 25 is stopped. In addition, the driver 91 is notified by sounding the buzzer 44 via the control device 53 and turning on the multistage rotating lamp 43. Thereby, there is no possibility that the granular material 20 is spilled on the ground 130, and work efficiency can be improved.

By configuring in this way, the detection by the ultrasonic level meter 33 which is the inclined surface detecting means 31 before the elapse of the predetermined discharge time T _S (seconds) is essentially a powder particle that should not exist at that position. Since the presence of the body 20 is meant, the discharge of the granular material 20 in an abnormal state where the amount of water is excessive can be stopped. Moreover, since the discharge control according to the state of the granular material 20 is attained by the granular material discharge apparatus 11, the reliability of discharge operation improves.

  In addition, the ultrasonic level meter 33 which is the inclined surface detection means 31 was assumed to be a case where a pile 21 of the granular material 20 in a normal state corresponding to (1) in FIG. However, assuming the case where two peaks 22 of the granular material 20 in a normal state corresponding to (2) of FIG. 1 are deposited, the superposition which is the inclined surface detecting means 31 shown in (2) of FIG. A sonic level meter 34 may be further installed. At that time, an ultrasonic level meter 33 (inclined surface detection position 32) or an ultrasonic level meter 34 (ultrasonic level meter) depending on the stop position of the vehicle 1 (either the stop line 131 or the stop line 132). Any one of 34 inclined surface detection positions) may be configured to be selected automatically or manually. Alternatively, for example, an ultrasonic level meter 33 is used so that the inclined surface detection position 32 of the ultrasonic level meter 33 as the inclined surface detection means 31 can correspond to the inclined surface detection position of the ultrasonic level meter 34. You may form so that it can move to the position of the ultrasonic type level meter 34. FIG. The same applies to the first detection means, the second detection means, and the third detection means described later.

  1 and 2, the detection by the ultrasonic level meter 33 which is the inclined surface detecting means 31 described above is performed by detecting the floor surface 4 of the packing box 2 which changes depending on the amount of moisture of the discharged granular material 20. It is none other than detecting the spread mode.

  Therefore, the discharge method of the granular material 20 using such a granular material discharge apparatus 11 discharges the granular material 20 containing moisture onto the floor surface 4 of the packing box 2 having at least a part of the side surface opened. The amount of discharge of the granular material 20 based on the detected discharge step, the detection step of detecting the spread mode of the discharged granular material 20 to the floor surface 4 that varies depending on the amount of moisture, and the detected spread mode. And a control process for controlling. Therefore, since the amount of moisture can be estimated by the spreading mode, the discharge operation is stabilized.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state when an abnormal state of granular material discharged to the packing box is detected using the granular material discharge device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2.

  The granular material discharge device 12 according to the second embodiment has the same basic configuration as the granular material discharge device 11 shown in FIG. Here, the difference will be mainly described.

Referring to the figure, the granular material discharge device 12 has a desired deposit amount K when a predetermined discharge time T _S (seconds) elapses from the lower position 9 of the hopper 25 in the cargo box 2 and the discharge start time of the hopper 25. _The granular material 20 has a predetermined set height _HL between the mountain side end portion 23a on the first side face 7 side of the mountain-shaped mountain 21 formed by the granular material 20 deposited in ₁ (ton). An ultrasonic level meter 63 that is a first detection means 61 that detects that the powder has been detected, and the granular material 20 is predetermined between the first detection position 62 by the first detection means 61 and the skirt end portion 23a. The ultrasonic level meter 73 which is the second detection means 71 for detecting that the set height _HL is reached, the second detection time point KT ₂ by the second detection means 71 and the first detection means 61. first detection time difference between the first detection time KT ₁ according _DKT 1 (= KT -KT ₁₎ when is in the first time T ₁ of the predetermined, a control unit 53 which is a control unit 51 for automatically stopping the discharge of the granular material 20 from the hopper 25.

The distance between the first detection position 62 by ultrasonic level meter 63 and the second detection position 72 by ultrasonic level meter 73 is set to L _1. Also, the distance from the stop line 131 to the second detection position 72 is set to B _2.

Predetermined first time T ₁ is (discharge speed granular material 20) rotational speed of the valve 27, the normal moisture content of the granular material 20, those determined by the first detection position 62 and the distance L ₁ is there.

Here, the predetermined set height H _L is a height (H _s −H _β ) that is lower than the height H _s of the end portion of the inclined surface 5 on the first side surface 7 side by the height H _β. . The height H _beta, the first detection position 62 is appropriately set in accordance with the second detection position 72 and the distance B _2. That is, the predetermined set height H _L is lower than the height H _s of the end portion of the inclined surface 5 on the first side surface 7 side, and the powder is in an abnormal state where the amount of water is excessive. It means a height at which the accumulation of the granular material 20 can be detected.

  By configuring in this way, it is possible to detect an abnormal deposition speed of the granular material 20 as compared with the case where a desired accumulation amount is deposited and a mountain 21 is formed, so that excessive moisture is present. Discharge of the granular material 20 in an abnormal accumulation state can be stopped more safely.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state when an abnormal state of granular material discharged to the packing box is detected using the granular material discharge device according to the third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2.

  The granular material discharge device 13 according to the third embodiment has the same basic configuration as the granular material discharge device 11 shown in FIG. Here, the difference will be mainly described.

  Referring to the figure, the granular material discharge device 13 is a first detection means 61 in the granular material discharge device 12 shown in FIG. 3 as compared with the granular material discharge device 11 shown in FIG. A sonic level meter 63 and an ultrasonic level meter 73 as the second detection means 71 are added.

That is, the ultrasonic level meter 73 that is the second detection means 71 of the granular material discharge device 13 is configured such that the first detection position 62 and the mountain hem end portion by the ultrasonic level meter 63 that is the first detection means 61. It detects that the granular material 20 became predetermined | prescribed setting height _HL between 23a.

  Therefore, since the abnormality of the granular material 20 can be detected more quickly, the discharge of the granular material 20 in an abnormal state can be stopped quickly.

  Further, in addition to the detection by the ultrasonic level meter 63 as the first detection means 61 and the ultrasonic level meter 73 as the second detection means 71, the ultrasonic level meter as the inclined surface detection means 31. Since the detection by 33 is also performed, the reliability of the granular material discharge device 13 is further improved by these two-stage detection.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state when an abnormal state of granular material discharged to the packing box is detected using the granular material discharge device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3.

  The granular material discharge device 14 according to the fourth embodiment has the same basic configuration as the granular material discharge device 12 shown in FIG. Here, the difference will be mainly described.

Referring to the drawing, the granular material discharge device 14 is different from the granular material discharge device 12 shown in FIG. 3 in the second detection position 72 by the ultrasonic level meter 73 as the second detection means 71. And an ultrasonic level meter 83 which is a third detecting means 81 for detecting that the granular material 20 has reached a predetermined set height _HL .

The distance between the second detection position 72 by the ultrasonic level meter 73 and the third detection position 82 by the ultrasonic level meter 83 is the same as the first detection position 62 by the ultrasonic level meter 63 and the ultrasonic level. It is set to be the same as the distance L ₁ from the second detection position 72 by the total 73. This facilitates the installation of each ultrasonic level meter. Note that the distance between the ultrasonic level meters may not be L ₁ but may be a different value.

The control device 53 which is the control means 51 of the granular material discharge device 14 is the third detection time KT ₃ and the second detection time KT ₂ by the ultrasonic level meter 83 which is the third detection means 81. The second detection time difference DKT ₂ (= KT ₃ −KT ₂ ) is within the predetermined second time T ₂ , and the third detection time difference between the third detection time KT ₃ and the first detection time KT ₁ When DKT ₃ (= KT ₃ -KT ₁ ) is within the predetermined third time T ₃ , the discharge of the granular material 20 from the hopper 25 is stopped.

Predetermined second time T ₂ are, (discharge speed granular material 20) rotational speed of the valve 27, the normal moisture content of the granules 20, but determined by the second detection position 72 and the distance L ₁ is there. Further, the predetermined third time T _3, the rotational speed of the valve 27 (discharge speed granules 20), normal moisture content of the granular material 20, the detection position of the first detection position 62 and a third 82 (distance L ₁ ).

By configuring in this way, the abnormal deposition speed of the granular material 20 can be detected more accurately based on the _three detection time differences (DKT ₁ , DKT ₂ and DKT ₃ ). The accuracy of the stop operation is improved.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation of the collapse angle of the granular material using the granular material discharge device shown in FIG.

  In addition, in the granular material discharge apparatus 12 in this schematic diagram, although the granular material 20 shall be discharged to the planar bottom face 4 in which the side surface is not formed, with respect to the actual packing box in which the side surface was formed However, the same calculation can be made in consideration of the influence of the side surface.

  Referring to the figure, after the powder body 20 is discharged from the hopper 25 of the powder body discharge device 12, the cone 21 having the truncated cone shape of the powder body 20 is formed on the bottom surface 4, and then the cone Two peaks 22 having a trapezoidal shape are further formed.

Here, the first detection position 62 by ultrasonic level meter 63 which is the first detection means 61, the distance between the lower position 9 of the hopper 25 is a _1.

A second detection position 72 by ultrasonic level meter 73 which is the second detection means 71, the distance between the lower position 9 of the hopper 25 is a _2.

The distance between the first detection position 62 by the ultrasonic level meter 63 as the first detection means 61 and the second detection position 72 by the ultrasonic level meter 73 as the second detection means 71 is L ₁ . The first detection position 62, the second detection position 72, and the lower position 9 here are assumed to be located on the bottom surface 4.

The ultrasonic level meter 63 serving as the first detection means 61 detects when the height of the peak 21 of the granular material 20 becomes h ₁ .

Ultrasonic level meter 73 which is the second detection means 71, the height of the two crests 22 of granular material 20 is detected when it is h _2. In addition, in the granular material discharge apparatus 12 shown in FIG. 3, the height h ₁ of the mountain 21 to be detected and the height h _{2 of} the mountain 22 are equal.

  At this time, it is considered to calculate the collapse angle θ of the granular material 20.

First, the volume V ₁ of the mountain 21 of the granular material 20 is expressed by the following equation (1).

粉粒体２０の二山２２の体積Ｖ_２は、次式の数２のように表される。

The volume V ₂ of the two peaks 22 of the granular material 20 is expressed as the following equation (2).

又、第１の検知位置６２とホッパー２５の下方位置９との距離ａ_１と、第２の検知位置７２とホッパー２５の下方位置９との距離ａ_２と、第１の検知位置６２と第２の検知位置７２との距離Ｌ_１との関係は、次式の数３で表される。

The distance a ₁ between the first detection position 62 and the lower position 9 of the hopper 25, the distance a ₂ between the second detection position 72 and the lower position 9 of the hopper 25, the first detection position 62 and the first position relationship between the distance L ₁ between the second detection position 72 is represented by the number 3 in the following equation.

ところで、ホッパー２５からの粉粒体２０の吐出速度をｖ_０として、第１の検知手段６１による検知時点ＫＴ_１をｔ_１に、第２の検知手段７１による検知時点ＫＴ_２をｔ_２にしたとき、次式の数４の関係で表される。

Incidentally, as _{v 0} the discharge rate of the granular material 20 from the hopper 25, the detection time KT ₁ by the first detecting means 61 to _{t 1,} and the detected time KT ₂ by the second detecting means 71 to _{t 2} Is expressed by the relationship of the following equation (4).

これら数式の数１〜数４を連立させることで、崩壊角θを算出することができる。

The collapse angle θ can be calculated by simultaneously combining the numerical expressions 1 to 4 of these mathematical expressions.

  In each of the above embodiments, the granular material discharge device is for depositing the granular material in a packing box having a specific purpose, but may be used for a packing box having other purposes. .

  In each of the above embodiments, the packing box has a specific shape, but is inclined upward toward the opened upper surface, the opened first side surface, and the first side surface. Any other shape may be used as long as it includes a bottom surface on which an inclined surface is formed.

  Furthermore, in each of the above-described embodiments, the granular material is formed from a specific material, but may be formed from other materials.

  Furthermore, in each of the first and third embodiments described above, the inclined surface detecting means is an ultrasonic level meter, but detects that the discharged granular material has spread on the upper surface of the inclined surface. As long as it is a thing, it may be other than that.

  Furthermore, in each of the second to fourth embodiments, the detection means is an ultrasonic level meter. However, the detection means may detect that the granular material has reached a predetermined set height. It may be other than that.

  Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment, the number of detection means is three, but may be four or more.

  Furthermore, in each said embodiment, although the granular material was formed in two piles in a packing box, you may form only one pile. Alternatively, three or more mountains may be formed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Packing box 3 ... Upper surface 4 ... Bottom 5 ... Inclined surface 7 ... 1st side surface 11-14 ... Granule discharge device 20 ... Granule 23 ... Mountain hem edge part 25 ... Hopper 31 ... Inclined surface detection means 32 ... Inclined surface detection position 51 ... control means 61 ... first detection means 62 ... first detection position 71 ... second detection means 72 ... second detection position 81 ... third detection means Indicates the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (7)

Powder body for depositing a powder body on a packing box comprising an open top surface, an open first side surface, and a bottom surface formed with an inclined surface inclined upward toward the first side surface. A discharge device,
A hopper installed at an upper position of the packing box and discharging powder particles;
An inclined surface detecting means for detecting that the discharged granular material has spread on the upper surface of the inclined surface;
A granular material discharge apparatus comprising: control means for stopping discharge from the hopper when a detection output by the inclined surface detection means is generated before a predetermined discharge time elapses from a discharge start time of the hopper.   The inclined surface detecting means is located on the first side surface side of a mountain-shaped end portion on the first side surface side of a mountain shape formed by a granular material deposited in a desired accumulation amount when the predetermined discharge time elapses. The granular material discharge apparatus of Claim 1 which detects presence of the granular material in. First detecting means for detecting that the granular material has reached a predetermined set height between the lower position of the hopper in the packing box and the inclined surface detecting position by the inclined surface detecting means;
A second detection means for detecting that the granular material has reached the predetermined set height between the first detection position by the first detection means and the inclined surface detection position;
When the first detection time difference between the second detection time by the second detection means and the first detection time by the first detection means is within a predetermined first time, the control means to stop discharge from the hopper, granular material discharge apparatus 請 Motomeko 2 wherein.   The granular material discharge according to claim 3, wherein the second detection means detects that the granular material has reached the predetermined set height between the first detection position and the mountain skirt end. apparatus. Powder body for depositing a powder body on a packing box comprising an open top surface, an open first side surface, and a bottom surface formed with an inclined surface inclined upward toward the first side surface. A discharge device,
A hopper installed at an upper position of the packing box and discharging powder particles;
The position of the lower side of the hopper in the packing box, and the mountain skirt on the first side surface side of the mountain shape formed by the granular material deposited in a desired accumulation amount when a predetermined discharge time has elapsed from the discharge start time of the hopper A first detecting means for detecting that the granular material has reached a predetermined set height between the end portions;
Second detection means for detecting that the granular material has reached the predetermined set height between the first detection position by the first detection means and the end of the mountain skirt,
When the first detection time difference between the second detection time point by the second detection means and the first detection time point by the first detection means is within a predetermined first time, the discharge from the hopper is performed. A granular material discharge device comprising a control means for stopping. And further comprising third detection means for detecting that the granular material has reached the predetermined set height between the second detection position by the second detection means and the skirt end.
The control means has a second detection time difference between a third detection time point by the third detection means and the second detection time point within a predetermined second time period, and the third detection time point The granular material discharge apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the discharge from the hopper is stopped when a third detection time difference from the first detection time is within a predetermined third time. A method for discharging powder particles,
A discharge step of discharging the powder containing moisture to the floor surface of the packing box at least a part of the side surface of which is opened;
A detection step of detecting the aspect of spreading of the discharged granular material to the floor surface, which varies depending on the amount of water;
A method for discharging a granular material, comprising: a control step for controlling a discharge amount of the granular material based on the detected spreading mode.

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